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<mods:title id="F8B2620DFCBB849902964D00AF0C0A32">Reassessment of the classification of the Ophiuroidea (Echinodermata), based on morphological characters. I. General character evaluation and delineation of the families Ophiomyxidae and Ophiacanthidae 2697</mods:title>
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<heading id="6F035F6EFFFC5200FF48FB6B8669FB1F" bold="true" box="[151,614,1159,1185]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" reason="1">
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Genus
<taxonomicName id="F3F49381FFFC5200FF31FB6B8669FB1F" ID-CoL="7PQZ3" authority="H. L. Clark, 1911" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1911" box="[238,614,1159,1185]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophioscolecidae" genus="Ophiophrura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophioscolecida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06803410FFFC5200FF31FB6B8581FB1F" bold="true" box="[238,398,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Ophiophrura</emphasis>
H.L.
<bibRefCitation id="506595F3FFFC5200FE0AFB6B8669FB1F" author="Clark, H. L." box="[469,614,1159,1185]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" pagination="1 - 302" refId="ref85928" refString="Clark, H. L. (1911) North Pacific Ophiurans in the collection of the United States National Museum. Bulletin of the United States National Museum 75, 1 - 302." type="journal article" year="1911">Clark, 1911</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="7CEEBB89FFFC5200FF48FB468564FB7A" box="[151,363,1194,1220]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="description">
<paragraph id="344BE802FFFC5200FF48FB468564FB7A" blockId="74.[151,614,1159,1220]" box="[151,363,1194,1220]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
<figureCitation id="ACCFF487FFFC5200FF48FB46851AFB7A" box="[151,277,1194,1220]" captionStart="FIGURE 51" captionStartId="75.[151,255,1758,1782]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,567,1737]" captionTargetId="figure-259@75.[158,1428,567,1737]" captionTargetPageId="75" captionText="FIGURE 51. Ophiophrura liodisca H.L. Clark, 1911, holotype USNM 25672, 8 mm dd, external views and details. A. dorsal view; B. ventral view; C. details of the disk showing small radial shields (rsh); D. ventro-lateral view showing long genital slits; E. close up of oral frame showing long club-shaped adoral shield papillae and spiniform teeth; F. hollow proximal spine, transversally sectioned; G. spine; H-I, arm spine articulations, proximal segments; J. proximal vertebra, dorsal view; K. same, ventral view; L. same, proximal view; M. same, distal view; N. spine, ventral view. Scale bars: F, 30 µ; H–I, 100 µ; J–L, 300 µ.; M, 100 µ; N, 30 µ. Photos: A–E Tatiana Korshunova; F–N Alexander Martynov." pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Figures 51</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="ACCFF487FFFC5200FEFDFB46854DFB7A" box="[290,322,1194,1220]" captionStart="FIGURE 52" captionStartId="76.[151,255,1590,1614]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,194,1569]" captionTargetId="figure-217@76.[158,1428,194,1569]" captionTargetPageId="76" captionText="FIGURE 52. Ophiophrura tripapillata (Stöhr &amp; Segonzac, 2005) comb.nov. (A–B, D–E, holotype MNHN EcOs 22795, 10 mm dd), Ophiophrura imperfecta (H.L. Clark, 1915) comb.nov. (F, H–J, holotype MSZ 2167, ca. 7 mm dd), and Ophiophrura liodisca H.L. Clark, 1911, holotype USNM 25672, 8 mm dd (C, G). A, H, dorsal view; B, G, I, ventral views; C, F, dorsal disk details; D-E, G, J, arm segments, ventral views, details showing pattern of several tentacle scales. A–B, D–E Sabine Stöhr; C, G Tatiana Korshunova; F, H, I–J Alexander Martynov." pageId="74" pageNumber="75">52</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="ACCFF487FFFC5200FE91FB468564FB7A" box="[334,363,1194,1220]" captionStart="FIGURE 53" captionStartId="77.[151,255,1878,1902]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,607,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-236@77.[158,1428,607,1856]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="FIGURE 53. Ophiophrura tripapillata (Stöhr &amp; Segonzac, 2005) comb. nov., paratype NI-1016, 4 mm dd, details. A. lateral arm plate, middle segments, showing arm spine articulations; B–E, arm spine articulations, middle segments, details; F. hollow middle spine, transversally sectioned; G. spine; H. same, ventral view; I. middle vertebra, distal view; J. same, dorsal view; K. same, ventral view. Scale bars: A, C, E, G, I–K, 100 µ; B, F, H, 30 µ. Photos: Alexander Martynov." pageId="74" pageNumber="75">53</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="7CEEBB89FFFC5200FF48FB198692FA92" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="344BE802FFFC5200FF48FB19861BFAB2" blockId="74.[151,875,1269,1356]" box="[151,532,1269,1292]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="14E4CF2CFFFC5200FF48FB19861BFAB2" box="[151,532,1269,1292]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
<treatmentCitation id="B555CE13FFFC5200FF48FB19861BFAB2" author="Clark, H. L." box="[151,532,1269,1292]" page="249" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" year="1911">
<taxonomicName id="F3F49381FFFC5200FF48FB19861BFAB2" ID-CoL="7PQZ3" authority="H. L. Clark, 1911: 249" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1911" box="[151,532,1269,1292]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophioscolecidae" genus="Ophiophrura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophioscolecida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06803410FFFC5200FF48FB19852BFAB2" box="[151,292,1269,1292]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Ophiophrura</emphasis>
H.L.
<bibRefCitation id="506595F3FFFC5200FEBDFB19861BFAB2" author="Clark, H. L." box="[354,532,1269,1292]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" pagination="1 - 302" refId="ref85928" refString="Clark, H. L. (1911) North Pacific Ophiurans in the collection of the United States National Museum. Bulletin of the United States National Museum 75, 1 - 302." type="journal article" year="1911">Clark, 1911: 249</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="06803410FFFC5200FF48FAF9852EFA92" box="[151,289,1301,1324]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Ophiophiura</emphasis>
(lapsus calami),
<bibRefCitation id="506595F3FFFC5200FE08FAF98692FA92" author="Paterson, G. L. J." box="[471,669,1301,1324]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" pagination="1 - 162" refId="ref91221" refString="Paterson, G. L. J. (1985) The deep-sea Ophiuroidea of the North Atlantic Ocean. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology Series 49, 1 - 162." type="book chapter" year="1985">Paterson, 1985: 52</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="344BE802FFFC5200FF48FAD98764FAF2" blockId="74.[151,875,1269,1356]" box="[151,875,1333,1356]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
<typeStatus id="EB4F56A0FFFC5200FF48FAD984C3FAF2" box="[151,204,1333,1356]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="F3F49381FFFC5200FEF2FAD986DDFAF2" authority="H. L. Clark, 1911" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1911" box="[301,722,1333,1356]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophioscolecidae" genus="Ophiophrura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophioscolecida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="liodisca">
<emphasis id="06803410FFFC5200FEF2FAD9861AFAF2" box="[301,533,1333,1356]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Ophiophrura liodisca</emphasis>
H.L.
<bibRefCitation id="506595F3FFFC5200FD8CFAD986DDFAF2" author="Clark, H. L." box="[595,722,1333,1356]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" pagination="1 - 302" refId="ref85928" refString="Clark, H. L. (1911) North Pacific Ophiurans in the collection of the United States National Museum. Bulletin of the United States National Museum 75, 1 - 302." type="journal article" year="1911">Clark, 1911</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by monotypy
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="7CEEBB89FFFC5201FF48FA968741FF69" lastPageId="75" lastPageNumber="76" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="344BE802FFFC5201FF48FA968741FF69" blockId="74.[151,1436,1402,2026]" lastBlockId="75.[151,1436,152,514]" lastPageId="75" lastPageNumber="76" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="06803410FFFC5200FF48FA968514FA2A" bold="true" box="[151,283,1402,1428]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
The disk is covered with numerous small, uniform scales, and a thin skin layer, evident when dried. The radial shields are small rounded plates, hardly conspicuous in dried specimens. The adradial genital plate is poorly developed, tightly articulated with the radial shield, proximally slightly curved. The abradial genital plate is very short and externally slightly conspicuous. Details of the articulations of genital plates and radial shields are unknown. The genital slits are long and conspicuous, but genital plates border only a distal third of the slits. The jaw bears numerous spiniform oral papillae, similar in shape to the small cluster of 3–4 ventralmost teeth. Two adoral shield papillae and one adjacent oral papilla of each jaw are somewhat clubshaped and flattened, 2–3 times longer and thicker than the oral papillae; they are placed around the second tentacle pore. The dental plate is small and elongated, without folds and with few rounded sockets, alternately placed. The teeth are spiniform and few in number (besides the ventralmost ones there are 4–5 teeth). All teeth are of similar shape. The oral shield is rhomboidal with a distinct distal lobe. The adoral shields have distal bilobed wings, proximally tapered. Dorsal and ventral arm plates are well developed. Arm spine articulations are placed distinctly at an angle in relation to the lateral arm plate. Muscle and nerve openings are similar in size or the muscle opening is slightly larger. There is a prominent perforated distal lobe occupying the dorsal part of the articulation. The sigmoidal fold is absent. The arm spines are relatively long, club-shaped or slightly flattened, hollow over almost their entire length, not hooked distally. Two elongated tentacle scales with pointed ends are placed on the lateral arm plate and one or two on the ventral plate, forming a characteristic pattern. The vertebrae have a rounded distal keel; the dorsal medial suture is indistinct. The articulation is zygospondylous. The podial basins are large.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="7CEEBB89FFFD5201FF19FF0E8706FEF9" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="344BE802FFFD5201FF19FF0E8706FEF9" blockId="75.[151,1436,152,514]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
<emphasis id="06803410FFFD5201FF19FF0E85AFFF42" bold="true" box="[198,416,226,252]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Material studied.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F3F49381FFFD5201FE75FF0E878BFF42" authority="H. L. Clark, 1911" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1911" box="[426,900,226,252]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophioscolecidae" genus="Ophiophrura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophioscolecida" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="liodisca">
<emphasis id="06803410FFFD5201FE75FF0E86A3FF45" box="[426,684,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Ophiophrura liodisca</emphasis>
H.L.
<bibRefCitation id="506595F3FFFD5201FD29FF0E878BFF42" author="Clark, H. L." box="[758,900,226,252]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" pagination="1 - 302" refId="ref85928" refString="Clark, H. L. (1911) North Pacific Ophiurans in the collection of the United States National Museum. Bulletin of the United States National Museum 75, 1 - 302." type="journal article" year="1911">Clark, 1911</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<typeStatus id="EB4F56A0FFFD5201FC4CFF0E800FFF42" box="[915,1024,226,252]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="52E570C7FFFD5201FBD5FF0E8050FF42" box="[1034,1119,226,252]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
25672 (
<figureCitation id="ACCFF487FFFD5201FB1AFF0E812CFF42" box="[1221,1315,226,252]" captionStart="FIGURE 51" captionStartId="75.[151,255,1758,1782]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,567,1737]" captionTargetId="figure-259@75.[158,1428,567,1737]" captionTargetPageId="75" captionText="FIGURE 51. Ophiophrura liodisca H.L. Clark, 1911, holotype USNM 25672, 8 mm dd, external views and details. A. dorsal view; B. ventral view; C. details of the disk showing small radial shields (rsh); D. ventro-lateral view showing long genital slits; E. close up of oral frame showing long club-shaped adoral shield papillae and spiniform teeth; F. hollow proximal spine, transversally sectioned; G. spine; H-I, arm spine articulations, proximal segments; J. proximal vertebra, dorsal view; K. same, ventral view; L. same, proximal view; M. same, distal view; N. spine, ventral view. Scale bars: F, 30 µ; H–I, 100 µ; J–L, 300 µ.; M, 100 µ; N, 30 µ. Photos: A–E Tatiana Korshunova; F–N Alexander Martynov." pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Figs 51</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="ACCFF487FFFD5201FAECFF0E8181FF42" box="[1331,1422,226,252]" captionStart="FIGURE 52" captionStartId="76.[151,255,1590,1614]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,194,1569]" captionTargetId="figure-217@76.[158,1428,194,1569]" captionTargetPageId="76" captionText="FIGURE 52. Ophiophrura tripapillata (Stöhr &amp; Segonzac, 2005) comb.nov. (A–B, D–E, holotype MNHN EcOs 22795, 10 mm dd), Ophiophrura imperfecta (H.L. Clark, 1915) comb.nov. (F, H–J, holotype MSZ 2167, ca. 7 mm dd), and Ophiophrura liodisca H.L. Clark, 1911, holotype USNM 25672, 8 mm dd (C, G). A, H, dorsal view; B, G, I, ventral views; C, F, dorsal disk details; D-E, G, J, arm segments, ventral views, details showing pattern of several tentacle scales. A–B, D–E Sabine Stöhr; C, G Tatiana Korshunova; F, H, I–J Alexander Martynov." pageId="75" pageNumber="76">52C, G</figureCitation>
);
<taxonomicName id="F3F49381FFFD5201FF48FEE48697FE9C" authority="H. L. Clark, 1915" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1915" box="[151,664,264,290]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophioscolecidae" genus="Ophioprium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophioscolecida" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="imperfectum">
<emphasis id="06803410FFFD5201FF48FEE485CDFE9F" box="[151,450,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Ophioprium imperfectum</emphasis>
H.L.
<bibRefCitation id="506595F3FFFD5201FDD6FEE48697FE9C" author="Clark, H. L." box="[521,664,264,290]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" pagination="165 - 376" refId="ref85989" refString="Clark, H. L. (1915) Catalogue of recent Ophiurans based on collections of the Museum of Comparative Zoology. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard 25, 165 - 376." type="journal article" year="1915">Clark, 1915</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<typeStatus id="EB4F56A0FFFD5201FD7BFEE4871DFE9C" box="[676,786,264,290]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="52E570C7FFFD5201FCC5FEE48755FE9C" box="[794,858,264,290]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" type="Museum">MCZ</collectionCode>
2167 (
<figureCitation id="ACCFF487FFFD5201FC72FEE48056FE9C" box="[941,1113,264,290]" captionStart="FIGURE 52" captionStartId="76.[151,255,1590,1614]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,194,1569]" captionTargetId="figure-217@76.[158,1428,194,1569]" captionTargetPageId="76" captionText="FIGURE 52. Ophiophrura tripapillata (Stöhr &amp; Segonzac, 2005) comb.nov. (A–B, D–E, holotype MNHN EcOs 22795, 10 mm dd), Ophiophrura imperfecta (H.L. Clark, 1915) comb.nov. (F, H–J, holotype MSZ 2167, ca. 7 mm dd), and Ophiophrura liodisca H.L. Clark, 1911, holotype USNM 25672, 8 mm dd (C, G). A, H, dorsal view; B, G, I, ventral views; C, F, dorsal disk details; D-E, G, J, arm segments, ventral views, details showing pattern of several tentacle scales. A–B, D–E Sabine Stöhr; C, G Tatiana Korshunova; F, H, I–J Alexander Martynov." pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Figs 52F, H–J</figureCitation>
);
<taxonomicName id="F3F49381FFFD5201FBB1FEE485B8FEF9" authority="Stohr &amp; Segonzac, 2005" authorityName="Stohr &amp; Segonzac" authorityYear="2005" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophioscolecidae" genus="Ophioscolex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophioscolecida" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="tripapillatus">
<emphasis id="06803410FFFD5201FBB1FEE48193FE9F" box="[1134,1436,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Ophioscolex tripapillatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="506595F3FFFD5201FF48FEC185B8FEF9" author="Stohr, S. &amp; Segonzac, M." box="[151,439,301,327]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" pagination="383 - 402" refId="ref91953" refString="Stohr, S. &amp; Segonzac, M. (2005) Deep-sea ophiuroids (Echinodermata) from reducing and non-reducing environments in the North Atlantic Ocean. Journal of the Marine Biology Association of United Kingdom 85, 383 - 402." type="journal article" year="2005">Stöhr &amp; Segonzac, 2005</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<typeStatus id="EB4F56A0FFFD5201FE1CFEC18626FEF9" box="[451,553,301,327]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
NI-1016 (
<figureCitation id="ACCFF487FFFD5201FD7BFEC186F3FEF9" box="[676,764,301,327]" captionStart="FIGURE 53" captionStartId="77.[151,255,1878,1902]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,607,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-236@77.[158,1428,607,1856]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="FIGURE 53. Ophiophrura tripapillata (Stöhr &amp; Segonzac, 2005) comb. nov., paratype NI-1016, 4 mm dd, details. A. lateral arm plate, middle segments, showing arm spine articulations; B–E, arm spine articulations, middle segments, details; F. hollow middle spine, transversally sectioned; G. spine; H. same, ventral view; I. middle vertebra, distal view; J. same, dorsal view; K. same, ventral view. Scale bars: A, C, E, G, I–K, 100 µ; B, F, H, 30 µ. Photos: Alexander Martynov." pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Fig. 53</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7CEEBB89FFFD5207FF19FEBE85DCFD99" lastPageId="77" lastPageNumber="78" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="344BE802FFFD5201FF19FEBE86E4FDBC" blockId="75.[151,1436,152,514]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
<emphasis id="06803410FFFD5201FF19FEBE8530FED2" bold="true" box="[198,319,338,364]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Remarks.</emphasis>
Previously, only few specimens of the
<typeStatus id="EB4F56A0FFFD5201FCF1FEBE876FFED2" box="[814,864,338,364]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">type</typeStatus>
and only species,
<taxonomicName id="F3F49381FFFD5201FB93FEBE815FFED5" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1911" box="[1100,1360,338,363]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophioscolecidae" genus="Ophiophrura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophioscolecida" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="liodisca">
<emphasis id="06803410FFFD5201FB93FEBE815FFED5" box="[1100,1360,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Ophiophrura liodisca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, were known. An additional specimen recently described by
<bibRefCitation id="506595F3FFFD5201FC91FE948084FE2C" author="O'Hara, T. D. &amp; Stohr, S." box="[846,1163,376,402]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" pagination="33 - 141" refId="ref91113" refString="O'Hara, T. D. &amp; Stohr, S. (2006) Deep water Ophiuroidea (Echinodermata) of New Caledonia: Ophiacanthidae and Hemieuryalidae. In Richer De Forges, B. &amp; Justine, J. - L. (Eds), Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos. Volume 24. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire Naturelle 193, 33 - 141." type="journal article" year="2006">O’Hara and Stöhr (2006)</bibRefCitation>
differs from the
<typeStatus id="EB4F56A0FFFD5201FAB8FE948193FE2C" box="[1383,1436,376,402]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">type</typeStatus>
specimen. For instance, H.L.
<bibRefCitation id="506595F3FFFD5201FE31FE71868CFE09" author="Clark, H. L." box="[494,643,413,439]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" pagination="1 - 302" refId="ref85928" refString="Clark, H. L. (1911) North Pacific Ophiurans in the collection of the United States National Museum. Bulletin of the United States National Museum 75, 1 - 302." type="journal article" year="1911">Clark (1911)</bibRefCitation>
described spiniform “oral tentacle scales”, whereas in the specimen described by
<bibRefCitation id="506595F3FFFD5201FEEBFE2E8655FE62" author="O'Hara, T. D. &amp; Stohr, S." box="[308,602,450,476]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" pagination="33 - 141" refId="ref91113" refString="O'Hara, T. D. &amp; Stohr, S. (2006) Deep water Ophiuroidea (Echinodermata) of New Caledonia: Ophiacanthidae and Hemieuryalidae. In Richer De Forges, B. &amp; Justine, J. - L. (Eds), Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos. Volume 24. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire Naturelle 193, 33 - 141." type="journal article" year="2006">O’Hara and Stöhr (2006)</bibRefCitation>
these papillae are flattened and spatulate. In this respect this specimen possibly represents a separate undescribed species.
</paragraph>
<caption id="608BB88AFFFD5201FF48F932819DF828" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" startId="75.[151,255,1758,1782]" targetBox="[158,1428,567,1737]" targetPageId="75">
<paragraph id="344BE802FFFD5201FF48F932819DF828" blockId="75.[151,1436,1758,1943]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
<emphasis id="06803410FFFD5201FF48F9328528F948" bold="true" box="[151,295,1758,1782]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">FIGURE 51.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F3F49381FFFD5201FEF0F93386D7F948" authority="H. L. Clark, 1911" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1911" box="[303,728,1759,1782]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophioscolecidae" genus="Ophiophrura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophioscolecida" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="liodisca">
<emphasis id="06803410FFFD5201FEF0F9338617F948" box="[303,536,1759,1782]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Ophiophrura liodisca</emphasis>
H.L.
<bibRefCitation id="506595F3FFFD5201FD87F93386D7F948" author="Clark, H. L." box="[600,728,1759,1782]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" pagination="1 - 302" refId="ref85928" refString="Clark, H. L. (1911) North Pacific Ophiurans in the collection of the United States National Museum. Bulletin of the United States National Museum 75, 1 - 302." type="journal article" year="1911">Clark, 1911</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, holotype USNM 25672, 8 mm dd, external views and details. A. dorsal view; B. ventral view; C. details of the disk showing small radial shields (rsh); D. ventro-lateral view showing long genital slits; E. close up of oral frame showing long club-shaped adoral shield papillae and spiniform teeth; F. hollow proximal spine, transversally sectioned; G. spine; H-I, arm spine articulations, proximal segments; J. proximal vertebra, dorsal view; K. same, ventral view; L. same, proximal view; M. same, distal view; N. spine, ventral view. Scale bars: F, 30 µ; H–I, 100 µ; J–L, 300 µ.; M, 100 µ; N, 30 µ. Photos: A–E Tatiana Korshunova; F–N Alexander Martynov.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="608BB88AFFFA5206FF48F9DA8006F973" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" startId="76.[151,255,1590,1614]" targetBox="[158,1428,194,1569]" targetPageId="76">
<paragraph id="344BE802FFFA5206FF48F9DA8006F973" blockId="76.[151,1437,1590,1741]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
<emphasis id="06803410FFFA5206FF48F9DA8529F9F0" bold="true" box="[151,294,1590,1614]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">FIGURE 52.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F3F49381FFFA5206FEF3F9DB875DF9F3" authority="(Stohr &amp; Segonzac, 2005)" authorityName="Martynov" authorityYear="2010" baseAuthorityName="Stohr &amp; Segonzac" baseAuthorityYear="2005" box="[300,850,1590,1614]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophioscolecidae" genus="Ophiophrura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophioscolecida" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="tripapillata" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="06803410FFFA5206FEF3F9DB8637F9F0" box="[300,568,1591,1614]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Ophiophrura tripapillata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="506595F3FFFA5206FD9AF9DA8744F9F3" author="Stohr, S. &amp; Segonzac, M." box="[581,843,1590,1613]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="383 - 402" refId="ref91953" refString="Stohr, S. &amp; Segonzac, M. (2005) Deep-sea ophiuroids (Echinodermata) from reducing and non-reducing environments in the North Atlantic Ocean. Journal of the Marine Biology Association of United Kingdom 85, 383 - 402." type="journal article" year="2005">Stöhr &amp; Segonzac, 2005</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="06803410FFFA5206FC86F9DA87C3F9F0" bold="true" box="[857,972,1590,1614]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1DB3896BFFFA5206FC86F9DA87C3F9F0" box="[857,972,1590,1614]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" rank="species">comb.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(A–B, D–E, holotype MNHN EcOs 22795, 10 mm dd),
<taxonomicName id="F3F49381FFFA5206FEC0F9BB870DF9D3" authority="(H. L. Clark, 1915)" authorityName="Martynov" authorityYear="2010" baseAuthorityName="H. L. Clark" baseAuthorityYear="1915" box="[287,770,1622,1646]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophioscolecidae" genus="Ophiophrura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophioscolecida" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="imperfecta" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="06803410FFFA5206FEC0F9BB8623F9D0" box="[287,556,1623,1646]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Ophiophrura imperfecta</emphasis>
(H.L.
<bibRefCitation id="506595F3FFFA5206FDA8F9BA86F6F9D3" author="Clark, H. L." box="[631,761,1622,1645]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="165 - 376" refId="ref85989" refString="Clark, H. L. (1915) Catalogue of recent Ophiurans based on collections of the Museum of Comparative Zoology. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard 25, 165 - 376." type="journal article" year="1915">Clark, 1915</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="06803410FFFA5206FCD5F9BA878FF9D0" bold="true" box="[778,896,1622,1646]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1DB3896BFFFA5206FCD5F9BA878FF9D0" box="[778,896,1622,1646]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" rank="species">comb.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(F, H–J, holotype MSZ 2167, ca. 7 mm dd), and
<taxonomicName id="F3F49381FFFA5206FF48F99B8645F933" authority="H. L. Clark, 1911" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1911" box="[151,586,1654,1678]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophioscolecidae" genus="Ophiophrura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophioscolecida" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="liodisca">
<emphasis id="06803410FFFA5206FF48F99B858AF930" box="[151,389,1655,1678]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Ophiophrura liodisca</emphasis>
H.L.
<bibRefCitation id="506595F3FFFA5206FE19F99A8645F933" author="Clark, H. L." box="[454,586,1654,1677]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="1 - 302" refId="ref85928" refString="Clark, H. L. (1911) North Pacific Ophiurans in the collection of the United States National Museum. Bulletin of the United States National Museum 75, 1 - 302." type="journal article" year="1911">Clark, 1911</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, holotype USNM 25672, 8 mm dd (C, G). A, H, dorsal view; B, G, I, ventral views; C, F, dorsal disk details; D-E, G, J, arm segments, ventral views, details showing pattern of several tentacle scales. A–B, D–E Sabine Stöhr; C, G Tatiana Korshunova; F, H, I–J Alexander Martynov.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="344BE802FFFA5207FF18F91B858BFDBC" blockId="76.[151,1436,1782,2032]" lastBlockId="77.[151,1436,152,551]" lastPageId="77" lastPageNumber="78" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
<emphasis id="06803410FFFA5206FF18F91B858EF8AE" box="[199,385,1783,1808]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
“
<taxonomicName id="F3F49381FFFA5206FF0DF91B857AF8AE" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1899" box="[210,373,1783,1808]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophioscolecidae" genus="Ophioprium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophioscolecida" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">Ophioprium</taxonomicName>
”
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F3F49381FFFA5206FE54F91B8707F8AE" authority="H. L. Clark, 1915" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1915" box="[395,776,1782,1808]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophioscolecidae" genus="Ophioprium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophioscolecida" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="imperfectum">
<emphasis id="06803410FFFA5206FE54F91B8628F8AE" box="[395,551,1783,1808]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">imperfectum</emphasis>
H.L.
<bibRefCitation id="506595F3FFFA5206FDABF91A8707F8AE" author="Clark, H. L." box="[628,776,1782,1808]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="165 - 376" refId="ref85989" refString="Clark, H. L. (1915) Catalogue of recent Ophiurans based on collections of the Museum of Comparative Zoology. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard 25, 165 - 376." type="journal article" year="1915">Clark, 1915</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
is very different from the type species of the genus
<taxonomicName id="F3F49381FFFA5206FF48F8F08529F88B" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1899" box="[151,294,1820,1845]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophioscolecidae" genus="Ophioprium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophioscolecida" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06803410FFFA5206FF48F8F08529F88B" box="[151,294,1820,1845]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Ophioprium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="06803410FFFA5206FEEAF8F085EBF88B" box="[309,484,1820,1845]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
<taxonomicName id="F3F49381FFFA5206FEEAF8F085EEF88B" baseAuthorityName="Lyman" baseAuthorityYear="1883" box="[309,481,1820,1845]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophioscolecidae" genus="Ophioprium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophioscolecida" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="cervicornis">O. cervicornis</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
as was already mentioned by
<bibRefCitation id="506595F3FFFA5206FC95F8F087EBF888" author="Clark, H. L." box="[842,996,1820,1846]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="165 - 376" refId="ref85989" refString="Clark, H. L. (1915) Catalogue of recent Ophiurans based on collections of the Museum of Comparative Zoology. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard 25, 165 - 376." type="journal article" year="1915">Clark (1915)</bibRefCitation>
. In the present study,
<taxonomicName id="F3F49381FFFA5206FB3AF8F08168F88B" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1911" box="[1253,1383,1820,1845]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophioscolecidae" genus="Ophiophrura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophioscolecida" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="liodisca">
<emphasis id="06803410FFFA5206FB3AF8F08168F88B" box="[1253,1383,1820,1845]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">O. liodisca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was examined in detail (
<figureCitation id="ACCFF487FFFA5206FEA1F8AD85DBF8E5" box="[382,468,1857,1883]" captionStart="FIGURE 51" captionStartId="75.[151,255,1758,1782]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,567,1737]" captionTargetId="figure-259@75.[158,1428,567,1737]" captionTargetPageId="75" captionText="FIGURE 51. Ophiophrura liodisca H.L. Clark, 1911, holotype USNM 25672, 8 mm dd, external views and details. A. dorsal view; B. ventral view; C. details of the disk showing small radial shields (rsh); D. ventro-lateral view showing long genital slits; E. close up of oral frame showing long club-shaped adoral shield papillae and spiniform teeth; F. hollow proximal spine, transversally sectioned; G. spine; H-I, arm spine articulations, proximal segments; J. proximal vertebra, dorsal view; K. same, ventral view; L. same, proximal view; M. same, distal view; N. spine, ventral view. Scale bars: F, 30 µ; H–I, 100 µ; J–L, 300 µ.; M, 100 µ; N, 30 µ. Photos: A–E Tatiana Korshunova; F–N Alexander Martynov." pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Fig. 51</figureCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="F3F49381FFFA5206FE35F8AD868AF8E4" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1911" box="[490,645,1857,1882]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophioscolecidae" genus="Ophiophrura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophioscolecida" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06803410FFFA5206FE35F8AD868AF8E4" box="[490,645,1857,1882]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Ophiophrura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is characterized by two pairs of well-defined adoral shield papillae, spiniform teeth, three to four spiniform tentacle scales and hollow spines. All these features are present in the
<typeStatus id="EB4F56A0FFFA5206FF48F86084F0F818" box="[151,255,1932,1958]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(MCZ 2167) of
<emphasis id="06803410FFFA5206FE18F8608676F81B" box="[455,633,1932,1957]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
“
<taxonomicName id="F3F49381FFFA5206FE0DF8608661F81B" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1899" box="[466,622,1932,1957]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophioscolecidae" genus="Ophioprium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophioscolecida" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">Ophioprium</taxonomicName>
”
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F3F49381FFFA5206FD5DF86087E6F818" authority="H. L. Clark, 1915" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1915" box="[642,1001,1932,1958]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophioscolecidae" genus="Ophioprium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophioscolecida" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="imperfectum">
<emphasis id="06803410FFFA5206FD5DF8608719F81B" box="[642,790,1932,1957]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">imperfectum</emphasis>
H.L.
<bibRefCitation id="506595F3FFFA5206FC82F86087E6F818" author="Clark, H. L." box="[861,1001,1932,1958]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="165 - 376" refId="ref85989" refString="Clark, H. L. (1915) Catalogue of recent Ophiurans based on collections of the Museum of Comparative Zoology. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard 25, 165 - 376." type="journal article" year="1915">Clark, 1915</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="ACCFF487FFFA5206FC25F86080A1F818" box="[1018,1198,1932,1958]" captionStart="FIGURE 52" captionStartId="76.[151,255,1590,1614]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,194,1569]" captionTargetId="figure-217@76.[158,1428,194,1569]" captionTargetPageId="76" captionText="FIGURE 52. Ophiophrura tripapillata (Stöhr &amp; Segonzac, 2005) comb.nov. (A–B, D–E, holotype MNHN EcOs 22795, 10 mm dd), Ophiophrura imperfecta (H.L. Clark, 1915) comb.nov. (F, H–J, holotype MSZ 2167, ca. 7 mm dd), and Ophiophrura liodisca H.L. Clark, 1911, holotype USNM 25672, 8 mm dd (C, G). A, H, dorsal view; B, G, I, ventral views; C, F, dorsal disk details; D-E, G, J, arm segments, ventral views, details showing pattern of several tentacle scales. A–B, D–E Sabine Stöhr; C, G Tatiana Korshunova; F, H, I–J Alexander Martynov." pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Figs 52F, H–J</figureCitation>
), which is therefore considered as second species of the
<taxonomicName id="F3F49381FFFA5206FD96F85D86E9F874" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1911" box="[585,742,1969,1994]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophioscolecidae" genus="Ophiophrura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophioscolecida" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06803410FFFA5206FD96F85D86E9F874" box="[585,742,1969,1994]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Ophiophrura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The recently decribed
<taxonomicName id="F3F49381FFFA5206FBDBF85D855DF84E" authority="Stohr &amp; Segonzac, 2005" authorityName="Stohr &amp; Segonzac" authorityYear="2005" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophioscolecidae" genus="Ophioscolex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophioscolecida" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="tripapillatus">
<emphasis id="06803410FFFA5206FBDBF85D813AF874" box="[1028,1333,1969,1994]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Ophioscolex tripapillatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="506595F3FFFA5206FAE2F85D855DF84E" author="Stohr, S. &amp; Segonzac, M." pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="383 - 402" refId="ref91953" refString="Stohr, S. &amp; Segonzac, M. (2005) Deep-sea ophiuroids (Echinodermata) from reducing and non-reducing environments in the North Atlantic Ocean. Journal of the Marine Biology Association of United Kingdom 85, 383 - 402." type="journal article" year="2005">Stöhr &amp; Segonzac, 2005</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
differs considerably from the type species of both genera
<taxonomicName id="F3F49381FFFA5206FBD6F83B8093F84E" authorityName=": Muller &amp; Troschel" authorityYear="1842" box="[1033,1180,2007,2032]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophioscolecidae" genus="Ophioscolex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophioscolecida" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
<emphasis id="06803410FFFA5206FBD6F83B8093F84E" box="[1033,1180,2007,2032]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Ophioscolex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1DB3896BFFFA5206FB7BF83A80D5F84E" box="[1188,1242,2006,2032]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" sensu="stricto">s.str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<taxonomicName id="F3F49381FFFA5206FACAF83B8194F84E" authorityName="Mortensen" authorityYear="1933" box="[1301,1435,2007,2032]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophioscolecidae" genus="Ophiolycus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophioscolecida" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06803410FFFA5206FACAF83B8194F84E" box="[1301,1435,2007,2032]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Ophiolycus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see the diagnoses below) in having hollow spines, 3–4 elongate tentacle scales, well-defined dorsal arm plates (including proximalmost segments), flattened adoral shield papillae and a lack of hooked distal arm spines (
<figureCitation id="ACCFF487FFFB5207FF2BFF0E85DAFF42" box="[244,469,226,252]" captionStart="FIGURE 52" captionStartId="76.[151,255,1590,1614]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,194,1569]" captionTargetId="figure-217@76.[158,1428,194,1569]" captionTargetPageId="76" captionText="FIGURE 52. Ophiophrura tripapillata (Stöhr &amp; Segonzac, 2005) comb.nov. (A–B, D–E, holotype MNHN EcOs 22795, 10 mm dd), Ophiophrura imperfecta (H.L. Clark, 1915) comb.nov. (F, H–J, holotype MSZ 2167, ca. 7 mm dd), and Ophiophrura liodisca H.L. Clark, 1911, holotype USNM 25672, 8 mm dd (C, G). A, H, dorsal view; B, G, I, ventral views; C, F, dorsal disk details; D-E, G, J, arm segments, ventral views, details showing pattern of several tentacle scales. A–B, D–E Sabine Stöhr; C, G Tatiana Korshunova; F, H, I–J Alexander Martynov." pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Figs 52A–B; D–E</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="ACCFF487FFFB5207FE3DFF0E860BFF42" box="[482,516,226,252]" captionStart="FIGURE 53" captionStartId="77.[151,255,1878,1902]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,607,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-236@77.[158,1428,607,1856]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="FIGURE 53. Ophiophrura tripapillata (Stöhr &amp; Segonzac, 2005) comb. nov., paratype NI-1016, 4 mm dd, details. A. lateral arm plate, middle segments, showing arm spine articulations; B–E, arm spine articulations, middle segments, details; F. hollow middle spine, transversally sectioned; G. spine; H. same, ventral view; I. middle vertebra, distal view; J. same, dorsal view; K. same, ventral view. Scale bars: A, C, E, G, I–K, 100 µ; B, F, H, 30 µ. Photos: Alexander Martynov." pageId="77" pageNumber="78">53</figureCitation>
). All these characters corresponded well with the type species of the genus
<taxonomicName id="F3F49381FFFB5207FF48FEE48536FE9F" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1911" box="[151,313,264,289]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophioscolecidae" genus="Ophiophrura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophioscolecida" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06803410FFFB5207FF48FEE48536FE9F" box="[151,313,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Ophiophrura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, according to the re-examintion of the type material of
<taxonomicName id="F3F49381FFFB5207FC29FEE48070FE9F" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1911" box="[1014,1151,264,289]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophioscolecidae" genus="Ophiophrura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophioscolecida" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="liodisca">
<emphasis id="06803410FFFB5207FC29FEE48070FE9F" box="[1014,1151,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">O. liodisca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Spine articulations of
<taxonomicName id="F3F49381FFFB5207FF48FEC185C3FEF8" authorityName="Stohr &amp; Segonzac" authorityYear="2005" box="[151,460,301,326]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophioscolecidae" genus="Ophioscolex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophioscolecida" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="tripapillatus">
<emphasis id="06803410FFFB5207FF48FEC185C3FEF8" box="[151,460,301,326]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Ophioscolex tripapillatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are not ophiacanthid (
<bibRefCitation id="506595F3FFFB5207FD00FEC18001FEF9" author="Stohr, S. &amp; Segonzac, M." box="[735,1038,301,327]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" pagination="383 - 402" refId="ref91953" refString="Stohr, S. &amp; Segonzac, M. (2005) Deep-sea ophiuroids (Echinodermata) from reducing and non-reducing environments in the North Atlantic Ocean. Journal of the Marine Biology Association of United Kingdom 85, 383 - 402." type="journal article" year="2005">Stöhr &amp; Segonzac, 2005</bibRefCitation>
; present study,
<figureCitation id="ACCFF487FFFB5207FB13FEC18150FEF9" box="[1228,1375,301,327]" captionStart="FIGURE 53" captionStartId="77.[151,255,1878,1902]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,607,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-236@77.[158,1428,607,1856]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="FIGURE 53. Ophiophrura tripapillata (Stöhr &amp; Segonzac, 2005) comb. nov., paratype NI-1016, 4 mm dd, details. A. lateral arm plate, middle segments, showing arm spine articulations; B–E, arm spine articulations, middle segments, details; F. hollow middle spine, transversally sectioned; G. spine; H. same, ventral view; I. middle vertebra, distal view; J. same, dorsal view; K. same, ventral view. Scale bars: A, C, E, G, I–K, 100 µ; B, F, H, 30 µ. Photos: Alexander Martynov." pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Figs 53A–E</figureCitation>
) and differ greatly from the types species of both genera
<taxonomicName id="F3F49381FFFB5207FCE0FEBE87D1FED5" authorityName=": Muller &amp; Troschel" authorityYear="1842" box="[831,990,338,363]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophioscolecidae" genus="Ophioscolex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophioscolecida" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06803410FFFB5207FCE0FEBE87D1FED5" box="[831,990,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Ophioscolex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="F3F49381FFFB5207FBFEFEBE80BDFED5" authorityName="Mortensen" authorityYear="1933" box="[1057,1202,338,363]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophioscolecidae" genus="Ophiolycus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophioscolecida" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06803410FFFB5207FBFEFEBE80BDFED5" box="[1057,1202,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Ophiolycus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but are similar to
<taxonomicName id="F3F49381FFFB5207FF48FE948590FE2F" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1911" box="[151,415,376,401]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophioscolecidae" genus="Ophiophrura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophioscolecida" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="liodisca">
<emphasis id="06803410FFFB5207FF48FE948590FE2F" box="[151,415,376,401]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Ophiophrura liodisca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. According to the present SEM study of an
<taxonomicName id="F3F49381FFFB5207FC61FE9480FAFE2F" authorityName="Stohr &amp; Segonzac" authorityYear="2005" box="[958,1269,376,401]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophioscolecidae" genus="Ophioscolex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophioscolecida" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="tripapillatus">
<emphasis id="06803410FFFB5207FC61FE9480FAFE2F" box="[958,1269,376,401]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Ophioscolex tripapillatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<typeStatus id="EB4F56A0FFFB5207FB21FE948165FE2C" box="[1278,1386,376,402]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
, the spine articulations possess a conspicuous distal lobe and are smilar to
<taxonomicName id="F3F49381FFFB5207FC22FE718108FE08" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1911" box="[1021,1287,413,438]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophioscolecidae" genus="Ophiophrura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophioscolecida" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="liodisca">
<emphasis id="06803410FFFB5207FC22FE718108FE08" box="[1021,1287,413,438]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Ophiophrura liodisca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
articulation pattern (compare
<figureCitation id="ACCFF487FFFB5207FEB7FE2E85E0FE62" box="[360,495,450,476]" captionStart="FIGURE 51" captionStartId="75.[151,255,1758,1782]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,567,1737]" captionTargetId="figure-259@75.[158,1428,567,1737]" captionTargetPageId="75" captionText="FIGURE 51. Ophiophrura liodisca H.L. Clark, 1911, holotype USNM 25672, 8 mm dd, external views and details. A. dorsal view; B. ventral view; C. details of the disk showing small radial shields (rsh); D. ventro-lateral view showing long genital slits; E. close up of oral frame showing long club-shaped adoral shield papillae and spiniform teeth; F. hollow proximal spine, transversally sectioned; G. spine; H-I, arm spine articulations, proximal segments; J. proximal vertebra, dorsal view; K. same, ventral view; L. same, proximal view; M. same, distal view; N. spine, ventral view. Scale bars: F, 30 µ; H–I, 100 µ; J–L, 300 µ.; M, 100 µ; N, 30 µ. Photos: A–E Tatiana Korshunova; F–N Alexander Martynov." pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Figs 51H–I</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="ACCFF487FFFB5207FDF6FE2E868EFE62" box="[553,641,450,476]" captionStart="FIGURE 53" captionStartId="77.[151,255,1878,1902]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,607,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-236@77.[158,1428,607,1856]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="FIGURE 53. Ophiophrura tripapillata (Stöhr &amp; Segonzac, 2005) comb. nov., paratype NI-1016, 4 mm dd, details. A. lateral arm plate, middle segments, showing arm spine articulations; B–E, arm spine articulations, middle segments, details; F. hollow middle spine, transversally sectioned; G. spine; H. same, ventral view; I. middle vertebra, distal view; J. same, dorsal view; K. same, ventral view. Scale bars: A, C, E, G, I–K, 100 µ; B, F, H, 30 µ. Photos: Alexander Martynov." pageId="77" pageNumber="78">53A–E</figureCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="F3F49381FFFB5207FD49FE2E87CCFE65" authorityName="Stohr &amp; Segonzac" authorityYear="2005" box="[662,963,450,475]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophioscolecidae" genus="Ophioscolex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophioscolecida" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="tripapillatus">
<emphasis id="06803410FFFB5207FD49FE2E87CCFE65" box="[662,963,450,475]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Ophioscolex tripapillatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is therefore considered to be within the genus
<taxonomicName id="F3F49381FFFB5207FF3CFE048572FDBF" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1911" box="[227,381,488,513]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophioscolecidae" genus="Ophiophrura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophioscolecida" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06803410FFFB5207FF3CFE048572FDBF" box="[227,381,488,513]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Ophiophrura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="344BE802FFFB5207FF19FDE185DCFD99" blockId="77.[151,1436,152,551]" box="[198,467,525,551]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<emphasis id="06803410FFFB5207FF19FDE185BAFD99" bold="true" box="[198,437,525,551]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Number of species:</emphasis>
3.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>