217 lines
39 KiB
XML
217 lines
39 KiB
XML
<document id="1AE0BD8C40E2923324FDD7E348EC8931" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3713.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="935605ac-a0e6-4963-8264-b4b0ccb8568b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="284803" ID-ZooBank="C5F0BC11-92C0-4B30-9DB3-200882AC8950" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460679115380" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Huber, Bernhard A." docDate="2013" docId="B20287EDFFF8FF87B990C3A0FBC23BBD" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03713p160.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3713 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Smeringopina cornigera Simon 1907" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="30" masterDocId="4E3BFF95FFE4FF9AB907C624FFF93F1D" masterDocTitle="Revision and cladistic analysis of the Guineo-Congolian spider genus Smeringopina Kraus (Araneae, Pholcidae" masterLastPageNumber="160" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="29" updateTime="1698350282054" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="690C1462DC9BB5F1EB202AAC9B556EB1">
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<mods:title id="DE4909041D2F3D802791758D225D3279">Revision and cladistic analysis of the Guineo-Congolian spider genus Smeringopina Kraus (Araneae, Pholcidae</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="B378BEEF8AA7257F92719591678F5393" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="5330E5F461397431E656E69339DEE721">Huber, Bernhard A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="95561A34125347B08BD41BA5FC590ABA">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="E364C5765F4A3630CD564B10102F93F9">
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<mods:date id="AC02CEB0D08DE83E663CE5EDD1F67F9D">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="B543DEBC2775C24A8FADF011A50DCAD0">3713</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="ED66AF3799D74E2C6E1ED172714B5040">1</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="446C41D19DCE6ED91447AC81248802DC">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="92247E55B3E12B96443DF8276C0C41F6" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3713.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="B20287EDFFF8FF87B990C3A0FBC23BBD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6162035" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119578712" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6162035" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B20287EDFFF8FF87B990C3A0FBC23BBD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B20287EDFFF8FF87B990C3A0FBC23BBD" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<subSubSection id="72B16570FFF8FF87B990C3A0FBC23BBD" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="3A1436FBFFF8FF86B990C3A0FD8B3A83" blockId="28.[151,626,1412,1471]" box="[151,626,1412,1438]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<heading id="615C8197FFF8FF86B990C3A0FD8B3A83" bold="true" box="[151,626,1412,1438]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="FDAB4D78FFF8FF86B990C3A0FD8B3A83" ID-CoL="4XVG2" authority="Simon, 1907" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1907" box="[151,626,1412,1438]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Smeringopina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cornigera">
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<emphasis id="08DFEAE9FFF8FF86B990C3A0FD8B3A83" bold="true" box="[151,626,1412,1438]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<emphasis id="08DFEAE9FFF8FF86B990C3A0FE473A83" bold="true" box="[151,446,1412,1438]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Smeringopina cornigera</emphasis>
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(Simon, 1907)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3A1436FBFFF8FF86B990C382FDEE3AA2" blockId="28.[151,626,1412,1471]" box="[151,535,1446,1471]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<figureCitation id="A2902A7EFFF8FF86B990C382FEC03AA2" box="[151,313,1446,1471]" captionStart="FIGURES 401 – 410" captionStartId="105.[151,264,1919,1941]" captionTargetBox="[189,1403,193,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@105.[151,1436,193,1897]" captionTargetPageId="105" captionText="FIGURES 401 – 410. Smeringopina cornigera (Simon) (401 – 405) and S. nyasoso n. sp. (406 – 410). 401 – 402, 406 – 407. Males, dorsal, lateral, and ventral views. 403 – 405, 408 – 410. Left male palps, prolateral, dorsal, and retrolateral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284852/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs. 401–405</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="A2902A7EFFF8FF86B842C383FE533AA2" box="[325,426,1447,1471]" captionStart="FIGURES 416 – 426" captionStartId="107.[151,264,1908,1930]" captionTargetBox="[176,1419,193,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@107.[151,1436,193,1886]" captionTargetPageId="107" captionText="FIGURES 416 – 426. Smeringopina kala n. sp. (416 – 420, 423, 426), S. cornigera (Simon) (421, 424), and S. nyasoso n. sp. (422, 425). 416 – 417. Male, dorsal and lateral views. 418 – 420. Left male palp, prolateral, dorsal, and retrolateral views. 421 – 423. Female abdomens, ventral views. 424 – 426. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284854/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">421, 424</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="A2902A7EFFF8FF86B8B2C382FDEE3AA2" box="[437,535,1446,1471]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 439 – 444" captionStart-1="FIGURES 445 – 455" captionStartId-0="110.[151,264,1399,1421]" captionStartId-1="111.[151,264,1431,1453]" captionTargetBox-0="[156,1430,195,1363]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,193,1409]" captionTargetId-0="figure@110.[151,1436,193,1378]" captionTargetId-1="figure@111.[151,1436,193,1409]" captionTargetPageId-0="110" captionTargetPageId-1="111" captionText-0="FIGURES 439 – 444. Smeringopina cornigera (Simon). 439 – 440. Left procursus, prolateral and retrolateral views. 441. Left embolus, prolateral view. 442. Male chelicerae, frontal view. 443. Epigynum, ventral view. 444. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.2 (441), 0.5 (439 – 440, 442 – 444)." captionText-1="FIGURES 445 – 455. Smeringopina cornigera (Simon). 445 – 446. Male prosoma, frontal and oblique views; arrows point at pair of small horns. 447. Right male palp, dorsal view. 448. Left procursus, retrolatero-dorsal view. 449. Modified hairs on male clypeus. 450. Modified hairs on male chelicerae. 451. Hairs on left procursus. 452. Female ALS. 453. Male gonopore. 454. Female ocular area. 455. Epigynum, dorsal view. Abbreviations: b: bulb; e: embolus; pr: procursus. Scale lines: 10 µm (449), 20 µm (450, 452), 30 µm (451), 50 µm (453), 100 µm (454), 200 µm (447 – 448, 455), 300 µm (445 – 446)." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/284857/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/284858/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">439–455</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3A1436FBFFF8FF86B990C3CBFDB5393E" blockId="28.[151,656,1518,1571]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<taxonomicName id="FDAB4D78FFF8FF86B990C3CBFDD73919" authority="Simon 1907: 250" authorityName="Simon" authorityPageNumber="250" authorityYear="1907" box="[151,558,1518,1541]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Smeringopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="corniger">
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<emphasis id="08DFEAE9FFF8FF86B990C3CBFE813918" box="[151,376,1519,1541]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Smeringopus corniger</emphasis>
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Simon 1907: 250
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</taxonomicName>
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–251 (♂).
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<taxonomicName id="FDAB4D78FFF8FF86B990C02AFDB1393E" authority="Kraus 1957: 233" authorityName="Kraus" authorityPageNumber="233" authorityYear="1957" box="[151,584,1549,1571]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Smeringopina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cornigera">
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<emphasis id="08DFEAE9FFF8FF86B990C02AFE76393E" box="[151,399,1550,1571]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Smeringopina cornigera</emphasis>
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: Kraus 1957: 233
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3A1436FBFFF8FF86B990C074FC353990" blockId="28.[151,1436,1615,2037]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<typeStatus id="E5108859FFF8FF86B990C074FF2B3975" box="[151,210,1616,1640]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Type</typeStatus>
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. ♂
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<typeStatus id="E5108859FFF8FF86B803C06BFE9F3975" box="[260,358,1615,1640]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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(together with 1♀; see Note below) from
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<collectingCountry id="42BC766BFFF8FF86BA69C074FC1F3975" box="[878,998,1616,1640]" name="Cameroon" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
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, Southwest Region, Buea [
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<geoCoordinate id="5F9F503CFFF8FF86BC2CC074FA6E3975" box="[1323,1431,1616,1640]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="92" value="4.155">4°09.3’N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="5F9F503CFFF8FF86B990C050FEF93991" box="[151,256,1652,1676]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="92" value="9.231667">9°13.9’E</geoCoordinate>
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],
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<quantity id="FD539B1EFFF8FF86B814C050FE593991" box="[275,416,1652,1676]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="1000.0" valueMax="1200.0" valueMin="800.0">800–1200 m</quantity>
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a.s.l.,
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<date id="4E15103BFFF8FF86B8EEC050FD893990" box="[489,624,1652,1677]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="1902-06" valueMax="1902-07-31" valueMin="1902-06-00">vi.–vii.1902</date>
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(L. Fea), in MSNG, examined.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3A1436FBFFF8FF86B9C0C0BCFC4739E5" blockId="28.[151,1436,1615,2037]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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Note. The
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<typeStatus id="E5108859FFF8FF86B844C0BCFE8A39AD" box="[323,371,1688,1712]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">type</typeStatus>
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vial contains
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<specimenCount id="2CADFD72FFF8FF86BB1FC0BCFDC639AD" box="[536,575,1688,1712]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="generic">1♂</specimenCount>
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1♀ but Simon (1907) only described the male specimen which is therefore regarded a
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<typeStatus id="E5108859FFF8FF86B813C098FE8339C8" box="[276,378,1724,1749]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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. The female may or may not originate from the same locality. Since females of
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<taxonomicName id="FDAB4D78FFF8FF86BDFBC099FA8B39C9" box="[1276,1394,1725,1748]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Smeringopina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nyasoso">
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<emphasis id="08DFEAE9FFF8FF86BDFBC099FA8B39C9" box="[1276,1394,1725,1748]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">S. nyasoso</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are very similar, even its conspecificity with the male
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<typeStatus id="E5108859FFF8FF86BBCCC0FBFCD439E5" box="[715,813,1759,1784]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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is uncertain.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3A1436FBFFF8FF86B9C0C120FDE53879" blockId="28.[151,1436,1615,2037]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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Other material examined.
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<collectingCountry id="42BC766BFFF8FF86B8F0C120FD623801" box="[503,667,1796,1820]" name="Cameroon" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">CAMEROON</collectingCountry>
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:
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<emphasis id="08DFEAE9FFF8FF86BBADC120FC8C3801" box="[682,885,1796,1821]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Southwest Region</emphasis>
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: Fako Div., Limbe Subdiv.,
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<quantity id="FD539B1EFFF8FF86BDC1C120FAE13800" box="[1222,1304,1796,1821]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="km" value="1.4">1.4 km</quantity>
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NE
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<taxonomicName id="FDAB4D78FFF8FF86BC54C121FA653801" box="[1363,1436,1797,1820]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Smeringopina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="28" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="etome" status="sp. nov.">Etome</taxonomicName>
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(
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<geoCoordinate id="5F9F503CFFF8FF86B998C10CFEF2385D" box="[159,267,1832,1856]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="92" value="4.05">4°03.0’N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="5F9F503CFFF8FF86B81FC103FE79385D" box="[280,384,1831,1856]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="92" value="9.125">9°07.5’E</geoCoordinate>
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), ~
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<quantity id="FD539B1EFFF8FF86B8A4C10CFE143822" box="[419,493,1832,1856]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="400.0">400 m</quantity>
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a.s.l.,
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<date id="4E15103BFFF8FF86BB3DC103FD2C385D" box="[570,725,1831,1856]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="1992-01-13" valueMax="1992-01-19" valueMin="1992-01-13">13.–19.i.1992</date>
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(Larcher, Hormiga, Coddington, Griswold, Wanzie),
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<specimenCount id="2CADFD72FFF8FF86BC30C10CFAA6385D" box="[1335,1375,1832,1856]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="generic">4♂</specimenCount>
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3♀ in CAS; same data,
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<specimenCount id="2CADFD72FFF8FF86B85EC168FE853879" box="[345,380,1868,1892]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="generic">1♂</specimenCount>
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4♀ in USNM.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3A1436FBFFF8FF87B9C0C14BFB923FC8" blockId="28.[151,1436,1615,2037]" lastBlockId="29.[151,1436,151,1184]" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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Diagnosis. Distinguished from most congeners by horns in male ocular area (
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<figureCitation id="A2902A7EFFF8FF86BD2FC14BFB323895" box="[1064,1227,1903,1928]" captionStart="FIGURES 445 – 455" captionStartId="111.[151,264,1431,1453]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1409]" captionTargetId="figure@111.[151,1436,193,1409]" captionTargetPageId="111" captionText="FIGURES 445 – 455. Smeringopina cornigera (Simon). 445 – 446. Male prosoma, frontal and oblique views; arrows point at pair of small horns. 447. Right male palp, dorsal view. 448. Left procursus, retrolatero-dorsal view. 449. Modified hairs on male clypeus. 450. Modified hairs on male chelicerae. 451. Hairs on left procursus. 452. Female ALS. 453. Male gonopore. 454. Female ocular area. 455. Epigynum, dorsal view. Abbreviations: b: bulb; e: embolus; pr: procursus. Scale lines: 10 µm (449), 20 µm (450, 452), 30 µm (451), 50 µm (453), 100 µm (454), 200 µm (447 – 448, 455), 300 µm (445 – 446)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284858/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs. 445–446</figureCitation>
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) and male clypeus with many small modified (globular) hairs on low humps near rim (
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<figureCitation id="A2902A7EFFF8FF86BAA7C1B0FB8F38B1" box="[928,1142,1940,1965]" captionStart="FIGURES 445 – 455" captionStartId="111.[151,264,1431,1453]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1409]" captionTargetId="figure@111.[151,1436,193,1409]" captionTargetPageId="111" captionText="FIGURES 445 – 455. Smeringopina cornigera (Simon). 445 – 446. Male prosoma, frontal and oblique views; arrows point at pair of small horns. 447. Right male palp, dorsal view. 448. Left procursus, retrolatero-dorsal view. 449. Modified hairs on male clypeus. 450. Modified hairs on male chelicerae. 451. Hairs on left procursus. 452. Female ALS. 453. Male gonopore. 454. Female ocular area. 455. Epigynum, dorsal view. Abbreviations: b: bulb; e: embolus; pr: procursus. Scale lines: 10 µm (449), 20 µm (450, 452), 30 µm (451), 50 µm (453), 100 µm (454), 200 µm (447 – 448, 455), 300 µm (445 – 446)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284858/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 445–446, 449</figureCitation>
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); from the very similar
|
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<taxonomicName id="FDAB4D78FFF8FF86BC80C1B1FF0838CD" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Smeringopina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nyasoso">
|
||
<emphasis id="08DFEAE9FFF8FF86BC80C1B1FF0838CD" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">S. nyasoso</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
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and
|
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<taxonomicName id="FDAB4D78FFF8FF86B82CC19DFE8038CC" box="[299,377,1976,2001]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Smeringopina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kala">
|
||
<emphasis id="08DFEAE9FFF8FF86B82CC19DFE8038CC" box="[299,377,1976,2001]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">S. kala</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
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by shape of procursus (almost circular in lateral view, with rounded posterior process;
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<figureCitation id="A2902A7EFFF8FF86BC62C19CFF0738E9" captionStart="FIGURES 439 – 444" captionStartId="110.[151,264,1399,1421]" captionTargetBox="[156,1430,195,1363]" captionTargetId="figure@110.[151,1436,193,1378]" captionTargetPageId="110" captionText="FIGURES 439 – 444. Smeringopina cornigera (Simon). 439 – 440. Left procursus, prolateral and retrolateral views. 441. Left embolus, prolateral view. 442. Male chelicerae, frontal view. 443. Epigynum, ventral view. 444. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.2 (441), 0.5 (439 – 440, 442 – 444)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284857/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs. 439–440</figureCitation>
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); females may be externally indistinguishable from those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDAB4D78FFF8FF86BAC8C1F9FBB338E9" box="[975,1098,2013,2036]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Smeringopina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nyasoso">
|
||
<emphasis id="08DFEAE9FFF8FF86BAC8C1F9FBB338E9" box="[975,1098,2013,2036]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">S. nyasoso</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDAB4D78FFF8FF86BD8DC1F9FB2238E8" box="[1162,1243,2012,2037]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Smeringopina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kala">
|
||
<emphasis id="08DFEAE9FFF8FF86BD8DC1F9FB2238E8" box="[1162,1243,2012,2037]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">S. kala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but the anterior epigynal process is apparently smaller than in these two species (note small sample sizes) and the position and shape of pore plates is significantly different from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDAB4D78FFF9FF87BBC9C699FCE33FC8" box="[718,794,188,213]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Smeringopina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kala">
|
||
<emphasis id="08DFEAE9FFF9FF87BBC9C699FCE33FC8" box="[718,794,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">S. kala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(compare
|
||
<figureCitation id="A2902A7EFFF9FF87BA95C698FC033FC9" box="[914,1018,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 439 – 444" captionStartId="110.[151,264,1399,1421]" captionTargetBox="[156,1430,195,1363]" captionTargetId="figure@110.[151,1436,193,1378]" captionTargetPageId="110" captionText="FIGURES 439 – 444. Smeringopina cornigera (Simon). 439 – 440. Left procursus, prolateral and retrolateral views. 441. Left embolus, prolateral view. 442. Male chelicerae, frontal view. 443. Epigynum, ventral view. 444. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.2 (441), 0.5 (439 – 440, 442 – 444)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284857/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs. 444</figureCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation id="A2902A7EFFF9FF87BD37C698FBA63FC8" box="[1072,1119,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 462 – 467" captionStartId="113.[151,264,1432,1454]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,193,1379]" captionTargetId="figure@113.[151,1436,193,1411]" captionTargetPageId="113" captionText="FIGURES 462 – 467. Smeringopina kala n. sp. 462 – 463. Left procursus, prolateral and retrolateral views. 464. Left embolus, prolateral view. 465. Male chelicerae, frontal view. 466. Epigynum, ventral view. 467. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.2 (464), 0.5 (462 – 463, 465 – 467)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284860/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">467</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3A1436FBFFF9FF87B9C0C6FBFE9C3CB8" blockId="29.[151,1436,151,1184]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
Male (NE
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDAB4D78FFF9FF87B846C6C4FE743FEA" box="[321,397,224,247]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Smeringopina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="29" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="etome" status="sp. nov.">Etome</taxonomicName>
|
||
, CAS). Total body length 4.2, carapace width 1.5. Leg 1: 48.2 (11.0 + 0.5 + 11.7 + 23.0 + 2.0), tibia 2: 7.1, tibia 3: 4.9, tibia 4: 7.4; tibia 1 L/d: 94. Distance PME-PME 230 µm, diameter PME 160 µm, distance PME-ALE 90 µm, distance AME-AME 35 µm, diameter AME 125 µm. Carapace ochre-yellow with triangular brown mark posteriorly, brown pit and brown lateral margins; ocular area not darkened, clypeus with red-brown lateral margins, sternum brown; legs ochre-yellow, darker rings barely visible; abdomen ochre-gray with dark pattern dorsally, laterally, and ventrally. Habitus as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="A2902A7EFFF9FF87BA6BC7B0FBE93EB1" box="[876,1040,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURES 401 – 410" captionStartId="105.[151,264,1919,1941]" captionTargetBox="[189,1403,193,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@105.[151,1436,193,1897]" captionTargetPageId="105" captionText="FIGURES 401 – 410. Smeringopina cornigera (Simon) (401 – 405) and S. nyasoso n. sp. (406 – 410). 401 – 402, 406 – 407. Males, dorsal, lateral, and ventral views. 403 – 405, 408 – 410. Left male palps, prolateral, dorsal, and retrolateral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284852/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs. 401–402</figureCitation>
|
||
, ocular area slightly elevated, each triad on additional hump, with two pairs of horns, one long and pointed above ALE, the other short, blunt and slightly more median (
|
||
<figureCitation id="A2902A7EFFF9FF87B890C7F8FDC73EE8" box="[407,574,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURES 445 – 455" captionStartId="111.[151,264,1431,1453]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1409]" captionTargetId="figure@111.[151,1436,193,1409]" captionTargetPageId="111" captionText="FIGURES 445 – 455. Smeringopina cornigera (Simon). 445 – 446. Male prosoma, frontal and oblique views; arrows point at pair of small horns. 447. Right male palp, dorsal view. 448. Left procursus, retrolatero-dorsal view. 449. Modified hairs on male clypeus. 450. Modified hairs on male chelicerae. 451. Hairs on left procursus. 452. Female ALS. 453. Male gonopore. 454. Female ocular area. 455. Epigynum, dorsal view. Abbreviations: b: bulb; e: embolus; pr: procursus. Scale lines: 10 µm (449), 20 µm (450, 452), 30 µm (451), 50 µm (453), 100 µm (454), 200 µm (447 – 448, 455), 300 µm (445 – 446)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284858/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs. 445–446</figureCitation>
|
||
), ‘pseudo-lenses’ only visible at PME; clypeus with pair of low humps near rim, each with ~20 small modified (globular) hairs, with small depression between humps (
|
||
<figureCitation id="A2902A7EFFF9FF87BDACC7DBFAAB3D05" box="[1195,1362,511,536]" captionStart="FIGURES 445 – 455" captionStartId="111.[151,264,1431,1453]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1409]" captionTargetId="figure@111.[151,1436,193,1409]" captionTargetPageId="111" captionText="FIGURES 445 – 455. Smeringopina cornigera (Simon). 445 – 446. Male prosoma, frontal and oblique views; arrows point at pair of small horns. 447. Right male palp, dorsal view. 448. Left procursus, retrolatero-dorsal view. 449. Modified hairs on male clypeus. 450. Modified hairs on male chelicerae. 451. Hairs on left procursus. 452. Female ALS. 453. Male gonopore. 454. Female ocular area. 455. Epigynum, dorsal view. Abbreviations: b: bulb; e: embolus; pr: procursus. Scale lines: 10 µm (449), 20 µm (450, 452), 30 µm (451), 50 µm (453), 100 µm (454), 200 µm (447 – 448, 455), 300 µm (445 – 446)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284858/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs. 445–446</figureCitation>
|
||
); deep thoracic pit and pair of shallow furrows diverging behind pit. Chelicerae as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="A2902A7EFFF9FF87BD31C400FB623D21" box="[1078,1179,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURES 439 – 444" captionStartId="110.[151,264,1399,1421]" captionTargetBox="[156,1430,195,1363]" captionTargetId="figure@110.[151,1436,193,1378]" captionTargetPageId="110" captionText="FIGURES 439 – 444. Smeringopina cornigera (Simon). 439 – 440. Left procursus, prolateral and retrolateral views. 441. Left embolus, prolateral view. 442. Male chelicerae, frontal view. 443. Epigynum, ventral view. 444. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.2 (441), 0.5 (439 – 440, 442 – 444)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284857/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 442</figureCitation>
|
||
, with lateral proximal apophyses and short distal apophyses, the latter and frontal cheliceral face with ~20 small modified (globular) hairs on each side (
|
||
<figureCitation id="A2902A7EFFF9FF87B834C448FE613D98" box="[307,408,620,645]" captionStart="FIGURES 445 – 455" captionStartId="111.[151,264,1431,1453]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1409]" captionTargetId="figure@111.[151,1436,193,1409]" captionTargetPageId="111" captionText="FIGURES 445 – 455. Smeringopina cornigera (Simon). 445 – 446. Male prosoma, frontal and oblique views; arrows point at pair of small horns. 447. Right male palp, dorsal view. 448. Left procursus, retrolatero-dorsal view. 449. Modified hairs on male clypeus. 450. Modified hairs on male chelicerae. 451. Hairs on left procursus. 452. Female ALS. 453. Male gonopore. 454. Female ocular area. 455. Epigynum, dorsal view. Abbreviations: b: bulb; e: embolus; pr: procursus. Scale lines: 10 µm (449), 20 µm (450, 452), 30 µm (451), 50 µm (453), 100 µm (454), 200 µm (447 – 448, 455), 300 µm (445 – 446)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284858/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 450</figureCitation>
|
||
). Palps as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="A2902A7EFFF9FF87BB2AC448FD283D98" box="[557,721,620,645]" captionStart="FIGURES 401 – 410" captionStartId="105.[151,264,1919,1941]" captionTargetBox="[189,1403,193,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@105.[151,1436,193,1897]" captionTargetPageId="105" captionText="FIGURES 401 – 410. Smeringopina cornigera (Simon) (401 – 405) and S. nyasoso n. sp. (406 – 410). 401 – 402, 406 – 407. Males, dorsal, lateral, and ventral views. 403 – 405, 408 – 410. Left male palps, prolateral, dorsal, and retrolateral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284852/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs. 403–405</figureCitation>
|
||
; coxa with retrolateral apophysis; trochanter with small ventral apophysis; femur with weakly sclerotized retrolateral flap and large whitish area ventrally, without prolateral modification; prolateral femur-patella joint only slightly shifted toward ventrally; tarsus with some longer but only slightly stronger hairs dorsally; procursus almost circular in lateral view, with rounded posterior process, without hinge, with many hairs on retrolateral face and pointed membranous process on prolateral side (
|
||
<figureCitation id="A2902A7EFFF9FF87BDF6C4D8FA613C09" box="[1265,1432,764,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 439 – 444" captionStartId="110.[151,264,1399,1421]" captionTargetBox="[156,1430,195,1363]" captionTargetId="figure@110.[151,1436,193,1378]" captionTargetPageId="110" captionText="FIGURES 439 – 444. Smeringopina cornigera (Simon). 439 – 440. Left procursus, prolateral and retrolateral views. 441. Left embolus, prolateral view. 442. Male chelicerae, frontal view. 443. Epigynum, ventral view. 444. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.2 (441), 0.5 (439 – 440, 442 – 444)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284857/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs. 439–440</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="A2902A7EFFF9FF87B990C504FECE3C25" box="[151,311,799,824]" captionStart="FIGURES 445 – 455" captionStartId="111.[151,264,1431,1453]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1409]" captionTargetId="figure@111.[151,1436,193,1409]" captionTargetPageId="111" captionText="FIGURES 445 – 455. Smeringopina cornigera (Simon). 445 – 446. Male prosoma, frontal and oblique views; arrows point at pair of small horns. 447. Right male palp, dorsal view. 448. Left procursus, retrolatero-dorsal view. 449. Modified hairs on male clypeus. 450. Modified hairs on male chelicerae. 451. Hairs on left procursus. 452. Female ALS. 453. Male gonopore. 454. Female ocular area. 455. Epigynum, dorsal view. Abbreviations: b: bulb; e: embolus; pr: procursus. Scale lines: 10 µm (449), 20 µm (450, 452), 30 µm (451), 50 µm (453), 100 µm (454), 200 µm (447 – 448, 455), 300 µm (445 – 446)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284858/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">447–448, 451</figureCitation>
|
||
); bulb with simple small embolus with small pointed process (
|
||
<figureCitation id="A2902A7EFFF9FF87BD0CC53BFB893C25" box="[1035,1136,799,824]" captionStart="FIGURES 439 – 444" captionStartId="110.[151,264,1399,1421]" captionTargetBox="[156,1430,195,1363]" captionTargetId="figure@110.[151,1436,193,1378]" captionTargetPageId="110" captionText="FIGURES 439 – 444. Smeringopina cornigera (Simon). 439 – 440. Left procursus, prolateral and retrolateral views. 441. Left embolus, prolateral view. 442. Male chelicerae, frontal view. 443. Epigynum, ventral view. 444. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.2 (441), 0.5 (439 – 440, 442 – 444)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284857/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 441</figureCitation>
|
||
). Legs without spines and curved hairs, with few vertical hairs, retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 1.5%; prolateral trichobothrium present on all tibiae; pseudosegments barely visible. ALS with eight spigots each; gonopore with two epiandrous spigots (
|
||
<figureCitation id="A2902A7EFFF9FF87B9F1C5A8FEA13CB8" box="[246,344,908,933]" captionStart="FIGURES 445 – 455" captionStartId="111.[151,264,1431,1453]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1409]" captionTargetId="figure@111.[151,1436,193,1409]" captionTargetPageId="111" captionText="FIGURES 445 – 455. Smeringopina cornigera (Simon). 445 – 446. Male prosoma, frontal and oblique views; arrows point at pair of small horns. 447. Right male palp, dorsal view. 448. Left procursus, retrolatero-dorsal view. 449. Modified hairs on male clypeus. 450. Modified hairs on male chelicerae. 451. Hairs on left procursus. 452. Female ALS. 453. Male gonopore. 454. Female ocular area. 455. Epigynum, dorsal view. Abbreviations: b: bulb; e: embolus; pr: procursus. Scale lines: 10 µm (449), 20 µm (450, 452), 30 µm (451), 50 µm (453), 100 µm (454), 200 µm (447 – 448, 455), 300 µm (445 – 446)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284858/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 453</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3A1436FBFFF9FF87B9C0C58BFEBE3CF0" blockId="29.[151,1436,151,1184]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
Variation. Tibia
|
||
<quantity id="FD539B1EFFF9FF87B885C594FE563CD5" box="[386,431,943,968]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
|
||
three other males: 10.1 (
|
||
<typeStatus id="E5108859FFF9FF87BBD6C58BFCC03CD5" box="[721,825,943,968]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
), 10.5, 10.7. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="E5108859FFF9FF87BD00C58BFB903CD5" box="[1031,1129,943,968]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
is slightly bleached but in good condition.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3A1436FBFFF9FF87B9C0C5D3FB213B60" blockId="29.[151,1436,151,1184]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
Female. In general similar to male; clypeus unmodified, with two dark bands from eye triads to rim; ocular area with one pair of low humps above ALE. Tibia
|
||
<quantity id="FD539B1EFFF9FF87BBECC238FCE13B28" box="[747,792,1052,1077]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
|
||
<specimenCount id="2CADFD72FFF9FF87BA26C239FC6D3B28" box="[801,916,1052,1077]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="female">7 females</specimenCount>
|
||
: 7.2–8.4 (mean 7.8). Epigynum anterior plate trapezoidal, with very small anterior process, lateral edges drawn backwards (
|
||
<figureCitation id="A2902A7EFFF9FF87BD29C21BFB663B45" box="[1070,1183,1087,1112]" captionStart="FIGURES 416 – 426" captionStartId="107.[151,264,1908,1930]" captionTargetBox="[176,1419,193,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@107.[151,1436,193,1886]" captionTargetPageId="107" captionText="FIGURES 416 – 426. Smeringopina kala n. sp. (416 – 420, 423, 426), S. cornigera (Simon) (421, 424), and S. nyasoso n. sp. (422, 425). 416 – 417. Male, dorsal and lateral views. 418 – 420. Left male palp, prolateral, dorsal, and retrolateral views. 421 – 423. Female abdomens, ventral views. 424 – 426. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284854/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs. 421</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="A2902A7EFFF9FF87BDA8C264FB253B45" box="[1199,1244,1088,1112]" captionStart="FIGURES 439 – 444" captionStartId="110.[151,264,1399,1421]" captionTargetBox="[156,1430,195,1363]" captionTargetId="figure@110.[151,1436,193,1378]" captionTargetPageId="110" captionText="FIGURES 439 – 444. Smeringopina cornigera (Simon). 439 – 440. Left procursus, prolateral and retrolateral views. 441. Left embolus, prolateral view. 442. Male chelicerae, frontal view. 443. Epigynum, ventral view. 444. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.2 (441), 0.5 (439 – 440, 442 – 444)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284857/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">443</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="A2902A7EFFF9FF87BDEBC21BFAE33B45" box="[1260,1306,1087,1112]" captionStart="FIGURES 445 – 455" captionStartId="111.[151,264,1431,1453]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1409]" captionTargetId="figure@111.[151,1436,193,1409]" captionTargetPageId="111" captionText="FIGURES 445 – 455. Smeringopina cornigera (Simon). 445 – 446. Male prosoma, frontal and oblique views; arrows point at pair of small horns. 447. Right male palp, dorsal view. 448. Left procursus, retrolatero-dorsal view. 449. Modified hairs on male clypeus. 450. Modified hairs on male chelicerae. 451. Hairs on left procursus. 452. Female ALS. 453. Male gonopore. 454. Female ocular area. 455. Epigynum, dorsal view. Abbreviations: b: bulb; e: embolus; pr: procursus. Scale lines: 10 µm (449), 20 µm (450, 452), 30 µm (451), 50 µm (453), 100 µm (454), 200 µm (447 – 448, 455), 300 µm (445 – 446)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284858/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">455</figureCitation>
|
||
); large flat posterior plate; internal genitalia as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="A2902A7EFFF9FF87BB42C240FD573B61" box="[581,686,1124,1149]" captionStart="FIGURES 416 – 426" captionStartId="107.[151,264,1908,1930]" captionTargetBox="[176,1419,193,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@107.[151,1436,193,1886]" captionTargetPageId="107" captionText="FIGURES 416 – 426. Smeringopina kala n. sp. (416 – 420, 423, 426), S. cornigera (Simon) (421, 424), and S. nyasoso n. sp. (422, 425). 416 – 417. Male, dorsal and lateral views. 418 – 420. Left male palp, prolateral, dorsal, and retrolateral views. 421 – 423. Female abdomens, ventral views. 424 – 426. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284854/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs. 424</figureCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation id="A2902A7EFFF9FF87BBE3C240FCEB3B61" box="[740,786,1124,1148]" captionStart="FIGURES 439 – 444" captionStartId="110.[151,264,1399,1421]" captionTargetBox="[156,1430,195,1363]" captionTargetId="figure@110.[151,1436,193,1378]" captionTargetPageId="110" captionText="FIGURES 439 – 444. Smeringopina cornigera (Simon). 439 – 440. Left procursus, prolateral and retrolateral views. 441. Left embolus, prolateral view. 442. Male chelicerae, frontal view. 443. Epigynum, ventral view. 444. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.2 (441), 0.5 (439 – 440, 442 – 444)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284857/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">444</figureCitation>
|
||
. ALS with eight spigots each (
|
||
<figureCitation id="A2902A7EFFF9FF87BD6EC240FB353B60" box="[1129,1228,1124,1149]" captionStart="FIGURES 445 – 455" captionStartId="111.[151,264,1431,1453]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1409]" captionTargetId="figure@111.[151,1436,193,1409]" captionTargetPageId="111" captionText="FIGURES 445 – 455. Smeringopina cornigera (Simon). 445 – 446. Male prosoma, frontal and oblique views; arrows point at pair of small horns. 447. Right male palp, dorsal view. 448. Left procursus, retrolatero-dorsal view. 449. Modified hairs on male clypeus. 450. Modified hairs on male chelicerae. 451. Hairs on left procursus. 452. Female ALS. 453. Male gonopore. 454. Female ocular area. 455. Epigynum, dorsal view. Abbreviations: b: bulb; e: embolus; pr: procursus. Scale lines: 10 µm (449), 20 µm (450, 452), 30 µm (451), 50 µm (453), 100 µm (454), 200 µm (447 – 448, 455), 300 µm (445 – 446)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284858/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 452</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3A1436FBFFF9FF87B9C0C2A3FBC23BBD" blockId="29.[151,1436,151,1184]" box="[199,1083,1159,1184]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
Distribution. Known from two localities in southwestern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="42BC766BFFF9FF87BA4FC2ACFC453BBD" box="[840,956,1160,1184]" name="Cameroon" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="A2902A7EFFF9FF87BACBC2A3FBD73BBD" box="[972,1070,1159,1184]" captionStart="FIGURE 390" captionStartId="103.[151,250,995,1017]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,973]" captionTargetId="figure@103.[151,1436,193,973]" captionTargetPageId="103" captionText="FIGURE 390. Known distribution of the cornigera species group. Question marks denote unidentified females deposited in CAS (Bioko, probably new species) and ZFMK (southern Cameroon, possibly S. kala)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/284850/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 390</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |