treatments-xml/data/9C/5C/87/9C5C87C4AB5CFFE5FF2EFBFFFC31FAEB.xml
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<document id="64A5E3F208C20BC2171D37FCECE15F9F" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4811.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3944031" ID-ZooBank="EB3E2796-D738-405B-AAB7-4D8209214114" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1594719006450" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Weglarz, Kathryn M. &amp; Bartlett, Charles R" docDate="2020" docId="9C5C87C4AB5CFFE5FF2EFBFFFC31FAEB" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4811.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4811 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Chionomus dissipatus Weglarz &amp; Bartlett 2020, new combination" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="21" masterDocId="6065FFBCAB4EFFF1FFB9FFA3FF90FF90" masterDocTitle="A revision of the planthopper genus Chionomus Fennah (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea: Delphacidae)" masterLastPageNumber="63" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="19" updateTime="1698781408566" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="AB5B7E6BB1D1D06D6DFE8AA9B33F1C89">A revision of the planthopper genus Chionomus Fennah (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea: Delphacidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C4753680BB906C4B59ED4C20891704FA">Weglarz, Kathryn M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="399021CE1C37B011C80A6E5E366C45AC">Bartlett, Charles R</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="1C0553D2853251FC34D35A3F3228F540">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="10D5364529363AA14825BCD130E88DDA">
<mods:date id="AF62A60F4B9016D9084AEF160F5DB111">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="C5370A4E18DA76BA12DBA6054C094D26">2020-07-14</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="669E6DBF18B744077B0A733745E82A2D">4811</mods:number>
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<treatment id="9C5C87C4AB5CFFE5FF2EFBFFFC31FAEB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4335526" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4335526" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9C5C87C4AB5CFFE5FF2EFBFFFC31FAEB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9C5C87C4AB5CFFE5FF2EFBFFFC31FAEB" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<subSubSection id="5CEF6559AB5CFFE3FF2EFBFFFCB9FBE6" box="[151,809,1116,1143]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="144A36D2AB5CFFE3FF2EFBFFFCB9FBE6" blockId="18.[151,809,1116,1178]" box="[151,809,1116,1143]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<heading id="4F0281BEAB5CFFE3FF2EFBFFFCB9FBE6" bold="true" box="[151,809,1116,1143]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" reason="1">
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5CFFE3FF2EFBFFFCB9FBE6" bold="true" box="[151,809,1116,1143]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<taxonomicName id="D3F54D51AB5CFFE3FF2EFBFFFDD5FBE6" ID-CoL="9FNJZ" authority="(Muir, 1926)" authorityName="Weglarz &amp; Bartlett" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Muir" baseAuthorityYear="1926" box="[151,581,1116,1143]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Chionomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dissipatus" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5CFFE3FF2EFBFFFE32FBE7" bold="true" box="[151,418,1116,1143]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Chionomus dissipatus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="70644B23AB5CFFE3FE08FBFFFDADFBE6" author="Muir, F. A. G." box="[433,573,1116,1142]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 51" refId="ref29110" refString="Muir, F. A. G. (1926) Contributions to our knowledge of South American Fulgoroidea (Homoptera): Part I. The family Delphacidae. Bulletin of the Experiment Station of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters Association, Entomological Series, 18, 1 - 51." type="journal article" year="1926">Muir, 1926</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3DB257BBAB5CFFE3FDEAFBFEFCB9FBE6" box="[595,809,1116,1143]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species">new combination</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5CEF6559AB5CFFE3FF2EFB23FEADFB0A" box="[151,317,1152,1178]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="description">
<paragraph id="144A36D2AB5CFFE3FF2EFB23FEADFB0A" blockId="18.[151,809,1116,1178]" box="[151,317,1152,1178]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
(
<figureCitation id="8CCE2A57AB5CFFE3FF26FB23FE9BFB0A" box="[159,267,1152,1178]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1760,1785]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,489,1735]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1435,489,1735]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 8. Habitus of Chionomus dissipatus (holotype; A, C, E-F); A. habitus dorsal view, brachypterous holotype; B. habitus dorsal view, macropter; C. habitus lateral view, brachypterous holotype; D. habitus lateral view, macropter; E. labels of holotype; F. habitus front of holotype; G. caudal view of male terminalia; H. left lateral view of male terminalia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3944047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3944047/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Figures 8</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="8CCE2A57AB5CFFE3FEA1FB23FEA5FB0A" box="[280,309,1152,1178]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1104,1129]" captionTargetBox="[256,1332,181,1078]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[256,1332,181,1078]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 22. Line art of Chionomus bellicosus, terminalia, A. pygofer, caudal view, B. anal tube, left lateral view, C. aedeagus, left lateral view; D. left paramere, widest view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3944076" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3944076/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">22</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5CEF6559AB5CFFE3FF2EFB66FCE8FAA8" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="144A36D2AB5CFFE3FF2EFB66FDB2FB4D" blockId="18.[151,888,1220,1337]" box="[151,546,1220,1245]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="34E511FCAB5CFFE3FF2EFB66FDB2FB4D" box="[151,546,1220,1245]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<treatmentCitation id="955410C3AB5CFFE3FF2EFB66FD8EFB4D" author="Muir, F. A. G." box="[151,542,1220,1245]" page="33" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1926">
<taxonomicName id="D3F54D51AB5CFFE3FF2EFB66FD8EFB4D" ID-CoL="34HJC" authority="Muir, 1926: 33" authorityName="Muir" authorityPageNumber="33" authorityYear="1926" box="[151,542,1220,1245]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Delphacodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dissipata">
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5CFFE3FF2EFB66FEEEFB4D" box="[151,382,1221,1245]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Delphacodes dissipata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="70644B23AB5CFFE3FE3DFB67FD8EFB4D" author="Muir, F. A. G." box="[388,542,1220,1245]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 51" refId="ref29110" refString="Muir, F. A. G. (1926) Contributions to our knowledge of South American Fulgoroidea (Homoptera): Part I. The family Delphacidae. Bulletin of the Experiment Station of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters Association, Entomological Series, 18, 1 - 51." type="journal article" year="1926">Muir, 1926: 33</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="144A36D2AB5CFFE3FF2EFB40FD7AFB6C" blockId="18.[151,888,1220,1337]" box="[151,746,1251,1276]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="34E511FCAB5CFFE3FF2EFB40FD7AFB6C" box="[151,746,1251,1276]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<taxonomicName id="D3F54D51AB5CFFE3FF2EFB40FE54FB6C" ID-CoL="53V9W" authority="(Muir)" baseAuthorityName="Muir" baseAuthorityYear="1926" box="[151,452,1251,1276]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Syndelphax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dissipatus">
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5CFFE3FF2EFB40FEE7FB6B" box="[151,375,1251,1275]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Syndelphax dissipatus</emphasis>
(Muir)
</taxonomicName>
, comb. by
<treatmentCitation id="955410C3AB5CFFE3FD8AFB40FD76FB6C" author="Fennah, R. G." box="[563,742,1251,1276]" page="76" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1967">
<bibRefCitation id="70644B23AB5CFFE3FD8AFB40FD76FB6C" author="Fennah, R. G." box="[563,742,1251,1276]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="53 - 102" refId="ref28126" refString="Fennah, R. G. (1967) Fulgoridae of the Galapagos Archipelago. Proceedings of the California Academy of Science, Series 4, 35, 53 - 102." type="journal article" year="1967">Fennah, 1967: 76</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="144A36D2AB5CFFE3FF2EFAA1FD74FA89" blockId="18.[151,888,1220,1337]" box="[151,740,1281,1306]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="34E511FCAB5CFFE3FF2EFAA1FD74FA89" box="[151,740,1281,1306]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<treatmentCitation id="955410C3AB5CFFE3FF2EFAA1FDA4FA8A" author="Beamer, R. H." box="[151,564,1281,1306]" page="102" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1948">
<taxonomicName id="D3F54D51AB5CFFE3FF2EFAA1FDA4FA8A" ID-CoL="34HJ6" authority="Beamer, 1948b: 102" authorityName="Beamer" authorityPageNumber="102" authorityYear="1948" box="[151,564,1281,1306]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Delphacodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dentis">
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5CFFE3FF2EFAA1FECFFA8A" box="[151,351,1282,1306]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Delphacodes dentis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="70644B23AB5CFFE3FEDCFAA1FDA4FA8A" author="Beamer, R. H." box="[357,564,1281,1306]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="96 - 110" refId="ref27416" refString="Beamer, R. H. (1948 b) Some new species of Delphacodes (continued) (Homoptera Fulgoridae Delphacinae). Part IV. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 21, 96 - 110." type="journal article" year="1948">Beamer, 1948b: 102</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
,
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5CFFE3FD87FAA1FD4EFA8A" bold="true" box="[574,734,1282,1306]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3DB257BBAB5CFFE3FD87FAA1FD4EFA8A" box="[574,734,1282,1306]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">new synonymy</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="144A36D2AB5CFFE3FF2EFA82FCE8FAA8" blockId="18.[151,888,1220,1337]" box="[151,888,1312,1337]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="34E511FCAB5CFFE3FF2EFA82FCE8FAA8" box="[151,888,1312,1337]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<treatmentCitation id="955410C3AB5CFFE3FF2EFA82FD57FAA9" author="Caldwell, J. S. &amp; Martorell, L. F." box="[151,711,1312,1337]" page="186" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1951">
<taxonomicName id="D3F54D51AB5CFFE3FF2EFA82FD57FAA9" ID-CoL="6CHJY" authority="Caldwell &amp; Martorell, 1951: 186" authorityName="Caldwell &amp; Martorell" authorityPageNumber="186" authorityYear="1951" box="[151,711,1312,1337]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Delphacodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vaccina">
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5CFFE3FF2EFA82FEE1FAA8" box="[151,369,1313,1337]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Delphacodes vaccina</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="70644B23AB5CFFE3FECEFA83FD57FAA9" author="Caldwell, J. S. &amp; Martorell, L. F." box="[375,711,1312,1337]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="133 - 269" refId="ref27652" refString="Caldwell, J. S. &amp; Martorell, L. F. (1951 [dated 1950]) Review of the Auchenorynchous Homoptera of Puerto Rico: Part II. The Fulgoroidea except Kinnaridae. Journal of the Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico, 34, 133 - 269." type="journal article" year="1951">Caldwell &amp; Martorell, 1951: 186</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
,
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5CFFE3FD6BFA82FCE2FAA9" bold="true" box="[722,882,1313,1337]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3DB257BBAB5CFFE3FD6BFA82FCE2FAA9" box="[722,882,1313,1337]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">new synonymy</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5CEF6559AB5CFFE3FF2EFAC4FD6DFA12" box="[151,765,1382,1410]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="144A36D2AB5CFFE3FF2EFAC4FD6DFA12" blockId="18.[151,1437,1382,2022]" box="[151,765,1382,1410]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5CFFE3FF2EFAC4FED0FA11" bold="true" box="[151,320,1382,1409]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Type Locality.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="6CE27642AB5CFFE3FEFEFAC4FE36FA11" box="[327,422,1383,1409]" name="Ecuador" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="D631F830AB5CFFE3FE08FAC4FD34FA11" box="[433,676,1383,1409]" country="Ecuador" name="Tungurahua" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Tungurahua Province</collectingRegion>
, Banos.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5CEF6559AB5CFFE3FF7EFA29FC6DF9CA" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="144A36D2AB5CFFE3FF7EFA29FC6DF9CA" blockId="18.[151,1437,1382,2022]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5CFFE3FF7EFA29FED2FA35" bold="true" box="[199,322,1418,1445]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Body dark brown with white markings. Vertex quadrate; foveae of frons and vertex dark, posterior compartments of vertex light with fuscous markings. Carinae distinct, off-white in color; antennae light brown. Pronotum dark anteriorly with white band along posterior edge, paranota white with dark marks just below eyes. Carinae distinctly white or ivory. Armature of diaphragm quadrate, lined with small teeth on vertical edges; inner and outer angles of parameres diverging, basal angle produced, rounded. Aedeagus tubular, tapering apically, with linear row of teeth on either side. Segment X armed with 4 distinct processes.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5CEF6559AB5CFFE5FF7EF9C1FDC2FE3F" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="description">
<paragraph id="144A36D2AB5CFFE2FF7EF9C1FED5FE8F" blockId="18.[151,1437,1382,2022]" lastBlockId="19.[151,1437,153,467]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5CFFE3FF7EF9C1FEC9F9ED" bold="true" box="[199,345,1634,1661]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Description.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5CFFE3FEE6F9C0FE30F9ED" box="[351,416,1635,1661]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Color</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5CFFE3FE16F9C7FDB6F9ED" box="[431,550,1636,1661]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Macropter</emphasis>
. Body dark, brunneous, with white or ivory markings. Carinae of head (including genal carinae) distinct, stramineous to off-white in color, usually with a small amount brown at apex of carinae; stem of Y-shaped carina less evident. Antennae light brown, fuscous at joint of the two segments. Pronotum dark brown, posterior edge (including ventral edge of paranota) white to ivory, carinae distinctly white to ivory. Mesonotum dark, median and lateral carinae light brown in some specimens, frequently females. Legs light brown to stramineous, proximal half of femora infuscate. Forewings hyaline, dark spot just before apex of clavus. Abdomen dark brown, lateral projections of sternites light brown; pygofer and segment X brown.
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5CFFE3FB32F898FB62F8C5" box="[1163,1266,1851,1877]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Structure</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5CFFE3FABAF898FAADF8C5" box="[1283,1341,1851,1877]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Body</emphasis>
. Length (in mm) macropter
<specimenCount id="02F3FD5BAB5CFFE3FECAF8C3FE18F8EA" box="[371,392,1888,1914]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="male"></specimenCount>
1.70±0.16 (n=11); female (
<specimenCount id="02F3FD5BAB5CFFE3FD7BF8FCFD44F8E9" box="[706,724,1887,1913]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="female"></specimenCount>
) macropter 1.95±0.13 (n=3); brachypter
<specimenCount id="02F3FD5BAB5CFFE3FB1CF8FCFB29F8E9" box="[1189,1209,1887,1913]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="male"></specimenCount>
1.66 (n=1); width
<specimenCount id="02F3FD5BAB5CFFE3FA3EF8C3FA0CF8EA" box="[1415,1436,1888,1914]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="male"></specimenCount>
0.70±0.08 (n=19);
<specimenCount id="02F3FD5BAB5CFFE3FED0F827FEEEF80E" box="[361,382,1924,1950]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="female"></specimenCount>
0.78±0.01 (n=3).
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5CFFE3FDF1F820FD1CF80D" box="[584,652,1923,1949]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Head.</emphasis>
Vertex length 0.13±0.02 (n=25); vertex width 0.16±0.03 (n=25); frons length 0.31±0.05 (n=32); frons width 0.14±0.03 (n=32).
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5CFFE3FCA6F80BFC06F851" box="[799,918,1960,1985]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Macropter</emphasis>
. Carinae of vertex distinct, stem of Y-shaped carina faint. In lateral view (
<figureCitation id="8CCE2A57AB5CFFE3FE6CF868FDF0F876" box="[469,608,1995,2022]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1760,1785]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,489,1735]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1435,489,1735]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 8. Habitus of Chionomus dissipatus (holotype; A, C, E-F); A. habitus dorsal view, brachypterous holotype; B. habitus dorsal view, macropter; C. habitus lateral view, brachypterous holotype; D. habitus lateral view, macropter; E. labels of holotype; F. habitus front of holotype; G. caudal view of male terminalia; H. left lateral view of male terminalia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3944047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3944047/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Figure 8c, d</figureCitation>
), fastigium rounded; projecting in front of the eye about 1/5th eye length. Carinae of frons and clypeus distinct (
<figureCitation id="8CCE2A57AB5DFFE2FD82FF3AFD36FF24" box="[571,678,153,180]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1760,1785]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,489,1735]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1435,489,1735]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 8. Habitus of Chionomus dissipatus (holotype; A, C, E-F); A. habitus dorsal view, brachypterous holotype; B. habitus dorsal view, macropter; C. habitus lateral view, brachypterous holotype; D. habitus lateral view, macropter; E. labels of holotype; F. habitus front of holotype; G. caudal view of male terminalia; H. left lateral view of male terminalia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3944047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3944047/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figure 8f</figureCitation>
), frons subparallel, widest at ventral edge of compound eyes.Antennal segments subequal in length, segment II wider than segment I; 2nd segment sparsely setaceous, bearing sensory pits arranged 3, 3, 2, 2, evenly spaced around segment. Sensory pits surrounded by small black setae.
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5DFFE2FAA3FF42FA0DFF6B" box="[1306,1437,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Brachypter.</emphasis>
Same as above.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="144A36D2AB5DFFE2FF7EFE8AFE01FE1B" blockId="19.[151,1437,153,467]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5DFFE2FF7EFE8AFE0DFED3" box="[199,413,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Thorax. Macropter</emphasis>
. Carinae of mesonotum obscure, median carina ending anterior to scutellum, lateral carinae faint, reaching hind margin. Legs mostly bare; calcar bearing 1820 small teeth.
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5DFFE2FB97FEEEFB20FEF7" box="[1070,1200,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Brachypter.</emphasis>
Same as above; tegmina rounded at apex.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="144A36D2AB5DFFE2FF7EFE36FF72FE43" blockId="19.[151,1437,153,467]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5DFFE2FF7EFE36FE2BFE3F" box="[199,443,405,431]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Abdomen. Macropter</emphasis>
. Compressed dorsoventrally, tapering caudad to truncate apex.
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5DFFE2FB15FE36FABFFE3F" box="[1196,1327,405,431]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Brachypter.</emphasis>
Same as above.
</paragraph>
<caption id="408A665AAB5DFFE2FF2EF943FB4DF8D1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3944047" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3944047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3944047/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" startId="19.[151,250,1760,1785]" targetBox="[151,1435,489,1735]" targetPageId="19">
<paragraph id="144A36D2AB5DFFE2FF2EF943FB4DF8D1" blockId="19.[151,1436,1760,1857]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5DFFE2FF2EF943FE82F969" bold="true" box="[151,274,1760,1785]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
Habitus of
<taxonomicName id="D3F54D51AB5DFFE2FE31F942FDF6F969" authorityName="Weglarz &amp; Bartlett" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Muir" baseAuthorityYear="1926" box="[392,614,1761,1785]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Chionomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dissipatus">
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5DFFE2FE31F942FDF6F969" box="[392,614,1761,1785]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Chionomus dissipatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(holotype; A, C, E-F); A. habitus dorsal view, brachypterous holotype; B. habitus dorsal view, macropter; C. habitus lateral view, brachypterous holotype; D. habitus lateral view, macropter; E. labels of holotype; F. habitus front of holotype; G. caudal view of male terminalia; H. left lateral view of male terminalia.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="144A36D2AB5DFFE5FF7EF830FDE0FE1B" blockId="19.[151,1436,1939,2038]" lastBlockId="20.[151,1437,153,1403]" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5DFFE2FF7EF830FEA1F83D" box="[199,305,1939,1965]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Genitalia</emphasis>
. Pygofer in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="8CCE2A57AB5DFFE2FDF2F830FD2AF83E" box="[587,698,1939,1966]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1760,1785]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,489,1735]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1435,489,1735]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 8. Habitus of Chionomus dissipatus (holotype; A, C, E-F); A. habitus dorsal view, brachypterous holotype; B. habitus dorsal view, macropter; C. habitus lateral view, brachypterous holotype; D. habitus lateral view, macropter; E. labels of holotype; F. habitus front of holotype; G. caudal view of male terminalia; H. left lateral view of male terminalia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3944047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3944047/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figure 8h</figureCitation>
) nearly half as long dorsally as ventrad, ventral margin sinuate. In caudal view (
<figureCitation id="8CCE2A57AB5DFFE2FE95F814FE37F841" box="[300,423,1975,2001]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1760,1785]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,489,1735]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1435,489,1735]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 8. Habitus of Chionomus dissipatus (holotype; A, C, E-F); A. habitus dorsal view, brachypterous holotype; B. habitus dorsal view, macropter; C. habitus lateral view, brachypterous holotype; D. habitus lateral view, macropter; E. labels of holotype; F. habitus front of holotype; G. caudal view of male terminalia; H. left lateral view of male terminalia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3944047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3944047/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
Figures
<quantity id="D30D9B37AB5DFFE2FE30F814FE37F841" box="[393,423,1975,2001]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="8.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="g" value="8.0">8g</quantity>
</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="8CCE2A57AB5DFFE2FE0AF814FE4FF841" box="[435,479,1975,2001]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1977,2002]" captionTargetBox="[280,1308,1194,1952]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[280,1308,1187,1952]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 23. Line art of Chionomus dissapatus, terminalia, A. pygofer, caudal view, B. anal tube, left lateral view, C. aedeagus, left lateral view; D. left paramere, widest view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3944078" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3944078/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">23a</figureCitation>
), 3/4ths as tall as wide, rounded; margins raised, dorsolateral margins produced, carinate. Opening to inner chamber trapezoidal, pointed ventrad. Armature of diaphragm quadrate, toothed on vertical edges, distinctly projecting caudad. Parameres, widest in basal third, basal angle strong, projecting, rounded, mirrored on exterior edge; dorsolaterally diverging, apices nearly flat, lateral margins concave, inner and outer angles approximately equally produced. Aedeagus oval in cross-section, slightly curved dorsad, widest near base, slightly tapering for most of length; aedeagus bearing row of equally spaced teeth on both sides, along ventral edge, sometimes with 24 extra teeth just proximal to gonopore; gonopore dorsal, subapical. Segment X quadrate, taller than wide; with 4 processes, first pair short broadly approximated, second pair long, closely approximated. Segment XI produced, about half length of segment X.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="144A36D2AB5AFFE5FF7EFE36FDC2FE3F" blockId="20.[151,1437,153,1403]" box="[199,594,404,431]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5AFFE5FF7EFE36FE33FE3F" bold="true" box="[199,419,404,431]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Plant associations.</emphasis>
None reported.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5CEF6559AB5AFFE5FF7EFE1BFADBFDAF" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="144A36D2AB5AFFE5FF7EFE1BFAC2FD8B" blockId="20.[151,1437,153,1403]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5AFFE5FF7EFE1BFEF1FE43" bold="true" box="[199,353,440,467]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="6CE27642AB5AFFE5FEDCFE1AFE31FE43" box="[357,417,441,467]" name="United States of America" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">USA</collectingCountry>
: TX, LA; FL;
<collectingCountry id="6CE27642AB5AFFE5FD80FE1AFD2EFE43" box="[569,702,441,467]" name="Puerto Rico" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Puerto Rico</collectingCountry>
;
<collectingCountry id="6CE27642AB5AFFE5FD71FE1AFCA1FE43" box="[712,817,441,467]" name="Bahamas" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Bahamas</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="6CE27642AB5AFFE5FC83FE1AFC7EFE43" box="[826,1006,441,467]" name="Cayman Islands" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Cayman Islands</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="6CE27642AB5AFFE5FC4EFE1AFBC4FE43" box="[1015,1108,441,467]" name="Jamaica" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
, St. Thomas;
<collectingCountry id="6CE27642AB5AFFE5FB5FFE1AFAACFE43" box="[1254,1340,441,467]" name="Mexico" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Mexico</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="D631F830AB5AFFE5FAFEFE1AFA08FE43" box="[1351,1432,441,467]" country="Mexico" name="Puebla" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Puebla</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="D631F830AB5AFFE5FF2EFE7EFE90FE67" box="[151,256,477,503]" country="Mexico" name="Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Veracruz</collectingRegion>
);
<collectingCountry id="6CE27642AB5AFFE5FEA8FE7EFE1EFE67" box="[273,398,477,503]" name="Guatemala" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
;
<collectingCountry id="6CE27642AB5AFFE5FE21FE7EFD99FE67" box="[408,521,477,503]" name="Honduras" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Honduras</collectingCountry>
;
<collectingCountry id="6CE27642AB5AFFE5FDAAFE7EFDFFFE67" box="[531,623,477,503]" name="Panama" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Panama</collectingCountry>
;
<collectingCountry id="6CE27642AB5AFFE5FDC0FE7EFD2DFE67" box="[633,701,477,503]" name="Brazil" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="D631F830AB5AFFE5FD72FE7EFCE3FE68" box="[715,883,477,504]" country="Brazil" name="Santa Catarina" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Santa Catarina</collectingRegion>
),
<collectingCountry id="6CE27642AB5AFFE5FC3CFE7EFC6CFE67" box="[901,1020,477,503]" name="Venezuela" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
; Also reported:
<collectingCountry id="6CE27642AB5AFFE5FB10FE7EFA96FE67" box="[1193,1286,477,503]" name="Ecuador" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="70644B23AB5AFFE5FAADFE7EFA1FFE68" author="Muir, F. A. G." box="[1300,1423,477,504]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 51" refId="ref29110" refString="Muir, F. A. G. (1926) Contributions to our knowledge of South American Fulgoroidea (Homoptera): Part I. The family Delphacidae. Bulletin of the Experiment Station of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters Association, Entomological Series, 18, 1 - 51." type="journal article" year="1926">Muir 1926</bibRefCitation>
); Can: NT (
<bibRefCitation id="70644B23AB5AFFE5FEBFFDA2FE0AFD8B" author="Wilson, S. W." box="[262,410,513,539]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="79 - 100" refId="ref30420" refString="Wilson, S. W. (1992) The Delphacidae of Yukon Territory, Canada (Homoptera: Fulgoroidea). Insecta Mundi, 6, 79 - 100." type="journal article" year="1992">Wilson 1992</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="70644B23AB5AFFE5FE1CFDA2FE71FD8B" author="Wilson, S. W." box="[421,481,513,539]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="377 - 385" refId="ref30451" refString="Wilson, S. W. (1997) Delphacid planthoppers (Homoptera: Fulgoroidea: Delphacidae) of the Yukon. In: Danks, H. V. &amp; Downes, J. A. (Eds.), Insects of the Yukon. Biological Survey of Canada Monograph Series No. 2. Entomological Society of Canada, Ottawa, Cpp. 377 - 385." type="book chapter" year="1997">1997</bibRefCitation>
);
<collectingRegion id="D631F830AB5AFFE5FE4CFDA2FD51FD8B" box="[501,705,513,539]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Galapagos Islands</collectingRegion>
(Santa Cruz,
<collectingCountry id="6CE27642AB5AFFE5FCE5FDA2FC66FD8C" box="[860,1014,513,540]" name="Saint Kitts and Nevis" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">San Cristóbal</collectingCountry>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="70644B23AB5AFFE5FBB2FDA2FB31FD8B" author="Fennah, R. G." box="[1035,1185,513,539]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="53 - 102" refId="ref28126" refString="Fennah, R. G. (1967) Fulgoridae of the Galapagos Archipelago. Proceedings of the California Academy of Science, Series 4, 35, 53 - 102." type="journal article" year="1967">Fennah 1967</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="70644B23AB5AFFE5FB15FDA2FAD6FD8B" author="Sinclair, B." box="[1196,1350,513,539]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref29634" refString="Sinclair, B. (2011) CDF Checklist of Galapagos True bugs - Leafhoppers, planthoppers, aphids and scale insects. FCD Lista de especies de Chinches de Galapagos. In: Bungartz, F., Herrera, H., Jaramillo, P., Tirado, N., Jimenez-Uzcategui, G., Ruiz, D., Guezou, A. &amp; Ziemmeck, F. (Eds.), Charles Darwin Foundation Galapagos Species Checklist. Charles Darwin Foundation, Puerto Ayora, Galapagos, 26 pp." type="book" year="2011">Sinclair 2011</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="144A36D2AB5AFFE5FF7EFD87FADBFDAF" blockId="20.[151,1437,153,1403]" box="[199,1355,548,575]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5AFFE5FF7EFD87FD89FDAF" bold="true" box="[199,537,548,575]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">GenBank accession number.</emphasis>
Molecular sequence was unable to be generated at the time of this study.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5CEF6559AB5AFFE5FF7EFDEAFED0FB83" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="144A36D2AB5AFFE5FF7EFDEAFF7EFCCF" blockId="20.[151,1437,153,1403]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5AFFE5FF7EFDEAFEABFDF3" bold="true" box="[199,315,585,611]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D3F54D51AB5AFFE5FEF8FDEAFDA7FDF3" authorityName="Weglarz &amp; Bartlett" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Muir" baseAuthorityYear="1926" box="[321,567,585,611]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Chionomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dissipatus">
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5AFFE5FEF8FDEAFDA7FDF3" box="[321,567,585,611]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Chionomus dissipatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is identical to
<taxonomicName id="D3F54D51AB5AFFE5FD60FDE9FCC1FDF3" authorityName="Caldwell &amp; Martorell" authorityYear="1951" box="[729,849,586,611]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Delphacodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vaccina">
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5AFFE5FD60FDE9FCC1FDF3" box="[729,849,586,611]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">D. vaccina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="D3F54D51AB5AFFE5FC3FFDE9FC7AFDF3" authorityName="Beamer" authorityYear="1948" box="[902,1002,585,611]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Delphacodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dentis">
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5AFFE5FC3FFDE9FC7AFDF3" box="[902,1002,585,611]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">D. dentis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and has priority over these names. The type of
<taxonomicName id="D3F54D51AB5AFFE5FF55FDCDFEE2FD17" authorityName="Muir" authorityYear="1926" box="[236,370,621,647]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Delphacodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dissipata">
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5AFFE5FF55FDCDFEE2FD17" box="[236,370,621,647]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">D. dissipata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was examined and an array of at least
<specimenCount id="02F3FD5BAB5AFFE5FC99FDCEFC3DFD17" box="[800,941,621,647]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="generic" typeStatus="paratypes">10 paratypes</specimenCount>
(including topotypes) were examined for
<taxonomicName id="D3F54D51AB5AFFE5FA38FDCDFF7EFD3B" authorityName="Caldwell &amp; Martorell" authorityYear="1951" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Delphacodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vaccina">
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5AFFE5FA38FDCDFF7EFD3B" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">D. vaccina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5AFFE5FE9DFD31FD1DFD3B" box="[292,653,657,683]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName id="D3F54D51AB5AFFE5FE9DFD31FE1CFD3B" authorityName="Beamer" authorityYear="1948" box="[292,396,657,683]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Delphacodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dentis">D. dentis</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="D3F54D51AB5AFFE5FE2EFD32FD1DFD3B" authorityName="Weglarz &amp; Bartlett" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Muir" baseAuthorityYear="1926" box="[407,653,657,683]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Chionomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dissipatus">Chionomus dissipatus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
is closely allied with
<taxonomicName id="D3F54D51AB5AFFE5FC38FD32FBBBFD3B" authorityName="Weglarz &amp; Bartlett" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Muir" baseAuthorityYear="1926" box="[897,1067,657,683]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Chionomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gluciophilus">
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5AFFE5FC38FD32FBBBFD3B" box="[897,1067,657,683]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">C. gluciophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and may be easily misidentified. It can be distinguished by white or ivory carinae of the pronotum, the non-bifurcating armature of the diaphragm, and the pattern of the teeth on the aedeagus.
<taxonomicName id="D3F54D51AB5AFFE5FD23FD7AFC03FD63" authorityName="Weglarz &amp; Bartlett" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Muir" baseAuthorityYear="1926" box="[666,915,729,755]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Chionomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dissipatus">
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5AFFE5FD23FD7AFC03FD63" box="[666,915,729,755]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Chionomus dissipatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shares the toothing along the armature of the diaphragm but bears a notch along the dorsal margin, is similar in the shape of the aedeagus but scattered rows of teeth as opposed to parallel evenly spaced rows, and lacks the expansion mirroring the basal angle found in
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5AFFE5FAE8FC82FF7EFCCF" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName id="D3F54D51AB5AFFE5FAE8FC82FF7AFCCF" authorityName="Weglarz &amp; Bartlett" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Muir" baseAuthorityYear="1926" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Chionomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dissipatus">C. dissipatus</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="144A36D2AB5AFFE5FF7EFCCAFE49FC5B" blockId="20.[151,1437,153,1403]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
This species is also closely allied with
<taxonomicName id="D3F54D51AB5AFFE5FD33FCCAFCC8FC13" authorityName="Weglarz &amp; Bartlett" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Muir &amp; Giffard" baseAuthorityYear="1924" box="[650,856,873,899]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Chionomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrispinosus">
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5AFFE5FD33FCCAFCC8FC13" box="[650,856,873,899]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">C. quadrispinosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
which both share 4 processes on segment X.
<taxonomicName id="D3F54D51AB5AFFE5FAD3FCCAFE31FC37" authorityName="Weglarz &amp; Bartlett" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Muir &amp; Giffard" baseAuthorityYear="1924" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Chionomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrispinosus">
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5AFFE5FAD3FCCAFE31FC37" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Chionomus quadrispinosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a similar tooth pattern on the aedeagus but has a quadrate expanded base and is more distinctly upwardly directed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="144A36D2AB5AFFE5FF7EFC76FED0FB83" blockId="20.[151,1437,153,1403]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
The single specimen reported as
<taxonomicName id="D3F54D51AB5AFFE5FD80FC75FD0FFC7F" authorityName="Beamer" authorityYear="1948" box="[569,671,981,1007]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Delphacodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dentis">
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5AFFE5FD80FC75FD0FFC7F" box="[569,671,981,1007]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">D. dentis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingRegion id="D631F830AB5AFFE5FD5DFC76FC47FC7F" box="[740,983,981,1007]" country="Canada" name="Northwest Territories" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Northwest Territories</collectingRegion>
, CAN, is likely mislabed as indicated in
<bibRefCitation id="70644B23AB5AFFE5FF2EFC5AFEACFB83" author="Wilson, S. W." box="[151,316,1017,1043]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="79 - 100" refId="ref30420" refString="Wilson, S. W. (1992) The Delphacidae of Yukon Territory, Canada (Homoptera: Fulgoroidea). Insecta Mundi, 6, 79 - 100." type="journal article" year="1992">Wilson (1992)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5CEF6559AB5AFFE5FF7EFBBEFC31FAEB" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="144A36D2AB5AFFE5FF7EFBBEFAE6FBEF" blockId="20.[151,1437,153,1403]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5AFFE5FF7EFBBEFE7DFBA7" bold="true" box="[199,493,1052,1079]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Type material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="A49D3C8FAB5AFFE5FE4BFBBEFAE6FBEF" collectingDate="1922-12-28" collectionCode="BPBM" collectorName="F. X. Williams" country="Ecuador" location="Brachypterous" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-male="3" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="CB4E8870AB5AFFE5FE4BFBBEFDCAFBA7" box="[498,602,1053,1079]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
<taxonomicName id="D3F54D51AB5AFFE5FDD9FBBEFCCDFBA7" authorityName="Muir" authorityYear="1926" box="[608,861,1053,1079]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Delphacodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dissipata">
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5AFFE5FDD9FBBEFCCDFBA7" box="[608,861,1053,1079]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Delphacodes dissipata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[
<collectionCode id="72E4AE17AB5AFFE5FCD3FBBFFC51FBA7" box="[874,961,1052,1079]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="Museum">BPBM</collectionCode>
]:
<location id="112A6009AB5AFFE5FC68FBBEFBE4FBA7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9C5C87C4AB5CFFE5FF2EFBFFFC31FAEB:112A6009AB5AFFE5FC68FBBEFBE4FBA7" box="[977,1140,1053,1079]" country="Ecuador" name="Brachypterous" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Brachypterous</location>
<specimenCount id="02F3FD5BAB5AFFE5FBC3FBBEFB01FBA7" box="[1146,1169,1053,1079]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="male"></specimenCount>
, “Banos, Or. /
<collectingCountry id="6CE27642AB5AFFE5FA88FBBEFA1EFBA7" box="[1329,1422,1053,1079]" name="Ecuador" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
/
<date id="604B1012AB5AFFE5FF2EFBE2FEB4FBCB" box="[151,292,1089,1115]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1922-12-28">
<collectingDate id="700FE9FAAB5AFFE5FF2EFBE2FEB4FBCB" box="[151,292,1089,1115]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1922-12-28">XII-28-1922</collectingDate>
</date>
[Date handwritten] //
<collectorName id="B9005304AB5AFFE5FDA2FBE2FD26FBCB" box="[539,694,1089,1115]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">F.X. Williams</collectorName>
/ Collector //
<specimenCount id="02F3FD5BAB5AFFE5FCF7FBE2FCF3FBCB" box="[846,867,1089,1115]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="male"></specimenCount>
//
<typeStatus id="CB4E8870AB5AFFE5FCC6FBE2FC77FBCB" box="[895,999,1089,1115]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
[Red paper, vertically oriented, affixed to following label] //
<taxonomicName id="D3F54D51AB5AFFE5FE3CFBC6FD86FBEF" authorityName="Fieber" authorityYear="1866" box="[389,534,1125,1151]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Delphacodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Delphacodes</taxonomicName>
/ dissipata /
<specimenCount id="02F3FD5BAB5AFFE5FD1AFBC6FD28FBEF" box="[675,696,1125,1151]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="male"></specimenCount>
Muir/ Type No 1149. [Handwritten, label with black border]”.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="144A36D2AB5AFFE5FF7EFB2AFDBEFB7B" blockId="20.[151,1437,153,1403]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<materialsCitation id="A49D3C8FAB5AFFE5FF7EFB2AFEE3FB57" collectingDate="1945-12-29" collectionCode="SEMC, R" collectorName="H. Beamer" county="Cameron Co." elevation="1" location="Brownsville" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Texas" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="CB4E8870AB5AFFE5FF7EFB2AFEA4FB33" box="[199,308,1161,1187]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
<taxonomicName id="D3F54D51AB5AFFE5FE85FB2AFD88FB33" authorityName="Beamer" authorityYear="1948" box="[316,536,1161,1187]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Delphacodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dentis">
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5AFFE5FE85FB2AFD88FB33" box="[316,536,1161,1187]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Delphacodes dentis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[all
<collectionCode id="72E4AE17AB5AFFE5FDF5FB2BFD0FFB33" box="[588,671,1160,1187]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34264" name="University of Kansas - Biodiversity Institute" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="Museum">SEMC</collectionCode>
]:
<collectingRegion id="D631F830AB5AFFE5FD08FB2AFD66FB33" box="[689,758,1161,1187]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Texas</collectingRegion>
:
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5AFFE5FCB8FB2AFC30FB33" box="[769,928,1161,1187]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<collectingCounty id="FD2B4E5EAB5AFFE5FCB8FB2AFC09FB33" box="[769,921,1161,1187]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Cameron Co.</collectingCounty>
:
</emphasis>
<location id="112A6009AB5AFFE5FC11FB2AFBA4FB33" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9C5C87C4AB5CFFE5FF2EFBFFFC31FAEB:112A6009AB5AFFE5FC11FB2AFBA4FB33" box="[936,1076,1161,1187]" county="Cameron Co." name="Brownsville" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" stateProvince="Texas">Brownsville</location>
,
<date id="604B1012AB5AFFE5FBF9FB2AFB43FB33" box="[1088,1235,1160,1187]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1945-12-29">
<collectingDate id="700FE9FAAB5AFFE5FBF9FB2AFB43FB33" box="[1088,1235,1160,1187]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1945-12-29">29 Dec 1945</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectionCode id="72E4AE17AB5AFFE5FB67FB2AFB64FB33" box="[1246,1268,1161,1187]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">R</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="B9005304AB5AFFE5FB46FB2AFAEBFB33" box="[1279,1403,1161,1187]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">H. Beamer</collectorName>
, in palm forest (
<quantity id="D30D9B37AB5AFFE5FE9EFB0EFEDBFB57" box="[295,331,1197,1223]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="m" value="1.0">
<elevation id="9FD8D1E1AB5AFFE5FE9EFB0EFEDBFB57" box="[295,331,1197,1223]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="m" value="1.0">1m</elevation>
</quantity>
<specimenCount id="02F3FD5BAB5AFFE5FEEAFB0EFEF7FB57" box="[339,359,1197,1223]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="female"></specimenCount>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="A49D3C8FAB5AFFE5FE38FB0EFBE4FB57" box="[385,1140,1196,1223]" collectingDate="1945-12-30" collectionCode="R" collectorName="H. Beamer" elevation="2" location="McAllen" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Hidalgo" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5AFFE5FE38FB0EFD9CFB57" box="[385,524,1197,1223]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<collectingRegion id="D631F830AB5AFFE5FE38FB0EFE4DFB57" box="[385,477,1197,1223]" country="Mexico" name="Hidalgo" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Hidalgo</collectingRegion>
Co.
</emphasis>
,
<location id="112A6009AB5AFFE5FDA2FB0EFD11FB57" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9C5C87C4AB5CFFE5FF2EFBFFFC31FAEB:112A6009AB5AFFE5FDA2FB0EFD11FB57" box="[539,641,1197,1223]" name="McAllen" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" stateProvince="Hidalgo">McAllen</location>
,
<date id="604B1012AB5AFFE5FD34FB0EFCB1FB57" box="[653,801,1196,1223]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1945-12-30">
<collectingDate id="700FE9FAAB5AFFE5FD34FB0EFCB1FB57" box="[653,801,1196,1223]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1945-12-30">30 Dec 1945</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectionCode id="72E4AE17AB5AFFE5FC95FB0EFCD2FB57" box="[812,834,1197,1223]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">R</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="B9005304AB5AFFE5FCF7FB0EFC58FB57" box="[846,968,1197,1223]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">H. Beamer</collectorName>
(
<quantity id="D30D9B37AB5AFFE5FC6EFB0EFC6CFB57" box="[983,1020,1197,1223]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="m" value="2.0">
<elevation id="9FD8D1E1AB5AFFE5FC6EFB0EFC6CFB57" box="[983,1020,1197,1223]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="m" value="2.0">2m</elevation>
</quantity>
<specimenCount id="02F3FD5BAB5AFFE5FBBDFB0EFB8BFB57" box="[1028,1051,1197,1223]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="male"></specimenCount>
,
<quantity id="D30D9B37AB5AFFE5FB91FB0EFBDCFB57" box="[1064,1100,1197,1223]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="m" value="3.0">
<elevation id="9FD8D1E1AB5AFFE5FB91FB0EFBDCFB57" box="[1064,1100,1197,1223]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="m" value="3.0">3m</elevation>
</quantity>
<specimenCount id="02F3FD5BAB5AFFE5FBEAFB0EFBF7FB57" box="[1107,1127,1197,1223]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="female"></specimenCount>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="A49D3C8FAB5AFFE5FB38FB0EFDBBFB7B" collectingDate="1945-12-25" collectionCode="R" collectorName="H. Beamer" county="San Patricio Co." elevation="1" location="Sinton" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Hidalgo" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5AFFE5FB38FB0EFAAEFB57" box="[1153,1342,1197,1223]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<collectingCounty id="FD2B4E5EAB5AFFE5FB38FB0EFAAEFB57" box="[1153,1342,1197,1223]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">San Patricio Co.</collectingCounty>
</emphasis>
,
<location id="112A6009AB5AFFE5FAF5FB0EFA08FB57" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9C5C87C4AB5CFFE5FF2EFBFFFC31FAEB:112A6009AB5AFFE5FAF5FB0EFA08FB57" box="[1356,1432,1197,1223]" county="San Patricio Co." name="Sinton" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" stateProvince="Hidalgo">Sinton</location>
,
<date id="604B1012AB5AFFE5FF2EFB73FEB9FB7B" box="[151,297,1232,1259]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1945-12-25">
<collectingDate id="700FE9FAAB5AFFE5FF2EFB73FEB9FB7B" box="[151,297,1232,1259]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1945-12-25">25 Dec 1945</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectionCode id="72E4AE17AB5AFFE5FE8DFB72FEDAFB7B" box="[308,330,1233,1259]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">R</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="B9005304AB5AFFE5FEECFB72FE5EFB7B" box="[341,462,1233,1259]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">H. Beamer</collectorName>
(
<quantity id="D30D9B37AB5AFFE5FE67FB72FD92FB7B" box="[478,514,1233,1259]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="m" value="1.0">
<elevation id="9FD8D1E1AB5AFFE5FE67FB72FD92FB7B" box="[478,514,1233,1259]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="m" value="1.0">1m</elevation>
</quantity>
<specimenCount id="02F3FD5BAB5AFFE5FDB0FB72FDB0FB7B" box="[521,544,1233,1259]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="male"></specimenCount>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="144A36D2AB5AFFE5FF7EFB56FC31FAEB" blockId="20.[151,1437,153,1403]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<materialsCitation id="A49D3C8FAB5AFFE5FF7EFB56FC31FAEB" collectionCode="USNM, R" location="Isabela" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" specimenCount="51" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Isabela" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="CB4E8870AB5AFFE5FF7EFB56FEBFFA9F" box="[199,303,1269,1295]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
<taxonomicName id="D3F54D51AB5AFFE5FE8FFB56FDB6FA9F" authorityName="Caldwell &amp; Martorell" authorityYear="1951" box="[310,550,1269,1295]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Delphacodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vaccina">
<emphasis id="2681EAC0AB5AFFE5FE8FFB56FDB6FA9F" box="[310,550,1269,1295]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Delphacodes vaccina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[
<collectionCode id="72E4AE17AB5AFFE5FD8AFB57FD1DFA9F" box="[563,653,1268,1295]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
]: Macropterous
<specimenCount id="02F3FD5BAB5AFFE5FCF9FB56FCC7FA9F" box="[832,855,1269,1295]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="male"></specimenCount>
, “P.
<collectionCode id="72E4AE17AB5AFFE5FC3AFB56FC09FA9F" box="[899,921,1269,1295]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">R</collectionCode>
. Acc. No /
<collectingRegion id="D631F830AB5AFFE5FBAAFB56FBF5FA9F" box="[1043,1125,1269,1295]" country="Puerto Rico" name="Isabela" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Isabela</collectingRegion>
, P.
<collectionCode id="72E4AE17AB5AFFE5FB3CFB56FB0AFA9F" box="[1157,1178,1269,1295]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">R</collectionCode>
. / 8-29-47 [Date Hand- written]// Delphacid [handwritten]/
<typeStatus id="CB4E8870AB5AFFE5FD9CFABAFD29FAA3" box="[549,697,1305,1331]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
/ vaccina [Handwritten, Pink paper] // [Microvial containing genitalia] // JS Caldwell / Collection / 1959 //
<taxonomicName id="D3F54D51AB5AFFE5FDD1FA9EFD69FAC7" authorityName="Fieber" authorityYear="1866" box="[616,761,1341,1367]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Delphacodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Delphacodes</taxonomicName>
<specimenCount id="02F3FD5BAB5AFFE5FD46FA9EFC84FAC7" box="[767,788,1341,1367]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="male"></specimenCount>
[Handwritten]/ vaccina [handwritten]/ det
<specimenCount id="02F3FD5BAB5AFFE5FB4AFA9EFAEEFAC7" box="[1267,1406,1341,1367]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="generic" typeStatus="Holotype">49 Holotype</specimenCount>
[4 is handwritten crossed out 1,
<typeStatus id="CB4E8870AB5AFFE5FE66FAC2FDD7FAEB" box="[479,583,1377,1403]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
is handwritten]/ JS Caldwell”.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>