206 lines
19 KiB
XML
206 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.94.794" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bbfece5e-665a-4062-92ec-3fe8b059e0bd" ID-PMC="PMC3095178" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-94-1" ID-PubMed="21594074" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2011" ModsDocID="1313-2970-94-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 94" ModsDocTitle="Marine Gastrotricha of the Near East: 1. Fourteen new species of Macrodasyida and a redescription of Dactylopodola agadasys Hochberg, 2003" checkinTime="1451250463722" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Hummon, William D." docDate="2011" docId="F292B3AF296B89D494EBD3A931402EB1" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 94: 1-59" docOrigin="ZooKeys 94" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.94.794" docTitle="Urodasys toxostylis Hummon, 2011, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="26" masterDocId="7D5E8574FF915668FF877704990AFFF6" masterDocTitle="Marine Gastrotricha of the Near East: 1. Fourteen new species of Macrodasyida and a redescription of Dactylopodola agadasys Hochberg, 2003" masterLastPageNumber="59" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="24" updateTime="1668168971445" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Marine Gastrotricha of the Near East: 1. Fourteen new species of Macrodasyida and a redescription of Dactylopodola agadasys Hochberg, 2003</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hummon, William D.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>94</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>59</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.94.794</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.94.794</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-94-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159365030" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7F23E58F-935D-41F7-AD00-C3F84BDFF483" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F292B3AF296B89D494EBD3A931402EB1" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<subSubSection pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7F23E58F-935D-41F7-AD00-C3F84BDFF483" family="Macrodasyidae" genus="Urodasys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Urodasys toxostylis" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="toxostylis">Urodasys toxostylis</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="23" pageNumber="24">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figure 12
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<taxonomicName family="Macrodasyidae" genus="Urodasys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Urodasys" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="genus">Urodasys</taxonomicName>
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EgyA
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<bibRefCitation author="Hummon, WD" journalOrPublisher="Meiofauna Marina" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="121 - 132" title="Tetranchyroderma parapapii sp. n. (Gastrotricha, Thaumastodermatidae), a North American analog to the European T. papii, with a redescription of the latter." volume="17" year="2009">Hummon (2009)</bibRefCitation>
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[E Med & Red Seas Database].
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Diagnosis:</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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Trunk of adult specimen being described Lt 440
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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, Lt tail 1100
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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; PhJIn at U40 of the trunk. Head bluntly ovate, with a narrow band of circumcephalic cilia and broad pestle organs at U05; neck constriction slight; trunk broadest along the mid-gut, narrowing gradually in the hind-gut region to the elongate tail. Glands 15-16 per side. TbA 7 per side, 3 in transverse rows at U07, which project obliquely forward, and 4 in longitudinal columns at U08-U17, which project obliquely outward, all inserting directly on the postoral body surface; TbL 4 per side, similar in size, all in the intestinal region; TbVL 4 per side, similar in size, 2 along the fore and 0 along the rear pharynx, and 2 in the rear intestinal region; TbD 5 per side, similar in size, 1 along the fore and 0 along the rear pharynx, and 4 in the intestinal region; TbV absent; TbP 10 or more per side,
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<pageBreakToken pageId="24" pageNumber="25" start="start">asymmetrical</pageBreakToken>
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along the tail, depending on its length. Locomotor ciliature: paired lateral bands run from the TbA back to the rear of the caudal organ, with more sparse cilia medially from the TbA to U49. Mouth terminal, narrow; buccal cavity lightly cuticularized, expanding with depth; pharyngeal pores sub-basal; intestine narrowing gradually front to rear, lacking an anus. Probably hermaphroditic, though testis was not seen; ova develop from rear to front, with two bilateral ova in the mid-gut region of recently mature specimens, much larger in fully mature specimens (video #1904); frontal organ not seen; caudal organ, appearing enclosed in an oval capsule, has a hyaline bulblet in the rear, with an internal canal, that cycles around to include a darkish mass on the left and a stylet on the right, which is curved in the rear, widening and straightening toward the front, where it has an asymmetrical bulb that has a symmetrical opening at the end.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Description:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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Trunk of adult specimen being described Lt 440
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(others Lt 413-480); Lt tail 1100
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(others Lt 588-1620); LPh 174
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(others LPh 161-173) to PhJIn at U40 (others PhJIn at U34-U40) (Fig. 12 A, B). Trunk medium in length as an adult, ventrally flattened, dorsally vaulted; head bluntly ovate, with a narrow band of circumcephalic cilia and broad pestle organs at U05; neck constriction slight; trunk broadest along the mid-gut, narrowing gradually in the hind-gut region to the elongate tail. Widths at pestle organs /pharyngeal pores /PhJIn /front, rear of caudal organ, and locations along the length of the body are as follows: 46 /48 /50 /54,30
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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at U03 /U33 /U46 /U72,97, respectively. Glands 15-16 per side (4-7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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), larger in front than behind.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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Adhesive tubes: TbA 7 per side (L 12
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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), 3 in transverse rows at U07, which project obliquely forward, curving laterally to form longitudinal columns of 4 at U08-U17, the latter projecting obliquely outward, all inserting directly on the postoral body surface; TbL 4 per side, similar in size (L 15
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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), all in the intestinal region at U54, U62, U75 and U88; TbVL 4 per side, similar in size (L 14-16
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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), 2 along the fore and 0 along the rear pharynx, and 2 in the rear intestinal region as the caudal base narrows; TbD 5 per side (also L 15-20
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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), 1 along the fore and 0 along the rear pharynx pores, and 4 in the intestinal region; TbV absent; TbP 10 or more per side (L 10-12
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) asymmetrically about the tail, depending on its length.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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Ciliation: Numerous sensory hairs (L 10-16
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) occur around the head; a band of cilia surrounds the forehead (L 28-30
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) at U05; other sensory hairs (L 25
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) arise in two columns on either side of the body: lateral and dorsolateral, with about 30 per column. Ventral locomotor ciliature forms paired lateral bands that run from the TbA back to the rear of the caudal organ, with more sparsely placed cilia filling the space between from TbA to U49.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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Digestive tract: Mouth terminal, narrow (6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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diameter); buccal cavity expands from oral opening to base and is lightly cuticularized; pharynx has sub-basal pharyngeal pores at U33; intestine is broadest in front, narrowing to the rear, but lacks an anus.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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Reproductive tract: Probably hermaphroditic, though testis was not seen; ova develop from rear to front, with two bilateral ova (74
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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24 and 55
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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19
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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in size) in the mid-gut region of recently mature specimens, and a much larger ovum (138
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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98
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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in size) appears in fully mature specimens (video #1904); frontal organ not seen; caudal organ, appearing enclosed as an oval capsule, has a hyaline bulblet in the rear
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<pageBreakToken pageId="25" pageNumber="26" start="start">,</pageBreakToken>
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with an internal canal, that circles around to include a darkish mass on the left and a curved stylet on the right (Fig. 12 C), which is thin and curved in the rear, widening and straightening toward the front, where it has an asymmetrical bulb that has a symmetrical opening at the end.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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Figure 12.
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<taxonomicName family="Macrodasyidae" genus="Urodasys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Urodasys toxostylus" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="toxostylus">Urodasys toxostylus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. A habitus of a mature adult (L trunk=440, LPh=174, L tail=1100
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) from Giftun Island SS, near Hurghada, Egypt, showing relative sizes of trunk and tail B dorsal and ventral views of the same specimen; dorsal with pestle organs, dorsal and lateral body cilia, digestive and reproductive tracts, and adhesive tubes; ventral with adhesive tubes and locomotor ciliary bands C the stylet, magnified.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="ecology">
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<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Ecology:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Occasional in frequency of occurrence (10-30% of samples), scarce to prevalent in abundance (3% to greater than 20% of a sample, sometimes a sub- dominant [sdom]); occasionally littoral in fine, medium-well sorted silicious sand, at mean low water to extreme low water, 0-15 cm depth; mostly sublittoral in fine, medium well sorted to very fine-very coarse, very poorly sorted silicious to corraline sand, with coral debris at 1-14 m water depth, sometimes in troughs, between patches of fringing reef, between coral platforms, in depressions in coral platforms or at the base of seagrass beds.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="geographical distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Geographical distribution:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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RED SEA:EGYPT:{Marsa Bareika N, Abu Ramada 1, Sharm el-Arab [sdom], Daghashland, ^Giftun Island SS [video], Main Beach Ras Mohamed NP, Middle Garden [video], Mugawish,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Na’ama">Na'ama</normalizedToken>
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Bay S [video], Nabq S, Sharm el-Sheikh, Ras Sudr, Tareeh el-Reeh S, 'Uyun Musa};ISRAEL: {Coral Beach M2, M3 [2-videos] & M5, Coral Beach N1 [2-videos], Princess Hotel [video]}.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Remarks:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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There are eight video sequences of
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<taxonomicName family="Macrodasyidae" genus="Urodasys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Urodasys toxostylis" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="toxostylis">Urodasys toxostylis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., all from the upper Red Sea in Egypt and Israel. Six of these are available as MPEG 2 (and MPEG 1) from
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<bibRefCitation author="Hummon, WD" journalOrPublisher="Meiofauna Marina" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="121 - 132" title="Tetranchyroderma parapapii sp. n. (Gastrotricha, Thaumastodermatidae), a North American analog to the European T. papii, with a redescription of the latter." volume="17" year="2009">Hummon (2009)</bibRefCitation>
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: #1904 a mature adult of L trunk=480
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(LPh=164, L tail=1200
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) from the Coral Reserve (Eilat), Israel; #931 a mature adult of L trunk=438
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(LPh=174, L tail=972
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) from
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Na’ama">Na'ama</normalizedToken>
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Bay, S. Sinai, Egypt; #932 a mature Lectotype adult of L trunk=430
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(LPh=173, L tail=1100
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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), collected in June 1994 from Giftun Island SE, near Hurghada, Egypt; #930 a mature adult of L trunk=413
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(LPh=161, L tail=590
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) from Middle Garden, S. Sinai, Egypt; #1909 a subadult of L trunk=387
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(LPh=152, L tail=1620
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) also from the Coral Reserve (Eilat); and #1923 a juvenile of L trunk=140
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(LPh=70, L tail= 588, mm) also from the Coral Reserve (Eilat), Israel. The tail may reach 4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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the length of the trunk, but is sometimes broken to lengths even shorter than that of the trunk.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Etymology:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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Toxostylis (Greek: toxo + stylos = meaning 'bow shaped
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<normalizedToken originalValue="column’">column'</normalizedToken>
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) referring to the bowed shape of the reproductive stylet in the caudal organ.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="taxonomic affinities">
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<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Taxonomic affinities:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<taxonomicName family="Macrodasyidae" genus="Urodasys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Urodasys toxostylis" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="toxostylis">Urodasys toxostylis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. is the only species in the genus with an bluntly ovate head, pestle organs, a tail up to 4 times the length of the trunk, and a PhJIn of U32-U46, which also has TbA 7 per side in transverse rows and longitudinal columns; a TbL formula of 4=0,0/4 (0 along the fore and 0 along the rear pharynx and 4 along the intestine); a TbVL formula of 4=2,0/2; a TbD formula of 5=1,0/4; and TbP=10 or more per side, depending on the tail length, with TbV absent. There are several stylet-bearing species that are morphologically close to
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<taxonomicName family="Macrodasyidae" genus="Urodasys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Urodasys toxostylis" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="toxostylis">Urodasys toxostylis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., all western Atlantic.
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<taxonomicName family="Macrodasyidae" genus="Urodasys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Urodasys cornustylis" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="cornustylis">Urodasys cornustylis</taxonomicName>
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Schoepfer-Sterrer, 1974 differs from
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<taxonomicName family="Macrodasyidae" genus="Urodasys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Urodasys toxostylis" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="toxostylis">Urodasys toxostylis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. in having a stylet with an asymmetrical opening;
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<taxonomicName family="Macrodasyidae" genus="Urodasys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Urodasys nodostylis" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="nodostylis">Urodasys nodostylis</taxonomicName>
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Schoepfer-Sterrer, 1974 differs in having a stylet with a sharp nearly perpendicular angle at its base;
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<taxonomicName family="Macrodasyidae" genus="Urodasys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Urodasys calicostylis" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="calicostylis">Urodasys calicostylis</taxonomicName>
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Schoepfer-Sterrer, 1974 differs in having a stylet that lacks a bulb and narrows too quickly from its conical end-piece; and
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<taxonomicName family="Macrodasyidae" genus="Urodasys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Urodasys remostylis" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="remostylis">Urodasys remostylis</taxonomicName>
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Schoepfer-Sterrer, 1974 has a stylet that bears a false bulb, though the outer surface does not really indent.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |