281 lines
37 KiB
XML
281 lines
37 KiB
XML
<document id="AD4B573F53138B2317D7FB8C95FA92ED" ID-CLB-Dataset="22679" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4358.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="674df513-ce5b-4baa-83f0-f523778521c3" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3769301" ID-ZooBank="B87D1209-CCFB-40A5-A9BB-9E6C55A8CCA2" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1587998587914" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Blend, Charles K., Karar, Yasser F. M. & Dronen, Norman O." docDate="2017" docId="906987D4FFA16F638DB831B4FA79F9EF" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4358.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4358 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Megaperinae Manter 1934" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="9" masterDocId="6C50FFACFFA66F6B8D2F3771FFE5FFA8" masterDocTitle="Revision of the Megaperidae Manter, 1934 n. comb. (Syn. Apocreadiidae Skrjabin, 1942) including a reorganization of the Schistorchiinae Yamaguti, 1942" masterLastPageNumber="44" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="8" updateTime="1698836930005" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="7F487D355E5526987E44B115DA08C79B">Revision of the Megaperidae Manter, 1934 n. comb. (Syn. Apocreadiidae Skrjabin, 1942) including a reorganization of the Schistorchiinae Yamaguti, 1942</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5A394CFD7176D3E1B70B56FDB8E68AB3">Blend, Charles K.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="493503FCBE2437F4372D01DF676ADF61">Corpus Christi Museum of Science & History, 1900 N. Chaparral St., Corpus Christi, Texas 78401, USA. E-mail: ilovethesea @ att. net Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, South Valley University, 83523 Qena, Egypt. E-mail: yasser. karar @ sci. svu. edu. eg Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Wildlife & Fisheries Sciences, Wildlife, Fisheries & Ecological Sciences Building, TAMU 2258, Bldg. 1537, 534 John Kimbrough Blvd., College Station, Texas 77843, USA. E-mail: n-dronen @ tamu. edu</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="88BE90E7ADFC99F5D679AC45D10B14E5">Karar, Yasser F. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2CDE2606E47456F5B9DE339E76435F13">Dronen, Norman O.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="4A6A1B29CEAB4798339BD7B969B864D2">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="5B1C83054A97360F910B590464681243">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="5120BDB00AF6C57A97EA173A5B340CB6">2017-11-28</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="0641896EE32EB1D67E7ABD4E04332740">4358</mods:number>
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<treatment id="906987D4FFA16F638DB831B4FA79F9EF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3800312" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163751549" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3800312" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:906987D4FFA16F638DB831B4FA79F9EF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/906987D4FFA16F638DB831B4FA79F9EF" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<subSubSection id="50DA6549FFA16F6C8DB831B4FD95F977" box="[151,624,1733,1759]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="187F36C2FFA16F6C8DB831B4FD95F977" blockId="7.[151,624,1733,1759]" box="[151,624,1733,1759]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<heading id="433781AEFFA16F6C8DB831B4FD95F977" bold="true" box="[151,624,1733,1759]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="2AB4EAD0FFA16F6C8DB831B4FD95F977" bold="true" box="[151,624,1733,1759]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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Subfamily
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<taxonomicName id="DFC04D41FFA16F6C8C3031B4FD95F977" ID-CoL="844W3" authority="Manter, 1934" authorityName="Manter" authorityYear="1934" box="[287,624,1733,1759]" class="Trematoda" family="Apocreadiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Megaperinae">
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Megaperinae
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<bibRefCitation id="7C514B33FFA16F6C8CE431B4FD95F977" author="Manter, H. W." box="[459,624,1733,1759]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="293" refId="ref34609" refString="Manter, H. W. (1934) Megapera, new name for the trematode genus Eurypera Manter, 1933. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 53, 293. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3222107" type="journal article" year="1934">Manter, 1934</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="50DA6549FFA16F638DB8307DFB3EFE5C" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="187F36C2FFA16F638DB8307DFB3EFE5C" blockId="7.[151,1437,1804,2009]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1437,151,1256]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis id="2AB4EAD0FFA16F6C8DB8307DFEF4F88D" bold="true" box="[151,273,1804,1829]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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(Based on
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<bibRefCitation id="7C514B33FFA16F6C8CBC307CFDFFF88D" author="Bray, R. A." box="[403,538,1804,1829]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="683 - 685" refId="ref33018" refString="Bray, R. A. (2005 b) Family Megaperidae Manter, 1934. In: Jones, A., Bray, R. A. & Gibson, D. I. (Eds.), Keys to the Trematoda. Vol. 2. CABI Publishing and the Natural History Museum, Wallingford, pp. 683 - 685." type="book chapter" year="2005">Bray 2005b</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="7C514B33FFA16F6C8F08307DFD07F88C" author="Pulis, E. E. & Curran, S. S. & Andres, M. J. & Overstreet, R. M." box="[551,738,1804,1829]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="269 - 274" refId="ref35336" refString="Pulis, E. E., Curran, S. S., Andres, M. J. & Overstreet, R. M. (2014) Change in rank of Megaperidae (Trematoda) to Megaperinae within the Apocreadiidae and description of Haintestinum amplum n. g., n. sp. Parasitology International, 63, 269 - 274. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. parint. 2013.11.007" type="journal article" year="2014">
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Pulis
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<emphasis id="2AB4EAD0FFA16F6C8F48307CFD7FF88D" box="[615,666,1804,1829]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al</emphasis>
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. 2014
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</bibRefCitation>
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) Body small, rounded, oval or elongate. Tegument spinous at anterior extremity; posterior extent of spines variable. Eye-spot pigment present. Oral sucker subterminal, oval, globular or infundibuliform, larger than ventral sucker. Ventral sucker round, equatorial or pre-equatorial. Prepharynx present. Pharynx weakly muscular, cup-shaped, with lobed anterior margin. Esophagus present or absent. Intestinal bifurcation in mid-forebody. Caeca broad to narrow, with or without anterior extensions to oral sucker, open via ani at posterior extremity. Testes two, large, tandem or opposite, pre-ovarian or post-ovarian, in forebody or hindbody. Cirrus pouch absent. Seminal vesicle saccate to elongate, near ventral sucker. Pars prostatica globular, well-developed; prostatic cells present. Genital atrium short, muscular or shallow. Genital pore median, in posterior region of forebody. Ovary subspherical or lobed, at level of ventral sucker or anterior hindbody, median or submedian, pre- or post-testicular. Canalicular seminal receptacle and Mehlis’ gland present. Laurer’s canal present or absent. Vitellarium follicular; follicles lateral, in hindbody only or in both hindbody and forebody. Uterus short, extends posteriorly to level of ovary. Eggs few to many, medium to large, thin-shelled. Excretory vesicle I-shaped in adults, Y-shaped in cercariae; excretory pore terminal. Eggs unembryonated when laid, embryonate to produce miracidia which infect marine calyptraeid snails wherein polyembryony produces rediae that develop oculate cercariae that are shed out into open environment, encyst, and develop metacercariae infective to definitive host. Adults in intestine of marine teleosts (
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<taxonomicName id="DFC04D41FFAE6F638E2336ADFC07FE5D" box="[780,994,476,501]" class="Actinopterygii" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraodontiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Tetraodontiformes</taxonomicName>
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); NW Atlantic Ocean.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="50DA6549FFAE6F638DE8368EFD97FDB0" box="[199,626,511,536]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph id="187F36C2FFAE6F638DE8368EFD97FDB0" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1256]" box="[199,626,511,536]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<emphasis id="2AB4EAD0FFAE6F638DE8368EFEB1FDB0" bold="true" box="[199,340,511,536]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<typeStatus id="C77B8860FFAE6F638DE8368EFEE7FDB0" box="[199,258,511,536]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Type</typeStatus>
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genus.
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="DFC04D41FFAE6F638C743570FD8AFDB0" ID-CoL="1540dfba-74c7-4a2d-a8c7-c42b3f9cff31" authority="Manter, 1934" authorityName="Manter" authorityYear="1934" box="[347,623,512,536]" class="Trematoda" family="Megaperidae" genus="Megapera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="2AB4EAD0FFAE6F638C743570FE2BFDB0" box="[347,462,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Megapera</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="7C514B33FFAE6F638CFA3571FD8AFDB0" author="Manter, H. W." box="[469,623,512,536]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="293" refId="ref34609" refString="Manter, H. W. (1934) Megapera, new name for the trematode genus Eurypera Manter, 1933. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 53, 293. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3222107" type="journal article" year="1934">Manter, 1934</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="50DA6549FFAE6F638DE83555FA78FB40" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="187F36C2FFAE6F638DE83555FEFAFCBC" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1256]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<emphasis id="2AB4EAD0FFAE6F638DE83555FEDEFD95" bold="true" box="[199,315,548,573]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Remarks.</emphasis>
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Members of the
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<taxonomicName id="DFC04D41FFAE6F638CD03555FD74FD95" authorityName="Manter" authorityYear="1934" box="[511,657,548,573]" class="Trematoda" family="Apocreadiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Megaperinae">Megaperinae</taxonomicName>
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are unique within the
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<taxonomicName id="DFC04D41FFAE6F638EBC3555FBC0FD95" authorityName="Manter" authorityYear="1934" box="[915,1061,548,573]" class="Trematoda" family="Megaperidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Megaperidae</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="2AB4EAD0FFAE6F6389023555FB71FD95" bold="true" box="[1069,1172,548,573]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">n. comb.</emphasis>
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in possessing a genital pore anterior to the ventral sucker, an oral sucker lacking a partial U-shaped sphincter encircling the aperture of the sucker, and caeca that open via ani. The main features used to distinguish the three recognized genera of megaperines include the morphology of the intestine (H-shaped
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<emphasis id="2AB4EAD0FFAE6F638E4B35E0FC9EFD00" box="[868,891,657,680]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">vs</emphasis>
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caeca posteriorly-directed only), the presence or absence of an esophagus, the presence or absence of radiating alternating muscular and cellular bands within the oral sucker, and whether or not the oral sucker is enclosed in a fold of the body wall (
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<bibRefCitation id="7C514B33FFAE6F63896A35A9FB28FD58" author="Bray, R. A." box="[1093,1229,727,752]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="683 - 685" refId="ref33018" refString="Bray, R. A. (2005 b) Family Megaperidae Manter, 1934. In: Jones, A., Bray, R. A. & Gibson, D. I. (Eds.), Keys to the Trematoda. Vol. 2. CABI Publishing and the Natural History Museum, Wallingford, pp. 683 - 685." type="book chapter" year="2005">Bray 2005b</bibRefCitation>
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||
;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="7C514B33FFAE6F6389F735A6FABCFD58" author="Cribb, T. H." box="[1240,1369,727,752]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="621 - 639" refId="ref33192" refString="Cribb, T. H. (2005) Family Apocreadiidae Skrjabin, 1942. In: Jones, A., Bray, R. A. & Gibson, D. I. (Eds.), Keys to the Trematoda. Vol. 2. CABI Publishing and the Natural History Museum, Wallingford, pp. 621 - 639." type="book chapter" year="2005">Cribb 2005</bibRefCitation>
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||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7C514B33FFAE6F63884B35A6FEF6FCBC" author="Pulis, E. E. & Curran, S. S. & Andres, M. J. & Overstreet, R. M." pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="269 - 274" refId="ref35336" refString="Pulis, E. E., Curran, S. S., Andres, M. J. & Overstreet, R. M. (2014) Change in rank of Megaperidae (Trematoda) to Megaperinae within the Apocreadiidae and description of Haintestinum amplum n. g., n. sp. Parasitology International, 63, 269 - 274. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. parint. 2013.11.007" type="journal article" year="2014">
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||
Pulis
|
||
<emphasis id="2AB4EAD0FFAE6F638DB8358CFF2DFCBD" box="[151,200,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al</emphasis>
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||
. 2014
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</bibRefCitation>
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||
).
|
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="187F36C2FFAE6F638DE83451FA78FB40" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1256]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
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As detailed earlier,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DFC04D41FFAE6F638C833450FDFAFC90" authorityName="Manter" authorityYear="1934" box="[428,543,801,824]" class="Trematoda" family="Megaperidae" genus="Megapera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="2AB4EAD0FFAE6F638C833450FDFAFC90" box="[428,543,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Megapera</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
(Syn.
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||
<taxonomicName id="DFC04D41FFAE6F638F5E3450FC9AFC90" authority="Manter, 1933" authorityName="Manter" authorityYear="1933" box="[625,895,800,824]" class="Trematoda" family="Apocreadiidae" genus="Eurypera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="2AB4EAD0FFAE6F638F5E3450FD3EFC90" box="[625,731,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Eurypera</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="7C514B33FFAE6F638FCA3451FC9AFC90" author="Manter, H. W." box="[741,895,800,824]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="233 - 242" refId="ref34568" refString="Manter, H. W. (1933) A new family of trematodes from marine fishes. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 52, 233 - 242. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3222258" type="journal article" year="1933">Manter, 1933</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<emphasis id="2AB4EAD0FFAE6F638EA53450FC54FC90" box="[906,945,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">nec</emphasis>
|
||
Pascoe, 1870) was established by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7C514B33FFAE6F6388643451FF3FFCF4" author="Manter, H. W." pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="233 - 242" refId="ref34568" refString="Manter, H. W. (1933) A new family of trematodes from marine fishes. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 52, 233 - 242. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3222258" type="journal article" year="1933">Manter (1933</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
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||
<bibRefCitation id="7C514B33FFAE6F638DC73435FEC1FCF4" author="Manter, H. W." box="[232,292,836,860]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="293" refId="ref34609" refString="Manter, H. W. (1934) Megapera, new name for the trematode genus Eurypera Manter, 1933. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 53, 293. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3222107" type="journal article" year="1934">1934</bibRefCitation>
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||
), who described the
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||
<typeStatus id="C77B8860FFAE6F638F3D3434FDA7FCF5" box="[530,578,837,861]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">type</typeStatus>
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||
species,
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||
<taxonomicName id="DFC04D41FFAE6F638F833434FB01FCF4" authority="(Manter, 1933) Manter, 1934" authorityName="Manter" authorityYear="1934" baseAuthorityName="Manter" baseAuthorityYear="1933" box="[684,1252,836,861]" class="Trematoda" family="Megaperidae" genus="Megapera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="pseudura">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AB4EAD0FFAE6F638F833434FC75FCF5" box="[684,912,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Megapera pseudura</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7C514B33FFAE6F638E8E3435FBDEFCF4" author="Manter, H. W." box="[929,1083,836,860]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="233 - 242" refId="ref34568" refString="Manter, H. W. (1933) A new family of trematodes from marine fishes. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 52, 233 - 242. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3222258" type="journal article" year="1933">Manter, 1933</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7C514B33FFAE6F6389633434FB01FCF4" author="Manter, H. W." box="[1100,1252,836,860]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="293" refId="ref34609" refString="Manter, H. W. (1934) Megapera, new name for the trematode genus Eurypera Manter, 1933. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 53, 293. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3222107" type="journal article" year="1934">Manter, 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Syn.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DFC04D41FFAE6F63881D3434FE4DFC28" authority="Manter, 1933" authorityName="Manter" authorityYear="1933" class="Trematoda" family="Apocreadiidae" genus="Eurypera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="pseudura">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AB4EAD0FFAE6F63881D3434FF1AFC28" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Eurypera pseudura</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7C514B33FFAE6F638C243419FE4DFC28" author="Manter, H. W." box="[267,424,872,896]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="233 - 242" refId="ref34568" refString="Manter, H. W. (1933) A new family of trematodes from marine fishes. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 52, 233 - 242. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3222258" type="journal article" year="1933">Manter, 1933</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), from the intestine of the scrawled cowfish,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DFC04D41FFAE6F638EE83419FB99FC28" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[967,1148,871,896]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ostraciidae" genus="Lactophrys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraodontiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quadricornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AB4EAD0FFAE6F638EE83419FC3DFCD7" box="[967,984,872,895]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="2AB4EAD0FFAE6F638EC43416FB99FC28" box="[1003,1148,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">quadricornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from off Dry
|
||
<collectingCountry id="60D77652FFAE6F63881C3419FA7DFC28" box="[1331,1432,872,896]" name="Haiti" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Tortugas</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Florida. In that same publication,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7C514B33FFAE6F638F3E34FCFD56FC0C" author="Manter, H. W." box="[529,691,908,932]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="233 - 242" refId="ref34568" refString="Manter, H. W. (1933) A new family of trematodes from marine fishes. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 52, 233 - 242. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3222258" type="journal article" year="1933">Manter (1933)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
erected
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DFC04D41FFAE6F638E3D34FDFC28FC0D" authorityName="Manter" authorityYear="1933" box="[786,973,908,933]" class="Trematoda" family="Megaperidae" genus="Thysanopharynx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AB4EAD0FFAE6F638E3D34FDFC28FC0D" box="[786,973,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Thysanopharynx</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with the description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DFC04D41FFAE6F6389F934FCFABAFC0D" authorityName="Manter" authorityYear="1933" box="[1238,1375,908,933]" class="Trematoda" family="Megaperidae" genus="Thysanopharynx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="elongatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AB4EAD0FFAE6F6389F934FCFABAFC0D" box="[1238,1375,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">T. elongatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the same host species and locality.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7C514B33FFAE6F638F3534DEFD04FC60" author="Pulis, E. E. & Curran, S. S. & Andres, M. J. & Overstreet, R. M." box="[538,737,943,968]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="269 - 274" refId="ref35336" refString="Pulis, E. E., Curran, S. S., Andres, M. J. & Overstreet, R. M. (2014) Change in rank of Megaperidae (Trematoda) to Megaperinae within the Apocreadiidae and description of Haintestinum amplum n. g., n. sp. Parasitology International, 63, 269 - 274. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. parint. 2013.11.007" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Pulis
|
||
<emphasis id="2AB4EAD0FFAE6F638F7734C0FD6DFC60" box="[600,648,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2014)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
erected
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DFC04D41FFAE6F638E1134C0FC30FC60" authorityName="Pulis, Curran, Andres & Overstreet" authorityYear="2014" box="[830,981,945,968]" class="Trematoda" family="Apocreadiidae" genus="Haintestinum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AB4EAD0FFAE6F638E1134C0FC30FC60" box="[830,981,945,968]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Haintestinum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DFC04D41FFAE6F63895334C0FB1DFC60" authorityName="Pulis, Curran, Andres & Overstreet" authorityYear="2014" box="[1148,1272,943,968]" class="Trematoda" family="Apocreadiidae" genus="Haintestinum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="amplum">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AB4EAD0FFAE6F63895334C0FB75FC60" box="[1148,1168,945,968]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="2AB4EAD0FFAE6F6389B134DEFB1DFC60" box="[1182,1272,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">amplum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
obtained from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DFC04D41FFAE6F638DB834A5FEACFC45" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[151,329,980,1005]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ostraciidae" genus="Lactophrys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraodontiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quadricornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AB4EAD0FFAE6F638DB834A5FF4DFC43" box="[151,168,980,1003]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="2AB4EAD0FFAE6F638D9734A5FEACFC45" box="[184,329,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">quadricornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
off Florida in the eastern Gulf of Mexico. The single species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DFC04D41FFAE6F63891334A4FB36FC44" authorityName="Pulis, Curran, Andres & Overstreet" authorityYear="2014" box="[1084,1235,981,1004]" class="Trematoda" family="Apocreadiidae" genus="Haintestinum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AB4EAD0FFAE6F63891334A4FB36FC44" box="[1084,1235,981,1004]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Haintestinum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
known to date is unique in that it possesses an intestine composed of paired caeca directed anteriorly and posteriorly (H-shaped) and has an esophagus; members of the other two genera of megaperines have neither of these features. Members of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DFC04D41FFAE6F638DB83330FEEFFBF0" authorityName="Manter" authorityYear="1934" box="[151,266,1089,1112]" class="Trematoda" family="Megaperidae" genus="Megapera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AB4EAD0FFAE6F638DB83330FEEFFBF0" box="[151,266,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Megapera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DFC04D41FFAE6F638C6D334EFE18FBF0" authorityName="Manter" authorityYear="1933" box="[322,509,1087,1112]" class="Trematoda" family="Megaperidae" genus="Thysanopharynx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AB4EAD0FFAE6F638C6D334EFE18FBF0" box="[322,509,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Thysanopharynx</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be differentiated by the former having an oral sucker that is much larger than the ventral sucker with radiating alternating muscle and cellular bands and an oral sucker not enclosed in a fold of the body wall; whereas, species of the latter genus have an oral sucker only slightly larger than the ventral sucker, lack distinct radiating muscle bands and the oral sucker is almost wholly enclosed in a fold of the body wall (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7C514B33FFAE6F63884B33DDFF05FB40" author="Bray, R. A." pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="683 - 685" refId="ref33018" refString="Bray, R. A. (2005 b) Family Megaperidae Manter, 1934. In: Jones, A., Bray, R. A. & Gibson, D. I. (Eds.), Keys to the Trematoda. Vol. 2. CABI Publishing and the Natural History Museum, Wallingford, pp. 683 - 685." type="book chapter" year="2005">Bray 2005b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7C514B33FFAE6F638DC433BEFE40FB40" author="Pulis, E. E. & Curran, S. S. & Andres, M. J. & Overstreet, R. M." box="[235,421,1231,1256]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="269 - 274" refId="ref35336" refString="Pulis, E. E., Curran, S. S., Andres, M. J. & Overstreet, R. M. (2014) Change in rank of Megaperidae (Trematoda) to Megaperinae within the Apocreadiidae and description of Haintestinum amplum n. g., n. sp. Parasitology International, 63, 269 - 274. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. parint. 2013.11.007" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Pulis
|
||
<emphasis id="2AB4EAD0FFAE6F638C0533A0FEBEFB40" box="[298,347,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Given this information, we consider the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DFC04D41FFAE6F638E5633BEFBEEFB40" authorityName="Manter" authorityYear="1934" box="[889,1035,1231,1256]" class="Trematoda" family="Apocreadiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Megaperinae">Megaperinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
to be a distinct, well-defined taxon.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="50DA6549FFAE6F638DB8324DFA79F9EF" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="key">
|
||
<paragraph id="187F36C2FFAE6F638DB8324DFB7BFAFD" blockId="8.[151,1182,1339,1366]" box="[151,1182,1339,1366]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AB4EAD0FFAE6F638DB8324DFD58FAFE" bold="true" box="[151,701,1340,1366]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
Key to genera of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DFC04D41FFAE6F638C43324DFD58FAFE" ID-CoL="844W3" authority="Manter, 1934" authorityName="Manter" authorityYear="1934" box="[364,701,1340,1366]" class="Trematoda" family="Apocreadiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Megaperinae">
|
||
Megaperinae
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7C514B33FFAE6F638F37324DFD58FAFE" author="Manter, H. W." box="[536,701,1340,1366]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="293" refId="ref34609" refString="Manter, H. W. (1934) Megapera, new name for the trematode genus Eurypera Manter, 1933. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 53, 293. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3222107" type="journal article" year="1934">Manter, 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(based on
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7C514B33FFAE6F638E13324DFC2FFAFD" author="Bray, R. A." box="[828,970,1339,1366]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="683 - 685" refId="ref33018" refString="Bray, R. A. (2005 b) Family Megaperidae Manter, 1934. In: Jones, A., Bray, R. A. & Gibson, D. I. (Eds.), Keys to the Trematoda. Vol. 2. CABI Publishing and the Natural History Museum, Wallingford, pp. 683 - 685." type="book chapter" year="2005">Bray 2005b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7C514B33FFAE6F638EF9324AFB70FAFD" author="Pulis, E. E. & Curran, S. S. & Andres, M. J. & Overstreet, R. M." box="[982,1173,1339,1366]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="269 - 274" refId="ref35336" refString="Pulis, E. E., Curran, S. S., Andres, M. J. & Overstreet, R. M. (2014) Change in rank of Megaperidae (Trematoda) to Megaperinae within the Apocreadiidae and description of Haintestinum amplum n. g., n. sp. Parasitology International, 63, 269 - 274. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. parint. 2013.11.007" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Pulis
|
||
<emphasis id="2AB4EAD0FFAE6F638938324DFBAFFAFD" box="[1047,1098,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<key id="6C5161F3FFAE6F638DB832F3FA79F9EF" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<keyStep id="A3342E67FFAE6F638DB832F3FA79FA7A" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="187F36C2FFAE6F638DB832F3FA79FA1C" blockId="8.[151,1436,1410,1607]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<keyLead id="A33195F7FFAE6F638DB832F3FA79FA1C" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
1a. Intestine composed of paired caeca directed anteriorly and posteriorly (H-shaped); esophagus present............................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DFC04D41FFAE6F638E5032EEFA7CFA1C" ID-CoL="7PJ2R" authority="Pulis, Curran, Andres & Overstreet, 2014" authorityName="Pulis, Curran, Andres & Overstreet" authorityYear="2014" box="[895,1433,1439,1460]" class="Trematoda" family="Apocreadiidae" genus="Haintestinum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AB4EAD0FFAE6F638E5032EEFBE5FA1C" box="[895,1024,1439,1460]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Haintestinum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7C514B33FFAE6F63892732EEFA7CFA1C" author="Pulis, E. E. & Curran, S. S. & Andres, M. J. & Overstreet, R. M." box="[1032,1433,1439,1460]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="269 - 274" refId="ref35336" refString="Pulis, E. E., Curran, S. S., Andres, M. J. & Overstreet, R. M. (2014) Change in rank of Megaperidae (Trematoda) to Megaperinae within the Apocreadiidae and description of Haintestinum amplum n. g., n. sp. Parasitology International, 63, 269 - 274. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. parint. 2013.11.007" type="journal article" year="2014">Pulis, Curran, Andres & Overstreet, 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="187F36C2FFAE6F638DB832CCFA79FA7A" blockId="8.[151,1436,1410,1607]" box="[151,1436,1469,1490]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<keyLead id="A33195F7FFAE6F638DB832CCFA79FA7A" box="[151,1436,1469,1490]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">1b. Intestine composed of paired caeca directed only posterior; esophagus absent..................................... 2.</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="A3342E67FFAE6F638DB832ABFA79F9EF" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="187F36C2FFAE6F638DB832ABFA79F9A4" blockId="8.[151,1436,1410,1607]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<keyLead id="A33195F7FFAE6F638DB832ABFA79F9A4" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
2a. Oral sucker much larger than ventral sucker with radiating alternating muscle and cellular bands; sucker not enclosed in fold of body wall................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DFC04D41FFAE6F638FF63286FC27F9A4" ID-CoL="1540dfba-74c7-4a2d-a8c7-c42b3f9cff31" authority="Manter, 1934" authorityName="Manter" authorityYear="1934" box="[729,962,1527,1548]" class="Trematoda" family="Megaperidae" genus="Megapera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AB4EAD0FFAE6F638FF63286FCD9F9A4" box="[729,828,1527,1548]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Megapera</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7C514B33FFAE6F638E6D3286FC27F9A4" author="Manter, H. W." box="[834,962,1527,1548]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="293" refId="ref34609" refString="Manter, H. W. (1934) Megapera, new name for the trematode genus Eurypera Manter, 1933. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 53, 293. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3222107" type="journal article" year="1934">Manter, 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Syn.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DFC04D41FFAE6F63892E3286FB07F9A4" authority="Manter, 1933" authorityName="Manter" authorityYear="1933" box="[1025,1250,1527,1548]" class="Trematoda" family="Apocreadiidae" genus="Eurypera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AB4EAD0FFAE6F63892E3286FBB9F9A4" box="[1025,1116,1527,1548]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Eurypera</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7C514B33FFAE6F63894D3286FB07F9A4" author="Manter, H. W." box="[1122,1250,1527,1548]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="233 - 242" refId="ref34568" refString="Manter, H. W. (1933) A new family of trematodes from marine fishes. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 52, 233 - 242. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3222258" type="journal article" year="1933">Manter, 1933</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="2AB4EAD0FFAE6F6389C73286FAECF9A4" box="[1256,1289,1527,1548]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">nec</emphasis>
|
||
Pascoe, 1870).
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="187F36C2FFAE6F638DB83164FA79F9EF" blockId="8.[151,1436,1410,1607]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<keyLead id="A33195F7FFAE6F638DB83164FA79F9EF" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
2b. Oral sucker only slightly larger than ventral sucker and lacking distinct radiating muscle bands; sucker almost wholly enclosed in fold of body wall...........................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DFC04D41FFAE6F6389403143FA7CF9EF" ID-CoL="6058623b-a4ac-45c8-aa10-7b4caac02a99" authority="Manter, 1933" authorityName="Manter" authorityYear="1933" box="[1135,1433,1586,1607]" class="Trematoda" family="Megaperidae" genus="Thysanopharynx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AB4EAD0FFAE6F6389403143FAEAF9EF" box="[1135,1295,1586,1607]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Thysanopharynx</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7C514B33FFAE6F63883A3143FA7CF9EF" author="Manter, H. W." box="[1301,1433,1586,1607]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="233 - 242" refId="ref34568" refString="Manter, H. W. (1933) A new family of trematodes from marine fishes. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 52, 233 - 242. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3222258" type="journal article" year="1933">Manter, 1933</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
</key>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |