925 lines
110 KiB
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925 lines
110 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1044.62572" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7070f6ff-2c1d-4583-ab09-434aa8d2f913" ID-PMC="PMC8222236" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1044-197" ID-Pensoft-UUID="637074ECD8D7523A90E56E022BF1B99C" ID-PubMed="34183877" ID-ZooBank="D6810E58261E4852887B167E07A68A9C" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1044-197" checkinTime="1623875438407" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Belousov, Igor A. & Kabak, Ilya I." docDate="2021" docId="577B12C97ED95AC3AA23EB0CCC801737" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1044: 197-220" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1044" docPubDate="2021-06-16" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1044.62572" docTitle="Yalongaphaenops Belousov & Kabak 2021, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="875E7C7F-45F8-495C-82C3-68A22B9F6973" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="637074ECD8D7523A90E56E022BF1B99C" lastPageNumber="197" masterDocId="637074ECD8D7523A90E56E022BF1B99C" masterDocTitle="Yalongaphaenops erwini gen. et sp. nov., the world's most high-altitude hypogean trechine beetle from China (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Trechinae)" masterLastPageNumber="220" masterPageNumber="197" pageNumber="197" updateTime="1668150440318" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Yalongaphaenops erwini gen. et sp. nov., the world's most high-altitude hypogean trechine beetle from China (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Trechinae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Belousov, Igor A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Podbelskogo 3, 189620, St. Petersburg, Pushkin, Russia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">ibelous@yandex.ru</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Kabak, Ilya I.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5549-6539</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Podbelskogo 3, 189620, St. Petersburg, Pushkin, Russia</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-06-16</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1044</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>197</mods:start>
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<mods:end>220</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1044.62572</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1044.62572</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1044-197</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">D6810E58261E4852887B167E07A68A9C</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">637074ECD8D7523A90E56E022BF1B99C</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182754114" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:875E7C7F-45F8-495C-82C3-68A22B9F6973" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/577B12C97ED95AC3AA23EB0CCC801737" lastPageNumber="197" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="197" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="197">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/875E7C7F-45F8-495C-82C3-68A22B9F6973" authority="Belousov & Kabak, 2021" authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">Yalongaphaenops</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="197">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="197" type="type species">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="197">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops erwini" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erwini">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yalongaphaenops erwini</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="197" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="197">
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Among numerous aphaenopsoid and semi-aphaenopsoid genera of China, the new genus is distinct in having the following set of character states: frontal furrows incomplete; two basal tarsomeres dilated in males; rather homogeneous though very short pubescence of the body surface, two supraorbital setiferous pores on each side of head; labial suture distinct; six longer submental setae and one or two shorter setae in the same row (thus, altogether seven or eight submental setae); both labial and maxillary palpi with distinct and relatively long setae (except for the ultimate segments which are completely glabrous); only one lateral pore of pronotum (posterior one absent), elytra with two discal and one preapical setiferous pores in stria 3; two apical pores in addition to the preapical pore on apical slope; umbilicate series with pore 1 not shifted inwards, pores 1, 2 and 8 nearly attached to lateral groove, pores 4, 5, and 7 clearly removed from it and pores 3 and 6 in intermediate position; pore 5 located much closer to pore 6 than to pore 4, in other words, the median group clearly separated from the humeral group. Additionally, the shape of the tooth on the right mandible is worth noting: it is tridentate, but without isolated premolar, of triangular shape with basal denticle much longer than others. Such subtriangular shape is unusual for Chinese
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Bonelli" authorityYear="1810" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" rank="tribe" tribe="Trechini">Trechini</taxonomicName>
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and, to some extent, resembles teeth of some species of the Caucasian genus
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Jeannel" authorityYear="1928" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Cimmerites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cimmerites" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Cimmerites</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Jeannel, 1928 but in the latter case, the distal denticle is completely reduced (
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<bibRefCitation author="Belousov, I" journalOrPublisher="Pensoft Publishers, Series Faunistica, 8, Sofia - Moscow - St. Petersburg" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" refId="B1" refString="Belousov, I, 1998. Le complexe generique de Nannotrechus Winkler du Caucase et de la Crimee (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Trechini). Pensoft Publishers, Series Faunistica, 8, Sofia - Moscow - St. Petersburg" title="Le complexe generique de Nannotrechus Winkler du Caucase et de la Crimee (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Trechini)." year="1998">Belousov 1998</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="197" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="197">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Body</emphasis>
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medium-sized for hypogean trechines, apterous, depigmented (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Yalongaphaenops erwini gen. et sp. nov., holotype, habitus." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1044.62572.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/553384" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">1</figureCitation>
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). Eyes completely reduced. All body surface sparsely, very shortly and evenly pubescent, hairs mostly suberect, more distinct and denser on anterior part of head, where they directed anteriad, nearly indistinguishable on occiput, more distinct and directed posteriad on most part of both pronotum and elytra except for their anterior portions, where hairs are erect and even directed slightly anteriad. Forebody rather narrow (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 2–6" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 2 - 6. Yalongaphaenops erwini gen. et sp. nov. 2 forebody 3 right mandible 4 - 6 microsculpture: 4 occiput 5 disc of pronotum 6 disc of elytra near suture." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1044.62572.figures2-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/553385" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">2</figureCitation>
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), head nearly as wide as pronotum, elytra much wider, regularly ovate, with gently convex disk, their maximum width slightly behind mid-length, humeri distinct though rounded. Antennae and legs rather thin, moderately elongate, antennae slightly longer than elytra, third antennomere approximately twice as long as the second one. Color reddish amber, with paler testaceous elytra and three or four distal antennomeres.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1044.62572.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/553384" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="197">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Figure 1.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops erwini" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erwini">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yalongaphaenops erwini</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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gen. et sp. nov., holotype, habitus.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1044.62572.figures2-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/553385" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" start="Figures 2–6" startId="F2">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="197">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Figures 2-6.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops erwini" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erwini">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yalongaphaenops erwini</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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gen. et sp. nov.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">2</emphasis>
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forebody
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">3</emphasis>
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right mandible
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">4-6</emphasis>
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microsculpture:
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">4</emphasis>
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occiput
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">5</emphasis>
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disc of pronotum
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">6</emphasis>
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disc of elytra near suture.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="197">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Head</emphasis>
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very large, subparallel-sided, barely narrower and much longer than pronotum (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 2–6" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 2 - 6. Yalongaphaenops erwini gen. et sp. nov. 2 forebody 3 right mandible 4 - 6 microsculpture: 4 occiput 5 disc of pronotum 6 disc of elytra near suture." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1044.62572.figures2-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/553385" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">2</figureCitation>
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). Frontal furrows incomplete (normally not reaching posterior supraorbital seta), undulated, rather irregular and unevenly impressed, markedly approaching at level before anterior supraorbital pore. Frons moderately convex, with few shallow transverse impressions; occiput markedly convex. Tempora very long, rather flat, only slightly convex in posterior third, covered with sparse and evenly distributed setae which are slightly longer that other hairs of the body surface. Two supraorbital setae on each side of head located in lines faintly convergent posteriad (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 7, 8" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 7, 8. Chaetotaxy of Yalongaphaenops erwini gen. et sp. nov. 7 holotype 8 paratype." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1044.62572.figures7-8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/553386" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">7</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 7, 8" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 7, 8. Chaetotaxy of Yalongaphaenops erwini gen. et sp. nov. 7 holotype 8 paratype." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1044.62572.figures7-8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/553386" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">8</figureCitation>
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). Two clypeal setae on each side. Labrum subrectangular, markedly transverse; anterior margin nearly straight, with six setae. Mandibles short compared with head, rather stout, distinctly curved at their apical portions. Tooth on right mandible (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 2–6" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 2 - 6. Yalongaphaenops erwini gen. et sp. nov. 2 forebody 3 right mandible 4 - 6 microsculpture: 4 occiput 5 disc of pronotum 6 disc of elytra near suture." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1044.62572.figures2-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/553385" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">3</figureCitation>
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) tridentate, with basal margin rather long; proximal denticle (on site of premolar) longest, not completely isolated from the median denticle which is shortest, distal denticle medium in length, removed from both proximal denticles and separated from these by a deep and rather long emargination. Thus, the tooth is largely triangular shaped, with more prominent proximal part. Tooth on left mandible bidentate. Maxillae slender, evenly arcuate. Glossa gently produced medially, with tapered apex, and a pair of very long and thick median setae and three pairs of thinner and shorter lateral setae on each side of glossa. Paraglossae markedly projected beyond anterior margin of glossa, slightly curved, with relatively long, tiny hairs on their inner margins. Labium with deeply emarginate anterior margin, markedly produced epistomes and distinct and relatively narrow labial tooth, directed mostly anteriad and blunt or cleft at apex, its ventral surface with a callosum-like convexity proximally and oblong impression in median and distal portions. Median part of labial disk convex, bearing a couple of long and closely located setae, its proximal part deeply impressed in semi-circle, with two sensorial pores, which are only marginally larger than pores of labial setae. Labial suture distinct, clearly visible even in reflected light, nearly straight in median part and sinuate laterally. 7-8 submental setae, of which the subangular setae are rather short and located just in lateral angles of submentum at level clearly before other setae, the lateral ones longest and the median 1-2 setae shortest, only marginally longer than background hairs of the underside. All pores between lateral pores arranged in more or less regular transverse row. Both maxillary and labial palpi long and slender, their apical segments glabrous, similarly shaped, long, subfusiform, not depressed, with maximum width in basal third and attenuate apically. Penultimate segment of maxillary palpi very short (only 0.60 length of ultimate segment), with narrow basal portion and markedly dilated apical part, where it is approximately as wide as ultimate segment. Second segment of maxillary palpi clearly longer than ultimate segment and much thicker than other segments; its exterior margin evenly convex except for basal extremity, inner margin sinuate. All segments of maxillary palpi, except for ultimate one, distinctly pubescent, setae rather long, becoming denser and longer on the exterior surface and toward the segment apices; the inner surface of the penultimate segment with a few long setae; that of the second segment with only one long seta located slightly closer to the segment apex and a few very short hairs. Ultimate and penultimate segments of labial palpi of subequal length, penultimate being much thicker and clearly depressed, with maximum width in apical quarter, with four setae (proximal seta located near mid-length of the segment). Upper side of head with even and sparse pubescence lacking only in posterior part of occiput, hairs rather long, directed mostly forwards, especially in anterior part of head, becoming more erect in posterior part of head. Underside pubescent, hairs suberect, rather long and sparse much similar to those on tempora.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1044.62572.figures7-8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/553386" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" start="Figures 7, 8" startId="F3">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="197">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Figures 7, 8.</emphasis>
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Chaetotaxy of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops erwini" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erwini">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yalongaphaenops erwini</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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gen. et sp. nov.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">7</emphasis>
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holotype
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">8</emphasis>
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paratype.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="197">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Pronotum</emphasis>
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long and narrow, much longer than wide, with maximum width in apical fifth; propleura clearly visible from above. Lateral margins of pronotum rounded in anterior part, rectilinearly convergent posteriad, slightly undulated for most of their length, without distinct sinuation before hind angles. Lateral border complete, lateral groove very narrow. Front angles barely produced. Hind angles small and obtuse, pointed apically, lateral margins near hind angles markedly reflexed upward. Basal margin rectilinear medially, obliquely truncate laterally. Basal foveae small but distinct, prebasal transverse impression well developed. Only one lateral seta located in anterior fifth of pronotum, posterior one absent (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 7, 8" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 7, 8. Chaetotaxy of Yalongaphaenops erwini gen. et sp. nov. 7 holotype 8 paratype." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1044.62572.figures7-8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/553386" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">7</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 7, 8" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 7, 8. Chaetotaxy of Yalongaphaenops erwini gen. et sp. nov. 7 holotype 8 paratype." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1044.62572.figures7-8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/553386" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">8</figureCitation>
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). Lateral margins ciliated, more distinctly in anterior portion of pronotum, but even here cilia more than twice shorter than cilia on lateral margins of elytra.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="197">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Elytra</emphasis>
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with humeri rounded but distinguishable. Elytral disk subconvex; basal part of elytra with distinct impression. Lateral margins distinctly undulated and clearly ciliated, their humeral area smooth, not serrate. Marginal groove average in width, distinctly narrowed before humeri, widened in apical part. Discal striolation reduced, only inner striae continuous though shallow, at most, very slightly punctured. Apical recurrent striole short, nearly straight, directed anteriad, bordered by a short and thick carinula exteriorly. Parascutellar striole barely visible. Parascutellar setiferous pore present. Two long and thick discal setae and one similar preapical seta on each elytron, discal pores located in stria 3, preapical one in the apical cross of striae 2 and 3 markedly anteriad of anterior termination of apical recurrent striole (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 7, 8" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 7, 8. Chaetotaxy of Yalongaphaenops erwini gen. et sp. nov. 7 holotype 8 paratype." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1044.62572.figures7-8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/553386" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">7</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 7, 8" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 7, 8. Chaetotaxy of Yalongaphaenops erwini gen. et sp. nov. 7 holotype 8 paratype." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1044.62572.figures7-8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/553386" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">8</figureCitation>
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). Apical triangle of setae complete: both exterior pore and angulo-apical pore present, the former being markedly removed from apical recurrent striole and the latter attached to apical border. Umbilicate series consisting of typical fixed eight setiferous pores, divided into three groups: humeral (4 pores), median (2) and preapical (2), of which the median group is clearly shifted posteriad. Umbilicate pores 1-3 of the humeral group subequally distributed along the lateral groove and located approximately at the same distance from lateral margin while pore 4 markedly removed from pore 3 and shifted medially from lateral margin quite similarly to pore 5, which is approximately twice as distant from the lateral margin as pore 6. In the preapical group, pore 7 also shifted inward and located at level markedly before anterior termination of the apical recurrent striole. Hairs of elytral pubescence arranged mostly in one irregular longitudinal row on each interspace, all hairs suberect, becoming more adpressed posteriorly.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="197">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Prosternal processus</emphasis>
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not margined, with a few rather long setae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="197">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Abdominal sternites</emphasis>
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pubescent mostly along their posterior margins, more widely in median parts of sternites, glabrous elsewhere. One pair of long paramedian setae on each abdominal sternite and one pair of setae on last visible sternite (sternite VII) in all known male specimens markedly more spaced than paramedian setae on adjacent sternites.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="197">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Metepistenites</emphasis>
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clearly longer than wide.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="197">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
long, thin, and only slightly curved. Front tibiae without deep groove on exterior surface, only depressed there, their entire surface evenly and densely pubescent. Underside of anterior femora not grooved, without tubercle in proximal part, with three longer setae along anterior margin in their basal half and several setae along posterior margin; most of the latter are located in the basal half and one seta in distal third of femora. Male protarsi with two basal segments dilated and provided with adhesive appendages beneath, inner denticle medium-sized in first tarsomere, small in second tarsomere. Fourth tarsomeres of anterior and middle legs with a small ventral apophysis surmounted by a lanceolate hyaline appendage, strongly curved apically, this appendage markedly shorter and narrower than the fifth tarsomere.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="197">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Microsculpture</emphasis>
|
||
of body surface well developed (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 2–6" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 2 - 6. Yalongaphaenops erwini gen. et sp. nov. 2 forebody 3 right mandible 4 - 6 microsculpture: 4 occiput 5 disc of pronotum 6 disc of elytra near suture." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1044.62572.figures2-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/553385" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">4-6</figureCitation>
|
||
), upper side rather matt.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="197">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Male genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 9. Male genitalia of Yalongaphaenops erwini gen. et sp. nov. A lateral view (holotype) B dorsal view (paratype)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1044.62572.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/553387" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">9</figureCitation>
|
||
) of peculiar shape: its distal portion markedly attenuated, curved ventrally and slightly dilated apically in lateral view. Endophallus armature rather large, well sclerotized, consisting of parietal mesh and a rather large spatulate copulatory piece concave basally and rounded apically which is located in the distal half of the median lobe (without apical lamella). Parameres of medium length, rather thin and straight, left one clearly longer, each bearing four apical setae, ventral apophysis faintly protruding.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1044.62572.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/553387" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" start="Figure 9" startId="F5">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="197">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Figure 9.</emphasis>
|
||
Male genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops erwini" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erwini">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yalongaphaenops erwini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. et sp. nov.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">A</emphasis>
|
||
lateral view (holotype)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">B</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal view (paratype).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="197" type="comparisons">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Comparative notes.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Despite its medium size (body length without mandibles slightly exceeding 5 mm) and moderately elongate legs and antennae, the new genus is a rather specialized semi-aphaenopsoid trechine characterized by the hypertrophied head with frontal furrows markedly shortened posteriorly, very narrow pronotum with lateral parts of propleura visible from above and some other features commonly found in aphaenopsoid trechine beetles.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="197">
|
||
Among all blind Chinese genera of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bonelli" authorityYear="1810" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" rank="tribe" tribe="Trechini">Trechini</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the new genus seems to be the most similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tian" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Shiqianaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Shiqianaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Shiqianaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Tian, 2016 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.564.6819" author="Tian, MY" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" pagination="121 - 156" refId="B23" refString="Tian, MY, Huang, S, Wang, X, Tang, M, 2016. Contributions to the knowledge of subterranean trechine beetles in southern China's karsts: five new genera (Insecta, Coleoptera, Carabidae, Trechinae). ZooKeys 564: 121 - 156, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.564.6819" title="Contributions to the knowledge of subterranean trechine beetles in southern China's karsts: five new genera (Insecta, Coleoptera, Carabidae, Trechinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.564.6819" volume="564" year="2016">Tian et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) with two currently known species:
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. majusculus" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" rank="species" species="majusculus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">S. majusculus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Uéno">Ueno</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1999) and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. cursor" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" rank="species" species="cursor">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">S. cursor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Uéno">Ueno</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1999). Both these species were originally treated as belonging to
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="1999" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Shenaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Shenaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Shenaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Uéno">Ueno</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1999 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ueno, SI" journalOrPublisher="Elytra" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" pagination="617 - 633" refId="B27" refString="Ueno, SI, 1999a. New genera and species of aphaenopsoid trechines (Coleoptera, Trechinae) from south-central China. Elytra 27: 617 - 633" title="New genera and species of aphaenopsoid trechines (Coleoptera, Trechinae) from south-central China." volume="27" year="1999 a">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Uéno">Ueno</normalizedToken>
|
||
1999a
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The latter genus was described based on a single female specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="1999" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Shenaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Shenaphaenops humeralis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="humeralis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Shenaphaenops humeralis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Uéno">Ueno</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1999 while
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. majusculus" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" rank="species" species="majusculus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">S. majusculus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. cursor" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" rank="species" species="cursor">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">S. cursor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were later assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="1999" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Shenaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Shenaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Shenaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ueno, SI" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Speleological Society of Japan" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" pagination="41 - 50" refId="B28" refString="Ueno, SI, 1999b. Two new Shenaphaenops (Coleoptera, Trechinae) from northeastern Guizhou, South China. Journal of the Speleological Society of Japan 24: 41 - 50" title="Two new Shenaphaenops (Coleoptera, Trechinae) from northeastern Guizhou, South China." volume="24" year="1999 b">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Uéno">Ueno</normalizedToken>
|
||
1999b
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); however, he noted some important differences in characters and a gap in geographical distribution between these two species and the type species of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="1999" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Shenaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Shenaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Shenaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(the latter was found in northwestern Guizhou while the two species of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tian" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Shiqianaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Shiqianaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Shiqianaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
inhabit caves in Shiqian County in eastern Guizhou). In 2014-2015, M. Tian and colleagues visited the type locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="1999" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Shenaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Shenaphaenops humeralis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="humeralis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Shenaphaenops humeralis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and succeeded in collecting a male specimen of this species. The structure of the male protarsi provided one more clue character which allowed the Chinese author to isolate
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. majusculus" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" rank="species" species="majusculus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">S. majusculus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. cursor" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" rank="species" species="cursor">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">S. cursor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
into a new genus,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tian" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Shiqianaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Shiqianaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Shiqianaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. majusculus" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" rank="species" species="majusculus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">S. majusculus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
chosen as the type species of the genus (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.564.6819" author="Tian, MY" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" pagination="121 - 156" refId="B23" refString="Tian, MY, Huang, S, Wang, X, Tang, M, 2016. Contributions to the knowledge of subterranean trechine beetles in southern China's karsts: five new genera (Insecta, Coleoptera, Carabidae, Trechinae). ZooKeys 564: 121 - 156, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.564.6819" title="Contributions to the knowledge of subterranean trechine beetles in southern China's karsts: five new genera (Insecta, Coleoptera, Carabidae, Trechinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.564.6819" volume="564" year="2016">Tian et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="197">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yalongaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov. shares with members of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tian" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Shiqianaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Shiqianaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Shiqianaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the following combination of characters: body pubescent; head longer than pronotum; frontal furrows completely effaced posteriorly; right mandible tridentate; labial suture clearly visible; pronotum elongate; propleura visible from above; only anterolateral seta present on pronotum (posterolateral absent); elytral margins ciliated; two discal setiferous pores and one preapical pore on each elytron; umbilicate pore 1 attached to lateral groove and not clearly shifted medially; protibiae pubescent on their anterior surface and not grooved externally; two basal segments of male protarsi dilated; male sternite VII bisetose. However,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yalongaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov. differs from the above genus in the following characters: even and very short hairs of the upper side versus hairs much longer on head and pronotum than on elytra in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tian" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Shiqianaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Shiqianaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Shiqianaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; absence of the external process with ctenidium-like structure on tarsomere 1 in both sexes (a synapomorphy unique for the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tian" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Shiqianaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Shiqianaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Shiqianaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); seven-eight submental setae in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yalongaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov. vs. nine in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tian" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Shiqianaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Shiqianaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Shiqianaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; two penultimate segments of the maxillary palpi densely setose in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yalongaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov. vs. glabrous in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tian" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Shiqianaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Shiqianaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Shiqianaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; umbilicate pore 4 located much closer to umbilicate pore 3 than to umbilicate pore 5 in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yalongaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov.; angulo-apical seta present in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yalongaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov. vs. absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tian" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Shiqianaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Shiqianaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Shiqianaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; and some characters in the structure of the male genitalia: the aedeagal median lobe with lamella markedly elongated and arc-like curved ventrally (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 9. Male genitalia of Yalongaphaenops erwini gen. et sp. nov. A lateral view (holotype) B dorsal view (paratype)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1044.62572.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/553387" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">9</figureCitation>
|
||
) and parameres with 4 apical setae in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yalongaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov. vs. aedeagal apex straight and short and parameres with 3 apical setae in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tian" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Shiqianaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Shiqianaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Shiqianaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="197">
|
||
There are some other Chinese aphaenopsoid
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bonelli" authorityYear="1810" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" rank="tribe" tribe="Trechini">Trechini</taxonomicName>
|
||
genera demonstrating certain affinities with
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yalongaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="197">
|
||
First of all, the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="2002" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Boreaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Boreaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Boreaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Uéno">Ueno</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 2002 is worth noting (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ueno, SI" journalOrPublisher="Elytra" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" pagination="411 - 419" refId="B31" refString="Ueno, SI, 2002. A new genus and species of aphaenopsoid trechine beetle from the northern side of the Yangtze River. Elytra 30: 411 - 419" title="A new genus and species of aphaenopsoid trechine beetle from the northern side of the Yangtze River." volume="30" year="2002">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Uéno">Ueno</normalizedToken>
|
||
2002
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The genus currently includes two species:
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. angustus" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" rank="species" species="angustus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">B. angustus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Uéno">Ueno</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 2002 from western Hubei and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. liyuani" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" rank="species" species="liyuani">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">B. liyuani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Tian & He, 2020 from northeastern extremity of Sichuan. The latter species is known only from one female specimen and placed into the genus by the authors with some reservations, since the two species show differences of generic importance (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1008.61040" author="Tian, MY" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" pagination="61 - 91" refId="B19" refString="Tian, MY, He, L, 2020. A contribution to the knowledge of cavernicolous ground beetles from Sichuan Province, southwestern China (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Trechini, Platynini). ZooKeys 1008: 61 - 91, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1008.61040" title="A contribution to the knowledge of cavernicolous ground beetles from Sichuan Province, southwestern China (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Trechini, Platynini)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1008.61040" volume="1008" year="2020">Tian and He 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). For these reasons, we, first, analyze differences separately for each of these species and then make a general conclusion.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="2002" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Boreaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Boreaphaenops angustus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angustus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Boreaphaenops angustus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shares with
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yalongaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov. the similar size and body shape, which is elongate and rather flat, with slender appendages and rather stout mandibles. Both taxa are characterized by the following features: frontal furrows shortened posteriorly; two segments of male protarsi dilated; whole body including tempora, evenly pubescent, although hairs are sparser and shorter in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="Y. erwini" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" rank="species" species="erwini">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Y. erwini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. et sp. nov.; barrel-shaped pronotum with very narrow lateral groove and sides without distinct sinuation before obtuse hind angles, six longer submental setae, similar aggregate state of the humeral umbilicate pores which are located one after another along lateral groove of elytra. Conversely, the new genus differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. angustus" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" rank="species" species="angustus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">B. angustus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in some important morphological traits: only two supraorbital setae on each side (posterior pores redoubled in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. angustus" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" rank="species" species="angustus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">B. angustus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), absence of posterior lateral setae on pronotum; two discal setiferous pores on elytra (apart from the preapical pore) vs. three in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. angustus" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" rank="species" species="angustus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">B. angustus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; pubescent maxillary palpi (except for ultimate segment) vs. maxillary palpi glabrous in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Boreaphaenops." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Boreaphaenops." order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Boreaphaenops.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
The median lobe of aedeagus is much stouter, with apical portion markedly curved ventrally vs. distinctly curved dorsally in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. angustus" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" rank="species" species="angustus">B. angustus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="H.e.Tian" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Boreaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Boreaphaenops liyuani" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="liyuani">Boreaphaenops liyuani</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yalongaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov. in appearance: antennae, legs and mandibles are much longer (antennae nearly twice as long as elytra while approximately as long as elytra in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yalongaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, mandibles slender, parallel-sided in their middle portion vs. gradually tapered in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yalongaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The pattern of the integumental pubescence is quite different: head and elytra markedly pubescent while pronotum is glabrous vs. uniform, even and very short pubescence of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yalongaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, abdominal sternites glabrous vs. sparsely pubescent; humeri reduced vs. distinct; maxillary palpi glabrous, slender, with the penultimate segment slightly longer than the ultimate segment while maxillary palpi markedly pubescent except for the last segment, with penultimate segment clearly shorter than the ultimate one in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yalongaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; very long penultimate segment of labial palpi vs. both ultimate segments of equal length in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yalongaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, mentum and submentum fused as opposed to distinct labial suture in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yalongaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 10 vs. 6 long submental setae, glabrous lateral margins of elytra vs. ciliate in its counterpart, presence of two lateral setae on each side of pronotum, only one discal seta on elytra, two pairs of paramedian setae vs. one pair on sternites IV-VI and in many other characters of minor importance. To summarize,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yalongaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from both members of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="2002" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Boreaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Boreaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Boreaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in much shorter appendages, absence of posterior lateral setae of pronotum, different shape and chaetotaxy of maxillary palpi and other pattern of body pubescence. On the other hand, some character states such as the barrel-shaped pronotum with narrow lateral groove, the partially overlapping chaetotaxy patterns of head and elytra suggest that all three species may belong to one phyletic line.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="197">
|
||
Four species of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="2000" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Qianotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Qianotrechus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Qianotrechus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Uéno">Ueno</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 2000 are described from northeastern Guizhou, one more species from southeastern Sichuan (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ueno, SI" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Speleological Society of Japan" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" pagination="1 - 38" refId="B29" refString="Ueno, SI, 2000a. New cave trechines (Coleoptera, Trechinae) from northeastern Guizhou, south China. Journal of the Speleological Society of Japan 25: 1 - 38" title="New cave trechines (Coleoptera, Trechinae) from northeastern Guizhou, south China." volume="25" year="2000 a">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Uéno">Ueno</normalizedToken>
|
||
2000a
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ueno, SI" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Speleological Society of Japan" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" pagination="12 - 18" refId="B32" refString="Ueno, SI, 2003a. Two new cave trechines of the genus Qianotrechus (Coleoptera, Trechinae). Journal of the Speleological Society of Japan 28: 12 - 18" title="Two new cave trechines of the genus Qianotrechus (Coleoptera, Trechinae)." volume="28" year="2003 a">2003a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="Q. (Jinfotrechus) grebennikovi" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" rank="species" species="grebennikovi" subGenus="Jinfotrechus">Q. (Jinfotrechus) grebennikovi</taxonomicName>
|
||
Deuve from Chongqing Province (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Deuve, Th" journalOrPublisher="Coleopteres" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" pagination="5 - 12" refId="B7" refString="Deuve, Th, 2014. Deux nouveaux Trechini anophthalmes de Chine, du milieu souterrain superficiel et de la faune du sol (Coleoptera, Caraboidea). Coleopteres 20: 5 - 12" title="Deux nouveaux Trechini anophthalmes de Chine, du milieu souterrain superficiel et de la faune du sol (Coleoptera, Caraboidea)." volume="20" year="2014">Deuve 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The species from Sichuan was later isolated into its own genus
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Uenoaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Uenoaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Uenoaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Tian & He, 2020.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yalongaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov. readily differs from members of this genus in the following characters: whole dorsum evenly pubescent, although hairs are very short and barely distinguishable (vs. only lateral portions of elytra pubescent in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="2000" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Qianotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Qianotrechus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Qianotrechus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); labial suture well developed; 6 fixed submental setae (vs. 10-15 in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="2000" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Qianotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Qianotrechus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Qianotrechus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); two penultimate segments of maxillary palpi setose (glabrous in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="2000" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Qianotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Qianotrechus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Qianotrechus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); the first umbilicate pore is not shifted medially; only two paramedian setae on abdominal sternites (vs. two pairs), and foretibiae without longitudinal groove on their exterior surface vs. nearly bicarinate in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="2000" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Qianotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Qianotrechus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Qianotrechus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ueno, SI" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Speleological Society of Japan" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" pagination="1 - 38" refId="B29" refString="Ueno, SI, 2000a. New cave trechines (Coleoptera, Trechinae) from northeastern Guizhou, south China. Journal of the Speleological Society of Japan 25: 1 - 38" title="New cave trechines (Coleoptera, Trechinae) from northeastern Guizhou, south China." volume="25" year="2000 a">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Uéno">Ueno</normalizedToken>
|
||
2000a
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ueno, SI" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Speleological Society of Japan" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" pagination="12 - 18" refId="B32" refString="Ueno, SI, 2003a. Two new cave trechines of the genus Qianotrechus (Coleoptera, Trechinae). Journal of the Speleological Society of Japan 28: 12 - 18" title="Two new cave trechines of the genus Qianotrechus (Coleoptera, Trechinae)." volume="28" year="2003 a">2003a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Bearing in mind that the species of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="2000" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Qianotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Qianotrechus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Qianotrechus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are extremely variable in some taxonomically important characters, such as the number of pronotal lateral setae and presence or absence of the preapical pore on elytra, the aforementioned characters need to be assessed for their relevancy. In this context, the difference in the number of submental setae and pubescence of the two penultimate segments of the maxillary palpi seem to be of greater importance and allow suggesting that these two genera are not closely related. On the other hand, it is worth noting that the apical portion of the aedeagal median lobe is slightly curved downward in members of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="2000" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Qianotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Qianotrechus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Qianotrechus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, more so in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="Q. magnicollis" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" rank="species" species="magnicollis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Q. magnicollis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Uéno">Ueno</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 2000, recalling a peculiar shape of the aedeagal lamella in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yalongaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="197">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="2000" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Qianaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Qianaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Qianaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Uéno">Ueno</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 2000 is another aphaenopsoid genus characterized by two basal tarsomeres dilated in male protarsi and some other characters shared with
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yalongaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov. This genus is described from northeastern Guizhou and currently includes six species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ueno, SI" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Speleological Society of Japan" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" pagination="1 - 38" refId="B29" refString="Ueno, SI, 2000a. New cave trechines (Coleoptera, Trechinae) from northeastern Guizhou, south China. Journal of the Speleological Society of Japan 25: 1 - 38" title="New cave trechines (Coleoptera, Trechinae) from northeastern Guizhou, south China." volume="25" year="2000 a">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Uéno">Ueno</normalizedToken>
|
||
2000a
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Tian, MY" journalOrPublisher="Cave and Karst Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" pagination="66 - 71" refId="B18" refString="Tian, MY, Clarke, AK, 2012. A new eyeless species of cave-dwelling trechine beetle from northeastern Guizhou Province, China (Insecta: Coleoptera: Carabidae: Trechinae). Cave and Karst Science 39: 66 - 71" title="A new eyeless species of cave-dwelling trechine beetle from northeastern Guizhou Province, China (Insecta: Coleoptera: Carabidae: Trechinae)." volume="39" year="2012">Tian and Clarke 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Tian, MY" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Entomological Research Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" pagination="25 - 37" refId="B22" refString="Tian, MY, Huang, SB, Wang, XH, 2015. New Cavernicolous Trechine Beetles from Eastern Guizhou Province, China (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Trechinae). Journal of Entomological Research Society 17: 25 - 37" title="New Cavernicolous Trechine Beetles from Eastern Guizhou Province, China (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Trechinae)." volume="17" year="2015">Tian et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Members of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="2000" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Qianaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Qianaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Qianaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yalongaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov. in the following characters: labial suture more or less developed; body pubescence variable enough to overlap completely the
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yalongaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov. pattern; visible abdominal sternites 3-5 with only a pair of paramedian setae; umbilicate pore 1 not clearly shifted medially in one species (
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="Q. longicornis" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" rank="species" species="longicornis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Q. longicornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Uéno">Ueno</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 2000) and protibiae flat or only gently grooved on their exterior surface. On the other hand,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="2000" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Qianaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Qianaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Qianaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yalongaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov. in some important characters: 9-12 submental setae; presence of the posterior pronotal seta, glabrous maxillary palpi and straight apical portion of the aedeagal median lobe. Additionally, these two genera strikingly differ in the pronotal shape: the propleura are clearly visible from above in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yalongaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov. while the lateral portions of pronotum are more developed in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="2000" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Qianaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Qianaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Qianaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and cover completely the propleura from above.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="197">
|
||
The monotypic genus
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Uenoaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Uenoaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Uenoaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Tian & He, 2020 from southeastern Sichuan is easily distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yalongaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov. in the following set of characters: different shape of body with much wider elytra, male protarsi simple, 12 submental setae, serrate humeral margins of elytra and unusual shape of male genitalia with apical portion sharply truncate (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1008.61040" author="Tian, MY" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" pagination="61 - 91" refId="B19" refString="Tian, MY, He, L, 2020. A contribution to the knowledge of cavernicolous ground beetles from Sichuan Province, southwestern China (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Trechini, Platynini). ZooKeys 1008: 61 - 91, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1008.61040" title="A contribution to the knowledge of cavernicolous ground beetles from Sichuan Province, southwestern China (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Trechini, Platynini)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1008.61040" volume="1008" year="2020">Tian and He 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="197">
|
||
Seven taxa of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="2006" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Aspidaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aspidaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Aspidaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Uéno">Ueno</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 2006 known from Guizhou and eastern Yunnan also share some important characters with
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yalongaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: two segments dilated in male protarsi; frontal furrows incomplete; posterior lateral seta lacking on pronotum, approximately the same number of submental setae (6-7) and similar number and position of discal setiferous pores on elytra. However,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yalongaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov. readily differs in the following character states: integument pubescent vs. glabrous in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="2006" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Aspidaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aspidaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Aspidaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; rather short legs and antennae, the latter not reaching the apex of elytra while clearly extending beyond this level in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="2006" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Aspidaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aspidaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Aspidaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; head less elongate, with much stouter mandibles, tooth on the right mandible of different shape, with longer base and reduced distal portion (distal cusp much shorter than proximal one); mentum and submentum not fused; different structure of the pronotum with lateral groove reduced and not clearly dilated as well as propleura clearly visible from above; umbilicate pore 1 attached to the lateral groove of elytra vs. more or less shifted inward onto the elytral disc in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="2006" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Aspidaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aspidaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Aspidaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The male genitalia differ in the apical portion curved ventrally and endophallus armature large and well sclerotized in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yalongaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
while the apical portion of the median lobe hooked dorsally and the endophallus armature poorly sclerotized in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="2006" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Aspidaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aspidaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Aspidaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ueno, SI" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Speleological Society of Japan" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" pagination="1 - 27" refId="B35" refString="Ueno, SI, 2006b. Cave Trechines from southwestern Guizhou, south China, with notes on some taxa of the Guizhaphaenops complex (Coleoptera, Trechinae). Journal of the Speleological Society of Japan 31: 1 - 27" title="Cave Trechines from southwestern Guizhou, south China, with notes on some taxa of the Guizhaphaenops complex (Coleoptera, Trechinae)." volume="31" year="2006 b">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Uéno">Ueno</normalizedToken>
|
||
2006b
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4422.2.5" author="Tian, MY" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" pagination="244 - 258" refId="B21" refString="Tian, MY, Huang, SB, 2018. Contribution to the knowledge of the cavernicolous beetle genus Aspidaphaenops Ueno from Guizhou (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Trechinae). Zootaxa 4422 (2): 244 - 258, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4422.2.5" title="Contribution to the knowledge of the cavernicolous beetle genus Aspidaphaenops Ueno from Guizhou (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Trechinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4422.2.5" volume="4422" year="2018">Tian and Huang 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.32475/bsef_2121" author="Deuve, Th" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe entomologique de France" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" pagination="7 - 12" refId="B10" refString="Deuve, Th, Tian, MY, 2020. Deux nouveaux Aspidaphaenops Ueno, 2006, de l'est du Yunnan, aux confins du Guizhou (Coleoptera, Caraboidea, Trechidae). Bulletin de la Societe entomologique de France 125: 7 - 12, DOI: https://doi.org/10.32475/bsef_2121" title="Deux nouveaux Aspidaphaenops Ueno, 2006, de l'est du Yunnan, aux confins du Guizhou (Coleoptera, Caraboidea, Trechidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.32475/bsef_2121" volume="125" year="2020">Deuve and Tian 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="197">
|
||
Apart from a taxonomic approach, it seems justifiable to take a closer look at some hypogean trechines known from the geographical areas located near the discovery site of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yalongaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov. within Sichuan and Yunnan provinces. All these areas are known as remarkable hotspots (e.g., see
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.407.7353" author="Deuve, Th" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" pagination="341 - 455" refId="B9" refString="Deuve, Th, Kavanaugh, DH, Liang, H, 2016. Inventory of the carabid beetle fauna of the Gaoligong Mountains, western Yunnan Province, China: species of the tribe Trechini (Coleoptera: Caraboidea), with descriptions of four new genera, one new subgenus and 19 new species. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 63: 341 - 455, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.407.7353" title="Inventory of the carabid beetle fauna of the Gaoligong Mountains, western Yunnan Province, China: species of the tribe Trechini (Coleoptera: Caraboidea), with descriptions of four new genera, one new subgenus and 19 new species." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.407.7353" volume="63" year="2016">Deuve et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) of biodiversity of terrestrial
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bonelli" authorityYear="1810" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" rank="tribe" tribe="Trechini">Trechini</taxonomicName>
|
||
but seem to be rather poor so far in hypogean members of the tribe.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="197">
|
||
In Sichuan, in addition to the taxa considered earlier, there are only a few true specialized hypogean genera including one endemic genus,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Deuve" authorityYear="2005" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Sichuanotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sichuanotrechus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Sichuanotrechus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Deuve, 2005, with five species known so far from the northern part of the province (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Deuve, Th" journalOrPublisher="Revue francaise d'Entomologie (NS)" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" pagination="5 - 16" refId="B6" refString="Deuve, Th, 2005. Description de Trechini nouveaux de Chine, de Sumatra, du Vietnam, du Nepal et de l'Afrique orientale (Coleoptera, Caraboidea, Trechidae). Revue francaise d'Entomologie (NS) 27: 5 - 16" title="Description de Trechini nouveaux de Chine, de Sumatra, du Vietnam, du Nepal et de l'Afrique orientale (Coleoptera, Caraboidea, Trechidae)." volume="27" year="2005">Deuve 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ueno, SI" journalOrPublisher="Elytra" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" pagination="257 - 266" refId="B34" refString="Ueno, SI, 2006a. Two new trechines of the genus Sichuanotrechus (Coleoptera, Trechini), with notes on its type species. Elytra 34: 257 - 266" title="Two new trechines of the genus Sichuanotrechus (Coleoptera, Trechini), with notes on its type species." volume="34" year="2006 a">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Uéno">Ueno</normalizedToken>
|
||
2006a
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ueno, SI" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Speleological Society of Japan" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" pagination="6 - 10" refId="B36" refString="Ueno, SI, 2008. A new species of the trechine genus Sichuanotrechus (Coleoptera, Trechinae), with a new record of Sichuanotrechus albidraconis. Journal of the Speleological Society of Japan 33: 6 - 10" title="A new species of the trechine genus Sichuanotrechus (Coleoptera, Trechinae), with a new record of Sichuanotrechus albidraconis." volume="33" year="2008">2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1649/0010-065X-69.4.727" author="Huang, SB" journalOrPublisher="The Coleopterists Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" pagination="727 - 733" refId="B13" refString="Huang, SB, Tian, MY, 2015. New species and new record of subterranean trechine beetle (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Trechinae) from southwestern China. The Coleopterists Bulletin 69: 727 - 733, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1649/0010-065X-69.4.727" title="New species and new record of subterranean trechine beetle (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Trechinae) from southwestern China." url="https://doi.org/10.1649/0010-065X-69.4.727" volume="69" year="2015">Huang and Tian 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Members of this genus can be easily distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yalongaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov. by: frontal furrows more or less complete; pronotum with lateral portions well developed, propleura not visible from above, and upper side mostly glabrous.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="197">
|
||
Quite recently, one more genus
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="H.e.Tian" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Chu" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chu" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Chu</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Tian & He, 2020 with a single species,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="Ch. pheggomisetoides" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" rank="species" species="pheggomisetoides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Ch. pheggomisetoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Tian & He, 2020, was described from the northeastern part of the province. It is an isolated genus, readily differing from
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yalongaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in peculiarly shaped pronotum with large and acute hind angles, 8 submental setae, umbilicate pore 1 clearly shifted inward and unusual elongate shape of the median lobe (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1008.61040" author="Tian, MY" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" pagination="61 - 91" refId="B19" refString="Tian, MY, He, L, 2020. A contribution to the knowledge of cavernicolous ground beetles from Sichuan Province, southwestern China (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Trechini, Platynini). ZooKeys 1008: 61 - 91, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1008.61040" title="A contribution to the knowledge of cavernicolous ground beetles from Sichuan Province, southwestern China (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Trechini, Platynini)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1008.61040" volume="1008" year="2020">Tian and He 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="197">
|
||
Apart from the above genera, there are only a few anophthalmoid taxa such as
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Deuve" authorityYear="1995" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Duvalioblemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Duvalioblemus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Duvalioblemus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Deuve, 1995 including one species which is known only from caves so far;
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Duvalioblemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Duvalioblemus (Shublemus) liyuani" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="liyuani" subGenus="Shublemus">Duvalioblemus (Shublemus) liyuani</taxonomicName>
|
||
Deuve, He & Tian, 2020 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00379271.2020.1722748" author="Deuve, Th" journalOrPublisher=")" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" pagination="93 - 105" refId="B8" refString="Deuve, Th, He, L, Tian, M, 2020. Descriptions of the first semi-aphenopsian troglobiotic Patrobini and of a new anophthalmic cave-dwelling Trechini from central Sichuan, China (Coleoptera: Caraboidea). Annales de la Societe entomologique de France (N.S.) 56 (2): 93 - 105, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00379271.2020.1722748" title="Descriptions of the first semi-aphenopsian troglobiotic Patrobini and of a new anophthalmic cave-dwelling Trechini from central Sichuan, China (Coleoptera: Caraboidea). Annales de la Societe entomologique de France (N. S." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00379271.2020.1722748" volume="56" year="2020">Deuve et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="197">
|
||
Yunnan Province is also rather poor in blind subterranean trechines. Apart from genera discussed above, there are only a few other taxa known so far:
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tian" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Dianotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dianotrechus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Dianotrechus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Tian, 2016 with one anophthalmic species; a few species of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Vigna Taglianti" authorityYear="1997" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Guizhaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Guizhaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Guizhaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Vigna Tagliani, 1997; the monotypic
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="1997" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Junaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Junaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Junaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Uéno">Ueno</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1997 from eastern Yunnan; two troglobitic species of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="2003" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Shilinotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Shilinotrechus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Shilinotrechus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Uéno">Ueno</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 2003; and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tian & Huang" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yunotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yunotrechus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yunotrechus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Tian & Huang, 2014 with a single troglobitic species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="197">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yalongaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov. differs from the only species known of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tian" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Dianotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dianotrechus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Dianotrechus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="D. gueorguievi" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" rank="species" species="gueorguievi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">D. gueorguievi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Tian, 2016, first of all, in its semi-aphenopsoid appearance (vs. anophthalmoid in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tian" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Dianotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dianotrechus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Dianotrechus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
): much larger size; longer appendages; frontal furrows incomplete, effaced posteriorly; pronotum elongate, not quadrate; lateral portions of propleura visible from above; prehumeral margins of elytra oblique (perpendicular, even forming a re-entrant angle in the counterpart); pubescence uniform and rather short of the upper side (vs. only a few fine hairs on pronotum coupled with rather long hairs evenly distributed on elytra in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tian" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Dianotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dianotrechus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Dianotrechus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); maxillary palpi clearly setose (only two tiny setae near the apex of the penultimate antennomere in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tian" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Dianotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dianotrechus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Dianotrechus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); submentum not fused with mentum; only one (anterolateral) setiferous pore present on the pronotum; umbilicate pore 5 is not shifted anteriad (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.564.6819" author="Tian, MY" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" pagination="121 - 156" refId="B23" refString="Tian, MY, Huang, S, Wang, X, Tang, M, 2016. Contributions to the knowledge of subterranean trechine beetles in southern China's karsts: five new genera (Insecta, Coleoptera, Carabidae, Trechinae). ZooKeys 564: 121 - 156, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.564.6819" title="Contributions to the knowledge of subterranean trechine beetles in southern China's karsts: five new genera (Insecta, Coleoptera, Carabidae, Trechinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.564.6819" volume="564" year="2016">Tian et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="197">
|
||
The only known species of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="1997" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Junaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Junaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Junaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="J. tumidipennis" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" rank="species" species="tumidipennis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">J. tumidipennis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Uéno">Ueno</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1997, is rather similar externally to
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yalongaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov.: both taxa are of approximately the same size and have the similar pubescence and appearance except for
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="1997" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Junaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Junaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Junaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is more robust, especially as far as the shape of elytra is concerned. However these two taxa differ in many important characters: umbilicate pore 1 is markedly shifted inward and backward and located at level behind umbilicate pore 2 in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="1997" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Junaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Junaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Junaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
while all humeral umbilicate pores are arranged in a regular row in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yalongaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov.; only one basal segment dilated of male protarsi in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="1997" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Junaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Junaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Junaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
vs. two basal segments dilated in the counterpart; the penultimate segment of maxillary palpi glabrous, with only a couple of tiny hairs near the apex in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="1997" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Junaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Junaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Junaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
while it is clearly multisetose in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yalongaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov.; two lateral setiferous pores on each side of pronotum in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="1997" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Junaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Junaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Junaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
vs. posterior lateral setiferous pore absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yalongaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov. (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ueno, SI" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Speleological Society of Japan" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" pagination="14 - 23" refId="B26" refString="Ueno, SI, 1997. A new aphaenopsoid trechine beetle (Coleoptera, Trechinae) from Yunnan, southern China. Journal of the Speleological Society of Japan 22: 14 - 23" title="A new aphaenopsoid trechine beetle (Coleoptera, Trechinae) from Yunnan, southern China." volume="22" year="1997">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Uéno">Ueno</normalizedToken>
|
||
1997
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="197">
|
||
The genus
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="2003" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Shilinotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Shilinotrechus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Shilinotrechus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Uéno">Ueno</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 2003 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ueno, SI" journalOrPublisher="Elytra" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" pagination="245 - 252" refId="B33" refString="Ueno, SI, 2003b. A new genus and species of extraordinary cave trechine (Coleoptera, Trechinae) from eastern Yunnan, Southwest China. Elytra 31: 245 - 252" title="A new genus and species of extraordinary cave trechine (Coleoptera, Trechinae) from eastern Yunnan, Southwest China." volume="31" year="2003 b">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Uéno">Ueno</normalizedToken>
|
||
2003b
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) currently includes two species of strange appearance, very unusual for hypogean trechines. The type species of the genus,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="Sh. fusiformis" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" rank="species" species="fusiformis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Sh. fusiformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Uéno">Ueno</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 2003, was described from Shilin Xian, eastern Yunnan, while the second species,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="Sh. intricatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" rank="species" species="intricatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Sh. intricatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Huang & Tian, 2015 - from Kunming vicinity, also Yunnan Province. Members of this genus easily differ from
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yalongaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov. in the trapezoid pronotum with wide lateral groove and anterior angles clearly produced; two lateral setae on each side of pronotum; indistinct scutellum and elytra very broad at basal half, with margins slightly serrate in basal portion; only one dilated segment in male prorarsi; 10 submental setae, and some other characters of minor importance.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="197">
|
||
The only species known of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tian & Huang" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yunotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yunotrechus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yunotrechus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="Y. diannanensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" rank="species" species="diannanensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Y. diannanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Tian & Huang, 2014, readily differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yalongaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov. in its anophthalmoid appearance; mostly glabrous surface of the upper side; basal segments not dilated of male protarsi; mentum and submentum completely fused and some other characters (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00379271.2014.984958" author="Tian, MY" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France (NS)" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" pagination="295 - 300" refId="B20" refString="Tian, MY, Huang, SB, 2014. Yunotrechus diannanensis n. gen., n. spec., the first troglobitic trechine (Coleoptera: Carabidae) from a tropical area of China. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France (NS) 50: 295 - 300, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00379271.2014.984958" title="Yunotrechus diannanensis n. gen., n. spec., the first troglobitic trechine (Coleoptera: Carabidae) from a tropical area of China." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00379271.2014.984958" volume="50" year="2014">Tian and Huang 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="197">
|
||
The genus
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Vigna Taglianti" authorityYear="1997" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Guizhaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Guizhaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Guizhaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Vigna Taglianti, 1997 includes now two subgenera, of which one species of the nominate subgenus and all three taxa of the
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Semiaphaenops" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Guizhaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="(Semiaphaenops) subsp. subgenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Semiaphaenops">subgenus Semiaphaenops</taxonomicName>
|
||
Deuve, 2000 were found in Yunnan. From all these taxa,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yalongaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov. differs in two basal segments of foretarsi dilated in male; the pronotum much more elongate, with maximum width markedly before mid-length and propleura visible from above; umbilicate pore 1 attached to lateral gutter of elytra, and more or less even pubescence of pronotum and elytra (lateral areas of elytra more distinctly pubescent in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Vigna Taglianti" authorityYear="1997" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Guizhaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Guizhaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Guizhaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), etc. (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5038/1827-806X.25.1.3" author="Vigna Taglianti, A" journalOrPublisher="International Journal of Speleology" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" pagination="33 - 41" refId="B37" refString="Vigna Taglianti, A, 1997. A new genus and species of troglobitic Trechinae (Coleoptera, Carabidae) from southern China. International Journal of Speleology 25 (1996): 33 - 41, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5038/1827-806X.25.1.3" title="A new genus and species of troglobitic Trechinae (Coleoptera, Carabidae) from southern China." url="https://doi.org/10.5038/1827-806X.25.1.3" volume="25" year="1997">Vigna Taglianti 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Deuve, Th" journalOrPublisher="Revue francaise d'Entomologie (NS)" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" pagination="151 - 161" refId="B5" refString="Deuve, Th, 2000. Nouveaux Trechidae cavernicoles chinois, decouverts dans les confins carstiques du Sichuan, du Hubei et du Yunnan (Coleoptera, Adephaga). Revue francaise d'Entomologie (NS) 21 (1999): 151 - 161" title="Nouveaux Trechidae cavernicoles chinois, decouverts dans les confins carstiques du Sichuan, du Hubei et du Yunnan (Coleoptera, Adephaga)." volume="21" year="2000">Deuve 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ueno, SI" journalOrPublisher="The Japanese Society of Coleopterology" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" pagination="247 - 264" refId="B30" refString="Ueno, SI, 2000b. Notes on Guizhaphaenops (Coleoptera, Trechinae), with descriptions of two new species. The Japanese Society of Coleopterology 28: 247 - 264" title="Notes on Guizhaphaenops (Coleoptera, Trechinae), with descriptions of two new species." volume="28" year="2000 b">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Uéno">Ueno</normalizedToken>
|
||
2000b
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="197">
|
||
Finally,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yalongaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov. should be compared to
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="1980" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Himalaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Himalaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Himalaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Uéno">Ueno</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1980 with one known species,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="H. nishikawai" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" rank="species" species="nishikawai">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">H. nishikawai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Uéno">Ueno</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1980, which is the only hypogean trechine species found so far at an elevation exceeding 2700 m (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ueno, SI" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Speleological Society of Japan" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" pagination="13 - 20" refId="B24" refString="Ueno, SI, 1980. Occurrence of an eyeless trechine beetle in the Nepal Himalaya. Journal of the Speleological Society of Japan 5: 13 - 20" title="Occurrence of an eyeless trechine beetle in the Nepal Himalaya." volume="5" year="1980">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Uéno">Ueno</normalizedToken>
|
||
1980
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yalongaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov. easily differs from this genus in the following set of characters: body surface shortly pubescent vs. glabrous in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="1980" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Himalaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Himalaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Himalaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; foretibiae densely pubescent on anterior surface, without distinct groove on external surface vs. sharply grooved and glabrous in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="1980" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Himalaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Himalaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Himalaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; penultimate segment of maxillary palpi multisetose vs. glabrous; shape of pronotum much more evolved, with propleura visible from above and sides without deep emargination before hind angles; posterior lateral seta of pronotum missing; umbilicate pore 1 not shifted inward and backward onto disc of elytra and apical portion of aedeagus attenuated, dilated and curved ventrally vs. the oblique button-like apex in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="1980" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Himalaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Himalaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Himalaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="197">
|
||
To summarize,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Yalongaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Yalongaphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Yalongaphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov. does not seem to show direct relationships with any other hypogean genera of East Asia, and can be easily identified based on the two proximal segments dilated in male protarsi; penultimate segment of maxillary palpi clearly setose; and elytra with umbilicate pore 1 attached to lateral groove, the preapical pore present and two discal setiferous pores in stria 3.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="197" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="197">
|
||
The genus epithet derives from the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Aphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphaenops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="197">Aphaenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Bonvouloir, 1862 and the river Yalong.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |