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<document id="46A289CEC02C91D55A8C27A2DC052AB3" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2016.246" ID-GBIF-Dataset="974cc5c4-de6b-4623-b8c7-66d8667aa00e" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="193045" ID-ZooBank="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:966C5DFD-72A9-4567-9DB7-E4C56974DDFA" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1481039213991" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mostafa R. Sharaf, Shehzad Salman, Hathal M. Al Dhafer, Shahid A. Akbar, Mahmoud S. Abdel-Dayem &amp; Abdulrahman S. Aldawood" docDate="2016" docId="03F0F7622C659746FE4F52278BC7FE53" docLanguage="en" docName="370-1886-1-SM.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 246" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Trichomyrmex shakeri Sharaf &amp; Al Dhafer, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="CBBBD8CB-46EF-4D9E-9BBC-4252822A9206" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="31" masterDocId="FFC98F1A2C7E9758FFA851648F59FFC9" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy and distribution of the genus Trichomyrmex Mayr, 1865 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the Arabian Peninsula, with the description of two new species" masterLastPageNumber="36" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="28" updateTime="1698396128482" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="E2766FE4C504A567614C0C0F5038CF4D" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="F2D56292781EB8D4DC17BF8E4B30E021">
<mods:title id="CA97603224DCEAAF4EFE1BBC90A3B7FB">Taxonomy and distribution of the genus Trichomyrmex Mayr, 1865 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the Arabian Peninsula, with the description of two new species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="196F291BB0DFDA873F4E36002000331B" type="personal">
<mods:role id="C05148740B751AFA1525D69EF5FCF673">
<mods:roleTerm id="995B05EED30F505F7EC0034869E38308">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="DE040D9B7B081997B1EACB778B994902">Mostafa R. Sharaf</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="B3854F527B494EC0590F3D24DA76005F" type="personal">
<mods:role id="AABE9353FA9817D452E8E8B8C862A76C">
<mods:roleTerm id="AE018620F393DB67ACC3A337BFE7A954">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="EC9489B60BA70C1968CE4604CF11D97B">Shehzad Salman</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="D0C96E9E328C6971B2F803CCAC58227B" type="personal">
<mods:role id="F3045386A8115F24204C8A6B85F001E8">
<mods:roleTerm id="490A4E563541CC0F75D391DAEF302C41">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="86702DEC3D27A0673D60A8794AFDFEAB">Hathal M. Al Dhafer</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="C00B97FAC8C470D31FDC054D455AB655" type="personal">
<mods:role id="E9AC02B7D8F9528C95EEE8FA498EBFB3">
<mods:roleTerm id="B2A08E46186F12A7011A9E926587D1E8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="9A9F8E237ED12122A8AD7D8BB665F4FE">Shahid A. Akbar</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="D63CA6E695D65669671366694D5603DF" type="personal">
<mods:role id="BEF9C125D7EA10610D6E13EF7731B517">
<mods:roleTerm id="188CB6630F7E0228A49342F57474B7DD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="69FE8933B5527821BBB12320FA91FCF2">Mahmoud S. Abdel-Dayem</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="06AD2E130B34C004E653BB1C4AB8D53A" type="personal">
<mods:role id="2862669C1808DAEC648CEB2E457F2A3B">
<mods:roleTerm id="A8F4F50DB9259DB8B166811EA624B6D7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="7F3B7A56B447EA325CF160DE7B35D0F4">Abdulrahman S. Aldawood</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="2046A51C14A8B9C1288B1D7505EA06DA">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="4B09F460250B48ACD53C7E0764828D89" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="920E34C307B8CF2D754152FFCF583F4D">
<mods:title id="2BCE0B9944C5DBD85B19AFC1BB97B441">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="2FBE5734A623910FF1BD1562E9BED0A2">
<mods:date id="6B3CE8256047BD9BE2C45B474149FF0E">2016</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="66E41B59D5720690F0AE2AB85E4A2F19" type="volume">
<mods:number id="09F6295038E41F11D492B2ADE0BD9ACD">246</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="E0E8EFFC0ABCAD6EDBD6524B669834DC">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="69038A2365C5C29BC27603DF669D201B">36</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
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<mods:classification id="03AE96880C494A17741B5FFC9094EA20">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="E8A19A82E75595B7C08D30FE30089B45" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2016.246</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D1167F481C1826D471A825117A92386A" type="GBIF-Dataset">974cc5c4-de6b-4623-b8c7-66d8667aa00e</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="373D1F2C539A823FC7F185DEEA41AFDB" type="ISSN">2118-9773</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="5EACA27791B2972402675C14AE1C533D" type="Zenodo-Dep">193045</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="5A9FD65B19B695933C351E50CDDB855A" type="ZooBank">urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:966C5DFD-72A9-4567-9DB7-E4C56974DDFA</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03F0F7622C659746FE4F52278BC7FE53" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6060818" ID-GBIF-Taxon="124955334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6060818" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:CBBBD8CB-46EF-4D9E-9BBC-4252822A9206" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F0F7622C659746FE4F52278BC7FE53" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<subSubSection id="C34315FF2C659743FE4F52278B95FC48" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE646742C659743FE4F52278B14FC97" blockId="27.[360,1228,835,932]" box="[487,1101,835,862]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<heading id="D0AEF1182C659743FE4F52278B14FC97" box="[487,1101,835,862]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="4" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C593DF72C659743FE4F52278CB5FC94" authority="Sharaf &amp; Al Dhafer" authorityName="Sharaf &amp; Al Dhafer" box="[487,1004,835,862]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Trichomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shakeri" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92D9A662C659743FE4F52278DA5FC97" bold="true" box="[487,764,835,862]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Trichomyrmex shakeri</emphasis>
Sharaf &amp; Al Dhafer
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21E271D2C659743FC5C52208B14FC97" box="[1012,1101,836,862]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE646742C659743FEC052028B95FC48" blockId="27.[360,1228,835,932]" box="[360,1228,870,897]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:CBBBD8CB-46EF-4D9E-9BBC-4252822A9206</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34315FF2C659743FD7E52EE8C04FC6D" box="[726,861,906,932]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE646742C659743FD7E52EE8C04FC6D" blockId="27.[360,1228,835,932]" box="[726,861,906,932]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<figureCitation id="13625AF12C659743FD7E52EE8C7DFC6D" box="[726,804,906,932]" captionStart="Fig. 13" captionStartId="29.[189,233,1929,1955]" captionTargetBox="[227,1361,1039,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[227,1361,1039,1888]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Fig. 13. Trichomyrmex shakeri sp. nov., paratype, worker (CASENT 0922068). A. Body in profile. B. Body in dorsal view. C. Head in full-face view (photos: Michele Esposito). D. Type locality (photo: A. Shams Alola)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/193058/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
A–C
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34315FF2C659743FF1552AF8A2EFBDD" box="[189,1399,971,1044]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BE646742C659743FF1552AF8E1CFC2C" blockId="27.[189,325,971,997]" box="[189,325,971,997]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<heading id="D0AEF1182C659743FF1552AF8E1CFC2C" bold="true" box="[189,325,971,997]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B92D9A662C659743FF1552AF8E1CFC2C" bold="true" box="[189,325,971,997]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Etymology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE646742C659743FF15529E8A2EFBDD" blockId="27.[189,1399,1018,1044]" box="[189,1399,1018,1044]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">The new species has been named in honor of the late Egyptian writer Mahmoud M. Shaker (1909–1997).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34315FF2C659743FF15555F8D3CFABF" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BE646742C659743FF15555F8EF2FB9C" blockId="27.[189,427,1083,1109]" box="[189,427,1083,1109]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<heading id="D0AEF1182C659743FF15555F8EF2FB9C" bold="true" box="[189,427,1083,1109]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B92D9A662C659743FF15555F8EF2FB9C" bold="true" box="[189,427,1083,1109]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<materialsCitation id="3B314C292C659743FF42550E8EF9FB03" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1413802763" collectingDate="2015-10-12" collectionCode="KSMA" country="Saudi Arabia" elevation="814" latitude="24.9" location="Aldhafer" longLatPrecision="749" longitude="46.18" municipality="Wadi Hanifa" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-worker="1" stateProvince="Riyadh" typeStatus="holotype">
<paragraph id="8BE646742C659743FF42550E8E05FB4D" blockId="27.[189,1399,1130,1226]" box="[234,348,1130,1156]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<heading id="D0AEF1182C659743FF42550E8E05FB4D" bold="true" box="[234,348,1130,1156]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" reason="6">
<emphasis id="B92D9A662C659743FF42550E8E05FB4D" bold="true" box="[234,348,1130,1156]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<typeStatus id="54E2F8D62C659743FF42550E8E05FB4D" box="[234,348,1130,1156]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE646742C659743FF1555E98EF9FB03" blockId="27.[189,1399,1130,1226]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<collectingCountry id="F34E06E42C659743FF1555E98ED6FB6E" box="[189,399,1165,1191]" name="Saudi Arabia" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">SAUDI ARABIA</collectingCountry>
:
<specimenCount id="9D5F8DFD2C659743FE3655E98EABFB6E" box="[414,498,1165,1191]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="worker">worker</specimenCount>
,
<collectingRegion id="499D88962C659743FE5555E98D0FFB6E" box="[509,598,1165,1191]" country="Saudi Arabia" name="Ar Riyad" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Riyadh</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6B82DC0E2C659743FDCA55E98DA5FB6E" box="[610,764,1165,1191]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Wadi Hanifa</collectingMunicipality>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE6D20B32C659743FCAF55E88C28FB6E" box="[775,881,1164,1191]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="555" value="24.9">24.90˚ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE6D20B32C659743FCD455E88CB9FB6E" box="[892,992,1164,1191]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="555" value="46.18">46.18˚ E</geoCoordinate>
, alt.
<quantity id="4CA1EB912C659743FBBF55E98B39FB6E" box="[1047,1120,1165,1191]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.14" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="814.0">
<elevation id="0074A1472C659743FBBF55E98B39FB6E" box="[1047,1120,1165,1191]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.14" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="814.0">814 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFE760B42C659743FBC455E98A5AFB61" box="[1132,1283,1165,1192]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2015-10-12">
<collectingDate id="EFA3995C2C659743FBC455E98A5AFB61" box="[1132,1283,1165,1192]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2015-10-12">12 Oct. 2015</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<location id="8E8610AF2C659743FAA655E98A2EFB6E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F0F7622C659746FE4F52278BC7FE53:8E8610AF2C659743FAA655E98A2EFB6E" box="[1294,1399,1165,1191]" country="Saudi Arabia" latitude="24.9" longLatPrecision="749" longitude="46.18" municipality="Wadi Hanifa" name="Aldhafer" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" stateProvince="Riyadh">Aldhafer</location>
<emphasis id="B92D9A662C659743FF1555D58FA1FB03" box="[189,248,1200,1226]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">et al.</emphasis>
leg. (
<collectionCode id="ED48DEB12C659743FE9155D48ECDFB03" box="[313,404,1200,1226]" collectionName="KSMA" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">KSMA</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
</materialsCitation>
<paragraph id="8BE646742C659743FF4255968E3EFAC5" blockId="27.[189,1399,1266,1398]" box="[234,359,1266,1292]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<heading id="D0AEF1182C659743FF4255968E3EFAC5" bold="true" box="[234,359,1266,1292]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" reason="6">
<emphasis id="B92D9A662C659743FF4255968E3EFAC5" bold="true" box="[234,359,1266,1292]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Paratypes</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE646742C659743FF1554718D3CFABF" blockId="27.[189,1399,1266,1398]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
SAUDI ARABIA: 1 w, same data as the holotype (KSMA); 4 w, Riyadh, Wadi Hanifa, 24.90˚ N, 46.18˚ E, alt. 806 m, 29 Apr. 2015, Aldhafer
<emphasis id="B92D9A662C659743FD11545D8DAAFA9B" box="[697,755,1336,1362]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">et al.</emphasis>
leg. (1 in CASC: CASENT0922068; 3 in KSMA). Type material is collected by pitfall traps.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34315FF2C659745FF1554F88C8FFD71" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE646742C659743FF1554F88E16FA7F" blockId="27.[189,335,1436,1462]" box="[189,335,1436,1462]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<heading id="D0AEF1182C659743FF1554F88E16FA7F" bold="true" box="[189,335,1436,1462]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B92D9A662C659743FF1554F88E16FA7F" bold="true" box="[189,335,1436,1462]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE646742C659743FF1554A88CC2F9C1" blockId="27.[189,1398,1483,1545]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">MEASUREMENTS. Holotype, worker. TL 2.07; HL 0.62; HW 0.56; SL 0.48; EL 0.19; ML 0.56; PW 0.31; PTL 0.14; PTW 0.09; PPL 0.08; PPW 0.15; CI 90; EI 34; SI 86.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE646742C659743FF1557548A2FF9A4" blockId="27.[189,1398,1583,1681]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">WORKER. TL 1.94–2.33; HL 0.58–0.67; HW 0.52–0.64; SL 0.36–0.48; EL 0.18–0.21; ML 0.53–0.66; PW 0.29–0.34; PTL 0.14–0.18; PTW 0.09–0.13; PPL 0.08–0.15; PPW 0.14–0.18; CI 85–96; EI 31–37;</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE646742C659743FF1557128EDDF958" blockId="27.[189,1398,1583,1681]" box="[189,388,1654,1681]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">SI 68–86 (n = 5).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE646742C659743FF1557DC8CB5F8F2" blockId="27.[189,1399,1719,1852]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">HEAD. Slightly longer than broad and broader anteriorly than posteriorly, with emarginated posterior margin and feebly convex sides; anterior clypeal margin nearly straight or feebly convex; eyes large (EL 0.31–0.36 × HW), with 11 ommatidia in longest row; scapes when laid back from their insertions surpassing posterior margin of head by about one third of eye length.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE646742C659743FF1556078BF8F8B5" blockId="27.[189,1185,1890,1917]" box="[189,1185,1890,1917]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">MESOSOMA. Promesonotum distinctly convex in profile; metanotal groove impressed.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE646742C659745FF1556C08C70FE80" blockId="27.[189,1399,1956,2018]" lastBlockId="29.[189,1398,267,329]" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">PILOSITY. Underside of head with few short straight hairs, not forming a psammophore; cephalic surface and mandibles with sparse short hairs, anterior clypeal margin with a median long hair and two pairs of long hairs on each side; antennae with dense appressed pubescence; mesosoma without hairs except for few sparse appressed pubescence on promesonotum.</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2616FC2C629744FF1556CC8B1CF82E" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/193057/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" targetBox="[443,1138,336,1919]" targetPageId="28">
<paragraph id="8BE646742C629744FF1556CC8B1CF82E" blockId="28.[189,1399,1960,2023]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B92D9A662C629744FF1556CC8E41F80B" bold="true" box="[189,280,1960,1986]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 12.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C593DF72C629744FEB556CC8D8EF80A" authority="Forel, 1892" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1892" box="[285,727,1960,1987]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Trichomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robustior">
<emphasis id="B92D9A662C629744FEB556CC8D62F80B" box="[285,571,1960,1986]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Trichomyrmex robustior</emphasis>
(Forel, 1892)
</taxonomicName>
, lectotype, worker (CASENT0101849).
<emphasis id="B92D9A662C629744FB0856CC8BECF80B" bold="true" box="[1184,1205,1960,1986]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A</emphasis>
. Body in profile.
<emphasis id="B92D9A662C629744FF1556A88F89F82F" bold="true" box="[189,208,1996,2022]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">B</emphasis>
. Body in dorsal view.
<emphasis id="B92D9A662C629744FE7156AF8EB7F82C" bold="true" box="[473,494,1995,2021]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">C</emphasis>
. Head in full-face view (photos: Zach Lieberman).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE646742C639745FF1550118C12FE43" blockId="29.[189,843,368,394]" box="[189,843,368,394]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">PETIOLE. With one pair of long, backward directed hairs.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE646742C639745FF1550D68DA9FE26" blockId="29.[189,1398,433,495]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">POSTPETIOLE. With two pairs; first gastral tergite bare except for few sparse appressed pubescence, the remaining gastral tergites with some long hairs.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE646742C639745FF1553728A5DFDBF" blockId="29.[189,1399,534,631]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">SCULPTURE. Cephalic surface smooth and shining except posterior margin of head, area in front of eyes and mandibles longitudinally rugulose; promesonotal dorsum faintly irregularly sculptured; mesopleura, propodeum, petiole and postpetiole densely punctulate-reticulate; gaster smooth and shining.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE646742C639745FF1553FA8C8FFD71" blockId="29.[189,982,670,696]" box="[189,982,670,696]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">COLOUR. Uniform yellow, eyes black, mandibular teeth dark brown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34315FF2C639745FF1553BB8CA9FC7C" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BE646742C639745FF1553BB8E95FD30" blockId="29.[189,460,735,761]" box="[189,460,735,761]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<heading id="D0AEF1182C639745FF1553BB8E95FD30" bold="true" box="[189,460,735,761]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B92D9A662C639745FF1553BB8E95FD30" bold="true" box="[189,460,735,761]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Differential diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE646742C639745FF15526A8CA9FC7C" blockId="29.[189,1398,782,949]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
Among the Arabian
<taxonomicName id="4C593DF72C639745FE6A526A8D34FCE1" box="[450,621,782,808]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Trichomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D9A662C639745FE6A526A8D34FCE1" box="[450,621,782,808]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Trichomyrmex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species,
<taxonomicName id="4C593DF72C639745FD4D526B8C39FCE1" box="[741,864,782,808]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Trichomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shakeri" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92D9A662C639745FD4D526B8C39FCE1" box="[741,864,782,808]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">T. shakeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21E271D2C639745FCC5526A8C94FCE1" box="[877,973,782,808]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is a conspicuous species, quickly identified by the uniform yellow colour and the exceptionally larger eyes (EL 0.31–0.36 × HW) compared to other sympatric species.
<taxonomicName id="4C593DF72C639745FE5752308C50FCA7" box="[511,777,852,878]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Trichomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shakeri" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92D9A662C639745FE5752308C50FCA7" box="[511,777,852,878]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Trichomyrmex shakeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21E271D2C639745FCB852318C30FCA6" box="[784,873,853,879]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is superficially similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C593DF72C639745FB3452318E59FC5B" authority="Forel, 1907" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1907" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Trichomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="santschii">
<emphasis id="B92D9A662C639745FB3452318A7BFCA7" box="[1180,1314,852,878]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">T. santschii</emphasis>
(Forel, 1907)
</taxonomicName>
from North Africa (Tunisia) in colour and measurements, but it can be readily separated by the absence of the psammophore, which is well-developed in
<taxonomicName id="4C593DF72C639745FCCC52F88CB0FC7C" box="[868,1001,923,949]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Trichomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="santschii">
<emphasis id="B92D9A662C639745FCCC52F88CB0FC7C" box="[868,1001,923,949]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">T. santschii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF2616FC2C639745FF1556ED8ED2F822" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/193058/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" targetBox="[227,1361,1039,1888]" targetPageId="29">
<paragraph id="8BE646742C639745FF1556ED8ED2F822" blockId="29.[189,1399,1929,2027]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B92D9A662C639745FF1556ED8E47F86A" bold="true" box="[189,286,1929,1955]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 13.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C593DF72C639745FE8056EE8D62F86D" box="[296,571,1930,1956]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Trichomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shakeri" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92D9A662C639745FE8056EE8D62F86D" box="[296,571,1930,1956]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Trichomyrmex shakeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21E271D2C639745FDED56EE8DFCF86D" box="[581,677,1930,1956]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, paratype, worker (CASENT0922068).
<emphasis id="B92D9A662C639745FB2456ED8BF8F86A" bold="true" box="[1164,1185,1929,1955]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">A</emphasis>
. Body in profile.
<emphasis id="B92D9A662C639745FF1556C98F89F80E" bold="true" box="[189,208,1965,1991]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">B</emphasis>
. Body in dorsal view.
<emphasis id="B92D9A662C639745FE7256C98EB6F80E" bold="true" box="[474,495,1965,1991]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">C</emphasis>
. Head in full-face view (photos: Michele Esposito).
<emphasis id="B92D9A662C639745FBF356C98B36F80E" bold="true" box="[1115,1135,1965,1991]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">D</emphasis>
. Type locality (photo: A. Shams Alola).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C34315FF2C609746FF15506F8BC7FE53" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BE646742C609746FF15506F8D67FEEC" blockId="30.[189,1398,267,411]" box="[189,574,267,293]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<heading id="D0AEF1182C609746FF15506F8D67FEEC" bold="true" box="[189,574,267,293]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" reason="6">
<emphasis id="B92D9A662C609746FF15506F8D67FEEC" bold="true" box="[189,574,267,293]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Ecological and biological notes</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE646742C609746FF15505D8BC7FE53" blockId="30.[189,1398,267,411]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
This species is considered uncommon. Only six workers were collected in 150 pitfall traps run for one year at the type locality, a relatively pristine section of Wadi Hanifa (
<figureCitation id="13625AF12C609746FC7450398B75FEBE" box="[988,1068,349,375]" captionStart="Fig. 13" captionStartId="29.[189,233,1929,1955]" captionTargetBox="[227,1361,1039,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[227,1361,1039,1888]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Fig. 13. Trichomyrmex shakeri sp. nov., paratype, worker (CASENT 0922068). A. Body in profile. B. Body in dorsal view. C. Head in full-face view (photos: Michele Esposito). D. Type locality (photo: A. Shams Alola)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/193058/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
D). Other sampling methods (soil sifting, light traps, beating sheets) were not successful in adding more material.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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