treatments-xml/data/88/A0/B1/88A0B120BEFA6D9C4895F3AB513E69CF.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.629.10167" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a29b4f0a-31a6-4006-bc89-4f1f8238cf9d" ID-PMC="PMC5126540" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-629-103" ID-PubMed="27920599" ID-ZBK="FED331EDC3CF493A861B29F6FB8CDAB5" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1313-2970-629-103" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 629" ModsDocTitle="Review of the East Palaearctic and North Oriental Psyttalia Walker, with the description of three new species (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Opiinae)" checkinTime="1478578995669" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Wu, Qiong, Achterberg, Cornelis van, Tan, Jiang-Li &amp; Chen, Xue-Xin" docDate="2016" docId="88A0B120BEFA6D9C4895F3AB513E69CF" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 629: 103-151" docOrigin="ZooKeys 629" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.629.10167" docTitle="Psyttalia spectabilis van Achterberg, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="7F3B01AA-ADD9-4EA0-908B-52654CA14FB5" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="136" masterDocId="11468D50F51CFFFBFFE66717FFDCFF83" masterDocTitle="Review of the East Palaearctic and North Oriental Psyttalia Walker, with the description of three new species (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Opiinae)" masterLastPageNumber="151" masterPageNumber="103" pageNumber="133" updateTime="1668163668695" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>Review of the East Palaearctic and North Oriental Psyttalia Walker, with the description of three new species (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Opiinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Wu, Qiong</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Achterberg, Cornelis van</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Tan, Jiang-Li</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Chen, Xue-Xin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number>629</mods:number>
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<mods:start>103</mods:start>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.629.10167</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.629.10167</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-629-103</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127871848" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7F3B01AA-ADD9-4EA0-908B-52654CA14FB5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/88A0B120BEFA6D9C4895F3AB513E69CF" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="136" pageId="30" pageNumber="133">
<subSubSection pageId="30" pageNumber="133" type="multiple">
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="133">Taxon classification Animalia Hymenoptera Braconidae</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="30" pageNumber="133" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="133">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/7F3B01AA-ADD9-4EA0-908B-52654CA14FB5" authority="van Achterberg" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Psyttalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Psyttalia spectabilis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spectabilis">Psyttalia spectabilis van Achterberg</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="30" pageNumber="133">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figs 89, 90-99
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="30" pageNumber="133" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="133">Material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="133">
Holotype, ♀ (RMNH), &quot;Museum Leiden, Japan[: Honshu], Gaga 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Spa-Zaô">Spa-Zao</normalizedToken>
, Miyagi Pref., 31.vii.1981, A. Takasu&quot;. Paratype: 1 ♀ (RMNH) with same data as holotype.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="30" pageNumber="133" type="comparative diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="133">Comparative diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="133">
The new species runs in the keys to Palaearctic 
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="30" pageNumber="133" rank="subfamily" subfamily="Opiinae">Opiinae</taxonomicName>
by 
<bibRefCitation author="Fischer, M" journalOrPublisher="Das Tierreich" pageId="37" pageNumber="140" pagination="1 - 620" title="HymenopteraBraconidae (Opiinae I). (Palaearktische Region)." volume="91" year="1972">Fischer (1972)</bibRefCitation>
to 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Diachasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diachasma mysticum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mysticum">Diachasma mysticum</taxonomicName>
(= 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rhogadopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhogadopsis mystica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mystica">Rhogadopsis mystica</taxonomicName>
(Fischer, 1963) comb. n.) from Japan. It differs from 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rhogadopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhogadopsis mystica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mystica">Rhogadopsis mystica</taxonomicName>
by having the head and mesosoma (except propodeum and metapleuron) brownish yellow (vs head, except clypeus, and mesosoma black in 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rhogadopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhogadopsis mystica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mystica">Rhogadopsis mystica</taxonomicName>
), vein CU1b of fore wing much shorter than vein 3-CU1 (Fig. 90; vs vein CU1b about as long as vein 3-CU1); pterostigma distinctly triangular (Fig. 90; vs elongate); medio-posterior depression of mesoscutum absent (vs present); vein r of fore wing continuous with vein 3-SR (Fig. 90; vs vein r of fore wing rather angled with vein 3-SR); vein SR1 of fore wing about 1.8 times vein 3-SR (Fig. 90; vs vein SR1 of fore wing about 2.7 times vein 3-SR) and length of body 5-6 mm (vs about 3 mm). In the key by 
<bibRefCitation author="Fischer, M" journalOrPublisher="Das Tierreich" pageId="38" pageNumber="141" pagination="1 - 734" title="HymenopteraBraconidae (Opiinae III) - aethiopische, orientalische, australische und ozeanische Region." volume="104" year="1987">Fischer (1987)</bibRefCitation>
the new species runs to the Oriental 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Psyttalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Psyttalia walkeri" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="walkeri">Psyttalia walkeri</taxonomicName>
(Muesebeck). The new species differs by having lateral crenulate grooves on the propodeum (Fig. 93; vs absent and instead with carina in 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Psyttalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Psyttalia walkeri" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="walkeri">Psyttalia walkeri</taxonomicName>
), propodeum and 
<normalizedToken originalValue="first–fifth">first-fifth</normalizedToken>
tergites largely black (vs reddish yellow or partly infuscate), hind tibia (except ventrally) and tarsus dark brown, contrasting with ivory hind femur (Fig. 99; vs hind femur, tibia and tarsus similar pale yellow), pterostigma dark brown (vs pale yellow), length of body 5-6 mm (vs 2-3 mm) and vein 2-CU1 of fore wing at same level as vein M+CU1 (Fig. 90; vs vein 2-CU1 distinctly below level of vein M+CU1).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="135" pageId="30" pageNumber="133" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="133">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="133">Holotype, ♀, length of body 5.6 mm, of fore wing 5.2 mm.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="133">Head. Antenna with 52+ segments (its apex missing), bristly and erect setose and 1.4 times as long as fore wing; third segment 1.2 times as long as fourth segment, length of third and fourth segments 2.6 and 2.1 times their width, respectively (Figs 97-98); length of maxillary palp 1.2 times height of head; length of eye in dorsal view 4.6 times temple (Fig. 96); temple in dorsal view shiny, largely smooth and with sparse punctures; OOL: diameter of ocellus: POL = 9:5:4; area behind stemmaticum with groove, widened laterally (Fig. 96); face moderately punctate with interspaces wider than diameter of punctures, except submedially, shiny and medio-longitudinal convexity mainly smooth and ventrally widened (Fig. 95); frons moderately depressed behind antennal sockets, shiny, rugose and glabrous but laterally setose and punctulate, in front of anterior ocellus with narrow groove and narrow smooth ridge (Fig. 96); labrum flat; clypeus transverse, convex, coarsely punctate and its ventral margin slightly convex and thin (Fig. 95); width of clypeus 4.0 times its maximum height and 0.8 times width of face; hypoclypeal depression wide and deep (Figs 91, 95); malar space narrow (Fig. 95); malar suture indistinct except for deep depression near eye, between malar suture and clypeus punctate; mandible not twisted, apically moderately narrowed, punctate and with both teeth wide; mandible normal basally and with narrow ventral carina (Fig. 91); occipital carina remains far removed from hypostomal carina and dorsally largely absent; hypostomal carina rather wide ventrally.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="135" pageId="30" pageNumber="133">
Mesosoma. Length of mesosoma 1.3 times its height; dorsal pronope small, round; pronotal side largely smooth, but anterior and posterior grooves present and coarsely crenulate (Fig. 91); propleuron flattened; epicnemial area smooth dorsally; precoxal sulcus medially medium-sized and only medially distinctly crenulate, absent anteriorly and posteriorly (Fig. 91); remainder of mesopleuron smooth and shiny; pleural sulcus very 
<pageBreakToken pageId="31" pageNumber="134" start="start">finely</pageBreakToken>
crenulate ventrally; mesosternal sulcus deep, narrow and finely crenulate; postpectal carina absent; mesoscutum shiny and glabrous (Fig. 92); notauli only anteriorly as pair of nearly smooth impressions and absent on disc, but notaulic courses indicated by setae 
<pageBreakToken pageId="32" pageNumber="135" start="start">and</pageBreakToken>
punctulation; scutellar sulcus deep and with 5 long crenulae, parallel-sided medially; scutellum rather convex and smooth, but laterally sparsely punctulate and setose (Fig. 92); metanotum with a short medio-longitudinal carina anteriorly and its posterior face finely crenulate; surface of propodeum smooth except for crenulate grooves near distinct and reversed Y-shaped median carina (Fig. 93), lateral grooves deep and coarsely regularly crenulate, and anterior groove somewhat widened medially (Fig. 93).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="32" pageNumber="135">Wings. Fore wing: 1-SR longer than wide and slightly angled with 1-M (Fig. 90); pterostigma wide triangular and r nearly linear with postero-basal border (Fig. 90); 1-R1 ending at wing apex and 1.3 times as long as pterostigma (Fig. 90); r nearly linear with 3-SR and medium-sized; r-m not tubular; r:3-SR:SR1 = 5:20:42; 2-SR:3-SR:r-m = 13:20:6; 1-M straight; SR1 distinctly curved; m-cu distinctly antefurcal, subparallel with 1-M and straight, 2-SR+M slender (as apex of M+CU1: Fig. 90); cu-a distinctly postfurcal and 1-CU1 widened; 1-CU1:2-CU1 = 5:31; first subdiscal cell closed; CU1b medium-sized; only apex of M+CU1 sclerotized. Hind wing: 1-M straight; M+CU:1-M:1r-m = 30:35:13; cu-a straight; m-cu absent; SR entirely absent.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="32" pageNumber="135">Legs. Length of femur, tibia and basitarsus of hind leg 3.4, 8.2 and 4.9 times as long as width, respectively (Fig. 99); hind femur and tibia with long setae and densely setose.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="32" pageNumber="135">Metasoma. Length of first tergite 1.1 times to its apical width, convex medio-posteriorly, convexity surrounded by crenulate groove, its surface densely punctate-rugose (Fig. 93), dorsal carinae strong in its basal half and with depressed area below; second suture slightly indicated; basal depressions of second tergite medium-sized and tergite 0.7 times as long as third tergite, both smooth (except some punctulation) and largely setose; following tergites smooth, shiny and sparsely setose; combined length of second and third metasomal tergites 0.26 times total length of metasoma; sixth tergite membranous medio-posteriorly; length of setose part of ovipositor sheath 0.46 times fore wing, 2.9 times first tergite, 2.0 times hind femur, 1.4 times hind tibia and 0.9 times metasoma; hypopygium 0.35 times as long as metasoma, acute apically and reaching apex of metasoma (Fig. 94).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="32" pageNumber="135">Colour. Brownish yellow; propodeum, first tergite, second tergite except laterally, third tergite except posteriorly, fourth and fifth tergites (but anteriorly and posteriorly brownish) black; metapleuron chestnut brown; palpi, legs (but hind tibia and tarsus mainly dark brown) and remainder of metasoma ivory; tegulae pale yellowish; antenna (but scapus and pedicellus mainly yellow), pterostigma and veins dark brown; fore wing membrane subhyaline.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="32" pageNumber="135">Variation. Paratype: length of fore wing 4.3 mm; antenna with 52 segments; first tergite 1.1 times as long as its apical width and only superficially punctate medially; hind femur 3.8 times as long as wide; setose part of ovipositor sheath 0.47 times as long as fore wing and 1.5 times hind tibia; hind tibia ivory ventrally and propodeum chestnut brown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="32" pageNumber="135" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="32" pageNumber="135">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="32" pageNumber="135">Japan.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="32" pageNumber="135" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph pageId="32" pageNumber="135">Biology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="32" pageNumber="135">Unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="32" pageNumber="135" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="32" pageNumber="135">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="32" pageNumber="135">
The name refers to the showy combination of colours of this species: &quot; 
<taxonomicName lsidName="spectabilis" pageId="32" pageNumber="135" rank="species" species="spectabilis">spectabilis</taxonomicName>
&quot; is Latin for &quot;showy, notable&quot;.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="33" pageNumber="136" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="136">
<pageBreakToken pageId="33" pageNumber="136" start="start">Notes</pageBreakToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="136">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rhogadopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhogadopsis mystica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mystica">Rhogadopsis mystica</taxonomicName>
(Fischer, 1963) comb. n. was originally described in the genus 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Opius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Opius" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Opius</taxonomicName>
Wesmael and up to now only known of the male holotype. It was later included in 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Diachasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diachasma" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diachasma</taxonomicName>
Foerster, 1863, by 
<bibRefCitation author="Fischer, M" journalOrPublisher="Das Tierreich" pageId="37" pageNumber="140" pagination="1 - 620" title="HymenopteraBraconidae (Opiinae I). (Palaearktische Region)." volume="91" year="1972">Fischer (1972)</bibRefCitation>
. The latter is an obvious misfit because the clypeus is truncate ventrally (vs convex in 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Diachasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diachasma" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diachasma</taxonomicName>
) and it has a distinct hypoclypeal depression below it (vs absent or as a narrow slit in 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Diachasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diachasma" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diachasma</taxonomicName>
), vein 3-SR of fore wing longer than vein 2-SR and vein m-cu of hind wing absent (according to the original description veins 2-SR and 3-SR equal, but in the figured fore wing 3-SR 1.2 times longer than 2-SR; vs in 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Diachasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diachasma" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diachasma</taxonomicName>
vein 3-SR usually shorter than vein 2-SR and if subequal then vein m-cu of hind wing at least present as a distinctly pigmented trace). 
<bibRefCitation author="Tobias, VI" editor="Ler, PA" journalOrPublisher="Dal'nauka, Vladivostok" pageId="38" pageNumber="141" pagination="558 - 655" title="Opiinae." volumeTitle="Neuropteroidea, Mecoptera, Hymenoptera" year="1998">Tobias (1998)</bibRefCitation>
included it in the subgenus 
<taxonomicName lsidName="(Aulonotus)" pageId="33" pageNumber="136" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Aulonotus">Aulonotus</taxonomicName>
Ashmead of 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Opius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Opius" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Opius</taxonomicName>
Wesmael. 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aulonotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aulonotus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Aulonotus</taxonomicName>
Ashmead is a synonym of 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Xynobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xynobius" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Xynobius</taxonomicName>
Foerster, 1863 (
<bibRefCitation author="Li, XY" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="38" pageNumber="141" pagination="1 - 168" title="Revision of the subfamily Opiinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) from Hunan (China), including thirty-six new species and two new genera." url="10.3897/zookeys.268.4071" volume="268" year="2013">Li et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
), but it is unlikely that it belongs there because the dorsal carinae are weakly developed, the marginal cell of the hind wing is wide and vein 3-SR of fore wing slightly longer than vein 2-SR (
<bibRefCitation author="Fischer, M" journalOrPublisher="Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien" pageId="37" pageNumber="140" pagination="283 - 305" title="Ueber palaearktische Opiinae (Hym., Braconidae)." volume="66" year="1963">Fischer 1963</bibRefCitation>
). According to the original description vein m-cu of fore wing is distinctly curved and gradually merging into vein 2-CU1, vein 1r-m of hind wing is weakly oblique and 0.7 times as long as vein 1-M, hind wing comparatively wide and medio-longitudinal carina of propodeum present anteriorly, what agrees well with the definition of 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rhogadopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhogadopsis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Rhogadopsis</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Brèthes">Brethes</normalizedToken>
, 1913 (
<bibRefCitation author="Li, XY" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="38" pageNumber="141" pagination="1 - 168" title="Revision of the subfamily Opiinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) from Hunan (China), including thirty-six new species and two new genera." url="10.3897/zookeys.268.4071" volume="268" year="2013">Li et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
). It can be separated from other 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rhogadopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhogadopsis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Rhogadopsis</taxonomicName>
species by its complete notauli combined with the antefurcal vein m-cu, short vein 1-SR and distally widened first subdiscal cell of the fore wing.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>