300 lines
30 KiB
XML
300 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document id="FDC2D8BA2F75A743AF100915B61F112E" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4088.3.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fcf25fb0-17d2-4892-bd42-2dffdb549763" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="266311" ID-ZooBank="201C6F0F-D061-427D-96A2-50879D46D32D" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1457600431218" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Burns, Kevin J., Unitt, Philip & Mason, Nicholas A." docDate="2016" docId="03E387FFFFE4FFA84A9682ACFC19FAB4" docLanguage="en" docName="15576-5105-1-PB.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4088 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Kleinothraupis Burns, Unitt & Mason, 2016, new genus" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="339" masterDocId="FFDAFF87FFEEFFA24A018234FFE2FFC3" masterDocTitle="A genus-level classification of the family Thraupidae (Class Aves: Order Passeriformes)" masterLastPageNumber="354" masterPageNumber="329" pageNumber="339" updateTime="1698191538604" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="D5E6B06F401E466D5539C664C703A070" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="12F07AF409D47181F093DB19090D624E">
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<mods:title id="AD17E20C1C78DFBB2909F46BB2AE1A54">A genus-level classification of the family Thraupidae (Class Aves: Order Passeriformes)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="E9C1C4EC6D3E0070FFD1409A4C6EE78D" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="4E37CD201D8805C92361BB55B9418A32">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="D631ECCD95A21651B0E08B836254872F">Burns, Kevin J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="B0DAD996F424DD4CE5B5627982A2B578">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="8E5E276E88987C56B36076D8DD7FC608">Unitt, Philip</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="FAF229C0A381DB27788DC4D119B99576" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="F7BE9D89B516CC39CED2260843DA9F7C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="CE9D8773922F4C80C551A262F3F83E28">Mason, Nicholas A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="F3A6AD67E5F95A848C87062AE8EBCE02">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="68334B0C5595A3CA07AF06458CB294DC">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="6D171CDD462EA07C3E3EF43496F134D7">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="4E48ABA1B07A735830E4B082B2909B79">4088</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="D59BD6BD53438C10FA7BE63A2C244735">3</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="A9902C7A908B008D4A1F584BC26DE111">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="CBD98F9D145F18114AED279D7356CB31" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4088.3.2</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03E387FFFFE4FFA84A9682ACFC19FAB4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6090010" ID-GBIF-Taxon="117198836" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6090010" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E387FFFFE4FFA84A9682ACFC19FAB4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E387FFFFE4FFA84A9682ACFC19FAB4" lastPageNumber="339" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">
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<subSubSection id="C3506562FFE4FFA84A9682ACFDABFF73" box="[151,585,151,176]" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF536E9FFE4FFA84A9682ACFDABFF73" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1400]" box="[151,585,151,176]" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">
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14.
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6AFFE4FFA84AC082A3FE8BFF73" ID-CoL="9GCSS" box="[193,361,151,176]" class="Aves" family="Thraupidae" genus="Kleinothraupis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA84AC082A3FE8BFF73" box="[193,361,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">Kleinothraupis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20D5780FFE4FFA84B7682ACFE0CFF6C" box="[375,494,152,175]" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" rank="genus">new genus</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(
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<figureCitation id="13712A6CFFE4FFA84BFF82A3FDDDFF73" box="[510,575,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1392,1414]" captionTargetBox="[157,1431,203,1362]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[155,1432,193,1371]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Maximum clade credibility tree from the Bayesian analyses of Burns et al. (2014). Subfamilies Sporophilinae and Poospizinae shown. Labeling and format as in Fig. 1." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/266314/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3506562FFE4FFA84AC68289FABFFF16" box="[199,1373,188,213]" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BF536E9FFE4FFA84AC68289FABFFF16" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1400]" box="[199,1373,188,213]" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">
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Type species.
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6AFFE4FFA84B658288FCEAFF17" authority="Lafresnaye, 1842" authorityName="Lafresnaye" authorityYear="1842" box="[356,776,188,213]" class="Aves" family="Emberizidae" genus="Arremon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atropileus">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA84B658288FDDCFF16" box="[356,574,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">Arremon atropileus</emphasis>
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Lafresnaye, 1842
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</taxonomicName>
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(as “
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA849428288FC5FFF16" box="[835,957,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">atro-pileus</emphasis>
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,” currently
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6AFFE4FFA84E428289FAAEFF16" ID-CoL="3KSWJ" box="[1091,1356,188,213]" class="Aves" family="Thraupidae" genus="Hemispingus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atropileus">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA84E428289FAAEFF16" box="[1091,1356,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">Hemispingus atropileus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3506562FFE4FFA84AC682EBFD8AFE83" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BF536E9FFE4FFA84AC682EBFD8AFE83" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1400]" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">
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Included species.
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6AFFE4FFA84B9D82EBFCBFFF3B" authority="Berlepsch, 1895" authorityName="Berlepsch" authorityYear="1895" box="[412,861,223,248]" class="Aves" family="Thraupidae" genus="Kleinothraupis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reyi">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA84B9D82EBFD9FFF34" box="[412,637,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">Kleinothraupis reyi</emphasis>
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(Berlepsch, 1895)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6AFFE4FFA8496E82D4FB16FF3B" authority="Lafresnaye, 1842" authorityName="Lafresnaye" authorityYear="1842" box="[879,1268,223,248]" class="Aves" family="Thraupidae" genus="Hemispingus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atropileus">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA8496E82D4FBE5FF3B" box="[879,1031,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">K. atropileus</emphasis>
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(Lafresnaye, 1842)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6AFFE4FFA84F0782D4FE4FFEDE" authority="Sclater & Salvin, 1876" authorityName="Sclater & Salvin" authorityYear="1876" class="Aves" family="Thraupidae" genus="Kleinothraupis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="calophrys">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA84F0782D4FA79FF3B" box="[1286,1435,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">K. calophrys</emphasis>
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(Sclater & Salvin, 1876)
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6AFFE4FFA84BE98331FC6DFEDE" authority="Weske & Terborgh, 1974" authorityName="Weske & Terborgh" authorityYear="1974" box="[488,911,260,285]" class="Aves" family="Thraupidae" genus="Kleinothraupis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parodii">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA84BE98331FDB8FEDE" box="[488,602,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">K. parodii</emphasis>
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(Weske & Terborgh, 1974)
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</taxonomicName>
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(currently recognized as
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6AFFE4FFA84EAF8331FA91FEDF" box="[1198,1395,261,284]" class="Aves" family="Thraupidae" genus="Hemispingus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reyi">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA84EAF8331FA91FEDF" box="[1198,1395,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">Hemispingus reyi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6AFFE4FFA84F808331FEEAFE83" class="Aves" family="Thraupidae" genus="Hemispingus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atropileus">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA84F808331FEEAFE83" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">H. atropileus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6AFFE4FFA84B14831CFE47FE83" box="[277,421,295,320]" class="Aves" family="Thraupidae" genus="Kleinothraupis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="calophrys">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA84B14831CFE47FE83" box="[277,421,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">H. calophrys</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6AFFE4FFA84BE2831CFDB4FE83" box="[483,598,295,320]" class="Aves" family="Thraupidae" genus="Kleinothraupis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parodii">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA84BE2831CFDB4FE83" box="[483,598,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">H. parodii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3506562FFE4FFA84AC68378FC8CFD64" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BF536E9FFE4FFA84AC68378FC8CFD64" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1400]" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">
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Diagnosis. Morphologically, three of these species (
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6AFFE4FFA849318379FC24FEA6" box="[816,966,332,357]" class="Aves" family="Thraupidae" genus="Hemispingus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atropileus">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA849318379FC24FEA6" box="[816,966,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">K. atropileus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6AFFE4FFA849DA8379FB8DFEA6" box="[987,1135,332,357]" class="Aves" family="Thraupidae" genus="Kleinothraupis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="calophrys">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA849DA8379FB8DFEA6" box="[987,1135,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">K. calophrys</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6AFFE4FFA84EB88379FAD2FEA6" box="[1209,1328,332,357]" class="Aves" family="Thraupidae" genus="Kleinothraupis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parodii">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA84EB88379FAD2FEA6" box="[1209,1328,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">K. parodii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) share a superciliary stripe.
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6AFFE4FFA84B708344FE5FFE44" box="[369,445,368,391]" class="Aves" family="Thraupidae" genus="Hemispingus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reyi">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA84B708344FE5FFE44" box="[369,445,368,391]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">K. reyi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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lacks this character, but has similar, carotenoid-based plumage (Shultz & Burns 2013). The sequence of
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6AFFE4FFA84B5783A1FE40FE6F" box="[342,418,405,428]" class="Aves" family="Thraupidae" genus="Hemispingus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reyi">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA84B5783A1FE40FE6F" box="[342,418,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">K. reyi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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reported in Burns
|
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA8487483A1FD4DFE6E" box="[629,687,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">et al.</emphasis>
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(2014) is only a 200 base pair fragment of cyt
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA84EC183A0FB2CFE6E" box="[1216,1230,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">b</emphasis>
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sequenced from a toe pad. Thus, we have less confidence in the placement of
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6AFFE4FFA8495A838CFC4BFE0C" box="[859,937,440,463]" class="Aves" family="Thraupidae" genus="Hemispingus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reyi">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA8495A838CFC4BFE0C" box="[859,937,440,463]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">K. reyi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in this genus, but tentatively place it here because of its carotenoid coloration, the topology of the phylogenetic tree (
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<figureCitation id="13712A6CFFE4FFA84E2A83E8FB96FE36" box="[1067,1140,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1392,1414]" captionTargetBox="[157,1431,203,1362]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[155,1432,193,1371]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Maximum clade credibility tree from the Bayesian analyses of Burns et al. (2014). Subfamilies Sporophilinae and Poospizinae shown. Labeling and format as in Fig. 1." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/266314/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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), and the high posterior probability supporting this clade. Cyt
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA8484883CBFDB5FDDB" box="[585,599,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">b</emphasis>
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is the only gene sampled from all four species in this clade, and the 200 base pair section in common does not show any unreversed synapomorphies. Two species,
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6AFFE4FFA84EB28011FAA4FDFE" box="[1203,1350,548,573]" class="Aves" family="Thraupidae" genus="Hemispingus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atropileus">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA84EB28011FAA4FDFE" box="[1203,1350,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">K. atropileus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6AFFE4FFA84F838011FEE7FDA3" class="Aves" family="Thraupidae" genus="Kleinothraupis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="calophrys">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA84F838011FEE7FDA3" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">K. calophrys</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, were both sampled for ND2 and have three unreversed synapomorphies (numbered by their position in the gene alignment): C114A, A810T, and A991G. Cladistically, we define this genus as the descendants of the common ancestor of
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6AFFE4FFA84B8380BBFD7DFD6B" box="[386,671,655,680]" class="Aves" family="Thraupidae" genus="Kleinothraupis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="calophrys">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA84B8380BBFD7DFD6B" box="[386,671,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">Kleinothraupis calophrys</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6AFFE4FFA848D780A4FC85FD6B" box="[726,871,655,680]" class="Aves" family="Thraupidae" genus="Hemispingus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atropileus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA848D780A4FC85FD6B" box="[726,871,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">K. atropileus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3506562FFE4FFA84AC68080FB1EFC2E" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF536E9FFE4FFA84AC68080FB1EFC2E" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1400]" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">
|
||
Etymology. We are pleased to name this genus for Nedra K. Klein (1951–2001), an avian systematist and evolutionary biologist (Hackett 2002, 2004). Nedra published several papers involving tanagers (Seutin
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA84F1F80ECFAB4FD33" box="[1310,1366,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1994; Burns
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA84AE280C9FEFFFCD6" box="[227,285,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2002, 2003), though she was probably best known for her work on wood-warblers (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6AFFE4FFA84EE780C8FAB1FCD6" box="[1254,1363,764,789]" class="Aves" family="Parulidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Parulidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (e.g., Klein & Brown 1994; Klein
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA84BE98114FDC6FCFB" box="[488,548,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2004). Given that she worked on both tanagers and warblers, and given the morphological similarity of the species in this genus to warblers, we are pleased to name this genus in her honor. The genus name is formed from Nedra’s surname (Klein) and the Greek θραυπίς. The name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6AFFE4FFA84ED68153FA9DFC43" box="[1239,1407,871,896]" class="Aves" family="Thraupidae" genus="Kleinothraupis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA84ED68153FA9DFC43" box="[1239,1407,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">Kleinothraupis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is feminine in gender. The only specific or subspecific epithet affected by reclassification in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6AFFE4FFA84ED581B8FA9EFC66" box="[1236,1404,908,933]" class="Aves" family="Thraupidae" genus="Kleinothraupis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA84ED581B8FA9EFC66" box="[1236,1404,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">Kleinothraupis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA84A96819BFE75FC0B" box="[151,407,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6AFFE4FFA84A96819BFEEAFC0B" box="[151,264,943,968]" class="Aves" family="Thraupidae" genus="Hemispingus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atropileus">atropileus</taxonomicName>
|
||
intermedius
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Carriker, 1934, listed by Storer (1970) as a synonym of
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA84E3C8184FA9AFC0B" box="[1085,1400,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6AFFE4FFA84E3C8184FB2DFC04" box="[1085,1231,944,967]" class="Aves" family="Thraupidae" genus="Hemispingus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Hemispingus</taxonomicName>
|
||
a. auricularis
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
; if recognized, it becomes
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA84B9E81E1FDB7FC2E" box="[415,597,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">
|
||
K. a.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6AFFE4FFA84BDD81E0FDB7FC2E" box="[476,597,980,1005]" class="Aves" family="Emberizidae" genus="Sporophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="intermedia">intermedia</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. The name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6AFFE4FFA848D881E0FCA8FC2E" box="[729,842,980,1005]" class="Aves" family="Thraupidae" genus="Hemispingus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atropileus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA848D881E0FCA8FC2E" box="[729,842,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">atropileus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a noun in apposition and invariable.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3506562FFE4FFA84AC681CCFC19FAB4" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF536E9FFE4FFA84AC681CCFF15FB5C" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1400]" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">
|
||
Comments. The clade containing
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6AFFE4FFA8484D81CCFCF0FBCC" box="[588,786,1016,1039]" class="Aves" family="Thraupidae" genus="Hemispingus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA8484D81CCFCF0FBCC" box="[588,786,1016,1039]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">Hemispingus reyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6AFFE4FFA8492581CCFC58FBD3" box="[804,954,1015,1040]" class="Aves" family="Thraupidae" genus="Hemispingus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atropileus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA8492581CCFC58FBD3" box="[804,954,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">H. atropileus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6AFFE4FFA849CA81CCFBBCFBD3" box="[971,1118,1015,1040]" class="Aves" family="Thraupidae" genus="Kleinothraupis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="calophrys">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA849CA81CCFBBCFBD3" box="[971,1118,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">H. calophrys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6AFFE4FFA84EA281CCFAF8FBD3" box="[1187,1306,1015,1040]" class="Aves" family="Thraupidae" genus="Kleinothraupis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parodii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA84EA281CCFAF8FBD3" box="[1187,1306,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">H. parodii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is strongly supported (PP = 0.98) and is the sister clade to a large clade containing 24 species in eight currently recognized genera. Unless a broad genus that includes both clades is recognized, a new generic name is needed for the first clade (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6AFFE4FFA84AE38651FE44FBBF" box="[226,422,1125,1148]" class="Aves" family="Thraupidae" genus="Hemispingus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA84AE38651FE44FBBF" box="[226,422,1125,1148]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">Hemispingus reyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6AFFE4FFA84BB58651FDA5FBBE" box="[436,583,1124,1149]" class="Aves" family="Thraupidae" genus="Hemispingus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atropileus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA84BB58651FDA5FBBE" box="[436,583,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">H. atropileus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6AFFE4FFA848548651FD04FBBE" box="[597,742,1124,1149]" class="Aves" family="Thraupidae" genus="Kleinothraupis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="calophrys">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA848548651FD04FBBE" box="[597,742,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">H. calophrys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6AFFE4FFA848F58651FC8AFBBE" box="[756,872,1124,1149]" class="Aves" family="Thraupidae" genus="Kleinothraupis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parodii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA848F58651FC8AFBBE" box="[756,872,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">H. parodii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Accordingly, we provide
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6AFFE4FFA84E9D8650FAA6FBBE" box="[1180,1348,1124,1149]" class="Aves" family="Thraupidae" genus="Kleinothraupis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA84E9D8650FAA6FBBE" box="[1180,1348,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">Kleinothraupis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for this purpose.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF536E9FFE4FFA84AC68698FC19FAB4" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1400]" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">
|
||
Some classifications (Hilty
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA8481E8699FD80FB06" box="[543,610,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2011; Dickinson & Christidis 2014) treat the two subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6AFFE4FFA84A9686FBFE5BFB2B" box="[151,441,1231,1256]" class="Aves" family="Thraupidae" genus="Kleinothraupis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atropileus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA84A9686FBFE5BFB2B" box="[151,441,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">Kleinothraupis atropileus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA84BCC86E4FD60FB2B" box="[461,642,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">
|
||
K. a.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6AFFE4FFA8481086FBFD60FB2B" box="[529,642,1231,1256]" class="Aves" family="Thraupidae" genus="Kleinothraupis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atropileus">atropileus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA848BE86E4FC9CFB2B" box="[703,894,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">K. a. auricularis</emphasis>
|
||
) as species (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6AFFE4FFA84E1886E4FB4CFB2B" box="[1049,1198,1231,1256]" class="Aves" family="Thraupidae" genus="Kleinothraupis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atropileus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA84E1886E4FB4CFB2B" box="[1049,1198,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">K. atropileus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA84EEA86E4FA69FB2B" box="[1259,1419,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">K. auricularis</emphasis>
|
||
), though Clements
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA84B6886C1FE4AFACE" box="[361,424,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2015) treated them as subspecies. Therefore, although our sample represents
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA84F6186C1FEF1FAF3" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">K. a. auricularis</emphasis>
|
||
, we list it as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6AFFE4FFA84BBB872CFDADFAF3" box="[442,591,1303,1328]" class="Aves" family="Thraupidae" genus="Kleinothraupis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atropileus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA84BBB872CFDADFAF3" box="[442,591,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">K. atropileus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. García-Moreno & Fjeldså (2003) sequenced ND2 from both forms and found
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA84AE08709FE63FA96" box="[225,385,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">K. auricularis</emphasis>
|
||
to be sister to a clade containing
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6AFFE4FFA8490B8709FC7CFA96" box="[778,926,1340,1365]" class="Aves" family="Thraupidae" genus="Kleinothraupis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atropileus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA8490B8709FC7CFA96" box="[778,926,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">K. atropileus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6AFFE4FFA849D88709FBAFFA96" box="[985,1101,1340,1365]" class="Aves" family="Thraupidae" genus="Kleinothraupis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parodii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA849D88709FBAFFA96" box="[985,1101,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">K. parodii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Thus, regardless of whether these taxa are treated as subspecies or species, both belong in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6AFFE4FFA8494D876BFC16FABB" box="[844,1012,1375,1400]" class="Aves" family="Thraupidae" genus="Kleinothraupis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="339" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFBFFE4FFA8494D876BFC16FABB" box="[844,1012,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="339">Kleinothraupis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |