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<document id="5B3C6B0DCFC3A7E38A0D70E906D5E973" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3646.2.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4d0a98d2-c039-4832-9810-5710e2d1caf9" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="221499" ID-ZooBank="7F5B4F93-F4EB-4964-9ADA-50B7E1968651" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460599708019" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lauretta, Daniel" docDate="2013" docId="0391825AFFDBFFEBFF3483E1B7D7F954" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03646p159.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3646 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Andvakia manoloi Lauretta, 2013, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="153" masterDocId="FFA8FA22FFD8FFEFFFA38376B671FF83" masterDocTitle="New sea anemone (Anthozoa: Actiniaria) from Patagonia: Andvakia manoloi sp. nov." masterLastPageNumber="159" masterPageNumber="149" pageNumber="152" updateTime="1698327322245" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="2F5620259E1B246900C3ECE72C5EFC8E" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="8E97A20DEEF0FF3A821EEEF78D1263FF">
<mods:title id="388ACE6E363E89517AEF141A2D6CFD8A">New sea anemone (Anthozoa: Actiniaria) from Patagonia: Andvakia manoloi sp. nov.</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="EF5F014CA7461355B40E2CAB74C32257" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="F97C444DC5A92C394EC615F8BBAF1034">Lauretta, Daniel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="831A9DE08F6B52A0A05F287B82F8F1BC">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="6A6A5F3628DA92E0EA40D00CE118CE31">
<mods:date id="1EE8053E3E932C88BCB8A146AEA6ADBF">2013</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="AA026D2B978F6F8A9F86DE3C2F6A0BEF" type="volume">
<mods:number id="CF008556D6E4249DFFD09F9DAFB2FF02">3646</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="4B01C5E6BD2C53D5260E343571503EC8" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3646.2.3</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="F3E9F60A3A8F88F56213316679DF1189" type="GBIF-Dataset">4d0a98d2-c039-4832-9810-5710e2d1caf9</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="DA5983C2B287663BD9433AC8846D23C5" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="A25D88017EDB277BC81459D0C367FFED" type="Zenodo-Dep">221499</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="E6C313A9C4B88915D5C8596E18085CF1" type="ZooBank">7F5B4F93-F4EB-4964-9ADA-50B7E1968651</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="0391825AFFDBFFEBFF3483E1B7D7F954" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5613569" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119567119" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5613569" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0391825AFFDBFFEBFF3483E1B7D7F954" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0391825AFFDBFFEBFF3483E1B7D7F954" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="153" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
<subSubSection id="C32260C7FFDBFFECFF3483E1B731FBC7" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B87334CFFDBFFECFF3483E1B7A8FF32" blockId="3.[151,473,151,210]" box="[151,473,151,177]" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
<heading id="D0CF8420FFDBFFECFF3483E1B7A8FF32" bold="true" box="[151,473,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B94CEF5EFFDBFFECFF3483E1B7A8FF32" bold="true" box="[151,473,151,177]" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
<taxonomicName id="4C3848CFFFDBFFECFF3483E1B704FF32" ID-CoL="84G8F" box="[151,373,151,177]" class="Anthozoa" family="Andvakiidae" genus="Andvakia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="manoloi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94CEF5EFFDBFFECFF3483E1B704FF32" bold="true" box="[151,373,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Andvakia manoloi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27F5225FFDBFFECFEDF83E1B7A8FF32" box="[380,473,151,177]" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B87334CFFDBFFECFF3483CCB711FF51" blockId="3.[151,473,151,210]" box="[151,352,186,210]" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
(
<figureCitation id="13032FC9FFDBFFECFF3D83CCB77AFF51" box="[158,267,186,210]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,2002,2025]" captionTargetBox="[303,1294,187,1987]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[303,1295,187,1988]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. External anatomy of Andvakia manoloi sp. nov. Arrow points to tenaculum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/221500/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Figures 2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13032FC9FFDBFFECFEB483CCB754FF51" box="[279,293,186,210]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1886,1909]" captionTargetBox="[264,1327,176,1873]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[264,1328,173,1874]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Internal anatomy of Andvakia manoloi sp. nov. a) Longitudinal section through distal column, showing marginal sphincter. b) Cross section through mid column, showing a tenaculum and cuticle. c) Cross section through proximal column. Arrow points to fourth cycle mesentery. d) Detail of parietal muscle. e) Cross section of the column at the actinopharynx; the holotype display the same arrange shown in the image. Abbreviations: A, actinopharynx; C, cuticle, D, directive mesenteries; G, gastrodermis; Me, mesogloea; S, sphincter; T, tenaculum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/221501/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">3</figureCitation>
&amp;
<figureCitation id="13032FC9FFDBFFECFEEA83CCB729FF51" box="[329,344,186,210]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1349,1372]" captionTargetBox="[226,1360,193,1326]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[226,1361,193,1328]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Cross section showing the junction between proximal end and a mesentery. Images a and b, and c and d correspond to the same specimens respectively. M, mesentery." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/221502/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">4</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B87334CFFDBFFECFF348275B400FE0A" blockId="3.[151,1437,258,1239]" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
<typeStatus id="54838DEEFFDBFFECFF348275B6BEFE98" box="[151,207,259,283]" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Type</typeStatus>
material.
<typeStatus id="54838DEEFFDBFFECFEEF8274B7C9FE99" box="[332,440,258,282]" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: MACN-IN 39033; Punta Colorada, Río Negro,
<collectingCountry id="F32F73DCFFDBFFECFBA68274B205FE99" box="[1029,1140,258,282]" name="Argentina" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Argentina</collectingCountry>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE0C558BFFDBFFECFB298274B28CFE99" box="[1162,1277,258,282]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" precision="925" value="-41.766666">41º 46' S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE0C558BFFDBFFECFAB38274B3FEFE99" box="[1296,1423,258,282]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" precision="925" value="-65.0">65º 00' W</geoCoordinate>
),
<date id="FF86158CFFDBFFECFF348251B727FEBC" box="[151,342,295,319]" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" value="2010-11">November 2010</date>
, intertidal zone. Col. Daniel Lauretta.
<typeStatus id="54838DEEFFDBFFECFC8C825EB5E7FEC3" box="[815,918,296,320]" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
: Invertebrate collection of MLP 3725, one specimen. Collecting data same as those of
<typeStatus id="54838DEEFFDBFFECFD21823AB499FEE7" box="[642,744,332,356]" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
. Other material examined: MACN-IN 39034, two specimens. Collecting data same as those of
<typeStatus id="54838DEEFFDBFFECFDA48207B41CFE0A" box="[519,621,369,393]" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B87334CFFDBFFECFF6482E0B723FE2D" blockId="3.[151,1437,258,1239]" box="[199,338,406,430]" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Description:</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B87334CFFDBFFECFF6482CDB5A1FD09" blockId="3.[151,1437,258,1239]" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
<emphasis id="B94CEF5EFFDBFFECFF6482CDB7D7FE50" bold="true" box="[199,422,443,467]" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">External anatomy.</emphasis>
Flat base attached to substratum (rounded in one specimen), to
<quantity id="4CC09EA9FFDBFFECFB2582CCB2B8FE51" box="[1158,1225,442,466]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
diameter. Column longer than wide,
<quantity id="4CC09EA9FFDBFFECFED182A9B7B6FE74" box="[370,455,479,503]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="19.0">19 mm</quantity>
long and
<quantity id="4CC09EA9FFDBFFECFDE582A9B4EAFE74" box="[582,667,479,503]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
wide in preserved
<typeStatus id="54838DEEFFDBFFECFC2582A9B59DFE74" box="[902,1004,479,503]" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
; mean of all observed specimens in preservation
<quantity id="4CC09EA9FFDBFFECFE8A8172B7FFFD9F" box="[297,398,516,540]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.93" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="19.3">19.3 mm</quantity>
long and
<quantity id="4CC09EA9FFDBFFECFE5D8172B412FD9F" box="[510,611,516,540]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="10.5">10.5 mm</quantity>
wide. Column divisible into physa, scapus, scapulus and capitulum (
<figureCitation id="13032FC9FFDBFFECFACC8172B6D6FDC2" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,2002,2025]" captionTargetBox="[303,1294,187,1987]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[303,1295,187,1988]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. External anatomy of Andvakia manoloi sp. nov. Arrow points to tenaculum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/221500/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13032FC9FFDBFFECFF17815FB6B3FDC2" box="[180,194,553,577]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1886,1909]" captionTargetBox="[264,1327,176,1873]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[264,1328,173,1874]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Internal anatomy of Andvakia manoloi sp. nov. a) Longitudinal section through distal column, showing marginal sphincter. b) Cross section through mid column, showing a tenaculum and cuticle. c) Cross section through proximal column. Arrow points to fourth cycle mesentery. d) Detail of parietal muscle. e) Cross section of the column at the actinopharynx; the holotype display the same arrange shown in the image. Abbreviations: A, actinopharynx; C, cuticle, D, directive mesenteries; G, gastrodermis; Me, mesogloea; S, sphincter; T, tenaculum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/221501/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">3</figureCitation>
a). Cuticle covers scapus and scapulus (
<figureCitation id="13032FC9FFDBFFECFD26815FB4BAFDC2" box="[645,715,553,577]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,2002,2025]" captionTargetBox="[303,1294,187,1987]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[303,1295,187,1988]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. External anatomy of Andvakia manoloi sp. nov. Arrow points to tenaculum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/221500/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13032FC9FFDBFFECFD7B815FB494FDC2" box="[728,741,553,577]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1886,1909]" captionTargetBox="[264,1327,176,1873]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[264,1328,173,1874]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Internal anatomy of Andvakia manoloi sp. nov. a) Longitudinal section through distal column, showing marginal sphincter. b) Cross section through mid column, showing a tenaculum and cuticle. c) Cross section through proximal column. Arrow points to fourth cycle mesentery. d) Detail of parietal muscle. e) Cross section of the column at the actinopharynx; the holotype display the same arrange shown in the image. Abbreviations: A, actinopharynx; C, cuticle, D, directive mesenteries; G, gastrodermis; Me, mesogloea; S, sphincter; T, tenaculum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/221501/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">3</figureCitation>
a, 3b). Scapus brown, with tenaculi to which sand and gravel attach (
<figureCitation id="13032FC9FFDBFFECFF488138B743FDE5" box="[235,306,590,614]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,2002,2025]" captionTargetBox="[303,1294,187,1987]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[303,1295,187,1988]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. External anatomy of Andvakia manoloi sp. nov. Arrow points to tenaculum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/221500/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). Scapulus lighter brown, without tenaculi or attached particles. Capitulum white, without tenaculi (
<figureCitation id="13032FC9FFDBFFECFF3C8104B695FD09" box="[159,228,626,650]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,2002,2025]" captionTargetBox="[303,1294,187,1987]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[303,1295,187,1988]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. External anatomy of Andvakia manoloi sp. nov. Arrow points to tenaculum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/221500/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13032FC9FFDBFFECFF4C8104B68CFD09" box="[239,253,626,650]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1886,1909]" captionTargetBox="[264,1327,176,1873]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[264,1328,173,1874]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Internal anatomy of Andvakia manoloi sp. nov. a) Longitudinal section through distal column, showing marginal sphincter. b) Cross section through mid column, showing a tenaculum and cuticle. c) Cross section through proximal column. Arrow points to fourth cycle mesentery. d) Detail of parietal muscle. e) Cross section of the column at the actinopharynx; the holotype display the same arrange shown in the image. Abbreviations: A, actinopharynx; C, cuticle, D, directive mesenteries; G, gastrodermis; Me, mesogloea; S, sphincter; T, tenaculum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/221501/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">3</figureCitation>
a). When contracted, capitulum and scapulus covered by scapus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B87334CFFDBFFECFF6481E1B2BAFD57" blockId="3.[151,1437,258,1239]" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
Tentacles very fragile, white (preserved specimens), most inverted in preservation, very difficult to count, 36 (but probably 48 according to number of mesenteries), small to
<quantity id="4CC09EA9FFDBFFECFCC281CAB5C8FD57" box="[865,953,700,724]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
, inner longer than outer.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B87334CFFDBFFECFF648197B731FBC7" blockId="3.[151,1437,258,1239]" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
<emphasis id="B94CEF5EFFDBFFECFF648197B7D1FD7A" bold="true" box="[199,416,737,761]" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Internal anatomy.</emphasis>
Twenty four pairs of mesenteries (48 mesenteries) in three cycles plus fourth incomplete cycle (6+6+12+24?=48). First cycle perfect (two specimens had only five pairs perfect). At actinopharynx, only mesenteries of second cycle with filaments (
<figureCitation id="13032FC9FFDBFFECFD1A805CB575FCC1" box="[697,772,810,834]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1886,1909]" captionTargetBox="[264,1327,176,1873]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[264,1328,173,1874]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Internal anatomy of Andvakia manoloi sp. nov. a) Longitudinal section through distal column, showing marginal sphincter. b) Cross section through mid column, showing a tenaculum and cuticle. c) Cross section through proximal column. Arrow points to fourth cycle mesentery. d) Detail of parietal muscle. e) Cross section of the column at the actinopharynx; the holotype display the same arrange shown in the image. Abbreviations: A, actinopharynx; C, cuticle, D, directive mesenteries; G, gastrodermis; Me, mesogloea; S, sphincter; T, tenaculum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/221501/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
e). Two pairs directives, one attached to more or less differentiated siphonoglyph, second attached to smooth part of actinopharynx. At least a few more mesenteries proximally than distally (
<figureCitation id="13032FC9FFDBFFECFE628002B478FC0F" box="[449,521,884,908]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1886,1909]" captionTargetBox="[264,1327,176,1873]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[264,1328,173,1874]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Internal anatomy of Andvakia manoloi sp. nov. a) Longitudinal section through distal column, showing marginal sphincter. b) Cross section through mid column, showing a tenaculum and cuticle. c) Cross section through proximal column. Arrow points to fourth cycle mesentery. d) Detail of parietal muscle. e) Cross section of the column at the actinopharynx; the holotype display the same arrange shown in the image. Abbreviations: A, actinopharynx; C, cuticle, D, directive mesenteries; G, gastrodermis; Me, mesogloea; S, sphincter; T, tenaculum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/221501/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
c). Retractor muscles strong, restricted (
<figureCitation id="13032FC9FFDBFFECFC428002B258FC0F" box="[993,1065,884,908]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1886,1909]" captionTargetBox="[264,1327,176,1873]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[264,1328,173,1874]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Internal anatomy of Andvakia manoloi sp. nov. a) Longitudinal section through distal column, showing marginal sphincter. b) Cross section through mid column, showing a tenaculum and cuticle. c) Cross section through proximal column. Arrow points to fourth cycle mesentery. d) Detail of parietal muscle. e) Cross section of the column at the actinopharynx; the holotype display the same arrange shown in the image. Abbreviations: A, actinopharynx; C, cuticle, D, directive mesenteries; G, gastrodermis; Me, mesogloea; S, sphincter; T, tenaculum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/221501/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
e). Second cycle and additional mesenteries without retractors. Parietal muscles strong, asymmetrical (
<figureCitation id="13032FC9FFDBFFECFC0F80EFB59FFC32" box="[940,1006,921,945]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1886,1909]" captionTargetBox="[264,1327,176,1873]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[264,1328,173,1874]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Internal anatomy of Andvakia manoloi sp. nov. a) Longitudinal section through distal column, showing marginal sphincter. b) Cross section through mid column, showing a tenaculum and cuticle. c) Cross section through proximal column. Arrow points to fourth cycle mesentery. d) Detail of parietal muscle. e) Cross section of the column at the actinopharynx; the holotype display the same arrange shown in the image. Abbreviations: A, actinopharynx; C, cuticle, D, directive mesenteries; G, gastrodermis; Me, mesogloea; S, sphincter; T, tenaculum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/221501/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
d), present only on mesenteries of first cycle. Marginal sphincter muscle mesogloeal, strong, reticulate, occupying entire width of mesogloea in upper part of scapulus and lower half of capitulum (
<figureCitation id="13032FC9FFDBFFECFDC18094B4D5FC79" box="[610,676,994,1018]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1886,1909]" captionTargetBox="[264,1327,176,1873]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[264,1328,173,1874]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Internal anatomy of Andvakia manoloi sp. nov. a) Longitudinal section through distal column, showing marginal sphincter. b) Cross section through mid column, showing a tenaculum and cuticle. c) Cross section through proximal column. Arrow points to fourth cycle mesentery. d) Detail of parietal muscle. e) Cross section of the column at the actinopharynx; the holotype display the same arrange shown in the image. Abbreviations: A, actinopharynx; C, cuticle, D, directive mesenteries; G, gastrodermis; Me, mesogloea; S, sphincter; T, tenaculum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/221501/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
a). Longitudinal muscles of tentacles and radial muscles of oral disc ectodermal. Acontia short, poorly coiled, white, on mesenteries of first, second, and third cycle. Basilar muscles absent (
<figureCitation id="13032FC9FFDBFFECFF4D875AB742FBC7" box="[238,307,1068,1092]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1349,1372]" captionTargetBox="[226,1360,193,1326]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[226,1361,193,1328]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Cross section showing the junction between proximal end and a mesentery. Images a and b, and c and d correspond to the same specimens respectively. M, mesentery." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/221502/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32260C7FFDBFFEBFF648726B4EFFA7C" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="153" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B87334CFFDBFFECFF648726B43DFBEA" blockId="3.[151,1437,258,1239]" box="[199,588,1104,1129]" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
<emphasis id="B94CEF5EFFDBFFECFF648726B43DFBEA" bold="true" box="[199,588,1104,1129]" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Cnidom and cnidae distribution.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B87334CFFDBFFECFF648700B351FB54" blockId="3.[151,1437,258,1239]" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
Spirocysts, basitrichs, microbasic
<emphasis id="B94CEF5EFFDBFFECFDE48701B424FB0D" box="[583,597,1143,1166]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">p</emphasis>
-mastigophores and microbasic
<emphasis id="B94CEF5EFFDBFFECFC1E8701B5BAFB0D" box="[957,971,1143,1166]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">p</emphasis>
-amastigophores (
<figureCitation id="13032FC9FFDBFFECFB378700B2A8FB0D" box="[1172,1241,1142,1166]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1432,1455]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,195,1410]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,195,1411]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Cnidae of Andvakia manoloi sp. nov. a) Spirocyst. b) Spirocyst. c) Basitrich. d) Microbasic p - mastigophore. e) Spirocyst. f) Basitrich. g) Basitrich. h) Microbasic p - mastigophore. i) Basitrich. j) Basitrich. k) Microbasic p - mastigophore. l) Basitrich. m) Basitrich. n) Microbasic p - mastigophore. o) Microbasic p - mastigophore. p) Basitrich. q) Basitrich. r) Microbasic p - amastigophore." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/221503/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
). See
<tableCitation id="C6BA06F7FFDBFFECFABC8700B302FB0D" box="[1311,1395,1142,1166]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,239,1287,1311]" captionTargetBox="[160,1428,1408,1914]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 1. Size ranges of the cnidae of Andvakia manoloi sp. nov.: mean length by mean width of capsules. MN: mean. SD: standard deviation. n: number of capsules measured. N: number of specimens in which each cnidae was found / total number of specimens examined. Abbreviations: M, Microbasic. Data shown in the table are those of the holotype." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF4763C4FFDBFFECFF348671B326FADC" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" tableUuid="DF4763C4FFDBFFECFF348671B326FADC">Table 1</tableCitation>
for distribution and size. Despite making several preparations from tentacles of both specimens, I found no cnidocysts, probably because the epidermis was detached, so data for cnidae of tentacles are from a third specimen.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF4763C4FFDBFFECFF348671B326FADC" ID-Table-UUID="DF4763C4FFDBFFECFF348671B326FADC" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF4763C4FFDBFFECFF348671B326FADC" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" targetBox="[160,1428,1408,1914]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="8B87334CFFDBFFECFF348671B326FADC" blockId="3.[151,1437,1287,1375]" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
<emphasis id="B94CEF5EFFDBFFECFF348671B77BFA9C" bold="true" box="[151,266,1287,1311]" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
Size ranges of the cnidae of
<taxonomicName id="4C3848CFFFDBFFECFDE2867EB575FA9C" box="[577,772,1288,1311]" class="Anthozoa" family="Andvakiidae" genus="Andvakia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="manoloi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94CEF5EFFDBFFECFDE2867EB575FA9C" box="[577,772,1288,1311]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Andvakia manoloi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27F5225FFDBFFECFCAF867EB513FA9C" box="[780,866,1288,1311]" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
: mean length by mean width of capsules. MN: mean. SD: standard deviation. n: number of capsules measured. N: number of specimens in which each cnidae was found / total number of specimens examined. Abbreviations: M, Microbasic. Data shown in the table are those of the holotype.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B87334CFFDBFFECFD8586F7B3F9F8F9" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
<table id="F938C1ECFFDB0010FF0386F6B3E5F8F9" box="[160,1428,1408,1914]" gridcols="5" gridrows="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
<tr id="3508310EFFDB0010FF0386F6B3E5FA14" box="[160,1428,1408,1431]" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="76D95872FFDB0010FD8586F6B595FA14" box="[550,996,1408,1431]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Range of length and width of capsules (µm)</th>
<th id="76D95872FFDB0010FB8686F6B28EFA14" box="[1061,1279,1408,1431]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">MN ± SD</th>
<th id="76D95872FFDB0010FA8A86F6B332FA14" box="[1321,1347,1408,1431]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">n</th>
<th id="76D95872FFDB0010FACB86F6B3E5FA14" box="[1384,1428,1408,1431]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">N</th>
</tr>
<tr id="3508310EFFDB0010FF0386DBB3E5FA41" box="[160,1428,1453,1474]" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
<th id="76D95872FFDB0010FF0386DBB717FA41" box="[160,358,1453,1474]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
<emphasis id="B94CEF5EFFDBFFECFF0386DBB776FA41" bold="true" box="[160,263,1453,1474]" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Tentacles</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="3508310EFFDB0010FF0386AEB3E5F91D" box="[160,1428,1496,1694]" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
<th id="76D95872FFDB0010FF0386AEB717F91D" box="[160,358,1496,1694]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
Spirocysts Basitrichs
<emphasis id="B94CEF5EFFDBFFECFF038546B764F9C4" bold="true" box="[160,277,1584,1607]" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Capitulum</emphasis>
Spirocysts Basitrichs
</th>
<td id="76D95872FFDB0010FD8586AEB595F91D" box="[550,996,1496,1694]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">(13.9–36.3) x (1.7–4.3) (26.9 x 2.9) (13.8–21.4) x (2.1–2.9) (10.0–13.6) x (1.5–3.0)</td>
<td id="76D95872FFDB0010FB8686AEB28EF91D" box="[1061,1279,1496,1694]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">20.3 ± 5.3 x 2.9 ± 0.7 -- 18.0 ± 3.8 x 2.5 ± 0.4 10.5 ± 1.6 x 2.0 ± 0.6</td>
<td id="76D95872FFDB0010FA8A86AEB332F91D" box="[1321,1347,1496,1694]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">25 1 3 6</td>
<td id="76D95872FFDB0010FACB86AEB3E5F91D" box="[1384,1428,1496,1694]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">1/3 1/3 1/2 1/2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3508310EFFDB0010FF0385C2B3E5F8F9" box="[160,1428,1716,1914]" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
<th id="76D95872FFDB0010FF0385C2B717F8F9" box="[160,358,1716,1914]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
M
<emphasis id="B94CEF5EFFDBFFECFF1E85C0B6BBF948" box="[189,202,1718,1739]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">p</emphasis>
-mastigophores
<emphasis id="B94CEF5EFFDBFFECFF038596B69DF974" bold="true" box="[160,236,1760,1783]" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Scapus</emphasis>
Spirocysts Basitrichs I Basitrichs II
</th>
<td id="76D95872FFDB0010FD8585C2B595F8F9" box="[550,996,1716,1914]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">(12.4–15.4) x (3.0–4.7) (15.0–25.8) x (2.3–3.8) (8.6–17.1) x (1.4–3.8) (25.7–38.2) x (2.9–4.5)</td>
<td id="76D95872FFDB0010FB8685C2B28EF8F9" box="[1061,1279,1716,1914]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">13.8 ± 0.8 x 4.0 ±0.4 20.7 ± 3.9 x 3.0 ± 0.6 15.0 ± 2.2 x 3.0 ± 0.7 33.7 ± 4.6 x 3.7 ± 0.6</td>
<td id="76D95872FFDB0010FA8A85C2B332F8F9" box="[1321,1347,1716,1914]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">28 8 12 6</td>
<td id="76D95872FFDB0010FACB85C2B3E5F8F9" box="[1384,1428,1716,1914]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">1/2 2/2 2/2 2/2</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B87334CFFDBFFECFF0384E7B3F9F825" blockId="3.[160,1428,1936,1998]" box="[160,1416,1936,1959]" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
M
<emphasis id="B94CEF5EFFDBFFECFF1E84E4B6BBF824" box="[189,202,1938,1959]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">p</emphasis>
-mastigophores (28.1–32.4) x (3.0–3.7) 29.7 ± 2.3 x 3.5 ± 0.4 3 1/2
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B87334CFFDBFFEBFBE584C1B5D5FBF1" blockId="3.[160,1428,1936,1998]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,862,1751]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="153" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
<emphasis id="B94CEF5EFFDBFFECFBE584C1B3E5F84D" box="[1094,1428,1975,1998]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">...... continued on the next page</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B94CEF5EFFDCFFEBFF648028B425FCF4" bold="true" box="[199,596,862,887]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Distribution and natural history.</emphasis>
Members of
<taxonomicName id="4C3848CFFFDCFFEBFD528029B5B0FCF4" box="[753,961,863,887]" class="Anthozoa" family="Andvakiidae" genus="Andvakia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="manoloi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94CEF5EFFDCFFEBFD528029B5B0FCF4" box="[753,961,863,887]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Andvakia manoloi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27F5225FFDCFFEBFC6A8016B253FCF4" box="[969,1058,864,887]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
are inconspicuous inhabitants of the upper intertidal zone of the rocky intertidal zone of Punta Colorada. The beach has a strong wave action and semidiurnal tidal regime with an average tide amplitude of 6.01 meters (Servicio de Hidrografia Naval).The nine specimens were found together more or less strongly attached to the rocky wall of a small cave covered by the mussel
<taxonomicName id="4C3848CFFFDCFFEBFF488099B414FB84" authority="Lamark" authorityName="Lamark" box="[235,613,1007,1031]" class="Bivalvia" family="Mytilidae" genus="Perumytilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mytiloida" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="purpuratus">
<emphasis id="B94CEF5EFFDCFFEBFF488099B785FB84" box="[235,500,1007,1031]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Perumytilus purpuratus</emphasis>
(Lamark)
</taxonomicName>
and sand, protected from the wave action. During low tide, the specimens remained exposed to the air, but always away from sunlight and sight, so the specimens were discovered by touch. The record of
<taxonomicName id="4C3848CFFFDCFFEBFE988741B478FBCC" box="[315,521,1079,1103]" class="Anthozoa" family="Andvakiidae" genus="Andvakia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="manoloi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94CEF5EFFDCFFEBFE988741B478FBCC" box="[315,521,1079,1103]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Andvakia manoloi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27F5225FFDCFFEBFDB2874EB418FBCC" box="[529,617,1080,1103]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
in Argentinean waters represents the first record of the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C3848CFFFDCFFEBFA918741B3EDFBCC" box="[1330,1436,1079,1103]" class="Anthozoa" family="Andvakiidae" genus="Andvakia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94CEF5EFFDCFFEBFA918741B3EDFBCC" box="[1330,1436,1079,1103]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Andvakia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for the South Atlantic Ocean and the southernmost record worldwide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B87334CFFDCFFEBFF3C83E9B3F9FCA1" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">
<table id="F938C1ECFFDC0010FF3C83E9B3F9FCA0" box="[159,1416,159,803]" gridcols="5" gridrows="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">
<tr id="3508310EFFDC0010FF3C83E9B3F9FF34" box="[159,1416,159,183]" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
<th id="76D95872FFDC0010FF3C83E9B7E8FF34" box="[159,409,159,183]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">
<emphasis id="B94CEF5EFFDCFFEBFF3C83E9B763FF34" bold="true" box="[159,274,159,183]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
(Continued)
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="3508310EFFDC0010FF3C83A6B3F9FF64" box="[159,1416,208,231]" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76D95872FFDC0010FD8583A6B595FF64" box="[550,996,208,231]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Range of length and width of capsules (µm)</td>
<td id="76D95872FFDC0010FB8683A6B28EFF64" box="[1061,1279,208,231]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">MN ± SD</td>
<td id="76D95872FFDC0010FA8A83A6B332FF64" box="[1321,1347,208,231]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">n</td>
<td id="76D95872FFDC0010FACB83A6B3F9FF64" box="[1384,1416,208,231]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">N</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3508310EFFDC0010FF3C838DB3F9FE91" box="[159,1416,251,274]" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
<th id="76D95872FFDC0010FF3C838DB7E8FE91" box="[159,409,251,274]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">
<emphasis id="B94CEF5EFFDCFFEBFF03838DB732FE91" bold="true" box="[160,323,251,274]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Actinopharynx</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="3508310EFFDC0010FF3C825EB3F9FEBC" box="[159,1416,296,319]" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">
<th id="76D95872FFDC0010FF3C825EB7E8FEBC" box="[159,409,296,319]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Basitrichs I</th>
<td id="76D95872FFDC0010FD85825EB595FEBC" box="[550,996,296,319]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">(11.2–14.8) x (1.4–2.0)</td>
<td id="76D95872FFDC0010FB86825EB28EFEBC" box="[1061,1279,296,319]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">13.9 ± 1.8 x 1.7 ± 0.3</td>
<td id="76D95872FFDC0010FA8A825EB332FEBC" box="[1321,1347,296,319]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">4</td>
<td id="76D95872FFDC0010FACB825EB3F9FEBC" box="[1384,1416,296,319]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">2/2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3508310EFFDC0010FF3C8222B3F9FEE9" box="[159,1416,340,362]" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">
<th id="76D95872FFDC0010FF3C8222B7E8FEE9" box="[159,409,340,362]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Basitrichs II</th>
<td id="76D95872FFDC0010FD858222B595FEE9" box="[550,996,340,362]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">(21.9–24.2) x (2.4–3.0)</td>
<td id="76D95872FFDC0010FB868222B28EFEE9" box="[1061,1279,340,362]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">22.9 ± 0.7 x 2.7 ± 0.2</td>
<td id="76D95872FFDC0010FA8A8222B332FEE9" box="[1321,1347,340,362]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">9</td>
<td id="76D95872FFDC0010FACB8222B3F9FEE9" box="[1384,1416,340,362]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">2/2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3508310EFFDC0010FF3C82F6B3F9FE14" box="[159,1416,384,407]" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">
<th id="76D95872FFDC0010FF3C82F6B7E8FE14" box="[159,409,384,407]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">
M
<emphasis id="B94CEF5EFFDCFFEBFF1E82F7B6BBFE15" box="[189,202,385,406]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">p</emphasis>
-mastigophores
</th>
<td id="76D95872FFDC0010FD8582F6B595FE14" box="[550,996,384,407]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">(14.1–22.7) x (3.0–4.3)</td>
<td id="76D95872FFDC0010FB8682F6B28EFE14" box="[1061,1279,384,407]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">20.5 ± 2.2 x 2.8 ± 0.4</td>
<td id="76D95872FFDC0010FA8A82F6B332FE14" box="[1321,1347,384,407]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">13</td>
<td id="76D95872FFDC0010FACB82F6B3F9FE14" box="[1384,1416,384,407]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">2/2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3508310EFFDC0010FF3C82DAB3F9FE40" box="[159,1416,428,451]" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
<th id="76D95872FFDC0010FF3C82DAB7E8FE40" box="[159,409,428,451]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">
<emphasis id="B94CEF5EFFDCFFEBFF0382DAB7FBFE40" bold="true" box="[160,394,428,451]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Mesenterial filaments</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="3508310EFFDC0010FF3C82AEB3F9FE6D" box="[159,1416,472,494]" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">
<th id="76D95872FFDC0010FF3C82AEB7E8FE6D" box="[159,409,472,494]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Basitrichs I</th>
<td id="76D95872FFDC0010FD8582AEB595FE6D" box="[550,996,472,494]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">(9.2–20.5) x (1.5–3.9)</td>
<td id="76D95872FFDC0010FB8682AEB28EFE6D" box="[1061,1279,472,494]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">15.9 ± 3.4 x 2.0 ± 0.6</td>
<td id="76D95872FFDC0010FA8A82AEB332FE6D" box="[1321,1347,472,494]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">12</td>
<td id="76D95872FFDC0010FACB82AEB3F9FE6D" box="[1384,1416,472,494]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">2/2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3508310EFFDC0010FF3C8172B3F9FD98" box="[159,1416,516,539]" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">
<th id="76D95872FFDC0010FF3C8172B7E8FD98" box="[159,409,516,539]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Basitrichs II</th>
<td id="76D95872FFDC0010FD858172B595FD98" box="[550,996,516,539]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">(27.0–39.2) x (3.4–3.9)</td>
<td id="76D95872FFDC0010FB868172B28EFD98" box="[1061,1279,516,539]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">33.2 ± 6.1 x 3.7 ± 0.3</td>
<td id="76D95872FFDC0010FA8A8172B332FD98" box="[1321,1347,516,539]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">3</td>
<td id="76D95872FFDC0010FACB8172B3F9FD98" box="[1384,1416,516,539]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">2/2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3508310EFFDC0010FF3C8146B3F9FDC4" box="[159,1416,560,583]" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">
<th id="76D95872FFDC0010FF3C8146B7E8FDC4" box="[159,409,560,583]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">
M
<emphasis id="B94CEF5EFFDCFFEBFF1E8147B6BBFDC5" box="[189,202,561,582]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">p</emphasis>
-mastigophores I
</th>
<td id="76D95872FFDC0010FD858146B595FDC4" box="[550,996,560,583]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">(9.4–18.0) x (3.0–4.5)</td>
<td id="76D95872FFDC0010FB868146B28EFDC4" box="[1061,1279,560,583]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">11.9 ± 1.5 x 3.8 ± 0.4</td>
<td id="76D95872FFDC0010FA8A8146B332FDC4" box="[1321,1347,560,583]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">38</td>
<td id="76D95872FFDC0010FACB8146B3F9FDC4" box="[1384,1416,560,583]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">2/2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3508310EFFDC0010FF3C812AB3F9FDF0" box="[159,1416,604,627]" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">
<th id="76D95872FFDC0010FF3C812AB7E8FDF0" box="[159,409,604,627]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">
M
<emphasis id="B94CEF5EFFDCFFEBFF1E812BB6BBFDF1" box="[189,202,605,626]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">p</emphasis>
-mastigophores II
</th>
<td id="76D95872FFDC0010FD85812AB595FDF0" box="[550,996,604,627]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">(24.9–34.5) x (3.3–4.1)</td>
<td id="76D95872FFDC0010FB86812AB28EFDF0" box="[1061,1279,604,627]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">28.4 ± 2.3 x 3.7 ± 0.7</td>
<td id="76D95872FFDC0010FA8A812AB332FDF0" box="[1321,1347,604,627]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">34</td>
<td id="76D95872FFDC0010FACB812AB3F9FDF0" box="[1384,1416,604,627]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">2/2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3508310EFFDC0010FF3C81FEB3F9FD1C" box="[159,1416,648,671]" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
<th id="76D95872FFDC0010FF3C81FEB7E8FD1C" box="[159,409,648,671]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">
<emphasis id="B94CEF5EFFDCFFEBFF0381FEB685FD1C" bold="true" box="[160,244,648,671]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Acontia</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="3508310EFFDC0010FF3C81C2B3F9FD48" box="[159,1416,692,715]" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">
<th id="76D95872FFDC0010FF3C81C2B7E8FD48" box="[159,409,692,715]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Basitrichs I</th>
<td id="76D95872FFDC0010FD8581C2B595FD48" box="[550,996,692,715]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">(10.3–20.3) x (1.4–2.5)</td>
<td id="76D95872FFDC0010FB8681C2B28EFD48" box="[1061,1279,692,715]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">13.8 ± 4.1 x 1.8 ± 0.4</td>
<td id="76D95872FFDC0010FA8A81C2B332FD48" box="[1321,1347,692,715]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">5</td>
<td id="76D95872FFDC0010FACB81C2B3F9FD48" box="[1384,1416,692,715]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">2/2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3508310EFFDC0010FF3C8196B3F9FD75" box="[159,1416,736,758]" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">
<th id="76D95872FFDC0010FF3C8196B7E8FD75" box="[159,409,736,758]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Basitrichs II</th>
<td id="76D95872FFDC0010FD858196B595FD75" box="[550,996,736,758]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">(33.6–42.7) x (3.3–5.4)</td>
<td id="76D95872FFDC0010FB868196B28EFD75" box="[1061,1279,736,758]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">38.3 ± 2.4 x 4.4 ± 0.5</td>
<td id="76D95872FFDC0010FA8A8196B332FD75" box="[1321,1347,736,758]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">43</td>
<td id="76D95872FFDC0010FACB8196B3F9FD75" box="[1384,1416,736,758]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">2/2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3508310EFFDC0010FF3C807AB3F9FCA0" box="[159,1416,780,803]" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">
<th id="76D95872FFDC0010FF3C807AB7E8FCA0" box="[159,409,780,803]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">
M
<emphasis id="B94CEF5EFFDCFFEBFF1E807BB6BBFCA1" box="[189,202,781,802]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">p</emphasis>
-amastigophores
</th>
<td id="76D95872FFDC0010FD85807AB595FCA0" box="[550,996,780,803]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">(31.3–34.1) x (3.3–5.0)</td>
<td id="76D95872FFDC0010FB86807AB28EFCA0" box="[1061,1279,780,803]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">34.1 ± 1.4 x 4.0 ± 0.4</td>
<td id="76D95872FFDC0010FA8A807AB332FCA0" box="[1321,1347,780,803]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">43</td>
<td id="76D95872FFDC0010FACB807AB3F9FCA0" box="[1384,1416,780,803]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">2/2</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B87334CFFDCFFEBFF648709B35AFA80" blockId="4.[151,1437,862,1751]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">
Despite searching since
<quantity id="4CC09EA9FFDCFFEBFE7E8709B442FB14" box="[477,563,1151,1175]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.097779999999999" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" unit="in" value="2007.0">2007 in</quantity>
both the intertidal and subtidal zone of the patagonic coast from Rio Negro province to Tierra del Fuego province, this was the first and only time that I found this species. The species probably has a broader distribution, but since it is small and looks very similar to the substrata, it is very difficult to locate. It may also occur subtidally. No similar specimens were found in the MACN or MLP collections.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B87334CFFDCFFEBFF648679B4EFFA7C" blockId="4.[151,1437,862,1751]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">
There are no other species belonging to genus
<taxonomicName id="4C3848CFFFDCFFEBFD748679B530FAA4" box="[727,833,1295,1319]" class="Anthozoa" family="Andvakiidae" genus="Andvakia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94CEF5EFFDCFFEBFD748679B530FAA4" box="[727,833,1295,1319]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Andvakia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Argentinean waters, but
<taxonomicName id="4C3848CFFFDCFFEBFBD88679B286FAA4" box="[1147,1271,1295,1319]" class="Anthozoa" family="Andvakiidae" genus="Andvakia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="manoloi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94CEF5EFFDCFFEBFBD88679B286FAA4" box="[1147,1271,1295,1319]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">A. manoloi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27F5225FFDCFFEBFB5C8666B327FAA4" box="[1279,1366,1296,1319]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is not the only sea anemone from
<collectingCountry id="F32F73DCFFDCFFEBFE7B8645B436FAC8" box="[472,583,1331,1355]" name="Argentina" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Argentina</collectingCountry>
with the column covered by cuticle.
<taxonomicName id="4C3848CFFFDCFFEBFC568645B31CFAC8" authority="McMurrich, 1904" authorityName="McMurrich" authorityYear="1904" box="[1013,1389,1331,1355]" class="Anthozoa" family="Sagartiidae" genus="Phellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="exlex">
<emphasis id="B94CEF5EFFDCFFEBFC568645B2F8FAC8" box="[1013,1161,1331,1355]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Phellia exlex</emphasis>
(McMurrich, 1904)
</taxonomicName>
has been recorded from
<collectingCountry id="F32F73DCFFDCFFEBFE218621B783FAEC" box="[386,498,1367,1391]" name="Argentina" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Argentina</collectingCountry>
from
<quantity id="4CC09EA9FFDCFFEBFD9F8621B4F4FAEC" box="[572,645,1367,1391]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
to
<quantity id="4CC09EA9FFDCFFEBFD0C8621B488FAEC" box="[687,761,1367,1391]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" unit="m" value="400.0">400 m</quantity>
deep off Buenos Aires Province (Riemann-Zürneck 1975; Zamponi &amp; Acuña 1991), I compared the specimens found with specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C3848CFFFDCFFEBFB94860AB2E0FA10" box="[1079,1169,1403,1427]" class="Anthozoa" family="Sagartiidae" genus="Phellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="exlex">
<emphasis id="B94CEF5EFFDCFFEBFB94860AB2E0FA10" box="[1079,1169,1403,1427]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">P. exlex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C3848CFFFDCFFEBFB01860DB37DFA10" box="[1186,1292,1403,1427]" class="Anthozoa" family="Andvakiidae" genus="Andvakia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94CEF5EFFDCFFEBFB01860DB37DFA10" box="[1186,1292,1403,1427]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Andvakia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C3848CFFFDCFFEBFAE8860DB757FA34" authority="Gosse, 1858" authorityName="Gosse" authorityYear="1858" class="Anthozoa" family="Sagartiidae" genus="Phellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94CEF5EFFDCFFEBFAE8860DB3EDFA10" box="[1355,1436,1403,1427]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Phellia</emphasis>
Gosse, 1858
</taxonomicName>
differ in the presence of basilar muscles (Daly &amp; Goodwill 2009: 272). Despite the similarities between both species,
<taxonomicName id="4C3848CFFFDCFFEBFE3086B2B799FA58" box="[403,488,1475,1499]" class="Anthozoa" family="Sagartiidae" genus="Phellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="exlex">
<emphasis id="B94CEF5EFFDCFFEBFE3086B2B799FA58" box="[403,488,1475,1499]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">P. exlex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has well developed basilar muscles, so there is no doubt that the specimens found in Punta Colorada cannot be assigned to
<emphasis id="B94CEF5EFFDCFFEBFDE1869EB4E5FA7C" box="[578,660,1511,1535]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">P. e x l e x</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32260C7FFDCFFEBFF64857DB7D7F954" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B87334CFFDCFFEBFF64857DB786F9C4" blockId="4.[151,1437,862,1751]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">
<emphasis id="B94CEF5EFFDCFFEBFF64857DB73FF9A0" bold="true" box="[199,334,1547,1571]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Etymology.</emphasis>
The species is named after Manuel Gallinar Marcos (Manolo), in appreciation for all the time and wisdom he has shared with me.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B87334CFFDCFFEBFF648524B7D7F954" blockId="4.[151,1437,862,1751]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">
<emphasis id="B94CEF5EFFDCFFEBFF648524B55AF9E8" bold="true" box="[199,811,1618,1643]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">
Differential diagnosis of
<taxonomicName id="4C3848CFFFDCFFEBFE528524B4B6F9E8" box="[497,711,1618,1643]" class="Anthozoa" family="Andvakiidae" genus="Andvakia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="manoloi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94CEF5EFFDCFFEBFE528524B4B6F9E8" bold="true" box="[497,711,1618,1643]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Andvakia manoloi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27F5225FFDCFFEBFD738525B55AF9E8" box="[720,811,1619,1643]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
Forty eight tentacles. Six pairs of perfect mesenteries. More mesenteries in proximal part than in distal part of the column. Mesogloeal sphincter strong, reticulated. Retractor muscles of the mesenteries restricted, parietal muscle asymmetrical, strong. Column divided into scapus, scapulus and capitulum.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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