220 lines
30 KiB
XML
220 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document id="099F30EBCA9F2B7B1ADDED6A164ACC70" ID-CLB-Dataset="26937" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4590.5.6" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b8f0b37f-f893-416c-881b-9663bc16e2c7" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2656506" ID-ZooBank="E232C289-9DE1-4C0C-B7E3-113CCCA0101D" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1556720199904" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Zhang, Shimeng, Mound, Laurence A. & Feng, Jinian" docDate="2019" docId="038A8780FFDCEF1BA1AB6C4DFBD5CBD0" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4590.5.6.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4590 (5)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Parascolothrips Mound 1967" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="590" masterDocId="FFB3FFF8FFDEEF18A13C6B08FFBDCF70" masterDocTitle="Sub-family relationships of Bradinothrips Hood and Parascolothrips Mound (Thysanoptera, Thripidae)" masterLastPageNumber="593" masterPageNumber="587" pageNumber="589" updateTime="1698724346376" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="FD6EEAF1BA891C6284136DDD88E8567E" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="B0EFF98F982AAEF18E42353B9A6A3C75">Sub-family relationships of Bradinothrips Hood and Parascolothrips Mound (Thysanoptera, Thripidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="5B0DBB5351935218E20302E8B17C8FE4" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="943DDD0C9DFE95B0B2B5186A3D7FE496">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="96D16F4361A5B0FEC14C9038ADE59563">Zhang, Shimeng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4D15DB1C1D3EBC9440939419EF5842A5">Mound, Laurence A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="775CDF09A16717ADADFAEB00E63191B6">Feng, Jinian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="8C562A1952B136423C8839A533C0CBF6">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="2D9574D1E3DFF7A8B2FB74CDE65AF4CC">
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<mods:date id="8924F55FFC23DF8B73B3E03D1258ABEA">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="CE89A2C608B4470A8F8981D849583E98">2019-05-01</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="CB76E8608D1FF663618D1C6CC83742A8">4590</mods:number>
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<subSubSection id="C339651DFFDCEF1AA1AB6C4DFE05C810" box="[151,440,1861,1888]" pageId="2" pageNumber="589" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9C3696FFDCEF1AA1AB6C4DFE05C810" blockId="2.[151,440,1861,1888]" box="[151,440,1861,1888]" pageId="2" pageNumber="589">
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<heading id="D0D481FAFFDCEF1AA1AB6C4DFE05C810" bold="true" box="[151,440,1861,1888]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="589" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D15FFDCEF1AA1AB6C4DFE05C810" ID-CoL="6GQ3" authority="Mound" authorityName="Mound" authorityYear="1967" box="[151,440,1861,1888]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Parascolothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="589" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B957EA84FFDCEF1AA1AB6C4DFE05C810" bold="true" box="[151,440,1861,1888]" pageId="2" pageNumber="589">
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<emphasis id="B957EA84FFDCEF1AA1AB6C4DFEE8C82F" bold="true" box="[151,341,1861,1887]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="589">Parascolothrips</emphasis>
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Mound
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C339651DFFDCEF1AA1AB6C84FB00C8D2" box="[151,1213,1932,1955]" pageId="2" pageNumber="589" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B9C3696FFDCEF1AA1AB6C84FB00C8D2" blockId="2.[151,1213,1932,1955]" box="[151,1213,1932,1955]" pageId="2" pageNumber="589">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3311B8FFDCEF1AA1AB6C84FB00C8D2" box="[151,1213,1932,1955]" pageId="2" pageNumber="589">
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D15FFDCEF1AA1AB6C84FE42C8D2" ID-CoL="6GQ3" authority="Mound, 1967: 315" authorityName="Mound" authorityPageNumber="315" authorityYear="1967" box="[151,511,1932,1954]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Parascolothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="589" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B957EA84FFDCEF1AA1AB6C84FE87C8D2" box="[151,314,1932,1954]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="589">Parascolothrips</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0A821087FFDCEF1AA07C6C84FE42C8D2" author="Mound, L. A." box="[320,511,1932,1954]" page="315" pageId="2" pageNumber="589" year="1967">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B67FFDCEF1AA07C6C84FE71C8D2" author="Mound, L. A." box="[320,460,1932,1954]" pageId="2" pageNumber="589" pagination="315 - 319" refId="ref3730" refString="Mound, L. A. (1967) A new genus and species of Thysanoptera predatory on mites in Iraq. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 57, 315 - 319. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300050021" type="journal article" year="1967">Mound, 1967</bibRefCitation>
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: 315
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<typeStatus id="54988834FFDCEF1AA3356C85FD86C8D2" box="[521,571,1933,1954]" pageId="2" pageNumber="589">Type</typeStatus>
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species
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D15FFDCEF1AA3AD6C84FB9AC8D2" ID-CoL="4DBL2" authority="Mound, 1967" authorityName="Mound" authorityYear="1967" box="[657,1063,1932,1955]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Parascolothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="589" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="priesneri">
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<emphasis id="B957EA84FFDCEF1AA3AD6C84FC2BC8D3" box="[657,918,1932,1955]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="589">Parascolothrips priesneri</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B67FFDCEF1AA2A06C84FB9AC8D2" author="Mound, L. A." box="[924,1063,1932,1954]" pageId="2" pageNumber="589" pagination="315 - 319" refId="ref3730" refString="Mound, L. A. (1967) A new genus and species of Thysanoptera predatory on mites in Iraq. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 57, 315 - 319. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300050021" type="journal article" year="1967">Mound, 1967</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, by monotypy.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C339651DFFDCEF1BA1AB6CC7FA39CD67" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="590" pageId="2" pageNumber="589" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B9C3696FFDCEF1BA1AB6CC7FA39CD67" blockId="2.[151,1437,1999,2024]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,1184]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="590" pageId="2" pageNumber="589">
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<emphasis id="B957EA84FFDCEF1AA1AB6CC7FEACC898" bold="true" box="[151,273,1999,2024]" pageId="2" pageNumber="589">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Antennae7-segmented, segments III–IV (
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<figureCitation id="13182A13FFDCEF1AA3CD6CC7FC8AC897" box="[753,823,1999,2024]" captionStart="FIGURES 2–9" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1887,1910]" captionTargetBox="[173,1416,193,1876]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[173,1417,193,1876]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 2–9. The paired number on the photos indicates the character states. (2) Parascolothrips priesneri antennal segments II–VII; (3) Bradinothrips musae antennal segments II–VI; (4) Bradinothrips musae meso- and metasternum; (5) Parascolothrips priesneri meso- and metasternum; (6) Parascolothrips priesneri pronotum, meso- and metanotum; (7) Caliothrips tongi head, Character 5 was pointed on ocellar triangle, and character 6 on postocular area; (8) Parascolothrips priesneri sternites VI–VII; (9) Echinothrips americanus tergite V. (10) Dictyothrips betae tergite VI." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2656510/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="589">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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) with forked sense cones, segment IV with one long extra sense cone. Head wider than long, ocellar setae I absent; ocellar triangle smooth, reticulate only behind eyes; ocellar setae III long and within ocellar triangle; at least one pair of postocular setae longer than others; maxillary palps 2-segmented. Pronotum (
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<figureCitation id="13182A13FFDDEF1BA0C96BD7FD84CF88" box="[501,569,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURES 2–9" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1887,1910]" captionTargetBox="[173,1416,193,1876]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[173,1417,193,1876]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 2–9. The paired number on the photos indicates the character states. (2) Parascolothrips priesneri antennal segments II–VII; (3) Bradinothrips musae antennal segments II–VI; (4) Bradinothrips musae meso- and metasternum; (5) Parascolothrips priesneri meso- and metasternum; (6) Parascolothrips priesneri pronotum, meso- and metanotum; (7) Caliothrips tongi head, Character 5 was pointed on ocellar triangle, and character 6 on postocular area; (8) Parascolothrips priesneri sternites VI–VII; (9) Echinothrips americanus tergite V. (10) Dictyothrips betae tergite VI." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2656510/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="590">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
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) wider than long, sculpture weak or absent, two pairs of long posteroangular setae. Mesonotum (
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<figureCitation id="13182A13FFDDEF1BA0456A0CFE7DCE6D" box="[377,448,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 2–9" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1887,1910]" captionTargetBox="[173,1416,193,1876]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[173,1417,193,1876]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 2–9. The paired number on the photos indicates the character states. (2) Parascolothrips priesneri antennal segments II–VII; (3) Bradinothrips musae antennal segments II–VI; (4) Bradinothrips musae meso- and metasternum; (5) Parascolothrips priesneri meso- and metasternum; (6) Parascolothrips priesneri pronotum, meso- and metanotum; (7) Caliothrips tongi head, Character 5 was pointed on ocellar triangle, and character 6 on postocular area; (8) Parascolothrips priesneri sternites VI–VII; (9) Echinothrips americanus tergite V. (10) Dictyothrips betae tergite VI." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2656510/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="590">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
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) reticulate, CPS absent. Metanotum (
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<figureCitation id="13182A13FFDDEF1BA24A6A0CFC00CE6D" box="[886,957,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 2–9" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1887,1910]" captionTargetBox="[173,1416,193,1876]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[173,1417,193,1876]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 2–9. The paired number on the photos indicates the character states. (2) Parascolothrips priesneri antennal segments II–VII; (3) Bradinothrips musae antennal segments II–VI; (4) Bradinothrips musae meso- and metasternum; (5) Parascolothrips priesneri meso- and metasternum; (6) Parascolothrips priesneri pronotum, meso- and metanotum; (7) Caliothrips tongi head, Character 5 was pointed on ocellar triangle, and character 6 on postocular area; (8) Parascolothrips priesneri sternites VI–VII; (9) Echinothrips americanus tergite V. (10) Dictyothrips betae tergite VI." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2656510/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="590">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
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) strongly reticulate, median setae behind anterior margin. Mesosternum and metasternum both with spinula, metasternum furca transverse. Fore wing with costal setae longer than anterior fringe cilia and close to first vein; first and second veins both with complete setal rows; clavus with 2 veinal setae and without discal setae; posterior fringe cilia wavy. Tarsi 1-segmented. Abdominal tergites with broad entire craspedum; microtrichia and ctenidia absent; tergite VIII without posteromarginal comb; tergite IX with only posterior CPS. Sternites also with broad entire craspedum; sternites II– VII with three pairs of posteromarginal setae; sternite VII (
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<figureCitation id="13182A13FFDDEF1BA2156AD4FCD6CE84" box="[809,875,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURES 2–9" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1887,1910]" captionTargetBox="[173,1416,193,1876]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[173,1417,193,1876]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 2–9. The paired number on the photos indicates the character states. (2) Parascolothrips priesneri antennal segments II–VII; (3) Bradinothrips musae antennal segments II–VI; (4) Bradinothrips musae meso- and metasternum; (5) Parascolothrips priesneri meso- and metasternum; (6) Parascolothrips priesneri pronotum, meso- and metanotum; (7) Caliothrips tongi head, Character 5 was pointed on ocellar triangle, and character 6 on postocular area; (8) Parascolothrips priesneri sternites VI–VII; (9) Echinothrips americanus tergite V. (10) Dictyothrips betae tergite VI." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2656510/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="590">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
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) with two pairs of extra setae, all posteromarginal setae submarginal. Male sternites III–VII with “C”-shaped pore plate, tergite IX without two pairs of stout setae.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C339651DFFDDEF1BA1FB692BFBD5CBD0" pageId="3" pageNumber="590" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8B9C3696FFDDEF1BA1FB692BFBF7CD80" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1184]" pageId="3" pageNumber="590">
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<emphasis id="B957EA84FFDDEF1BA1FB692BFE8BCD4C" bold="true" box="[199,310,547,572]" pageId="3" pageNumber="590">
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<emphasis id="B957EA84FFDDEF1BA1FB692BFE93CD4C" bold="true" box="[199,302,547,572]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="590">Remarks</emphasis>
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:
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</emphasis>
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Two species are placed in
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D15FFDDEF1BA356692CFCBACD4D" authorityName="Hood" authorityYear="1954" box="[618,775,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Bradinothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="590" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B957EA84FFDDEF1BA356692CFCBACD4D" box="[618,775,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="590">Bradinothrips</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D15FFDDEF1BA22A692DFC20CD4D" authorityName="Hood" authorityYear="1954" box="[790,925,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Bradinothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="590" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="williamsi">
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<emphasis id="B957EA84FFDDEF1BA22A692DFC20CD4D" box="[790,925,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="590">B. williamsi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D15FFDDEF1BA2E9692DFB81CD4C" authorityName="Hood" authorityYear="1956" box="[981,1084,549,572]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Palleucothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="590" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="musae">
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<emphasis id="B957EA84FFDDEF1BA2E9692DFB81CD4C" box="[981,1084,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="590">B. musae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, both native to the Neotropics. The
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<typeStatus id="54988834FFDDEF1BA1F26940FF43CD10" box="[206,254,584,608]" pageId="3" pageNumber="590">type</typeStatus>
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species,
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D15FFDDEF1BA0516941FE45CD10" authorityName="Hood" authorityYear="1954" box="[365,504,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Bradinothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="590" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="williamsi">
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<emphasis id="B957EA84FFDDEF1BA0516941FE45CD10" box="[365,504,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="590">B. williamsi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, is known from
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<collectingCountry id="F3347606FFDDEF1BA3FF694FFC98CD10" box="[707,805,583,608]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="3" pageNumber="590">Trinidad</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F3347606FFDDEF1BA2086940FC36CD10" box="[820,907,584,608]" name="Guyana" pageId="3" pageNumber="590">Guyana</collectingCountry>
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and
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||
<collectingCountry id="F3347606FFDDEF1BA2F76940FBF0CD10" box="[971,1101,583,608]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="3" pageNumber="590">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54988834FFDDEF1BA5836940FB52CD10" box="[1215,1263,584,608]" pageId="3" pageNumber="590">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species of the synonymic genus from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3347606FFDDEF1BA0906964FDB4CDF5" box="[428,521,620,645]" name="Ecuador" pageId="3" pageNumber="590">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
and southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3347606FFDDEF1BA3886964FD45CDF5" box="[692,760,620,645]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="590">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B67FFDDEF1BA2376964FB96CDF5" author="Mound, L. A. & Marullo, R." box="[779,1067,620,645]" pageId="3" pageNumber="590" pagination="1 - 488" refId="ref3774" refString="Mound, L. A. & Marullo, R. (1996) The Thrips of Central and South America: An Introduction. Memoirs on Entomology, International, 6, 1 - 488." type="journal article" year="1996">Mound & Marullo 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, although nothing is known of the biology of the first species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C234D15FFDDEF1BA3426999FD78CDD8" authorityName="Hood" authorityYear="1956" box="[638,709,657,680]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Palleucothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="590" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="musae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957EA84FFDDEF1BA3426999FD78CDD8" box="[638,709,657,680]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="590">musae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is reported as a minor pest of banana leaves (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B67FFDDEF1BA5E26998FF6ECDBC" author="Lourencao, A. L. & Moreira, R. S. & Rossetto, C. J." pageId="3" pageNumber="590" pagination="1353 - 1356" refId="ref3605" refString="Lourencao, A. L., Moreira, R. S. & Rossetto, C. J. (1981) Palleucothrips musae Hood, 1956 danificando banana o Brasil. Anais do Congresso Brasileiro de Fruticultura 6. Recife, 1353 - 1356." type="journal article" year="1981">
|
||
Lourenção
|
||
<emphasis id="B957EA84FFDDEF1BA45D6999FA28CDD8" box="[1377,1429,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="590">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1981
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). There are also specimens of both sexes in the Australian National Insect Collection, Canberra, collected in 1998 from the leaves of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C234D15FFDDEF1BA09469DFFDF7CD80" box="[424,586,727,752]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Spathiphyllum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="3" pageNumber="590" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957EA84FFDDEF1BA09469DFFDF7CD80" box="[424,586,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="590">Spathiphyllum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. [
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C234D15FFDDEF1BA34169D0FD62CD80" box="[637,735,728,752]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="3" pageNumber="590" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Araceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
] in a greenhouse in Milan,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3347606FFDDEF1BA52D69DFFBFBCD80" box="[1041,1094,727,752]" name="Italy" pageId="3" pageNumber="590">Italy</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C3696FFDDEF1BA1FB69F4FF61CCF0" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1184]" pageId="3" pageNumber="590">
|
||
Initially,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C234D15FFDDEF1BA01369F4FDEFCC64" authorityName="Mound" authorityYear="1967" box="[303,594,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Parascolothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="590" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="priesneri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957EA84FFDDEF1BA01369F4FDEFCC64" box="[303,594,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="590">Parascolothrips priesneri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the only known species in that genus, was reported to be a predator of tetranychid mites on apple trees in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3347606FFDDEF1BA3166828FDE5CC47" box="[554,600,800,823]" name="Iraq" pageId="3" pageNumber="590">Iraq</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B67FFDDEF1BA3546817FCBDCC48" author="Mound, L. A." box="[616,768,799,824]" pageId="3" pageNumber="590" pagination="315 - 319" refId="ref3730" refString="Mound, L. A. (1967) A new genus and species of Thysanoptera predatory on mites in Iraq. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 57, 315 - 319. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300050021" type="journal article" year="1967">Mound 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B67FFDDEF1BA2B66817FB6FCC48" author="Ben-David, T. & Mound, L. A." box="[906,1234,799,824]" pageId="3" pageNumber="590" pagination="38 - 40" refId="ref3288" refString="Ben-David, T. & Mound, L. A. (2016) Predator or plant pest? Observations on Parascolothrips priesneri Mound (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in Israeli apple orchards. Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research, 48, 5532, 38 - 40. https: // doi. org / 10.4081 / jear. 2016.5532" type="journal article" year="2016">Ben-David & Mound (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
deduced that this species is actually phytophagous, and reported it as causing severe feeding damage to the leaves of apple trees in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3347606FFDDEF1BA1AB686FFF64CCF0" box="[151,217,871,896]" name="Israel" pageId="3" pageNumber="590">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C3696FFDDEF1BA1FB6884FBD5CBD0" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1184]" pageId="3" pageNumber="590">
|
||
These two genera share many morphological characters, but
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C234D15FFDDEF1BA2466884FBAACCD5" authorityName="Hood" authorityYear="1954" box="[890,1047,908,933]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Bradinothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="590" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957EA84FFDDEF1BA2466884FBAACCD5" box="[890,1047,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="590">Bradinothrips</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has an enlarged metasternal furca that is absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C234D15FFDDEF1BA04968A7FD94CCB8" authorityName="Mound" authorityYear="1967" box="[373,553,943,968]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Parascolothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="590" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957EA84FFDDEF1BA04968A7FD94CCB8" box="[373,553,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="590">Parascolothrips</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This elongate and forked furca (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13182A13FFDDEF1BA2E768A7FB94CCB8" box="[987,1065,943,968]" captionStart="FIGURES 2–9" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1887,1910]" captionTargetBox="[173,1416,193,1876]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[173,1417,193,1876]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 2–9. The paired number on the photos indicates the character states. (2) Parascolothrips priesneri antennal segments II–VII; (3) Bradinothrips musae antennal segments II–VI; (4) Bradinothrips musae meso- and metasternum; (5) Parascolothrips priesneri meso- and metasternum; (6) Parascolothrips priesneri pronotum, meso- and metanotum; (7) Caliothrips tongi head, Character 5 was pointed on ocellar triangle, and character 6 on postocular area; (8) Parascolothrips priesneri sternites VI–VII; (9) Echinothrips americanus tergite V. (10) Dictyothrips betae tergite VI." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2656510/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="590">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
) occurs mainly in species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C234D15FFDDEF1BA1AB68DCFEECCC9D" box="[151,337,980,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="590" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Dendrothripinae">Dendrothripinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but also in some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C234D15FFDDEF1BA36568DCFC8DCC9D" authorityName="Bagnall" authorityYear="1912" box="[601,816,980,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="590" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Panchaetothripinae">Panchaetothripinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
genera, as well as in one genus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C234D15FFDDEF1BA41468DCFA25CC9D" box="[1320,1432,980,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="590" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Thripinae">Thripinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C234D15FFDDEF1BA1AB68FFFEE5CB60" authorityName="Masumoto & Okajima" authorityYear="2005" box="[151,344,1015,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Trachynotothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="590" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957EA84FFDDEF1BA1AB68FFFEE5CB60" box="[151,344,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="590">Trachynotothrips</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This structure is probably associated with jumping activity (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B67FFDDEF1BA53D68F0FAFDCB60" author="Masumoto, M. & Okajima, S." box="[1025,1344,1015,1040]" pageId="3" pageNumber="590" pagination="53 - 64" refId="ref3652" refString="Masumoto, M. & Okajima, S. (2005) A remarkable new genus of Thripidae (Thysanoptera, Thripidae) with enlarged metathoracic furca, from Southeast Asia. Zootaxa, 1048, 53 - 64." type="journal article" year="2005">Masumoto & Okajima 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and its occurrence in relatively unrelated taxa indicates that it is subject to homoplasy. By contrast, a metasternal spinula is present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C234D15FFDDEF1BA0316F37FE7CCB28" authorityName="Mound" authorityYear="1967" box="[269,449,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Parascolothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="590" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957EA84FFDDEF1BA0316F37FE7CCB28" box="[269,449,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="590">Parascolothrips</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C234D15FFDDEF1BA3566F37FCBACB28" authorityName="Hood" authorityYear="1954" box="[618,775,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Bradinothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="590" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957EA84FFDDEF1BA3566F37FCBACB28" box="[618,775,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="590">Bradinothrips</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A further difference is that the male in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C234D15FFDDEF1BA5EE6F37FAD2CB28" authorityName="Hood" authorityYear="1954" box="[1234,1391,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Bradinothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="590" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957EA84FFDDEF1BA5EE6F37FAD2CB28" box="[1234,1391,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="590">Bradinothrips</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has two pairs of stout setae on tergite IX, and the sternites with very reduced pore plates, whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C234D15FFDDEF1BA5DB6F6CFA21CB0D" authorityName="Mound" authorityYear="1967" box="[1255,1436,1124,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Parascolothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="590" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957EA84FFDDEF1BA5DB6F6CFA21CB0D" box="[1255,1436,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="590">Parascolothrips</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the male has no stout setae on tergite IX and the sternal pore plates are well-developed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |