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<mods:title id="37BC46FCAFE28D90BA76A4C6BD399868">A taxonomic study of the Brazilian turtle ants (Formicidae: Myrmicinae: Cephalotes)</mods:title>
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<treatment id="038587E5FFD7FFE4FFDFFF0BD764FC64" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5512327" ID-GBIF-Taxon="187975361" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5512327" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038587E5FFD7FFE4FFDFFF0BD764FC64" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038587E5FFD7FFE4FFDFFF0BD764FC64" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<subSubSection id="C3366578FFD7FFE3FFDFFF0BD524FF07" box="[83,338,154,173]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B9336F3FFD7FFE3FFDFFF0BD524FF07" blockId="35.[82,757,154,1039]" box="[83,338,154,173]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<heading id="D0DB819FFFD7FFE3FFDFFF0BD524FF07" bold="true" box="[83,338,154,173]" fontSize="8" level="1" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" reason="6">
<emphasis id="B958EAE1FFD7FFE3FFDFFF0BD524FF07" bold="true" box="[83,338,154,173]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
The
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FFF2FF0BD4B6FF07" ID-CoL="69K4K" baseAuthorityName="Guerin-Meneville" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[126,192,154,173]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pinelii">pinelii</taxonomicName>
species group
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3366578FFD7FFE3FFDFFF27D653FC29" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9336F3FFD7FFE3FFDFFF27D5C9FF63" blockId="35.[82,757,154,1039]" box="[83,447,182,201]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
(
<figureCitation id="13172A76FFD7FFE3FFD7FF27D4D0FF63" box="[91,166,182,201]" captionStart="Figure 40" captionStartId="35.[83,136,1967,1984]" captionTargetBox="[323,1234,1228,1950]" captionTargetId="figure-715@35.[323,1234,1228,1950]" captionText="Figure 40 Workers of pinelii group.A: C. maculatus. B and I: C. pinelii. C: C.mariadeandrade. D, F and H: C. nilpiei. E:C.incertus. G: C. liepini." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5512341" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5512341/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Figs. 40</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13172A76FFD7FFE3FF23FF27D4B0FF63" box="[175,198,182,201]" captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="36.[113,166,1967,1984]" captionTargetBox="[215,1404,1015,1950]" captionTargetId="figure-503@36.[215,1404,1015,1950]" captionText="Figure 41 Soldiers of pinelii group. A: C.liepini. B: C.pinelii. C, D and H: C.maculatus [C: CASENT0173689].E, G and I: C.nilpiei. F: C. incertus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5512345" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5512345/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">41</figureCitation>
, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9336F3FFD7FFE3FFF5FF43D5D5FE02" blockId="35.[82,757,154,1039]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FFF5FF43D4A8FF4F" baseAuthorityName="Guerin-Meneville" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[121,222,210,229]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pinelii">Thepinelii</taxonomicName>
group was first proposed byKempf (1952), including six species (
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FF29FF7FD579FEAB" baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[165,271,238,257]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="foliaceus">C. foliaceus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FE94FF7FD5D2FEAB" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[280,420,238,257]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandinosus">C. grandinosus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FE21FF7FD667FEAB" baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[429,529,238,257]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incertus">C.incertus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FD96FF7FD6E5FEAB" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1876" box="[538,659,238,257]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatus">C. maculatus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FD10FF7FD699FEAB" baseAuthorityName="Guerin-Meneville" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[668,751,238,257]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pinelii">C.pinelii</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FFF6FE9BD487FEB6" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[122,241,265,285]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scutulatus">C.scutulatus</taxonomicName>
). Later,De Andradeand Baroni Urbani (1999) separated it in two groups,
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FF79FEB4D51BFE92" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[245,365,293,312]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandinosus">grandinosus</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FE17FEB4D5AFFE92" baseAuthorityName="Guerin-Meneville" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[411,473,293,312]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pinelii">pinelii</taxonomicName>
. The species
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FDD4FEB7D6B3FE92" baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[600,709,293,313]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="foliaceus">C. foliaceus</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FFDFFED3D497FEFE" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[83,225,321,341]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandinosus">C. grandinosus</taxonomicName>
were included in the
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FE3DFED0D65FFEFE" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[433,553,321,340]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandinosus">grandinosus</taxonomicName>
group, and the other four species in
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FF6DFECCD534FEDA" baseAuthorityName="Guerin-Meneville" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[225,322,349,368]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pinelii">thepinelii</taxonomicName>
group, along with
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FE78FECFD612FEDA" authorityName="Snelling" authorityYear="1999" box="[500,612,349,369]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kukulcan">C.kukulcan</taxonomicName>
andthree new species described by De Andrade in De Andrade and Baroni Urbani (
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FFD7FE04D4C6FE02" authorityName="De Andrade" authorityYear="1999" box="[91,176,405,424]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="liepini">C. liepini</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FF37FE04D566FE02" authorityName="De Andrade" authorityYear="1999" box="[187,272,405,424]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pileini">C. pileini</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FECCFE04D5E3FE02" authorityName="De Andrade" authorityYear="1999" box="[320,405,405,424]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nilpiei">C. nilpiei</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9336F3FFD7FFE3FFF5FE23D653FC29" blockId="35.[82,757,154,1039]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
In the morphological phylogeny (De Andrade and Baroni Urbani, 1999, see their
<figureCitation id="13172A76FFD7FFE3FF6EFE5CD557FE4A" box="[226,289,461,480]" captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="23.[83,136,1695,1712]" captionTargetBox="[93,737,1092,1669]" captionTargetId="figure-711@23.[80,758,1076,1672]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 24 Distribution map of coffeae group in Brazil.Black circle:material examined. Red square: new record." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5512293" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5512293/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
), the
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FEDAFE5FD5A7FE4A" baseAuthorityName="Guerin-Meneville" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[342,465,461,481]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pinelii">grouppinelii</taxonomicName>
isrecovered as monophyletic, with the species
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FF77FE78D51AFE56" authorityName="Snelling" authorityYear="1999" box="[251,364,489,508]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kukulcan">C. kukulcan</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FEF4FE78D583FE56" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[376,501,489,508]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scutulatus">C. scutulatus</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FDABFE78D6F9FE56" baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[551,655,489,508]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incertus">C. incertus</taxonomicName>
forming a deeply nested grouping within the clade. In the molecular phylogeny (Priceet al., 2016, see their
<figureCitation id="13172A76FFD7FFE3FECAFDB0D5F6FD9E" box="[326,384,545,564]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[113,166,1905,1922]" captionTargetBox="[264,1353,1048,1889]" captionTargetId="figure-111@6.[264,1353,1048,1889]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3 Soldiers of Cephalotes. A: C. decoloratus (pallens group) [CASENT0909299]. B: C. angustus (angustus group) [CASENT0909276]. C: C. basalis (basalis group). D and I: C. minutus (pusillus group) [CASENT0173691]. E: C. quadratus (fiebrigi group) [CASENT0173705]. F and P: C. umbraculatus (umbraculatus group) [CASENT0922582]. G and O: C. targionii (angustus group) [CASENT0173708]. H: C. nilpiei (pinelii group). J: C. borgmeieri (depressus group) [CASENT0173664]. K: C. grandinosus (grandinosus group). L: C.pinelii (pinelii group). M: C. jheringi (fiebrigi group). N: C.clypeatus (clypeatus group) [CASENT0173669]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5512226" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5512226/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig.S3</figureCitation>
), the relationshipsbetween
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FD0FFDB0D698FD9E" authorityName="Snelling" authorityYear="1999" box="[643,750,545,564]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kukulcan">C.kukulcan</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FFDFFDACD4B8FDFA" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[83,206,573,592]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scutulatus">C. scutulatus</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FF77FDACD517FDFA" baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[251,353,573,592]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incertus">C. incertus</taxonomicName>
were supported, but they were recovered as sister group of the texanus and bimaculatus groups, not related with the other species of the
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FEFAFDE4D5C2FD22" baseAuthorityName="Guerin-Meneville" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[374,436,629,648]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pinelii">pinelii</taxonomicName>
group. The remaining species of the
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FFF5FD00D4C1FD0E" baseAuthorityName="Guerin-Meneville" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[121,183,657,676]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pinelii">pinelii</taxonomicName>
group were recovered as related to the
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FDB1FD00D6C3FD0E" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[573,693,657,676]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandinosus">grandinosus</taxonomicName>
group (
<figureCitation id="13172A76FFD7FFE3FFD7FD3CD4E8FD6A" box="[91,158,685,704]" captionStart="Figure54" captionStartId="45.[82,133,1642,1659]" captionTargetBox="[84,1473,151,1624]" captionTargetId="figure-167@45.[83,1473,151,1625]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="Figure54 Themaximum cladecredibility treefrom phylogenetic analysesperformed byPriceet al.(2016) basedonmorphologicalandmoleculardata.The tree has beentrimmedtoinclude onlythose species knownfromBrazil.Thelabelsforthespecies groupsfollowour proposals,including thesynonymies,andtheprevious namesforthesynonymized groupsareshown ingrey." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5512379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5512379/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 54</figureCitation>
), rendering the
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FEC8FD3CD5F5FD6A" baseAuthorityName="Guerin-Meneville" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[324,387,685,704]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pinelii">pinelii</taxonomicName>
group proposed by De Andrade and Baroni Urbani (1999) polyphyletic. Morphology and molecular data suggest that
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FF5CFD74D534FD52" authorityName="Snelling" authorityYear="1999" box="[208,322,741,760]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kukulcan">C. kukulcan</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FEC1FD74D5BFFD52" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[333,457,741,760]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scutulatus">C. scutulatus</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FE76FD74D617FD52" baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[506,609,741,760]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incertus">C. incertus</taxonomicName>
might form an additional group within
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FEC7FC90D5C1FCBE" baseAuthorityName="Fuster" baseAuthorityYear="2012" box="[331,439,769,788]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cephalotes</taxonomicName>
, but the first two species were not included in this study, since they not occur in
<collectingCountry id="F33B7663FFD7FFE3FDBBFC8CD607FC9A" box="[567,625,797,816]" name="Brazil" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Brazil</collectingCountry>
. On the other hand, the species of
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FE94FCA9D520FCE1" baseAuthorityName="Guerin-Meneville" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[280,342,824,843]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pinelii">pinelii</taxonomicName>
that occur in
<collectingCountry id="F33B7663FFD7FFE3FE50FCA9D662FCE1" box="[476,532,824,843]" name="Brazil" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Brazil</collectingCountry>
and are closely related to the
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FF1CFCC5D57EFCCD" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[144,264,852,871]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandinosus">grandinosus</taxonomicName>
group likely form a monophyletic group with it, as discussed under the
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FE90FCE1D5E2FC29" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[284,404,880,899]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandinosus">grandinosus</taxonomicName>
group section.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3366578FFD7FFE3FFF5FC1DD5D4FBCA" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B9336F3FFD7FFE3FFF5FC1DD57AFBA5" blockId="35.[82,757,154,1039]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis id="B958EAE1FFD7FFE3FFF5FC1DD493FC35" bold="true" box="[121,229,908,927]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
In workers, body strongly flattened dorsoventrally. In dorsal view, dorsum of mesosoma continuous, with lamellar lateral expansions. In workers and soldiers, hind femora without crest, lamellae, or angles (
<figureCitation id="13172A76FFD7FFE3FE96FC71D520FC59" box="[282,342,992,1011]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[83,136,1881,1898]" captionTargetBox="[335,1222,538,1865]" captionTargetId="figure-152@5.[335,1222,538,1865]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 2 Workers of Cephalotes. A: C. atratus (atratus group) [CASENT0178627]. B: C. depressus (depressus group) [CASENT0173671]. C and F: C. pusillus (pusillus group) [CASENT0173703].D and I:C.pellans (pallens group) [CASENT0173697].E:C.solidus (solidus group).G:C.cordatus (depressus group) [CASENT0922596].H:C.frigidus (angustus group) [UFV-LABECOL-004442]. J: C. basalis (basalis group). K: C. grandinosus (grandinosus group) [CASENT0922544]. L: C. maculatus (pinelii group) [CASENT0909295]. M: C. trichophorus (coffeae group). N and R: C. conspersus (angustus group) [R: CASENT0922530]. O: C. clypeatus (clypeatus group) [CASENT0173669]. P: C. umbraculatus (umbraculatus group) [CASENT0922582]. Q: C. jheringi (fiebrigi group). fle: femoral lamellar expansions. ge: gastral expansions. pd: posterodorsal spine. ple: propodeal lamellar expansions. ps: propodeal spine. pv: posteroventral spine.vle: vertexal lamellar expansions." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5512224" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5512224/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 2l</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13172A76FFD7FFE3FEECFC71D505FC59" box="[352,371,992,1011]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[113,166,1905,1922]" captionTargetBox="[264,1353,1048,1889]" captionTargetId="figure-111@6.[264,1353,1048,1889]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3 Soldiers of Cephalotes. A: C. decoloratus (pallens group) [CASENT0909299]. B: C. angustus (angustus group) [CASENT0909276]. C: C. basalis (basalis group). D and I: C. minutus (pusillus group) [CASENT0173691]. E: C. quadratus (fiebrigi group) [CASENT0173705]. F and P: C. umbraculatus (umbraculatus group) [CASENT0922582]. G and O: C. targionii (angustus group) [CASENT0173708]. H: C. nilpiei (pinelii group). J: C. borgmeieri (depressus group) [CASENT0173664]. K: C. grandinosus (grandinosus group). L: C.pinelii (pinelii group). M: C. jheringi (fiebrigi group). N: C.clypeatus (clypeatus group) [CASENT0173669]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5512226" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5512226/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">3l</figureCitation>
). Petiole and postpetiole with lamellar lateral expansions.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9336F3FFD7FFE3FFDFFBDCD5D4FBCA" blockId="35.[83,611,1101,1204]" box="[83,418,1101,1120]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<heading id="D0DB819FFFD7FFE3FFDFFBDCD5D4FBCA" bold="true" box="[83,418,1101,1120]" fontSize="8" level="1" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" reason="6">
<emphasis id="B958EAE1FFD7FFE3FFDFFBDCD5D4FBCA" bold="true" box="[83,418,1101,1120]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
Brazilian species of
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FE91FBDCD529FBCA" baseAuthorityName="Guerin-Meneville" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[285,351,1101,1120]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pinelii">pinelii</taxonomicName>
group
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3366578FFD7FFE3FFF5FBF8D169FE1A" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B9336F3FFD7FFE3FFF5FBF8D5A0FBD6" blockId="35.[83,611,1101,1204]" box="[121,470,1129,1148]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<heading id="D0DB819FFFD7FFE3FFF5FBF8D5A0FBD6" bold="true" box="[121,470,1129,1148]" fontSize="8" level="1" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" reason="6">
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FFF5FBF8D5A0FBD6" authority="(Emery, 1906)" baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[121,470,1129,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incertus">
<emphasis id="B958EAE1FFD7FFE3FFF5FBF8D5A0FBD6" bold="true" box="[121,470,1129,1148]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Cephalotes incertus (Emery, 1906)</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9336F3FFD7FFE3FF3FFB14D615FB32" blockId="35.[83,611,1101,1204]" box="[179,611,1157,1176]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
Obsolete combination: Cryptocerus
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FD9FFB14D615FB32" baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[531,611,1157,1176]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incertus">incertus</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9336F3FFD7FFE3FFF5FB30D59FFB1E" blockId="35.[83,611,1101,1204]" box="[121,489,1185,1204]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FFF5FB30D59FFB1E" authority="De Andrade, 1999" authorityName="De Andrade" authorityYear="1999" box="[121,489,1185,1204]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="liepini">
<emphasis id="B958EAE1FFD7FFE3FFF5FB30D59FFB1E" bold="true" box="[121,489,1185,1204]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
Cephalotes liepini De
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD4B02FFD7FFE3FEDBFB30D59FFB1E" author="Andrade, M. L. &amp; Baroni-Urbani, C." box="[343,489,1185,1204]" journalOrPublisher="Stuttgarter Beitr. Naturkunde." pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="1 - 889" part="271" refId="ref42003" refString="13. Andrade, M. L., Baroni-Urbani, C., 1999. Diversity and adaptation in the ant genus Cephalotes, Past and Present. Stuttgarter Beitr. Naturkunde. Ser. B 271, 1 - 889. [Geologie und Palaontologie]" title="Diversity and adaptation in the ant genus Cephalotes, Past and Present" type="journal article" year="1999">Andrade, 1999</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9336F3FFD7FFE3FCCBFF0BD0C3FF07" blockId="35.[839,1476,154,432]" box="[839,1205,154,173]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<heading id="D0DB819FFFD7FFE3FCCBFF0BD0C3FF07" bold="true" box="[839,1205,154,173]" fontSize="8" level="1" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" reason="6">
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FCCBFF0BD0C3FF07" authority="(Smith, 1876)" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1876" box="[839,1205,154,173]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatus">
<emphasis id="B958EAE1FFD7FFE3FCCBFF0BD0C3FF07" bold="true" box="[839,1205,154,173]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Cephalotes maculatus (Smith, 1876)</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9336F3FFD7FFE3FC0DFF27D131FF63" blockId="35.[839,1476,154,432]" box="[897,1351,182,202]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
Obsolete combination: Cryptocerus
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FB6DFF27D131FF63" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1876" box="[1249,1351,182,201]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatus">maculatus</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9336F3FFD7FFE3FC0DFF45D15EFE8A" blockId="35.[839,1476,154,432]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
=
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FC1EFF42D1E5FF4C" authority="(Forel, 1899)" baseAuthorityName="Forel" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[914,1427,211,230]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandinosusmagdalenensis">Cephalotes grandinosusmagdalenensis (Forel, 1899)</taxonomicName>
Obsoletecombination:Cryptocerus
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FB4AFF61D1B2FEA9" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[1222,1476,240,259]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandinosus">grandinosusmagdalenensis</taxonomicName>
=
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FC1EFE9CD01FFE8A" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1876" box="[914,1129,269,288]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatus">Cephalotes maculatus</taxonomicName>
nanus (Forel, 1912)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9336F3FFD7FFE3FC0DFEBBD090FEF3" blockId="35.[839,1476,154,432]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
Obsolete combination: Cryptocerus
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FB6DFEBBD131FE97" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1876" box="[1249,1351,298,317]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatus">maculatus</taxonomicName>
nanus
<emphasis id="B958EAE1FFD7FFE3FCCBFED7D090FEF3" bold="true" box="[839,1254,326,345]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FCCBFED7D011FEF3" authority="Oliveira &amp; Powell &amp; Feitosa, 2021" authorityName="Oliveira &amp; Powell &amp; Feitosa" authorityYear="2021" box="[839,1127,326,345]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mariadeandrade" status="sp. nov.">Cephalotes mariadeandrade</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26B579AFFD7FFE3FBE0FED7D090FEF3" box="[1132,1254,326,345]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9336F3FFD7FFE3FCCBFEF2D0C1FEDC" blockId="35.[839,1476,154,432]" box="[839,1207,355,374]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FCCBFEF2D0C1FEDC" authority="De Andrade, 1999" authorityName="De Andrade" authorityYear="1999" box="[839,1207,355,374]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nilpiei">
<emphasis id="B958EAE1FFD7FFE3FCCBFEF2D0C1FEDC" bold="true" box="[839,1207,355,374]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
Cephalotes nilpiei De
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD4B02FFD7FFE3FBA9FEF2D0C1FEDC" author="Andrade, M. L. &amp; Baroni-Urbani, C." box="[1061,1207,355,374]" journalOrPublisher="Stuttgarter Beitr. Naturkunde." pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="1 - 889" part="271" refId="ref42003" refString="13. Andrade, M. L., Baroni-Urbani, C., 1999. Diversity and adaptation in the ant genus Cephalotes, Past and Present. Stuttgarter Beitr. Naturkunde. Ser. B 271, 1 - 889. [Geologie und Palaontologie]" title="Diversity and adaptation in the ant genus Cephalotes, Past and Present" type="journal article" year="1999">Andrade, 1999</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9336F3FFD7FFE3FCCBFE11D175FE39" blockId="35.[839,1476,154,432]" box="[839,1283,383,403]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FCCBFE11D175FE39" authority="(Guerin-Meneville, 1844)" baseAuthorityName="Guerin-Meneville" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[839,1283,383,403]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pinelii">
<emphasis id="B958EAE1FFD7FFE3FCCBFE11D175FE39" bold="true" box="[839,1283,383,403]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Cephalotes pinelii (Guérin-Méneville, 1844)</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9336F3FFD7FFE3FC0DFE0CD169FE1A" blockId="35.[839,1476,154,432]" box="[897,1311,413,432]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
Obsolete combination: Cryptocerus
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FB6DFE0CD169FE1A" baseAuthorityName="Guerin-Meneville" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[1249,1311,413,432]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pinelii">pinelii</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3366578FFD7FFE3FCADFE7FD011FDB4" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="key">
<paragraph id="8B9336F3FFD7FFE3FCADFE7FD011FDB4" blockId="35.[799,1475,494,1204]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis id="B958EAE1FFD7FFE3FCADFE7FD011FDB4" bold="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
Key to the identification of Brazilian species of the
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FAA0FE7FD118FDAB" ID-CoL="69K4K" baseAuthorityName="Guerin-Meneville" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[1324,1390,494,513]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pinelii">pinelii</taxonomicName>
group of
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FCB0FD9AD7DAFDB4" ID-CoL="3KHW" baseAuthorityName="Fuster" baseAuthorityYear="2012" box="[828,940,523,542]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cephalotes</taxonomicName>
based on workers
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3366578FFD7FFE3FCADFDB9D7E3FD91" box="[801,917,552,571]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9336F3FFD7FFE3FCADFDB9D7E3FD91" blockId="35.[799,1475,494,1204]" box="[801,917,552,571]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
(
<figureCitation id="13172A76FFD7FFE3FCA5FDB9D705FD91" box="[809,883,552,571]" captionStart="Figure 40" captionStartId="35.[83,136,1967,1984]" captionTargetBox="[323,1234,1228,1950]" captionTargetId="figure-715@35.[323,1234,1228,1950]" captionText="Figure 40 Workers of pinelii group.A: C. maculatus. B and I: C. pinelii. C: C.mariadeandrade. D, F and H: C. nilpiei. E:C.incertus. G: C. liepini." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5512341" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5512341/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Figs. 40</figureCitation>
a-i)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3366578FFD7FFE3FCADFDD4D1B4FB1E" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="key">
<key id="FFBD61C2FFD7FFE3FCADFDD4D1B4FB1E" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<keyStep id="30D82E56FFD7FFE3FCADFDD4D1B4FD04" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<paragraph id="8B9336F3FFD7FFE3FCADFDD4D1B4FDDE" blockId="35.[799,1475,494,1204]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<keyLead id="30DD95C6FFD7FFE3FCADFDD4D1B4FDDE" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
1 Indorsalview, petiole andpostpetioleaslongasor longerthan wide (not including laterallamellar expansions) (
<figureCitation id="13172A76FFD7FFE3FB1DFDF0D0AEFDDF" box="[1169,1240,609,629]" captionStart="Figure 40" captionStartId="35.[83,136,1967,1984]" captionTargetBox="[323,1234,1228,1950]" captionTargetId="figure-715@35.[323,1234,1228,1950]" captionText="Figure 40 Workers of pinelii group.A: C. maculatus. B and I: C. pinelii. C: C.mariadeandrade. D, F and H: C. nilpiei. E:C.incertus. G: C. liepini." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5512341" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5512341/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig.40e</figureCitation>
).........................
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FAD6FDF0D1B4FDDE" ID-CoL="69K2Y" baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[1370,1474,609,628]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incertus">
<emphasis id="B958EAE1FFD7FFE3FAD6FDF0D1B4FDDE" bold="true" box="[1370,1474,609,628]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">C. incertus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9336F3FFD7FFE3FCADFDEFD1B4FD04" blockId="35.[799,1475,494,1204]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<keyLead id="30DD95C6FFD7FFE3FCADFDEFD1B4FD04" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
1 In dorsal view, petioleand postpetiole wider than long (not including laterallamellar expansions) (
<figureCitation id="13172A76FFD7FFE3FBBFFD0AD00AFD04" box="[1075,1148,667,686]" captionStart="Figure 40" captionStartId="35.[83,136,1967,1984]" captionTargetBox="[323,1234,1228,1950]" captionTargetId="figure-715@35.[323,1234,1228,1950]" captionText="Figure 40 Workers of pinelii group.A: C. maculatus. B and I: C. pinelii. C: C.mariadeandrade. D, F and H: C. nilpiei. E:C.incertus. G: C. liepini." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5512341" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5512341/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig.40d</figureCitation>
)...............................................................2
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30D82E56FFD7FFE3FCADFD29D1B4FC8B" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<paragraph id="8B9336F3FFD7FFE3FCADFD29D1B4FD4D" blockId="35.[799,1475,494,1204]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<keyLead id="30DD95C6FFD7FFE3FCADFD29D1B4FD4D" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
2 In dorsalview, anterior portion of the lamellar expansions of the gaster bent dorsally, not continuouswith thegastraltergite (
<figureCitation id="13172A76FFD7FFE3FB70FD45D137FD42" box="[1276,1345,724,744]" captionStart="Figure 40" captionStartId="35.[83,136,1967,1984]" captionTargetBox="[323,1234,1228,1950]" captionTargetId="figure-715@35.[323,1234,1228,1950]" captionText="Figure 40 Workers of pinelii group.A: C. maculatus. B and I: C. pinelii. C: C.mariadeandrade. D, F and H: C. nilpiei. E:C.incertus. G: C. liepini." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5512341" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5512341/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
Fig.
<quantity id="4CD49B16FFD7FFE3FA93FD44D137FD42" box="[1311,1345,725,744]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="4.0" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" unit="g" value="40.0">40g</quantity>
</figureCitation>
).........
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FAFCFD45D1B4FD4D" ID-CoL="5XK38" authorityName="De Andrade" authorityYear="1999" box="[1392,1474,724,743]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="liepini">
<emphasis id="B958EAE1FFD7FFE3FAFCFD45D1B4FD4D" bold="true" box="[1392,1474,724,743]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">C. liepini</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9336F3FFD7FFE3FCADFD60D1B4FC8B" blockId="35.[799,1475,494,1204]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<keyLead id="30DD95C6FFD7FFE3FCADFD60D1B4FC8B" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
2 Indorsal view, anterior portion of the lamellar expansions of the gaster flat, continuouswiththegastraltergite (
<figureCitation id="13172A76FFD7FFE3FB43FC9FD161FC8B" box="[1231,1303,782,801]" captionStart="Figure 40" captionStartId="35.[83,136,1967,1984]" captionTargetBox="[323,1234,1228,1950]" captionTargetId="figure-715@35.[323,1234,1228,1950]" captionText="Figure 40 Workers of pinelii group.A: C. maculatus. B and I: C. pinelii. C: C.mariadeandrade. D, F and H: C. nilpiei. E:C.incertus. G: C. liepini." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5512341" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5512341/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig.40h</figureCitation>
)................................3
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30D82E56FFD7FFE3FCADFCBAD1CBFC1B" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<paragraph id="8B9336F3FFD7FFE3FCADFCBAD1B4FCDD" blockId="35.[799,1475,494,1204]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<keyLead id="30DD95C6FFD7FFE3FCADFCBAD1B4FCDD" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
3 In dorsal view, lamellar expansionsof propodeum presentonly on the declivousface, absent dorsally (
<figureCitation id="13172A76FFD7FFE3FBC0FCD9D0E5FCF1" box="[1100,1171,840,859]" captionStart="Figure 40" captionStartId="35.[83,136,1967,1984]" captionTargetBox="[323,1234,1228,1950]" captionTargetId="figure-715@35.[323,1234,1228,1950]" captionText="Figure 40 Workers of pinelii group.A: C. maculatus. B and I: C. pinelii. C: C.mariadeandrade. D, F and H: C. nilpiei. E:C.incertus. G: C. liepini." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5512341" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5512341/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 40c</figureCitation>
)............................................................ .........................................................................
<emphasis id="B958EAE1FFD7FFE3FB05FCF5D1B4FCDD" bold="true" box="[1161,1474,868,887]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FB05FCF5D131FCDD" authority="Oliveira &amp; Powell &amp; Feitosa, 2021" authorityName="Oliveira &amp; Powell &amp; Feitosa" authorityYear="2021" box="[1161,1351,868,887]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mariadeandrade" status="sp. nov.">C. mariadeandrade</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26B579AFFD7FFE3FAC7FCF5D1B4FCDD" box="[1355,1474,868,887]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9336F3FFD7FFE3FCADFC10D1CBFC1B" blockId="35.[799,1475,494,1204]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<keyLead id="30DD95C6FFD7FFE3FCADFC10D1CBFC1B" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
3 Indorsal view, propodeumentirely marginatedby lamellarexpansions (
<figureCitation id="13172A76FFD7FFE3FCA5FC0FD7F6FC1B" box="[809,896,926,945]" captionStart="Figure 40" captionStartId="35.[83,136,1967,1984]" captionTargetBox="[323,1234,1228,1950]" captionTargetId="figure-715@35.[323,1234,1228,1950]" captionText="Figure 40 Workers of pinelii group.A: C. maculatus. B and I: C. pinelii. C: C.mariadeandrade. D, F and H: C. nilpiei. E:C.incertus. G: C. liepini." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5512341" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5512341/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 40f, i</figureCitation>
).................................................................................................................4
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</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30D82E56FFD7FFE3FCADFC2AD1C9FBEB" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<paragraph id="8B9336F3FFD7FFE3FCADFC2AD1C9FBAD" blockId="35.[799,1475,494,1204]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<keyLead id="30DD95C6FFD7FFE3FCADFC2AD1C9FBAD" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
4 In frontal view, frontal carinae concave anteriorly the eyes (
<figureCitation id="13172A76FFD7FFE3FAE0FC2AD1C0FC64" box="[1388,1462,955,974]" captionStart="Figure 40" captionStartId="35.[83,136,1967,1984]" captionTargetBox="[323,1234,1228,1950]" captionTargetId="figure-715@35.[323,1234,1228,1950]" captionText="Figure 40 Workers of pinelii group.A: C. maculatus. B and I: C. pinelii. C: C.mariadeandrade. D, F and H: C. nilpiei. E:C.incertus. G: C. liepini." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5512341" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5512341/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig.40a</figureCitation>
). In lateral view, eyes occupying 1/3 of the length of the head................. ...........................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FAB7FC65D1C9FBAD" ID-CoL="69JR8" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1876" box="[1339,1471,1012,1031]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatus">
<emphasis id="B958EAE1FFD7FFE3FAB7FC65D1C9FBAD" bold="true" box="[1339,1471,1012,1031]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">C. maculatus</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8B9336F3FFD7FFE3FCADFB80D1C9FBEB" blockId="35.[799,1475,494,1204]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<keyLead id="30DD95C6FFD7FFE3FCADFB80D1C9FBEB" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
4 In frontal view, frontal carinae straight anteriorly the eyes (
<figureCitation id="13172A76FFD7FFE3FAE7FB80D1C0FB8E" box="[1387,1462,1041,1060]" captionStart="Figure 40" captionStartId="35.[83,136,1967,1984]" captionTargetBox="[323,1234,1228,1950]" captionTargetId="figure-715@35.[323,1234,1228,1950]" captionText="Figure 40 Workers of pinelii group.A: C. maculatus. B and I: C. pinelii. C: C.mariadeandrade. D, F and H: C. nilpiei. E:C.incertus. G: C. liepini." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5512341" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5512341/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 40b</figureCitation>
). Inlateral view, eyesoccupyingless 1/3 of thelengthof thehead .........5
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<paragraph id="8B9336F3FFD7FFE3FCADFBDBD1B4FBD0" blockId="35.[799,1475,494,1204]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<keyLead id="30DD95C6FFD7FFE3FCADFBDBD1B4FBD0" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
5 In dorsal view, propodealgroove deep, forminga depression (
<figureCitation id="13172A76FFD7FFE3FAE5FBDBD1DAFBF7" box="[1385,1452,1098,1117]" captionStart="Figure 40" captionStartId="35.[83,136,1967,1984]" captionTargetBox="[323,1234,1228,1950]" captionTargetId="figure-715@35.[323,1234,1228,1950]" captionText="Figure 40 Workers of pinelii group.A: C. maculatus. B and I: C. pinelii. C: C.mariadeandrade. D, F and H: C. nilpiei. E:C.incertus. G: C. liepini." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5512341" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5512341/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig.40f</figureCitation>
)... .............................................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FAE2FBF6D1B4FBD0" ID-CoL="69K2V" authorityName="De Andrade" authorityYear="1999" box="[1390,1474,1127,1146]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nilpiei">
<emphasis id="B958EAE1FFD7FFE3FAE2FBF6D1B4FBD0" bold="true" box="[1390,1474,1127,1146]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">C. nilpiei</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9336F3FFD7FFE3FCADFB15D1B4FB1E" blockId="35.[799,1475,494,1204]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<keyLead id="30DD95C6FFD7FFE3FCADFB15D1B4FB1E" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
5 In dorsal view, propodeal groove weak, not forming a depression (
<figureCitation id="13172A76FFD7FFE3FCA5FB30D719FB1E" box="[809,879,1185,1204]" captionStart="Figure 40" captionStartId="35.[83,136,1967,1984]" captionTargetBox="[323,1234,1228,1950]" captionTargetId="figure-715@35.[323,1234,1228,1950]" captionText="Figure 40 Workers of pinelii group.A: C. maculatus. B and I: C. pinelii. C: C.mariadeandrade. D, F and H: C. nilpiei. E:C.incertus. G: C. liepini." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5512341" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5512341/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
Fig.
<date id="FF921033FFD7FFE3FCDCFB30D719FB1E" box="[848,879,1185,1204]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" value="1940-01">40i</date>
</figureCitation>
)....................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FAE0FB30D1B4FB1E" ID-CoL="69K4K" baseAuthorityName="Guerin-Meneville" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[1388,1474,1185,1204]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pinelii">
<emphasis id="B958EAE1FFD7FFE3FAE0FB30D1B4FB1E" bold="true" box="[1388,1474,1185,1204]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">C. pinelii</emphasis>
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</key>
</subSubSection>
<subSection id="E2A32F18FFD7FFE3FFDFF83ED0D9F86A" box="[83,1199,1967,1984]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="8B9336F3FFD7FFE3FFDFF83ED0D9F86A" blockId="35.[83,1199,1967,1984]" box="[83,1199,1967,1984]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis id="B958EAE1FFD7FFE3FFDFF83ED4D6F86A" bold="true" box="[83,160,1967,1984]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
Figure
<specimenCount id="9D2AFD7AFFD7FFE3FF00F83ED4D6F86A" box="[140,160,1967,1984]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="worker">40</specimenCount>
</emphasis>
Workers of
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FE8DF83ED542F86A" baseAuthorityName="Guerin-Meneville" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[257,308,1967,1984]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pinelii">pinelii</taxonomicName>
group.A:
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FE09F83ED59DF86A" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1876" box="[389,491,1967,1984]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatus">C. maculatus</taxonomicName>
. B and I:
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FDB8F83ED60CF86A" baseAuthorityName="Guerin-Meneville" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[564,634,1967,1984]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pinelii">C. pinelii</taxonomicName>
. C:
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FD1BF83ED75AF86A" authorityName="Oliveira &amp; Powell &amp; Feitosa" authorityYear="2021" box="[663,812,1967,1984]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mariadeandrade">C.mariadeandrade</taxonomicName>
. D, F and H:
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FC1CF83ED7A0F86A" authorityName="De Andrade" authorityYear="1999" box="[912,982,1967,1984]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nilpiei">C. nilpiei</taxonomicName>
. E:
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FC7EF83ED030F86A" baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[1010,1094,1967,1984]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incertus">C.incertus</taxonomicName>
. G:
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD7FFE3FBE9F83ED0DDF86A" authorityName="De Andrade" authorityYear="1999" box="[1125,1195,1967,1984]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="liepini">C. liepini</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
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<subSubSection id="C3366578FFD0FFE4FFFDFF0BD764FC64" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="key">
<paragraph id="8B9336F3FFD0FFE4FFFDFF0BD5C2FF79" blockId="36.[113,769,154,173]" lastBlockId="36.[113,436,192,211]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="B958EAE1FFD0FFE4FFFDFF0BD5C2FF79" bold="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
Key to the identification of Brazilian species of the
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD0FFE4FDF1FF0BD6C9FF07" ID-CoL="69K4K" baseAuthorityName="Guerin-Meneville" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[637,703,154,173]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pinelii">pinelii</taxonomicName>
group
<heading id="D0DB819FFFD0FFE4FFFDFF51D5C2FF79" bold="true" box="[113,436,192,211]" fontSize="8" level="1" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" reason="2">
of
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD0FFE4FF00FF51D48AFF79" ID-CoL="3KHW" baseAuthorityName="Fuster" baseAuthorityYear="2012" box="[140,252,192,211]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cephalotes</taxonomicName>
based on soldiers
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</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9336F3FFD0FFE4FFFDFF77D570FF53" blockId="36.[113,262,230,249]" box="[113,262,230,249]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
(
<figureCitation id="13172A76FFD0FFE4FFF5FF77D4B4FF53" box="[121,194,230,249]" captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="36.[113,166,1967,1984]" captionTargetBox="[215,1404,1015,1950]" captionTargetId="figure-503@36.[215,1404,1015,1950]" captionText="Figure 41 Soldiers of pinelii group. A: C.liepini. B: C.pinelii. C, D and H: C.maculatus [C: CASENT0173689].E, G and I: C.nilpiei. F: C. incertus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5512345" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5512345/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Figs. 41</figureCitation>
a-i, 43)
</paragraph>
<key id="FFBD61C2FFD0FFE4FFFDFE9DD764FC64" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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1 Cephalic disc full of many tubercular elevations (
<figureCitation id="13172A76FFD0FFE4FDECFE9DD6D6FEB5" box="[608,672,268,287]" captionStart="Figure 43" captionStartId="37.[802,855,1947,1964]" captionTargetBox="[796,1475,1393,1931]" captionTargetId="figure-730@37.[801,1475,1393,1931]" captionText="Figure 43 Soldier of Cephalotes mariadeandrade. A: frontal view. B: lateral view. C: dorsal view. Brazil: MG, Uberlândia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5512355" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5512355/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 43</figureCitation>
).................... .......................................................................
<emphasis id="B958EAE1FFD0FFE4FE59FEA3D764FEEF" bold="true" box="[469,786,306,325]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD0FFE4FE59FEA3D6E3FEEF" authority="Oliveira &amp; Powell &amp; Feitosa, 2021" authorityName="Oliveira &amp; Powell &amp; Feitosa" authorityYear="2021" box="[469,661,306,325]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mariadeandrade" status="sp. nov.">C. mariadeandrade</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26B579AFFD0FFE4FD15FEA3D764FEEF" box="[665,786,306,325]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<paragraph id="8B9336F3FFD0FFE4FFFDFEC8D77BFEC6" blockId="36.[108,786,268,402]" box="[113,781,344,364]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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1 Cephalic disc without tubercular elevations (
<figureCitation id="13172A76FFD0FFE4FDB2FEC9D60AFEC6" box="[574,636,344,364]" captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="36.[113,166,1967,1984]" captionTargetBox="[215,1404,1015,1950]" captionTargetId="figure-503@36.[215,1404,1015,1950]" captionText="Figure 41 Soldiers of pinelii group. A: C.liepini. B: C.pinelii. C, D and H: C.maculatus [C: CASENT0173689].E, G and I: C.nilpiei. F: C. incertus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5512345" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5512345/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 41</figureCitation>
a-c).....................2
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<paragraph id="8B9336F3FFD0FFE4FFFDFEEED778FE3B" blockId="36.[108,786,268,402]" box="[113,782,382,402]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<keyLead id="30DD95C6FFD0FFE4FFFDFEEED778FE3B" box="[113,782,382,402]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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2 Cephalic disc with contiguous foveae (
<figureCitation id="13172A76FFD0FFE4FE76FEEED635FE38" box="[506,579,383,402]" captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="36.[113,166,1967,1984]" captionTargetBox="[215,1404,1015,1950]" captionTargetId="figure-503@36.[215,1404,1015,1950]" captionText="Figure 41 Soldiers of pinelii group. A: C.liepini. B: C.pinelii. C, D and H: C.maculatus [C: CASENT0173689].E, G and I: C.nilpiei. F: C. incertus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5512345" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5512345/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 41a</figureCitation>
) ....................
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD0FFE4FD39FEEFD778FE3B" ID-CoL="5XK38" authorityName="De Andrade" authorityYear="1999" box="[693,782,382,401]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="liepini">
<emphasis id="B958EAE1FFD0FFE4FD39FEEFD778FE3B" bold="true" box="[693,782,382,401]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">C. liepini</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9336F3FFD0FFE4FFFDFE34D778FE12" blockId="36.[113,782,421,440]" box="[113,782,421,440]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<keyLead id="30DD95C6FFD0FFE4FFFDFE34D778FE12" box="[113,782,421,440]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<keyStep id="30D82E56FFD0FFE4FFFDFE34D778FE12" box="[113,782,421,440]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
2 Cephalic disc with foveae separate by interspaces (
<figureCitation id="13172A76FFD0FFE4FDFBFE34D6A0FE12" box="[631,726,421,440]" captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="36.[113,166,1967,1984]" captionTargetBox="[215,1404,1015,1950]" captionTargetId="figure-503@36.[215,1404,1015,1950]" captionText="Figure 41 Soldiers of pinelii group. A: C.liepini. B: C.pinelii. C, D and H: C.maculatus [C: CASENT0173689].E, G and I: C.nilpiei. F: C. incertus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5512345" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5512345/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 41b, c</figureCitation>
).........3
</keyStep>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9336F3FFD0FFE4FFFDFE5AD764FDAE" blockId="36.[113,787,459,478]" lastBlockId="36.[112,786,497,593]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<keyLead id="30DD95C6FFD0FFE4FFFDFE5AD764FDAE" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<keyStep id="30D82E56FFD0FFE4FFFDFE5AD764FDAE" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
3 In frontalview, posterior portionof the head with acircular depression (
<figureCitation id="13172A76FFD0FFE4FFF5FE60D4B2FDAE" box="[121,196,497,516]" captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="36.[113,166,1967,1984]" captionTargetBox="[215,1404,1015,1950]" captionTargetId="figure-503@36.[215,1404,1015,1950]" captionText="Figure 41 Soldiers of pinelii group. A: C.liepini. B: C.pinelii. C, D and H: C.maculatus [C: CASENT0173689].E, G and I: C.nilpiei. F: C. incertus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5512345" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5512345/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 41b</figureCitation>
)......................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD0FFE4FD30FE60D764FDAE" ID-CoL="69K4K" baseAuthorityName="Guerin-Meneville" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[700,786,497,516]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pinelii">
<emphasis id="B958EAE1FFD0FFE4FD30FE60D764FDAE" bold="true" box="[700,786,497,516]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">C. pinelii</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9336F3FFD0FFE4FFFDFD86D767FDFA" blockId="36.[112,786,497,593]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<keyLead id="30DD95C6FFD0FFE4FFFDFD86D767FDFA" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<keyStep id="30D82E56FFD0FFE4FFFDFD86D767FDFA" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
3 In frontal view, posterior portion of head flat, without a depression (
<figureCitation id="13172A76FFD0FFE4FFF5FDACD4CBFDFB" box="[121,189,573,593]" captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="36.[113,166,1967,1984]" captionTargetBox="[215,1404,1015,1950]" captionTargetId="figure-503@36.[215,1404,1015,1950]" captionText="Figure 41 Soldiers of pinelii group. A: C.liepini. B: C.pinelii. C, D and H: C.maculatus [C: CASENT0173689].E, G and I: C.nilpiei. F: C. incertus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5512345" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5512345/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 41c</figureCitation>
)..........................................................................................................................4
</keyStep>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9336F3FFD0FFE4FFFDFDF5D764FD69" blockId="36.[113,786,612,631]" lastBlockId="36.[112,786,688,707]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<keyLead id="30DD95C6FFD0FFE4FFFDFDF5D764FD69" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<keyStep id="30D82E56FFD0FFE4FFFDFDF5D764FD69" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
4 Lateral expansions of pronotum with same color as the rest of the mesosoma (
<figureCitation id="13172A76FFD0FFE4FF6AFD1BD559FD37" box="[230,303,650,669]" captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="36.[113,166,1967,1984]" captionTargetBox="[215,1404,1015,1950]" captionTargetId="figure-503@36.[215,1404,1015,1950]" captionText="Figure 41 Soldiers of pinelii group. A: C.liepini. B: C.pinelii. C, D and H: C.maculatus [C: CASENT0173689].E, G and I: C.nilpiei. F: C. incertus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5512345" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5512345/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 41d</figureCitation>
). Dorsal face of propodeummeeting the declivous face at an angle of almost 90° (
<figureCitation id="13172A76FFD0FFE4FE12FD21D59FFD69" box="[414,489,688,707]" captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="36.[113,166,1967,1984]" captionTargetBox="[215,1404,1015,1950]" captionTargetId="figure-503@36.[215,1404,1015,1950]" captionText="Figure 41 Soldiers of pinelii group. A: C.liepini. B: C.pinelii. C, D and H: C.maculatus [C: CASENT0173689].E, G and I: C.nilpiei. F: C. incertus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5512345" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5512345/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 41h</figureCitation>
)..................................
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD0FFE4FD19FD21D764FD69" ID-CoL="69JR8" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1876" box="[661,786,688,707]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatus">
<emphasis id="B958EAE1FFD0FFE4FD19FD21D764FD69" bold="true" box="[661,786,688,707]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">C. maculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9336F3FFD0FFE4FFFDFD47D778FC9F" blockId="36.[113,785,726,745]" lastBlockId="36.[112,787,802,898]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<keyLead id="30DD95C6FFD0FFE4FFFDFD47D778FC9F" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<keyStep id="30D82E56FFD0FFE4FFFDFD47D778FC9F" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
4 Lateral expansionsof pronotum lighter than the restof the mesosoma (
<figureCitation id="13172A76FFD0FFE4FFF5FD6DD4B3FCA5" box="[121,197,764,783]" captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="36.[113,166,1967,1984]" captionTargetBox="[215,1404,1015,1950]" captionTargetId="figure-503@36.[215,1404,1015,1950]" captionText="Figure 41 Soldiers of pinelii group. A: C.liepini. B: C.pinelii. C, D and H: C.maculatus [C: CASENT0173689].E, G and I: C.nilpiei. F: C. incertus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5512345" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5512345/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 41e</figureCitation>
). Dorsal face of propodeum continuous with the declivous face, not meeting at a distinct propodeal angle (
<figureCitation id="13172A76FFD0FFE4FDCFFCB3D6FBFC9F" box="[579,653,802,821]" captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="36.[113,166,1967,1984]" captionTargetBox="[215,1404,1015,1950]" captionTargetId="figure-503@36.[215,1404,1015,1950]" captionText="Figure 41 Soldiers of pinelii group. A: C.liepini. B: C.pinelii. C, D and H: C.maculatus [C: CASENT0173689].E, G and I: C.nilpiei. F: C. incertus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5512345" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5512345/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
Fig.
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)........................5
</keyStep>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9336F3FFD0FFE4FFFDFCD9D765FC2B" blockId="36.[112,787,802,898]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<keyStep id="30D82E56FFD0FFE4FFFDFCD9D765FC2B" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<keyLead id="30DD95C6FFD0FFE4FFFDFCD9D765FC2B" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
5 In dorsal view, petiole and postpetiole as long as or longerthan wide (not including laterallamellar expansions) (
<figureCitation id="13172A76FFD0FFE4FD92FCFED615FC28" box="[542,611,879,898]" captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="36.[113,166,1967,1984]" captionTargetBox="[215,1404,1015,1950]" captionTargetId="figure-503@36.[215,1404,1015,1950]" captionText="Figure 41 Soldiers of pinelii group. A: C.liepini. B: C.pinelii. C, D and H: C.maculatus [C: CASENT0173689].E, G and I: C.nilpiei. F: C. incertus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5512345" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5512345/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 41f</figureCitation>
)...............
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD0FFE4FD23FCFFD765FC2B" ID-CoL="69K2Y" baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[687,787,878,897]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incertus">
<emphasis id="B958EAE1FFD0FFE4FD23FCFFD765FC2B" bold="true" box="[687,787,878,897]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">C. incertus</emphasis>
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</keyStep>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9336F3FFD0FFE4FFFDFC04D764FC64" blockId="36.[113,786,917,936]" lastBlockId="36.[112,786,955,974]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<keyLead id="30DD95C6FFD0FFE4FFFDFC04D764FC64" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
5 In dorsal view, petioleand postpetiole wider than long (not including
<keyStep id="30D82E56FFD0FFE4FFFCFC2AD764FC64" box="[112,786,955,974]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
laterallamellar expansions) (
<figureCitation id="13172A76FFD0FFE4FE1EFC2AD5A1FC64" box="[402,471,955,974]" captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="36.[113,166,1967,1984]" captionTargetBox="[215,1404,1015,1950]" captionTargetId="figure-503@36.[215,1404,1015,1950]" captionText="Figure 41 Soldiers of pinelii group. A: C.liepini. B: C.pinelii. C, D and H: C.maculatus [C: CASENT0173689].E, G and I: C.nilpiei. F: C. incertus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5512345" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5512345/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
Fig.
<date id="FF921033FFD0FFE4FE36FC2AD5A1FC64" box="[442,471,955,974]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" value="1941-01">41i</date>
</figureCitation>
)...........................................
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D70FFD0FFE4FD3BFC2AD764FC64" ID-CoL="69K2V" authorityName="De Andrade" authorityYear="1999" box="[695,786,955,974]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cephalotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nilpiei">
<emphasis id="B958EAE1FFD0FFE4FD3BFC2AD764FC64" bold="true" box="[695,786,955,974]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">C. nilpiei</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
</key>
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</treatment>
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