465 lines
81 KiB
XML
465 lines
81 KiB
XML
<document id="17B2FD6FE710418A3B7844EA3EE50987" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5122.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6399540" ID-ZooBank="EC13A69D-D6FA-4926-AC59-648A5626C9B9" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1648673390063" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Chiquetto-Machado, Pedro I., Morales, Adriana C. & Cancello, Eliana M." docDate="2022" docId="03B587AAFFE4FFFCFF2AFF2DFE27F7B3" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5122.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5122 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5122.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado & Morales & Cancello 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="53" masterDocId="FF8CFFD2FFD5FFC8FFBDFFBAFFF5F63A" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of Paraphasma Redtenbacher, 1906 (Phasmatodea, Pseudophasmatidae) based on phallic and external morphology" masterLastPageNumber="80" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="50" updateTime="1699309444246" updateUser="plazi">
|
||
<mods:mods id="401560108226827BE20697FD368189F3" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="FDE6AFA9C858D775E5A4FECF07CF016A">
|
||
<mods:title id="8DBE89F6AE97B5D9F5BAC21B7B33482F">Taxonomic revision of Paraphasma Redtenbacher, 1906 (Phasmatodea, Pseudophasmatidae) based on phallic and external morphology</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="6220BD63BA5F9C1DC5AA3D2B0D35EE91" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="1FBCF36DB7D971947E2147EE03FBF25A">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="8E25161DA43D4DAC36E78C8FAE7C3CFF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="F3751F48DA7AA990901AD463A593C9BE">Chiquetto-Machado, Pedro I.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="7265A003BA7CA2F8B873E6193A7A5F1E" type="ORCID">0000-0002-3966-3202</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B093FFCEFBA22A78807314817A52EEB2" type="email">pedroivocm@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="41090C619B30528E74AA8A3FB2A67D0F" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="0D33F426DFDE783D5B69B44B2F31EB5C">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="3CD72ECF3BC1A907DC86EA1AFD3A1AE5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="EBC22888EE347D7E8C1B97B8DD55AAA1">Morales, Adriana C.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="523EBDB827829ACD0B58BB4B3063FD8D" type="ORCID">0000-0002-2108-427X</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="E37CB652187430EB74D27CBA991A504C" type="email">adriana.morales@unesp.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="4B8A792DC8031659D3EA036A3F706372" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="248B20E0C1D2959DF937735B1FABA768">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="B133F512B02F9BE09808280E9304E5D0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="E8D10C49BCC2BB5B3B6DD8F54C0F1BCF">Cancello, Eliana M.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="A75A839D23295F784B64506C555097BA" type="ORCID">0000-0003-3125-6335</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="E24E4AE2B91CA3DA0D06C36E3CC873EC" type="email">ecancell@usp.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="5960FD274FEE7AAE42E5A5837B4C37DC">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="58339E9FBB7931F0D4E7099C52F1BFB1" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="C4AA6255FABFF292B15A3DE4D3F789E5">
|
||
<mods:title id="E38DCB3F76E487B2EB0955AC73DC31C0">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="F383958F8D459737F28CC205A69C2CB0">
|
||
<mods:date id="FCA4D656A1C07898AB20EEA7363BD7CE">2022</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="F927A8D6C68601A405B91632A91A8219" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="C9EC92229EFEF480BF262604E3C7672F">2022-03-30</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="3FE87CDE8396353ED8709709572D7D8C" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="E1AAD03B148D90B862CC9658786F92A1">5122</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="FA89AE8C5A0BA9A242D2B58DF3BF6E43" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="EF33D90F481593ECA0C9A00F08099E44">1</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="C9A60FBCFD39C1F3D639FFD3BD3C1A3C" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="6CD0053D5AF32A15CB17D13F338826CB">1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="E6572863A732F6A2DF3FE3381DE8BEE1">80</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location id="E34F95B8BE79A552AF08258D96B650D9">
|
||
<mods:url id="62E47D00FE86369F3C2BB536E13DCC64">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5122.1.1</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification id="602927C97974F0BC46494B2A5770D59E">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="52A8976431CC4508E8C4CFC2B74870CF" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5122.1.1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="135961DC17F49A2BE5C259DD3F69A19D" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="EA170ECC41EB18496083CE498F0F47C8" type="Zenodo-Dep">6399540</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="45D0B6265E5617EF2B62A927096DFAA9" type="ZooBank">EC13A69D-D6FA-4926-AC59-648A5626C9B9</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="03B587AAFFE4FFFCFF2AFF2DFE27F7B3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587AAFFE4FFFCFF2AFF2DFE27F7B3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587AAFFE4FFFCFF2AFF2DFE27F7B3" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3066537FFE4FFF9FF2AFF2DFCD0F68B" box="[151,805,151,178]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFE4FFF9FF2AFF2DFCD0F68B" blockId="49.[151,1079,151,243]" box="[151,805,151,178]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<heading id="D0EB81D0FFE4FFF9FF2AFF2DFCD0F68B" bold="true" box="[151,805,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE4FFF9FF2AFF2DFCD0F68B" bold="true" box="[151,805,151,178]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFE4FFF9FF2AFF2DFD35F68B" ID-CoL="9J58M" authority="Chiquetto-Machado" authorityName="Chiquetto-Machado & Morales & Cancello" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,704,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinicauda" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE4FFF9FF2AFF2DFE49F688" bold="true" box="[151,444,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Paraphasma spinicauda</emphasis>
|
||
Chiquetto-Machado
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25B57D5FFE4FFF9FD7AFF2DFCD0F68B" box="[711,805,151,177]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3066537FFE4FFF9FF2AFF01FADBF796" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFE4FFF9FF2AFF01FE89F6EF" blockId="49.[151,1079,151,243]" box="[151,380,187,214]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE4FFF9FF2AFF01FEE2F6EC" box="[151,279,187,214]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 35" captionStart-1="FIGURE 36" captionStart-2="FIGURE 37" captionStart-3="FIGURE 38" captionStart-4="FIGURE 39" captionStartId-0="50.[151,250,1965,1989]" captionStartId-1="51.[151,250,1024,1048]" captionStartId-2="52.[151,250,1758,1782]" captionStartId-3="53.[151,250,1900,1924]" captionStartId-4="54.[151,250,1053,1077]" captionTargetBox-0="[258,1328,777,1942]" captionTargetBox-1="[177,1409,199,1001]" captionTargetBox-2="[156,1429,420,1734]" captionTargetBox-3="[183,1404,181,1874]" captionTargetBox-4="[227,1360,183,1025]" captionTargetId-0="figure-312@50.[258,1328,777,1942]" captionTargetId-1="figure-30@51.[177,1411,199,1001]" captionTargetId-2="figure-109@52.[156,1430,417,1735]" captionTargetId-3="figure-22@53.[183,1404,181,1876]" captionTargetId-4="figure-27@54.[227,1361,181,1029]" captionTargetPageId-0="50" captionTargetPageId-1="51" captionTargetPageId-2="52" captionTargetPageId-3="53" captionTargetPageId-4="54" captionText-0="FIGURE 35. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male, holotype (NHM 012502938). A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. E. Tegmina, dorsal view. F. Labels." captionText-1="FIGURE 36. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male terminalia.A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = spiniform projection on the posterolateral region of tergite X. Scale bars = 1 mm." captionText-2="FIGURE 37. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., illustrations of the phallic organ. A. Dorsal view. B. Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. C. Caudal view. D. Left view. E. Right view. Abbreviations: b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; rbp, right basal pouch; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes. * = right ventral ramification of the dorsal lobe. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from Chiquetto-Machado & Cancello (2021: fig 9)." captionText-3="FIGURE 38. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., female, paratype (NHM 012502931). A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. E. Labels. F–H. Terminalia, dorsal (F), lateral (G) and ventral (H) views. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; PO, praeopercular organ; SP, subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X. Scale bars = 10 mm, unless otherwise indicated." captionText-4="FIGURE 39. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., egg. Dorsal (A), lateral (B) and anterodorsal (C) views. Abbreviations: Ca, capsule; Op, operculum; MP, micropylar plate. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399628" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399632" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399634" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399638" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399642" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/6399628/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/6399632/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/6399634/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/6399638/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/6399642/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Figs 35–39</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<tableCitation id="C69E0307FFE4FFF9FE9FFF01FE82F6EF" box="[290,375,187,213]" captionStart="TABLE 8" captionStartId="54.[151,239,1161,1185]" captionText="TABLE 8. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., measurements (length in mm) of the holotype (HT) and paratypes (PT)." pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Table 8</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFE4FFF9FF2AFF61FBC2F6C9" blockId="49.[151,1079,151,243]" box="[151,1079,219,243]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
http://zoobank.org/
|
||
<uri id="FF8D3ABEFFE4FFF9FEE3FF61FBC2F6C9" box="[350,1079,219,243]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
|
||
<uuid id="FFBA0C69FFE4FFF9FDE8FF61FBC2F6C9" box="[597,1079,219,243]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">B1F6133F-896F-4981-AA43-6C35BDE2FE0F</uuid>
|
||
</uri>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFE4FFF9FF2AFEA3FADBF796" blockId="49.[151,1437,281,428]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFE4FFF9FF2AFEA3FEA7F70B" box="[151,338,281,305]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undefined-3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE4FFF9FF2AFEA3FEEDF70B" box="[151,280,281,305]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Paraphasma</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B743CE1FFE4FFF9FE9DFEA3FEA7F70B" box="[288,338,281,305]" collectingDate="1982-02" collectionCode="NHM" collectorName="G. Onore & Jungle" country="Ecuador" location="Coca" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" specimenCode="NHM 012502938" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Napo" typeStatus="holotype">sp. 3</materialsCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFE4FFF9FEE3FEA3FCF7F70B" author="Chiquetto-Machado, P. I. & Cancello, E. M." box="[350,770,281,305]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="158 - 198" refId="ref44573" refString="Chiquetto-Machado, P. I. & Cancello, E. M. (2021) Cladistic analysis of Paraphasma (Phasmatodea: Pseudophasmatidae) highlights the importance of the phallic organ for phasmid systematics. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 193, 158 - 198. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / zoolinnean / zlab 004" type="journal article" year="2021">Chiquetto-Machado & Cancello, 2021: 4</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 26, figs 9, 19B, 21A, 23A, 25, 26.
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE4FFF9FBCFFEA3FB28F70B" bold="true" box="[1138,1245,281,305]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A7881EFFE4FFF9FBCFFEA3FB2DF70B" box="[1138,1240,281,305]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1AFD35FFE4FFF9FB59FEA3FB0CF70A" box="[1252,1273,281,304]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30B762CFFE4FFF9FAB8FEA3FAAEF70B" box="[1285,1371,281,305]" name="Ecuador" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D8F85EFFE4FFF9FAD8FEA3FED1F76A" country="Ecuador" name="Napo" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Napo Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EC36067FFE4FFF9FE92FE82FE93F76A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587AAFFE4FFFCFF2AFF2DFE27F7B3:8EC36067FFE4FFF9FE92FE82FE93F76A" box="[303,358,312,336]" country="Ecuador" name="Coca" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" stateProvince="Napo">Coca</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFA2107CFFE4FFF9FECDFE82FE4FF76A" box="[368,442,312,336]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="1982-02">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFE6E994FFE4FFF9FECDFE82FE4FF76A" box="[368,442,312,336]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="1982-02">ii.1982</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26E9536AFFE4FFF9FE78FE82FDD3F76A" box="[453,550,312,336]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">G. Onore</collectorName>
|
||
, B.M. 1985–61,
|
||
<collectorName id="26E9536AFFE4FFF9FD6FFE82FCE1F76A" box="[722,788,312,336]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Jungle</collectorName>
|
||
vegetation (
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBBA9EC7FFE4FFF9FC2EFE82FBBEF775" box="[915,1099,311,336]" collectionCode="NHM" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14908" name="University of Nottingham" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="Herbarium">NHM 012502938</specimenCode>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE4FFF9FBDDFE82FB59F775" box="[1120,1196,311,336]" captionStart="FIGURE 35" captionStartId="50.[151,250,1965,1989]" captionTargetBox="[258,1328,777,1942]" captionTargetId="figure-312@50.[258,1328,777,1942]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURE 35. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male, holotype (NHM 012502938). A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. E. Tegmina, dorsal view. F. Labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399628" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399628/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 35</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B743CE1FFE4FFF9FB02FE82FBD4F754" collectingDate="1982-02" collectionCode="NHM" collectorName="G. Onore & Jungle" country="Ecuador" location="Coca" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" specimenCode="NHM 012502931, 012502932, 012502933, 012502935" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="4" stateProvince="Napo" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE4FFF9FB02FE82FAC1F76A" bold="true" box="[1215,1332,312,336]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A7881EFFE4FFF9FB02FE82FADAF76A" box="[1215,1327,312,336]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1AFD35FFE4FFF9FA86FE82FAA9F76A" box="[1339,1372,312,336]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="female">4♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE4FFF9FAD5FE82FE84F754" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">same data as holotype</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBBA9EC7FFE4FFF9FEC2FEECFDCDF754" box="[383,568,342,366]" collectionCode="NHM" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14908" name="University of Nottingham" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="Herbarium">NHM 012502931</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBBA9EC7FFE4FFF9FDFEFEECFD4DF754" box="[579,696,342,366]" collectionCode="NHM" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14908" name="University of Nottingham" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="Herbarium">012502932</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBBA9EC7FFE4FFF9FD7EFEECFCCDF754" box="[707,824,342,366]" collectionCode="NHM" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14908" name="University of Nottingham" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="Herbarium">012502933</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBBA9EC7FFE4FFF9FCFEFEECFC42F754" box="[835,951,342,366]" collectionCode="NHM" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14908" name="University of Nottingham" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="Herbarium">012502935</specimenCode>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE4FFF9FC71FEECFBECF754" box="[972,1049,342,366]" captionStart="FIGURE 38" captionStartId="53.[151,250,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[183,1404,181,1874]" captionTargetId="figure-22@53.[183,1404,181,1876]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURE 38. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., female, paratype (NHM 012502931). A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. E. Labels. F–H. Terminalia, dorsal (F), lateral (G) and ventral (H) views. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; PO, praeopercular organ; SP, subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X. Scale bars = 10 mm, unless otherwise indicated." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399638" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399638/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 38</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B743CE1FFE4FFF9FB90FEECFB5EF7B7" collectingDate="1982-04" collectionCode="NHM" collectorName="G. Onore & Jungle" country="Ecuador" location="Coca" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" specimenCode="NHM 012502934, 012502936, 012502937" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3" stateProvince="Napo" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1AFD35FFE4FFF9FB90FEECFBB8F754" box="[1069,1101,342,366]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="female">3♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30B762CFFE4FFF9FBE6FEECFB44F754" box="[1115,1201,342,366]" name="Ecuador" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D8F85EFFE4FFF9FB01FEEDFAA2F754" box="[1212,1367,342,366]" country="Ecuador" name="Napo" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Napo Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EC36067FFE4FFF9FADFFEECFA6CF754" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587AAFFE4FFFCFF2AFF2DFE27F7B3:8EC36067FFE4FFF9FADFFEECFA6CF754" box="[1378,1433,342,366]" country="Ecuador" name="Coca" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" stateProvince="Napo">Coca</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFA2107CFFE4FFF9FF7AFECFFEE1F7B7" box="[199,276,373,397]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="1982-04">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFE6E994FFE4FFF9FF7AFECFFEE1F7B7" box="[199,276,373,397]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="1982-04">iv.1982</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26E9536AFFE4FFF9FEA2FECFFE74F7B7" box="[287,385,373,397]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">G. Onore</collectorName>
|
||
, B.M. 1985–61,
|
||
<collectorName id="26E9536AFFE4FFF9FD96FECFFD98F7B7" box="[555,621,373,397]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Jungle</collectorName>
|
||
vegetation (
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBBA9EC7FFE4FFF9FD56FECFFC51F7B7" box="[747,932,373,397]" collectionCode="NHM" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14908" name="University of Nottingham" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="Herbarium">NHM 012502934</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBBA9EC7FFE4FFF9FC13FECFFBD6F7B7" box="[942,1059,373,397]" collectionCode="NHM" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14908" name="University of Nottingham" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="Herbarium">012502936</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBBA9EC7FFE4FFF9FB90FECFFB51F7B7" box="[1069,1188,373,397]" collectionCode="NHM" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14908" name="University of Nottingham" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="Herbarium">012502937</specimenCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B743CE1FFE4FFF9FB08FECFFADFF796" collectingDate="2004-04" collectionCode="INPA" collectorName="Coleta & Xavier" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" latitude="-4.2555556" location="Nova Alianca" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-69.345" municipality="Benjamin Constant" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1AFD35FFE4FFF9FB08FECFFB23F7B7" box="[1205,1238,373,397]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30B762CFFE4FFF9FB5CFECFFAD4F7B7" box="[1249,1313,373,397]" name="Brazil" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62C24E30FFE4FFF9FA96FECFFA6CF7B7" box="[1323,1433,373,397]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Amazonas</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC7ACC6FFE4FFF9FF7AFE2EFE78F796" box="[199,397,404,428]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Benjamin Constant</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EC36067FFE4FFF9FE2AFE2EFDD1F796" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587AAFFE4FFFCFF2AFF2DFE27F7B3:8EC36067FFE4FFF9FE2AFE2EFDD1F796" box="[407,548,404,428]" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" latitude="-4.2555556" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-69.345" municipality="Benjamin Constant" name="Nova Alianca" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Nova Aliança</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE28507BFFE4FFF9FD93FE29FD53F791" box="[558,678,403,427]" degrees="04" direction="south" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" precision="15" seconds="20" value="-4.2555556">04º15’20”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE28507BFFE4FFF9FD0DFE29FCC5F791" box="[688,816,403,427]" degrees="69" direction="west" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" precision="15" seconds="42" value="-69.345">69º20’42”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFA2107CFFE4FFF9FC87FE2EFC72F796" box="[826,903,404,428]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="2004-04">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFE6E994FFE4FFF9FC87FE2EFC72F796" box="[826,903,404,428]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="2004-04">iv.2004</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26E9536AFFE4FFF9FC2FFE2EFC21F796" box="[914,980,404,428]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Coleta</collectorName>
|
||
manual,
|
||
<collectorName id="26E9536AFFE4FFF9FB8FFE2EFB82F796" box="[1074,1143,404,428]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Xavier</collectorName>
|
||
Fº, F. F. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED0DAE79FFE4FFF9FB65FE2EFAECF796" box="[1240,1305,404,428]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">INPA</collectionCode>
|
||
*)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3066537FFE4FFF9FF2AFE6FFB33F428" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFE4FFF9FF2AFE6FFB33F428" blockId="49.[151,1437,468,2032]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE4FFF9FF2AFE6FFEEBF7D5" bold="true" box="[151,286,469,495]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
Noun in apposition formed by the Latin words
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE4FFF9FC9DFE6FFCA8F7D4" box="[800,861,469,494]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">spina</emphasis>
|
||
(= spine) and
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE4FFF9FC4BFE6EFBCFF7D4" box="[1014,1082,468,494]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">cauda</emphasis>
|
||
(= tail), referring to a diagnostic feature of this species, the pair of posterolateral spiniform projections on the tergite X of males.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3066537FFE4FFF9FF7AFDA6FD8DF56E" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFE4FFF9FF7AFDA6FD8DF56E" blockId="49.[151,1437,468,2032]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE4FFF9FF7AFDA6FEB7F40C" bold="true" box="[199,322,540,566]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
The male can be easily identified by the unique terminalia morphology (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE4FFF9FBD6FDA6FB00F40D" box="[1131,1269,540,567]" captionStart="FIGURE 36" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1024,1048]" captionTargetBox="[177,1409,199,1001]" captionTargetId="figure-30@51.[177,1411,199,1001]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 36. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male terminalia.A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = spiniform projection on the posterolateral region of tergite X. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399632" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399632/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 36A–D</figureCitation>
|
||
), with a pair of spiniform projections on the posterolateral regions of tergite X (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE4FFF9FCD0FDFAFC02F463" box="[877,1015,575,602]" captionStart="FIGURE 36" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1024,1048]" captionTargetBox="[177,1409,199,1001]" captionTargetId="figure-30@51.[177,1411,199,1001]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 36. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male terminalia.A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = spiniform projection on the posterolateral region of tergite X. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399632" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399632/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 36B–D</figureCitation>
|
||
: arrows), cerci strongly incurved and with acuminate apex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE4FFF9FE29FDD9FDD4F444" box="[404,545,611,638]" captionStart="FIGURE 36" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1024,1048]" captionTargetBox="[177,1409,199,1001]" captionTargetId="figure-30@51.[177,1411,199,1001]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 36. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male terminalia.A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = spiniform projection on the posterolateral region of tergite X. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399632" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399632/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 36A–D</figureCitation>
|
||
), and posterior margin of subgenital plate acuminate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE4FFF9FB36FDD9FAFBF444" box="[1163,1294,611,638]" captionStart="FIGURE 36" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1024,1048]" captionTargetBox="[177,1409,199,1001]" captionTargetId="figure-30@51.[177,1411,199,1001]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 36. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male terminalia.A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = spiniform projection on the posterolateral region of tergite X. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399632" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399632/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 36B,C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Diagnostic features of the female include the straight posterior margin of sternite VII, lacking a rounded indentation, and the praeopercular organ more pronounced than in other species of the genus, developed into a distinct bulge with blunt apex, sometimes surpassing the posterior margin of sternite VII (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE4FFF9FC03FD74FBB1F4D3" box="[958,1092,718,745]" captionStart="FIGURE 38" captionStartId="53.[151,250,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[183,1404,181,1874]" captionTargetId="figure-22@53.[183,1404,181,1876]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURE 38. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., female, paratype (NHM 012502931). A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. E. Labels. F–H. Terminalia, dorsal (F), lateral (G) and ventral (H) views. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; PO, praeopercular organ; SP, subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X. Scale bars = 10 mm, unless otherwise indicated." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399638" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399638/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 38G,H</figureCitation>
|
||
). Although not exclusive of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFE4FFF9FA35FD75FEE7F536" authority="Chiquetto-Machado & Morales & Cancello, 2022" authorityName="Chiquetto-Machado & Morales & Cancello" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinicauda" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE4FFF9FA35FD75FEE7F536" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">P. spinicauda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE4FFF9FEA1FD48FE8DF536" bold="true" box="[284,376,754,780]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25B57D5FFE4FFF9FEA1FD48FE8DF536" box="[284,376,754,780]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, additional features that may be useful for the identification of this species are the rounded tegmina (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE4FFF9FEBDFCACFE97F50B" box="[256,354,790,817]" captionStart="FIGURE 35" captionStartId="50.[151,250,1965,1989]" captionTargetBox="[258,1328,777,1942]" captionTargetId="figure-312@50.[258,1328,777,1942]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURE 35. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male, holotype (NHM 012502938). A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. E. Tegmina, dorsal view. F. Labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399628" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399628/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 35E</figureCitation>
|
||
) and the body maintaining relatively bright colors in dried specimens, predominantly shiny black with light yellow regions (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE4FFF9FE02FC80FDE3F56F" box="[447,534,826,853]" captionStart="FIGURE 35" captionStartId="50.[151,250,1965,1989]" captionTargetBox="[258,1328,777,1942]" captionTargetId="figure-312@50.[258,1328,777,1942]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURE 35. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male, holotype (NHM 012502938). A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. E. Tegmina, dorsal view. F. Labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399628" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399628/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Figs 35</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE4FFF9FD9FFC80FDB5F56E" box="[546,576,826,852]" captionStart="FIGURE 36" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1024,1048]" captionTargetBox="[177,1409,199,1001]" captionTargetId="figure-30@51.[177,1411,199,1001]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 36. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male terminalia.A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = spiniform projection on the posterolateral region of tergite X. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399632" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399632/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">36</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE4FFF9FDF1FC80FD99F56E" box="[588,620,826,852]" captionStart="FIGURE 38" captionStartId="53.[151,250,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[183,1404,181,1874]" captionTargetId="figure-22@53.[183,1404,181,1876]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURE 38. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., female, paratype (NHM 012502931). A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. E. Labels. F–H. Terminalia, dorsal (F), lateral (G) and ventral (H) views. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; PO, praeopercular organ; SP, subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X. Scale bars = 10 mm, unless otherwise indicated." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399638" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399638/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">38</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3066537FFE4FFFCFF7AFCE7FEFAF6EF" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFE4FFFAFF7AFCE7FE51F4CB" blockId="49.[151,1437,468,2032]" lastBlockId="50.[151,1437,150,753]" lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE4FFF9FF7AFCE7FD50F54D" bold="true" box="[199,677,861,888]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Description of male. Color (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE4FFF9FDAFFCE7FD9CF54D" box="[530,617,861,887]" captionStart="FIGURE 35" captionStartId="50.[151,250,1965,1989]" captionTargetBox="[258,1328,777,1942]" captionTargetId="figure-312@50.[258,1328,777,1942]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURE 35. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male, holotype (NHM 012502938). A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. E. Tegmina, dorsal view. F. Labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399628" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399628/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Figs 35</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE4FFF9FDCBFCE7FD63F54D" box="[630,662,861,887]" captionStart="FIGURE 36" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1024,1048]" captionTargetBox="[177,1409,199,1001]" captionTargetId="figure-30@51.[177,1411,199,1001]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 36. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male terminalia.A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = spiniform projection on the posterolateral region of tergite X. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399632" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399632/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">36</figureCitation>
|
||
):
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Body mostly shiny black or dark brown, with a pair of light yellow lateral stripes extending along head, prothorax, mesothorax and costal region of tegmina and hindwing. Head, pro- and mesothorax with conspicuous light yellow dorsomedian line; pro- and mesothorax diffusely stained in the same color. Legs shiny black or dark brown, with light yellow stains; profemur more densely stained. Femora-tibiae and tibiae-tarsi joints also light yellow, as well as apex of tarsi and tarsal claws. Body ventrally brown; subgenital plate black-stained.
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE4FFF9FE86FBAAFDD3F210" bold="true" box="[315,550,1040,1066]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Head (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE4FFF9FE36FBAAFDECF210" box="[395,537,1040,1066]" captionStart="FIGURE 35" captionStartId="50.[151,250,1965,1989]" captionTargetBox="[258,1328,777,1942]" captionTargetId="figure-312@50.[258,1328,777,1942]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURE 35. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male, holotype (NHM 012502938). A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. E. Tegmina, dorsal view. F. Labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399628" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399628/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 35A–D</figureCitation>
|
||
):
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Smooth; about as long as wide; sub-rectangular in dorsal view; vertex weakly convex. Compound eye very prominent, large, covering half of head length, almost round in lateral view. Ocelli well-developed; median one distinctly separated from lateral pair.Antennae filiform, very long, distinctly surpassing end of abdomen; scape compressed dorsoventrally; pedicel cylindrical, slightly shorter than scape; first flagellomere about 3x longer than pedicel.
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE4FFF9FE4EFB25FD09F283" bold="true" box="[499,764,1183,1209]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Thorax (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE4FFF9FDE3FB25FD1AF283" box="[606,751,1183,1209]" captionStart="FIGURE 35" captionStartId="50.[151,250,1965,1989]" captionTargetBox="[258,1328,777,1942]" captionTargetId="figure-312@50.[258,1328,777,1942]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURE 35. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male, holotype (NHM 012502938). A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. E. Tegmina, dorsal view. F. Labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399628" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399628/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 35A–D</figureCitation>
|
||
):
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Prothorax smooth; slightly longer and distinctly narrower than head; weakly convex dorsally and ventrally, laterally flat. Pronotum sub-rectangular, with slight constriction on anterior third; anterolateral corners with rounded indentations, outlining openings of paired defensive glands; posterior margin convex; pair of gentle dorsolateral carinae originating posterior to defensive glands and extending until nearly posterior margin. Mesothorax slightly rugose, approximately 1.5x longer than prothorax; about as wide as prothorax on anterior half and gradually widening on posterior half. Mesonotum with weak longitudinal carina extending along each lateral margin; mesepisternum with more pronounced carina extending along ventral margin. Metathorax and median segment smooth; parallel-sided, as wide as posterior region of mesothorax; dorsally convex, laterally flat, weakly convex ventrally; metathorax about 3x longer than median segment; both combined almost 2x longer than mesothorax. Metepisternum with longitudinal carina extending along ventral margin.
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE4FFF9FF2AF9BFFE8AF024" bold="true" box="[151,383,1540,1567]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Legs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE4FFF9FF5CF9BEFE87F024" box="[225,370,1540,1566]" captionStart="FIGURE 35" captionStartId="50.[151,250,1965,1989]" captionTargetBox="[258,1328,777,1942]" captionTargetId="figure-312@50.[258,1328,777,1942]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURE 35. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male, holotype (NHM 012502938). A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. E. Tegmina, dorsal view. F. Labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399628" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399628/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 35A–D</figureCitation>
|
||
):
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Fairly long and slender. Profemur about 1.3x longer than combined length of mesothorax, metathorax and median segment; curved and compressed basally; approximately trapezoidal in cross-section, with carinate edges and distinct ventromedian carina; anterodorsal carina weakly raised. Mesofemur slightly longer than pro- and mesothorax combined; 0.6x length of profemur. Metafemur slightly shorter than profemur. Meso- and metafemur sub-rectangular in cross-section, with dorsal and ventral faces slightly convex; edges weakly carinate; ventromedian carina absent. Tibiae slightly shorter than corresponding femur, 1.5–2x longer than corresponding tarsus; rectangular or trapezoidal in cross-section; ventromedian carina absent; with conspicuous
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE4FFF9FABDF966FA63F0CF" box="[1280,1430,1755,1781]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">area apicalis</emphasis>
|
||
. Pro- and metabasitarsus slightly longer than following three tarsomeres combined; mesobasitarsus about as long as following three tarsomeres combined.
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE4FFF9FDC7F898FC82F106" bold="true" box="[634,887,1826,1852]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Wings (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE4FFF9FD64F898FC9FF106" box="[729,874,1826,1852]" captionStart="FIGURE 35" captionStartId="50.[151,250,1965,1989]" captionTargetBox="[258,1328,777,1942]" captionTargetId="figure-312@50.[258,1328,777,1942]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURE 35. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male, holotype (NHM 012502938). A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. E. Tegmina, dorsal view. F. Labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399628" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399628/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 35A–E</figureCitation>
|
||
):
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Tegmina short, not reaching median region of metanotum; in dorsal view 2–2.5x longer than wide; rounded, but apical margin slightly truncate; shoulder pad very prominent, varying from dull protuberance to relatively blunt spine; anal region with conspicuous reticulate venation. Hindwing well-developed, reaching abdominal tergite VII.
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE4FFF9FC00F837FAE2F19D" bold="true" box="[957,1303,1933,1959]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Abdomen (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE4FFF9FBF8F837FB22F19D" box="[1093,1239,1933,1959]" captionStart="FIGURE 35" captionStartId="50.[151,250,1965,1989]" captionTargetBox="[258,1328,777,1942]" captionTargetId="figure-312@50.[258,1328,777,1942]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURE 35. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male, holotype (NHM 012502938). A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. E. Tegmina, dorsal view. F. Labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399628" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399628/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Figs 35A–C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE4FFF9FB55F837FAFDF19D" box="[1256,1288,1933,1959]" captionStart="FIGURE 36" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1024,1048]" captionTargetBox="[177,1409,199,1001]" captionTargetId="figure-30@51.[177,1411,199,1001]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 36. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male terminalia.A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = spiniform projection on the posterolateral region of tergite X. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399632" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399632/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">36</figureCitation>
|
||
):
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Almost 2x longer than the combined length of head, thorax and median segment; dorsally and ventrally smooth. Segments gradually shortening from II to VIII. Tergites VIII–X (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE4FFF9FCB0F86FFC6DF1CA" box="[781,920,2005,2032]" captionStart="FIGURE 36" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1024,1048]" captionTargetBox="[177,1409,199,1001]" captionTargetId="figure-30@51.[177,1411,199,1001]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 36. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male terminalia.A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = spiniform projection on the posterolateral region of tergite X. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399632" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399632/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 36A–D</figureCitation>
|
||
) very short and distinctly wider than II–VII. Tergites IX and X strongly convex; IX about 1.5x longer than X. Tergite X (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE7FFFAFBB0FF2DFB6DF688" box="[1037,1176,151,178]" captionStart="FIGURE 36" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1024,1048]" captionTargetBox="[177,1409,199,1001]" captionTargetId="figure-30@51.[177,1411,199,1001]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 36. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male terminalia.A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = spiniform projection on the posterolateral region of tergite X. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399632" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399632/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 36A–D</figureCitation>
|
||
) distinctly longer than wide; posterior margin truncate in dorsal view; posterolateral regions rounded and swollen, developed into a pair of stout, somewhat blunt spiniform projections, pointing ventrally and inwards (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE7FFFAFB8BFF65FB36F6C3" box="[1078,1219,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 36" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1024,1048]" captionTargetBox="[177,1409,199,1001]" captionTargetId="figure-30@51.[177,1411,199,1001]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 36. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male terminalia.A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = spiniform projection on the posterolateral region of tergite X. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399632" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399632/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 36B–D</figureCitation>
|
||
: arrows). Posterior margin of tergite X bearing approximately 30 uniformly distributed minute teeth, not grouped into well-delimited thorn pads. Cerci (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE7FFFAFED1FE9DFE00F778" box="[364,501,295,322]" captionStart="FIGURE 36" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1024,1048]" captionTargetBox="[177,1409,199,1001]" captionTargetId="figure-30@51.[177,1411,199,1001]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 36. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male terminalia.A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = spiniform projection on the posterolateral region of tergite X. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399632" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399632/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 36A–D</figureCitation>
|
||
) slightly longer than tergite X; strongly incurved, round in cross-section, tapering apically; apex acuminate. Epiproct small, rounded, hardly visible under tergite X. Vomer (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE7FFFAFB32FEF1FB06F75C" box="[1167,1267,331,358]" captionStart="FIGURE 36" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1024,1048]" captionTargetBox="[177,1409,199,1001]" captionTargetId="figure-30@51.[177,1411,199,1001]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 36. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male terminalia.A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = spiniform projection on the posterolateral region of tergite X. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399632" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399632/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 36E</figureCitation>
|
||
) subtriangular, symmetric; about as long as wide; basal region broad, gradually constricting towards apex. Subgenital plate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE7FFFAFAD2FED5FF1FF794" captionStart="FIGURE 36" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1024,1048]" captionTargetBox="[177,1409,199,1001]" captionTargetId="figure-30@51.[177,1411,199,1001]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 36. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male terminalia.A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = spiniform projection on the posterolateral region of tergite X. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399632" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399632/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 36B–D</figureCitation>
|
||
) approximately boat-shaped, about 3x longer than sternite VIII; distinctly divided into anterior and posterior region; posterior margin distinctly acuminate.
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE7FFFAFD1DFE0CFC40F7EA" bold="true" box="[672,949,438,465]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
Phallic organ (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE7FFFAFCEDFE0CFC53F7EA" box="[848,934,438,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="52.[151,250,1758,1782]" captionTargetBox="[156,1429,420,1734]" captionTargetId="figure-109@52.[156,1430,417,1735]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="FIGURE 37. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., illustrations of the phallic organ. A. Dorsal view. B. Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. C. Caudal view. D. Left view. E. Right view. Abbreviations: b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; rbp, right basal pouch; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes. * = right ventral ramification of the dorsal lobe. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from Chiquetto-Machado & Cancello (2021: fig 9)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399634" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399634/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
|
||
):
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal sclerite wider than long (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE7FFFAFA9AFE0DFA8FF7EB" box="[1319,1402,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="52.[151,250,1758,1782]" captionTargetBox="[156,1429,420,1734]" captionTargetId="figure-109@52.[156,1430,417,1735]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="FIGURE 37. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., illustrations of the phallic organ. A. Dorsal view. B. Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. C. Caudal view. D. Left view. E. Right view. Abbreviations: b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; rbp, right basal pouch; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes. * = right ventral ramification of the dorsal lobe. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from Chiquetto-Machado & Cancello (2021: fig 9)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399634" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399634/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
|
||
, in red), roughly X-shaped in dorsal view; distal process elongate and narrow, directed posteriorly and to the left (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE7FFFAFAD2FE61FF42F423" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="52.[151,250,1758,1782]" captionTargetBox="[156,1429,420,1734]" captionTargetId="figure-109@52.[156,1430,417,1735]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="FIGURE 37. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., illustrations of the phallic organ. A. Dorsal view. B. Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. C. Caudal view. D. Left view. E. Right view. Abbreviations: b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; rbp, right basal pouch; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes. * = right ventral ramification of the dorsal lobe. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from Chiquetto-Machado & Cancello (2021: fig 9)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399634" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399634/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
|
||
: dp); distal right region of dorsal sclerite also developed into a process, similar in size and shape to distal process, directed posteriorly and to the right. Dorsal and ventral lobes partially fused on left side. Dorsal lobe (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE7FFFAFAA1FD99FA84F407" box="[1308,1393,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="52.[151,250,1758,1782]" captionTargetBox="[156,1429,420,1734]" captionTargetId="figure-109@52.[156,1430,417,1735]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="FIGURE 37. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., illustrations of the phallic organ. A. Dorsal view. B. Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. C. Caudal view. D. Left view. E. Right view. Abbreviations: b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; rbp, right basal pouch; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes. * = right ventral ramification of the dorsal lobe. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from Chiquetto-Machado & Cancello (2021: fig 9)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399634" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399634/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
|
||
: dl) subdivided into main body on the left and a ventral smaller pouch on the right (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE7FFFAFB9FFDFDFB8DF45B" box="[1058,1144,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="52.[151,250,1758,1782]" captionTargetBox="[156,1429,420,1734]" captionTargetId="figure-109@52.[156,1430,417,1735]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="FIGURE 37. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., illustrations of the phallic organ. A. Dorsal view. B. Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. C. Caudal view. D. Left view. E. Right view. Abbreviations: b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; rbp, right basal pouch; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes. * = right ventral ramification of the dorsal lobe. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from Chiquetto-Machado & Cancello (2021: fig 9)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399634" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399634/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
|
||
: asterisks). Sclerite of the ventral lobe of “small-double
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A7881EFFE7FFFAFE57FDD1FDE8F4BF" box="[490,541,619,645]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">type</typeStatus>
|
||
” (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE7FFFAFD8AFDD1FD7FF4BF" box="[567,650,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="52.[151,250,1758,1782]" captionTargetBox="[156,1429,420,1734]" captionTargetId="figure-109@52.[156,1430,417,1735]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="FIGURE 37. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., illustrations of the phallic organ. A. Dorsal view. B. Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. C. Caudal view. D. Left view. E. Right view. Abbreviations: b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; rbp, right basal pouch; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes. * = right ventral ramification of the dorsal lobe. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from Chiquetto-Machado & Cancello (2021: fig 9)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399634" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399634/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
|
||
, in green), composed of two separate small regions, both restricted to inner face of ventral lobe; smaller region positioned more basally and to the left, larger region more distally and to the right; each region forming a dull protuberance. Two base apodemes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE7FFFAFC03FD09FBE5F4F7" box="[958,1040,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="52.[151,250,1758,1782]" captionTargetBox="[156,1429,420,1734]" captionTargetId="figure-109@52.[156,1430,417,1735]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="FIGURE 37. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., illustrations of the phallic organ. A. Dorsal view. B. Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. C. Caudal view. D. Left view. E. Right view. Abbreviations: b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; rbp, right basal pouch; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes. * = right ventral ramification of the dorsal lobe. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from Chiquetto-Machado & Cancello (2021: fig 9)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399634" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399634/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
|
||
, in blue) projecting into dorsal lobe as spatulate expansions.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF636634FFE7FFFAFF2AF817FA68F1D3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399628" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6399628" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399628/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" startId="50.[151,250,1965,1989]" targetBox="[258,1328,777,1942]" targetPageId="50">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFE7FFFAFF2AF817FA68F1D3" blockId="50.[151,1437,1965,2025]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE7FFFAFF2AF817FED5F1FF" bold="true" box="[151,288,1965,1989]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">FIGURE 35.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFE7FFFAFE9AF817FD05F1FF" authority="Chiquetto-Machado" authorityName="Chiquetto-Machado & Morales & Cancello" authorityYear="2022" box="[295,752,1965,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinicauda" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE7FFFAFE9AF817FDEBF1FF" box="[295,542,1965,1989]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Paraphasma spinicauda</emphasis>
|
||
Chiquetto-Machado
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE7FFFAFD4AF817FCBDF1FF" bold="true" box="[759,840,1965,1989]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25B57D5FFE7FFFAFD4AF817FCBDF1FF" box="[759,840,1965,1989]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, male, holotype (NHM 012502938).
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE7FFFAFB79F817FB09F1FF" bold="true" box="[1220,1276,1965,1989]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">A–C.</emphasis>
|
||
Habitus, dorsal (
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE7FFFAFF1DF86BFF47F1D3" bold="true" box="[160,178,2001,2025]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">A</emphasis>
|
||
), lateral (
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE7FFFAFEA5F86BFEDCF1D3" bold="true" box="[280,297,2001,2025]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">B</emphasis>
|
||
) and ventral (
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE7FFFAFE00F86BFE3AF1D3" bold="true" box="[445,463,2001,2025]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">C</emphasis>
|
||
) views.
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE7FFFAFD95F86BFDB4F1D3" bold="true" box="[552,577,2001,2025]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">D.</emphasis>
|
||
Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE7FFFAFB93F86BFBB3F1D3" bold="true" box="[1070,1094,2001,2025]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">E.</emphasis>
|
||
Tegmina, dorsal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE7FFFAFA8AF86BFABFF1D3" bold="true" box="[1335,1354,2001,2025]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">F.</emphasis>
|
||
Labels.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFE6FFFBFF2AFF2DFD75F695" blockId="51.[151,640,151,175]" box="[151,640,151,175]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
Scale bars =
|
||
<quantity id="4CE49B59FFE6FFFBFEA7FF2DFE96F694" box="[282,355,151,175]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
|
||
, unless otherwise indicated.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF636634FFE6FFFBFF2AFBBAFBC0F2BE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399632" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6399632" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399632/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" startId="51.[151,250,1024,1048]" targetBox="[177,1409,199,1001]" targetPageId="51">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFE6FFFBFF2AFBBAFBC0F2BE" blockId="51.[151,1437,1024,1157]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE6FFFBFF2AFBBAFEEAF223" bold="true" box="[151,287,1024,1049]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">FIGURE 36.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFE6FFFBFE99FBBBFD1EF223" authority="Chiquetto-Machado" authorityName="Chiquetto-Machado & Morales & Cancello" authorityYear="2022" box="[292,747,1025,1049]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinicauda" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE6FFFBFE99FBBBFDEFF223" box="[292,538,1025,1049]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Paraphasma spinicauda</emphasis>
|
||
Chiquetto-Machado
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE6FFFBFD4DFBBBFCB5F223" bold="true" box="[752,832,1025,1049]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25B57D5FFE6FFFBFD4DFBBBFCB5F223" box="[752,832,1025,1049]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, male terminalia.
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE6FFFBFC49FBBAFBD9F222" bold="true" box="[1012,1068,1024,1048]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">A–D.</emphasis>
|
||
Terminalia in dorsal (
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE6FFFBFAB4FBBAFAEEF222" bold="true" box="[1289,1307,1024,1048]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">A</emphasis>
|
||
), lateral (
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE6FFFBFAC0FBBBFA7BF223" bold="true" box="[1405,1422,1025,1049]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">B</emphasis>
|
||
), ventral (
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE6FFFBFF53FB9EFEF5F206" bold="true" box="[238,256,1060,1084]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">C</emphasis>
|
||
) and oblique caudal (
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE6FFFBFE5FFB9FFE01F207" bold="true" box="[482,500,1061,1085]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">D</emphasis>
|
||
) views.
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE6FFFBFDF0FB9FFD91F207" bold="true" box="[589,612,1061,1085]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">E.</emphasis>
|
||
Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = spiniform projection on the posterolateral region of tergite X. Scale bars = 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFE6FFFBFF7AFB09FECBF09B" blockId="51.[151,1437,1202,2021]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE6FFFBFF7AFB09FD6BF2F6" bold="true" box="[199,670,1202,1229]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
Description of female. Color (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE6FFFBFD88FB08FD7AF2F6" box="[565,655,1202,1228]" captionStart="FIGURE 38" captionStartId="53.[151,250,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[183,1404,181,1874]" captionTargetId="figure-22@53.[183,1404,181,1876]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURE 38. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., female, paratype (NHM 012502931). A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. E. Labels. F–H. Terminalia, dorsal (F), lateral (G) and ventral (H) views. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; PO, praeopercular organ; SP, subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X. Scale bars = 10 mm, unless otherwise indicated." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399638" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399638/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fig. 38</figureCitation>
|
||
):
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
As in male.
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE6FFFBFC87FB09FBDEF2F6" bold="true" box="[826,1067,1202,1229]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
Head (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE6FFFBFC31FB08FBEBF2F6" box="[908,1054,1202,1228]" captionStart="FIGURE 38" captionStartId="53.[151,250,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[183,1404,181,1874]" captionTargetId="figure-22@53.[183,1404,181,1876]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURE 38. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., female, paratype (NHM 012502931). A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. E. Labels. F–H. Terminalia, dorsal (F), lateral (G) and ventral (H) views. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; PO, praeopercular organ; SP, subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X. Scale bars = 10 mm, unless otherwise indicated." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399638" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399638/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fig. 38A–D</figureCitation>
|
||
):
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
As in male, but slightly longer than wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE6FFFBFEA4FB6DFDD7F2CA" bold="true" box="[281,546,1238,1265]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
Thorax (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE6FFFBFE39FB6CFDE0F2CA" box="[388,533,1238,1264]" captionStart="FIGURE 38" captionStartId="53.[151,250,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[183,1404,181,1874]" captionTargetId="figure-22@53.[183,1404,181,1876]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURE 38. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., female, paratype (NHM 012502931). A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. E. Labels. F–H. Terminalia, dorsal (F), lateral (G) and ventral (H) views. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; PO, praeopercular organ; SP, subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X. Scale bars = 10 mm, unless otherwise indicated." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399638" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399638/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fig. 38A–D</figureCitation>
|
||
):
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
As in male except for the following proportions: prothorax as long as head; metathorax 3–3.5x longer than median segment; metathorax and median segment combined 2–2.5x longer than mesothorax.
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE6FFFBFE96FAA5FDDDF302" bold="true" box="[299,552,1310,1337]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
Wings (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE6FFFBFE37FAA4FDEEF302" box="[394,539,1310,1336]" captionStart="FIGURE 38" captionStartId="53.[151,250,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[183,1404,181,1874]" captionTargetId="figure-22@53.[183,1404,181,1876]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURE 38. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., female, paratype (NHM 012502931). A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. E. Labels. F–H. Terminalia, dorsal (F), lateral (G) and ventral (H) views. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; PO, praeopercular organ; SP, subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X. Scale bars = 10 mm, unless otherwise indicated." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399638" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399638/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fig. 38A–D</figureCitation>
|
||
):
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
As in male, but hindwing reaching abdominal tergite VIII.
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE6FFFBFB5BFAA5FECDF366" bold="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
Abdomen (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE6FFFBFAD0FAA4FEDEF366" captionStart="FIGURE 38" captionStartId="53.[151,250,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[183,1404,181,1874]" captionTargetId="figure-22@53.[183,1404,181,1876]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURE 38. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., female, paratype (NHM 012502931). A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. E. Labels. F–H. Terminalia, dorsal (F), lateral (G) and ventral (H) views. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; PO, praeopercular organ; SP, subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X. Scale bars = 10 mm, unless otherwise indicated." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399638" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399638/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fig. 38A–C,F–H</figureCitation>
|
||
):
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Approximately 1.8x longer than the combined length of head, thorax and median segment; dorsally and ventrally smooth, but tergite X gently carinate longitudinally. Segments II and III the longest; then gradually shortening from III to VII. Tergites VIII–X (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE6FFFBFD3BFA31FCF5F39F" box="[646,768,1419,1445]" captionStart="FIGURE 38" captionStartId="53.[151,250,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[183,1404,181,1874]" captionTargetId="figure-22@53.[183,1404,181,1876]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURE 38. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., female, paratype (NHM 012502931). A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. E. Labels. F–H. Terminalia, dorsal (F), lateral (G) and ventral (H) views. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; PO, praeopercular organ; SP, subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X. Scale bars = 10 mm, unless otherwise indicated." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399638" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399638/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fig. 38F,G</figureCitation>
|
||
) distinctly shorter and slightly narrower than II–VII; tergite IX slightly shorter than VIII and about 1.3x longer than X. Tergite X slightly longer than wide; tectiform; posterior margin slightly emarginate. Cerci (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE6FFFBFD96FA69FD47F3D7" box="[555,690,1491,1517]" captionStart="FIGURE 38" captionStartId="53.[151,250,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[183,1404,181,1874]" captionTargetId="figure-22@53.[183,1404,181,1876]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURE 38. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., female, paratype (NHM 012502931). A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. E. Labels. F–H. Terminalia, dorsal (F), lateral (G) and ventral (H) views. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; PO, praeopercular organ; SP, subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X. Scale bars = 10 mm, unless otherwise indicated." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399638" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399638/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fig. 38F–H</figureCitation>
|
||
) short, about as long as tergite X; straight and cylindrical; apex blunt. Epiproct rounded; hardly visible under tergite X. Sternite VII with straight posterior margin and bearing conspicuous praeopercular organ (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE6FFFBFD99F9A1FD5EF00F" box="[548,683,1563,1589]" captionStart="FIGURE 38" captionStartId="53.[151,250,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[183,1404,181,1874]" captionTargetId="figure-22@53.[183,1404,181,1876]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURE 38. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., female, paratype (NHM 012502931). A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. E. Labels. F–H. Terminalia, dorsal (F), lateral (G) and ventral (H) views. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; PO, praeopercular organ; SP, subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X. Scale bars = 10 mm, unless otherwise indicated." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399638" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399638/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fig. 38G,H</figureCitation>
|
||
), developed into a strongly pronounced, shiny bulge, sometimes surpassing posterior margin of sternite VII. Subgenital plate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE6FFFBFCD8F985FC1EF063" box="[869,1003,1599,1625]" captionStart="FIGURE 38" captionStartId="53.[151,250,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[183,1404,181,1874]" captionTargetId="figure-22@53.[183,1404,181,1876]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURE 38. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., female, paratype (NHM 012502931). A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. E. Labels. F–H. Terminalia, dorsal (F), lateral (G) and ventral (H) views. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; PO, praeopercular organ; SP, subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X. Scale bars = 10 mm, unless otherwise indicated." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399638" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399638/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fig. 38G,H</figureCitation>
|
||
) lanceolate, extending until posterior margin of tergite X; apex somewhat sharp; inner face longitudinally carinate. Cerci, tergite X and subgenital plate densely pilose.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFE6FFFBFF7AF911FA69F1DF" blockId="51.[151,1437,1202,2021]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE6FFFBFF7AF911FDE6F0FE" bold="true" box="[199,531,1706,1733]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
Description of egg (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE6FFFBFE0DF910FDF3F0FE" box="[432,518,1706,1732]" captionStart="FIGURE 39" captionStartId="54.[151,250,1053,1077]" captionTargetBox="[227,1360,183,1025]" captionTargetId="figure-27@54.[227,1361,181,1029]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="FIGURE 39. Paraphasma spinicauda Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., egg. Dorsal (A), lateral (B) and anterodorsal (C) views. Abbreviations: Ca, capsule; Op, operculum; MP, micropylar plate. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399642" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399642/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fig. 39</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Capsule elongate, sightly higher than wide; higher and wider on median region, narrowing towards operculum and polar area; almost flat on polar area. Capsule with a pair of parallel stripes of thick bristles extending from opercular collar to polar area, touching sides of micropylar plate; a similar pair of stripes extending along ventral face of capsule, but merging into a single stripe before reaching polar area; areas around operculum and polar area bearing bristles of the same
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A7881EFFE6FFFBFC82F881FC86F16F" box="[831,883,1851,1877]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">type</typeStatus>
|
||
; other regions of capsule with few, sparse bristles. Operculum oval, slightly higher than wide, with two concentric circles of bristles; outer circle formed by long, thick bristles; inner one formed by approximately 10 minute bristles. Micropylar plate elongate, smooth, positioned medially on capsule. Median line hardly visible. Internal micropylar plate not examined. Egg mostly dark brown; dorsal and ventral stripes of bristles light brown.
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE6FFFBFD7FF871FBE5F1DE" bold="true" box="[706,1040,1994,2021]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
Measurements (mm,
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE6FFFBFC7DF871FC25F1DF" bold="true" box="[960,976,1995,2021]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 1):
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
capsule length, 3.4; capsule width,
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFE1FFFCFF2AFF2CFEFAF6EF" blockId="52.[151,1437,150,393]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">1.5; capsule height, 1.6; operculum width, 1.0; operculum height, 1.2; micropylar plate length, 0.9; micropylar plate width, 0.4.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3066537FFE1FFFCFF7AFF64FE27F7B3" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFE1FFFCFF7AFF64FCC2F77B" blockId="52.[151,1437,150,393]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE1FFFCFF7AFF64FD89F6C2" bold="true" box="[199,636,222,249]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
Distribution (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE1FFFCFED1FF64FE40F6C2" box="[364,437,222,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1433,1457]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,184,1406]" captionTargetId="figure-22@9.[151,1435,181,1409]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 1. Distribution map of Paraphasma. Circles indicate records based on material examined; triangles indicate records from the literature (Stoll 1787; Serville 1839; Chopard 1911; Conle et al. 2011; Jourdan et al. 2014); stars indicate records of undetermined Paraphasma species based on Rehn (1906) and Piza (1939) (although these authors identified the specimens, the identifications are doubtful or insufficient)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399542" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399542/files/figure.png" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
: purple circles).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFE1FFFCFD3BFF65FC6FF6C3" authority="Chiquetto-Machado & Morales & Cancello, 2022" authorityName="Chiquetto-Machado & Morales & Cancello" authorityYear="2022" box="[646,922,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinicauda" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE1FFFCFD3BFF65FC6FF6C3" box="[646,922,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Paraphasma spinicauda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE1FFFCFC18FF65FBF4F6C3" bold="true" box="[933,1025,223,249]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25B57D5FFE1FFFCFC18FF65FBF4F6C3" box="[933,1025,223,249]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is known only from two localities: the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A7881EFFE1FFFCFF7EFEB9FF06F727" box="[195,243,259,285]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality, which probably refers to the Coca River, in the Ecuadorian Amazon, and a locality in western Amazonas state,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30B762CFFE1FFFCFEEBFE9DFE68F77B" box="[342,413,295,321]" name="Brazil" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, near the city of Benjamin Constant.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFE1FFFCFF7AFEF0FE27F7B3" blockId="52.[151,1437,150,393]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B743CE1FFE1FFFCFF7AFEF0FE3EF7B3" country="Ecuador" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-egg="1" stateProvince="Napo">
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE1FFFCFF7AFEF0FCECF75F" bold="true" box="[199,793,330,357]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
Additional material examined.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30B762CFFE1FFFCFD8BFEF0FD33F75E" box="[566,710,330,356]" name="Ecuador" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D8F85EFFE1FFFCFD6DFEF1FCE1F75F" box="[720,788,331,357]" country="Ecuador" name="Napo" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Napo</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1AFD35FFE1FFFCFCA3FEF1FCA8F75F" box="[798,861,331,357]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="egg">1 egg</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE1FFFCFCDAFEF1FE3EF7B3" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">same data as paratype NHM 012502931 (extracted from the female terminalia)</emphasis>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |