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<document id="4EBAEBB4C642CD9C6D35045126A398D2" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5323.3.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8209415" ID-ZooBank="C022FD72-9C54-4A89-A880-3D99F52C8499" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1691006370328" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Tan, Ming Kai, Salvador, Jewel Anne G., Sabang, Aira Mae M., Bahoy, Daphne Cayle M., Nuñeza, Olga Macas &amp; Robillard, Tony" docDate="2023" docId="03B587EEE76A67520CFEC5912E79FA90" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5323.3.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5323 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5323.3.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Varitrella (Cantotrella) fuscoirrorata Tan &amp; Salvador &amp; Sabang &amp; Bahoy &amp; Nuñeza &amp; Robillard 2023, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="322" masterDocId="FF8CFF96E77A67470C69C3582A4BFFA1" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy and bioacoustics of little-known Grylloidea crickets (Orthoptera, Ensifera) from Mindanao, Philippines" masterLastPageNumber="348" masterPageNumber="301" pageNumber="317" updateTime="1691007180022" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="313B1F363D5A6BB70AA321A8DB8B8CC8">Taxonomy and bioacoustics of little-known Grylloidea crickets (Orthoptera, Ensifera) from Mindanao, Philippines</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7DD74EDC5EC878D7167D1E7106574E07">Tan, Ming Kai</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CB138BE1F3542275D10B85E90A71FEEA">Salvador, Jewel Anne G.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="DD150F83CE493756A7C517FCFA84A7D9">Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Mathematics, Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, Tibanga, Iligan City 9200, Philippines</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="004F0D8DF15ECC3EE4D3CB6CB93600F3">Sabang, Aira Mae M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="288CCC078964D6775CE3AB25DDE5DB3A">Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Mathematics, Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, Tibanga, Iligan City 9200, Philippines</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="3C06E06FFDBFE2D08637461A0120782E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="C592F10F361F926E5CC76D8115DA75F5">Bahoy, Daphne Cayle M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="578F70DD9D9E80DA296FCB355646CB47">Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Mathematics, Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, Tibanga, Iligan City 9200, Philippines</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="440ECC778D92ABF8BCA7A7B33F87B64F">Nuñeza, Olga Macas</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="A5AEA5A42CC17D8384A058A989BD0A4B">Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Mathematics, Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, Tibanga, Iligan City 9200, Philippines</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="AB68B63F02B307545095A7FF0EF95666">Robillard, Tony</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="227DEBC911691C430B7824B1556BE81F">Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, CNRS, SU, EPHE, UA, 57 rue Cuvier, CP 50, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France.</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="03B587EEE76A67520CFEC5912E79FA90" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587EEE76A67520CFEC5912E79FA90" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587EEE76A67520CFEC5912E79FA90" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="322" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">
<subSubSection id="C3066573E76A67570CFEC59129FDF942" box="[151,950,1737,1764]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BA336F8E76A67570CFEC59129FDF942" blockId="16.[151,950,1737,1799]" box="[151,950,1737,1764]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">
<heading id="D0EB8194E76A67570CFEC59129FDF942" bold="true" box="[151,950,1737,1764]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76A67570CFEC59129FDF942" bold="true" box="[151,950,1737,1764]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D7BE76A67570CFEC5912962F942" authority="(Chopard, 1925)" authorityName="Tan &amp; Salvador &amp; Sabang &amp; Bahoy &amp; Nuñeza &amp; Robillard" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Chopard" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[151,809,1737,1764]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Varitrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscoirrorata" status="comb. nov." subGenus="Cantotrella">
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76A67570CFEC5912B42F945" bold="true" box="[151,265,1737,1764]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">Varitrella</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76A67570D73C5912BE8F945" bold="true" box="[282,419,1737,1764]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">Cantotrella</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76A67570DDDC591281FF942" bold="true" box="[436,596,1737,1763]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">fuscoirrorata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B09E76A67570E0DC591296BF942" author="Chopard, L." box="[612,800,1737,1763]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" pagination="291 - 332" refId="ref17112" refString="Chopard, L. (1925) Descriptions de Gryllides nouveaux. Annales de Societe entomologique de France, 94, 291 - 332." type="journal article" year="1925">Chopard, 1925</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25B5791E76A67570F59C59129FDF942" box="[816,950,1737,1763]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3066573E76A67570CFEC5B52B6CF8A6" box="[151,295,1773,1799]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA336F8E76A67570CFEC5B52B6CF8A6" blockId="16.[151,950,1737,1799]" box="[151,295,1773,1799]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">
(
<figureCitation id="13272A7DE76A67570CF6C5B52B54F8A6" box="[159,287,1773,1799]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 17" captionStart-1="FIGURE 18" captionStart-2="FIGURE 19" captionStartId-0="17.[151,250,1604,1628]" captionStartId-1="19.[151,250,1873,1897]" captionStartId-2="20.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,181,1561]" captionTargetBox-1="[164,1421,197,1834]" captionTargetBox-2="[233,1354,196,1905]" captionTargetId-0="figure-17@17.[151,1436,181,1581]" captionTargetId-1="figure-17@19.[151,1436,181,1850]" captionTargetId-2="figure-17@20.[218,1369,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId-0="17" captionTargetPageId-1="19" captionTargetPageId-2="20" captionText-0="FIGURE 17. Varitrella (Cantotrella) fuscoirrorata comb. nov. ♁ in its natural environment, on the foliage of Zea mays (A); habitus in dorsal (B) and lateral (C) views. Scar bars: 5 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 18. Varitrella (Cantotrella) fuscoirrorata comb. nov. ♁: head and pronotum in dorsal (A) and lateral (C) views; face in anterior view (B); FWs in dorsal (D) and lateral (E) views; subgenital plate in ventral view (F). Scale bars: 5 mm (D, E), 2 mm (A–C), 1 mm (F)." captionText-2="FIGURE 19. Varitrella (Cantotrella) fuscoirrorata comb. nov. ♁ genitalia in dorsal (A), ventral (B, C) and lateral (D, E) views. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8209461" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8209465" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8209467" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/8209461/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/8209465/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/8209467/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">Figs 17–19</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3066573E76A67570CFEC46A2FDAF832" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BA336F8E76A67570CFEC46A2911F8EB" blockId="16.[151,858,1841,1866]" box="[151,858,1841,1866]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0C11D6E76A67570CFEC46A2911F8EB" box="[151,858,1841,1866]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10E9E76A67570CFEC46A283CF8EB" author="Chopard, L." box="[151,631,1841,1866]" page="320" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" year="1925">
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D7BE76A67570CFEC46A283CF8EB" ID-CoL="6R3KS" authority="Chopard, 1925: 320" authorityName="Chopard" authorityPageNumber="320" authorityYear="1925" box="[151,631,1841,1866]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Madasumma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscoirrorata">
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76A67570CFEC46A2BEDF8EB" box="[151,422,1842,1866]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">Madasumma fuscoirrorata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B09E76A67570DC4C46A283CF8EB" author="Chopard, L." box="[429,631,1841,1866]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" pagination="291 - 332" refId="ref17112" refString="Chopard, L. (1925) Descriptions de Gryllides nouveaux. Annales de Societe entomologique de France, 94, 291 - 332." type="journal article" year="1925">Chopard, 1925: 320</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
—
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10E9E76A67570EF8C46A2911F8EB" author="Chopard, L." box="[657,858,1842,1866]" page="372" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" year="1968">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B09E76A67570EF8C46A2911F8EB" author="Chopard, L." box="[657,858,1842,1866]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" refId="ref17161" refString="Chopard, L. (1968) Fam. Gryllidae: Subfam. Mogoplistinae, Myrmecophilinae, Scleropterinae, Cachoplistinae, Pteroplistinae, Pentacentrinae, Phalangopsinae, Trigonidiinae, Eneopterinae; Fam. Oecanthidae, Gryllotalpidae. In: Beier, M. (Ed.), Orthopterorum Catalogus. Vol. 12. Junk, ' s-Gravenhage [The Hague], pp. 213 - 500." type="book" year="1968">Chopard, 1968: 372</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336F8E76A67570CFEC4202FDAF832" blockId="16.[151,1425,1912,1940]" box="[151,1425,1912,1940]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76A67570CFEC4202BC7F833" bold="true" box="[151,396,1912,1938]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">Specimen examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B743CA5E76A67570DFBC4202FDAF832" box="[402,1425,1912,1940]" collectorName="C. F. Baker" country="Philippines" location="Iligan" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Iligan" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76A67570DFBC4202842F833" bold="true" box="[402,521,1912,1938]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">
<typeStatus id="54A7885AE76A67570DFBC4202848F833" box="[402,515,1912,1938]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F30B7668E76A67570E79C42028FEF833" box="[528,693,1912,1938]" name="Philippines" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">PHILIPPINES</collectingCountry>
• ♁; Mindanao,
<collectingRegion id="49D8F81AE76A67570F19C42029FEF833" box="[880,949,1912,1938]" country="Philippines" name="Iligan" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">Iligan</collectingRegion>
; coll.
<collectorName id="26E9532EE76A67570F91C4202E38F833" box="[1016,1139,1912,1938]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">C.F. Baker</collectorName>
; MNHN-EO-ENSIF6695
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF636670E76B67560CFEC51C28B1F921" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8209461" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8209461" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8209461/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" startId="17.[151,250,1604,1628]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1561]" targetPageId="17" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BA336F8E76B67560CFEC51C28B1F921" blockId="17.[151,1436,1604,1665]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76B67560CFEC51C2B6AF9FD" bold="true" box="[151,289,1604,1628]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">FIGURE 17.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D7BE76B67560D41C51D28E9F9FC" authorityName="Tan &amp; Salvador &amp; Sabang &amp; Bahoy &amp; Nuñeza &amp; Robillard" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Chopard" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[296,674,1605,1629]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Varitrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscoirrorata" status="comb. nov." subGenus="Cantotrella">
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76B67560D41C51D2BC3F9FC" box="[296,392,1605,1629]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Varitrella</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76B67560DF1C51D2847F9FC" box="[408,524,1605,1629]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Cantotrella</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76B67560E75C51D28E9F9FC" box="[540,674,1605,1629]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">fuscoirrorata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76B67560EC3C51D2954F9FC" bold="true" box="[682,799,1605,1629]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25B5791E76B67560EC3C51D2954F9FC" box="[682,799,1605,1629]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
♁ in its natural environment, on the foliage of
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D7BE76B67560960C51D2F21F9FD" box="[1289,1386,1605,1628]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Zea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mays">
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76B67560960C51D2F21F9FD" box="[1289,1386,1605,1628]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Zea mays</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(A); habitus in dorsal (B) and lateral (C) views. Scar bars: 5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C3066573E76B67560CAEC58B2ECDF8DC" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BA336F8E76B67560CAEC58B2ECDF8DC" blockId="17.[151,1437,1746,2025]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76B67560CAEC58B2848F94D" bold="true" box="[199,515,1746,1773]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">New specimens examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B743CA5E76B67560E65C58B2ECDF8DC" collectingDate="2022-05-11" collectingDateMax="2023-04-02" collectingDateMin="2022-05-11" collectionCode="PNM, ZRC" collectorName="M. Salvador &amp; Salvador, J. A &amp; Salvador, B &amp; A. M. Sabang &amp; D. C. M. Bahoy" country="Philippines" county="Mindanao" elevation="475" latitude="8.948889" location="Barangay Marbon" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="124.86528" municipality="Talacogon" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Agusan del Sur">
<collectingCountry id="F30B7668E76B67560E65C58B28FAF94C" box="[524,689,1747,1773]" name="Philippines" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">PHILIPPINES</collectingCountry>
• 1♁;
<collectingCounty id="62C24E74E76B67560F6BC58B293DF94C" box="[770,886,1747,1773]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Mindanao</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingRegion id="49D8F81AE76B67560FEBC58B2E7DF94C" box="[898,1078,1747,1773]" country="Philippines" name="Agusan del Sur" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Agusan del Sur</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC7AC82E76B6756082BC58B2EF2F94C" box="[1090,1209,1747,1773]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Talacogon</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EC36023E76B675608AEC58B2FD3F94C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587EEE76A67520CFEC5912E79FA90:8EC36023E76B675608AEC58B2FD3F94C" box="[1223,1432,1747,1773]" country="Philippines" county="Mindanao" latitude="8.948889" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="124.86528" municipality="Talacogon" name="Barangay Marbon" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" stateProvince="Agusan del Sur">Barangay Marbon</location>
;
<geoCoordinate id="EE28503FE76B67560CFEC5AF2B6DF8B0" box="[151,294,1783,1809]" degrees="8.3963847" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" precision="1" value="8.396384">N8.3963847</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE28503FE76B67560D5BC5AF2B92F8B3" box="[306,473,1783,1810]" degrees="125.8110506" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" precision="1" value="125.81105">E125.8110506</geoCoordinate>
;
<date id="FFA21038E76B67560D8FC5AF28CAF8B0" box="[486,641,1783,1809]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" value="2022-05-11">
<collectingDate id="EFE6E9D0E76B67560D8FC5AF28CAF8B0" box="[486,641,1783,1809]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" value="2022-05-11">11 May 2022</collectingDate>
</date>
, 22h04; on the foliage of
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D7BE76B67560FC2C5A02E53F8B0" box="[939,1048,1784,1809]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Zea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mays">
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76B67560FC2C5A02E53F8B0" box="[939,1048,1784,1809]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Zea mays</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; coll.
<collectorName id="26E9532EE76B6756080BC5AF2EBBF8B0" box="[1122,1264,1783,1809]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">M. Salvador</collectorName>
, J.A.
<collectorName id="26E9532EE76B6756095AC5AF2AE6F894" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Salvador, B</collectorName>
. Beramo; 30JAS952 (
<collectionCode id="ED0DAE3DE76B67560DC5C4432BA7F894" box="[428,492,1819,1845]" country="Philippines" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mxaf-c5e2" name="Philippine National Museum" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">PNM</collectionCode>
) (
<figureCitation id="13272A7DE76B67560E6EC4432824F894" box="[519,623,1819,1845]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1604,1628]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1561]" captionTargetId="figure-17@17.[151,1436,181,1581]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 17. Varitrella (Cantotrella) fuscoirrorata comb. nov. ♁ in its natural environment, on the foliage of Zea mays (A); habitus in dorsal (B) and lateral (C) views. Scar bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8209461" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8209461/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Fig. 17A</figureCitation>
) • 1♁;
<location id="8EC36023E76B67560EA2C4432974F894" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587EEE76A67520CFEC5912E79FA90:8EC36023E76B67560EA2C4432974F894" box="[715,831,1819,1845]" country="Philippines" county="Mindanao" latitude="8.948889" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="124.86528" municipality="Talacogon" name="Mindanao" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" stateProvince="Agusan del Sur">Mindanao</location>
,
<location id="8EC36023E76B67560F27C443298FF894" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587EEE76A67520CFEC5912E79FA90:8EC36023E76B67560F27C443298FF894" box="[846,964,1819,1845]" country="Philippines" county="Mindanao" latitude="8.948889" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="124.86528" municipality="Talacogon" name="Balingoan" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" stateProvince="Agusan del Sur">Balingoan</location>
,
<location id="8EC36023E76B67560FBBC4432ED2F894" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587EEE76A67520CFEC5912E79FA90:8EC36023E76B67560FBBC4432ED2F894" box="[978,1177,1819,1845]" country="Philippines" county="Mindanao" latitude="8.948889" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="124.86528" municipality="Talacogon" name="Barangay Mapua" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" stateProvince="Agusan del Sur">Barangay Mapua</location>
,
<location id="8EC36023E76B675608CEC4432B59F8F8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587EEE76A67520CFEC5912E79FA90:8EC36023E76B675608CEC4432B59F8F8" country="Philippines" county="Mindanao" latitude="8.948889" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="124.86528" municipality="Talacogon" name="Mimbilisan Protected Landscape" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" stateProvince="Agusan del Sur">Mimbilisan Protected Landscape</location>
;
<geoCoordinate id="EE28503FE76B67560D76C4672BEBF8F8" box="[287,416,1855,1881]" degrees="8.948889" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" precision="1" value="8.948889">N8.948889</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE28503FE76B67560DC5C467280EF8FB" box="[428,581,1855,1882]" degrees="124.865278" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" precision="1" value="124.86528">E124.865278</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CE49B1DE76B67560E38C4672892F8F8" box="[593,729,1855,1882]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" unit="m" value="475.0" valueMax="500.0" valueMin="450.0">
<elevation id="0031D1CBE76B67560E38C4672892F8F8" box="[593,729,1855,1882]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" unit="m" value="475.0" valueMax="500.0" valueMin="450.0">450–500 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.a.s.l;
<date id="FFA21038E76B67560F7FC46729E2F8F8" box="[790,937,1855,1881]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" value="2023-04-02">
<collectingDate id="EFE6E9D0E76B67560F7FC46729E2F8F8" box="[790,937,1855,1881]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" value="2023-04-02">2 April 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
, 19h00; open area outside secondary forest, on a surface of a bush; coll.
<collectorName id="26E9532EE76B67560DB8C43B282EF8DC" box="[465,613,1891,1917]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">A.M. Sabang</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26E9532EE76B67560EE3C43B2979F8DC" box="[650,818,1891,1917]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">D.C.M. Bahoy</collectorName>
; A205 (
<collectionCode id="ED0DAE3DE76B67560FE0C43B2988F8DC" box="[905,963,1891,1917]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">ZRC</collectionCode>
) (
<figureCitation id="13272A7DE76B67560FB0C43B2E35F8DC" box="[985,1150,1891,1917]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1604,1628]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1561]" captionTargetId="figure-17@17.[151,1436,181,1581]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 17. Varitrella (Cantotrella) fuscoirrorata comb. nov. ♁ in its natural environment, on the foliage of Zea mays (A); habitus in dorsal (B) and lateral (C) views. Scar bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8209461" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8209461/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Figs 17B, 17C</figureCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3066573E76B67550CAEC4DF2EE1FF58" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="319" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BA336F8E76B67550CAEC4DF2EE1FF58" blockId="17.[151,1437,1746,2025]" lastBlockId="18.[151,1437,151,1941]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="319" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76B67560CAEC4DF2B70F800" bold="true" box="[199,315,1927,1953]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Remarks.</emphasis>
This species was previously described based on a female from
<collectingRegion id="49D8F81AE76B67560F93C4DF2E70F800" box="[1018,1083,1927,1953]" country="Philippines" name="Iligan" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Iligan</collectingRegion>
(
<collectingRegion id="49D8F81AE76B67560820C4DF2F4AF800" box="[1097,1281,1927,1953]" country="Philippines" name="Lanao del Norte" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Lanao del Norte</collectingRegion>
) in Mindanao (MNHN-EO-ENSIF6695). Our male specimens from Mindanao resemble the female
<typeStatus id="54A7885AE76B6756082CC4F32EECF864" box="[1093,1191,1963,1989]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">holotype</typeStatus>
by the pronotal dorsal disk with a characteristic hourglass-shaped dark brown pattern and the spotted patterns on the legs. Given that our male specimens were collected from
<collectingRegion id="49D8F81AE76867550E59C3CF2891FF10" box="[560,730,151,177]" country="Philippines" name="Agusan del Sur" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Agusan del Sur</collectingRegion>
and Balingoan, it will not be surprising that this species is more widely distributed across Mindanao. Here, the male is described for the first time, but whether our male specimens are truly
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D7BE76867550C95C38728D0FF58" authorityName="Tan &amp; Salvador &amp; Sabang &amp; Bahoy &amp; Nuñeza &amp; Robillard" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Chopard" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[252,667,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Varitrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscoirrorata" subGenus="Cantotrella">
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76867550C95C3872B2DFF58" box="[252,358,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Varitrella</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76867550D1EC3872BBCFF58" box="[375,503,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Cantotrella</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76867550E6EC38728D0FF58" box="[519,667,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">fuscoirrorata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can still afford further testing and verification.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3066573E76867550CAEC25A2F24FD50" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BA336F8E76867550CAEC25A28F7FE54" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76867550CAEC25A2BC4FEBD" bold="true" box="[199,399,258,284]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Diagnosis (new).</emphasis>
The male genitalia of
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D7BE76867550ECAC25B2E00FEBC" authorityName="Tan &amp; Salvador &amp; Sabang &amp; Bahoy &amp; Nuñeza &amp; Robillard" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Chopard" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[675,1099,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Varitrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscoirrorata" subGenus="Cantotrella">
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76867550ECAC25B2946FEBC" box="[675,781,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Varitrella</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76867550F4BC25B29E9FEBC" box="[802,930,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Cantotrella</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76867550FDEC25B2E00FEBC" box="[951,1099,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">fuscoirrorata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is most similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D7BE7686755095BC25B2BD1FEE0" authority="(Haan, 1842)" baseAuthorityName="Haan" baseAuthorityYear="1842" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Varitrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrata">
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE7686755095BC25B2AB5FEE0" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Varitrella quadrata</emphasis>
(Haan, 1842)
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingRegion id="49D8F81AE76867550D89C27F2859FEE0" box="[480,530,295,321]" country="Indonesia" name="Jawa Timur" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Java</collectingRegion>
by the ectophallic fold with its apex somewhat surpassing both the lateral lobes and with the emargination between both lateral lobes truncated; but differs by the pseudepiphallus with the dorso-anterior pseudepiphallic spine strongly sclerotized but small, and with its acute apex (absent in
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D7BE768675508DDC2372FC0FE28" baseAuthorityName="Haan" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[1204,1419,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Varitrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrata">
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE768675508DDC2372FC0FE28" box="[1204,1419,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Varitrella quadrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); by the pseudepiphallus in profile view with its latero-apical lobular parts truncated, and with the dorso-posterior angle nearly right-angled and without a dorso-apical process; and by the ectophallic fold shaft-liked with lateral margins somewhat parallel throughout its length.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336F8E76867550CAEC2A72F24FD50" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
From
<collectingCountry id="F30B7668E76867550D61C2A72BCDFDB8" box="[264,390,511,537]" name="Philippines" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Philippines</collectingCountry>
congeners,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D7BE76867550E6EC2A729EAFDB8" authorityName="Tan &amp; Salvador &amp; Sabang &amp; Bahoy &amp; Nuñeza &amp; Robillard" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Chopard" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[519,929,511,537]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Varitrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscoirrorata" subGenus="Cantotrella">
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76867550E6EC2A7283AFDB8" box="[519,625,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Varitrella</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76867550E16C2A728B4FDB8" box="[639,767,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Cantotrella</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76867550F64C2A729EAFDB8" box="[781,929,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">fuscoirrorata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D7BE76867550847C2A72B6BFD9C" authority="(Stal, 1877)" baseAuthorityName="Stal" baseAuthorityYear="1877" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Varitrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="saussurei" subGenus="Cantotrella">
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76867550847C2A72ED3FDB8" box="[1070,1176,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Varitrella</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE768675508CFC2A72F6DFDB8" box="[1190,1318,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Cantotrella</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE7686755095AC2A72FD7FDB9" box="[1331,1436,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">saussurei</emphasis>
(Stål, 1877)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D7BE76867550D47C17B2907FD9C" authority="(Chopard, 1925)" baseAuthorityName="Chopard" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[302,844,546,573]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Varitrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bakeri" subGenus="Cantotrella">
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76867550D47C17B2BD3FD9C" box="[302,408,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Varitrella</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76867550DC2C17B2860FD9C" box="[427,555,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Cantotrella</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76867550E54C17B28CEFD9C" box="[573,645,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">bakeri</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B09E76867550EFFC17B2908FD9C" author="Chopard, L." box="[662,835,546,573]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" pagination="291 - 332" refId="ref17112" refString="Chopard, L. (1925) Descriptions de Gryllides nouveaux. Annales de Societe entomologique de France, 94, 291 - 332." type="journal article" year="1925">Chopard, 1925</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D7BE76867550F33C17B2F20FD9C" authority="(Stal, 1877)" baseAuthorityName="Stal" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[858,1387,546,573]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Varitrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conspersa" subGenus="Cantotrella">
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76867550F33C17B298FFD9C" box="[858,964,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Varitrella</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76867550FBEC17B2E1CFD9C" box="[983,1111,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Cantotrella</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76867550800C17B2E90FD9D" box="[1129,1243,547,572]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">conspersa</emphasis>
(Stål, 1877)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D7BE76867550CFEC11F2890FDC0" authority="Gorochov, 2006" authorityName="Gorochov" authorityYear="2006" box="[151,731,583,609]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Varitrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variabilis" subGenus="Cantotrella">
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76867550CFEC11F2B4AFDC0" box="[151,257,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Varitrella</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76867550D7FC11F2BDDFDC0" box="[278,406,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Cantotrella</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76867550DC2C11F285DFDC0" box="[427,534,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">variabilis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B09E76867550E4BC11F2890FDC0" author="Gorochov, A. V." box="[546,731,583,609]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" pagination="33 - 46" refId="ref17445" refString="Gorochov, A. V. (2006) Taxonomy of Podoscirtinae (Orthoptera: Gryllidae). Part 5: New Indo-Malayan and Madagascan Podoscirtini. Zoosystematica Rossica, 15 (1), 33 - 46. https: // doi. org / 10.31610 / zsr / 2006.15.1.33" type="journal article" year="2006">Gorochov, 2006</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
by the presence of the small dorso-anterior pseudepiphallic spine and the absence of a large dorso-apical process at the latero-apical lobular parts; as well as by the shape of ectophallic fold. From
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D7BE76867550DF2C1D7292BFD08" authority="Gorochov, 2006" authorityName="Gorochov" authorityYear="2006" box="[411,864,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Varitrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mindoroensis">
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76867550DF2C1D728E8FD08" box="[411,675,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Varitrella mindoroensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B09E76867550EC2C1D7292BFD08" author="Gorochov, A. V." box="[683,864,655,681]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" pagination="33 - 46" refId="ref17445" refString="Gorochov, A. V. (2006) Taxonomy of Podoscirtinae (Orthoptera: Gryllidae). Part 5: New Indo-Malayan and Madagascan Podoscirtini. Zoosystematica Rossica, 15 (1), 33 - 46. https: // doi. org / 10.31610 / zsr / 2006.15.1.33" type="journal article" year="2006">Gorochov, 2006</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
by the distinctly different shape of male genitalia; from
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D7BE76867550CB0C1EB28E0FD6C" authority="Gorochov, 2006" authorityName="Gorochov" authorityYear="2006" box="[217,683,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Varitrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palawanensis">
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76867550CB0C1EB2BACFD6C" box="[217,487,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Varitrella palawanensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B09E76867550D9BC1EB28E0FD6C" author="Gorochov, A. V." box="[498,683,691,717]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" pagination="33 - 46" refId="ref17445" refString="Gorochov, A. V. (2006) Taxonomy of Podoscirtinae (Orthoptera: Gryllidae). Part 5: New Indo-Malayan and Madagascan Podoscirtini. Zoosystematica Rossica, 15 (1), 33 - 46. https: // doi. org / 10.31610 / zsr / 2006.15.1.33" type="journal article" year="2006">Gorochov, 2006</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
by dorso-anterior pseudepiphallic spine smaller and shorter and latero-apical lobular parts of pseudepiphallus in profile view more truncated, and the shape of ectophallic fold.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3066573E76867520CAEC1A22EB6FD08" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="322" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA336F8E76867550CAEC1A22802F9F0" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76867550CAEC1A22B3EFCB5" bold="true" box="[199,373,762,788]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Redescription.</emphasis>
Habitus medium sized, generally brown to dark brown. Head in dorsum brown with medial part of posterior third dark brown; finely pubescent, especially posterior of eyes. Fastigium in dorsal view dark brown. Rostrum about 0.9 times as wide as scapes, finely pubescent; with apex in dorsal view truncated and margin cream-coloured (
<figureCitation id="13272A7DE76867550D32C03F2B83FC20" box="[347,456,871,897]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1873,1897]" captionTargetBox="[164,1421,197,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-17@19.[151,1436,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 18. Varitrella (Cantotrella) fuscoirrorata comb. nov. ♁: head and pronotum in dorsal (A) and lateral (C) views; face in anterior view (B); FWs in dorsal (D) and lateral (E) views; subgenital plate in ventral view (F). Scale bars: 5 mm (D, E), 2 mm (A–C), 1 mm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8209465" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8209465/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Fig. 18A</figureCitation>
). Eyes in dorsal view faintly projected anteriorly (
<figureCitation id="13272A7DE76867550877C03F2EC7FC20" box="[1054,1164,871,897]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1873,1897]" captionTargetBox="[164,1421,197,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-17@19.[151,1436,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 18. Varitrella (Cantotrella) fuscoirrorata comb. nov. ♁: head and pronotum in dorsal (A) and lateral (C) views; face in anterior view (B); FWs in dorsal (D) and lateral (E) views; subgenital plate in ventral view (F). Scale bars: 5 mm (D, E), 2 mm (A–C), 1 mm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8209465" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8209465/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Fig. 18A</figureCitation>
). Median ocellus small and round; lateral ocelli round and larger than median ocellus, in anterior view located dorsad of scapes close to median ocellus (
<figureCitation id="13272A7DE76867550D39C0F72BFDFC68" box="[336,438,943,969]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1873,1897]" captionTargetBox="[164,1421,197,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-17@19.[151,1436,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 18. Varitrella (Cantotrella) fuscoirrorata comb. nov. ♁: head and pronotum in dorsal (A) and lateral (C) views; face in anterior view (B); FWs in dorsal (D) and lateral (E) views; subgenital plate in ventral view (F). Scale bars: 5 mm (D, E), 2 mm (A–C), 1 mm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8209465" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8209465/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Fig. 18B</figureCitation>
). Maxillary palpi with apical segment longest, particularly pubescent (compared to other segments), somewhat pyriform with rounded apex; with subapical segment cylindrical and expanding apically; with third segment slender and cylindrical and slightly longer than subapical segment (
<figureCitation id="13272A7DE7686755082DC0AF2EE7FBB0" box="[1092,1196,1015,1041]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1873,1897]" captionTargetBox="[164,1421,197,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-17@19.[151,1436,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 18. Varitrella (Cantotrella) fuscoirrorata comb. nov. ♁: head and pronotum in dorsal (A) and lateral (C) views; face in anterior view (B); FWs in dorsal (D) and lateral (E) views; subgenital plate in ventral view (F). Scale bars: 5 mm (D, E), 2 mm (A–C), 1 mm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8209465" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8209465/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Fig. 18C</figureCitation>
). Gena and posterior of eye in profile view brown with tint of dark patterns (
<figureCitation id="13272A7DE76867550F74C74329CDFB94" box="[797,902,1051,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1873,1897]" captionTargetBox="[164,1421,197,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-17@19.[151,1436,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 18. Varitrella (Cantotrella) fuscoirrorata comb. nov. ♁: head and pronotum in dorsal (A) and lateral (C) views; face in anterior view (B); FWs in dorsal (D) and lateral (E) views; subgenital plate in ventral view (F). Scale bars: 5 mm (D, E), 2 mm (A–C), 1 mm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8209465" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8209465/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Fig. 18C</figureCitation>
). Face in anterior view ca. 1.1 times as tall as wide; cream-coloured between antennal sockets, with dark transverse band ventrad of antennal sockets; mouthparts mostly yellow brown (
<figureCitation id="13272A7DE76867550DFAC73B2BB3FBDC" box="[403,504,1123,1149]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1873,1897]" captionTargetBox="[164,1421,197,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-17@19.[151,1436,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 18. Varitrella (Cantotrella) fuscoirrorata comb. nov. ♁: head and pronotum in dorsal (A) and lateral (C) views; face in anterior view (B); FWs in dorsal (D) and lateral (E) views; subgenital plate in ventral view (F). Scale bars: 5 mm (D, E), 2 mm (A–C), 1 mm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8209465" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8209465/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Fig. 18B</figureCitation>
). Pronotal disk brown, about 1.3 times as wide as long, faintly widening posteriorly (posterior margin 1.2 times as wide as anterior margin); with small black spots; in middle with hourglass-shaped dark-brown pattern but with indistinct margin; finely and densely pubescent (
<figureCitation id="13272A7DE76867550F9FC7F32E14FB64" box="[1014,1119,1195,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1873,1897]" captionTargetBox="[164,1421,197,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-17@19.[151,1436,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 18. Varitrella (Cantotrella) fuscoirrorata comb. nov. ♁: head and pronotum in dorsal (A) and lateral (C) views; face in anterior view (B); FWs in dorsal (D) and lateral (E) views; subgenital plate in ventral view (F). Scale bars: 5 mm (D, E), 2 mm (A–C), 1 mm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8209465" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8209465/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Fig. 18A</figureCitation>
). Pronotal disk with anterior margin broadly concave and with black and cream-coloured spots; disk with posterior margin faintly angularly convex with fewer contrasting-coloured spots (
<figureCitation id="13272A7DE76867550EC4C7AB2953FAAC" box="[685,792,1267,1293]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1873,1897]" captionTargetBox="[164,1421,197,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-17@19.[151,1436,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 18. Varitrella (Cantotrella) fuscoirrorata comb. nov. ♁: head and pronotum in dorsal (A) and lateral (C) views; face in anterior view (B); FWs in dorsal (D) and lateral (E) views; subgenital plate in ventral view (F). Scale bars: 5 mm (D, E), 2 mm (A–C), 1 mm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8209465" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8209465/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Fig. 18A</figureCitation>
). Pronotal lateral lobe 1.6 times as long as high; densely and finely pubescent; in dorsal third with a longitudinal black band, otherwise brown with black spots; margins brown (
<figureCitation id="13272A7DE76867550C86C6632B1DFAF4" box="[239,342,1339,1365]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1873,1897]" captionTargetBox="[164,1421,197,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-17@19.[151,1436,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 18. Varitrella (Cantotrella) fuscoirrorata comb. nov. ♁: head and pronotum in dorsal (A) and lateral (C) views; face in anterior view (B); FWs in dorsal (D) and lateral (E) views; subgenital plate in ventral view (F). Scale bars: 5 mm (D, E), 2 mm (A–C), 1 mm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8209465" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8209465/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Fig. 18C</figureCitation>
). Metanotal gland absent. TI swollen; with inner tympanum slit-like; with outer tympanum open and having oval tympanal membrane (smaller than the slit of inner tympanum). TIII with 6 inner and 5 outer long subapical spurs, 3 inner and 2 outer apical spurs; with 1–4 spines between spines; many numerous spines before most proximal spurs; and with inner spurs (including apical spurs) longer than corresponding outer ones. Legs generally cream-coloured with numerous small dark spots; FIII with ventral margin having distinct dark bands, with posterior end darkened and knee dark coloured; TIII pale brown with numerous small dark-brown spots, spurs generally pale-coloured with red-brown apices. Thoracic and abdominal tergites and sternites generally cream-coloured with small faintly-dark spots.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336F8E76867550CAEC503291EF8EC" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76867550CAEC5032B40F9D4" bold="true" box="[199,267,1627,1653]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Male.</emphasis>
FW covering abdomen and barely surpassing apex of FIII (
<figureCitation id="13272A7DE76867550FC2C50329B4F9D4" box="[939,1023,1627,1653]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1604,1628]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1561]" captionTargetId="figure-17@17.[151,1436,181,1581]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 17. Varitrella (Cantotrella) fuscoirrorata comb. nov. ♁ in its natural environment, on the foliage of Zea mays (A); habitus in dorsal (B) and lateral (C) views. Scar bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8209461" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8209461/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
). Colouration: yellow brown. Dorsal field yellow brown with veins at basal area, proximal part of region of chords dark-coloured; with veins around plectral area (pl) white; and with white spot between disto-lateral edge of mirror and stock of MP+CuA1 (
<figureCitation id="13272A7DE76867550941C5FB2FC4F91C" box="[1320,1423,1699,1725]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1873,1897]" captionTargetBox="[164,1421,197,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-17@19.[151,1436,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 18. Varitrella (Cantotrella) fuscoirrorata comb. nov. ♁: head and pronotum in dorsal (A) and lateral (C) views; face in anterior view (B); FWs in dorsal (D) and lateral (E) views; subgenital plate in ventral view (F). Scale bars: 5 mm (D, E), 2 mm (A–C), 1 mm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8209465" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8209465/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Fig. 18D</figureCitation>
). Lateral field paler, pale brown with blackish marks near Sc between branches of Sc. Between R and M cream-coloured and Sc and R dark coloured (
<figureCitation id="13272A7DE76867550E3CC5B3288BF8A4" box="[597,704,1771,1797]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1873,1897]" captionTargetBox="[164,1421,197,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-17@19.[151,1436,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 18. Varitrella (Cantotrella) fuscoirrorata comb. nov. ♁: head and pronotum in dorsal (A) and lateral (C) views; face in anterior view (B); FWs in dorsal (D) and lateral (E) views; subgenital plate in ventral view (F). Scale bars: 5 mm (D, E), 2 mm (A–C), 1 mm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8209465" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8209465/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Fig. 18D</figureCitation>
). Venation: diagonal straight, with 5 oblique veins in harp area; mirror 1.6 times as long as wide, dividing vein typical of subgenus (
<figureCitation id="13272A7DE76867550FEDC45729A0F888" box="[900,1003,1807,1833]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1873,1897]" captionTargetBox="[164,1421,197,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-17@19.[151,1436,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 18. Varitrella (Cantotrella) fuscoirrorata comb. nov. ♁: head and pronotum in dorsal (A) and lateral (C) views; face in anterior view (B); FWs in dorsal (D) and lateral (E) views; subgenital plate in ventral view (F). Scale bars: 5 mm (D, E), 2 mm (A–C), 1 mm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8209465" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8209465/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Fig. 18D</figureCitation>
). Lateral field with around 16 branches on Sc (
<figureCitation id="13272A7DE76867550C8CC46B2B00F8EC" box="[229,331,1843,1869]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1873,1897]" captionTargetBox="[164,1421,197,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-17@19.[151,1436,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 18. Varitrella (Cantotrella) fuscoirrorata comb. nov. ♁: head and pronotum in dorsal (A) and lateral (C) views; face in anterior view (B); FWs in dorsal (D) and lateral (E) views; subgenital plate in ventral view (F). Scale bars: 5 mm (D, E), 2 mm (A–C), 1 mm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8209465" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8209465/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Fig. 18E</figureCitation>
). Hind wings clearly surpassing FWs (
<figureCitation id="13272A7DE76867550E92C46B2903F8EC" box="[763,840,1843,1869]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1604,1628]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1561]" captionTargetId="figure-17@17.[151,1436,181,1581]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 17. Varitrella (Cantotrella) fuscoirrorata comb. nov. ♁ in its natural environment, on the foliage of Zea mays (A); habitus in dorsal (B) and lateral (C) views. Scar bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8209461" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8209461/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Fig 17</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336F8E76867550CAEC40F2899F834" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
Subgenital plate with lateral margin tapering into subacute apex; with medial carina running longitudinal which produce into small lobe at apical margin (
<figureCitation id="13272A7DE76867550E01C423288EF834" box="[616,709,1915,1941]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1873,1897]" captionTargetBox="[164,1421,197,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-17@19.[151,1436,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 18. Varitrella (Cantotrella) fuscoirrorata comb. nov. ♁: head and pronotum in dorsal (A) and lateral (C) views; face in anterior view (B); FWs in dorsal (D) and lateral (E) views; subgenital plate in ventral view (F). Scale bars: 5 mm (D, E), 2 mm (A–C), 1 mm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8209465" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8209465/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Fig 18F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF636670E76967540CFEC4092B32F813" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8209465" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8209465" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8209465/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" startId="19.[151,250,1873,1897]" targetBox="[164,1421,197,1834]" targetPageId="19" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BA336F8E76967540CFEC4092B32F813" blockId="19.[151,1437,1873,1970]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76967540CFEC4092B6BF8C8" bold="true" box="[151,288,1873,1897]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">FIGURE 18.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D7BE76967540D4FC40928D5F8CB" authorityName="Tan &amp; Salvador &amp; Sabang &amp; Bahoy &amp; Nuñeza &amp; Robillard" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Chopard" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[294,670,1873,1898]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Varitrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscoirrorata" status="comb. nov." subGenus="Cantotrella">
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76967540D4FC4092BCDF8C8" box="[294,390,1873,1897]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Varitrella</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76967540DFCC4092842F8C8" box="[405,521,1873,1897]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Cantotrella</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76967540E71C40A28D5F8CB" box="[536,670,1874,1898]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">fuscoirrorata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76967540ECDC40A2953F8CB" bold="true" box="[676,792,1874,1898]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25B5791E76967540ECDC40A2953F8CB" box="[676,792,1874,1898]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
♁: head and pronotum in dorsal (A) and lateral (C) views; face in anterior view (B); FWs in dorsal (D) and lateral (E) views; subgenital plate in ventral view (F). Scale bars: 5 mm (D, E), 2 mm (A–C), 1 mm (F).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF636670E76E67530CFEC4CF2B05F872" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8209467" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8209467" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8209467/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="321" startId="20.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[233,1354,196,1905]" targetPageId="20" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BA336F8E76E67530CFEC4CF2B05F872" blockId="20.[151,1437,1943,2004]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76E67530CFEC4CF2B54F80E" bold="true" box="[151,287,1943,1967]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">FIGURE 19.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D7BE76E67530D4DC4CF28D1F811" authorityName="Tan &amp; Salvador &amp; Sabang &amp; Bahoy &amp; Nuñeza &amp; Robillard" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Chopard" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[292,666,1943,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Varitrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="321" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscoirrorata" status="comb. nov." subGenus="Cantotrella">
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76E67530D4DC4CF2BCFF80E" box="[292,388,1943,1967]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">Varitrella</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76E67530DFBC4CF284DF80E" box="[402,518,1943,1967]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">Cantotrella</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76E67530E7DC4C028D1F811" box="[532,666,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">fuscoirrorata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76E67530EC9C4C02959F811" bold="true" box="[672,786,1944,1968]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25B5791E76E67530EC9C4C02959F811" box="[672,786,1944,1968]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
♁ genitalia in dorsal (A), ventral (B, C) and lateral (D, E) views. Scale bars: 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BA336F8E76F67520CAEC3CF2817FDC0" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,1329]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
Male genitalia as shown in (
<figureCitation id="13272A7DE76F67520E76C3CF2833FF10" box="[543,632,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[233,1354,196,1905]" captionTargetId="figure-17@20.[218,1369,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 19. Varitrella (Cantotrella) fuscoirrorata comb. nov. ♁ genitalia in dorsal (A), ventral (B, C) and lateral (D, E) views. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8209467" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8209467/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
): Pseudepiphallus [epiphallus] stout, in profile view tall and broad. Pseudepiphallus with dorso-anterior pseudepiphallic spine (ds) strongly sclerotized but small with acute apex; with two smaller spinules posterior of the spine; in profile view pointing dorsad. Pseudepiphallus with posterior end diverged and produced into two latero-apical lobular parts (al). Pseudepiphallus in dorsal view: broad, with apex narrowly obtuse; between latero-apical lobules deeply V-emarginated. In profile view: with posterior part truncated, without dorso-apical spinule but along dorsal margin with a few small spinules and short fine setae; dorso-posterior angle nearly right-angled, ventro-posterior angle curved. Pseudepiphallic paramere [ectoparamere] elongated, tapered abruptly into a slender and curved hooked-like apical third with apex acute, and pointing ventrad posteriorly. Ectophallic fold [rachis] shaft-liked, with lateral margins somewhat parallel throughout length, rather long, slightly surpassing pseudepiphallus. Ectophallic fold at posterior end produced into two broadly-obtuse lateral lobes (lo), in dorsal view with apical emargination wider between lateral lobes and truncated; ectophallic fold slightly surpassing both lateral lobes. Endophallic sclerite [formula] elongated, typical of genus. Rami very short. Spermatophore rounded to slightly oval.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336F8E76F67520CAEC1332EB6FD08" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,1329]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76F67520CAEC1332BACFD25" bold="true" box="[199,487,618,645]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Measurements (in mm).</emphasis>
2
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76F67520D94C1332859FD24" bold="true" box="[509,530,619,645]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">J</emphasis>
: BL = 15.5–18.6; BWL = 24.7–25.6; HL = 1.8–2.5; PronL = 2.7–3.0; PronW = 3.5–3.9; FWL = 17.1–18.1; FWW = 3.7–4.4; HWT = 3.0–3.6; FIIIL = 11.6–12.6; TIIIL = 11.5–12.0.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3066573E76F67520CAEC1EB2B67FD50" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BA336F8E76F67520CAEC1EB2B67FD50" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,1329]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76F67520CAEC1EB2B67FD6C" bold="true" box="[199,300,691,717]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Ecology.</emphasis>
This species was found on the
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D7BE76F67520EEDC1EB28A4FD6D" box="[644,751,691,716]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Zea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mays">
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76F67520EEDC1EB28A4FD6D" box="[644,751,691,716]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Zea mays</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(corn) plant, and more commonly found hiding in the corners of the leaves.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3066573E76F67520CAEC1A329A4FCB4" box="[199,1007,762,789]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BA336F8E76F67520CAEC1A329A4FCB4" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,1329]" box="[199,1007,762,789]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
<materialsCitation id="3B743CA5E76F67520CAEC1A329A4FCB4" box="[199,1007,762,789]" country="Philippines" location="Mindanao Island" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Lanao del Norte" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76F67520CAEC1A32B2DFCB5" bold="true" box="[199,358,762,789]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
<typeStatus id="54A7885AE76F67520CAEC1A32B49FCB4" box="[199,258,763,789]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F30B7668E76F67520D05C1A3285FFCB4" box="[364,532,763,789]" name="Philippines" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">PHILIPPINES</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="8EC36023E76F67520E76C1A32894FCB4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587EEE76A67520CFEC5912E79FA90:8EC36023E76F67520E76C1A32894FCB4" box="[543,735,763,789]" country="Philippines" name="Mindanao Island" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" stateProvince="Lanao del Norte">Mindanao Island</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="49D8F81AE76F67520E83C1A329E8FCB4" box="[746,931,763,789]" country="Philippines" name="Lanao del Norte" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Lanao del Norte</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49D8F81AE76F67520FC7C1A329A4FCB4" box="[942,1007,763,789]" country="Philippines" name="Iligan" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Iligan</collectingRegion>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3066573E76F67520CAEC0462E79FA90" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BA336F8E76F67520CAEC0462F41FC98" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,1329]" box="[199,1290,798,825]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76F67520CAEC0462B2AFC99" bold="true" box="[199,353,798,824]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F30B7668E76F67520D0EC0472847FC98" box="[359,524,799,825]" name="Philippines" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">PHILIPPINES</collectingCountry>
(Mindanao Island:
<collectingRegion id="49D8F81AE76F67520E8EC04729DDFC98" box="[743,918,799,825]" country="Philippines" name="Agusan del Sur" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Agusan del Sur</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49D8F81AE76F67520FC9C0472E1CFC98" box="[928,1111,799,825]" country="Philippines" name="Lanao del Norte" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Lanao del Norte</collectingRegion>
and Balingoan)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336F8E76F67520CAEC01A2B54FC4C" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,1329]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76F67520CAEC01A2844FCFD" bold="true" box="[199,527,834,861]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Calling song (1J, 29±2°C).</emphasis>
The calling song consists of echemes made up of 4 or 5 syllables and has an average duration of 0.58±0.08 s (0.52–0.68 s). Each syllable has an average duration of 34.7±2.7 ms (30.7–39.4 ms). The average interval between consecutive syllables is 0.13±0.01 ms (0.12–0.13 ms). The frequency spectrum is pure-tonal and forms a harmonic, with the energy peaking at the fundamental frequency. The dominant frequency is 6.25 kHz.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336F8E76F67520CAEC0AF28BFFB00" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,1329]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
The calling song of
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D7BE76F67520DCFC0AF290EFBB0" authorityName="Tan &amp; Salvador &amp; Sabang &amp; Bahoy &amp; Nuñeza &amp; Robillard" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Chopard" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[422,837,1015,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Varitrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscoirrorata" subGenus="Cantotrella">
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76F67520DCFC0AF285BFBB0" box="[422,528,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Varitrella</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76F67520E48C0AF28EAFBB0" box="[545,673,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Cantotrella</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76F67520ED8C0AF290EFBB0" box="[689,837,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">fuscoirrorata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from that of
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D7BE76F6752084EC0AF2F31FBB0" baseAuthorityName="Chopard" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[1063,1402,1015,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Varitrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bakeri" subGenus="Cantotrella">
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76F6752084EC0AF2EDAFBB0" box="[1063,1169,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Varitrella</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76F675208CBC0AF2F69FBB0" box="[1186,1314,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Cantotrella</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76F6752095BC0AF2F31FBB0" box="[1330,1402,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">bakeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the fewer number of syllables within each echeme, even though the syllable duration is similar. The average interval between consecutive syllables of
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D7BE76F67520E65C76728A6FBF8" authorityName="Tan &amp; Salvador &amp; Sabang &amp; Bahoy &amp; Nuñeza &amp; Robillard" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Chopard" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[524,749,1087,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Varitrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscoirrorata" subGenus="Cantotrella">
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76F67520E65C767286AFBF9" box="[524,545,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">V.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76F67520E59C7672801FBF8" box="[560,586,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">C.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76F67520E30C76728A6FBF8" box="[601,749,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">fuscoirrorata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is slightly shorter than that of
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D7BE76F67520828C7672E9DFBF8" baseAuthorityName="Chopard" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[1089,1238,1087,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Varitrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bakeri" subGenus="Cantotrella">
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76F67520828C7672E1DFBF9" box="[1089,1110,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">V.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76F6752080CC7672E34FBF8" box="[1125,1151,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">C.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76F675208E7C7672E9DFBF8" box="[1166,1238,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">bakeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The calling song of
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D7BE76F67520CDCC73B2BD3FBDC" authorityName="Tan &amp; Salvador &amp; Sabang &amp; Bahoy &amp; Nuñeza &amp; Robillard" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Chopard" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[181,408,1123,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Varitrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscoirrorata" subGenus="Cantotrella">
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76F67520CDCC73B2A80FBDD" box="[181,203,1123,1148]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">V.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76F67520CB3C73B2ABFFBDC" box="[218,244,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">C.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76F67520D6DC73B2BD3FBDC" box="[260,408,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">fuscoirrorata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a higher dominant frequency than that of
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D7BE76F67520FF3C73B2E7AFBDC" baseAuthorityName="Chopard" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[922,1073,1123,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Varitrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bakeri" subGenus="Cantotrella">
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76F67520FF3C73B29FBFBDD" box="[922,944,1123,1148]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">V.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76F67520FD6C73B2992FBDC" box="[959,985,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">C.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76F67520F80C73B2E7AFBDC" box="[1001,1073,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">bakeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(although this may be attributed to the difference in the temperature during recording).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336F8E76F67520CAEC7F32E79FA90" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,1329]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
The calling song of
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D7BE76F67520DDFC7F32917FB64" authorityName="Tan &amp; Salvador &amp; Sabang &amp; Bahoy &amp; Nuñeza &amp; Robillard" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Chopard" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[438,860,1195,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Varitrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscoirrorata" subGenus="Cantotrella">
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76F67520DDFC7F3286BFB64" box="[438,544,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Varitrella</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76F67520E5DC7F328FFFB64" box="[564,692,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Cantotrella</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76F67520EA1C7F32917FB64" box="[712,860,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">fuscoirrorata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is different from those of congeners with known calling songs (i.e.,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D7BE76F67520D04C79729ACFB48" authority="Tan, Japir &amp; Chung, 2020" authorityName="Tan, Japir &amp; Chung" authorityYear="2020" box="[365,999,1231,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Varitrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suikei" subGenus="Cantotrella">
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76F67520D04C7972B9CFB48" box="[365,471,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Varitrella</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76F67520D81C7972823FB48" box="[488,616,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Cantotrella</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76F67520E10C79728F1FB48" box="[633,698,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">suikei</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B09E76F67520EABC79729ACFB48" author="Tan, M. K. &amp; Japir, R. &amp; Chung, A. Y. C. &amp; Wahab, R. A." box="[706,999,1231,1257]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" pagination="244 - 270" refId="ref17977" refString="Tan, M. K. Japir, R., Chung, A. Y. C. &amp; Wahab, R. A. (2020 a) New taxa of crickets (Orthoptera: Grylloidea: Phaloriinae, Phalangopsinae, Itarinae and Podoscirtinae) from Borneo (Brunei Darussalam and Sandakan). Zootaxa, 4810 (2), 244 - 270. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4810.2.2" type="journal article" year="2020">Tan, Japir &amp; Chung, 2020</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D7BE76F67520876C7972849FAAC" authority="Tan, Japir, Chung &amp; Robillard, 2022" authorityName="Tan, Japir, Chung &amp; Robillard" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Varitrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tabin" subGenus="Cantotrella">
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76F67520876C7972EC2FB48" box="[1055,1161,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Varitrella</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76F675208F3C7972F51FB48" box="[1178,1306,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Cantotrella</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76F67520942C7972F2EFB48" box="[1323,1381,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">tabin</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B09E76F67520905C7972849FAAC" author="Tan, M. K. &amp; Japir, R. &amp; Chung, A. Y. C. &amp; Robillard, T." pageId="21" pageNumber="322" pagination="201 - 228" refId="ref18056" refString="Tan, M. K., Japir, R., Chung, A. Y. C. &amp; Robillard, T. (2022) New taxa and notes on bark and bush crickets (Orthoptera, Grylloidea, Gryllidae, Landrevinae and Podoscirtinae) from Sabah. Zootaxa, 5178 (3), 201 - 228. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5178.3.1" type="journal article" year="2022">Tan, Japir, Chung &amp; Robillard, 2022</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
) (see
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B09E76F67520E21C7AB2947FAAC" author="Tan, M. K. &amp; Japir, R. &amp; Chung, A. Y. C. &amp; Wahab, R. A." box="[584,780,1267,1293]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" pagination="244 - 270" refId="ref17977" refString="Tan, M. K. Japir, R., Chung, A. Y. C. &amp; Wahab, R. A. (2020 a) New taxa of crickets (Orthoptera: Grylloidea: Phaloriinae, Phalangopsinae, Itarinae and Podoscirtinae) from Borneo (Brunei Darussalam and Sandakan). Zootaxa, 4810 (2), 244 - 270. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4810.2.2" type="journal article" year="2020">
Tan
<emphasis id="B968EAEAE76F67520E12C7AB28FEFAAC" box="[635,693,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">et al.</emphasis>
, 2020a
</bibRefCitation>
, 2022). The calling song consists of echemes with 4 or 5 syllables, instead of echeme-sequences made up of a few closely-spaced syllables.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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