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<document id="71F5EA8B1A7D7239C33B2BAFC6AC0755" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.178878" ID-GBIF-Dataset="91f273fc-e30b-4c2e-ae55-e7157868defa" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="178878" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459927209085" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Pinheiro, Ulisses Dos S., Hajdu, Eduardo &amp; Custódio, Márcio R." docDate="2007" docId="03E387FEFFD0FFF8E3B5F996FEEFB985" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01609p051.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1609" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Aplysina insularis Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti 1864" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="25" masterDocId="FFDAFF86FFC4FFE0E322FFA1FFC2BC41" masterDocTitle="Aplysina Nardo (Porifera, Verongida, Aplysinidae) from the Brazilian coast with description of eight new species" masterLastPageNumber="51" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="21" updateTime="1698229691759" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="4BECBB1E5F0C7A29813B46156FEBBD8B">Aplysina Nardo (Porifera, Verongida, Aplysinidae) from the Brazilian coast with description of eight new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6CB58FE217BA29BB3F4592404B00739B">Pinheiro, Ulisses Dos S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="34E47FD543E39BA26AE28C35208610F5">Hajdu, Eduardo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F59149134AE53BF68FDD4C73BCE9B74B">Custódio, Márcio R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="7E813C132CC040119B5411371774B4A4">2007</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="502C52F2B110276976E4047D83D3224F" type="volume">
<mods:number id="E98F098035695EF1602D955B6BF8033B">1609</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03E387FEFFD0FFF8E3B5F996FEEFB985" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6240787" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119374472" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6240787" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E387FEFFD0FFF8E3B5F996FEEFB985" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E387FEFFD0FFF8E3B5F996FEEFB985" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<subSubSection id="C3506563FFD0FFF4E3B5F996FB9DBA10" box="[151,1119,1591,1617]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BF536E8FFD0FFF4E3B5F996FB9DBA10" blockId="20.[151,1119,1591,1617]" box="[151,1119,1591,1617]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<heading id="D0BD8184FFD0FFF4E3B5F996FB9DBA10" bold="true" box="[151,1119,1591,1617]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFD0FFF4E3B5F996FB9DBA10" bold="true" box="[151,1119,1591,1617]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6BFFD0FFF4E3B5F996FCD9BA10" authority="Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti, 1864" authorityName="Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti" authorityYear="1864" box="[151,795,1591,1617]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongida" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="insularis">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFD0FFF4E3B5F996FEB0BA10" bold="true" box="[151,370,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Aplysina insularis</emphasis>
(Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti, 1864)
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13712A6DFFD0FFF4E008F996FC4ABA10" box="[810,904,1591,1617]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="21.[151,255,1780,1804]" captionTargetBox="[333,1250,184,1758]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[323,1264,177,1762]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 9: A. Aplysina insularis (Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti, 1864: 64). B. Aplysina alcicornis sp. n. in situ, Holotype – MNRJ 5473 (Parque Nacional Marinho dos Abrolhos, BA, Brazil). C. Aplysina cristagallus sp. n. in situ, Holotype— MNRJ 3528 (Prado, BA, Brazil). Scale bar = 1 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/178887/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13712A6DFFD0FFF4E0B4F996FC76BA10" box="[918,948,1591,1617]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="22.[151,255,1896,1920]" captionTargetBox="[268,1292,950,1895]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[268,1319,932,1895]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 10: A – D. Aplysina insularis (Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti, 1864), MNRJ 4175. A – B. habit after preservation. C. Skeletal architecture. D. Spongin fibres. Scale bars = A – B. 1 cm, C. 500 µm, D. 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/178888/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">10</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13712A6DFFD0FFF4E0E0F996FC1CBA10" box="[962,990,1591,1617]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="23.[151,255,1927,1951]" captionTargetBox="[314,1276,649,1890]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[264,1323,619,1904]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 11: Map showing the distribution of Aplysina along the Brazilian coastline. A. Aplysina insularis (Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti, 1864) B. Aplysina lacunosa (Pallas, 1766). C. Aplysina pergamentacea Hechtel, 1983. D. Aplysina alcicornis sp. n.. Scale bar = 500 km." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/178889/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">11</figureCitation>
A, Tab. V)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3506563FFD0FFF4E3B5F923FEDFBAB8" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BF536E8FFD0FFF4E3B5F923FD45BAF8" blockId="20.[151,1436,1666,1785]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5A11C6FFD0FFF4E3B5F923FD45BAF8" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6BFFD0FFF4E3B5F923FCCFBAD8" box="[151,781,1666,1689]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongida" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Porifera" rank="subSpecies" species="insularis" subSpecies="sensu">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFD0FFF4E3B5F923FE9ABAD8" box="[151,344,1666,1689]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Aplysina insularis</emphasis>
(Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti, 1864)
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFD0FFF4E1F0F923FCCFBAD8" box="[722,781,1666,1689]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">sensu</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
van
<treatmentCitation id="0AEB10F9FFD0FFF4E063F923FC36BAD8" author="Soest" box="[833,1012,1666,1689]" page="56" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1978">
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB4B19FFD0FFF4E063F923FC36BAD8" author="Soest" box="[833,1012,1666,1689]" pageId="20" pageNumber="51" refString="van Soest, R. W. M. (1978) Marine sponges from Curacao and other caribbean localities. Part I. Keratosa. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and other caribbean Islands 56, 94 pp, I - XV pls." type="book" year="1978">Soest (1978: 56)</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; non
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6BFFD0FFF4E70FF923FAABBAD8" authority="Zea (1987)" authorityName="Zea" authorityYear="1987" box="[1069,1385,1666,1689]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongida" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="insularis">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFD0FFF4E70FF923FB6ABAD8" box="[1069,1192,1666,1689]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">A. insularis</emphasis>
sensu Zea (1987)
</taxonomicName>
; non
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6BFFD0FFF4E3E5F903FD41BAF8" authority="Collin et al. (2005)" authorityName="Collin et al." authorityYear="2005" box="[199,643,1698,1721]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongida" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="insularis">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFD0FFF4E3E5F903FEAEBAF8" box="[199,364,1698,1721]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">A. aff. insularis</emphasis>
sensu
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB4B19FFD0FFF4E296F903FD41BAF8" box="[436,643,1698,1721]" pageId="20" pageNumber="50" refString="Collin, R., Diaz, M. C., Norenburg, J., Rocha, R. M., Sanchez, J. A., Schulze, A., Schwartz, M. &amp; Valdes, A. (2005) Photographic identification guide to some common marine invertebrates from Bocas del Toro, Panama. Caribbean Journal of Science, 41, 638 - 707." type="journal article">
Collin
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFD0FFF4E2DFF903FDF1BAF8" box="[509,563,1698,1721]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al.</emphasis>
(2005)
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF536E8FFD0FFF4E3B5F963FEDFBAB8" blockId="20.[151,1436,1666,1785]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6BFFD0FFF4E3B5F963FE99BA98" box="[151,347,1730,1753]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongida" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fistularis">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFD0FFF4E3B5F963FE99BA98" box="[151,347,1730,1753]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Aplysina fistularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
forma
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6BFFD0FFF4E288F963FD25BA98" authority="Wiedenmayer" authorityName="Wiedenmayer" box="[426,743,1730,1753]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongida" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fistularis">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFD0FFF4E288F963FDCBBA98" box="[426,521,1730,1753]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">fistularis</emphasis>
sensu
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB4B19FFD0FFF4E171F963FD25BA98" author="Wiedenmayer" box="[595,743,1730,1753]" pageId="20" pageNumber="51" refString="Wiedenmayer, F. (1977) Shallow-water sponges of the western Bahamas. Experientia supplementum 28, 1 - 287." type="journal article" year="1977">Wiedenmayer</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(1977, in part, specimen B877); non W. Atlantic
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6BFFD0FFF4E622F963FABCBA98" box="[1280,1406,1730,1753]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongida" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fistularis">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFD0FFF4E622F963FABCBA98" box="[1280,1406,1730,1753]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">A. fistularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
of authors.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3506563FFD0FFF6E3B5F88BFB1EBD13" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BF536E8FFD0FFF4E3B5F88BFB1ABBD5" blockId="20.[151,1437,1834,1940]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFD0FFF4E3B5F88BFEA5BB05" bold="true" box="[151,359,1834,1860]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Studied material</emphasis>
:
<collectionCode id="ED5BAE2DFFD0FFF4E255F88BFE07BB05" box="[375,453,1834,1860]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">MNRJ</collectionCode>
4175–4176,
<collectingCountry id="F35D7678FFD0FFF4E142F88BFD0EBB05" box="[608,716,1834,1860]" name="El Salvador" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Salvador</collectingCountry>
´s Yacht Club (
<collectingCountry id="F35D7678FFD0FFF4E05BF88BFC27BB05" box="[889,997,1834,1860]" name="El Salvador" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Salvador</collectingCountry>
, BA,
<geoCoordinate id="EE7E502FFFD0FFF4E70BF88BFB05BB05" box="[1065,1223,1834,1860]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" precision="1" value="-12.9995">12º59'58.2'' S</geoCoordinate>
-
<geoCoordinate id="EE7E502FFFD0FFF4E7C3F88BFA4CBB05" box="[1249,1422,1834,1860]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" precision="1" value="-38.531723">38º31'54.2'' W</geoCoordinate>
),
<quantity id="4CB29B0DFFD0FFF4E3B5F8F3FF20BB2D" box="[151,226,1874,1900]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="m" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">3–5 m</quantity>
depth, E. Hajdu
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFD0FFF4E28CF8F2FE18BB2D" box="[430,474,1875,1900]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">coll</emphasis>
.,
<date id="FFF41028FFD0FFF4E2D3F8F3FDB5BB2D" box="[497,631,1874,1900]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="2001-07-04">4/VII/2001</date>
.
<collectionCode id="ED5BAE2DFFD0FFF4E1A1F8F3FD13BB2D" box="[643,721,1874,1900]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">MNRJ</collectionCode>
5463, Parcel Paredes, south side (Parque Nacional Marinho dos Abrolhos, BA, 17º56'800'' S - 38º54'264'' W),
<quantity id="4CB29B0DFFD0FFF4E1C6F8DBFCDDBBD5" box="[740,799,1914,1940]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</quantity>
depth, E. Vilanova
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFD0FFF4E72AF8DAFBF9BBD5" box="[1032,1083,1915,1940]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">coll.</emphasis>
,
<date id="FFF41028FFD0FFF4E768F8DBFB11BBD5" box="[1098,1235,1914,1940]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="2002-03-01">01/III/2002</date>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF356660FFD1FFF5E3B5F955FD7BBB10" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/178887/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" targetBox="[333,1250,184,1758]" targetPageId="21">
<paragraph id="8BF536E8FFD1FFF5E3B5F955FD7BBB10" blockId="21.[151,1436,1780,1873]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFD1FFF5E3B5F955FED9BB4D" bold="true" box="[151,283,1780,1804]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">FIGURE 9:</emphasis>
A.
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6BFFD1FFF5E263F954FC63BB4D" authority="Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti, 1864: 64" authorityName="Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti" authorityPageNumber="64" authorityYear="1864" box="[321,929,1781,1804]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongida" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="insularis">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFD1FFF5E263F954FDC0BB4D" box="[321,514,1781,1804]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Aplysina insularis</emphasis>
(Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti, 1864: 64)
</taxonomicName>
. B.
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6BFFD1FFF5E0EBF954FB5ABB4D" box="[969,1176,1781,1804]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongida" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="alcicornis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFD1FFF5E0EBF954FB5ABB4D" box="[969,1176,1781,1804]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Aplysina alcicornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20D5781FFD1FFF5E7BFF954FB12BB4D" box="[1181,1232,1781,1804]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rank="species">sp.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
in situ, Holotype – MNRJ 5473 (Parque Nacional Marinho dos Abrolhos, BA, Brazil). C.
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6BFFD1FFF5E083F8B9FB47BB6E" box="[929,1157,1816,1839]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongida" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="cristagallus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFD1FFF5E083F8B9FB47BB6E" box="[929,1157,1816,1839]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Aplysina cristagallus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20D5781FFD1FFF5E7ACF8B9FB03BB6E" box="[1166,1217,1816,1839]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rank="species">sp.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
in situ, Holotype— MNRJ 3528 (Prado, BA, Brazil). Scale bar = 1 cm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF536E8FFD1FFF6E3E4F824FB1EBD13" blockId="21.[151,1436,1925,2031]" lastBlockId="22.[151,1437,152,858]" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFD1FFF5E3E4F824FE1DBBDE" bold="true" box="[198,479,1925,1951]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Comparative material</emphasis>
: ZMAPOR. 1475, St. Thomas (
<typeStatus id="54F1884AFFD1FFF5E046F824FC19BBDE" box="[868,987,1925,1951]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6BFFD1FFF5E72BF824FD5BBB86" authority="Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti, 1864 sensu Wiendemayer, 1977" authorityName="Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti, 1864 sensu Wiendemayer" authorityYear="1977" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Luffaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongiida" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="insularis">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFD1FFF5E72BF824FB18BBDF" box="[1033,1242,1925,1950]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Luffaria insularis</emphasis>
Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti, 1864
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFD1FFF5E243F80CFE60BB87" box="[353,418,1965,1990]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">sensu</emphasis>
Wiendemayer, 1977
</taxonomicName>
).
<collectionCode id="ED5BAE2DFFD1FFF5E18FF80CFCC7BB86" box="[685,773,1965,1991]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">BMNH</collectionCode>
1928.5.12.75 and 172, Crawshay´s West Indian coll. (as
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6BFFD1FFF5E3B5F874FEB2BBAF" box="[151,368,2005,2030]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongida" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fistularis">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFD1FFF5E3B5F874FEB2BBAF" box="[151,368,2005,2030]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Aplysina fistularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). ZMAPOR 3325, Pta. Cadena (NW of Mayaguez,
<collectingCountry id="F35D7678FFD1FFF5E0CBF874FBBEBBAE" box="[1001,1148,2005,2031]" name="Puerto Rico" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Puerto Rico</collectingCountry>
),
<quantity id="4CB29B0DFFD1FFF5E7B1F874FB01BBAE" box="[1171,1219,2005,2031]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="3.0">3 m</quantity>
depth, J.H. Stock
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFD2FFF6E3B5FF39FF08BCF0" box="[151,202,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">coll.</emphasis>
,
<date id="FFF41028FFD2FFF6E3FCFF39FE98BCF3" box="[222,346,152,178]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1963-02-21">21/II/1963</date>
(Det. R.W.M. van Soest, as
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6BFFD2FFF6E1EAFF39FBDABCF0" box="[712,1048,152,177]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Porifera" rank="subSpecies" species="fistularis" subSpecies="insularis">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFD2FFF6E1EAFF39FBDABCF0" box="[712,1048,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Aplysina fistularis insularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). ZMAPOR 3349,
<collectingCountry id="F35D7678FFD2FFF6E629FF39FA59BCF3" box="[1291,1435,152,178]" name="Puerto Rico" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Puerto Rico</collectingCountry>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE7E502FFFD2FFF6E382FF61FECBBC9B" box="[160,265,192,218]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" precision="925" value="18.25">18º15' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE7E502FFFD2FFF6E234FF61FE5EBC9B" box="[278,412,192,218]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" precision="92" value="-67.225">67º13.5' W</geoCoordinate>
),
<quantity id="4CB29B0DFFD2FFF6E290FF61FDD8BC9B" box="[434,538,192,218]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.1" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="7.2" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="81.0" valueMax="90.0" valueMin="72.0">72–90 m</quantity>
depth, J.H. Stock
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFD2FFF6E1D6FF61FCEABC98" box="[756,808,192,217]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">coll.</emphasis>
(# PR. 99),
<date id="FFF41028FFD2FFF6E098FF61FBF2BC9B" box="[954,1072,192,218]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1963-01-27">27/I/1963</date>
, dredged on muddy-sand (Det. R.W.M. van Soest, as
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6BFFD2FFF6E2BEFF49FDB6BD40" box="[412,628,232,257]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lacunosa">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFD2FFF6E2BEFF49FDB6BD40" box="[412,628,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Aplysina lacunosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). ZMAPOR
<quantity id="4CB29B0DFFD2FFF6E02DFF49FC70BD43" box="[783,946,232,258]" metricMagnitude="7" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.62928" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="1.62928E7">16292, 800 m</quantity>
of landing stage, Fort Bay (
<collectingCountry id="F35D7678FFD2FFF6E7DEFF49FAF8BD43" box="[1276,1338,232,258]" name="Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Saba</collectingCountry>
), J. Vermeulen
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFD2FFF6E3D4FEB1FEE8BD68" box="[246,298,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">coll.</emphasis>
,
<date id="FFF41028FFD2FFF6E218FEB1FE02BD6B" box="[314,448,272,298]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1986-03-12">12/III/1986</date>
(Det. R.W.M. van Soest, as
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6BFFD2FFF6E03AFEB1FC2DBD68" box="[792,1007,272,297]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="insularis">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFD2FFF6E03AFEB1FC2DBD68" box="[792,1007,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Aplysina insularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). ZMAPOR 16303, Kralendijk Bay (
<collectingCountry id="F35D7678FFD2FFF6E3BDFE99FEC0BD13" box="[159,258,312,338]" name="Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Bonaire</collectingCountry>
),
<quantity id="4CB29B0DFFD2FFF6E234FE99FE80BD13" box="[278,322,312,338]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="2.0">2 m</quantity>
depth, P.L.van Pel.
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFD2FFF6E10FFE99FDA2BD10" box="[557,608,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">coll.</emphasis>
, 1965 (Det. R.W.M. van Soest, as
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6BFFD2FFF6E0D5FE99FB0EBD10" box="[1015,1228,312,337]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="insularis">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFD2FFF6E0D5FE99FB0EBD10" box="[1015,1228,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Aplysina insularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3506563FFD2FFF6E3E4FEFEFE29BD8B" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BF536E8FFD2FFF6E3E4FEFEFE29BD8B" blockId="22.[151,1437,152,858]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFD2FFF6E3E4FEFEFEFDBD38" bold="true" box="[198,319,351,377]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Diagnosis</emphasis>
: This is the only
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6BFFD2FFF6E131FEC1FDBBBD38" box="[531,633,352,377]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFD2FFF6E131FEC1FDBBBD38" box="[531,633,352,377]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Aplysina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with markedly short, irregularly outlined (frequently lobate), stout, soft tubes bearing large, apical oscula. Tubes frequently wider at their apices. Colour in life yellow or brown, turning into black in ethanol.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3506563FFD2FFF7E3E4FE76FE9ABE73" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF536E8FFD2FFF6E3E4FE76FDC9BDB3" blockId="22.[151,1437,152,858]" box="[198,523,471,498]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFD2FFF6E3E4FE76FDC0BDB0" bold="true" box="[198,514,471,497]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Description of the species</emphasis>
:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF536E8FFD2FFF6E3E4FDA1FF09BEA3" blockId="22.[151,1437,152,858]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
Groups of low tubes averaging
<quantity id="4CB29B0DFFD2FFF6E119FDA1FDB4BE5B" box="[571,630,512,538]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="cm" value="7.0">7 cm</quantity>
height and
<quantity id="4CB29B0DFFD2FFF6E020FDA1FC91BE5B" box="[770,851,512,538]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="cm" value="2.5">2.5 cm</quantity>
in diameter, anastomosed, with irregular outlines (often lobate), frequently wider at their apices, where oscula
<quantity id="4CB29B0DFFD2FFF6E057FD89FC70BE03" box="[885,946,552,578]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
in diameter occur (
<figureCitation id="13712A6DFFD2FFF6E782FD89FAC3BE03" box="[1184,1281,552,578]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="21.[151,255,1780,1804]" captionTargetBox="[333,1250,184,1758]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[323,1264,177,1762]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 9: A. Aplysina insularis (Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti, 1864: 64). B. Aplysina alcicornis sp. n. in situ, Holotype – MNRJ 5473 (Parque Nacional Marinho dos Abrolhos, BA, Brazil). C. Aplysina cristagallus sp. n. in situ, Holotype— MNRJ 3528 (Prado, BA, Brazil). Scale bar = 1 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/178887/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
). The largest specimen is
<quantity id="4CB29B0DFFD2FFF6E20FFDF1FE49BE2B" box="[301,395,592,618]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="cm" value="11.5">11.5 cm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="4CB29B0DFFD2FFF6E2F6FDF1FDCFBE2B" box="[468,525,592,618]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="cm" value="7.0">7 cm</quantity>
in maximum height and
<quantity id="4CB29B0DFFD2FFF6E012FDF1FCA8BE2B" box="[816,874,592,618]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="cm" value="4.0">4 cm</quantity>
in maximum width. Surface quite smooth alive, becoming markedly conulose upon preservation (
<figureCitation id="13712A6DFFD2FFF6E1CBFDD9FCBFBED3" box="[745,893,632,658]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="22.[151,255,1896,1920]" captionTargetBox="[268,1292,950,1895]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[268,1319,932,1895]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 10: A – D. Aplysina insularis (Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti, 1864), MNRJ 4175. A – B. habit after preservation. C. Skeletal architecture. D. Spongin fibres. Scale bars = A – B. 1 cm, C. 500 µm, D. 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/178888/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 10A–B</figureCitation>
). Colour
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFD2FFF6E0CCFDD9FB82BED0" box="[1006,1088,632,657]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">in vivo</emphasis>
golden yellow (MNRJ 4175 and MNRJ 4176) or brown (MNRJ 5463), turning black after preservation in ethanol. Consistency is very soft.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF536E8FFD2FFF6E3E4FD4EFED2BF1B" blockId="22.[151,1437,152,858]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFD2FFF6E3E4FD4EFEF3BF48" bold="true" box="[198,305,751,777]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Skeleton</emphasis>
: Choanosome with a delicate and irregular network of spongin fibers (
<figureCitation id="13712A6DFFD2FFF6E7B9FD51FAC9BF4B" box="[1179,1291,752,778]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="22.[151,255,1896,1920]" captionTargetBox="[268,1292,950,1895]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[268,1319,932,1895]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 10: A – D. Aplysina insularis (Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti, 1864), MNRJ 4175. A – B. habit after preservation. C. Skeletal architecture. D. Spongin fibres. Scale bars = A – B. 1 cm, C. 500 µm, D. 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/178888/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 10C</figureCitation>
). Bark with amber colour, 35–125 Μm wide (average 75 Μm). Thick pith, black or amber, 12–37 Μm wide (average 23 Μm;
<figureCitation id="13712A6DFFD2FFF6E3B5FCE1FEC1BF1B" box="[151,259,832,858]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="22.[151,255,1896,1920]" captionTargetBox="[268,1292,950,1895]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[268,1319,932,1895]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 10: A – D. Aplysina insularis (Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti, 1864), MNRJ 4175. A – B. habit after preservation. C. Skeletal architecture. D. Spongin fibres. Scale bars = A – B. 1 cm, C. 500 µm, D. 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/178888/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 10D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF356660FFD2FFF6E3B5F8C9FBFBBBE3" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/178888/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" targetBox="[268,1292,950,1895]" targetPageId="22">
<paragraph id="8BF536E8FFD2FFF6E3B5F8C9FBFBBBE3" blockId="22.[151,1436,1896,1954]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFD2FFF6E3B5F8C9FEEBBBC1" bold="true" box="[151,297,1896,1920]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">FIGURE 10:</emphasis>
A–D.
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6BFFD2FFF6E252F8C9FC64BB3E" authority="Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti, 1864" authorityName="Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti" authorityYear="1864" box="[368,934,1896,1919]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="insularis">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFD2FFF6E252F8C9FDF2BB3E" box="[368,560,1896,1919]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Aplysina insularis</emphasis>
(Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti, 1864)
</taxonomicName>
, MNRJ 4175. A–B. habit after preservation. C. Skeletal architecture. D. Spongin fibres. Scale bars = A–B. 1cm, C. 500 µm, D. 50 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF536E8FFD3FFF7E3B5FF36FF21BC96" blockId="23.[151,1435,151,215]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFD3FFF7E3B5FF36FED0BCEE" bold="true" box="[151,274,151,175]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">TABLE V:</emphasis>
Spongin fibres’ measurement data for
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6BFFD3FFF7E1E3FF39FC44BCEE" box="[705,902,152,175]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="insularis">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFD3FFF7E1E3FF39FC44BCEE" box="[705,902,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Aplysina insularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(in micrometers; S.D. = Standard Deviation and N=30).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF536E8FFD3FFF7E3EBFF5CFA42BDA8" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<table id="F94AC448FFD3001FE389FF5CFA45BDA8" box="[171,1415,253,489]" gridcols="7" gridrows="5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<tr id="357A34AAFFD3001FE389FF5CFA45BD55" box="[171,1415,253,276]" gridrow="0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-6="1">
<th id="76AB5DD6FFD3001FE389FF5CFE2DBD55" box="[171,495,253,276]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Specimens Locality*</th>
<th id="76AB5DD6FFD3001FE1B9FF5CFC9CBD55" box="[667,862,253,276]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fibers</th>
<th id="76AB5DD6FFD3001FE74DFF5CFAF0BD55" box="[1135,1330,253,276]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Piths</th>
</tr>
<tr id="357A34AAFFD3001FE389FE91FA45BD06" box="[171,1415,304,327]" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76AB5DD6FFD3001FE137FE91FDB0BD06" box="[533,626,304,327]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Thinnest</td>
<td id="76AB5DD6FFD3001FE1B9FE91FC9CBD06" box="[667,862,304,327]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Mean Thickest</td>
<td id="76AB5DD6FFD3001FE0A6FE91FC71BD06" box="[900,947,304,327]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">S.D.</td>
<td id="76AB5DD6FFD3001FE0CBFE91FB84BD06" box="[1001,1094,304,327]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Thinnest</td>
<td id="76AB5DD6FFD3001FE74DFE91FAF0BD06" box="[1135,1330,304,327]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Mean Thickest</td>
<td id="76AB5DD6FFD3001FE675FE91FA45BD06" box="[1367,1415,304,327]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">S.D.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="357A34AAFFD3001FE389FEC7FA45BD3C" box="[171,1415,358,381]" gridrow="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76AB5DD6FFD3001FE389FEC7FE2DBD3C" box="[171,495,358,381]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">MNRJ 4175 Salvador, BA</th>
<td id="76AB5DD6FFD3001FE137FEC7FDB0BD3C" box="[533,626,358,381]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">28.8</td>
<td id="76AB5DD6FFD3001FE1B9FEC7FC9CBD3C" box="[667,862,358,381]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">68.6 91.3</td>
<td id="76AB5DD6FFD3001FE0A6FEC7FC71BD3C" box="[900,947,358,381]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">14.9</td>
<td id="76AB5DD6FFD3001FE0CBFEC7FB84BD3C" box="[1001,1094,358,381]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">12.5</td>
<td id="76AB5DD6FFD3001FE74DFEC7FAF0BD3C" box="[1135,1330,358,381]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">21.4 37.5</td>
<td id="76AB5DD6FFD3001FE675FEC7FA45BD3C" box="[1367,1415,358,381]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">5.7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="357A34AAFFD3001FE389FE3DFA45BDF2" box="[171,1415,412,435]" gridrow="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76AB5DD6FFD3001FE389FE3DFE2DBDF2" box="[171,495,412,435]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">MNRJ 4176 Salvador, BA</th>
<td id="76AB5DD6FFD3001FE137FE3DFDB0BDF2" box="[533,626,412,435]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">37.5</td>
<td id="76AB5DD6FFD3001FE1B9FE3DFC9CBDF2" box="[667,862,412,435]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">55.7 92.5</td>
<td id="76AB5DD6FFD3001FE0A6FE3DFC71BDF2" box="[900,947,412,435]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">14.5</td>
<td id="76AB5DD6FFD3001FE0CBFE3DFB84BDF2" box="[1001,1094,412,435]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">12.5</td>
<td id="76AB5DD6FFD3001FE74DFE3DFAF0BDF2" box="[1135,1330,412,435]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">23.0 37.5</td>
<td id="76AB5DD6FFD3001FE675FE3DFA45BDF2" box="[1367,1415,412,435]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">5.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="357A34AAFFD3001FE389FE73FA45BDA8" box="[171,1415,466,489]" gridrow="4" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76AB5DD6FFD3001FE389FE73FE2DBDA8" box="[171,495,466,489]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">MNRJ 5463 Abrolhos, BA</th>
<td id="76AB5DD6FFD3001FE137FE73FDB0BDA8" box="[533,626,466,489]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">55.0</td>
<td id="76AB5DD6FFD3001FE1B9FE73FC9CBDA8" box="[667,862,466,489]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">101.7 125.0</td>
<td id="76AB5DD6FFD3001FE0A6FE73FC71BDA8" box="[900,947,466,489]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">16.1</td>
<td id="76AB5DD6FFD3001FE0CBFE73FB84BDA8" box="[1001,1094,466,489]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">17.5</td>
<td id="76AB5DD6FFD3001FE74DFE73FAF0BDA8" box="[1135,1330,466,489]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">25.2 35.0</td>
<td id="76AB5DD6FFD3001FE675FE73FA45BDA8" box="[1367,1415,466,489]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">4.2</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF536E8FFD3FFF7E3B5FDBAFE9ABE73" blockId="23.[151,344,539,562]" box="[151,344,539,562]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">*BA, Bahia State.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF356660FFD3FFF7E3B5F826FDDDBBA5" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/178889/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" targetBox="[314,1276,649,1890]" targetPageId="23">
<paragraph id="8BF536E8FFD3FFF7E3B5F826FDDDBBA5" blockId="23.[151,1436,1927,2020]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFD3FFF7E3B5F826FEEABBDE" bold="true" box="[151,296,1927,1951]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">FIGURE 11:</emphasis>
Map showing the distribution of
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6BFFD3FFF7E1B1F829FD32BBDE" box="[659,752,1928,1951]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFD3FFF7E1B1F829FD32BBDE" box="[659,752,1928,1951]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Aplysina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
along the Brazilian coastline. A.
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6BFFD3FFF7E778F829FE5CBB83" authority="Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti, 1864" authorityName="Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti" authorityYear="1864" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="insularis">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFD3FFF7E778F829FADEBBDE" box="[1114,1308,1928,1951]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Aplysina insularis</emphasis>
(Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti, 1864)
</taxonomicName>
B.
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6BFFD3FFF7E2EAF80AFCF0BB83" authority="Pallas, 1766" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1766" box="[456,818,1963,1986]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lacunosa">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFD3FFF7E2EAF80AFD4DBB83" box="[456,655,1963,1986]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Aplysina lacunosa</emphasis>
(Pallas, 1766)
</taxonomicName>
. C.
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6BFFD3FFF7E042F80AFACDBB83" authority="Hechtel, 1983" authorityName="Hechtel" authorityYear="1983" box="[864,1295,1963,1986]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pergamentacea">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFD3FFF7E042F80AFBA9BB83" box="[864,1131,1963,1986]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Aplysina pergamentacea</emphasis>
Hechtel, 1983
</taxonomicName>
. D.
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6BFFD3FFF7E61CF80AFEC0BBA5" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="alcicornis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFD3FFF7E61CF80AFEC0BBA5" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Aplysina alcicornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20D5781FFD3FFF7E22AF86CFEF9BBA5" box="[264,315,1997,2020]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rank="species">sp.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
. Scale bar = 500 km.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C3506563FFDCFFF8E3E4FF36FC83BD65" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BF536E8FFDCFFF8E3E4FF36FF3EBC96" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,1476]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFDCFFF8E3E4FF36FE9DBCF0" bold="true" box="[198,351,151,177]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Distribution</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry id="F35D7678FFDCFFF8E253FF39FE7BBCF3" box="[369,441,152,178]" name="Brazil" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="13712A6DFFDCFFF8E2EEFF39FDE0BCF3" box="[460,546,152,178]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="23.[151,255,1927,1951]" captionTargetBox="[314,1276,649,1890]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[264,1323,619,1904]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 11: Map showing the distribution of Aplysina along the Brazilian coastline. A. Aplysina insularis (Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti, 1864) B. Aplysina lacunosa (Pallas, 1766). C. Aplysina pergamentacea Hechtel, 1983. D. Aplysina alcicornis sp. n.. Scale bar = 500 km." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/178889/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
A): Bahia State. World:
<collectingCountry id="F35D7678FFDCFFF8E06AFF39FC75BCF3" box="[840,951,152,178]" name="Bahamas" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Bahamas</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F35D7678FFDCFFF8E0E6FF39FC3ABCF3" box="[964,1016,152,178]" name="United States of America" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">U.S.</collectingCountry>
<collectingCountry id="F35D7678FFDCFFF8E721FF39FB6FBCF3" box="[1027,1197,152,178]" name="Virgin Islands" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Virgin Islands</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F35D7678FFDCFFF8E79EFF39FA8EBCF3" box="[1212,1356,152,178]" name="Puerto Rico" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Puerto Rico</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F35D7678FFDCFFF8E679FF39FA55BCF3" box="[1371,1431,152,178]" name="Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Saba</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F35D7678FFDCFFF8E3B5FF1CFF3ABC96" box="[151,248,189,215]" name="Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Bonaire</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF536E8FFDCFFF8E3E4FF43FC83BD65" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,1476]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFDCFFF8E3E4FF43FEE8BCBD" bold="true" box="[198,298,226,252]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Ecology</emphasis>
: The specimens were collected in warm, clear waters, in depths between 3 and
<specimenCount id="9D4CFD61FFDCFFF8E7F7FF43FADBBCBD" box="[1237,1305,226,252]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="generic">
<quantity id="4CB29B0DFFDCFFF8E7F7FF43FAD7BCBD" box="[1237,1301,226,252]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="12.0">12 m</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
The specimens from
<collectingCountry id="F35D7678FFDCFFF8E23EFEABFE46BD65" box="[284,388,266,292]" name="El Salvador" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Salvador</collectingCountry>
(BA) were all exposed to direct light.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3506563FFDCFFF8E3E4FE93FEEFB985" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BF536E8FFDCFFF8E3E4FE93FF1BBEF5" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,1476]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFDCFFF8E3E4FE93FEFABD0D" bold="true" box="[198,312,306,332]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Remarks</emphasis>
: Study of
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6BFFDCFFF8E294FE93FDFFBD0A" box="[438,573,306,331]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="insularis">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFDCFFF8E294FE93FDFFBD0A" box="[438,573,306,331]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">A. insularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
´s
<typeStatus id="54F1884AFFDCFFF8E17EFE93FD05BD0D" box="[604,711,306,332]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
(ZMAPOR 1475) convinced us of it’s unrecognizability as a consequence of its dry, macerated condition. Essential diagnostic characters recognized by us after completion of this revision are the species’ external morphology, and colour alive as well as after preservation. All these are unrecognizable in ZMAPOR 1475, apart from the likelihood that it consisted from a cluster of short tubes. At least three species described here can bear quite comparable morphologies, viz.
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFDCFFF8E75BFE73FA59BDAA" box="[1145,1435,466,491]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6BFFDCFFF8E75BFE73FAC4BDAA" box="[1145,1286,466,491]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fistularis">A. fistularis</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6BFFDCFFF8E631FE73FA59BDAA" box="[1299,1435,466,491]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="insularis">A. insularis</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6BFFDCFFF8E3EAFE5BFEA7BE52" box="[200,357,506,531]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="muricyana" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFDCFFF8E3EAFE5BFEA7BE52" box="[200,357,506,531]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">A. muricyana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20D5781FFDCFFF8E24FFE5BFE66BE55" box="[365,420,506,532]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" rank="species">sp.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Considering this, it appears to us advisable to request the International Commission of Zoological Nomenclature, following the steps outlined in article 75.5 of the ICZN, to set the above mentioned
<typeStatus id="54F1884AFFDCFFF8E3B5FDEBFEC0BE25" box="[151,258,586,612]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
aside for a newly established
<typeStatus id="54F1884AFFDCFFF8E157FDEBFD10BE25" box="[629,722,586,612]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
under the Commission´s plenary power. This has not been done here to avoid a further delay in the publication of this article, which has been under preparation since 2003.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF536E8FFDCFFF8E3E4FD63FC57B8FD" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,1476]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
The diagnosis of
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6BFFDCFFF8E2B1FD63FDD8BE9A" box="[403,538,706,731]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="insularis">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFDCFFF8E2B1FD63FDD8BE9A" box="[403,538,706,731]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">A. insularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by modern authors is also problematic, and care must be taken in the selection of the
<typeStatus id="54F1884AFFDCFFF8E23CFD4BFEBCBF45" box="[286,382,746,772]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
, to make it representative of the majority of the specimens collected this far. van
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB4B19FFDCFFF8E67EFD4BFF27BF6D" author="Soest" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" refString="van Soest, R. W. M. (1978) Marine sponges from Curacao and other caribbean localities. Part I. Keratosa. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and other caribbean Islands 56, 94 pp, I - XV pls." type="book" year="1978">Soest (1978)</bibRefCitation>
and Zea (1987), for example, differentiated
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6BFFDCFFF8E1CDFCB3FCB4BF6A" box="[751,886,786,811]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="insularis">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFDCFFF8E1CDFCB3FCB4BF6A" box="[751,886,786,811]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">A. insularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6BFFDCFFF8E09CFCB3FB85BF6A" box="[958,1095,786,811]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fistularis">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFDCFFF8E09CFCB3FB85BF6A" box="[958,1095,786,811]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">A. fistularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
simply by the former’s short tubes against the latter’s long ones. When the plates of van
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB4B19FFDCFFF8E06EFC9BFB5BBF15" author="Soest" box="[844,1177,826,852]" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" refString="van Soest, R. W. M. (1978) Marine sponges from Curacao and other caribbean localities. Part I. Keratosa. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and other caribbean Islands 56, 94 pp, I - XV pls." type="book" year="1978">
Soest (1978, Plate X,
<figureCitation id="13712A6DFFDCFFF8E769FC9BFB53BF15" box="[1099,1169,826,852]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,255,1711,1735]" captionTargetBox="[286,1298,523,1668]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[271,1317,509,1687]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4: A – C. Aplysina cauliformis (Carter, 1882). A. MNRJ 5482 (after preservation). B. Skeletal architecture (MNRJ 1137). C. Spongin fibres (MNRJ 1137). Scale bars = A. 1 cm, B. 500 µm, C. 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/178882/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
)
</bibRefCitation>
and Zea (1987,
<figureCitation id="13712A6DFFDCFFF8E675FC9BFA5ABF15" box="[1367,1432,826,852]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1346,1370]" captionTargetBox="[293,1294,271,1321]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[280,1308,261,1339]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5: A – C. Aplysina fistularis (Pallas, 1766) — in situ. A. MNRJ 4172 (Salvador, BA, Brazil). B. MNRJ 2666 (Salvador, BA, Brazil). C. Parque Nacional Marinho dos Abrolhos (BA, Brazil). Scale bar = A – B, 1 cm; C, 2 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/178883/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig.5</figureCitation>
. p. 244), plus the BMNH and ZMA specimens analyzed here are compared, it appears that at least two species are included. We consider both BMNH specimens as well as many of the ZMA ones to belong to
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6BFFDCFFF8E636FC2BFA5EBFE2" box="[1300,1436,906,931]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="insularis">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFDCFFF8E636FC2BFA5EBFE2" box="[1300,1436,906,931]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">A. insularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as described here (ZMAPOR 3325, 6814, 16292 and 16303), but Zea’s (1987) material probably belongs to yet another species, as well as ZMAPOR 3349 (with rhizoidal processes). Zea’s (1987) “group of low tubes (
<quantity id="4CB29B0DFFDCFFF8E6AFFC7BFF79B85D" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
in height), that leave an expanded basal mass, with a ramose stalk that penetrates the sockets of the substratum”, as well as the reported “slightly compressible” consistency (as opposed to the very soft consistency of
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6BFFDCFFF8E39FFBF2FE89B82D" box="[189,331,1107,1132]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="insularis">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFDCFFF8E39FFBF2FE89B82D" box="[189,331,1107,1132]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">A. insularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
reported here) appear distinct from every Tropical western Atlantic species of
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6BFFDCFFF8E617FBF2FA59B82D" box="[1333,1435,1107,1132]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFDCFFF8E617FBF2FA59B82D" box="[1333,1435,1107,1132]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Aplysina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
described to date. This material probably belong to a new species which we refrain from naming here before further study of specimens confirms their status as a new species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF536E8FFDCFFF8E3E4FB6BFEEFB985" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,1476]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
Similarly, the specimen illustrated alive by
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB4B19FFDCFFF8E1E3FB6BFC62B8A5" box="[705,928,1226,1252]" pageId="24" pageNumber="50" refString="Collin, R., Diaz, M. C., Norenburg, J., Rocha, R. M., Sanchez, J. A., Schulze, A., Schwartz, M. &amp; Valdes, A. (2005) Photographic identification guide to some common marine invertebrates from Bocas del Toro, Panama. Caribbean Journal of Science, 41, 638 - 707." type="journal article">Collin et al. (2005)</bibRefCitation>
appears distinct from every specimen of
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6BFFDCFFF8E6A1FB6AFF3CB948" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="insularis">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFDCFFF8E6A1FB6AFF3CB948" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">A. insularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
dealt with here, as well as from those formerly assigned to
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6BFFDCFFF8E0EFFB51FB97B948" box="[973,1109,1264,1289]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="insularis">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFDCFFF8E0EFFB51FB97B948" box="[973,1109,1264,1289]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">A. insularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but suggested above to be best assigned to a new species. Collin et al´s specimen misses the large apical pseudoscule and the irregularly lobate form so common in the specimens which are considered to reflect the currently ammended concept of
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6BFFDCFFF8E3B5FAC1FEDCB938" box="[151,286,1376,1401]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="insularis">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFDCFFF8E3B5FAC1FEDCB938" box="[151,286,1376,1401]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">A. insularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. For the sake of nomenclatorial stability, it is advisable to accept the many specimens assigned to
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6BFFDCFFF8E3B5FA24FEDDB9DF" box="[151,287,1413,1438]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="insularis">
<emphasis id="B93EEAFAFFDCFFF8E3B5FA24FEDDB9DF" box="[151,287,1413,1438]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">A. insularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as argued above, and assign Collin et al.´s specimen to another species, possibly new, rather than the opposite.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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