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<document id="25042CAD289A3507B48464D996B951E5" ID-CLB-Dataset="29267" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4496.1.17" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a161220f-7db6-4ccc-bfaa-de528dab984c" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1446761" ID-ZooBank="68B7C32E-BDEB-4C7C-A4F8-BC242DE24351" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1538747124433" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Nxele, Thembeka Clara, Plisko, Jadwiga Danuta &amp; Ramongalo, Boipelo K." docDate="2018" docId="03F02941C429FFAAFF48FBD4FC28FC48" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4496.1.17.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4496 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Tritogenia talana Nxele &amp; Plisko &amp; Ramongalo 2018, sp.n." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="216" masterDocId="FFC95139C428FFA8FFDFFFA4FFA3FFC8" masterDocTitle="The first proandric species of Tritogenia Kinberg, 1867 from Botswana, Tritogenia talana sp. n. (Clitellata, Crassiclitellata, Tritogeniidae)" masterLastPageNumber="217" masterPageNumber="214" pageNumber="215" updateTime="1698565648559" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="F2A6E33127446587781636F4A8033296" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="287C524326B904BA0D2358AF8CF8BD94">
<mods:title id="92360CF924BA78848617AC9D62CE063E">The first proandric species of Tritogenia Kinberg, 1867 from Botswana, Tritogenia talana sp. n. (Clitellata, Crassiclitellata, Tritogeniidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="D4E123C67ACF0831E293098CE88CE886" type="personal">
<mods:role id="084FEC64C0ED21D0F311B080525919E5">
<mods:roleTerm id="084F4EF2474C5A200DAE3B9F1696CC5B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D820536760E23C04EB161165CBC9158A">Nxele, Thembeka Clara</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="95D02CC6AD42E8B919E3CD9A37D2BC40" type="personal">
<mods:role id="C66289A7EDDABE393602FFCBA1DA46FE">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="4A482446809FEE7F460E42EEEAD39E04">Plisko, Jadwiga Danuta</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="4D570E651A4DEC7B1104C93FF1B8A0A8" type="personal">
<mods:role id="58E19902AE575854541CFB786D5328B2">
<mods:roleTerm id="591D420FAF5CBC5A5D1A08C6F950BB5A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="0FF32DCA03FD901E5EAFA4C510E9A914">Ramongalo, Boipelo K.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="496A1F7CE3F517868FDA52CD9A715006">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="054025AC7D5F0CAC209B45DDEF861D15" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="0BC0059A7D60C82972AC7D13B6B84848">
<mods:title id="3F4E4C2B04B89FBB546D0306E4C651AB">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="FF5BCCA965E37F8DF332FC7124CD13EA">
<mods:date id="1C923FF547DA5679D9838101B801DA4B">2018</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="3182A90C6D9ACA0695210F4296C447D2" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="AE1D1E056FF2CB158FD3CAE53E400598">2018-10-05</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="87C196F02C5F105E3D429AF51ED51EBB" type="volume">
<mods:number id="4AB26E2088D6304CFF73ABA210F8A860">4496</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="3D264FE771CD0FC70AACCDC18F63D4B1" type="issue">
<mods:number id="5F5D71BCA4F19FFF20C6AC28B6A2D7D7">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="C26E36490ABE75C7DA6927315A20EC16">214</mods:start>
<mods:end id="F8F38AE6103569E218193C9F9C02FCB6">217</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
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</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="0DF50BDDF8D6BE9609D023AE6E0163E4">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="B523339C18188BB807C1BE5480BC4F6D" type="CLB-Dataset">29267</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="C6AE4146CD97064E2B92E6DAD88982B8" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4496.1.17</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="4B1D352016FD326561DDA2CDEEA704D3" type="GBIF-Dataset">a161220f-7db6-4ccc-bfaa-de528dab984c</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="545D467F9F5A0C6FF8706EEF859DC20C" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="6CE2FFB63DC93256129AF4A0442E3A79" type="Zenodo-Dep">1446761</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="10A49689923C28B58C0C47817B776EEB" type="ZooBank">68B7C32E-BDEB-4C7C-A4F8-BC242DE24351</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03F02941C429FFAAFF48FBD4FC28FC48" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5968653" ID-GBIF-Taxon="148639811" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5968653" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F02941C429FFAAFF48FBD4FC28FC48" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F02941C429FFAAFF48FBD4FC28FC48" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="216" pageId="1" pageNumber="215">
<subSubSection id="C343CBDCC429FFA9FF48FBD4FEA4FB63" pageId="1" pageNumber="215" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE69857C429FFA9FF48FBD4FE08FB42" blockId="1.[151,427,1136,1195]" box="[151,427,1136,1162]" pageId="1" pageNumber="215">
<heading id="D0AE2F3BC429FFA9FF48FBD4FE08FB42" bold="true" box="[151,427,1136,1162]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="215" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B92D4445C429FFA9FF48FBD4FE08FB42" bold="true" box="[151,427,1136,1162]" pageId="1" pageNumber="215">
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3D4C429FFA9FF48FBD4FECBFB42" authority="Nxele &amp; Plisko &amp; Ramongalo, 2018" authorityName="Nxele &amp; Plisko &amp; Ramongalo" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,360,1136,1162]" class="Clitellata" family="Microchaetidae" genus="Tritogenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="1" pageNumber="215" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="talana" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92D4445C429FFA9FF48FBD4FECBFB42" bold="true" box="[151,360,1136,1162]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="215">Tritogenia talana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21EF93EC429FFA9FEB0FBD4FE08FB42" box="[367,427,1136,1162]" pageId="1" pageNumber="215" rank="species">sp.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE69857C429FFA9FF48FB36FEA4FB63" blockId="1.[151,427,1136,1195]" box="[151,263,1170,1195]" pageId="1" pageNumber="215">
(
<figureCitation id="136284D2C429FFA9FF41FB36FF5FFB63" box="[158,252,1170,1195]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1720,1742]" captionTargetBox="[179,1399,996,1662]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,992,1684]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Tritogenia talana sp. n. Anterior region of specimen, external ventral view. Cl= clitellum, Tp= Tubercula pubertatis. Numbers represent segment numbers. Scale bar 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1446763/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="215">Figure 1</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C343CBDCC429FFA9FF48FB7EFB14FA4B" pageId="1" pageNumber="215" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BE69857C429FFA9FF48FB7EFB89FADF" blockId="1.[151,1437,1242,2023]" pageId="1" pageNumber="215">
<materialsCitation id="3B31920AC429FFA9FF48FB7EFB89FADF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1914265224" collectingDate="2016-02-05" collectorName="Nxele &amp; Ramongalo &amp; N. Serameng" country="Botswana" county="Locality" elevation="359" latitude="-22.237139" location="Talana Farms" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="29.012167" municipality="Tuli Block region" pageId="1" pageNumber="215" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Limpopo">
<emphasis id="B92D4445C429FFA9FF48FB7EFE10FB3B" bold="true" box="[151,435,1242,1267]" pageId="1" pageNumber="215">
<collectingCounty id="6287E0DBC429FFA9FF48FB7EFF5AFB3B" box="[151,249,1242,1267]" pageId="1" pageNumber="215">Locality</collectingCounty>
and material.
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F34ED8C7C429FFA9FE1DFB7FFD90FB3A" box="[450,563,1243,1266]" name="Botswana" pageId="1" pageNumber="215">Botswana</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6B82022DC429FFA9FD97FB7EFC87FB3B" box="[584,804,1242,1267]" pageId="1" pageNumber="215">Tuli Block region</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8E86CE8CC429FFA9FCE7FB7EFC78FB3A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F02941C429FFAAFF48FBD4FC28FC48:8E86CE8CC429FFA9FCE7FB7EFC78FB3A" box="[824,987,1242,1267]" country="Botswana" county="Locality" latitude="-22.237139" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="29.012167" municipality="Tuli Block region" name="Talana Farms" pageId="1" pageNumber="215" stateProvince="Limpopo">Talana Farms</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="499D56B5C429FFA9FC2FFB7EFBF4FB3B" box="[1008,1111,1242,1267]" country="South Africa" name="Limpopo" pageId="1" pageNumber="215">Limpopo</collectingRegion>
River edge,
<geoCoordinate id="EE6DFE90C429FFA9FADEFB7FFA34FB3B" box="[1281,1431,1243,1267]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="215" precision="1" value="-22.237139">22°14'13.7''S</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate id="EE6DFE90C429FFA9FF48FB5BFE8DFADF" box="[151,302,1279,1303]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="215" precision="1" value="29.012167">29°00'43.8''E</geoCoordinate>
,
<elevation id="00747F64C429FFA9FEE6FB5AFE0AFADF" box="[313,425,1278,1303]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.59" pageId="1" pageNumber="215" unit="m" value="359.0">
<quantity id="4CA135B2C429FFA9FEE6FB5AFE23FADE" box="[313,384,1278,1303]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.59" pageId="1" pageNumber="215" unit="m" value="359.0">359 m</quantity>
asl
</elevation>
,
<collectingDate id="EFA3477FC429FFA9FE6BFB5AFD8AFADF" box="[436,553,1278,1303]" pageId="1" pageNumber="215" value="2016-02-05">
<date id="FFE7BE97C429FFA9FE6BFB5AFD8AFADF" box="[436,553,1278,1303]" pageId="1" pageNumber="215" value="2016-02-05">05.ii.2016</date>
</collectingDate>
, T.
<collectorName id="26ACFD81C429FFA9FD8EFB5AFD34FADF" box="[593,663,1278,1303]" pageId="1" pageNumber="215">Nxele</collectorName>
, B.
<collectorName id="26ACFD81C429FFA9FD1DFB5AFCE0FADF" box="[706,835,1278,1303]" pageId="1" pageNumber="215">Ramongalo</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26ACFD81C429FFA9FCB8FB5BFC59FADF" box="[871,1018,1279,1303]" pageId="1" pageNumber="215">N. Serameng</collectorName>
leg.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE69857C429FFA9FF18FA86FD00FAF3" blockId="1.[151,1437,1242,2023]" box="[199,675,1314,1339]" pageId="1" pageNumber="215">
<emphasis id="B92D4445C429FFA9FF18FA86FE98FAF3" bold="true" box="[199,315,1314,1339]" pageId="1" pageNumber="215">
<typeStatus id="54E226F5C429FFA9FF18FA86FE95FAF3" box="[199,310,1314,1339]" pageId="1" pageNumber="215" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
Clitellate,
<collectionCode id="ED480092C429FFA9FE69FA86FDABFAF3" box="[438,520,1314,1339]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="1" pageNumber="215">NMSA</collectionCode>
/
<collectionCode id="ED480092C429FFA9FDCEFA86FDF6FAF3" box="[529,597,1314,1339]" pageId="1" pageNumber="215">OLIG</collectionCode>
.06946.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE69857C429FFA9FF18FAE2FBEEFA97" blockId="1.[151,1437,1242,2023]" box="[199,1101,1350,1375]" pageId="1" pageNumber="215">
<emphasis id="B92D4445C429FFA9FF18FAE2FEE5FA97" bold="true" box="[199,326,1350,1375]" pageId="1" pageNumber="215">
<typeStatus id="54E226F5C429FFA9FF18FAE2FEE2FA97" box="[199,321,1350,1375]" pageId="1" pageNumber="215" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
1 clitellate,
<collectionCode id="ED480092C429FFA9FE0FFAE2FD81FA97" box="[464,546,1350,1375]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="1" pageNumber="215">NMSA</collectionCode>
/
<collectionCode id="ED480092C429FFA9FDF4FAE2FDCCFA97" box="[555,623,1350,1375]" pageId="1" pageNumber="215">OLIG</collectionCode>
.06726a; 1 clitellate,
<collectionCode id="ED480092C429FFA9FC8BFAE2FC04FA97" box="[852,935,1350,1375]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="1" pageNumber="215">NMSA</collectionCode>
/
<collectionCode id="ED480092C429FFA9FC70FAE2FC57FA97" box="[943,1012,1350,1375]" pageId="1" pageNumber="215">OLIG</collectionCode>
.06943a.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE69857C429FFA9FF18FACEFB14FA4B" blockId="1.[151,1437,1242,2023]" box="[199,1207,1386,1411]" pageId="1" pageNumber="215">
<emphasis id="B92D4445C429FFA9FF18FACEFE11FA4B" bold="true" box="[199,434,1386,1411]" pageId="1" pageNumber="215">Additional material</emphasis>
. 1 juvenile, NMSA/OLIG.06726b, 1 juvenile, NMSA/OLIG.06943b.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C343CBDCC429FFA9FF18FA2AFEEFF8B3" pageId="1" pageNumber="215" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE69857C429FFA9FF18FA2AFC18F96B" blockId="1.[151,1437,1242,2023]" pageId="1" pageNumber="215">
<emphasis id="B92D4445C429FFA9FF18FA2AFE73FA6F" bold="true" box="[199,464,1422,1447]" pageId="1" pageNumber="215">Description. External.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B92D4445C429FFA9FE06FA2AFDEBFA6F" box="[473,584,1422,1447]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="215">
<typeStatus id="54E226F5C429FFA9FE06FA2AFDE0FA6F" box="[473,579,1422,1447]" pageId="1" pageNumber="215" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
body length
<quantity id="4CA135B2C429FFA9FD3EFA2AFC90FA6E" box="[737,819,1422,1447]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="215" unit="mm" value="52.0">52 mm</quantity>
, width
<quantity id="4CA135B2C429FFA9FC56FA2BFC6FFA6E" box="[905,972,1423,1447]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="215" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
at tubercula pubertatis; segment number 102.
<typeStatus id="54E226F5C429FFA9FF10FA10FEE3FA03" box="[207,320,1460,1483]" pageId="1" pageNumber="215" type="paratype">
<emphasis id="B92D4445C429FFA9FF10FA10FEE3FA03" box="[207,320,1460,1483]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="215">Paratypes</emphasis>
</typeStatus>
:
<quantity id="4CA135B2C429FFA9FE8FFA16FE6AFA02" box="[336,457,1458,1483]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="215" unit="mm" value="55.0" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="50.0">50–60 mm</quantity>
in length, width
<quantity id="4CA135B2C429FFA9FD56FA17FD4AFA02" box="[649,745,1459,1483]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="215" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4 mm</quantity>
, segment number 107–110. Colour whitish grey. Prostomium prolobous. Preclitellar segments with secondary annulations: segment 1–3 simple, 1–2 with small horizontal grooves, segment 4–8 with two ringlets of similar size, 9–10 with second ringlet smaller, from 11 and in postclitellar segments simple and randomly annulated. Setae
<emphasis id="B92D4445C429FFA9FC9CF9BBFCFCF9FE" box="[835,863,1567,1590]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="215">aa</emphasis>
&gt;
<emphasis id="B92D4445C429FFA9FCB0F9BAFC28F9FF" box="[879,907,1566,1591]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="215">ab</emphasis>
=
<emphasis id="B92D4445C429FFA9FC44F9BAFC16F9FF" box="[923,949,1566,1591]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="215">cd</emphasis>
&lt;
<emphasis id="B92D4445C429FFA9FC1AF9BAFC7CF9FF" box="[965,991,1566,1591]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="215">bc</emphasis>
, all minute, clearly visible on segments near tubercula pubertatis, difficult to locate on preclitella segments. Male pores not observed. Female pores minute on anterior part of segment 14. Spermathecal pore not observed. Clitellum saddle-shaped on 12,13–24,25. Tubercula pubertatis on 18,19–20,21 (figure 1). Genital papillae absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE69857C429FFA9FF18F90AFEEFF8B3" blockId="1.[151,1437,1242,2023]" pageId="1" pageNumber="215">
<emphasis id="B92D4445C429FFA9FF18F90AFE8AF90F" bold="true" box="[199,297,1710,1735]" pageId="1" pageNumber="215">Internal</emphasis>
. Septa 4/5 slightly thickened; 5/6–8/9 strongly thickened; other septa thin. Gizzard well developed in 6–7 with septum 6/7 attached. Calciferous glands in 9, large, fused dorsally. Intestinal origin in 12. Typhlosole begins in 20, V-shaped which enlarges into U-shaped. Dorsal blood vessel double in the anterior segments; hearts in 9 and 10; simple in the posterior segments. Nephridia meroic, single duct with coiled loops at the end, two pairs per segment. Proandric. Seminal vesicles lacking. Spermathecae not observed, possibly embedded deep in muscular tissue.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C343CBDCC429FFA9FF18F822FB88F857" box="[199,1067,1926,1951]" pageId="1" pageNumber="215" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BE69857C429FFA9FF18F822FB88F857" blockId="1.[151,1437,1242,2023]" box="[199,1067,1926,1951]" pageId="1" pageNumber="215">
<emphasis id="B92D4445C429FFA9FF18F822FEE5F857" bold="true" box="[199,326,1926,1951]" pageId="1" pageNumber="215">Etymology</emphasis>
. Named after Talana Farms, the
<typeStatus id="54E226F5C429FFA9FD6AF823FD46F857" box="[693,741,1927,1951]" pageId="1" pageNumber="215">type</typeStatus>
locality. Noun in apposition.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C343CBDCC429FFAAFF18F80EFC28FC48" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="216" pageId="1" pageNumber="215" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BE69857C429FFAAFF18F80EFED7FF30" blockId="1.[151,1437,1242,2023]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,151,896]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="216" pageId="1" pageNumber="215">
<emphasis id="B92D4445C429FFA9FF18F80EFE97F80B" bold="true" box="[199,308,1962,1987]" pageId="1" pageNumber="215">Remarks</emphasis>
. This species is most similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3D4C429FFA9FD6FF808FC6FF80B" authority="Plisko, 2003" authorityName="Plisko" authorityYear="2003" box="[688,972,1962,1987]" class="Clitellata" family="Microchaetidae" genus="Tritogenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="1" pageNumber="215" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="debbieae">
<emphasis id="B92D4445C429FFA9FD6FF808FC90F80B" box="[688,819,1962,1987]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="215">T. debbieae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC8E5A6C429FFA9FCE2F80EFC6FF80B" box="[829,972,1962,1987]" pageId="1" pageNumber="215" refId="ref2339" refString="Plisko, J. D. (2003) Eleven new South African earthworms (Oligochaeta: Microchaetidae) with new information on some known species, and an inventory of the microchaetids of KwaZulu-Natal. African Invertebrates, 44 (2), 279 - 325." type="journal article">
Plisko,
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</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
in body length (
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), typhlosole (starting as V-shaped) and calciferous glands (not separated dorsally). The new species differs in the extension of the clitellum (12,13–24,25 vs. 13–23) and in thicker septa (4/5–8/9 thickened vs. 4/5–7/8 and all other septa in preclitellar segments thin).
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3D4C42AFFAAFE15FF19FD2DFF1D" authority="Nxele &amp; Plisko &amp; Ramongalo, 2018" authorityName="Nxele &amp; Plisko &amp; Ramongalo" authorityYear="2018" box="[458,654,188,213]" class="Clitellata" family="Microchaetidae" genus="Tritogenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="2" pageNumber="216" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="talana" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92D4445C42AFFAAFE15FF19FD2DFF1D" box="[458,654,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="216">Tritogenia talana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21EF93EC42AFFAAFD4AFF18FD75FF1D" box="[661,726,188,213]" pageId="2" pageNumber="216" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B92D4445C42AFFAAFD4AFF18FD75FF1D" bold="true" box="[661,726,188,213]" pageId="2" pageNumber="216">sp. n.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
is clearly different from all other
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3D4C42AFFAAFB8BFF19FB6AFF1C" authorityName="Kinberg" authorityYear="1867" box="[1108,1225,189,212]" class="Clitellata" family="Microchaetidae" genus="Tritogenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="2" pageNumber="216" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D4445C42AFFAAFB8BFF19FB6AFF1C" box="[1108,1225,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="216">Tritogenia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species by its lack of seminal vesicles.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE69857C42AFFAAFF18FEA0FC39FE18" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,896]" pageId="2" pageNumber="216">
The earthworm fauna of
<collectingCountry id="F34ED8C7C42AFFAAFE00FEA1FDEEFED4" box="[479,589,261,284]" name="Botswana" pageId="2" pageNumber="216">Botswana</collectingCountry>
is currently unknown. Our recent collection resulted in the discovery of an indigenous
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3D4C42AFFAAFEC6FE8DFE2DFE88" authorityName="Kinberg" authorityYear="1867" box="[281,398,297,320]" class="Clitellata" family="Microchaetidae" genus="Tritogenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="2" pageNumber="216" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D4445C42AFFAAFEC6FE8DFE2DFE88" box="[281,398,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="216">Tritogenia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species new to science. This species was collected in the south-eastern part, the Tuli Block. The northern region was also investigated but no
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3D4C42AFFAAFD0BFEE9FCEAFEAC" authorityName="Kinberg" authorityYear="1867" box="[724,841,333,356]" class="Clitellata" family="Microchaetidae" genus="Tritogenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="2" pageNumber="216" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D4445C42AFFAAFD0BFEE9FCEAFEAC" box="[724,841,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="216">Tritogenia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species were found. The collection of
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3D4C42AFFAAFAD3FEE9FACCFEAD" authority="Nxele &amp; Plisko &amp; Ramongalo, 2018" authorityName="Nxele &amp; Plisko &amp; Ramongalo" authorityYear="2018" box="[1292,1391,332,357]" class="Clitellata" family="Microchaetidae" genus="Tritogenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="2" pageNumber="216" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="talana" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92D4445C42AFFAAFAD3FEE9FACCFEAD" box="[1292,1391,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="216">T. talana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21EF93EC42AFFAAFAA5FEE8FF6BFE40" pageId="2" pageNumber="216" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B92D4445C42AFFAAFAA5FEE8FF6BFE40" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="216">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
provides new knowledge on the distribution of
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3D4C42AFFAAFCD5FED5FCDCFE40" authorityName="Kinberg" authorityYear="1867" box="[778,895,369,392]" class="Clitellata" family="Microchaetidae" genus="Tritogenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="2" pageNumber="216" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D4445C42AFFAAFCD5FED5FCDCFE40" box="[778,895,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="216">Tritogenia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as it was assumed that possibly the northern boundary for
<collectingRegion id="499D56B5C42AFFAAFEECFE30FED7FE65" box="[307,372,404,429]" country="Cameroon" name="South" pageId="2" pageNumber="216">South</collectingRegion>
African species is the
<collectingRegion id="499D56B5C42AFFAAFDA3FE30FD40FE65" box="[636,739,404,429]" country="South Africa" name="Limpopo" pageId="2" pageNumber="216">Limpopo</collectingRegion>
River (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC8E5A6C42AFFAAFCE5FE30FC6BFE64" box="[826,968,404,429]" pageId="2" pageNumber="216" refId="ref2498" refString="Plisko, J. D. (2012) Notes on the status of the family Microchaetidae (Oligochaeta). Zoology in the Middle East, Supplementum, 4, 47 - 58. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 09397140.2012.10648984" type="journal article">Plisko 2012</bibRefCitation>
). There is a possibility that some species may occur in
<collectingCountry id="F34ED8C7C42AFFAAFEEFFE13FE67FE18" box="[304,452,439,464]" name="Mozambique" pageId="2" pageNumber="216">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F34ED8C7C42AFFAAFE25FE13FDD1FE18" box="[506,626,439,464]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="2" pageNumber="216">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
along the
<collectingRegion id="499D56B5C42AFFAAFD37FE13FCECFE18" box="[744,847,439,464]" country="South Africa" name="Limpopo" pageId="2" pageNumber="216">Limpopo</collectingRegion>
River.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE69857C42AFFAAFF18FE78FC28FC48" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,896]" pageId="2" pageNumber="216">
The reproductive organs of
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3D4C42AFFAAFDDFFE79FDC6FE3D" authority="Nxele &amp; Plisko &amp; Ramongalo, 2018" authorityName="Nxele &amp; Plisko &amp; Ramongalo" authorityYear="2018" box="[512,613,476,501]" class="Clitellata" family="Microchaetidae" genus="Tritogenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="2" pageNumber="216" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="talana" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92D4445C42AFFAAFDDFFE79FDC6FE3D" box="[512,613,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="216">T. talana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21EF93EC42AFFAAFDB3FE78FD0FFE3D" box="[620,684,476,501]" pageId="2" pageNumber="216" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B92D4445C42AFFAAFDB3FE78FD0FFE3D" bold="true" box="[620,684,476,501]" pageId="2" pageNumber="216">sp. n.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
show some level of degeneration. Most conspicuous is the lack of seminal vesicles, unusual in this genus: all other known species of
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3D4C42AFFAAFC57FDA5FC5EFDD0" authorityName="Kinberg" authorityYear="1867" box="[904,1021,513,536]" class="Clitellata" family="Microchaetidae" genus="Tritogenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="2" pageNumber="216" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D4445C42AFFAAFC57FDA5FC5EFDD0" box="[904,1021,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="216">Tritogenia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have variably sized seminal vesicles in two segments. Other afrotropical earthworm species that lack seminal vesicles are found in
<collectingCountry id="F34ED8C7C42AFFAAFB3DFD80FACAFDF5" box="[1250,1385,548,573]" name="Madagascar" pageId="2" pageNumber="216">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
and belong to the family
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3D4C42AFFAAFE5CFDE3FE5BFDA8" authorityName="Jamieson" authorityYear="1971" box="[387,504,583,608]" class="Clitellata" family="Kynotidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="2" pageNumber="216" phylum="Annelida" rank="family">Kynotidae</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC8E5A6C42AFFAAFDD8FDE3FC9BFDA8" box="[519,824,583,608]" pageId="2" pageNumber="216" refId="ref2596" refString="Razafindrakoto, M., Csuzdi, Cs. &amp; Blanchart, E. (2011) New and little known giant earthworms from Madagascar (Oligochaeta: Kynotidae). African Invertebrates, 52 (2), 285 - 294. https: // doi. org / 10.5733 / afin. 052.0205" type="journal article">
Razafindrakoto
<emphasis id="B92D4445C42AFFAAFD62FDEDFD55FDA8" box="[701,758,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="216">et al.</emphasis>
2011
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC8E5A6C42AFFAAFC9AFDE3FBB4FDA8" box="[837,1047,583,608]" pageId="2" pageNumber="216" refId="ref1979" refString="Csuzdi, Cs., Razafindrakoto, M. &amp; Blanchart, E. (2012) New and little known earthworm species from Central Madagascar (Oligochaeta: Kynotidae). Zootaxa, 3578, 36 - 42." type="journal article">
Csuzdi
<emphasis id="B92D4445C42AFFAAFC45FDEDFC70FDA8" box="[922,979,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="216">et al.</emphasis>
2012
</bibRefCitation>
). Furthermore, spermathecae were not observed in
<typeStatus id="54E226F5C42AFFAAFE95FDC8FE0FFD4D" box="[330,428,620,645]" pageId="2" pageNumber="216" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and
<typeStatus id="54E226F5C42AFFAAFE3DFDC9FDEEFD4D" box="[482,589,621,645]" pageId="2" pageNumber="216" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
and may be absent as well, or they were deeply embedded in muscle tissue. As noted by
<bibRefCitation id="EFC8E5A6C42AFFAAFEFAFD2BFE1FFD60" box="[293,444,655,680]" pageId="2" pageNumber="216" refId="ref2300" refString="Nxele, T. C. (2014) Comments on problems appearing during identification of Tritogenia species (Oligochaeta: Tritogeniidae). Zoology in the Middle East, 60 (2), 32 - 37." type="journal article">Nxele (2014)</bibRefCitation>
, spermathecae are difficult to observe in
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3D4C42AFFAAFC57FD35FC5FFD60" authorityName="Kinberg" authorityYear="1867" box="[904,1020,657,680]" class="Clitellata" family="Microchaetidae" genus="Tritogenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="2" pageNumber="216" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D4445C42AFFAAFC57FD35FC5FFD60" box="[904,1020,657,680]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="216">Tritogenia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, especially when embedded in tissue and without sperm, so the possibility remains that they have been overlooked. Finally, this is the first proandric species in this genus, the pair of funnels is small. The reduction in reproductive organs suggests parthenogenesis although more data is needed to validate this. Hermaphrodite species may reproduce parthenogenetically. For example,
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3D4C42AFFAAFEDBFCBBFD28FCF0" authority="Tsai et al., 2001" authorityName="Tsai et al." authorityYear="2001" box="[260,651,799,824]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="2" pageNumber="216" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="catenus">
<emphasis id="B92D4445C42AFFAAFEDBFCBBFE6CFCF0" box="[260,463,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="216">Amynthas catenus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC8E5A6C42AFFAAFE09FCBBFD28FCF0" box="[470,651,799,824]" pageId="2" pageNumber="216" refId="ref2815" refString="Tsai, C. F., Shen, H. P. &amp; Tsai, S. C. (2001) Some new earthworms of the genus Amynthas (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) from Mt. Hohuan of Taiwan. Zoological Studies, 40, 276 - 288." type="journal article">
Tsai
<emphasis id="B92D4445C42AFFAAFDD3FC85FDE7FCF0" box="[524,580,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="216">et al.</emphasis>
, 2001
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
was found to reproduce parthenogenetically (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC8E5A6C42AFFAAFB52FCBBFAEBFCF0" box="[1165,1352,799,824]" pageId="2" pageNumber="216" refId="ref2728" refString="Shen, H., Tsai, C., Fang, Y. &amp; Chen, J. (2011) Parthenogenesis, polyploidy and reproductive seasonality in the Taiwanese mountain earthworm Amynthas catenus Tsai et al., 2001 (Oligochaeta, Megascolecidae). Pedobiologia, 54, 133 - 139. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. pedobi. 2010.12.002" type="journal article">
Shen
<emphasis id="B92D4445C42AFFAAFB11FC85FAA4FCF0" box="[1230,1287,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="216">et al.</emphasis>
2011
</bibRefCitation>
), based on the study of reproductive organs and DNA ploidy levels. More qualitative collection campaigns in the country may reveal new earthworm species and confirm these suppositions.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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