416 lines
32 KiB
XML
416 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1024.56927" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7a0ded71-ddb1-49e5-9c2c-10c01fd03a1f" ID-PMC="PMC7990858" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1024-157" ID-Pensoft-UUID="086BAB631B8D5B888571137F0CEFF686" ID-PubMed="33786006" ID-ZooBank="FDD37EA991214385B67D51AD313CB49E" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1024-157" checkinTime="1615979483707" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Nestor-Arriola, Jorge Ismael, Toledo-Hernandez, Victor Hugo, Solis, Angel, Gonzalez, Guillermo & Vetrovec, Jaroslav" docDate="2021" docId="21F5D84CCE4E51A9B562A61B3A3E0D84" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1024: 157-196" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1024" docPubDate="2021-03-16" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1024.56927" docTitle="Brachiacantha hexaspina Gonzalez, Vetrovec & Nestor-Arriola 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="27061E37-3AB4-4ECE-BD4A-B986BD822487" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" id="086BAB631B8D5B888571137F0CEFF686" lastPageNumber="157" masterDocId="086BAB631B8D5B888571137F0CEFF686" masterDocTitle="The Brachiacantha Dejean, 1837 (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) of Central America" masterLastPageNumber="196" masterPageNumber="157" pageNumber="157" updateTime="1668149905347" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The Brachiacantha Dejean, 1837 (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) of Central America</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Nestor-Arriola, Jorge Ismael</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2394-1586</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Centro de Investigacion en Biodiversidad y Conservacion (CIByC), Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Morelos. Av. Universidad # 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, C. P. 62209, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">jorge.nestorarr@uaem.edu.mx</mods:nameIdentifier>
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||
</mods:name>
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||
<mods:name type="personal">
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||
<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Toledo-Hernandez, Victor Hugo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Centro de Investigacion en Biodiversidad y Conservacion (CIByC), Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Morelos. Av. Universidad # 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, C. P. 62209, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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||
<mods:name type="personal">
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||
<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Solis, Angel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Departamento de Historia Natural, Museo Nacional de Costa Rica. Santo Domingo de Heredia, Costa Rica</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Gonzalez, Guillermo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>La Reina, Santiago, Chile</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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||
<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Vetrovec, Jaroslav</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Buzulucka, Hradec Kralove, Ceska Republika</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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||
<mods:titleInfo>
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||
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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||
</mods:titleInfo>
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||
<mods:part>
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||
<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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||
<mods:number>2021-03-16</mods:number>
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||
</mods:detail>
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||
<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1024</mods:number>
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||
</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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||
<mods:start>157</mods:start>
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<mods:end>196</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1024.56927</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1024.56927</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1024-157</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">FDD37EA991214385B67D51AD313CB49E</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">086BAB631B8D5B888571137F0CEFF686</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="180585863" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:27061E37-3AB4-4ECE-BD4A-B986BD822487" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/21F5D84CCE4E51A9B562A61B3A3E0D84" lastPageNumber="157" pageId="0" pageNumber="157">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="157" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="157">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/27061E37-3AB4-4ECE-BD4A-B986BD822487" authority="González, Větrovec & Nestor-Arriola" authorityName="Gonzalez, Vetrovec & Nestor-Arriola" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Brachiacantha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brachiacantha hexaspina" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="157" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hexaspina" status="sp. nov.">
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Brachiacantha hexaspina
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<normalizedToken originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
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||
,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Větrovec">Vetrovec</normalizedToken>
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||
& Nestor-Arriola
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="157">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 13–20" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 13 - 20. Brachiacantha hexaspina sp. nov. male 13 Dorsal view 14 Abdomen 15 Tegmen 16 Tegmen lateral view 17 Penis 18 Penis apex 19 Paramere 20 Penis guide. Scale bar: 1 mm, except 15 - 20 0.5 mm" figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1024.56927.figures13-20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/520869" pageId="0" pageNumber="157">Figures 13-20</figureCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="157" type="holotype">
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||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="157">
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||
<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="157">
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||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3063616377" collectingDate="2017-09-12" collectionCode="NMP" country="Panama" elevation="1105" latitude="8.513333" location="Original" longLatPrecision="129" longitude="-81.12" municipality="Male" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Veraguas" typeStatus="holotype">
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<collectingMunicipality>Male</collectingMunicipality>
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, pinned, with genitalia in a separate microvial.
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:21F5D84CCE4E51A9B562A61B3A3E0D84:775004BCF9E77B5A9678324FB3996BB2" country="Panama" latitude="8.513333" longLatPrecision="129" longitude="-81.12" municipality="Male" name="Original" stateProvince="Veraguas">Original</location>
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labels:
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||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“PANAMÁ">
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||
"
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||
<collectingCountry name="Panama">PANAMA</collectingCountry>
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||
</normalizedToken>
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||
:
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<collectingRegion country="Panama" name="Veraguas">Veraguas</collectingRegion>
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||
,
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||
<date value="2017-09-12">
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<collectingDate value="2017-09-12">12.IX.2017</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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, Santa
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Fé">Fe</normalizedToken>
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env., Alto de Piedra-Cerro Tute,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="08" direction="north" minutes="30.8" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="8.513333">08°30.8'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="81" direction="west" minutes="07.2" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-81.12">81°07.2'W</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.105" metricValueMax="1.3599999999999999" metricValueMin="0.85" unit="m" value="1105.0" valueMax="1360.0" valueMin="850.0">
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<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.105" metricValueMax="1.3599999999999999" metricValueMin="0.85" unit="m" value="1105.0" valueMax="1360.0" valueMin="850.0">850-1360 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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, lower montane forest, individual collecting,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Fikàček">Fikacek</normalizedToken>
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, Seidel and Sekerka, lgt." (
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<collectionCode country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fx6k-enrh" name="Natal Museum" type="">NMP</collectionCode>
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) (
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<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
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||
).
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</materialsCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="157" type="paratypes">
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||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="157">
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<typeStatus>Paratypes</typeStatus>
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.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="157">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3063616301" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectionCode="V" country="Costa Rica" location="Alajuela" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Alajuela" typeStatus="paratype">
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<collectingCountry name="Costa Rica">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
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•
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<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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;
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<collectingRegion country="Costa Rica" name="Alajuela">Alajuela</collectingRegion>
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, P. N.
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<collectionCode country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
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</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3063616315" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectionCode="MNCR" collectorName="Sep. & J. A. Azofeifa" country="Costa Rica" county="Tenorio" elevation="1050" location="Palmital" municipality="Rio Robles" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
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<collectingCounty>Tenorio</collectingCounty>
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,
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||
<collectingMunicipality>Rio Robles</collectingMunicipality>
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||
,
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||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:21F5D84CCE4E51A9B562A61B3A3E0D84:5C02099CF0DE8058D216204B43695FD8" country="Costa Rica" county="Tenorio" municipality="Rio Robles" name="Palmital">Palmital</location>
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||
, "arriba la Caliza";
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||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.1" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="m" value="1050.0" valueMax="1100.0" valueMin="1000.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.1" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="m" value="1050.0" valueMax="1100.0" valueMin="1000.0">1000-1100 m</elevation>
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||
</quantity>
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||
; 21 June-16
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<collectorName>Sep.</collectorName>
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||
;
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<collectorName>J. A. Azofeifa</collectorName>
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leg.;
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<collectingMethod>malaise trap</collectingMethod>
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;
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<accessionNumber httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/LN296500">LN296500</accessionNumber>
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||
_426300, #87178 (
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||
<collectionCode country="Costa Rica" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yis-bi95" name="Museo Nacional de Costa Rica" type="">MNCR</collectionCode>
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||
)
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||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
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||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3063616330" collectingDate="1992-10" collectionCode="MNCR" collectorName="G. Carballo" country="Costa Rica" elevation="100" location="Hitoy Cerere" municipality="Res. Biol. Hitoy Cerere" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Limon" typeStatus="paratype">
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<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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||
;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Limón">
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||
<collectingRegion country="Costa Rica" name="Limon">Limon</collectingRegion>
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||
</normalizedToken>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality>Res. Biol. Hitoy Cerere</collectingMunicipality>
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||
, est.
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||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:21F5D84CCE4E51A9B562A61B3A3E0D84:E5BD6B50ED9199D39933CBCF9343B449" country="Costa Rica" municipality="Res. Biol. Hitoy Cerere" name="Hitoy Cerere" stateProvince="Limon">Hitoy Cerere</location>
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||
;
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||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="m" value="100.0">
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||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</elevation>
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||
</quantity>
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||
;
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||
<date value="1992-10">
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<collectingDate value="1992-10">Oct. 1992</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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||
;
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<collectorName>G. Carballo</collectorName>
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leg.; L-N 184600_643300 (
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<collectionCode country="Costa Rica" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yis-bi95" name="Museo Nacional de Costa Rica" type="">MNCR</collectionCode>
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||
)
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3063616346" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectionCode="R" collectorName="Valle de la Estrella" country="Costa Rica" location="Limon" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Limon" typeStatus="paratype">
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<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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||
;
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||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Limón">
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<collectingRegion country="Costa Rica" name="Limon">Limon</collectingRegion>
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</normalizedToken>
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,
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||
<collectorName>Valle de la Estrella</collectorName>
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,
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<collectionCode country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile">R</collectionCode>
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3063616373" collectingDate="2003-09-18" collectingDateMax="2003-10-05" collectingDateMin="2003-09-18" collectionCode="MNCR" collectorName="B. Hitoy Cerere & B. Gamboa & E. Rojas & W. Arana" country="Costa Rica" elevation="560" location="Espavel" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
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||
<collectorName>B. Hitoy Cerere</collectorName>
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||
, send.
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||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:21F5D84CCE4E51A9B562A61B3A3E0D84:4FC6E51E16226D079FD4EB2041FC8380" country="Costa Rica" name="Espavel">Espavel</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" unit="m" value="560.0">
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||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" unit="m" value="560.0">560 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
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||
;
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||
<date value="2003-09-18" valueMax="2003-10-05" valueMin="2003-09-18">
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||
<collectingDate value="2003-09-18" valueMax="2003-10-05" valueMin="2003-09-18">18 Sep.-5 Oct. 2003</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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||
;
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||
<collectorName>B. Gamboa</collectorName>
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||
,
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||
<collectorName>E. Rojas</collectorName>
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and
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||
<collectorName>W. Arana</collectorName>
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||
leg.;
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||
<collectingMethod>malaise trap</collectingMethod>
|
||
; L-S 401200_569800, #75488 (
|
||
<collectionCode country="Costa Rica" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yis-bi95" name="Museo Nacional de Costa Rica" type="">MNCR</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3063616402" collectingDate="2000-04-15" collectingDateMax="2000-05-15" collectingDateMin="2000-04-15" collectionCode="MNCR" collectorName="A. Azofeifa" country="Costa Rica" county="Golfito" elevation="695" location="Cerro Rincon" municipality="Est. Agujas" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Puntarenas" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
;
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||
<collectingRegion country="Costa Rica" name="Puntarenas">Puntarenas</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCounty>Golfito</collectingCounty>
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||
,
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||
<collectingMunicipality>Est. Agujas</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:21F5D84CCE4E51A9B562A61B3A3E0D84:2871C979866C9C877C31B10A143041DF" country="Costa Rica" county="Golfito" municipality="Est. Agujas" name="Cerro Rincon" stateProvince="Puntarenas">Cerro Rincon</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.95" metricValueMax="7.45" metricValueMin="6.45" unit="m" value="695.0" valueMax="745.0" valueMin="645.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.95" metricValueMax="7.45" metricValueMin="6.45" unit="m" value="695.0" valueMax="745.0" valueMin="645.0">645-745 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<date value="2000-04-15" valueMax="2000-05-15" valueMin="2000-04-15">
|
||
<collectingDate value="2000-04-15" valueMax="2000-05-15" valueMin="2000-04-15">15 Apr.-15 May 2000</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>A. Azofeifa</collectorName>
|
||
leg.;
|
||
<collectingMethod>malaise trap</collectingMethod>
|
||
; L_S_275500_521950, #56675, sp#106 (
|
||
<collectionCode country="Costa Rica" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yis-bi95" name="Museo Nacional de Costa Rica" type="">MNCR</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="157" type="diagnosis">
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||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="157">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="157">Dorsal color yellow with two black spots in each elytron. Pro-, meso-, and metatibia with external tooth. Male with ventrites II-V emarginate and depressed, forming a longitudinal fossa on abdomen. Male genitalia with penis guide symmetrical, apically notched, penis with a strong curvature at apical 1/6 toward external side.</paragraph>
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||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1024.56927.figures13-20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/520869" pageId="0" pageNumber="157" start="Figures 13–20" startId="F4">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="157">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="157">Figures 13-20.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gonzalez, Vetrovec & Nestor-Arriola" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Brachiacantha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brachiacantha hexaspina" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="157" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hexaspina">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="157">Brachiacantha hexaspina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. male
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="157">13</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="157">14</emphasis>
|
||
Abdomen
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="157">15</emphasis>
|
||
Tegmen
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="157">16</emphasis>
|
||
Tegmen lateral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="157">17</emphasis>
|
||
Penis
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="157">18</emphasis>
|
||
Penis apex
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="157">19</emphasis>
|
||
Paramere
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="157">20</emphasis>
|
||
Penis guide. Scale bar:
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
, except
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="157">15-20</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="157" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="157">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="157">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="157">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="157">
|
||
<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Male. Length
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
|
||
, width
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" unit="mm" value="2.9">2.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
; body oval, slightly elongate, convex. Dorsal color yellow except pronotum with two basal, irregular light brown transparent spots, roughly round, diameter approximately 2/5 the length of pronotum; scutellar shield dark brown; elytron with two black spots: humeral spot irregular and slightly subquadrate, sub-apical spot large, twice the size of the humeral spot, subquadrate and with the basal side trilobed, closer to the lateral edge than to the suture; elytral suture and anterior margin black, lateral margin black until apical ⅓ (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 13–20" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 13 - 20. Brachiacantha hexaspina sp. nov. male 13 Dorsal view 14 Abdomen 15 Tegmen 16 Tegmen lateral view 17 Penis 18 Penis apex 19 Paramere 20 Penis guide. Scale bar: 1 mm, except 15 - 20 0.5 mm" figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1024.56927.figures13-20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/520869" pageId="0" pageNumber="157">13</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ventral surface yellow with head and prosternum brown; meso-, metasternum and abdomen dark brown; mouthparts and antennae yellow, mandibular apex black; legs yellow, trochanters light brown. Head punctures small, separated by less than half their diameter, each puncture larger than twice an eye facet; pronotal punctures as large as head punctures, separated by half to one diameter, more compact towards the edges; elytral punctures as large as pronotum punctures, separated by two diameters, irregular lines of large and apparently black dots on the anterior margin of elytra, the basal half of the lateral margin and each side of the elytral suture, the lines are separated from the elytral margins and the elytral suture by approximately the scutellar shield length; metaventral punctures as large as elytral punctures, separated by
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="1½×">11/2x</normalizedToken>
|
||
their diameters. Clypeus straight. Carinae on prosternal process straight, larger than half prosternum, convergent to prosternal anterior border without reaching it, not joined. Protibia flanged, basal tooth large, curved, as large as protibial width; mesotibia not flanged, basal tooth as large as protibial tooth; metatibia not flanged, basal tooth shorter than protibial tooth. Basal abdominal ventrite without setal tuft. Abdomen with postcoxal line on basal ventrite slightly flattened along posterior ventrite margin, slightly recurved towards the anterior margin at the external ⅓, without reaching the lateral or anterior borders; all ventrites with short and sparse pubescence at sides, more long and less sparse from I-V; ventrite punctures variable, fine and dense, larger towards the lateral and posterior edges. Ventrites II-V emarginated and depressed at middle, ventrite
|
||
<collectionCode country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute">VI</collectionCode>
|
||
flattened, slightly depressed centrally, posterior margin emarginated. Ventrites III-IV with a tubercle at each side of the emargination,
|
||
<collectionCode>II</collectionCode>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectionCode country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
|
||
only with a slight convexity. Ventrites I and
|
||
<collectionCode>II</collectionCode>
|
||
with long, bushy pubescence at middle, III-V glabrous at the middle (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 13–20" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 13 - 20. Brachiacantha hexaspina sp. nov. male 13 Dorsal view 14 Abdomen 15 Tegmen 16 Tegmen lateral view 17 Penis 18 Penis apex 19 Paramere 20 Penis guide. Scale bar: 1 mm, except 15 - 20 0.5 mm" figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1024.56927.figures13-20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/520869" pageId="0" pageNumber="157">14</figureCitation>
|
||
). Genitalia with penis guide longer than parameres, symmetrical, wide, basal ⅓ with almost straight sides, abruptly wide at apical ⅔, wider at apex, sides of the wide part slightly emarginated, apex slightly emarginated (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 13–20" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 13 - 20. Brachiacantha hexaspina sp. nov. male 13 Dorsal view 14 Abdomen 15 Tegmen 16 Tegmen lateral view 17 Penis 18 Penis apex 19 Paramere 20 Penis guide. Scale bar: 1 mm, except 15 - 20 0.5 mm" figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1024.56927.figures13-20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/520869" pageId="0" pageNumber="157">15</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 13–20" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 13 - 20. Brachiacantha hexaspina sp. nov. male 13 Dorsal view 14 Abdomen 15 Tegmen 16 Tegmen lateral view 17 Penis 18 Penis apex 19 Paramere 20 Penis guide. Scale bar: 1 mm, except 15 - 20 0.5 mm" figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1024.56927.figures13-20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/520869" pageId="0" pageNumber="157">20</figureCitation>
|
||
), apex sinuous in lateral view (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 13–20" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 13 - 20. Brachiacantha hexaspina sp. nov. male 13 Dorsal view 14 Abdomen 15 Tegmen 16 Tegmen lateral view 17 Penis 18 Penis apex 19 Paramere 20 Penis guide. Scale bar: 1 mm, except 15 - 20 0.5 mm" figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1024.56927.figures13-20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/520869" pageId="0" pageNumber="157">16</figureCitation>
|
||
); parameres wide basally, narrowed to apex, apex rounded, setae rising from the apex border (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 13–20" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 13 - 20. Brachiacantha hexaspina sp. nov. male 13 Dorsal view 14 Abdomen 15 Tegmen 16 Tegmen lateral view 17 Penis 18 Penis apex 19 Paramere 20 Penis guide. Scale bar: 1 mm, except 15 - 20 0.5 mm" figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1024.56927.figures13-20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/520869" pageId="0" pageNumber="157">16</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 13–20" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 13 - 20. Brachiacantha hexaspina sp. nov. male 13 Dorsal view 14 Abdomen 15 Tegmen 16 Tegmen lateral view 17 Penis 18 Penis apex 19 Paramere 20 Penis guide. Scale bar: 1 mm, except 15 - 20 0.5 mm" figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1024.56927.figures13-20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/520869" pageId="0" pageNumber="157">19</figureCitation>
|
||
); penis curved in basal
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
|
||
, bended forming a right angle at the apical 1/6, narrowed before apex, alae narrowed apically (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 13–20" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 13 - 20. Brachiacantha hexaspina sp. nov. male 13 Dorsal view 14 Abdomen 15 Tegmen 16 Tegmen lateral view 17 Penis 18 Penis apex 19 Paramere 20 Penis guide. Scale bar: 1 mm, except 15 - 20 0.5 mm" figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1024.56927.figures13-20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/520869" pageId="0" pageNumber="157">18</figureCitation>
|
||
), basal capsule crested, heavily sclerotized, inner arm of basal capsule perpendicular to penis, long and slender with parallel sides, external arm in the direction of the tube, twice as long as wide, ending in a short projection (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 13–20" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 13 - 20. Brachiacantha hexaspina sp. nov. male 13 Dorsal view 14 Abdomen 15 Tegmen 16 Tegmen lateral view 17 Penis 18 Penis apex 19 Paramere 20 Penis guide. Scale bar: 1 mm, except 15 - 20 0.5 mm" figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1024.56927.figures13-20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/520869" pageId="0" pageNumber="157">17</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="157">Female. Similar to male except the abdomen characters; ventral surface with head, prosternum, metasternum and abdomen orange; legs, mouthparts, and antennae yellowish orange. Mesotibial basal tooth smaller than protibial tooth; metatibial basal tooth shorter and wider than mesotibial tooth. Genitalia not examined.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="157" type="variation">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="157">Variation.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="157">
|
||
Length
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" metricValueMax="4.6" metricValueMin="3.6" unit="mm" value="4.1" valueMax="4.6" valueMin="3.6">3.6 to 4.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Width
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.8" unit="mm" value="2.9" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.8">2.8-3 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="157" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="157">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="157">
|
||
The name derives from Greek
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="157">hexa</emphasis>
|
||
(= six) and Latin
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="157">spine</emphasis>
|
||
(= thorn), referring to the six teeth of the tibiae, long and curved like rose thorns.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="157" type="type locality">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="157">
|
||
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="157">
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3063616379" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectorName="de Piedra" country="Panama" latitude="8.513333" location="Alto de Piedra" longLatPrecision="129" longitude="-81.12" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Veraguas" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="PANAMÁ">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Panama">PANAMA</collectingCountry>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Panama" name="Veraguas">Veraguas</collectingRegion>
|
||
: Santa
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fé">Fe</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:21F5D84CCE4E51A9B562A61B3A3E0D84:CB59C8B0B52B0A13558D65C117D976D0" country="Panama" latitude="8.513333" longLatPrecision="129" longitude="-81.12" name="Alto de Piedra" stateProvince="Veraguas">
|
||
Alto
|
||
<collectorName>de Piedra</collectorName>
|
||
</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="08" direction="north" minutes="30.8" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="8.513333">08°30.8'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="81" direction="west" minutes="07.2" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-81.12">81°07.2'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="157" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="157">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="157">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Costa Rica">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Panamá">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Panama">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="157" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="157">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="157">
|
||
This species is easily identifiable by the pale dorsal coloration and the toothed pro-, meso- and metatibia. The presence of tibial spines on the middle and hind legs is a feature not previously observed in the genus. According to the groups defined by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Leng, CW" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin American Museum of Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="157" pagination="279 - 333" refId="B19" refString="Leng, CW, 1911. The species of Brachyacantha of North and South America. Bulletin American Museum of Natural History 30: 279 - 333" title="The species of Brachyacantha of North and South America." volume="30" year="1911">Leng (1911)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, this species belongs to group
|
||
<collectionCode country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
|
||
, characterized by the presence of an abdominal canal that covers ventrites II-V, within which only
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. cachensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="157" rank="species" species="cachensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="157">B. cachensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Gorham has a similar design but whose male genitalia are different. Within the groups defined by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gordon, RD" journalOrPublisher="Insecta Mundi" pageId="0" pageNumber="157" pagination="1 - 76" refId="B16" refString="Gordon, RD, Canepari, C, Hanley, G, 2014. South American Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) Part XVI: systematic revision of Brachiacantha Dejean (Coccinellinae: Hyperaspidini). Insecta Mundi 390: 1 - 76" title="South American Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) Part XVI: systematic revision of Brachiacantha Dejean (Coccinellinae: Hyperaspidini)." volume="390" year="2014">Gordon et al (2014)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for the South American species based on the genitalia of the male, this species does not correspond to any of them, due to the notch at the apex of the penis guide. Despite these peculiarities, the similarities in the abdominal ventrite modifications with other species from Central America, the lack of abdominal primary pores, and the presence of protibial tooth make it prudent to keep it in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Brachiacantha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brachiacantha" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="157" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="157">Brachiacantha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="157">Species not associated with males.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |