234 lines
24 KiB
XML
234 lines
24 KiB
XML
<document id="FF045E107D5E26731D35C7EB1D208AF9" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5047.2.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5540558" ID-ZooBank="1B6FD2EB-A9BF-46C7-B2A3-5DC5FC78CBF7" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1632983608310" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Jordal, Bjarte H." docDate="2021" docId="5E1A13272E5AFF806CADF9E305FE08BF" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5047.2.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5047 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Diplotrichus calvifrons Jordal 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="D880EC8F-14A8-4882-8306-0D0011E13D8D" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="110" masterDocId="A2236B5F2E5DFF896C3AFFBD01650A16" masterDocTitle="An integrated taxonomic revision of Diplotrichus (Coleoptera, Scolytinae) supports a Malagasy origin and single colonisation of South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="122" masterPageNumber="101" pageNumber="108" updateTime="1699416438303" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="EC7B95CFF5A1D86D05EE583A6CDEE3C5">
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<mods:title id="4CD02E2AF00964A0381BE601331A5B33">An integrated taxonomic revision of Diplotrichus (Coleoptera, Scolytinae) supports a Malagasy origin and single colonisation of South Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="A99548F0232E57CD9E2CD6B54A88C495" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="4ADE4980F79086522B360867E4980E9F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="68558411C69FB9F23076FE383A2E093F">Jordal, Bjarte H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="CBC7052349929D3D806A43F1C0518C08">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="9156E618D7E5984B21A5BAF3317DD998">
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<mods:date id="1E551850ACCAF649DD11DC5DB902F28F">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="050A8735839D77698A0F9A5E0922EAC7">2021-09-29</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="45ACDD476B7E0D941BF5CCE91CE0A929" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="51EDDADA57A30980888AF98FFF9A7673">5047</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="E45E3D9074B4D741B299D041507E72B7">101</mods:start>
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<mods:identifier id="3EAD0F2A0B3A926A25AB706AC568CB21" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="5E1A13272E5AFF806CADF9E305FE08BF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5540572" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5540572" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D880EC8F-14A8-4882-8306-0D0011E13D8D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5E1A13272E5AFF806CADF9E305FE08BF" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="110" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
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<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E5AFF8E6CADF9E303110C6E" box="[151,628,1630,1657]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5AFF8E6CADF9E303110C6E" blockId="7.[151,628,1630,1692]" box="[151,628,1630,1657]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
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<heading id="8D44155D2E5AFF8E6CADF9E303110C6E" bold="true" box="[151,628,1630,1657]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5AFF8E6CADF9E303110C6E" bold="true" box="[151,628,1630,1657]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
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<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E5AFF8E6CADF9E3036C0C6E" authority="Jordal" authorityName="Jordal" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,521,1630,1657]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calvifrons" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5AFF8E6CADF9E300CA0C6F" bold="true" box="[151,431,1630,1657]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Diplotrichus calvifrons</emphasis>
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Jordal
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFF4C3582E5AFF8E6E2CF9E303110C6E" box="[534,628,1630,1656]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E5AFF8E6CADF93F02160CCF" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="description">
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<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5AFF8E6CADF93F00340C8A" blockId="7.[151,628,1630,1692]" box="[151,337,1666,1692]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
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||
(
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<figureCitation id="4E88BEB42E5AFF8E6CA5F93F002C0C8A" box="[159,329,1666,1692]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–24" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1852,1876]" captionTargetBox="[170,1434,229,1827]" captionTargetId="figure-22@8.[153,1434,181,1828]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 15–24. Dorsal, lateral, and front view of Diplotrichus pilifrons sp. nov. female holotype (15, 18, 21) and male allotype frons (22), Diplotrichus calvifrons sp. nov. female holotype (16, 19, 23), and Diplotrichus medius sp. nov. female holotype (17, 20, 24)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5540568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5540568/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Figs 16, 19, 23</figureCitation>
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)
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5AFF8E6CADF97C02160CCF" blockId="7.[151,883,1729,1753]" box="[151,883,1729,1753]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
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<uri id="A222AE332E5AFF8E6CADF97C02160CCF" box="[151,883,1729,1753]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid id="A21598E42E5AFF8E6DA8F97C02160CCF" box="[402,883,1729,1753]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">D880EC8F-14A8-4882-8306-0D0011E13D8D</uuid>
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||
</uri>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E5AFF8E6CADF8B504540D98" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5AFF8E6CADF8B504540D98" blockId="7.[151,1436,1799,2042]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5AFF8E6CADF8B500200D37" bold="true" box="[151,325,1799,1826]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Type material.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="66DBA86C2E5AFF8E6D76F8BA03AB0D53" collectingDate="2006-11-14" collectionCode="GIS" collectorName="B. Jordal" country="South Africa" county="West" latitude="-33.964" location="Storms River" longLatPrecision="72" longitude="23.898" municipality="Tsitsikamma" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="holotype">
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||
<typeStatus id="09081C932E5AFF8E6D76F8BA00D10D37" box="[332,436,1799,1825]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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female:
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<collectingCountry id="AEA4E2A12E5AFF8E6E2DF8BA03CD0D37" box="[535,680,1799,1825]" name="South Africa" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCounty id="3F6DDABD2E5AFF8E6E8EF8B5038E0D34" box="[692,747,1800,1826]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">West</collectingCounty>
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||
<collectingRegion id="14776CD32E5AFF8E6EC8F8B5024B0D34" box="[754,814,1800,1826]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Cape</collectingRegion>
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||
,
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<collectingMunicipality id="3668384B2E5AFF8E6F00F8BA02A90D37" box="[826,972,1799,1825]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Tsitsikamma</collectingMunicipality>
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||
,
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<location id="D36CF4EA2E5AFF8E6FEDF8B5050E0D37" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E1A13272E5AFF806CADF9E305FE08BF:D36CF4EA2E5AFF8E6FEDF8B5050E0D37" box="[983,1131,1799,1826]" country="South Africa" county="West" latitude="-33.964" longLatPrecision="72" longitude="23.898" municipality="Tsitsikamma" name="Storms River" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" stateProvince="Western Cape">Storms River</location>
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||
[
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<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E5AFF8E6840F8B505C80D34" box="[1146,1197,1800,1826]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">GIS</collectionCode>
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||
:
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<geoCoordinate id="B387C4F62E5AFF8E6882F8BA04770D37" box="[1208,1298,1799,1825]" degrees="33.964" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" precision="55" value="-33.964">-33.964</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="B387C4F62E5AFF8E6927F8BA040A0D34" box="[1309,1391,1799,1826]" degrees="23.898" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" precision="55" value="23.898">23.898</geoCoordinate>
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], ex
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<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E5AFF8E6CADF896001D0D50" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[151,376,1835,1862]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Achariaceae" genus="Kiggelaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="africana">
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5AFF8E6CADF896001D0D50" box="[151,376,1835,1862]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Kiggelaria africana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<date id="A20D84F12E5AFF8E6DBDF89103460D53" box="[391,547,1835,1862]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" value="2006-11-14">
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||
<collectingDate id="B2497D192E5AFF8E6DBDF89103460D53" box="[391,547,1835,1862]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" value="2006-11-14">14 Nov. 2006</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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,
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<collectorName id="7B46C7E72E5AFF8E6E15F89103FD0D53" box="[559,664,1835,1862]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">B. Jordal</collectorName>
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||
, leg.
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
<materialsCitation id="66DBA86C2E5AFF8E6EEEF896005B0D98" collectingDate="2006-11-09" collectionCode="GIS" collectorName="B. Jordal" country="South Africa" county="West" latitude="-33.965" location="Natures Valley" longLatPrecision="72" longitude="23.562" municipality="West" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="allotype">
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||
<typeStatus id="09081C932E5AFF8E6EEEF89602530D53" box="[724,822,1835,1861]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="allotype">Allotype</typeStatus>
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||
male and
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<typeStatus id="09081C932E5AFF8E6F97F89105780D50" box="[941,1053,1836,1862]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
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||
: same data as holotype (4);
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<collectingCountry id="AEA4E2A12E5AFF8E6961F89601840D7F" name="South Africa" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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||
,
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||
<collectingMunicipality id="3668384B2E5AFF8E6CCAF8ED00420D7C" box="[240,295,1872,1898]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">West</collectingMunicipality>
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||
<collectingRegion id="14776CD32E5AFF8E6D08F8ED000B0D7C" box="[306,366,1872,1898]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Cape</collectingRegion>
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||
,
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||
<location id="D36CF4EA2E5AFF8E6D47F8ED034D0D7F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E1A13272E5AFF806CADF9E305FE08BF:D36CF4EA2E5AFF8E6D47F8ED034D0D7F" box="[381,552,1871,1898]" country="South Africa" latitude="-33.965" longLatPrecision="72" longitude="23.562" municipality="West" name="Natures Valley" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" stateProvince="Western Cape">Natures Valley</location>
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, deVasselot [
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||
<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E5AFF8E6EFAF8ED03960D7C" box="[704,755,1872,1898]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">GIS</collectionCode>
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:
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<geoCoordinate id="B387C4F62E5AFF8E6F38F8F2023E0D7C" box="[770,859,1871,1898]" degrees="33.965" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" precision="55" value="-33.965">-33.965</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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<geoCoordinate id="B387C4F62E5AFF8E6F50F8F202D80D7C" box="[874,957,1871,1898]" degrees="23.562" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" precision="55" value="23.562">23.562</geoCoordinate>
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], ex
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<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E5AFF8E6FCDF8F2054A0D7F" box="[1015,1071,1871,1897]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Rhus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5AFF8E6FCDF8F2054A0D7F" box="[1015,1071,1871,1897]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Rhus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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chirindaensi,s
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<date id="A20D84F12E5AFF8E68DAF8ED04110D7F" box="[1248,1396,1871,1898]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" value="2006-11-09">
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||
<collectingDate id="B2497D192E5AFF8E68DAF8ED04110D7F" box="[1248,1396,1871,1898]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" value="2006-11-09">9 Nov. 2006</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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||
,
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||
<collectorName id="7B46C7E72E5AFF8E69B9F8ED01BB0D9B" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">B. Jordal</collectorName>
|
||
, leg. (7)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="66DBA86C2E5AFF8E6D72F8CE02040D98" box="[328,865,1907,1934]" collectionCode="SAMC" country="South Africa" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="09081C932E5AFF8E6D72F8CE00D60D9B" box="[328,435,1907,1933]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
,
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||
<typeStatus id="09081C932E5AFF8E6D85F8CE037C0D9B" box="[447,537,1907,1933]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="allotype">allotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="C0B569B82E5AFF8E6E75F8C9038E0D98" box="[591,747,1908,1934]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="generic" typeStatus="paratypes">two paratypes</specimenCount>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E5AFF8E6F35F8C902040D98" box="[783,865,1908,1934]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="Museum">SAMC</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="66DBA86C2E5AFF8E6F57F8CE051D0D98" box="[877,1144,1907,1934]" collectionCode="ZMUB" country="South Africa" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="C0B569B82E5AFF8E6F57F8CE029A0D98" box="[877,1023,1907,1934]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="generic" typeStatus="paratypes">six paratypes</specimenCount>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E5AFF8E681EF8C9051D0D98" box="[1060,1144,1908,1934]" country="Norway" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5b4j-820w" name="Museum of Zoology at the University of Bergen, Vertebrate collections" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">ZMUB</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
, two in
|
||
<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E5AFF8E68EAF8C904480D98" box="[1232,1325,1908,1934]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/91g3-0mnw" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="Museum">NHMW</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E5AFF8E6CFDF82A05220DEF" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5AFF8E6CFDF82A05220DEF" blockId="7.[151,1436,1799,2042]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5AFF8E6CFDF82A00270DA7" bold="true" box="[199,322,1943,1969]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Female frons flattened, lower median third glabrous, shiny, with short setae encircling the glabrous area; antennal club with two distinct and angularly procurved sutures; elytral interstriae with regular rows of erect setae separated in a row by half the length of a seta, closer on declivity than on disk.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="82CCF2B92E55FF816CADF88100710D8B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5540568" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5540568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5540568/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" startId="8.[151,264,1852,1876]" targetBox="[170,1434,229,1827]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E55FF816CADF88100710D8B" blockId="8.[151,1437,1852,1949]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E55FF816CADF88100310D42" bold="true" box="[151,340,1852,1876]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">FIGURES 15–24.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal, lateral, and front view of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E55FF816E97F88102EC0D42" authority="Jordal, 2021" authorityName="Jordal" authorityYear="2021" box="[685,905,1852,1876]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilifrons" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E55FF816E97F88102EC0D42" box="[685,905,1852,1876]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Diplotrichus pilifrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFF4C3582E55FF816FB5F88002BB0D42" box="[911,990,1853,1876]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
female holotype (15, 18, 21) and male allotype frons (22),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E55FF816D03F8DD03460D6E" authority="Jordal, 2021" authorityName="Jordal" authorityYear="2021" box="[313,547,1888,1912]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calvifrons" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E55FF816D03F8DD03460D6E" box="[313,547,1888,1912]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Diplotrichus calvifrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFF4C3582E55FF816E13F8DC031D0D6E" box="[553,632,1889,1912]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
female holotype (16, 19, 23), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E55FF816FE8F8DD05C50D6E" authority="Jordal, 2021" authorityName="Jordal" authorityYear="2021" box="[978,1184,1888,1912]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medius" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E55FF816FE8F8DD05C50D6E" box="[978,1184,1888,1912]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Diplotrichus medius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFF4C3582E55FF81689FF8DC05910D6E" box="[1189,1268,1889,1912]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
female holotype (17, 20, 24).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E54FF806CFDFF2B04290B73" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E54FF806CFDFF2B04290B73" blockId="9.[151,1437,150,681]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E54FF806CFDFF2B03700AA7" bold="true" box="[199,533,150,177]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Description, female. Length</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="114B0FD42E54FF806E27FF2B03C20AA7" box="[541,679,150,177]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" unit="mm" value="1.45" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.4">1.4–1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, 2.6–2.7 × as long as wide; colour dark brown. flattened, on lower median third glabrous, with short setae in circle around glabrous area. Eyes separated above by 2.5–2.8 × the width. Antennal scapus triangular with setae as long as antennal club; the club with two angularly procurved sutures.
|
||
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E54FF806CADFEBE00750B0B" bold="true" box="[151,272,259,285]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Pronotum</emphasis>
|
||
with distinct summit, asperities on anterior half; vestiture mixed hair-like, mainly on posterior half, and scale-like, mainly on anterior half.
|
||
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E54FF806E21FE9A030A0B57" bold="true" box="[539,623,295,321]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Elytral</emphasis>
|
||
interstriae with regular rows of erect, pointed, bristle-like setae separated within rows on average by two-thirds their length, closer on declivity.
|
||
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E54FF806F91FEF7057C0B72" bold="true" box="[939,1049,330,356]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Protibiae</emphasis>
|
||
with three apical denticles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E54FF806CFDFED203960BBB" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E54FF806CFDFED203960BBB" blockId="9.[151,1437,150,681]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E54FF806CFDFED2002B0B9F" bold="true" box="[199,334,367,393]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
Composed by the stem of the Latin adjective
|
||
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E54FF806F62FED202C50B9F" box="[856,928,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">calvus</emphasis>
|
||
, meaning hairless, and frons, referring to the glabrous lower median part of the frons in the female.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E54FF806CF4FE0B00740877" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E54FF806CF4FE0B00740877" blockId="9.[151,1437,150,681]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E54FF806CF4FE0B009D0BC6" bold="true" box="[206,504,438,465]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Distribution and biology.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="AEA4E2A12E54FF806DC5FE0A03F50BC7" box="[511,656,439,465]" name="South Africa" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
. It was collected twice in coastal forest sites in the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="14776CD32E54FF8068F1FE0A04320BC7" box="[1227,1367,439,465]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Cape region</collectingRegion>
|
||
. Fully developed broods were dissected from phloem of
|
||
<quantity id="114B0FD42E54FF806EFDFE67027F0BE3" box="[711,794,474,501]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" unit="cm" value="3.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="2.0">2–5 cm</quantity>
|
||
thick branches of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E54FF806FD3FE6604090BE0" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[1001,1388,475,502]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Achariaceae" genus="Kiggelaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="africana">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E54FF806FD3FE6605AC0BE3" box="[1001,1225,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Kiggelaria africana</emphasis>
|
||
(Achariaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E54FF806CADFE420327080C" box="[151,578,511,538]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Searsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chirindensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E54FF806CADFE420018080F" box="[151,381,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Searsia chirindensis</emphasis>
|
||
(Anacardiaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Among the seven families studied, one contained a male-female pair, five had a bigamous structure and one had
|
||
<specimenCount id="C0B569B82E54FF806E74FD9E0383082B" box="[590,742,547,573]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="female">three females</specimenCount>
|
||
per male. Brood size ranged between 30 to
|
||
<specimenCount id="C0B569B82E54FF8068E5FD9E0422082B" box="[1247,1351,547,573]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="larva">60 larvae</specimenCount>
|
||
(n=14) per family.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E54FF806CFDFDD605FE08BF" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E54FF806CFDFDD605FE08BF" blockId="9.[151,1437,150,681]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E54FF806CFDFDD6005E0893" bold="true" box="[199,315,619,645]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
This species is very similar to the next one,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E54FF806F19FDD602F60893" authorityName="Jordal" authorityYear="2021" box="[803,915,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medius">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E54FF806F19FDD602F60893" box="[803,915,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">D. medius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, both with densely placed, pointed, bristle-like setae, but distinguished in females by the glabrous lower median frons, and by genetic data.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |