211 lines
22 KiB
XML
211 lines
22 KiB
XML
<document id="6B3BE7BA1F6087704F6303D91B0ABC5F" ID-CLB-Dataset="58516" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6512484" ID-GBIF-Dataset="67b52095-db4b-43f8-a661-4aced0511111" ID-ISBN="978-84-96553-77-4" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6512484" IM.metadata_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" checkinTime="1651524980884" checkinUser="conny" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2011" docId="03F507139919FFA30644F44DFAB6F5F0" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_2_Bovidae_0444.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 2 Hoofed Mammals, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Alcelaphus caama Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1803" docType="treatment" docVersion="15" lastPageNumber="654" masterDocId="FFCC7F6B994BFFF00316FF82FFEDFF81" masterDocTitle="Bovidae" masterLastPageNumber="779" masterPageNumber="444" pageNumber="653" updateTime="1699330398010" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="B85C7139D3D9BC8DAB9732F5DFBED665" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="77943C3E5C29CFC7CE1F5D8EE62EDAAA">
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<mods:title id="988162D42BD122E927DB146980B1AC61">Bovidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3B27EEA09D00D42FCEA5E53045556109">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7AE69575062F2E9DA242E0671DB1010B">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="CC55FBF7F06ABA763A4432BC61DB0347">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:dateIssued id="4787705DB1A40144C0850236CE141FAF">2011</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther id="A5EF8C72FE186E3BFEEAA2ED92794A61" type="pubDate">2011-08-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="5C51BC519528B6E791D4D24B96E439FE">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="04CCACA2BE115572E6751852F09933AC">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:titleInfo id="6DE24DCE04013A6DC6AAE5B0590A17B4">
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<mods:title id="3DEAD7B3DB59B46436AEC5A2E27DB0C3">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 2 Hoofed Mammals</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="41507B87B3A5F4E751E2014D678A18F1">
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<treatment id="03F507139919FFA30644F44DFAB6F5F0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6581676" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195659398" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6581676" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F507139919FFA30644F44DFAB6F5F0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F507139919FFA30644F44DFAB6F5F0" lastPageId="83" lastPageNumber="654" pageId="82" pageNumber="653">
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E9919FFA20644F44DFA4CF47C" box="[1362,1441,3023,3069]" pageId="82" pageNumber="653" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B6059919FFA20644F44DFA4CF47C" blockId="82.[1356,2173,3023,3147]" box="[1362,1441,3023,3069]" pageId="82" pageNumber="653">
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<heading id="D0AB01699919FFA20644F44DFA4CF47C" box="[1362,1441,3023,3069]" pageId="82" pageNumber="653">
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<figureCitation id="1367AA809919FFA20644F44DFA4CF47C" box="[1362,1441,3023,3069]" captionStart="On" captionStartId="80.[103,133,3387,3408]" captionTargetBox="[12,2756,15,3637]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="On following pages: 147. Swayne's Hartebeest (Alcelaphus swaynel); 148. Kongoni (Alcelaphus coki); 149. Lichtenstein's Hartebeest (Alcelaphus lichtensteinii); 150. Red Hartebeest (Alcelaphus caama); 151. Herola (Beatragus hunter)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6512946" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6512946/files/figure.png" pageId="82" pageNumber="653">150.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E9919FFA206A4F44DF91BF47C" box="[1458,1782,3023,3069]" pageId="82" pageNumber="653" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B6059919FFA206A4F44DF91BF47C" blockId="82.[1356,2173,3023,3147]" box="[1458,1782,3023,3069]" pageId="82" pageNumber="653">
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<heading id="D0AB01699919FFA206A4F44DF91BF47C" box="[1458,1782,3023,3069]" pageId="82" pageNumber="653">
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<vernacularName id="055FC62B9919FFA206A4F44DF91BF47C" box="[1458,1782,3023,3069]" pageId="82" pageNumber="653">Red Hartebeest</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E9919FFA2042FF44DF791F47C" box="[1849,2172,3023,3069]" pageId="82" pageNumber="653" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B6059919FFA2042FF44DF791F47C" blockId="82.[1356,2173,3023,3147]" box="[1849,2172,3023,3069]" pageId="82" pageNumber="653">
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<heading id="D0AB01699919FFA2042FF44DF791F47C" box="[1849,2172,3023,3069]" pageId="82" pageNumber="653">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD869919FFA2042FF44DF791F47C" ID-CoL="BHBZ" authorityName="Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" authorityYear="1803" box="[1849,2172,3023,3069]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Alcelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="82" pageNumber="653" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caama">
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<emphasis id="B9286A179919FFA2042FF44DF791F47C" box="[1849,2172,3023,3069]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="653">Alcelaphus caama</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E9919FFA20658F38DF8C2F3CA" pageId="82" pageNumber="653" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B6059919FFA20658F38DF7A8F3A5" blockId="82.[1356,2173,3023,3147]" box="[1358,2117,3087,3108]" pageId="82" pageNumber="653">
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<heading id="D0AB01699919FFA20658F38DF7A8F3A5" box="[1358,2117,3087,3108]" pageId="82" pageNumber="653">
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<emphasis id="B9286A179919FFA20658F38DFA76F3A5" bold="true" box="[1358,1435,3087,3108]" pageId="82" pageNumber="653">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055FC62B9919FFA206B2F38DF9F7F3A5" box="[1444,1562,3087,3108]" pageId="82" pageNumber="653">Bubale roux</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B9286A179919FFA20538F38DF967F3A5" bold="true" box="[1582,1674,3087,3108]" pageId="82" pageNumber="653">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055FC62B9919FFA20585F38DF8BCF3A5" box="[1683,1873,3087,3108]" pageId="82" pageNumber="653">Kaama-Kuhantilope</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B9286A179919FFA20470F38DF82FF3A5" bold="true" box="[1894,1986,3087,3108]" pageId="82" pageNumber="653">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055FC62B9919FFA204DCF38DF7F7F3A5" box="[1994,2074,3087,3108]" pageId="82" pageNumber="653">Alcelafo</vernacularName>
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rojo
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE3B6059919FFA2065BF3B4F8C2F3CA" blockId="82.[1356,2173,3023,3147]" box="[1357,1839,3126,3147]" pageId="82" pageNumber="653">
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<heading id="D0AB01699919FFA2065BF3B4F8C2F3CA" box="[1357,1839,3126,3147]" pageId="82" pageNumber="653">
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<emphasis id="B9286A179919FFA2065BF3B4F9A9F3CA" bold="true" box="[1357,1604,3126,3147]" pageId="82" pageNumber="653">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055FC62B9919FFA20558F3B4F932F3CA" box="[1614,1759,3126,3147]" pageId="82" pageNumber="653">Rooihartebees</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName id="055FC62B9919FFA205FBF3B4F8C2F3CA" box="[1773,1839,3126,3147]" pageId="82" pageNumber="653">Khama</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E9919FFA2065BF3F8F7A2F31A" box="[1357,2127,3194,3227]" pageId="82" pageNumber="653" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B6059919FFA2065BF3F8F7A2F31A" blockId="82.[1356,2559,3194,3466]" box="[1357,2127,3194,3227]" pageId="82" pageNumber="653">
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<emphasis id="B9286A179919FFA2065BF3F8FA0AF31A" bold="true" box="[1357,1511,3194,3227]" pageId="82" pageNumber="653">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD869919FFA206E4F3F8F7A7F31A" authority="Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1803" authorityName="Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" authorityYear="1803" box="[1522,2122,3194,3227]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Antilope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="82" pageNumber="653" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caama">Antilope caama Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1803</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E9919FFA20B4EF3F8F95DF341" pageId="82" pageNumber="653" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B6059919FFA20B4EF3F8F95DF341" blockId="82.[1356,2559,3194,3466]" pageId="82" pageNumber="653">
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<materialsCitation id="3B34BC589919FFA20B4EF3F8F95DF341" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3785198454" pageId="82" pageNumber="653">
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Agter Bruintjes-Hoogte (Somerset-East,
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<collectingRegion id="499878E79919FFA206F4F31DF94FF341" box="[1506,1698,3231,3264]" country="South Africa" name="Eastern Cape" pageId="82" pageNumber="653">Eastern Cape</collectingRegion>
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).
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E9919FFA2065BF345F958F369" box="[1357,1717,3271,3304]" pageId="82" pageNumber="653" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B6059919FFA2065BF345F958F369" blockId="82.[1356,2559,3194,3466]" box="[1357,1717,3271,3304]" pageId="82" pageNumber="653">This species is monotypic.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E9919FFA2065BF371F618F291" box="[1357,2549,3315,3344]" pageId="82" pageNumber="653" type="distribution">
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<caption id="DF23E68D9919FFA2065BF371F618F291" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6512652" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6512652" box="[1357,2549,3315,3344]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6512652/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="653" targetBox="[199,792,290,704]" targetPageId="83">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B6059919FFA2065BF371F618F291" blockId="82.[1356,2559,3194,3466]" box="[1357,2549,3315,3344]" pageId="82" pageNumber="653">
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<emphasis id="B9286A179919FFA2065BF371FA11F291" bold="true" box="[1357,1532,3315,3344]" pageId="82" pageNumber="653">Distribution.</emphasis>
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N & E
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<collectingCountry id="F34BF6959919FFA20573F371F933F291" box="[1637,1758,3315,3344]" name="Namibia" pageId="82" pageNumber="653">Namibia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F34BF6959919FFA205F8F371F89EF291" box="[1774,1907,3315,3344]" name="Botswana" pageId="82" pageNumber="653">Botswana</collectingCountry>
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, extreme NW
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<collectingCountry id="F34BF6959919FFA20B29F371F73CF291" box="[2111,2257,3315,3344]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="82" pageNumber="653">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
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, and N
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<collectingCountry id="F34BF6959919FFA20A56F371F61CF291" box="[2368,2545,3315,3344]" name="South Africa" pageId="82" pageNumber="653">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E9919FFA3065AF295FE87FAE1" lastPageId="83" lastPageNumber="654" pageId="82" pageNumber="653" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B6059919FFA3065AF295FE87FAE1" blockId="82.[1356,2559,3194,3466]" lastBlockId="83.[201,1409,713,2673]" lastPageId="83" lastPageNumber="654" pageId="82" pageNumber="653">
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<emphasis id="B9286A179919FFA2065AF295F9A6F2B9" bold="true" box="[1356,1611,3351,3384]" pageId="82" pageNumber="653">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Total length 207-220 cm, tail 40-50 cm, shoulder height 120-133 cm, ear 17-20 cm, hindfoot 53-57 cm; weight 131-165 kg (males) and 105-136 kg (females). Thereis little difference in linear dimensions between the sexes, but males are very much heavier. The Red Hartebeestis smaller than Lichtenstein’s Hartebeest (
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<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD869918FFA3008CFEEBFB99FE07" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[922,1140,361,390]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Antilope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="83" pageNumber="654" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lichtensteinii">A. lichtensteinii</taxonomicName>
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), but the sexual difference in weight is greater. Diploid chromosomes number 40. This species has by far the longest horns relative to skull length, and a very heavy skull relative to its length, even heavier than in the Lelwel Hartebeest (
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<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD869918FFA30755FDD7FB5BFDF3" baseAuthorityName="Heuglin" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[1091,1206,597,626]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Acronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="83" pageNumber="654" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lelwel">A. lelwel</taxonomicName>
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); it is also one of the most sexually dimorphic species in horn circumference, pedicle height, and skull weight. The horns rise straight up from their very long pedicles, and curve forward and then back almost at right angles. The space between them is less even than in the Lelwel Hartebeest; they are strongly ridged for most of their length. Limited data indicate that the frontal sinuses in the male may penetrate as much as 5% of the horn, more than in other hartebeest. Greatest skull length is 46:4-50.
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<quantity id="4CA41BE09918FFA307BCFCECFB02FC06" box="[1194,1263,878,903]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="83" pageNumber="654" unit="cm" value="5.0">5 cm</quantity>
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in males, horn span is 87% of basal length, and least frontal width is 75-79% of biorbital width. Preorbital secretion is black and sticky; because of shoulder-wiping, the shoulders are typically streaked with black. The body color is reddish-brown to yellow-tawny, with a tendency for the dorsal region to be somewhat darker, forming a poorly marked “saddle” that is better expressed in the male than in the female. The rump is pale yellow or off-white, looking white at a distance. A dark patch extends from the front of the shoulders to the knees or even the hooves; there is also a dark patch on the front of hindlegs as far as the hocks and sometimes to the hooves. The forehead and top of the muzzle are black, separated by a broad band of reddish-brown between and in front of the eyes, and there is a black patch behind the horn pedicles, extending around to the sides of the face behind the eyes. The underparts are slightly paler than the upperparts.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E9918FFA303DCFAE7FE6AFA57" pageId="83" pageNumber="654" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B6059918FFA303DCFAE7FE6AFA57" blockId="83.[201,1409,713,2673]" pageId="83" pageNumber="654">
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<emphasis id="B9286A179918FFA303DCFAE7FED4FA07" bold="true" box="[202,313,1381,1414]" pageId="83" pageNumber="654">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Grassland, especially on floodplains, and in semi-desert with scattered low bushes. The range tends to be limited by more closed woodland and by the lack of surface water.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E9918FFA303DCFA5DFC2EF9CA" pageId="83" pageNumber="654" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B6059918FFA303DCFA5DFC2EF9CA" blockId="83.[201,1409,713,2673]" pageId="83" pageNumber="654">
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||
<emphasis id="B9286A179918FFA303DCFA5DFE3BFA7D" bold="true" box="[202,470,1503,1532]" pageId="83" pageNumber="654">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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They are selective grazers but turn to browse toward the end of the dry season; overall, browse has been found to make up 40-44% of the diet. In the Kalahari, they eat melons and dig up roots and tubers.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E9918FFA303DDF9D3FE5DF82F" pageId="83" pageNumber="654" type="breeding">
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||
<paragraph id="8BE3B6059918FFA303DDF9D3FE5DF82F" blockId="83.[201,1409,713,2673]" pageId="83" pageNumber="654">
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<emphasis id="B9286A179918FFA303DDF9D3FEBEF9F3" bold="true" box="[203,339,1617,1650]" pageId="83" pageNumber="654">Breeding.</emphasis>
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Breeding is seasonal, and estrus apparently lasts just one day. The rut is March-April in South Africa’s
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<collectingRegion id="499878E79918FFA30187F9FAFC2FF918" box="[657,962,1656,1689]" country="Botswana" name="North West" pageId="83" pageNumber="698">North West Province</collectingRegion>
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, but earlier in the
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<collectingRegion id="499878E79918FFA307F4F9FAFA9BF918" box="[1250,1398,1656,1689]" country="South Africa" name="Free State" pageId="83" pageNumber="654">Free State</collectingRegion>
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. The male checks reproductive readiness of his females by vulval sniffing; courtship is performed by advancing with outstretched head, ears lowered, then nudging the female with his snout. Gestation is eight months. The female has her first calf at about three; she gives birth in a vegetative area, and keeps the calf hidden, visiting it to suckle and lick up its urine and feces. The calves begin to eat grass by two weeks, although they suckle for up to eight months. As they grow, they tend to form groups within the herd.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E9918FFA303DDF831FB18F7A2" pageId="83" pageNumber="654" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE3B6059918FFA303DDF831FB18F7A2" blockId="83.[201,1409,713,2673]" pageId="83" pageNumber="654">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9286A179918FFA303DDF831FE5AF855" bold="true" box="[203,439,1971,2004]" pageId="83" pageNumber="654">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
They are most active in early morning and late afternoon, but may graze throughout the day when the weather is cool. When running, a herd tends to swerve to left and right alternately, probably confusing predators in this way.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C346E58E9918FFA303DBF7ABFE4FF6B6" pageId="83" pageNumber="654" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE3B6059918FFA303DBF7ABFE4FF6B6" blockId="83.[201,1409,713,2673]" pageId="83" pageNumber="654">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9286A179918FFA303DBF7ABFC43F7CB" bold="true" box="[205,942,2089,2122]" pageId="83" pageNumber="654">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
Red Hartebeest were formerly reported moving in herds of thousands, and they still aggregate into herds of a few hundred at suitable feeding grounds, though most of the herds number about 20. Territorial males herd females into loose harem groups, and when the territorial male is temporarily absent, a female may lead the harem. There are bachelor herds in peripheral areas, although in some regions, such as the dry country of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34BF6959918FFA3078FF76CFAF3F68E" box="[1177,1310,2286,2319]" name="Botswana" pageId="83" pageNumber="654">Botswana</collectingCountry>
|
||
, males may be solitary.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C346E58E9918FFA303D8F6C2FABCF5C8" pageId="83" pageNumber="654" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE3B6059918FFA303D8F6C2FABCF5C8" blockId="83.[201,1409,713,2673]" pageId="83" pageNumber="654">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9286A179918FFA303D8F6C2FDC0F6DC" bold="true" box="[206,557,2368,2397]" pageId="83" pageNumber="654">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List (as A.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD869918FFA3064CF6C2FED6F605" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Alcelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="83" pageNumber="654" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="buselaphus">buselaphus</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD869918FFA30253F6E1FE70F605" box="[325,413,2403,2436]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Antilope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="83" pageNumber="654" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caama">caama</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Formerly from Cape Town north to the Limpopo River and the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34BF6959918FFA30656F6E1FECBF62D" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="83" pageNumber="654">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
|
||
border, and north-west through
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34BF6959918FFA301E9F611FC6FF62D" box="[767,898,2451,2476]" name="Botswana" pageId="83" pageNumber="654">Botswana</collectingCountry>
|
||
to northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34BF6959918FFA30729F611FB5BF62D" box="[1087,1206,2451,2476]" name="Namibia" pageId="83" pageNumber="654">Namibia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34BF6959918FFA303D8F630FED9F652" box="[206,308,2482,2515]" name="Angola" pageId="83" pageNumber="654">Angola</collectingCountry>
|
||
; the range is much more restricted today. The Red Hartebeest is protected in Etosha National Park and on farmland in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34BF6959918FFA30021F65BFC42F67B" box="[823,943,2521,2554]" name="Namibia" pageId="83" pageNumber="654">Namibia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, in the dry country of southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34BF6959918FFA303C6F583FEB8F5A3" box="[208,341,2561,2594]" name="Botswana" pageId="83" pageNumber="654">Botswana</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and in the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499878E79918FFA302EFF583FD22F5A3" box="[505,719,2561,2594]" country="South Africa" name="Northern Cape" pageId="83" pageNumber="654">Northern Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34BF6959918FFA301F6F583FC7DF5A3" box="[736,912,2561,2594]" name="South Africa" pageId="83" pageNumber="654">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
. They have been reintroduced over much of their former range in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34BF6959918FFA30195F5AAFCDCF5C8" box="[643,817,2600,2633]" name="South Africa" pageId="83" pageNumber="654">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
(but not the far south) and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34BF6959918FFA307D4F5AAFAA0F5C8" box="[1218,1357,2600,2633]" name="Swaziland" pageId="83" pageNumber="654">Swaziland</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C346E58E9918FFA303C6F5DAFAB6F5F0" box="[208,1371,2648,2673]" pageId="83" pageNumber="654" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE3B6059918FFA303C6F5DAFAB6F5F0" blockId="83.[201,1409,713,2673]" box="[208,1371,2648,2673]" pageId="83" pageNumber="654">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9286A179918FFA303C6F5DAFE87F5F0" bold="true" box="[208,362,2648,2673]" pageId="83" pageNumber="654">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Capellini & Gosling (2006), Estes (1991a, 1991b), Farke (2007), Skinner &Chimimba (2005).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |