142 lines
13 KiB
XML
142 lines
13 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.149.2382" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b7b840f6-7082-49dc-bee7-d528a40eb478" ID-PMC="PMC3234410" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-149-69" ID-PubMed="22207795" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2011" ModsDocID="1313-2970-149-69" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 149" ModsDocTitle="Generic placement of the Neotropical species of “ Phragmatobia” (Erebidae, Arctiinae), with a remarkable matrivorous species from the Peruvian Andes" checkinTime="1451249584836" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Schmidt, B. Christian & Freina, Josef J. De" docDate="2011" docId="2DBE6D1A3CDD64DC48FF77AF08428EE9" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 149: 69-88" docOrigin="ZooKeys 149" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.149.2382" docTitle="Patagobia Schmidt & De Freina, gen. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="76" masterDocId="3138FFC6FFCF307AFF9EFFDEFFE5745E" masterDocTitle="Generic placement of the Neotropical species of " Phragmatobia " (Erebidae, Arctiinae), with a remarkable matrivorous species from the Peruvian Andes" masterLastPageNumber="88" masterPageNumber="69" pageNumber="76" updateTime="1668152818396" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Generic placement of the Neotropical species of " Phragmatobia " (Erebidae, Arctiinae), with a remarkable matrivorous species from the Peruvian Andes</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Schmidt, B. Christian</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Freina, Josef J. De</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>149</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>69</mods:start>
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<mods:end>88</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.149.2382</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.149.2382</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-149-69</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032345" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AE8678AA-E7C1-4A86-8C25-7E539E5998DB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2DBE6D1A3CDD64DC48FF77AF08428EE9" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="76" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="76" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="76">
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<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AE8678AA-E7C1-4A86-8C25-7E539E5998DB" authority="Schmidt & De Freina" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Patagobia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Patagobia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Patagobia Schmidt & De Freina</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="7" pageNumber="76">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="76" type="type species">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="76">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="76">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Turuptiana" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Turuptiana thursbyi" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thursbyi">Turuptiana thursbyi</taxonomicName>
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Rothschild, 1910.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="76" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="76">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="76">
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The name is derived from a combination of the words Patagonia and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Phragmatobia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phragmatobia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Phragmatobia</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="76" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="76">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="76">
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Although
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Patagobia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Patagobia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Patagobia</taxonomicName>
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shows similarities to the Holarctic
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Phragmatobia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phragmatobia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Phragmatobia</taxonomicName>
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in some external aspects, it differs in having longer, symmetrical rami of the male antenna, ochre thoracic collar, lack of a male clasper, pale tan forewing pattern (usually), and a restricted distribution to the Chilean Andes of South America. The wing colour and pattern is also similar to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Andesobia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Andesobia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Andesobia</taxonomicName>
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, but structurally
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Patagobia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Patagobia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Patagobia</taxonomicName>
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has a more robust build with denser thoracic vestiture, equally long posterior and anterior male antennal rami (anterior rami shorter than posterior in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Andesobia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Andesobia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Andesobia</taxonomicName>
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), male antennal rami up to 3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than antennal segment length (up to 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Andesobia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Andesobia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Andesobia</taxonomicName>
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); 2nd labial segment elongate, 1.8
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as wide, 1.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than apical segment; thoracic collar contrastingly paler ochre (conconcolourous with dorsal thoracic vestiture in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Andesobia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Andesobia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Andesobia</taxonomicName>
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); thoracic vestiture dense and pilose (sparse and shaggy in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Andesobia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Andesobia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Andesobia</taxonomicName>
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);femur and tibia elongate, 4.5-5.6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than wide (very stout, 3.0-3.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than wide in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Andesobia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Andesobia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Andesobia</taxonomicName>
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); metatibia with two pairs of spurs (one pair in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Andesobia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Andesobia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Andesobia</taxonomicName>
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); forewing medial line present (absent in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Andesobia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Andesobia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Andesobia</taxonomicName>
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); postmedial line usually double (absent in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Andesobia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Andesobia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Andesobia</taxonomicName>
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); hindwing discal spot diffuse and elongate (sharp or absent in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Andesobia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Andesobia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Andesobia</taxonomicName>
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). The male coremata betwen the 7th and 8th sternite are moderately developed in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Patagobia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Patagobia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Patagobia</taxonomicName>
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, very reduced in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Andesobia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Andesobia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Andesobia</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="77" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="76">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="77" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">
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Male (female unknown). Head - vestiture dark brown to black, setae long; antenna bipectinate, ciliate ventrally; longest posterior rami 1.5-3.0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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segment length, longest anterior rami 1.1-3.0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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segment length; rami longest over middle third of antenna, decreasing in length toward base and apex; eye elliptical, 1.2-1.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as high as wide; labial palp short, not extending beyond vestiture of frons; haustellum reduced and poorly sclerotized, presumably nonfunctional. Thorax - vestiture of vertex and ventrum of thorax black brown; tegulae entirely black brown or black brown edged with yellowish brown; patagia yellowish brown or rarely black brown; leg vestiture brownish ochre, dorsum of femur yellow or red, co-varying with hindwing and abdomen ground colour; apex of prothoracic tibia with two subequal, blunt, triangular projections; mesotibia with two apical and two subapical spurs, length of apical spurs 1.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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and supapical spurs 0.6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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tibial width at apex; two metatibial spurs, posterior spur slightly longer than anterior; metepisternum lacking microtymbals. Forewings - forewing length 12.9-13.2 mm (mean 13.1 mm; n = 4), length:width ratio averaging 2.1; ground colour pale ochre yellow but with broad, sometimes entirely confluent dark-brown transverse bands (Fig. 4c); pattern elements consisting of dark basal area and sinuous, diffuse dark-brown transverse lines (Fig. 4a) discal spot indistinct dorsally, but well defined ventrally; ventrally with bands obsolete except for marginal band. Hindwing - ground colour pinkish red or rarely yellow (Fig. 4d)
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<pageBreakToken pageId="8" pageNumber="77" start="start">,</pageBreakToken>
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with broad dark-brown marginal and costal band; well-defined brown, crescentic discal spot; similar ventrally but with discal spot better defined. Abdomen - Vestiture brownish black and pinkish red or yellow subdorsdally, ventrally with segmental margins yellowish ochre; abdomen entirely dark brown in melanic specimens (Fig. 4c). Coremata between sternites 7-8 in shallow pockets, scent scales approximately 0.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as sternite length. Genitalia - highly simplified, with large, triangular, dorsoventrally flattened uncus characteristic of subtribe; uncus 1.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than width of base, broadly joined to wide, band-like tegumen; dorsal margin of tegumen caudally recurved; valve simple and digitate, lacking processes or claspers, 1.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as uncus-tegumen complex; vinculum semicircular, saccus v-shaped, similar in length to uncus; aedeagus large, 5-6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than wide, 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as width of genital capsule, curving dorsad slightly; coecum 1/10 length of aedeagus, directed slightly ventrad; vesica extremely large, diameter when inflated 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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that of genital capsule; vesica directed right-laterad, globose, finely spiculate, with poorly differentiated basal chamber and large apical chamber (Fig. 11b).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |