175 lines
19 KiB
XML
175 lines
19 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="4D890ACA40C8013C85AD27715AAD26C8">A new species of Sapadrama Hancock & Marshall (Diptera: Tephritidae) from China and an updated key to the known species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="004CE7029532B2AF93A04E6BB051D9B9">Chen, Xiaolin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="319EE9E1F9B62D6E5AC1852AAAE69B60">Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="9051548D5CBCE509C4C55D9CAACF7DB8" type="email">xlchen@ioz.ac.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="D9128E220176B0642247249B013A5399">Wang, Yong</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3A1C932935EA6E9B799DB713C87A6D04">Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="E404ED5203C134D969414BECCCF039BC">2023</mods:date>
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<heading id="D08681ACCC25FF93FF7FB06AB387F83B" bold="true" box="[151,722,1909,1936]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="488" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B905EAD2CC25FF93FF7FB06AB387F83B" bold="true" box="[151,722,1909,1936]" pageId="0" pageNumber="488">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C714D43CC25FF93FF06B069B387F83B" ID-CoL="89RFB" ID-ENA="2497897" authority="Hancock & Marshall, 2012" authorityName="Hancock & Marshall" authorityYear="2012" box="[238,722,1909,1936]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Sapadrama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="488" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B905EAD2CC25FF93FF06B069B02CF83B" bold="true" box="[238,377,1909,1936]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="488">Sapadrama</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE04B31CC25FF93FE68B06AB387F83B" author="Hancock, D. L. & Marshall, S. A." box="[384,722,1910,1936]" pageId="0" pageNumber="488" pagination="99 - 104" refId="ref4044" refString="Hancock, D. L. & Marshall, S. A. (2012) New records of fruit flies from northern Vietnam, with description of a new genus and species of Adramini (Diptera: Tephritidae: Trypetinae). Oral Oncology, 34 (2), 99 - 104." type="journal article" year="2012">Hancock & Marshall, 2012</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6111EECC25FF93FF7FB0A6B469F878" box="[151,1340,1978,2003]" pageId="0" pageNumber="488">
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<subSubSection id="C36B654BCC25FF93FF7FB0A6B330F879" box="[151,613,1978,2003]" pageId="0" pageNumber="488" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BCE36C0CC25FF93FF7FB0A6B330F879" blockId="0.[151,1340,1978,2003]" box="[151,613,1978,2003]" pageId="0" pageNumber="488">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AD010D1CC25FF93FF7FB0A6B335F879" author="Hancock, D. L. & Marshall, S. A." box="[151,608,1978,2003]" page="55" pageId="0" pageNumber="488" year="2012">
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<taxonomicName id="4C714D43CC25FF93FF7FB0A6B335F879" ID-CoL="89RFB" authority="Hancock and Marshall, 2012: 55" authorityName="Hancock and Marshall" authorityPageNumber="55" authorityYear="2012" box="[151,608,1978,2003]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Sapadrama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="488" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B905EAD2CC25FF93FF7FB0A6B059F879" box="[151,268,1978,2002]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="488">Sapadrama</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE04B31CC25FF93FEFAB0A6B335F879" author="Hancock, D. L. & Marshall, S. A." box="[274,608,1978,2003]" pageId="0" pageNumber="488" pagination="99 - 104" refId="ref4044" refString="Hancock, D. L. & Marshall, S. A. (2012) New records of fruit flies from northern Vietnam, with description of a new genus and species of Adramini (Diptera: Tephritidae: Trypetinae). Oral Oncology, 34 (2), 99 - 104." type="journal article" year="2012">Hancock and Marshall, 2012: 55</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36B654BCC25FF93FD82B0A7B469F878" box="[618,1340,1978,2003]" pageId="0" pageNumber="488" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph id="8BCE36C0CC25FF93FD82B0A7B469F878" blockId="0.[151,1340,1978,2003]" box="[618,1340,1978,2003]" pageId="0" pageNumber="488">
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Type species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C714D43CC25FF93FD11B0A6B5F3F879" authority="Hancock and Marshall" authorityName="Hancock and Marshall" box="[761,1190,1978,2002]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Sapadrama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="488" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="citrina">
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<emphasis id="B905EAD2CC25FF93FD11B0A6B2EDF879" box="[761,952,1978,2002]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="488">Sapadrama citrina</emphasis>
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Hancock and Marshall
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</taxonomicName>
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, by monotypy.
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<subSubSection id="C36B654BCC24FF92FF7FB78AB256FD66" pageId="1" pageNumber="489" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BCE36C0CC24FF92FF7FB78AB256FD66" blockId="1.[151,1437,150,969]" pageId="1" pageNumber="489">
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<emphasis id="B905EAD2CC24FF92FF7FB78AB047FF1B" bold="true" box="[151,274,150,176]" pageId="1" pageNumber="489">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Medium to large flies, body length
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<quantity id="4C899B25CC24FF92FD52B78AB27FFF1A" box="[698,810,150,177]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="489" unit="mm" value="11.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="8.0">8–15 mm</quantity>
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, wing length
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<quantity id="4C899B25CC24FF92FC23B78BB569FF1A" box="[971,1084,151,177]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="489" unit="mm" value="9.5" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="7.0">7–12 mm</quantity>
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. Head somewhat gibbose; one pair each of black orbital plus medial and lateral vertical setae; frontal, posterior orbital, ocellar, postocellar and paravertical setae absent, genal seta and row of weak postocular setae present and black; face depressed and flat on dorsal half, convex on ventral half; antenna with third segment short and apically rounded, less than half height of face; arista plumose. Thorax without yellow medial vitta and with the following setae: lateral scapular, anterior and posterior notopleural, anterior and posterior supra-alar and intra-alar setae present; one pair of apical scutellar setae; other setae absent; greater ampulla absent; posteroventral corner of anatergite and posterodorsal corner of katatergite sometimes with inconspicuous, fine pale hairs; metathoracic postcoxal bridge broadly sclerotised. Legs without femoral spines; mid tibia with a pair of large ventroapical black spine-like setae in addition to several small apical ones, including one between the two large ones. Wing elongate; vein
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<specimenCode id="DBD79EBBCC24FF92FBDFB6C7B507FE50" box="[1079,1106,475,507]" collectionCode="R" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="1" pageNumber="489">
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R
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<subScript id="17F53485CC24FF92FBA2B6F1B507FE50" attach="left" box="[1098,1106,493,507]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="489">1</subScript>
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</specimenCode>
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setose dorsally; apex of vein
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<specimenCode id="DBD79EBBCC24FF92FF7FB6E3B1E7FDB4" box="[151,178,511,543]" collectionCode="R" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="1" pageNumber="489">
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R
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<subScript id="17F53485CC24FF92FF42B50DB1E7FDB4" attach="left" box="[170,178,529,543]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="489">2</subScript>
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</specimenCode>
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+3 well before wing apex, just beyond line of dm–m crossvein; r–m crossvein just before apical third or quarter of cell dm and well beyond apex of pterostigma; vein M
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<subScript id="17F53485CC24FF92FCF9B528B24CFDE8" attach="left" box="[785,793,564,579]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="489">1</subScript>
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bare; cell cua blunt, without acute apical extension; vein CuA+CuP as long as cell cua. Abdomen elongate; female with oviscape about as long as tergites V+VI, with peculiar dorsoapical opening; eversible membrane with large ventral area of dense dark scales; aculeus about one-third length of oviscape, apically acute and dorsally curved to some extent. Male with lateral surstylus short, broad and distally blunt; forked vanes of phallopodeme not fused.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36B654BCC24FF92FF2FB5CBB5DBFC62" pageId="1" pageNumber="489" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BCE36C0CC24FF92FF2FB5CBB223FC2A" blockId="1.[151,1437,150,969]" pageId="1" pageNumber="489">
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Biological information for
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<taxonomicName id="4C714D43CC24FF92FDE8B5CBB3D4FD5A" authorityName="Hancock and Marshall" authorityYear="2012" box="[512,641,727,753]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Sapadrama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="489" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B905EAD2CC24FF92FDE8B5CBB3D4FD5A" box="[512,641,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="489">Sapadrama</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is almost unknown except that the collecting environment for some specimens was on a broad-leafed understory plant (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE04B31CC24FF92FD38B5E7B550FCBE" author="Hancock, D. L. & Marshall, S. A." box="[720,1029,763,789]" pageId="1" pageNumber="489" pagination="99 - 104" refId="ref4044" refString="Hancock, D. L. & Marshall, S. A. (2012) New records of fruit flies from northern Vietnam, with description of a new genus and species of Adramini (Diptera: Tephritidae: Trypetinae). Oral Oncology, 34 (2), 99 - 104." type="journal article" year="2012">Hancock & Marshall, 2012</bibRefCitation>
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), on the leaf of a
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<taxonomicName id="4C714D43CC24FF92FB2BB5E7B47AFCBF" box="[1219,1327,763,789]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="1" pageNumber="489" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="B905EAD2CC24FF92FB2BB5E7B47AFCBF" box="[1219,1327,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="489">Rubus sp.</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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on which a sweet liquid was sprayed to attract flies, or on the surface of an understory humus layer close to a river (this study). Moreover, a female of
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<taxonomicName id="4C714D43CC24FF92FE7DB45FB0AEFCF7" box="[405,507,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Sapadrama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="489" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="citrina">
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<emphasis id="B905EAD2CC24FF92FE7DB45FB0AEFCF7" box="[405,507,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="489">S. citrina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was observed to prick body of moth larvae using its abdomen (this study), which is suspected relating to the possible parasitic behavior of this genus.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCE36C0CC24FF92FF2FB497B5DBFC62" blockId="1.[151,1437,150,969]" pageId="1" pageNumber="489">
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With the addition of the new species described below, two species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C714D43CC24FF92FC23B497B519FC0E" authorityName="Hancock and Marshall" authorityYear="2012" box="[971,1100,907,933]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Sapadrama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="489" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B905EAD2CC24FF92FC23B497B519FC0E" box="[971,1100,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="489">Sapadrama</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are now recognized. So far as known the genus is restricted to the Oriental Region, but all of two species occur in
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<collectingCountry id="F3667650CC24FF92FBABB4B3B5DFFC62" box="[1091,1162,943,969]" name="China" pageId="1" pageNumber="489">China</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36B654BCC24FF92FF7FB307B4C9FA8E" pageId="1" pageNumber="489" type="key">
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<paragraph id="8BCE36C0CC24FF92FF7FB307B231FB9E" blockId="1.[151,868,1050,1077]" box="[151,868,1050,1077]" pageId="1" pageNumber="489">
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<emphasis id="B905EAD2CC24FF92FF7FB307B231FB9E" bold="true" box="[151,868,1050,1077]" pageId="1" pageNumber="489">
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Key to known species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C714D43CC24FF92FE22B306B231FB9E" ID-CoL="89RFB" ID-ENA="2497897" authority="Hancock & Marshall" authorityName="Hancock & Marshall" authorityYear="2012" box="[458,868,1050,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Sapadrama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="489" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B905EAD2CC24FF92FE22B306B300FB9E" bold="true" box="[458,597,1050,1077]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="489">Sapadrama</emphasis>
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Hancock & Marshall
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<keyStep id="30852E65CC24FF92FF7FB37CB4C9FA8E" pageId="1" pageNumber="489">
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<paragraph id="8BCE36C0CC24FF92FF7FB37CB4C9FB66" blockId="1.[151,1437,1120,1320]" pageId="1" pageNumber="489">
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<keyLead id="308095F5CC24FF92FF7FB37CB4C9FB66" pageId="1" pageNumber="489">
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1. Predominantly yellowish to rufous species (Figs. 14–20); thorax mostly rufous; scutum rufous with four broad yellowish vittae: two medial vittae which from anterior margin and end at 1/3 apically before posterior margin, two lateral vittae which from 1/5 basally at anterior margin and end at posterior margin; wing with pterostigma half length of cell c................................................................................................
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<taxonomicName id="4C714D43CC24FF92FB8CB3ABB4C9FB66" authority="Hancock & Marshall" authorityName="Hancock & Marshall" authorityYear="2012" box="[1124,1436,1207,1229]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Sapadrama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="489" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="citrina">
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<emphasis id="B905EAD2CC24FF92FB8CB3ABB4C9FB66" bold="true" box="[1124,1436,1207,1229]" pageId="1" pageNumber="489">
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<emphasis id="B905EAD2CC24FF92FB8CB3ABB5EBFB67" bold="true" box="[1124,1214,1207,1228]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="489">S. citrina</emphasis>
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Hancock & Marshall
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCE36C0CC24FF92FF7FB3C9B4C9FA8E" blockId="1.[151,1437,1120,1320]" pageId="1" pageNumber="489">
|
||
<keyLead id="308095F5CC24FF92FF7FB3C9B4C9FA8E" pageId="1" pageNumber="489">
|
||
- Predominantly black to brown species (Figs. 1–11); thorax black anteriorly and largely brown posteriorly; scutum completely black anterior to transverse suture, largely yellow to pale brown with two distinct black sublateral vittae posterior to transverse suture; wing with pterostigma small, about 1/5 length of cell c......................................
|
||
<emphasis id="B905EAD2CC24FF92FAEAB213B4C9FA8E" bold="true" box="[1282,1436,1295,1320]" pageId="1" pageNumber="489">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C714D43CC24FF92FAEAB213B41AFA83" authority="Chen & Wang, 2023" authorityName="Chen & Wang" authorityYear="2023" box="[1282,1359,1295,1320]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Sapadrama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="489" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigra" status="sp.nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B905EAD2CC24FF92FAEAB213B41AFA83" bold="true" box="[1282,1359,1295,1320]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="489">S. nigra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23657A9CC24FF92FABEB20CB4C9FA8E" box="[1366,1436,1296,1317]" pageId="1" pageNumber="489" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |