591 lines
54 KiB
XML
591 lines
54 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3791305" ID-GBIF-Dataset="076d885b-94d4-461f-b50f-83259f4cfcb9" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163812807" ID-ISSN="1313–2970" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3791305" ID-ZooBank="29AE9D8C-6875-4F51-A9A1-2BE58375F956" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:70B87229-6C68-4C2A-84BD-35F9E78BACE7" approvalRequired="8" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="8" checkinTime="1588015224165" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gates, Michael" docDate="2009" docId="03DD3B6CFFAEFFE0FF02D6F6FC89FD63" docLanguage="en" docName="ZK_article_2045.pdf" docOrigin="ZooKeys 20 (20)" docStyle="DocumentStylede.uka.ipd.idaho.easyIO.settings.Settings@721fc2e3" docStyleName="zookeys.2008.journal_article" docTitle="Aximopsis masneri Gates 2009, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="70B87229-6C68-4C2A-84BD-35F9E78BACE7" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="172" masterDocId="FFE44314FFACFFE7FF8ED276FFEAFFCD" masterDocTitle="A new species of Aximopsis sensu lato Ashmead (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Eurytomidae) parasitic on Euglossa spp. (Hymenoptera, Apidae)" masterLastPageNumber="174" masterPageNumber="165" pageId="2" pageNumber="167" updateTime="1643568026113" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A new species of Aximopsis sensu lato Ashmead (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Eurytomidae) parasitic on Euglossa spp. (Hymenoptera, Apidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Gates, Michael</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, United States of America</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2009</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2009-09-14</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>20</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>20</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>165</mods:start>
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<mods:end>174</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.20.137</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">076d885b-94d4-461f-b50f-83259f4cfcb9</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1313–2970</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576511</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">29AE9D8C-6875-4F51-A9A1-2BE58375F956</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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||
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3791305" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163812807" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3791305" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:70B87229-6C68-4C2A-84BD-35F9E78BACE7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DD3B6CFFAEFFE0FF02D6F6FC89FD63" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="172" pageId="2" pageNumber="167">
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="167" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph blockId="2.[140,975,1152,1249]" box="[140,515,1152,1178]" pageId="2" pageNumber="167">
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<heading box="[140,515,1152,1178]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="167" reason="3">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,515,1152,1178]" pageId="2" pageNumber="167">
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<taxonomicName authority="Gates" authorityName="Gates" authorityYear="2009" box="[140,438,1152,1178]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Aximopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masneri" status="sp. n.">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,361,1152,1178]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="167">
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<emphasis box="[140,259,1152,1178]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="167" reason="1">Aximopsis</emphasis>
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masneri
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</emphasis>
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Gates
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[450,515,1152,1178]" pageId="2" pageNumber="167" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="2.[140,975,1152,1249]" box="[140,975,1187,1214]" pageId="2" pageNumber="167">
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<uri box="[140,975,1187,1214]" pageId="2" pageNumber="167">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid box="[420,975,1187,1214]" pageId="2" pageNumber="167">70B87229-6C68-4C2A-84BD-35F9E78BACE7</uuid>
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</uri>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[140,251,1223,1249]" pageId="2" pageNumber="167" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="2.[140,975,1152,1249]" box="[140,251,1223,1249]" pageId="2" pageNumber="167">Figs 1–16</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="171" pageId="2" pageNumber="167" type="etymology">
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<paragraph blockId="2.[140,1108,1293,1672]" pageId="2" pageNumber="167">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,273,1293,1319]" pageId="2" pageNumber="167">
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<emphasis box="[140,268,1293,1319]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="167" reason="1">Etymology</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Gates" authorityYear="2009" box="[281,364,1294,1319]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Aximopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masneri">
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<emphasis box="[281,364,1294,1319]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="167">masneri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Latinized, noun) = genitive, singular, masculine, named in honor of Lubomír Masner for his boundless enthusiasm and years of dedication to “black gold.”
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="2.[140,1108,1293,1672]" pageId="2" pageNumber="167">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,391,1363,1389]" pageId="2" pageNumber="167">
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<emphasis box="[185,269,1363,1389]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="167" reason="1">Female</emphasis>
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<typeStatus box="[278,386,1363,1389]" pageId="2" pageNumber="167">holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Body length
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<quantity box="[547,638,1364,1390]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" pageId="2" pageNumber="167" unit="mm" value="3.9">3.9 mm</quantity>
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(
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<quantity box="[655,801,1364,1390]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.45" metricValueMax="4.2" metricValueMin="2.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="167" unit="mm" value="3.45" valueMax="4.2" valueMin="2.7">2.7–4.2 mm</quantity>
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; n=10). Color: Red-brown except for the following darker red-brown to black – head, flagellum apically, pronotum dorsally and ventrolaterally, procoxae basally, along epicnemial carina, femoral depression ventrally, ventrad wing bases, metapleuron, propodeum, petiole, Gt1–3, Gt4 dorsoposteriorly, Gt5–6, syntergum (Fig. 1); gold – antenna, tegula, femora, tibiae, venation; white – extreme tibial apices, tibial spurs, tarsomeres and wing veins.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="2.[140,1108,1293,1672]" pageId="2" pageNumber="167">Head 1.6× as broad as high (Fig. 2), clypeal region slightly elevated, triangular and lacking punctures, extending to intertorular space; ventral margin clypeus very shallowly bilobed (Fig. 3), even with margin of oral fossa; anterior tentorial pits small</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="3.[139,1107,1585,1677]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[139,306,1587,1614]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">
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<emphasis box="[139,239,1587,1614]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" reason="1">Figures</emphasis>
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Ι–8.
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Gates" authorityYear="2009" box="[316,520,1587,1613]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Aximopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masneri">
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<emphasis box="[316,520,1587,1613]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">Aximopsis masneri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, female.
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[646,655,1585,1601]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">
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<superScript attach="left" box="[646,655,1585,1601]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[630,646,1587,1614]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">ΙΙ</emphasis>
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</superScript>
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</emphasis>
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habitus
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[775,784,1585,1601]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">
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<superScript attach="left" box="[775,784,1585,1601]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[759,775,1587,1614]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">22</emphasis>
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</superScript>
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</emphasis>
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head, frontal
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[969,978,1585,1601]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">
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<superScript attach="left" box="[969,978,1585,1601]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[953,969,1587,1614]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">33</emphasis>
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</superScript>
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</emphasis>
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clypeus
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1098,1107,1585,1601]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">
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<superScript attach="none" box="[1098,1107,1585,1601]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1082,1098,1587,1614]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">44</emphasis>
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</superScript>
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</emphasis>
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antenna
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[254,263,1617,1633]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">
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<superScript attach="left" box="[254,263,1617,1633]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[238,254,1619,1646]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">55</emphasis>
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</superScript>
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</emphasis>
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mesosoma, lateral
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[497,506,1617,1633]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">
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<superScript attach="left" box="[497,506,1617,1633]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[480,496,1619,1646]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">66</emphasis>
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</superScript>
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</emphasis>
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mesosoma, anteroventral
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[819,828,1617,1633]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">
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||
<superScript attach="left" box="[819,828,1617,1633]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[803,819,1619,1646]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">77</emphasis>
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</superScript>
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</emphasis>
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propodeum
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[993,1002,1617,1633]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">
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||
<superScript attach="left" box="[993,1002,1617,1633]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[977,993,1619,1646]" pageId="3" pageNumber="168">88</emphasis>
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</superScript>
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</emphasis>
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procoxa, rotated 90° clockwise.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="4.[140,1108,167,1672]" pageId="4" pageNumber="169">but present; genal carina indistinct, gena with impunctate area; malar space 0.63× eye height; mandible tridentate, basal tooth smallest and separated from middle tooth by emargination; toruli positioned above lower ocular line; intertorular space sulcate and bearing two rows of hairs, pointed above. Scrobal depression carinate laterally, carina as slightly raised lobe in dorsal 1/4. Antenna with scape reaching ventral margin of anterior ocellus; ratio of scape (minus radicle):pedicel:anellus: F1:F2: F3:F4:F5:club as 30:8:2:17:12:12:13:10:28; pedicel chalice-shaped; F1 slightly narrowed basally; funicular segments with 2–3 irregular rows of longitudinal sensilla (Fig. 4) and evenly setose; clava apparently bisegmented (C2+C3 fused, former separation faintly indicated). Ratio of lateral ocellus:OOL:POL as 9:10:26. [Head posteriorly lacking postgenal lamina but postgenal grooves evidently ridged, slightly converging ventrally, extending to ½ length maxillary stipes; dorsal and lateral margins of lateral foraminal plate visible, convex; subforaminal plate absent; postgenal sulci narrow, superficial.] Mesosoma with umbilicate sculpture (Fig. 5), 2.0× as long as broad; midlobe of mesoscutum 1.14× as long as broad; scutellum 1.30× as long as broad; notauli complete, indicated as a row of punctae; axillar grooves with pit at mid length; lateral surface of prepectus triangular, narrowly rounded posteriorly, smooth, deep sublaterally; [subventral carinae of prepectus broad, ventral surface of prepectus with median tooth] (Fig. 6). Mesepimeron reticulate to finely striate ventrally, becoming striate dorsally and with indistinct punctae posteriorly, femoral depression finely striate mid-height. Mesepisternum anterior to femoral depression with umbilicate sculpture (Fig. 5), epicnemium imbricate, concave, defined by carinae laterally and ventrally, carina produced medially between procoxae a rounded lamina, forming depressions to receive procoxae (Fig. 6). Metapleuron and lateral areas of propodeum (Figs 5, 7) with umbilicate sculpture, propodeum broadly flattened medially, reticulate, bordered laterally and posteriorly by carinae, 2–3 setose, incomplete cells anterolaterally (Fig. 7), elliptical cell anterad nucha; spiracle about 1/3 its greatest diameter from metanotum. Procoxa imbricate on basal anterior surface, reticulate laterally, oblique carina at midlength defining a shelf for reception of lower head, with ovate setose cell laterally defined by oblique carina, remaining procoxa with setose punctae anteriorly (Fig. 8). Mesocoxa smooth, becoming imbricate apically. Metacoxa elongate-imbricate laterally and dorsally, with indistinct setose punctae along dorsolateral surface. Forewing with ratio of marginal vein:postmarginal vein:stigmal vein as 21:20:18 (Fig. 9). Metasoma smooth to microreticulate, Gt1 smooth with arcuate carina on anterior edge with associated longitudinal rugae, row of three setae present dorsolaterally (Fig. 10); remaining terga and syntergum effaced microreticulate (Fig. 11); [petiole 0.63× as long as broad in dorsal view, with projecting median carina dorsally and indistinctly carinate dorsolaterally (Fig. 12); two subventral carinae converge anteroventrally on petiole, forming triangular prong in lateral view;] measurements of gastral terga along midline as 15:20:20:55:15:20:13.</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="4.[140,1108,167,1672]" pageId="4" pageNumber="169">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,253,1575,1601]" pageId="4" pageNumber="169">
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<emphasis box="[185,247,1575,1601]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="169" reason="1">Male</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Body length
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<quantity box="[412,556,1575,1601]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.65" metricValueMax="2.9" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="169" unit="mm" value="2.65" valueMax="2.9" valueMin="2.4">2.4–2.9 mm</quantity>
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(n=5). Color: as described for female, but with following black – pronotum (especially dorsally), mesopleuron, gaster (Fig. 13); brown – scape, pedicel, flagellum (yellowish ventrally) (Fig. 14). Sculpture as described for fe-
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="5.[140,1107,1585,1678]" pageId="5" pageNumber="170">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,315,1587,1614]" pageId="5" pageNumber="170">
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||
<emphasis box="[140,240,1587,1614]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="170" reason="1">Figures</emphasis>
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9–Ι6.
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Gates" authorityYear="2009" box="[322,521,1587,1613]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Aximopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masneri">
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<emphasis box="[322,521,1587,1613]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="170">Aximopsis masneri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
, female.
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[638,647,1585,1601]" pageId="5" pageNumber="170">
|
||
<superScript attach="left" box="[638,647,1585,1601]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="170">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[622,638,1587,1614]" pageId="5" pageNumber="170">99</emphasis>
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</superScript>
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</emphasis>
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fore wing;
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[772,804,1587,1614]" pageId="5" pageNumber="170">Ι0</emphasis>
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[804,821,1585,1601]" pageId="5" pageNumber="170">
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||
<superScript attach="left" box="[804,821,1585,1601]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="170">Ι0</superScript>
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</emphasis>
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metasoma, anterior;
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1090,1107,1585,1601]" pageId="5" pageNumber="170">
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||
<superScript attach="left" box="[1090,1107,1585,1601]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="170">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1058,1090,1587,1614]" pageId="5" pageNumber="170">ΙΙΙΙ</emphasis>
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</superScript>
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</emphasis>
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metasoma, lateral;
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[351,384,1619,1646]" pageId="5" pageNumber="170">Ι2</emphasis>
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[384,401,1617,1633]" pageId="5" pageNumber="170">
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<superScript attach="left" box="[384,401,1617,1633]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="170">Ι2</superScript>
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</emphasis>
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petiole, lateral. Male:
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[653,685,1619,1646]" pageId="5" pageNumber="170">Ι3</emphasis>
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[685,702,1617,1633]" pageId="5" pageNumber="170">
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||
<superScript attach="left" box="[685,702,1617,1633]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="170">Ι3</superScript>
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||
</emphasis>
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habitus;
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[806,839,1619,1646]" pageId="5" pageNumber="170">Ι4</emphasis>
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[838,855,1617,1633]" pageId="5" pageNumber="170">
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||
<superScript attach="left" box="[838,855,1617,1633]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="170">Ι4</superScript>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
antenna;
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[967,1000,1619,1646]" pageId="5" pageNumber="170">Ι5</emphasis>
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1000,1017,1617,1633]" pageId="5" pageNumber="170">
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||
<superScript attach="left" box="[1000,1017,1617,1633]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="170">Ι5</superScript>
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</emphasis>
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petiole, dorsal.
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[222,255,1651,1678]" pageId="5" pageNumber="170">Ι6</emphasis>
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[254,271,1649,1665]" pageId="5" pageNumber="170">
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<superScript attach="left" box="[254,271,1649,1665]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="170">Ι6</superScript>
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</emphasis>
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dissected nest of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[469,558,1651,1677]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Euglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[469,558,1651,1677]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="170">Euglossa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. with pupa of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Gates" authorityYear="2009" box="[757,957,1651,1677]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Aximopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masneri">
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<emphasis box="[757,957,1651,1677]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="170">Aximopsis masneri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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inside.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[140,1108,167,1672]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">male. Antenna with funicular segments (Fig. 14) minutely pedicellate, each with multiple rows of suberect setae and about 1.0× as long as width of segment; ratio of scape (minus radicle):pedicel:anellus:F1:F2:F3:F4:F5:club as 28:5:2:20:18:17:15:35; scape with ventral plaque unapparent. Gastral petiole in lateral view roughly cylindrical (Fig. 15), in dorsal view length about 1.50× as long as greatest width, subequal in length to metacoxa; evenly reticulate dorsally and ventrally, smoother laterally.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[140,1108,167,1672]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,292,379,404]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">Variation.</emphasis>
|
||
Most variation observed occurs in coloration. Th e clava may be abruptly darker than the funiculars, but sometimes darker brown coloration begins with funicular three or four. Th e pronotum sometimes much more red-brown than black, with this usually beginning laterally and continuing dorsolaterally; only occasionally is the entire pronotum black. Th e mesopleuron is completely black in one Aripo Valley
|
||
<typeStatus box="[932,1026,519,545]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
and all of the Aripo Valley
|
||
<typeStatus box="[347,450,554,580]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
have a darker brown flagellum. Some specimens have Gt1–3 appearing almost solid black or occasionally the entire gaster is a concolorous brownish.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="171" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[140,1108,167,1672]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,359,624,650]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,243,624,650]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" reason="1">Type</emphasis>
|
||
material.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2609008368" collectingDate="1992-04-21" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="J. Coronado & Parasitando" country="Panama" county="Riveras Rio Capira" location="Capira Cabecera" municipality="Rio Capira" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Panama" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<typeStatus box="[369,476,624,650]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCount box="[486,501,625,651]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode box="[519,610,624,650]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[632,756,622,652]" name="Panama" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">PANAMÁ</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[769,862,624,650]" country="Panama" name="Panama" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">Panamá</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCounty box="[875,1096,624,650]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">
|
||
Riveras
|
||
<collectingMunicipality box="[966,1096,624,650]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">Río Capira</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DD3B6CFFAEFFE0FF02D6F6FC89FD63:8EABDCA1FFAAFFE1FF02D0E5FEA0FD60" box="[140,330,659,685]" country="Panama" county="Riveras Rio Capira" municipality="Rio Capira" name="Capira Cabecera" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" stateProvince="Panama">Capira Cabecera</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date box="[342,473,660,686]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" value="1992-04-21">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[342,473,660,686]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" value="1992-04-21">21.IV.1992</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName box="[485,622,659,686]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">J. Coronado</collectorName>
|
||
/
|
||
<collectorName box="[631,765,659,685]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">Parasitando</collectorName>
|
||
celdas de
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[881,970,659,685]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Euglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[881,970,659,685]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">Euglossa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[140,1108,167,1672]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2609008366" box="[185,906,694,722]" collectionCode="BMNH, CNC, MIUP, MZCR, USNM" country="Panama" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" specimenCount="52" specimenCount-female="52" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus box="[185,287,695,721]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount box="[302,360,694,721]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" type="female">52♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
7 ♁♁) (
|
||
<collectionCode box="[454,547,695,721]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode box="[558,623,695,721]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">CNC</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode box="[633,704,695,721]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">MIUP</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode box="[714,799,695,721]" country="Costa Rica" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/qfj6-taa9" name="Museo de Zoologia" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">MZCR</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode box="[810,898,695,721]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2609008363" collectingDate="1992-04-21" collectionCode="MIUP" collectorName="J. Coronado & Parasitando" country="Trinidad and Tobago" county="Riveras Rio Capira" location="Capira Cabecera" municipality="Rio Capira" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" specimenCount="24" specimenCount-female="24" stateProvince="Panama" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
same data as holotype: [mounted
|
||
<specimenCount box="[334,377,730,756]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" type="female">3♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
/pin on 7 pins] (
|
||
<specimenCount box="[562,620,730,756]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" type="female">21♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
<collectionCode box="[629,706,730,756]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">MIUP</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2609008365" collectingDate="1992-04-21" collectionCode="MIUP" collectorName="J. Coronado & Parasitando" country="Trinidad and Tobago" county="Riveras Rio Capira" isTailEnumeration="true" location="Capira Cabecera" municipality="Rio Capira" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" specimenCount="6" specimenCount-female="6" stateProvince="Panama" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
[mounted
|
||
<specimenCount box="[844,887,730,756]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" type="female">2♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
1 ♁/pin on two pins] (
|
||
<specimenCount box="[208,252,765,792]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" type="female">4♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
2 ♁
|
||
<collectionCode box="[314,391,766,792]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">MIUP</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2609008370" box="[408,1060,764,792]" collectionCode="BMNH, CNC" country="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" specimenCount="9" specimenCount-female="9" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
[
|
||
<specimenCount box="[416,460,765,792]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" type="female">3♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
/pin on 2 pins, date is 20.IV] (
|
||
<specimenCount box="[786,829,765,792]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" type="female">3♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
<collectionCode box="[835,927,766,792]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount box="[937,980,765,792]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" type="female">3♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
<collectionCode box="[986,1052,765,791]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">CNC</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2609008369" box="[140,617,800,828]" collectionCode="USNM" country="Trinidad and Tobago" isTailEnumeration="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
[3♁♁/pin on 1 pin date is 20.IV] (
|
||
<collectionCode box="[520,609,800,826]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2609008367" box="[629,983,800,828]" collectionCode="MZCR" country="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="4" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
[
|
||
<specimenCount box="[636,681,800,827]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" type="female">4♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
1 ♁ /pin 20.IV] (
|
||
<collectionCode box="[888,975,800,826]" country="Costa Rica" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/qfj6-taa9" name="Museo de Zoologia" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">MZCR</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2609008364" collectionCode="USNM" country="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="5" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
[
|
||
<specimenCount box="[1003,1047,800,827]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" type="female">3♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
/pin 20.IV (
|
||
<specimenCount box="[222,265,836,862]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" type="female">2♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
now mounted, partially dissected, on separate pins)] (
|
||
<collectionCode box="[871,960,836,862]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2609008371" collectingDate="1965-04" collectingDateMax="1973-02" collectingDateMin="1965-04" collectionCode="USNM, BMNH" country="Panama" determinerName="D. Quintero & E. Grissell" location="Ex" municipality="Aripo Valley" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" specimenCount="24" specimenCount-female="24" stateProvince="Colon" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
[
|
||
<specimenCount box="[989,1033,836,862]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" type="female">3♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
/pin 20.IV (with additional labels:
|
||
<taxonomicName authority=", Rileya" authorityName="Rileya" box="[469,694,871,897]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Eurytomidae, Rileya</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.?, det.
|
||
<determinerName box="[803,941,871,897]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">D. Quintero</determinerName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[997,1107,871,897]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Eurytoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eurytoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp., det.
|
||
<determinerName box="[230,343,906,932]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">E. Grissell</determinerName>
|
||
, 1994) (
|
||
<collectionCode box="[434,523,906,932]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[541,662,903,933]" name="Panama" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">PANAMÁ</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[671,743,906,932]" country="Panama" name="Colon" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">Colon</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<date box="[753,865,906,932]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" value="1973-02">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[753,865,906,932]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" value="1973-02">Feb. 1973</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, nest
|
||
<taxonomicName authority=", R. L. Dressler" authorityName="R. L. Dressler" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Euglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cybelia">Euglossa cybelia, R. L. Dressler</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount box="[306,333,941,968]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
<collectionCode box="[346,435,941,967]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[452,792,941,967]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality box="[801,936,941,967]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">Aripo Valley</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<date box="[946,1067,941,968]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" value="1965-04">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[946,1067,941,968]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" value="1965-04">April 1965</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DD3B6CFFAEFFE0FF02D6F6FC89FD63:8EABDCA1FFAAFFE1FBB8D1D8FBB9FC05" box="[1078,1107,942,968]" country="Panama" municipality="Aripo Valley" name="Ex" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" stateProvince="Colon">Ex</location>
|
||
cells of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Friese" authorityYear="1899" box="[222,419,976,1002]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Euglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variabilis">Euglossa variabilis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount box="[435,478,976,1003]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" type="female">3♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
/pin with FDB-7 label;
|
||
<specimenCount box="[739,782,976,1003]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" type="female">2♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
1 ♁ /pin with FDB-4 label;
|
||
<specimenCount box="[140,183,1012,1038]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" type="female">2♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
with FDB-6 label;
|
||
<specimenCount box="[394,437,1012,1038]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" type="female">3♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
/pin with FDB-5 label) (
|
||
<specimenCount box="[705,748,1012,1038]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" type="female">8♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
1 ♁
|
||
<collectionCode box="[840,927,1012,1038]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount box="[938,981,1012,1038]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" type="female">2♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
<collectionCode box="[987,1081,1012,1038]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="171" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[140,1108,167,1672]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,263,1047,1073]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,258,1047,1073]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" reason="1">Hosts</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[277,368,1047,1073]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Euglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[277,368,1047,1073]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">Euglossa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Moure (1968)" authorityName="Moure" authorityYear="1968" box="[435,801,1047,1074]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Euglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cybelia">
|
||
<emphasis box="[435,614,1047,1073]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">Euglossa cybelia</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Moure JS" box="[628,801,1047,1074]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" pagination="13 - 64" refId="ref4127" refString="Moure JS (1968) Especies novas de Euglossa da America Central (Hymenoptera, Apidae). Boletim da Universidade do Parana 3: 13 - 64." type="journal article" year="1968">Moure (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Friese (1899)" authorityName="Friese" authorityYear="1899" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Euglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variabilis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[819,1028,1047,1073]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">Euglossa variabilis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Friese H" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" pagination="124 - 157" refId="ref3597" refString="Friese H (1899) Monographie der Bienengattungen Euglossa. Termeszetrajzi Fuzetek 22: 124 - 157." type="journal article" year="1899">Friese (1899)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig. 16)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="172" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[140,1108,167,1672]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,654,1117,1143]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,316,1117,1143]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" reason="1">Discussion</emphasis>
|
||
and biological information.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The head with preorbital carinae, lower face punctate and without striae, procoxae with oblique shelflike carina, prepectus pitlike sublaterally, and mesepimeron striate indicate that
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gates" authorityYear="2009" box="[777,979,1188,1214]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Aximopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masneri">
|
||
<emphasis box="[777,979,1188,1214]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">Aximopsis masneri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
belongs to the
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Boheman" baseAuthorityYear="1836" box="[183,284,1223,1249]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Azteca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nodularis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[183,284,1223,1249]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">nodularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group as outlined in
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Lotfalizadeh H & Delvare G & Rasplus JY" box="[608,897,1223,1249]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" pagination="441 - 510" refId="ref4090" refString="Lotfalizadeh H, Delvare G, Rasplus JY (2007) Phylogenetic analysis of Eurytominae (Chalcidoidea: Eurytomidae) based on morphological characters. Zoological Journal of the Linnaean Society 151: 441 - 510." type="journal article" year="2007">Lotfalizadeh et al. (2007)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gates" authorityYear="2009" box="[907,1107,1223,1249]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Aximopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masneri">
|
||
<emphasis box="[907,1107,1223,1249]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">Aximopsis masneri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may be separated from species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Boheman" baseAuthorityYear="1836" box="[556,657,1258,1284]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Azteca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nodularis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[556,657,1258,1284]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">nodularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group by its majority red-brown coloration, and broadly flattened, reticulate median area of the propodeum. Other
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Boheman" baseAuthorityYear="1836" box="[140,241,1328,1354]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Azteca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nodularis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[140,241,1328,1354]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">nodularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group species are nearly completely black and have a differently sculptured propodeum, usually coarsely punctate and/or with a narrow median channel.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[140,1108,167,1672]" lastBlockId="7.[140,1108,167,299]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="172" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">
|
||
Most reports detailing parasitoid
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[563,723,1399,1425]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hymenoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
, specifically
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1817" box="[865,1017,1399,1425]" pageId="6" pageNumber="172" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Chalcidoidea">Chalcidoidea</taxonomicName>
|
||
, known to parasitize
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[285,401,1434,1460]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Euglossini">Euglossini</taxonomicName>
|
||
list certain taxa of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[624,763,1434,1460]" class="Insecta" family="Leucospidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Leucospidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Bouček 1974;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cameron SA & Ramirez S" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" pagination="142 - 165" refId="ref3536" refString="Cameron SA, Ramirez S (2001) Nest Architecture and Nesting Ecology of the Orchid Bee Eulaema meriana (Olivier) (Hymenoptera: Apinae: Euglossini). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 74 (3): 142 - 165" type="journal article" year="2001">Cameron and Ramírez 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1833" box="[331,453,1469,1495]" class="Insecta" family="Torymidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Torymidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Sakagami SF & Sturm H" box="[473,792,1469,1496]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" pagination="83 - 92" refId="ref4264" refString="Sakagami SF, Sturm H (1965) Euplusia longipennis (Friese) und ihre merkwurdigen Brutzellen aus Kolumbien. Insecta Matsumurana 28: 83 - 92, pls. XI-XVI." type="journal article" year="1965">Sakagami and Sturm 1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Zucchi R & Sakagami SF & de Camargo JMF" box="[809,1033,1469,1496]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" pagination="271 - 380" refId="ref4451" refString="Zucchi R, Sakagami SF, de Camargo JMF (1969) Biological observations on a neotropical parasocial bee, Eulaema nigrita, with a review on the biology of Euglossinae (Hymenoptera, Apidae). A comparative study. Journal of the Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University Ser. VI, Zool. 17: 271 - 380." type="journal article" year="1969">Zucchi et al. 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Grissell EE" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" pagination="234 - 265" refId="ref3862" refString="Grissell EE (2007) Torymidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) associated with bees (Apoidea), with a list of chalcidoid bee parasitoids. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 16 (2): 234 - 265." type="journal article" year="2007">Grissell 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Otero JT" box="[259,397,1504,1530]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" pagination="57 - 60" refId="ref4194" refString="Otero JT (2001) Monodontomerus argentinus Brethes (Hymenoptera: Torymidae): A new parasitoid of Eglossa nigropilosa Moure (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Euglossinae). Pan-Pacific Entomologist 77 (1): 57 - 60." type="journal article" year="2001">Otero 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Garofalo et al. 1998)" baseAuthorityName="Garofalo" baseAuthorityYear="1998" box="[470,862,1504,1531]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
|
||
Eulophidae (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Garofalo CA & Camillo E & Augusto SC & de Jesus BMV & Serrano JC" box="[615,853,1504,1531]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" pagination="589 - 596" refId="ref3615" refString="Garofalo CA, Camillo E, Augusto SC, de Jesus BMV, Serrano JC (1998) Nest structure and communal nesting in Euglossa (Glossura) annectans Dressler (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Euglossini). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 15 (3): 589 - 596." type="journal article" year="1998">Garófalo et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Roubik DW & Hanson PE" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" refId="ref4234" refString="Roubik DW, Hanson PE (2004) Orchid Bees of Tropical America: Biology and Field Guide. InBIO Press, Heredia, Costa Rica, 370 pp." type="book" year="2004">Roubik and Hanson (2004)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported that they reared
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[508,614,1540,1565]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Eurytoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[508,614,1540,1565]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">Eurytoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. from nesting boxes of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Cockerell (1917)" authorityName="Cockerell" authorityYear="1917" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Euglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hemichlora">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">Euglossa hemichlora</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cockerell TDA" box="[171,365,1575,1601]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" pagination="144 - 146" refId="ref3580" refString="Cockerell TDA (1917) Some euglossine bees. Canadian Entomologist 49: 144 - 146." type="journal article" year="1917">Cockerell (1917)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[407,500,1575,1601]" name="Panama" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gonzalez V & Ospina M & Palacios E & Trujillo E" box="[513,769,1575,1601]" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" pagination="23 - 29" refId="ref3901" refString="Gonzalez V, Ospina M, Palacios E, Trujillo E (2007) Nesting habitats and rates of cell parasitism in some bee species of the genera Ancycloscelis, Centris, and Euglossa (Hymenoptera: Apidae) from Colombia. Boletin del Museo de Entomologia de la Universidad del Valle 8 (2): 23 - 29." type="journal article" year="2007">Gonzalez et al. (2007)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported rearing a gregarious eurytomid from the nests of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Moure" authorityYear="1968" box="[466,635,1610,1636]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Euglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cybelia">
|
||
<emphasis box="[466,635,1610,1636]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">Euglossa cybelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Th e nominate member (
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Boheman))" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Boheman" baseAuthorityYear="1836" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Aximopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nodularis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">Aximopsis nodularis</emphasis>
|
||
(Boheman))
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of the
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Boheman" baseAuthorityYear="1836" box="[414,515,1645,1671]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Aximopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nodularis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[414,515,1645,1671]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="171">nodularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group is known to attack a variety of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[950,1107,1646,1672]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hymenoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
such as
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[235,314,167,193]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Apidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[334,429,167,193]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Ceratina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[334,429,167,193]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="172">Ceratina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Spinola" authorityYear="1808" box="[490,585,167,193]" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Heriades" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[490,585,167,193]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="172">Heriades</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.,
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[646,755,167,193]" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[646,755,167,193]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="172">Megachile</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.,
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[815,886,167,193]" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Osmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[815,886,167,193]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="172">Osmia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp.,
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[963,1049,167,192]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Prosopis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Fabales" pageId="7" pageNumber="172" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[963,1049,167,192]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="172">Prosopis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.),
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[140,256,202,228]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Cynipidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[276,483,202,228]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Cynips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercusfolii">
|
||
<emphasis box="[276,483,202,228]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="172">Cynips quercusfolii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L. (1758)),
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[633,746,202,228]" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Sphecidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Latreille 1809" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1809" box="[766,1100,202,228]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Nitela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinolai">
|
||
<emphasis box="[766,928,202,228]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="172">Nitela spinolai</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Latreille PA" box="[939,1100,202,228]" pageId="7" pageNumber="172" refId="ref3999" refString="Latreille PA (1809) Genera Crustaceorum et Insectorum secundum ordinem naturalem in familias disposita, iconibus exemplisque plurimis explicata. Amand Koenig, Parisiis et Argentorati, Tomus quartus et ultimus, 399 pp." type="book" year="1809">Latreille 1809</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Shuckard 1837)" baseAuthorityName="Shuckard" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[140,565,237,263]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Pemphredon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lethifer">
|
||
<emphasis box="[140,360,237,263]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="172">Pemphredon lethifer</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Shuckard WE" box="[378,557,237,263]" pageId="7" pageNumber="172" pagination="1 - 4" refId="ref4320" refString="Shuckard WE (1837) Essay on the indigenous fossorial Hymenoptera; comprising a description of all the British species of burrowing sand wasps contained in the metropolitan collections; with their habits as far as they have been observed. Richter and Co., London. XII pp., one pl., 252 + [2] pp., pls. 1 - 4, [4] pp." type="book chapter" year="1837">Shuckard 1837</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Tournier 1889)" baseAuthorityName="Tournier" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[583,972,237,263]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Psenulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schencki">
|
||
<emphasis box="[583,774,237,263]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="172">Psenulus schencki</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Tournier H" box="[792,964,237,263]" pageId="7" pageNumber="172" pagination="102 - 115" refId="ref4395" refString="Tournier H (1889) Hymenopteres. Descriptions d'especes nouvelles & remarques diverses. L'Entomologiste Genevois 5: 102 - 115." type="journal article" year="1889">Tournier 1889</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1796" box="[989,1108,237,263]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Trypoxylon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[989,1108,237,263]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="172">Trypoxylon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp.), and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[259,358,272,298]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Vespidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Saussere 1856)) (Noyes 2003)" authorityName=") (Noyes" authorityYear="2003" baseAuthorityName="Saussere" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[375,993,272,299]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Symmorphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="debilitatus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[375,633,272,298]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="172">Symmorphus debilitatus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Saussere H de" box="[648,809,272,299]" pageId="7" pageNumber="172" refId="ref4296" refString="Saussere H de (1856) Etudes de la famille des Vespides. Masson, Paris, and J. Cherbuliez, Geneve." type="book" year="1856">Saussere 1856</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Noyes JS" box="[842,984,272,298]" pageId="7" pageNumber="172" refId="ref4156" refString="Noyes JS (2003) Universal Chalcidoidea Database. World Wide Web electronic publication. www. nhm. ac. uk / entomology / chalcidoids / index. html [accessed 05 - March- 2009]." type="journal volume" year="2003">Noyes 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[140,393,393,420]" box="[140,393,393,420]" pageId="7" pageNumber="172">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,393,393,420]" pageId="7" pageNumber="172">Acknowledgments</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[140,1108,448,686]" pageId="7" pageNumber="172">
|
||
I thank Dr. Diomedes Quintero (G.B. Fairchild Invertebrates Museum, University of
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[174,268,484,510]" name="Panama" pageId="7" pageNumber="172">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
), Michael Pogue (Systematic Entomology Laboratory [SEL], PSI, ARS, USDA) and David Smith (SEL, ret,) for their critical reviews and suggestions for this paper. Lynn Kimsey (University of
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[533,651,554,580]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="7" pageNumber="172">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Davis, CA,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[792,848,554,580]" name="United States of America" pageId="7" pageNumber="172">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
) confirmed the euglossine nest cell was that of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[436,525,589,615]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Euglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[436,525,589,615]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="172">Euglossa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. Th anks also go to Scott Whittaker (SEM Lab Manager of the Scanning Electron Microscopy Lab, Smithsonian Institution, National Museum Natural History) for stub preparation and SEM access.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |