247 lines
28 KiB
XML
247 lines
28 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.985.46835" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4016e00e-1b97-4265-860c-ddb96dec10ba" ID-PMC="PMC7661477" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-985-61" ID-Pensoft-UUID="0E2AB797E4615194ABE15C4A51742D60" ID-PubMed="33223875" ID-ZooBank="203602E8558F4A2784B24AFA00785DD8" ModsDocID="1313-2970-985-61" checkinTime="1604647787148" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Xue, Gou-Xi, Inayoshi, Yutaka, Li, Meng, Zhang, Fu-Ming, Lai, Da-Kun & Tian, Hai-Ying" docDate="2020" docId="75AC698AD17B5C21BBF7E77334425574" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 985: 61-70" docOrigin="ZooKeys 985" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.985.46835" docTitle="Celaenorrhinus munda subsp. munda munda (Moore 1884" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="0E2AB797E4615194ABE15C4A51742D60" lastPageNumber="61" masterDocId="0E2AB797E4615194ABE15C4A51742D60" masterDocTitle="New records of Celaenorrhinus pyrrha de Niceville, 1889 and C. munda (Moore, 1884) from China (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae)" masterLastPageNumber="70" masterPageNumber="61" pageNumber="61" updateTime="1668169760399" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>New records of Celaenorrhinus pyrrha de Niceville, 1889 and C. munda (Moore, 1884) from China (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Xue, Gou-Xi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>School of Food and Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, No. 5 Dongfeng Road, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">xueguoxi95227@163.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Inayoshi, Yutaka</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Sritana Condominium 2, 96 / 173, Huay Kaew Rd., T. Suthep, A. Muang, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Li, Meng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>School of Food and Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, No. 5 Dongfeng Road, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Zhang, Fu-Ming</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Forest Resource Service Center of Simian Mountain, Chongqing, 402296, China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Lai, Da-Kun</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Forest Resource Service Center of Simian Mountain, Chongqing, 402296, China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Tian, Hai-Ying</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Technology Center, China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co., Ltd. No. 8 The Third Street of Zhengzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">haiyingflying@163.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>985</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>61</mods:start>
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<mods:end>70</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.985.46835</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.985.46835</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-985-61</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">203602E8558F4A2784B24AFA00785DD8</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="168815832" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:75AC698AD17B5C21BBF7E77334425574" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/75AC698AD17B5C21BBF7E77334425574" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
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<taxonomicName LSID="75AC698A-D17B-5C21-BBF7-E77334425574" authority="munda (Moore, 1884) (new record to China)" authorityName="munda (Moore" authorityYear="1884" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celaenorrhinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Celaenorrhinus munda subsp. munda" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="munda" subSpecies="munda">Celaenorrhinus munda munda (Moore, 1884) (new record to China)</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–4" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 4. Adults of Celaenorrhinus pyrrha and C. munda munda. 1 - 3 C. pyrrha 1 male, China, Chongqing, Simian Mountain, 785 m, 16 August 2016, leg. Guoxi Xue [Dissection ID CQ 164, DNA voucher ID A 58] 2 male, China, Yunnan, Yingjiang, Jinzhuzhai, 27 April 2016, leg. Guoxi Xue [Dissection ID YN 25, DNA voucher ID A 56] 3 female, China, Chongqing, Simian Mountain, 785 m, 16 August 2016, leg. Guoxi Xue [DNA voucher ID A 60] 4 C. munda munda, male, China, Tibet, Cuona County, Lebugou, 19 June 2013, leg. Songyun Lang [Dissection ID Tib 1] a dorsal side b ventral side. Scale bars: 1 cm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.985.46835.figures1-4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471624" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Plesioneura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plesioneura munda" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="munda">Plesioneura munda</taxonomicName>
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Moore, 1884: 48, type locality: Simla, India.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
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<taxonomicName authority="munda" authorityName="munda (Moore" authorityYear="1884" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celaenorrhinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Celaenorrhinus munda subsp. munda" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="munda" subSpecies="munda">Celaenorrhinus munda munda</taxonomicName>
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;
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.105941" author="Evans, WH" journalOrPublisher="The British Museum, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" refId="B8" refString="Evans, WH, 1949. A Catalogue of the Hesperiidae from Europe, Asia & Australia in the British Museum (Natural History). The British Museum, London, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.105941" title="A Catalogue of the Hesperiidae from Europe, Asia & Australia in the British Museum (Natural History)." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.105941" year="1949">Evans 1949</bibRefCitation>
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: 100.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="material examined.">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">China • 1?, Tibet, Cuona County, Lebugou, 19 June 2013, leg. Songyun Lang.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Male genitalia</emphasis>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 9. Male genitalia of Celaenorrhinus munda munda from Cuona, southern Tibet [Dissection ID Tib 1] A genitalia capsule, lateral view, valva and aedeagus removed B tegumen and gnathos, dorsal view C tegumen and gnathos, ventral view D left valva, outer surface E left valva, inner surface F left valva, dorsal view G aedeagus, lateral view H aedeagus, dorsal view I aedeagus, ventral view J juxta, posterior view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.985.46835.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471629" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">9</figureCitation>
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). In lateral view, tegumen protruding anteriorly; base of uncus with a semi-erect process; basal half of uncus quadrangular, distal half narrow, sloped, sharply pointed; gnathos sickle-shaped, distal end reaching tip of uncus; saccus pointing slightly downwards, length about half the height of genitalia capsule. In dorsal view, basal processes of uncus triangular, central part of uncus constricted, distal half of uncus bifid, forming a pair of horn-shaped blunt points. In ventral view, left and right parts of gnathos separated. Distal portion of valva bifid, divided into a wide ventral branch and a slender dorsal branch, disto-dorsal margin of the latter with a notch; both branches subequal in length and bent inwards. Aedeagus robust, distal half bent downwards; cornuti triangular and sharply pointed, well sclerotized. Juxta ring-shaped.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.985.46835.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471629" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" start="Figure 9" startId="F6">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Figure 9.</emphasis>
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Male genitalia of
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<taxonomicName authority="munda" authorityName="munda (Moore" authorityYear="1884" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celaenorrhinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Celaenorrhinus munda subsp. munda" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="munda" subSpecies="munda">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Celaenorrhinus munda munda</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from Cuona, southern Tibet [Dissection ID Tib1]
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">A</emphasis>
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genitalia capsule, lateral view, valva and aedeagus removed
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">B</emphasis>
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tegumen and gnathos, dorsal view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">C</emphasis>
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tegumen and gnathos, ventral view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">D</emphasis>
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left valva, outer surface
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">E</emphasis>
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left valva, inner surface
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">F</emphasis>
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left valva, dorsal view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">G</emphasis>
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aedeagus, lateral view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">H</emphasis>
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aedeagus, dorsal view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">I</emphasis>
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aedeagus, ventral view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">J</emphasis>
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juxta, posterior view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="discussion">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Discussion.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
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Three subspecies have been described for
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Moore" authorityYear="1884" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celaenorrhinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Celaenorrhinus munda" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="munda">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Celaenorrhinus munda</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, of which
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. munda subsp. joka" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" rank="subSpecies" species="munda" subSpecies="joka">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">C. munda joka</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Evans, 1949 is only known from the type locality, Tsekou, Yunnan, where the holotype was captured in 1898 as the only known exemplar of the species from China (
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.105941" author="Evans, WH" journalOrPublisher="The British Museum, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" refId="B8" refString="Evans, WH, 1949. A Catalogue of the Hesperiidae from Europe, Asia & Australia in the British Museum (Natural History). The British Museum, London, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.105941" title="A Catalogue of the Hesperiidae from Europe, Asia & Australia in the British Museum (Natural History)." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.105941" year="1949">Evans 1949</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Elwes & Edwards" authorityYear="1897" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celaenorrhinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Celaenorrhinus munda subsp. maculicornis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="munda" subSpecies="maculicornis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Celaenorrhinus munda maculicornis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Elwes & Edwards, 1897 is distributed from Sikkim, Assam to Myanmar (
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.105941" author="Evans, WH" journalOrPublisher="The British Museum, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" refId="B8" refString="Evans, WH, 1949. A Catalogue of the Hesperiidae from Europe, Asia & Australia in the British Museum (Natural History). The British Museum, London, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.105941" title="A Catalogue of the Hesperiidae from Europe, Asia & Australia in the British Museum (Natural History)." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.105941" year="1949">Evans 1949</bibRefCitation>
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). The record of this subspecies from Thailand by
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<bibRefCitation author="Ek-Amnuay, P" journalOrPublisher="Amarin Printing and Publishing, Bangkok" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" refId="B3" refString="Ek-Amnuay, P, 2006. Butterflies of Thailand. Fascinating Insects Vol. 2 (1st ed.). Amarin Printing and Publishing, Bangkok" title="Butterflies of Thailand. Fascinating Insects Vol. 2 (1 st ed.)." year="2006">Ek-Amnuay (2006</bibRefCitation>
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: 752, pl. 345, H49b) was considered a misidentification of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. leucocera" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" rank="species" species="leucocera">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">C. leucocera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Koller, 1844) (
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<bibRefCitation author="Ek-Amnuay, P" journalOrPublisher="Yadoriga" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" pagination="2 - 20" refId="B5" refString="Ek-Amnuay, P, Chiba, H, Kimura, Y, Inayoshi, Y, Saito, K, Seki, Y, Uemura, Y, 2007. Corrigenda to "Butterflies of Thailand" (Ek-Amnuay, 2006). Yadoriga 213: 2 - 20" title="Corrigenda to " Butterflies of Thailand " (Ek-Amnuay, 2006)." volume="213" year="2007">Ek-Amnuay et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
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: 14), but
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<bibRefCitation author="Ek-Amnuay, P" journalOrPublisher="Amarin Printing and Publishing, Bangkok" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" refId="B4" refString="Ek-Amnuay, P, 2012. Butterflies of Thailand. 2nd revised ed. Amarin Printing and Publishing, Bangkok" title="Butterflies of Thailand. 2 nd revised ed." year="2012">Ek-Amnuay (2012</bibRefCitation>
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: 800, pl. 369, H47) included it again following
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<bibRefCitation author="Pinratana, BA" journalOrPublisher="The Viratham Press, Bangkok" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" refId="B19" refString="Pinratana, BA, 1985. Butterflies in Thailand Vol. 5 Hesperiidae. The Viratham Press, Bangkok" title="Butterflies in Thailand Vol. 5 Hesperiidae." year="1985">Pinratana (1985</bibRefCitation>
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: 28, 120, pl. 11, fig. 37), although
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<bibRefCitation author="Kimura, Y" journalOrPublisher="Mokuyosha, Tokyo" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" refId="B12" refString="Kimura, Y, Aoki, T, Yamaguchi, S, Uemura, Y, Saito, T, 2011. The Butterflies of Thailand. Based on Yunosuke KIMURA Collection Vol. 1. Hesperiidae, Papilionidae, Pieridae. Mokuyosha, Tokyo" title="The Butterflies of Thailand. Based on Yunosuke KIMURA Collection Vol. 1. Hesperiidae, Papilionidae, Pieridae." year="2011">Kimura et al. (2011</bibRefCitation>
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: 34) had pointed out that
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Pinratana’s">Pinratana's</normalizedToken>
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record is a misidentification. An earlier record of this subspecies from Thailand was listed by
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<bibRefCitation author="Godfrey, EJ" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Siam Society, Natural History Supplement" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" pagination="203 - 397" refId="B9" refString="Godfrey, EJ, 1930. A revised list of the butterflies of Siam, with notes on their geographical distribution. Journal of the Siam Society, Natural History Supplement 7 (4): 203 - 397" title="A revised list of the butterflies of Siam, with notes on their geographical distribution." volume="7" year="1930">Godfrey (1930</bibRefCitation>
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: 358) as
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. maculicornis" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" rank="species" species="maculicornis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">C. maculicornis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but according to
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<bibRefCitation author="Kimura, Y" journalOrPublisher="Mokuyosha, Tokyo" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" refId="B12" refString="Kimura, Y, Aoki, T, Yamaguchi, S, Uemura, Y, Saito, T, 2011. The Butterflies of Thailand. Based on Yunosuke KIMURA Collection Vol. 1. Hesperiidae, Papilionidae, Pieridae. Mokuyosha, Tokyo" title="The Butterflies of Thailand. Based on Yunosuke KIMURA Collection Vol. 1. Hesperiidae, Papilionidae, Pieridae." year="2011">Kimura et al. (2011</bibRefCitation>
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: 34) it is possibly a misidentification of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. putra" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" rank="species" species="putra">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">C. putra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Moore).
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<bibRefCitation author="Devyatkin, AL" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" refId="B2" refString="Devyatkin, AL, Monastyrskii, AL, 1999. Hesperiidae of Vietnam 5. An annotated list of the Hesperiidae of North and Central Vietnam (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae). Atalanta 29(1/4): 151-184. [pl. XII]" title="Hesperiidae of Vietnam 5. An annotated list of the Hesperiidae of North and Central Vietnam (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae). Atalanta 29 (1 / 4): 151 - 184. [pl. XII]" year="1999">Devyatkin and Monastyrskii (1999)</bibRefCitation>
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reported
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. munda subsp. maculicornis" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" rank="subSpecies" species="munda" subSpecies="maculicornis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">C. munda maculicornis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from Vietnam for the first time based upon a female specimen, but in their later works, e.g.,
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1134/S0013873815030082" author="Monastyrskii, AL" journalOrPublisher="Ltd, Hanoi" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" refId="B15" refString="Monastyrskii, AL, Devyatkin, AL, 2015. Butterflies of Vietnam (an illustrated checklist) 2nd ed. Planorama Meida Co. Ltd, Hanoi, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0013873815030082" title="Butterflies of Vietnam (an illustrated checklist) 2 nd ed. Planorama Meida Co." url="https://doi.org/10.1134/S0013873815030082" year="2015">Monastyrskii and Devyatkin (2015)</bibRefCitation>
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, this name was not included, possibly because Dr. Devyatkin had realized that the specimen belongs to another species (Monastyrskii pers. comm. 2020). Therefore, we omit Vietnam from the distribution range of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="subsp. maculicornis" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" rank="subSpecies" species="munda" subSpecies="maculicornis">ssp. maculicornis</taxonomicName>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 8. Distribution map of Celaenorrhinus pyrrha and C. munda. Triangle C. pyrrha a Yingjiang (Yunnan Province) b Simian Mountain (Chongqing) Circle C. munda Red C. munda munda Blue C. munda maculicornis Black C. munda joka c Cuona County (Tibet Autonomous Region) d Simla (Type locality of ssp. munda) e Khasi (Type locality of ssp. maculicornis)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.985.46835.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471628" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">8</figureCitation>
|
||
), since the identity of the female specimen needs further confirmation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
|
||
The nominate subspecies has been recorded from the northwestern Himalayas and Sikkim (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.105941" author="Evans, WH" journalOrPublisher="The British Museum, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" refId="B8" refString="Evans, WH, 1949. A Catalogue of the Hesperiidae from Europe, Asia & Australia in the British Museum (Natural History). The British Museum, London, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.105941" title="A Catalogue of the Hesperiidae from Europe, Asia & Australia in the British Museum (Natural History)." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.105941" year="1949">Evans 1949</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ek-Amnuay, P" journalOrPublisher="Amarin Printing and Publishing, Bangkok" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" refId="B3" refString="Ek-Amnuay, P, 2006. Butterflies of Thailand. Fascinating Insects Vol. 2 (1st ed.). Amarin Printing and Publishing, Bangkok" title="Butterflies of Thailand. Fascinating Insects Vol. 2 (1 st ed.)." year="2006">Ek-Amnuay (2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 752, pl. 345, H49a) reported it from Thailand, but the photos of the specimens, which were provided by the second author of the present paper, actually represent
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="dhanada" lsidName="C. dhanada subsp. dhanada" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" rank="subSpecies" species="dhanada" subSpecies="dhanada">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">C. dhanada dhanada</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Inayoshi, Y" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" publicationUrl="http://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/90520001.html" refId="B11" refString="Inayoshi, Y, 2019. A check list of butterflies in Indo-china, chiefly from Thailand, Laos & Vietnam. http://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/90520001.html" title="A check list of butterflies in Indo-china, chiefly from Thailand, Laos & Vietnam." url="http://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/90520001.html" year="2019">Inayoshi 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This mistake was corrected by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ek-Amnuay, P" journalOrPublisher="Amarin Printing and Publishing, Bangkok" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" refId="B4" refString="Ek-Amnuay, P, 2012. Butterflies of Thailand. 2nd revised ed. Amarin Printing and Publishing, Bangkok" title="Butterflies of Thailand. 2 nd revised ed." year="2012">Ek-Amnuay (2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 800). Therefore, we omit Thailand from the distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. munda" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" rank="species" species="munda">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">C. munda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the present paper. Judging from the diagnosic characters provided by
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.105941" author="Evans, WH" journalOrPublisher="The British Museum, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" refId="B8" refString="Evans, WH, 1949. A Catalogue of the Hesperiidae from Europe, Asia & Australia in the British Museum (Natural History). The British Museum, London, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.105941" title="A Catalogue of the Hesperiidae from Europe, Asia & Australia in the British Museum (Natural History)." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.105941" year="1949">Evans (1949</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 100), the specimen examined in this study belongs to
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="munda" lsidName="C. munda subsp. munda" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" rank="subSpecies" species="munda" subSpecies="munda">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">C. munda munda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This discovery eastwardly expands the distribution range of the subspecies (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 8. Distribution map of Celaenorrhinus pyrrha and C. munda. Triangle C. pyrrha a Yingjiang (Yunnan Province) b Simian Mountain (Chongqing) Circle C. munda Red C. munda munda Blue C. munda maculicornis Black C. munda joka c Cuona County (Tibet Autonomous Region) d Simla (Type locality of ssp. munda) e Khasi (Type locality of ssp. maculicornis)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.985.46835.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471628" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">8</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.105941" author="Evans, WH" journalOrPublisher="The British Museum, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" refId="B8" refString="Evans, WH, 1949. A Catalogue of the Hesperiidae from Europe, Asia & Australia in the British Museum (Natural History). The British Museum, London, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.105941" title="A Catalogue of the Hesperiidae from Europe, Asia & Australia in the British Museum (Natural History)." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.105941" year="1949">Evans (1949)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
recorded both ssp.
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="subsp. maculicornis" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" rank="subSpecies" species="munda" subSpecies="maculicornis">maculicornis</taxonomicName>
|
||
and ssp.
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="subsp. munda" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" rank="subSpecies" species="munda" subSpecies="munda">munda</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Sikkim. Moreover, according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Devyatkin, AL" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" refId="B2" refString="Devyatkin, AL, Monastyrskii, AL, 1999. Hesperiidae of Vietnam 5. An annotated list of the Hesperiidae of North and Central Vietnam (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae). Atalanta 29(1/4): 151-184. [pl. XII]" title="Hesperiidae of Vietnam 5. An annotated list of the Hesperiidae of North and Central Vietnam (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae). Atalanta 29 (1 / 4): 151 - 184. [pl. XII]" year="1999">Devyatkin and Monastyrskii (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, the two taxa are also found in Nepal, and the status of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="maculicornis" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" rank="species" species="maculicornis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">maculicornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
remains controversial. Although differences in wing patterns of the two subspecies were clearly described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.105941" author="Evans, WH" journalOrPublisher="The British Museum, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" refId="B8" refString="Evans, WH, 1949. A Catalogue of the Hesperiidae from Europe, Asia & Australia in the British Museum (Natural History). The British Museum, London, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.105941" title="A Catalogue of the Hesperiidae from Europe, Asia & Australia in the British Museum (Natural History)." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.105941" year="1949">Evans (1949)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, the genitalia structures have not been illustrated and compared except for the simple hand drawing (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.105941" author="Evans, WH" journalOrPublisher="The British Museum, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" refId="B8" refString="Evans, WH, 1949. A Catalogue of the Hesperiidae from Europe, Asia & Australia in the British Museum (Natural History). The British Museum, London, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.105941" title="A Catalogue of the Hesperiidae from Europe, Asia & Australia in the British Museum (Natural History)." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.105941" year="1949">Evans 1949</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 17, B.6. fig. 19). In future studies, comprehensive morphological and molecular analyses are needed to clarify the relationships of these taxa.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |