254 lines
33 KiB
XML
254 lines
33 KiB
XML
<document id="CDD428492604A04A2E1098C60D11FCC1" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.1414.1.1" ID-ISSN="11755334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5077005" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1625624770600" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="THANDAR, AHMED S." docDate="2007" docId="038E87BBFF9FFF87D0A18867C59ABC9A" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01414p062.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1414 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1414.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:C4791ACFF01C5C140D2C1A203DB3C9B0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.monograph" docStyleId="C4791ACFF01C5C140D2C1A203DB3C9B0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Holothuria (Lessonothuria) pardalis Selenka 1867" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="20" masterDocId="FFB7FFC3FF8EFF94D0368D25C713B858" masterDocTitle="Additions to the aspidochirotid, molpadid and apodid holothuroids (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) from the east coast of southern Africa, with descriptions of new species" masterLastPageNumber="62" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="18" updateTime="1698992838850" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="BC254D829DB0F7A7FA0876024857F683">Additions to the aspidochirotid, molpadid and apodid holothuroids (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) from the east coast of southern Africa, with descriptions of new species</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="D8EDA7876D02B69240CCA1FA72689855" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="0A42D87635A1E9684A3747D0693026C9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="4B09728CBC47536AA3DE4A6F38C8700B">THANDAR, AHMED S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="4F88132248FEA0EA0ADDC9E7C4FFBE4F">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="BA86BD4E7D980AE2F9F1354AA5FA7BFD">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="37D22F1A950E5C3281E9F15ACFAC70E8">
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<mods:date id="9B3482E7145757B324D8E977BE8C6E32">2007</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="BC3AE12B11D96643BE966D66CD49DB83">2007-03-01</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="87B312E05D1C3657662844048F3CF7C7" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="74294D3589BFABB3CEA77568E5465B81">1414</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="354478FAFA1819258C59CD1A44F4E3A8">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1414.1.1</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="F1429017C056608C9A107E271C0E3434">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="1F50647DB3B1141AB91B6CFDE8B4F22D" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.1414.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B6AF8B43731407982077A65A134CA1B1" type="ISSN">11755334</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="038E87BBFF9FFF87D0A18867C59ABC9A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87BBFF9FFF87D0A18867C59ABC9A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038E87BBFF9FFF87D0A18867C59ABC9A" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<subSubSection id="C33D6526FF9FFF85D0A18867C411BD04" box="[151,770,1346,1372]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9836ADFF9FFF85D0A18867C411BD04" blockId="17.[151,770,1346,1407]" box="[151,770,1346,1372]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<heading id="D0D081C1FF9FFF85D0A18867C411BD04" bold="true" box="[151,770,1346,1372]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D2EFF9FFF85D0A18867C411BD04" authority="Selenka, 1867" authorityName="Selenka" authorityYear="1867" box="[151,770,1346,1372]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pardalis" subGenus="Lessonothuria">
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<emphasis id="B953EABFFF9FFF85D0A18867C411BD04" bold="true" box="[151,770,1346,1372]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis id="B953EABFFF9FFF85D0A18867C55CBD04" bold="true" box="[151,591,1346,1372]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Holothuria (Lessonothuria) pardalis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B5CFF9FFF85D2618867C411BD04" author="Selenka, E." box="[599,770,1346,1372]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="109 - 118" refId="ref30967" refString="Selenka, E. (1867) Nachtrag zu den Beitragen zur Anatomie und Systematik der Holothurien. Zeitschrifte fur wissenschaftliche, Zoologie, 18, 109 - 118." type="journal article" year="1867">Selenka, 1867</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33D6526FF9FFF85D0A18840C7E9BD27" box="[151,250,1381,1407]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9836ADFF9FFF85D0A18840C7E9BD27" blockId="17.[151,770,1346,1407]" box="[151,250,1381,1407]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<figureCitation id="131C2A28FF9FFF85D0A18840C7E9BD27" box="[151,250,1381,1407]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="18.[151,255,1915,1939]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,593,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-126@18.[168,1419,557,1889]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 7. Holothuria (Lessonothuria) pardalis Selenka, 1867. Inhaca. A. pseudobuttons from body wall; B. tables with spinose discs; C. podial rods; D. end-plate; E. tentacle rods. (All drawn to same scale)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5077025" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5077025/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Figure 7</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C33D6526FF9FFF85D0A18890C479BE54" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B9836ADFF9FFF85D0A18890C28FBDB4" blockId="17.[151,1436,1461,1548]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB371183FF9FFF85D0A18890C28FBDB4" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8610BCFF9FFF85D0A18890C551BD94" author="Selenka, E." box="[151,578,1461,1484]" page="336" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1867">
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D2EFF9FFF85D0A18890C551BD94" authority="Selenka, 1867: 336" authorityName="Selenka" authorityPageNumber="336" authorityYear="1867" box="[151,578,1461,1484]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pardalis">
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<emphasis id="B953EABFFF9FFF85D0A18890C67FBD94" box="[151,364,1461,1484]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Holothuria pardalis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B5CFF9FFF85D1458890C551BD94" author="Selenka, E." box="[371,578,1461,1484]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="109 - 118" refId="ref30967" refString="Selenka, E. (1867) Nachtrag zu den Beitragen zur Anatomie und Systematik der Holothurien. Zeitschrifte fur wissenschaftliche, Zoologie, 18, 109 - 118." type="journal article" year="1867">Selenka, 1867: 336</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, pl. 19, fig. 85 (non H.L.
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8610BCFF9FFF85D3648890C315BD94" author="Clark H. L." box="[850,1030,1461,1484]" page="423" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1923">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B5CFF9FFF85D3648890C315BD94" author="Clark H. L." box="[850,1030,1461,1484]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="221 - 435" refId="ref29162" refString="Clark H. L. (1923) The echinoderm fauna of South Africa. Annals of the South African Museum, 13, 221 - 435." type="journal article" year="1923">Clark, 1923: 423</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
=
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D2EFF9FFF85D4158890C225BD94" authority="Ludwig, 1875" authorityName="Ludwig" authorityYear="1875" box="[1059,1334,1461,1484]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="insignis">
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<emphasis id="B953EABFFF9FFF85D4158890C385BD94" box="[1059,1174,1461,1484]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">H. insignis</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B5CFF9FFF85D4AA8890C225BD94" author="Ludwig, H." box="[1180,1334,1461,1484]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="77 - 220" refId="ref29920" refString="Ludwig, H. (1875) Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Holothurien. Arbeite aus dem zoologie zootom. Institut in Wurzburg, 2, 77 - 220." type="journal article" year="1875">Ludwig, 1875</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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).
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8610BCFF9FFF85D0A188F0C45CBDB4" author="Rowe, F. W. E. & Gates, J." box="[151,847,1493,1516]" page="292" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1995">
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D2EFF9FFF85D0A188F0C45CBDB4" authority="Rowe and Gates, 1995: 292" authorityName="Rowe and Gates" authorityPageNumber="292" authorityYear="1995" box="[151,847,1493,1516]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pardalis" subGenus="Lessonothuria">
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<emphasis id="B953EABFFF9FFF85D0A188F0C50DBDB4" box="[151,542,1493,1516]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Holothuria (Lessonothuria) pardalis</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B5CFF9FFF85D21388F0C45CBDB4" author="Rowe, F. W. E. & Gates, J." box="[549,847,1493,1516]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refId="ref30851" refString="Rowe, F. W. E. & Gates, J. (1995) Echinodermata. In: Wells, A. (ed), Zoological catalogue of Australia, Vol. 33, Melbourne, CSIRO Australia, xiii - 510 pp." type="book" year="1995">Rowe and Gates, 1995: 292</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(partim, synonymy);
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8610BCFF9FFF85D40F88F0C3E1BDB4" author="Massin, C." box="[1081,1266,1493,1516]" page="25" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1999">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B5CFF9FFF85D40F88F0C3E1BDB4" author="Massin, C." box="[1081,1266,1493,1516]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="1 - 144" refId="ref30097" refString="Massin, C. (1999) Reef-dwelling Holothuroidea (Echinodermata) of the Spermonde Archipelago (South-West Sulawesi, Indonesia). Zoologische Verhandelingen 329, 1 - 144." type="journal article" year="1999">Massin, 1999: 25</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
(records before
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B9836ADFF9FFF85D0F188D0C479BE54" blockId="17.[151,1436,1461,1548]" box="[199,874,1525,1548]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">1999), fig.18, 19; Samyn, 2003: 40 (records after 1999), fig.16.</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C33D6526FF9FFF87D0A18B18C59ABC9A" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9836ADFF9FFF85D0A18B18C44ABE27" blockId="17.[151,857,1597,1663]" box="[151,857,1597,1663]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3CF0FF9FFF85D0A18B18C44ABE27" box="[151,857,1597,1663]" collectionCode="MCZ" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" specimenCode="MCZ 677" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
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||
<emphasis id="B953EABFFF9FFF85D0A18B18C61ABE0E" box="[151,265,1597,1622]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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||
<typeStatus id="549C880FFF9FFF85D0A18B18C61ABE0E" box="[151,265,1597,1622]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
<specimenCode id="DB819ED6FF9FFF85D08D8B40C63DBE27" box="[187,302,1637,1663]" collectionCode="MCZ" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="Museum">MCZ 677</specimenCode>
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(designated by Rowe, in
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B5CFF9FFF85D26F8B40C45FBE27" author="Rowe, F. W. E. & Gates, J." box="[601,844,1637,1663]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refId="ref30851" refString="Rowe, F. W. E. & Gates, J. (1995) Echinodermata. In: Wells, A. (ed), Zoological catalogue of Australia, Vol. 33, Melbourne, CSIRO Australia, xiii - 510 pp." type="book" year="1995">Rowe & Gates 1995</bibRefCitation>
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||
).
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</materialsCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B9836ADFF9FFF85D0A18B93C44ABEAF" blockId="17.[151,857,1718,1783]" box="[151,857,1718,1783]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3CF0FF9FFF85D0A18B93C446BEAF" box="[151,853,1718,1783]" collectionCode="MCZ" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" specimenCode="MCZ 676" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paralectotype">
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||
<emphasis id="B953EABFFF9FFF85D0A18B93C628BE97" box="[151,315,1718,1743]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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||
<typeStatus id="549C880FFF9FFF85D0A18B93C628BE97" box="[151,315,1718,1743]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
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||
<specimenCode id="DB819ED6FF9FFF85D08D8BF8C63DBEAF" box="[187,302,1757,1783]" collectionCode="MCZ" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="Museum">MCZ 676</specimenCode>
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||
(designated by Rowe, in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B5CFF9FFF85D26F8BF8C45FBEAF" author="Rowe, F. W. E. & Gates, J." box="[601,844,1757,1783]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refId="ref30851" refString="Rowe, F. W. E. & Gates, J. (1995) Echinodermata. In: Wells, A. (ed), Zoological catalogue of Australia, Vol. 33, Melbourne, CSIRO Australia, xiii - 510 pp." type="book" year="1995">Rowe & Gates 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9836ADFF9FFF85D0A18A0BC604BF37" blockId="17.[151,301,1838,1903]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EABFFF9FFF85D0A18A0BC63EBF1F" box="[151,301,1838,1863]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Type locality</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E3F84FFF9FFF85D08D8A70C600BF37" box="[187,275,1877,1903]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Hawaii</collectingRegion>
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||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9836ADFF9FFF85D0A18A83C684BFBF" blockId="17.[151,542,1958,2023]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EABFFF9FFF85D0A18A83C50DBFE7" box="[151,542,1958,1983]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Previous southern African record</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F330763DFF9FFF85D08D8AE8C646BFBF" box="[187,341,1997,2023]" name="Mozambique" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
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||
only.
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B9836ADFF9CFF86D0A18DBDC448B882" blockId="18.[151,859,152,218]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EABFFF9CFF86D0A18DBDC666B8E9" box="[151,373,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3CF0FF9CFF86D08D8DE5C448B882" box="[187,859,192,218]" collectingDate="1971-06" collectionCode="UW" location="Ecological Survey" municipality="Inhaca Island" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" specimenCount="4">
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||
<collectionCode id="ED36AE68FF9CFF86D08D8DE5C7FFB882" box="[187,236,192,218]" country="USA" name="University of Washington Fish Collection" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="Museum">UW</collectionCode>
|
||
<location id="8EF86076FF9CFF86D0C58DE5C6DFB882" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87BBFF9FFF87D0A18867C59ABC9A:8EF86076FF9CFF86D0C58DE5C6DFB882" box="[243,460,192,218]" municipality="Inhaca Island" name="Ecological Survey" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Ecological Survey</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFCACD7FF9CFF86D1EE8DE5C564B882" box="[472,631,192,218]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Inhaca Island</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
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||
<date id="FF99106DFF9CFF86D2B58DE5C5EEB882" box="[643,765,192,218]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" value="1971-06">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFDDE985FF9CFF86D2B58DE5C5EEB882" box="[643,765,192,218]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" value="1971-06">June 1971</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D21FD24FF9CFF86D33F8DE5C448B882" box="[777,859,192,218]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="generic">4 spec.</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9836ADFF9CFF86D0A18C35C632B971" blockId="18.[151,1436,272,498]" box="[151,289,272,297]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EABFFF9CFF86D0A18C35C632B971" box="[151,289,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Description</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9836ADFF9CFF86D0F48C1DC6D3B9AA" blockId="18.[151,1436,272,498]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
Specimens small,
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B48FF9CFF86D1AC8C1DC50BB90A" box="[410,536,312,338]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="3.8" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="mm" value="49.0" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="38.0">38–60 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, largest
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B48FF9CFF86D28A8C1DC41CB90A" box="[700,783,312,338]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="mm" value="14.0">14 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, vermiform. Colour, in alcohol, uniform pinkishbeige, slightly darker dorsally, speckled with white, indicating accumulation of spicules. Podia small, scattered, better developed ventrally. Mouth anterior, collar absent; anus terminal, surrounded by special anal papillae in five radial clusters. Stone canal short, slightly twisted; madreporite spherical; Polian vesicle single. Cuvierian tubules absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF586625FF9CFF86D0A18A5EC372BFED" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5077025" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5077025" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5077025/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" startId="18.[151,255,1915,1939]" targetBox="[203,1385,593,1882]" targetPageId="18">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9836ADFF9CFF86D0A18A5EC372BFED" blockId="18.[151,1435,1915,1973]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EABFFF9CFF86D0A18A5EC608BFCB" bold="true" box="[151,283,1915,1939]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D2EFF9CFF86D1138A5EC444BFCA" authority="Selenka, 1867" authorityName="Selenka" authorityYear="1867" box="[293,855,1915,1938]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pardalis" subGenus="Lessonothuria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EABFFF9CFF86D1138A5EC5A2BFCA" box="[293,689,1915,1938]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Holothuria (Lessonothuria) pardalis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B5CFF9CFF86D28C8A5EC444BFCA" author="Selenka, E." box="[698,855,1915,1938]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="109 - 118" refId="ref30967" refString="Selenka, E. (1867) Nachtrag zu den Beitragen zur Anatomie und Systematik der Holothurien. Zeitschrifte fur wissenschaftliche, Zoologie, 18, 109 - 118." type="journal article" year="1867">Selenka, 1867</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Inhaca. A. pseudobuttons from body wall; B. tables with spinose discs; C. podial rods; D. end-plate; E. tentacle rods. (All drawn to same scale)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9836ADFF9DFF87D08F8DBDC3EFB992" blockId="19.[151,1437,152,458]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
Table discs of body wall (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A28FF9DFF87D1D58DBDC548B8EA" box="[483,603,152,178]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="18.[151,255,1915,1939]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,593,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-126@18.[168,1419,557,1889]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 7. Holothuria (Lessonothuria) pardalis Selenka, 1867. Inhaca. A. pseudobuttons from body wall; B. tables with spinose discs; C. podial rods; D. end-plate; E. tentacle rods. (All drawn to same scale)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5077025" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5077025/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figure 7B</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B48FF9DFF87D25D8DBDC5F0B8EA" box="[619,739,152,178]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.9" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="4.8" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="59.0" valueMax="70.0" valueMin="48.0">48–70 µm</quantity>
|
||
(mean
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B48FF9DFF87D30F8DBDC49AB8EA" box="[825,905,152,178]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="56.0">56 µm</quantity>
|
||
), with distinctly spinose rim with four central and usually a single series of smaller marginal holes, the latter often reduced, then discs incomplete; spire extremely low,
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B48FF9DFF87D17D8DCDC6D0B95A" box="[331,451,232,258]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.45" metricValueMax="4.8" metricValueMin="4.1" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="44.5" valueMax="48.0" valueMin="41.0">41–48 µm</quantity>
|
||
(mean
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B48FF9DFF87D22C8DCDC57BB95A" box="[538,616,232,258]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="45.0">45 µm</quantity>
|
||
), terminating in few teeth. Pseudobuttons (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A28FF9DFF87D4558DCDC3CEB95A" box="[1123,1245,232,258]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="18.[151,255,1915,1939]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,593,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-126@18.[168,1419,557,1889]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 7. Holothuria (Lessonothuria) pardalis Selenka, 1867. Inhaca. A. pseudobuttons from body wall; B. tables with spinose discs; C. podial rods; D. end-plate; E. tentacle rods. (All drawn to same scale)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5077025" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5077025/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figure 7A</figureCitation>
|
||
) of diverse size,
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B48FF9DFF87D0A18C35C603B972" box="[151,272,272,298]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.55" metricValueMax="6.8" metricValueMin="4.3" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="55.5" valueMax="68.0" valueMin="43.0">43–68 µm</quantity>
|
||
(mean
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B48FF9DFF87D15F8C35C6AAB972" box="[361,441,272,298]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="56.0">56 µm</quantity>
|
||
), and shape, either complete with 3–5 pairs of holes, or incomplete with asymmetrically placed holes, rarely reduced to a single series on one side. Podial deposits include usually elongate,
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B48FF9DFF87D5468C1DC7E0B922" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.39" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="0.48" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="139.0" valueMax="230.0" valueMin="48.0">48– 230 µm</quantity>
|
||
(mean
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B48FF9DFF87D17A8C45C6B8B922" box="[332,427,352,378]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.39" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="139.0">139 µm</quantity>
|
||
), curved rods (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A28FF9DFF87D26D8C45C5C7B922" box="[603,724,352,378]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="18.[151,255,1915,1939]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,593,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-126@18.[168,1419,557,1889]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 7. Holothuria (Lessonothuria) pardalis Selenka, 1867. Inhaca. A. pseudobuttons from body wall; B. tables with spinose discs; C. podial rods; D. end-plate; E. tentacle rods. (All drawn to same scale)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5077025" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5077025/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figure 7C</figureCitation>
|
||
) with one or two perforations at each end, rarely reduced to short rods with more perforations; end-plates (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A28FF9DFF87D2EC8CADC449B9FA" box="[730,858,392,418]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="18.[151,255,1915,1939]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,593,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-126@18.[168,1419,557,1889]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 7. Holothuria (Lessonothuria) pardalis Selenka, 1867. Inhaca. A. pseudobuttons from body wall; B. tables with spinose discs; C. podial rods; D. end-plate; E. tentacle rods. (All drawn to same scale)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5077025" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5077025/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figure 7D</figureCitation>
|
||
) (ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B48FF9DFF87D39F8CADC318B9FA" box="[937,1035,392,418]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="250.0">250 µm</quantity>
|
||
) present. Tentacles with simple, slightly curved, non-perforate rods,
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B48FF9DFF87D20A8C95C5A6B992" box="[572,693,432,458]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="3.1" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="48.0" valueMax="65.0" valueMin="31.0">31–65 µm</quantity>
|
||
(mean
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B48FF9DFF87D33A8C95C44FB992" box="[780,860,432,458]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="43.0">43 µm</quantity>
|
||
), with uneven margins (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A28FF9DFF87D4438C95C3FCB992" box="[1141,1263,432,458]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="18.[151,255,1915,1939]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,593,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-126@18.[168,1419,557,1889]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 7. Holothuria (Lessonothuria) pardalis Selenka, 1867. Inhaca. A. pseudobuttons from body wall; B. tables with spinose discs; C. podial rods; D. end-plate; E. tentacle rods. (All drawn to same scale)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5077025" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5077025/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figure 7E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9836ADFF9DFF87D0A18F25C5AEBA1A" blockId="19.[151,701,512,578]" box="[151,701,512,578]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EABFFF9DFF87D0A18F25C635BA41" box="[151,294,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
Tropical-subtropical Indo-Pacific, 0–?
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D21FD24FF9DFF87D24D8F0DC5AEBA1A" box="[635,701,552,578]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B48FF9DFF87D24D8F0DC5AABA1A" box="[635,697,552,578]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9836ADFF9DFF87D0A18F5DC419BAE2" blockId="19.[151,778,632,698]" box="[151,778,632,698]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EABFFF9DFF87D0A18F5DC7E2BAC9" box="[151,241,632,657]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Habitat</emphasis>
|
||
Benthic, inshore, shallow, sand, mud, coral debris.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9836ADFF9DFF87D0A18FD5C7EDBB51" blockId="19.[151,1436,752,1218]" box="[151,254,752,777]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EABFFF9DFF87D0A18FD5C7EDBB51" box="[151,254,752,777]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9836ADFF9DFF87D0F78E3DC59ABC9A" blockId="19.[151,1436,752,1218]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
This species has a formidable list of synonyms but it is possible that if all extant materials of the various forms are studied, there may be some justification to resurrect some of the names, as was done with
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EABFFF9DFF87D5138E65C7DABBD9" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">H. (L) lineata</emphasis>
|
||
by Rowe (in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B5CFF9DFF87D1508E4DC544BBDA" author="Rowe, F. W. E. & Gates, J." box="[358,599,872,898]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refId="ref30851" refString="Rowe, F. W. E. & Gates, J. (1995) Echinodermata. In: Wells, A. (ed), Zoological catalogue of Australia, Vol. 33, Melbourne, CSIRO Australia, xiii - 510 pp." type="book" year="1995">Rowe & Gates 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The writer, for example, has no difficulty in separating
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D2EFF9DFF87D4DA8E4DC28FBBD9" authorityName="Ludwig" authorityYear="1875" box="[1260,1436,872,897]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="insignis" subGenus="Lessonothuria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EABFFF9DFF87D4DA8E4DC28FBBD9" box="[1260,1436,872,897]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">H. (L.) insignis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D2EFF9DFF87D0EF8EB5C687BBF1" authorityName="Selenka" authorityYear="1867" box="[217,404,912,937]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pardalis" subGenus="Lessonothuria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EABFFF9DFF87D0EF8EB5C687BBF1" box="[217,404,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">H. (L.) pardalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
despite the fact that it is treated as a synonym of the latter species by many workers, including Rowe (op. cit.). The colouration, texture of the body wall, absence of anal papillae and the presence of multilocular plates with jagged or serrated margins in the ventral podia, are all characteristic of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D2EFF9DFF87D57C8EC5C7E1BC79" authorityName="Ludwig" authorityYear="1875" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="insignis" subGenus="Lessonothuria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EABFFF9DFF87D57C8EC5C7E1BC79" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">H. (L.) insignis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. It is for this reason that H.L.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B5CFF9DFF87D279892DC5EABC7A" author="Clark H. L." box="[591,761,1032,1058]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="221 - 435" refId="ref29162" refString="Clark H. L. (1923) The echinoderm fauna of South Africa. Annals of the South African Museum, 13, 221 - 435." type="journal article" year="1923">Clark’s (1923)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D2EFF9DFF87D2C9892DC491BC79" authorityName="Selenka" authorityYear="1867" box="[767,898,1032,1057]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pardalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EABFFF9DFF87D2C9892DC491BC79" box="[767,898,1032,1057]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">H. pardalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, re-examined by the writer, has been assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D2EFF9DFF87D0838915C674BC11" authorityName="Ludwig" authorityYear="1875" box="[181,359,1072,1097]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="insignis" subGenus="Lessonothuria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EABFFF9DFF87D0838915C674BC11" box="[181,359,1072,1097]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">H. (L.) insignis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which should be excluded from the synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D2EFF9DFF87D3808915C37EBC11" authorityName="Selenka" authorityYear="1867" box="[950,1133,1072,1097]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pardalis" subGenus="Lessonothuria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EABFFF9DFF87D3808915C37EBC11" box="[950,1133,1072,1097]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">H. (L.) pardalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The presence or absence of Cuvierian tubules and anal papillae in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D2EFF9DFF87D2B7897DC42ABC29" authorityName="Selenka" authorityYear="1867" box="[641,825,1112,1137]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pardalis" subGenus="Lessonothuria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EABFFF9DFF87D2B7897DC42ABC29" box="[641,825,1112,1137]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">H. (L.) pardalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and its synonyms, should be critically examined in the light of existing
|
||
<typeStatus id="549C880FFF9DFF87D1B089A5C6ABBCC2" box="[390,440,1152,1178]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">type</typeStatus>
|
||
materials, original descriptions, distributions, etc., since such large taxonomic characters cannot be reduced to insignificance.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |