303 lines
31 KiB
XML
303 lines
31 KiB
XML
<document id="59260EF07B01F6378B951E39D06AC8D6" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3664.2.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="998f53b0-f46c-4525-bc3a-f8a597c01979" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="220335" ID-ZooBank="5306204C-0DBC-4EE1-A008-B1582FA80243" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460616100831" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Meland, Kenneth & Aas, Pål Øyvind" docDate="2013" docId="03B587CDFFAFFFA11FDFFC6F3B80FCDC" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03664p225.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3664 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Gnathophausia ingens Dohrn 1870" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="204" masterDocId="FF8CFFB5FFABFFA41F48FFDD3B64FF80" masterDocTitle="A taxonomical review of the Gnathophausia (Crustacea, Lophogastrida), with new records from the northern mid-Atlantic ridge" masterLastPageNumber="225" masterPageNumber="199" pageNumber="203" updateTime="1698330483512" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="805167C2AD629D56852615F065259068" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="E093FB49051488D44F105A7F488C7A31">
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<mods:title id="7A52DB6704E408B5165F1707E9D407C9">A taxonomical review of the Gnathophausia (Crustacea, Lophogastrida), with new records from the northern mid-Atlantic ridge</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="AB3502AE32365DB0B8E957F337232E8B" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="8F340BBEC1710AEC771FAF8C0465613E">Meland, Kenneth</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="8C0F6A059DDCFE9B3148235CEDBDD853">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="8956F1D407699A386EF41F2E5419E7F7">Aas, Pål Øyvind</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="F2B51207B36711FAE6CD5434FA4D30F6">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="36E1691615FE468C8FC6F67D64725352">
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<mods:title id="C4B9DF7270760A51C2DE63A7C5057D7E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="726FF8A8AB43E93AE00431E1599BEE50">
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<mods:date id="7E0B624BD3375878E930003083793C8F">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="36DEC97D31CA7BDD28FA23BAF45DE9FE" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="4E515E81EF7E743C918EC64B89E0A11C">3664</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="89D6C7E8188197D3E5E377311D440819" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="F5A355ECFDB5D4A8EC8D362D7A7844FD">2</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="ED13048A350912AB0E33810FB0A169E8" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3664.2.5</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="67A17C2607AD46D3E362F32375A45812" type="GBIF-Dataset">998f53b0-f46c-4525-bc3a-f8a597c01979</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="A74A37ED52593FD56C222D82422049B9" type="Zenodo-Dep">220335</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03B587CDFFAFFFA11FDFFC6F3B80FCDC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3509808" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119568721" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3509808" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587CDFFAFFFA11FDFFC6F3B80FCDC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587CDFFAFFFA11FDFFC6F3B80FCDC" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="204" pageId="4" pageNumber="203">
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<subSubSection id="C3066550FFAFFFA01FDFFC6F3937FBB6" pageId="4" pageNumber="203" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA336DBFFAFFFA01FDFFC6F393AFC4C" blockId="4.[151,606,946,1005]" box="[151,606,946,972]" pageId="4" pageNumber="203">
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<heading id="D0EB81B7FFAFFFA01FDFFC6F393AFC4C" bold="true" box="[151,606,946,972]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="203" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D58FFAFFFA01FDFFC6F393AFC4C" authority="Dohrn, 1870" authorityName="Dohrn" authorityYear="1870" box="[151,606,946,972]" class="Malacostraca" family="Lophogastridae" genus="Gnathophausia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophogastrida" pageId="4" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ingens">
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<emphasis id="B968EAC9FFAFFFA01FDFFC6F393AFC4C" bold="true" box="[151,606,946,972]" pageId="4" pageNumber="203">
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<emphasis id="B968EAC9FFAFFFA01FDFFC6F3ACDFC4C" bold="true" box="[151,425,946,972]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="203">Gnathophausia ingens</emphasis>
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(Dohrn, 1870)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA336DBFFAFFFA01FDFFC083B8FFC6D" blockId="4.[151,606,946,1005]" box="[151,235,981,1005]" pageId="4" pageNumber="203">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13272A5EFFAFFFA01FD7FC083B87FC6D" box="[159,227,981,1005]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1720,1743]" captionTargetBox="[154,1430,917,1671]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[154,1439,911,1698]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Gnathophausia ingens (Dohrn, 1870). A, adult female (lateral view); B, adult female (dorsal view); C, antennal scale and proximal part of flagellum; D, posterior abdominal somites with basal part of uropods (ventral view); E, telson and uropods (from G. O. Sars 1885, Pl. II: figs. 1,2,4,6,7)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/220337/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="203">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA336DBFFAFFFA01FDFFBFD3937FBB6" blockId="4.[151,1437,1056,1323]" box="[151,595,1056,1078]" pageId="4" pageNumber="203">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D58FFAFFFA01FDFFBFD397EFBB6" authority="Dohrn, 1870: 610" authorityName="Dohrn" authorityPageNumber="610" authorityYear="1870" box="[151,538,1056,1078]" class="Malacostraca" family="Lophogastridae" genus="Lophogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophogastrida" pageId="4" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ingens">
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<emphasis id="B968EAC9FFAFFFA01FDFFBFD3A3BFBB6" box="[151,351,1056,1078]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="203">Lophogaster ingens</emphasis>
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Dohrn, 1870: 610
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</taxonomicName>
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–617.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3066550FFAFFFA01FDFFBE239E8FAAB" pageId="4" pageNumber="203" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BA336DBFFAFFFA01FDFFBE2380DFBD4" blockId="4.[151,1437,1056,1323]" box="[151,873,1086,1109]" pageId="4" pageNumber="203">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D58FFAFFFA01FDFFBE23917FBD4" authority="Willemoes-Suhm, 1873" authorityName="Willemoes-Suhm" authorityYear="1873" box="[151,627,1086,1109]" class="Malacostraca" family="Lophogastridae" genus="Gnathophausia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophogastrida" pageId="4" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inflate">
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<emphasis id="B968EAC9FFAFFFA01FDFFBE23A1EFBD5" box="[151,378,1087,1109]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="203">Gnathophausia inflate</emphasis>
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Willemoes-Suhm, 1873
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</taxonomicName>
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: in MS (
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<emphasis id="B968EAC9FFAFFFA01D82FB9D383DFBD5" box="[714,857,1087,1109]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="203">nomen nudum</emphasis>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA336DBFFAFFFA01FDFFB803968FB30" blockId="4.[151,1437,1056,1323]" pageId="4" pageNumber="203">
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<emphasis id="B968EAC9FFAFFFA01FDFFB803AF1FBF3" box="[151,405,1117,1139]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="203">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D58FFAFFFA01FDFFB803A57FBF3" box="[151,307,1117,1139]" class="Malacostraca" family="Lophogastridae" genus="Gnathophausia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophogastrida" pageId="4" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Gnathophausia</taxonomicName>
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ingens—
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</emphasis>
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G.O. Sars 1885: 30–33.—Ortman 1906: 28-29. —W.M. Tattersall 1939:224–225.—Fage 1941: 15– 24.—O.S. Tattersall, 1955: 31–35.—Kathman
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<emphasis id="B968EAC9FFAFFFA01DE6FBA03981FB12" box="[686,741,1148,1170]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="203">et al.</emphasis>
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1986: 160–161. —Casanova 1996a: 129.—Casanova
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<emphasis id="B968EAC9FFAFFFA01A6AFBA03E3DFB12" box="[1314,1369,1148,1170]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="203">et al.</emphasis>
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1998: 60.—Price
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<emphasis id="B968EAC9FFAFFFA01E72FB463A0AFB30" box="[314,366,1178,1200]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="203">et al.</emphasis>
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2009: 923–928
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA336DBFFAFFFA01FDFFB6439F0FB4F" blockId="4.[151,1437,1056,1323]" box="[151,660,1209,1231]" pageId="4" pageNumber="203">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D58FFAFFFA01FDFFB643903FB4F" authority="G.O. Sars, 1885: 35" authorityName="G.O. Sars" authorityPageNumber="35" authorityYear="1885" box="[151,615,1209,1231]" class="Malacostraca" family="Lophogastridae" genus="Gnathophausia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophogastrida" pageId="4" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calcarata">
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<emphasis id="B968EAC9FFAFFFA01FDFFB643AFEFB4F" box="[151,410,1209,1231]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="203">Gnathophausia calcarata</emphasis>
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G.O. Sars, 1885: 35
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</taxonomicName>
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–38.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA336DBFFAFFFA01FDFFB053854FB6E" blockId="4.[151,1437,1056,1323]" box="[151,816,1240,1262]" pageId="4" pageNumber="203">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D58FFAFFFA01FDFFB053848FB6E" authority="Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891b: 269" authorityName="Wood-Mason & Alcock" authorityPageNumber="269" authorityYear="1891" box="[151,812,1240,1262]" class="Malacostraca" family="Lophogastridae" genus="Gnathophausia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophogastrida" pageId="4" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bengalensis">
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<emphasis id="B968EAC9FFAFFFA01FDFFB053AD4FB6E" box="[151,432,1240,1262]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="203">Gnathophausia bengalensis</emphasis>
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Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891b: 269
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA336DBFFAFFFA01FDFFB2A39E5FA8C" blockId="4.[151,1437,1056,1323]" box="[151,641,1270,1293]" pageId="4" pageNumber="203">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D58FFAFFFA01FDFFB2A392CFA8C" authority="Illig, 1906: 227" authorityName="Illig" authorityPageNumber="227" authorityYear="1906" box="[151,584,1270,1293]" class="Malacostraca" family="Lophogastridae" genus="Gnathophausia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophogastrida" pageId="4" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="doryphora">
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<emphasis id="B968EAC9FFAFFFA01FDFFB2A3AC0FA8D" box="[151,420,1271,1293]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="203">Gnathophausia doryphora</emphasis>
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Illig, 1906: 227
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</taxonomicName>
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–228.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA336DBFFAFFFA01FDFFAC839E8FAAB" blockId="4.[151,1437,1056,1323]" box="[151,652,1301,1323]" pageId="4" pageNumber="203">
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<emphasis id="B968EAC9FFAFFFA01FDFFAC83AD0FAAB" box="[151,436,1301,1323]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="203">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D58FFAFFFA01FDFFAC83A32FAAB" box="[151,342,1301,1323]" class="Malacostraca" family="Lophogastridae" genus="Neognathophausia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophogastrida" pageId="4" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neognathophausia</taxonomicName>
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ingens—
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</emphasis>
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Petryashov 1992: 47.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3066550FFAFFFA01FDFFA8A3832FA5C" pageId="4" pageNumber="203" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BA336DBFFAFFFA01FDFFA8A3AAEFA37" blockId="4.[151,1436,1367,2004]" pageId="4" pageNumber="203">
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<emphasis id="B968EAC9FFAFFFA01FDFFA8A3A1DFAF0" bold="true" box="[151,377,1367,1392]" pageId="4" pageNumber="203">Material examined</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B968EAC9FFAFFFA01ECFFA853807FAF0" bold="true" box="[391,867,1367,1392]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="203">In formaldehyde (transferred to ethanol).</emphasis>
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Stn 28-356-1110,
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<specimenCount id="9D1AFD52FFAFFFA01B7AFA8A3F24FAEF" box="[1074,1088,1367,1391]" pageId="4" pageNumber="203" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
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specimen (ZMBN 86613); Stn 28-357-1115,
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<specimenCount id="9D1AFD52FFAFFFA01E7FFAA13A21FA14" box="[311,325,1404,1428]" pageId="4" pageNumber="203" type="generic">2</specimenCount>
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specimens (ZMBN 81294); Stn 36-365-1144,
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<specimenCount id="9D1AFD52FFAFFFA01C20FAA13812FA14" box="[872,886,1404,1428]" pageId="4" pageNumber="203" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
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||
specimen (ZMBN 86559); Stn 44-369-1151,
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||
<specimenCount id="9D1AFD52FFAFFFA01AC6FAA13EF8FA14" box="[1422,1436,1404,1428]" pageId="4" pageNumber="203" type="generic">2</specimenCount>
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||
specimens (ZMBN 81295).
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA336DBFFAFFFA01F8FFA193832FA5C" blockId="4.[151,1436,1367,2004]" box="[199,854,1475,1500]" pageId="4" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAC9FFAFFFA01F8FFA193A22FA5C" bold="true" box="[199,326,1475,1500]" pageId="4" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAC9FFAFFFA01F8FFA193A5BFA5C" bold="true" box="[199,319,1475,1500]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="203">In ethanol</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Stn 14-340-1052,
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<specimenCount id="9D1AFD52FFAFFFA01D50FA193942FA5C" box="[536,550,1476,1500]" pageId="4" pageNumber="203" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
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||
specimen (ZMBN 86533).
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3066550FFAFFFA01F8FFA3A38DAF8A0" pageId="4" pageNumber="203" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA336DBFFAFFFA01F8FFA3A38DAF8A0" blockId="4.[151,1436,1367,2004]" pageId="4" pageNumber="203">
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||
<emphasis id="B968EAC9FFAFFFA01F8FFA3A3A25F980" bold="true" box="[199,321,1511,1536]" pageId="4" pageNumber="203">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Body broad. Carapace rigid; rostrum denticulate and as long as carapace in young specimens, short triangular and less denticulate in mature individuals; posterodorsal spine reduced in mature individuals; dorsal keel interrupted in its central region, extending anteriorly onto the rostrum and posteriorly onto the posterodorsal end, raised keel proximal to rostrum reduced with age; upper lateral keels continuous; lower lateral keels continuous, posterior extensions of carapace produced into posterolateral spines, spines are reduced in fully grown individuals; supra-orbital and branchiostegal spines pronounced in young individuals, reduced with age. Antennal scale small, spines on outer margin develop from two to eight with growth. Ventrolateral margins of the abdominal somites produced into two spines. Telson large, linguiform, exceeds uropods, apex extends outwards forming lappets. Largest known species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D58FFAFFFA01EF3F8DA393BF89F" box="[443,607,1799,1823]" class="Malacostraca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophogastrida" pageId="4" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Lophogastrida</taxonomicName>
|
||
, obtains lengths up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CE49B3EFFAFFFA01C12F8DA38DEF8A0" box="[858,954,1799,1824]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="4" pageNumber="203" unit="mm" value="210.0">210 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3066550FFAFFFA11F8FF8F63E67FE4F" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="204" pageId="4" pageNumber="203" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA336DBFFAFFFA01F8FF8F63AB3F80C" blockId="4.[151,1436,1367,2004]" pageId="4" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAC9FFAFFFA01F8FF8F63A04F8C4" bold="true" box="[199,352,1835,1860]" pageId="4" pageNumber="203">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
In the Mar-Eco collection seven
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D58FFAFFFA01DAAF8F13885F8C4" box="[738,993,1836,1860]" class="Malacostraca" family="Lophogastridae" genus="Gnathophausia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophogastrida" pageId="4" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ingens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAC9FFAFFFA01DAAF8F13885F8C4" box="[738,993,1836,1860]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="203">Gnathophausia ingens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens were identified. Specimens were distributed among stations north of the Azores Islands and also in the vicinity of the Charlie-Gibbs Fracture Zone at
|
||
<quantity id="4CE49B3EFFAFFFA01FBAF8A93A1BF80C" box="[242,383,1908,1932]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.725" metricValueMax="17.7" metricValueMin="1.75" pageId="4" pageNumber="203" unit="m" value="972.5" valueMax="1770.0" valueMin="175.0">175–1770 m</quantity>
|
||
depths.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA336DBFFAFFFA11F8FF8453FE4FF54" blockId="4.[151,1436,1367,2004]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1436,151,860]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="204" pageId="4" pageNumber="203">
|
||
During the voyage of H.M.S. Challenger only one specimen of
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAC9FFAFFFA01CE7F8453F73F830" box="[943,1047,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="203">G. i n g e n s</emphasis>
|
||
was captured in the Arafura Sea between New
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30B764BFFAFFFA01E74F8613AE9F854" box="[316,397,1980,2004]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="4" pageNumber="203">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30B764BFFAFFFA01E80F861394BF854" box="[456,559,1980,2004]" name="Australia" pageId="4" pageNumber="203">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
at a depth of
|
||
<quantity id="4CE49B3EFFAFFFA01D9CF861384AF854" box="[724,814,1980,2004]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.463" pageId="4" pageNumber="203" unit="m" value="1463.0">1463 m</quantity>
|
||
. In addition, two specimens described as
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAC9FFAFFFA01A47F8603EFCF854" box="[1295,1432,1980,2004]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="203">G. c a l c a r a t a</emphasis>
|
||
were caught, one with the aforementioned specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D58FFAEFFA11C4AFF45380EFF30" box="[770,874,152,176]" class="Malacostraca" family="Lophogastridae" genus="Gnathophausia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophogastrida" pageId="5" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ingens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAC9FFAEFFA11C4AFF45380EFF30" box="[770,874,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="204">G. ingens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the Arafura Sea, and the other in the vicinity of the Talaur Islands, south of Mindanao (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30B764BFFAEFFA11D05FF6139AAFF54" box="[589,718,188,212]" name="Philippines" pageId="5" pageNumber="204">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
) at a depth of
|
||
<quantity id="4CE49B3EFFAEFFA11C27FF6138D2FF54" box="[879,950,188,212]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.15" pageId="5" pageNumber="204" unit="m" value="915.0">915 m</quantity>
|
||
(G.O. Sars 1885).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA336DBFFAEFFA11F8FFF3D387DFE07" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,860]" pageId="5" pageNumber="204">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D58FFAEFFA11F8FFF3D3A55FF78" box="[199,305,224,248]" class="Malacostraca" family="Lophogastridae" genus="Gnathophausia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophogastrida" pageId="5" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ingens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAC9FFAEFFA11F8FFF3D3A55FF78" box="[199,305,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="204">G. ingens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has also been recorded from the eastern Pacific,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE49B3EFFAEFFA11C38FF0238ACFF77" box="[880,968,223,247]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.991" pageId="5" pageNumber="204" unit="m" value="3991.0">3991 m</quantity>
|
||
off Santa
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D58FFAEFFA11B0CFF023F99FF77" authority="Islands" authorityName="Islands" box="[1092,1277,223,247]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Catalina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Catalina Islands</taxonomicName>
|
||
, at
|
||
<quantity id="4CE49B3EFFAEFFA11A61FF023E16FF77" box="[1321,1394,223,247]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.13" pageId="5" pageNumber="204" unit="m" value="113.0">113 m</quantity>
|
||
off central California, and also from the Gulf of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30B764BFFAEFFA11DDDFED9398EFE9C" box="[661,746,260,284]" name="Mexico" pageId="5" pageNumber="204">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Ortmann 1906). During the Discovery expedition
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAC9FFAEFFA11A7BFED83EFCFE9C" box="[1331,1432,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="204">G. i n g e n s</emphasis>
|
||
was recorded at many localities, most from the coast of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30B764BFFAEFFA11C6AFEFA38DCFEBF" box="[802,952,295,319]" name="South Africa" pageId="5" pageNumber="204">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and one specimen east of La Plata in the south-west Atlantic. Depth ranges varied from 2580–
|
||
<quantity id="4CE49B3EFFAEFFA11DBBFE91382DFEE4" box="[755,841,332,356]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.48" pageId="5" pageNumber="204" unit="m" value="2480.0">2480 m</quantity>
|
||
(west of Cape Town), 175–
|
||
<quantity id="4CE49B3EFFAEFFA11BCFFE913FAAFEE4" box="[1159,1230,332,356]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="5" pageNumber="204" unit="m" value="125.0">125 m</quantity>
|
||
(Gulf of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30B764BFFAEFFA11A73FE913EF4FEE4" box="[1339,1424,332,356]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="5" pageNumber="204">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
), but most between 600 and
|
||
<quantity id="4CE49B3EFFAEFFA11E8CFEB2397CFE07" box="[452,536,367,391]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="204" unit="m" value="1500.0">1500 m</quantity>
|
||
(O.S. Tattersall 1955).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA336DBFFAEFFA11F8FFE493E67FE4F" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,860]" pageId="5" pageNumber="204">
|
||
With the discovery of the mid-Atlantic populations in this study,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D58FFAEFFA11C87FE483F5FFE2C" box="[975,1083,405,428]" class="Malacostraca" family="Lophogastridae" genus="Gnathophausia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophogastrida" pageId="5" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ingens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAC9FFAEFFA11C87FE483F5FFE2C" box="[975,1083,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="204">G. ingens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
must be considered as a true cosmopolitan species, distributed throughout the world’s oceans at depth ranges from
|
||
<quantity id="4CE49B3EFFAEFFA11B11FE6A3F9BFE4F" box="[1113,1279,439,463]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.058" metricValueMax="3.991" metricValueMin="0.125" pageId="5" pageNumber="204" unit="m" value="2058.0" valueMax="3991.0" valueMin="125.0">125 to 3991 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3066550FFAEFFA11F8FFE013B80FCDC" pageId="5" pageNumber="204" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA336DBFFAEFFA11F8FFE01388DFD04" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,860]" pageId="5" pageNumber="204">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAC9FFAEFFA11F8FFE013A5FFE74" bold="true" box="[199,315,476,500]" pageId="5" pageNumber="204">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D58FFAEFFA11E0AFE003ACDFE74" box="[322,425,477,500]" class="Malacostraca" family="Lophogastridae" genus="Gnathophausia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophogastrida" pageId="5" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ingens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAC9FFAEFFA11E0AFE003ACDFE74" box="[322,425,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="204">G. ingens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was first described by Dohrn (1870) based on a specimen sent to him from the Zoological Museum of Hamburg, which he recognized as a true Schizopod and described it as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D58FFAEFFA11BE7FDDD3EF1FD98" box="[1199,1429,512,536]" class="Malacostraca" family="Lophogastridae" genus="Lophogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophogastrida" pageId="5" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ingens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAC9FFAEFFA11BE7FDDD3EF1FD98" box="[1199,1429,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="204">Lophogaster ingens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Willemoes-Suhm (1873) disagreed on the generic placement within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D58FFAEFFA11C8EFDF93F36FDBC" box="[966,1106,548,572]" class="Malacostraca" family="Lophogastridae" genus="Lophogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophogastrida" pageId="5" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAC9FFAEFFA11C8EFDF93F36FDBC" box="[966,1106,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="204">Lophogaster</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which he remarked in his manuscript notes under the name
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAC9FFAEFFA11D61FD953855FDE0" box="[553,817,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="204">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D58FFAEFFA11D61FD953849FDE0" box="[553,813,584,608]" class="Malacostraca" family="Lophogastridae" genus="Gnathophausia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophogastrida" pageId="5" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inflate">Gnathophausia inflate</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
However, as noted by G.O. Sars (1885), being first described by Dohrn (1870) the species name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D58FFAEFFA11DD9FDB039BEFD04" box="[657,730,621,644]" class="Malacostraca" family="Lophogastridae" genus="Lophogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophogastrida" pageId="5" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ingens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAC9FFAEFFA11DD9FDB039BEFD04" box="[657,730,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="204">ingens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has priority over
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D58FFAEFFA11CE9FDB1388DFD04" box="[929,1001,620,644]" class="Malacostraca" family="Lophogastridae" genus="Gnathophausia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophogastrida" pageId="5" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inflate">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAC9FFAEFFA11CE9FDB1388DFD04" box="[929,1001,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="204">inflate</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA336DBFFAEFFA11F8FFD4D3F8DFD6F" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,860]" pageId="5" pageNumber="204">
|
||
Years after its erection, Ortman (1906) demonstrated that several
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D58FFAEFFA11CF8FD4D3F38FD28" box="[944,1116,656,680]" class="Malacostraca" family="Lophogastridae" genus="Gnathophausia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophogastrida" pageId="5" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAC9FFAEFFA11CF8FD4D3F38FD28" box="[944,1116,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="204">Gnathophausia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens, which had been described as new species (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D58FFAEFFA11E80FD683873FD4C" authority="G.O. Sars, 1885" authorityName="G.O. Sars" authorityYear="1885" box="[456,791,692,716]" class="Malacostraca" family="Lophogastridae" genus="Gnathophausia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophogastrida" pageId="5" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calcarata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAC9FFAEFFA11E80FD683931FD4C" box="[456,597,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="204">G. calcarata</emphasis>
|
||
G.O. Sars, 1885
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D58FFAEFFA11C6DFD683F98FD4C" authority="Wood-Mason and Alcock" authorityName="Wood-Mason and Alcock" box="[805,1276,692,716]" class="Malacostraca" family="Lophogastridae" genus="Gnathophausia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophogastrida" pageId="5" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bengalensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAC9FFAEFFA11C6DFD6838AEFD4C" box="[805,970,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="204">G. bengalensis</emphasis>
|
||
Wood-Mason and Alcock
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; 1891; and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D58FFAEFFA11ACCFD683AE9FD6F" authority="Illig 1906" authorityName="Illig" authorityYear="1906" class="Malacostraca" family="Lophogastridae" genus="Gnathophausia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophogastrida" pageId="5" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorypthora">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAC9FFAEFFA11ACCFD683A71FD70" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="204">G. dorypthora</emphasis>
|
||
Illig 1906
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), were actually representatives of various developmental stages of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D58FFAEFFA11B32FD053F86FD70" box="[1146,1250,728,752]" class="Malacostraca" family="Lophogastridae" genus="Lophogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophogastrida" pageId="5" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ingens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAC9FFAEFFA11B32FD053F86FD70" box="[1146,1250,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="204">G. ingens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA336DBFFAEFFA11F8FFD213B80FCDC" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,860]" pageId="5" pageNumber="204">
|
||
Petryashov (1992) proposed that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D58FFAEFFA11D70FD2039F6FC94" box="[568,658,765,788]" class="Malacostraca" family="Lophogastridae" genus="Gnathophausia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophogastrida" pageId="5" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gigas">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAC9FFAEFFA11D70FD2039F6FC94" box="[568,658,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="204">G. gigas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D58FFAEFFA11D81FD203854FC94" box="[713,816,765,788]" class="Malacostraca" family="Lophogastridae" genus="Lophogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophogastrida" pageId="5" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ingens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAC9FFAEFFA11D81FD203854FC94" box="[713,816,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="204">G. ingens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
be removed from the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D58FFAEFFA11B25FD213E7DFC94" box="[1133,1305,764,788]" class="Malacostraca" family="Lophogastridae" genus="Gnathophausia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophogastrida" pageId="5" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAC9FFAEFFA11B25FD213E7DFC94" box="[1133,1305,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="204">Gnathophausia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to form the new genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D58FFAEFFA11E50FCFD3A88FCB8" box="[280,492,800,824]" class="Malacostraca" family="Lophogastridae" genus="Neognathophausia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophogastrida" pageId="5" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAC9FFAEFFA11E50FCFD3A88FCB8" box="[280,492,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="204">Neognathophausia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This proposal was later rejected by Casanova at al. (1998) (see “Remarks” for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D58FFAEFFA11ACCFCFD3BB0FCDC" class="Malacostraca" family="Lophogastridae" genus="Gnathophausia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lophogastrida" pageId="5" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gigas">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAC9FFAEFFA11ACCFCFD3BB0FCDC" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="204">G. gigas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |