231 lines
28 KiB
XML
231 lines
28 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="3D14DCE1E895C243BC30A94F461F69F3">The genus Symmela Erichson, 1835 (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Sericini): taxonomy and phylogenetic analysis</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="01796C0AC61F2425901DB8DA19AA978E">Pacheco, Thaynara L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B3EC2C17479791DEB7DC49EAF00FD7B1">Wipfler, Benedict</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="95EFC5DCFBD829DDA98826DD016DF18A">Monné, Marcela L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="54B6F2EBFBCBC07E778371FE05B0583E">Ahrens, Dirk</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="B2E511281EF66E34146098B9E04A31BC">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="B0E49BFDE0E486C6BF09B390DFBB202E">
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<mods:date id="ED33A1501847052098E4A112D86B7D05">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="3B558B6BE10F7AB22FBC6BD80CDF8A7F">2022-07-11</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="EF5C47162AC160398E5CE4D662037EC2">56</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="7CD49713789225132C25DCBB4CFB365D">9 - 12</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="9F93F16585EEE1054359F2A644A6BB3C" type="DOI">10.1080/00222933.2022.2084649</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="5D554F4F2170FFACFF40FEB13DB7F969" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7019004" ID-GBIF-Taxon="199728133" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7019004" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5D554F4F2170FFACFF40FEB13DB7F969" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5D554F4F2170FFACFF40FEB13DB7F969" lastPageId="72" lastPageNumber="679" pageId="70" pageNumber="677">
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<subSubSection id="9DE6ADD22170FFA2FF40FEB13D1AFEDF" box="[250,1065,348,374]" pageId="70" pageNumber="677" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="D543FE592170FFA2FF40FEB13D1AFEDF" blockId="70.[250,1065,348,374]" box="[250,1065,348,374]" pageId="70" pageNumber="677">
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<heading id="8E0B49352170FFA2FF40FEB13D1AFEDF" bold="true" box="[250,1065,348,374]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="70" pageNumber="677" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="E788224B2170FFA2FF40FEB13D1AFEDF" bold="true" box="[250,1065,348,374]" pageId="70" pageNumber="677">
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<taxonomicName id="12FC85DA2170FFA2FF40FEB13A8CFEDF" authority="Pacheco, Wipfler, Monne and Ahrens" authorityName="Pacheco, Wipfler, Monne and Ahrens" authorityYear="2022" box="[250,959,348,374]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Symmela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="70" pageNumber="677" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paschoali" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="E788224B2170FFA2FF40FEB138D5FEDF" bold="true" box="[250,486,348,374]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="677">Symmela paschoali</emphasis>
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Pacheco, Wipfler, Monné and Ahrens
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FCBB9F302170FFA2FC7DFEB13D1AFEDF" box="[967,1065,348,374]" pageId="70" pageNumber="677" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9DE6ADD22170FFA2FDB9FE7E3A12FE04" box="[515,801,403,429]" pageId="70" pageNumber="677" type="description">
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<paragraph id="D543FE592170FFA2FDB9FE7E3A12FE04" blockId="70.[515,801,403,429]" box="[515,801,403,429]" pageId="70" pageNumber="677">
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(
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<figureCitation id="4DC7E2DC2170FFA2FDB1FE7E3BB6FE04" box="[523,645,403,429]" captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="71.[160,225,1665,1688]" captionTargetBox="[246,1070,145,1647]" captionTargetId="figure-3@71.[242,1073,142,1648]" captionTargetPageId="71" captionText="Figure 23. Symmela paschoali sp. nov., holotype ♂. (a) Habitus, lateral view; (b) habitus, dorsal view; (c) parameres, dorsal view; (d) aedeagus, dorsal view; (e) aedeagus, lateral view. Scale bars: a, b = 1 mm; c–e = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012572" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012572/files/figure.png" pageId="70" pageNumber="677">Figures 23</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="4DC7E2DC2170FFA2FD28FE7E3B80FE04" box="[658,691,403,429]" captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="86.[160,225,1430,1453]" captionTargetBox="[163,1152,142,1413]" captionTargetId="figure-75@86.[163,1153,142,1413]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="Figure 29. Distribution map of the Symmela species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012584" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012584/files/figure.png" pageId="70" pageNumber="677">29</figureCitation>
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(d), 31(g))
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9DE6ADD22170FFA2FF1AFE143AB7FD37" pageId="70" pageNumber="677" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="D543FE592170FFA2FF1AFE14388CFDBA" blockId="70.[160,1156,505,670]" box="[160,447,505,531]" pageId="70" pageNumber="677">
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<emphasis id="E788224B2170FFA2FF1AFE14388CFDBA" bold="true" box="[160,447,505,531]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="677">Type material examined</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D543FE592170FFA2FF1AFDF13AB7FD37" blockId="70.[160,1156,505,670]" pageId="70" pageNumber="677">
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<materialsCitation id="6594F4042170FFA2FF1AFDF13BC8FDF0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3892866414" collectionCode="CAS" collectorName="L. W. Saylor " country="Paraguay" determinerName="Det. L. W. Saylor" location="Asuncion" pageId="70" pageNumber="677" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Asuncion" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="E788224B2170FFA2FF1AFDF13821FD9F" bold="true" box="[160,274,540,566]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="677">
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<typeStatus id="0A4740FB2170FFA2FF1AFDF1383EFD9F" box="[160,269,540,566]" pageId="70" pageNumber="677" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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<specimenCount id="C3FA35D02170FFA2FE9BFDF03806FD9D" box="[289,309,541,564]" pageId="70" pageNumber="677" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
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‘
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<collectingRegion id="173830BB2170FFA2FE85FDF03899FD9F" box="[319,426,541,566]" country="Paraguay" name="Asuncion" pageId="70" pageNumber="677">Asuncion</collectingRegion>
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<collectingCountry id="ADEBBEC92170FFA2FE0BFDF03B2AFD9F" box="[433,537,541,566]" name="Paraguay" pageId="70" pageNumber="677">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
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<collectorName id="78099B8F2170FFA2FD9AFDF03B4FFD9F" box="[544,636,541,566]" pageId="70" pageNumber="677">Acc. No.</collectorName>
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||
2966/
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||
<collectorName id="78099B8F2170FFA2FD70FDF03A8EFD9F" box="[714,957,541,566]" pageId="70" pageNumber="677">L.W. Saylor Collection</collectorName>
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/
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<determinerName id="209F129D2170FFA2FC71FDF03D4FFD9F" box="[971,1148,541,566]" pageId="70" pageNumber="677">
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<collectorName id="78099B8F2170FFA2FC71FDF03D4FFD9F" box="[971,1148,541,566]" pageId="70" pageNumber="677">Det. L.W. Saylor</collectorName>
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</determinerName>
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/ CASENT 8438099/ 150 Neotropical Sericini spec.’ (
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<collectionCode id="B3ED669C2170FFA2FD78FDAD3BC6FDF0" box="[706,757,576,601]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="70" pageNumber="677" type="Museum">CAS</collectionCode>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="6594F4042170FFA2FCB9FDAD3DB3FDF0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3892866307" box="[771,1152,576,601]" country="Brazil" location="Taperina" municipality="Acc" pageId="70" pageNumber="677" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
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<typeStatus id="0A4740FB2170FFA2FCB9FDAD3A40FDF0" box="[771,883,576,601]" pageId="70" pageNumber="677" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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:
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<specimenCount id="C3FA35D02170FFA2FCC1FDAD3A91FDFE" box="[891,930,576,601]" pageId="70" pageNumber="677" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
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‘
|
||
<location id="D023A8822170FFA2FC10FDAD3D3DFDF0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5D554F4F2170FFACFF40FEB13DB7F969:D023A8822170FFA2FC10FDAD3D3DFDF0" box="[938,1038,576,601]" country="Brazil" municipality="Acc" name="Taperina" pageId="70" pageNumber="677">Taperina</location>
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<collectingCountry id="ADEBBEC92170FFA2FBAEFDAD3D63FDF0" box="[1044,1104,576,601]" name="Brazil" pageId="70" pageNumber="677">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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<collectingMunicipality id="352764232170FFA2FBEFFDAD3DB3FDF0" box="[1109,1152,576,601]" pageId="70" pageNumber="677">Acc</collectingMunicipality>
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</materialsCitation>
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. No. 2966/ L.W.
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<materialsCitation id="6594F4042170FFA2FEFCFD8F3D7FFDD2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3892866415" box="[326,1100,610,635]" collectingDate="1919-06" collectionCode="ZFMK" country="Brazil" location="Santarem" pageId="70" pageNumber="677" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
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Saylor Collection/ CASENT 8438100’ (
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||
<collectionCode id="B3ED669C2170FFA2FD5AFD8F3A15FDD2" box="[736,806,610,635]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" name="Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig" pageId="70" pageNumber="677" type="Museum">ZFMK</collectionCode>
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),
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<specimenCount id="C3FA35D02170FFA2FC8EFD8F3A6FFDD3" box="[820,860,610,635]" pageId="70" pageNumber="677" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
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‘
|
||
<location id="D023A8822170FFA2FCDFFD8F3AE0FDD2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5D554F4F2170FFACFF40FEB13DB7F969:D023A8822170FFA2FCDFFD8F3AE0FDD2" box="[869,979,610,635]" country="Brazil" name="Santarem" pageId="70" pageNumber="677">Santarem</location>
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<date id="A142D8992170FFA2FC62FD8F3D7FFDD2" box="[984,1100,610,635]" pageId="70" pageNumber="677" value="1919-06">
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||
<collectingDate id="B10621712170FFA2FC62FD8F3D7FFDD2" box="[984,1100,610,635]" pageId="70" pageNumber="677" value="1919-06">June 1919</collectingDate>
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</date>
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</materialsCitation>
|
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. S.M. Klages. Acc. 6324/ L.W. Saylor Collection/ CASENT 8438101’ (
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||
<collectionCode id="B3ED669C2170FFA2FCFDFD683A49FD37" box="[839,890,645,670]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="70" pageNumber="677" type="Museum">CAS</collectionCode>
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||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9DE6ADD22170FFACFF1AFD343A23FB73" lastPageId="72" lastPageNumber="679" pageId="70" pageNumber="677" type="description">
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<paragraph id="D543FE592170FFA2FF1AFD343815FD5A" blockId="70.[160,1157,729,1726]" box="[160,294,729,755]" pageId="70" pageNumber="677">
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<emphasis id="E788224B2170FFA2FF1AFD343815FD5A" bold="true" box="[160,294,729,755]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="677">Description</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D543FE592170FFA2FF1AFD103A2CFB70" blockId="70.[160,1157,729,1726]" pageId="70" pageNumber="677">
|
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Length:
|
||
<quantity id="120453BC2170FFA2FF47FD103866FCBF" box="[253,341,765,790]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4" pageId="70" pageNumber="677" unit="mm" value="6.4">6.4 mm</quantity>
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. Elytral length:
|
||
<quantity id="120453BC2170FFA2FDB9FD103B68FCBF" box="[515,603,765,790]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" pageId="70" pageNumber="677" unit="mm" value="3.9">3.9 mm</quantity>
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. Width:
|
||
<quantity id="120453BC2170FFA2FD0DFD103A3DFCBF" box="[695,782,765,790]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="70" pageNumber="677" unit="mm" value="3.4">3.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Head black, dull and shiny, with erect, sparse setae. Labroclypeus as wide as frons, subtrapezoidal; surface flat; plain, without an anterior concavity on each side; anterior margin weakly emarginated medially, not elevated, with a rim of dense, short setae behind anterior margin; lateral margin not incised anteriorly; punctation of surface posteriorly dense; suture between labrum and clypeus invisible. Smooth area in front of eye distinctly separated from frons by a suture. Frons anteriorly flat, punctation irregular, dense. Ocular canthus without terminal setae, ratio of length of ocular canthus/eye diameter: 1/3. Eyes evenly spherical, ratio of diameter/interocular width: 0.5. Antenna with eight antennomeres. Antennal club with three antennomeres, blackish, straight; width of antennal lamella equal to width of antennomeres of funiculus; apical lamella subequal to basal and median ones; length ratio of third vs fourth antennomere: 1/2; fourth antennomere without lateral projection; length ratio of fifth vs fourth antennomere: 1/3. Labrum anteriorly bluntly angled on each side, concave at middle. Setae on mentum moderately dense.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D543FE592170FFA2FF7AFB0F38DEF99A" blockId="70.[160,1157,729,1726]" pageId="70" pageNumber="677">
|
||
Head and pronotum without copper iridescent shine. Pronotum bicoloured, dull, blackish brown; widest before base, width subequal to width of elytral base at humerus; anterior marginal line not interrupted medially, posterior marginal line absent; lateral margin not serrated, generally weakly convex, behind anterior angles convex, posteriorly weakly convex; setae of lateral margin sparse; basal margin evenly curved; transverse impression beside basal margin absent; anterior angles produced, sharply pointed; antero-lateral and postero-lateral angles not flattened dorso-ventrally; posterior angles blunt; surface without median longitudinal impression, transversal furrows or setae; punctation on disc dense, simple and fine, without well-defined impunctate areas.
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<taxonomicName id="12FC85DA2170FFA2FF1AF9F7383CF99A" box="[160,271,1562,1587]" class="Trilobita" family="Styginidae" genus="Scutellum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Corynexochida" pageId="70" pageNumber="613" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Scutellum</taxonomicName>
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without punctures.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D543FE592170FFA2FF7AF9D03BB3F917" blockId="70.[160,1157,729,1726]" pageId="70" pageNumber="677">Elytra unicoloured, blackish brown; surface opaque and iridescent, without setae and microsculpture; striae and intervals distinct; punctation between striae sparse, diameter of punctures compared to those of striae smaller; intervals flat; posterior edge convex; apical margin chitinous, without microtrichomes.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="8183AED12171FFA3FF1AF96C384BF97A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012572" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7012572" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012572/files/figure.png" pageId="71" pageNumber="678" startId="71.[160,225,1665,1688]" targetBox="[246,1070,145,1647]" targetPageId="71">
|
||
<paragraph id="D543FE592171FFA3FF1AF96C384BF97A" blockId="71.[160,1158,1665,1747]" pageId="71" pageNumber="678">
|
||
<emphasis id="E788224B2171FFA3FF1AF96C3834F931" bold="true" box="[160,263,1665,1688]" pageId="71" pageNumber="678">Figure 23.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="12FC85DA2171FFA3FEB4F96C38F5F931" authority="Pacheco & Wipfler & Monné & Ahrens, 2022" authorityName="Pacheco & Wipfler & Monné & Ahrens" authorityYear="2022" box="[270,454,1665,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Symmela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="678" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paschoali" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E788224B2171FFA3FEB4F96C38F5F931" box="[270,454,1665,1688]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="678">Symmela paschoali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FCBB9F302171FFA3FE77F96C3B2EF931" box="[461,541,1665,1688]" pageId="71" pageNumber="678" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, holotype ♂. (a) Habitus, lateral view; (b) habitus, dorsal view; (c) parameres, dorsal view; (d) aedeagus, dorsal view; (e) aedeagus, lateral view. Scale bars: a, b = 1 mm; c–e = 0.5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="D543FE59217EFFACFF7AFF633DB7FEFC" blockId="72.[160,1156,142,1103]" pageId="72" pageNumber="679">
|
||
Abdomen: sternites flat in sagittal plane; lateral carina absent; first visible ventrite with row of setae on posterior edge; second visible ventrite with row of setae in medial region; basal ventrites medially of same length as laterally; ultimate and penultimate apical ventrites simple and flat; apical ventrite short (as long as preceding ventrite); penultimate apical ventrite row of setae denser and with longer setae, at middle interrupted by a flat impunctate discoid area; beside row of setae, almost glabrous.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="12FC85DA217EFFACFCE6FED13AF5FEFC" box="[860,966,316,341]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Pygidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="72" pageNumber="613" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pygidium</taxonomicName>
|
||
strongly convex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D543FE59217EFFACFF7AFEB33BEFFBA3" blockId="72.[160,1156,142,1103]" pageId="72" pageNumber="679">Legs reddish brown and yellow. Ratio of length of metepisternum/metacoxa: 1/1.38. Metacoxa entirely plain, without elevated lateral longitudinal carina; without longer lateral bristles, with setae on basal surface, posterior margin glabrous. Metafemur with posterior margin straight. Metatibia widest at apex; ratio of width/length: 1/3.10; dorsal margin not carinated, smooth; interior surface more or less glabrous; median longitudinal punctation present on interior surface; interior margin of apex sharply and deeply truncate towards ventral margin; punctation on entire lateral face present; beside dorsal margin without a row of robust setae along entire length; basal group of spines comprising at least two robust spines at same level of metatibial length; distal groups of spines disposed at two-thirds of metatibia length; ventral margin not serrated. Dorsal surface of tarsi glabrous, with dense punctures. Length ratio of dorsal tibial spur/first metatarsomere: 1/2. Metatarsi at apex weakly widened; first tarsomere straight, its length subequal to second and third tarsomeres combined; laterally not carinate; ventral margin serrated; ventral margin glabrous; medial face glabrous. Protibia with two distinct teeth; spur straight. First protarsomere straight, its length subequal to second and third combined; width ratio of first protarsomere vs second protarsomere: 1.5/1; second protarsomere enlarged; third and fourth protarsomere elongate and narrow (distinctly longer than wide); fifth protarsomere circular in cross section, a little shorter than third and fourth protarsomere combined. Protarsal claws asymmetrical, shape of inner protarsal claw bifid, apex of basal tooth of inner protarsal claw convex.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D543FE59217EFFACFF7AFBF938D2FB84" blockId="72.[160,1156,142,1103]" box="[192,481,1044,1069]" pageId="72" pageNumber="679">
|
||
Aedeagus:
|
||
<figureCitation id="4DC7E2DC217EFFACFE86FBF93894FB84" box="[316,423,1044,1069]" captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="71.[160,225,1665,1688]" captionTargetBox="[246,1070,145,1647]" captionTargetId="figure-3@71.[242,1073,142,1648]" captionTargetPageId="71" captionText="Figure 23. Symmela paschoali sp. nov., holotype ♂. (a) Habitus, lateral view; (b) habitus, dorsal view; (c) parameres, dorsal view; (d) aedeagus, dorsal view; (e) aedeagus, lateral view. Scale bars: a, b = 1 mm; c–e = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012572" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012572/files/figure.png" pageId="72" pageNumber="679">Figure 23</figureCitation>
|
||
(c–e).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D543FE59217EFFACFF7AFBDB38BAFBE6" blockId="72.[160,1156,142,1103]" box="[192,393,1078,1103]" pageId="72" pageNumber="679">Female unknown.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D543FE59217EFFACFF1AFB96383DFB3C" blockId="72.[160,1155,1147,1242]" box="[160,270,1147,1173]" pageId="72" pageNumber="679">
|
||
<emphasis id="E788224B217EFFACFF1AFB96383DFB3C" bold="true" box="[160,270,1147,1173]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="679">Variation</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D543FE59217EFFACFF1AFB723A23FB73" blockId="72.[160,1155,1147,1242]" pageId="72" pageNumber="679">
|
||
Length:
|
||
<quantity id="120453BC217EFFACFF44FB7238B6FB11" box="[254,389,1183,1208]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.65" metricValueMax="6.9" metricValueMin="6.4" pageId="72" pageNumber="679" unit="mm" value="6.65" valueMax="6.9" valueMin="6.4">6.4–6.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Elytral length:
|
||
<quantity id="120453BC217EFFACFD8CFB723B8EFB11" box="[566,701,1183,1208]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8499999999999996" metricValueMax="3.9" metricValueMin="3.8" pageId="72" pageNumber="679" unit="mm" value="3.8499999999999996" valueMax="3.9" valueMin="3.8">3.8–3.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Width:
|
||
<quantity id="120453BC217EFFACFCA1FB723A91FB11" box="[795,930,1183,1208]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3499999999999996" metricValueMax="3.4" metricValueMin="3.3" pageId="72" pageNumber="679" unit="mm" value="3.3499999999999996" valueMax="3.4" valueMin="3.3">3.3–3.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Body colour rather variable, from entirely yellowish to dark reddish brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9DE6ADD2217EFFACFF1AFAEB3A3AFA21" pageId="72" pageNumber="679" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="D543FE59217EFFACFF1AFAEB3827FA89" blockId="72.[160,1156,1286,1416]" box="[160,276,1286,1312]" pageId="72" pageNumber="679">
|
||
<emphasis id="E788224B217EFFACFF1AFAEB3827FA89" bold="true" box="[160,276,1286,1312]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="679">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D543FE59217EFFACFF1AFAC43A3AFA21" blockId="72.[160,1156,1286,1416]" pageId="72" pageNumber="679">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="12FC85DA217EFFACFF1AFAC43842FAEB" authority="Pacheco & Wipfler & Monné & Ahrens, 2022" authorityName="Pacheco & Wipfler & Monné & Ahrens" authorityYear="2022" box="[160,369,1321,1346]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Symmela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="679" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paschoali" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E788224B217EFFACFF1AFAC43842FAEB" box="[160,369,1321,1346]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="679">Symmela paschoali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FCBB9F30217EFFACFEC3FAC438FCFAEB" box="[377,463,1321,1346]" pageId="72" pageNumber="679" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is in external and genital morphology similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="12FC85DA217EFFACFC4AFAC43D4DFAEB" authorityName="Moser" authorityYear="1919" box="[1008,1150,1321,1346]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Symela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="679" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brasiliensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E788224B217EFFACFC4AFAC43D4DFAEB" box="[1008,1150,1321,1346]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="679">S. brasiliensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, the new species is much darker, the first protarsomere more strongly enlarged, and the parameres of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="12FC85DA217EFFACFE20FA823B29FA21" authorityName="Pacheco & Wipfler & Monné & Ahrens" authorityYear="2022" box="[410,538,1391,1416]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Symmela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="679" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paschoali">
|
||
<emphasis id="E788224B217EFFACFE20FA823B29FA21" box="[410,538,1391,1416]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="679">S. paschoali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are distinctly longer.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9DE6ADD2217EFFACFF1AFA5E3D6AF9BA" pageId="72" pageNumber="679" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="D543FE59217EFFACFF1AFA5E382EFA64" blockId="72.[160,1155,1459,1555]" box="[160,285,1459,1485]" pageId="72" pageNumber="679">
|
||
<emphasis id="E788224B217EFFACFF1AFA5E382EFA64" bold="true" box="[160,285,1459,1485]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="679">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D543FE59217EFFACFF1AFA3A3D6AF9BA" blockId="72.[160,1155,1459,1555]" pageId="72" pageNumber="679">This species is named after Paschoal C. Grossi, a Brazillian entomologist who has been making great contributions on Neotropical scarab taxonomy (noun in genitive case).</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9DE6ADD2217EFFACFF1AF9D33DB7F969" pageId="72" pageNumber="679" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="D543FE59217EFFACFF1AF9D33835F9F1" blockId="72.[160,1156,1598,1728]" box="[160,262,1598,1624]" pageId="72" pageNumber="679">
|
||
<emphasis id="E788224B217EFFACFF1AF9D33835F9F1" bold="true" box="[160,262,1598,1624]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="679">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D543FE59217EFFACFF1AF98F3DB7F969" blockId="72.[160,1156,1598,1728]" pageId="72" pageNumber="679">
|
||
This species does not present a common distribution, with two very disjunctive records (
|
||
<figureCitation id="4DC7E2DC217EFFACFF12F9683820F937" box="[168,275,1669,1694]" captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="86.[160,225,1430,1453]" captionTargetBox="[163,1152,142,1413]" captionTargetId="figure-75@86.[163,1153,142,1413]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="Figure 29. Distribution map of the Symmela species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012584" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012584/files/figure.png" pageId="72" pageNumber="679">Figure 29</figureCitation>
|
||
(d)). This fact leads us to suspect that (1) the species has a wide distribution with large sampling gaps, or (2) there is an error in the locality labels of at least
|
||
<specimenCount id="C3FA35D0217EFFACFC5AF94A3DB3F969" box="[992,1152,1703,1728]" pageId="72" pageNumber="679" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |