397 lines
72 KiB
XML
397 lines
72 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="BB5034033C018CEE4973D8B464AEE70A">Revision of Pseudastenus Bernhauer, synonym with Xenasterides Newton and six new species (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Paederinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="67063DB8964151380ABF3B06033133FE">Busanello, Dilson G. C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="43783AA39B1A644D4B60D06C3A1036CC">Irmler, Ulrich</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="339DB7769B224F2C98ABE4A0C5F15654">Caron, Edilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="374381FF1633B209712BE5CEE6FD2E5A">2020</mods:date>
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<paragraph id="8BDE36C3FF8CFF8F83C6FDEFC425FD61" blockId="1.[151,529,549,648]" box="[151,529,621,648]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">
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<heading id="D09681AFFF8CFF8F83C6FDEFC425FD61" bold="true" box="[151,529,621,648]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C614D40FF8CFF8F83C6FDEFC425FD61" ID-CoL="9NM4T" authority="Bernhauer, 1933" authorityName="Bernhauer" authorityYear="1933" box="[151,529,621,648]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Pseudastenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B915EAD1FF8CFF8F83C6FDEFC425FD61" bold="true" box="[151,529,621,648]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">
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<emphasis id="B915EAD1FF8CFF8F83C6FDEFC708FD6E" bold="true" box="[151,316,621,648]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Pseudastenus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B32FF8CFF8F8212FDEFC425FD61" author="Bernhauer, M." box="[323,529,621,647]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" pagination="517 - 524" refId="ref8648" refString="Bernhauer, M. (1933) NeueStaphylinidenausArgentinien (II) (34. Beitragzur sudamerikanischen Fauna). Revista de Entomologia, 3 (4), 517 - 524." type="journal article" year="1933">Bernhauer, 1933</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C37B6548FF8CFF8F83C6FD33C477FC3B" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BDE36C3FF8CFF8F83C6FD33C344FCE1" blockId="1.[151,1437,689,990]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AC010D2FF8CFF8F83C6FD33C43FFD2C" author="Bernhauer, M." box="[151,523,689,714]" page="520" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" year="1933">
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<taxonomicName id="4C614D40FF8CFF8F83C6FD33C43FFD2C" ID-CoL="9NM4T" authority="Bernhauer, 1933: 520" authorityName="Bernhauer" authorityPageNumber="520" authorityYear="1933" box="[151,523,689,714]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Pseudastenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B915EAD1FF8CFF8F83C6FD33C715FD2F" box="[151,289,689,713]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Pseudastenus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B32FF8CFF8F827BFD33C43FFD2C" author="Bernhauer, M." box="[298,523,689,714]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" pagination="517 - 524" refId="ref8648" refString="Bernhauer, M. (1933) NeueStaphylinidenausArgentinien (II) (34. Beitragzur sudamerikanischen Fauna). Revista de Entomologia, 3 (4), 517 - 524." type="journal article" year="1933">Bernhauer, 1933: 520</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(original description);
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<treatmentCitation id="0AC010D2FF8CFF8F81ACFD33C581FD2F" author="Bierig, A." box="[765,949,689,714]" page="180" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" year="1939">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B32FF8CFF8F81ACFD33C581FD2F" author="Bierig, A." box="[765,949,689,714]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" pagination="176 - 180" refId="ref8680" refString="Bierig, A. (1939) Litozoon y Xenaster (col.), 2 generosnuevos de Staphylinidae. RevistaChilena de Historia Natural, 42, 176 - 180." type="journal article" year="1939">Bierig, 1939: 180</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(mention the similarity with
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C614D40FF8CFF8F87BBFD30C3A5FD2C" ID-CoL="9LKM9" authority="Bierig" authorityName="Bierig" authorityYear="1939" box="[1258,1425,689,714]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Xenaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B915EAD1FF8CFF8F87BBFD30C370FD2F" box="[1258,1348,690,713]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Xenaster</emphasis>
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||
Bierig
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||
</taxonomicName>
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);
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC010D2FF8CFF8F8396FD4DC78DFD0E" author="Blackwelder, R. E." box="[199,441,719,744]" page="127" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" year="1944">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B32FF8CFF8F8396FD4DC78DFD0E" author="Blackwelder, R. E." box="[199,441,719,744]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" pagination="1 - 188" refId="ref8711" refString="Blackwelder, R. E. (1944) Checklist of the coleopterous insects of Mexico, Central America, the West Indies, and South Ameri- ca. Part 1. United States National Museum Bulletin, 185, xii + 1 - 188. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.185. i" type="journal article" year="1944">Blackwelder, 1944: 127</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(list of species);
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC010D2FF8CFF8F8138FD4DC56FFD0E" author="Blackwelder, R. E." box="[617,859,719,744]" page="324" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" year="1952">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B32FF8CFF8F8138FD4DC56FFD0E" author="Blackwelder, R. E." box="[617,859,719,744]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" pagination="1 - 483" refId="ref8771" refString="Blackwelder, R. E. (1952) The generic names of the beetle family Staphylinidae, with an essay on genotypy. United States National Museum Bulletin, 200, iv + 1 - 483." type="journal article" year="1952">Blackwelder, 1952: 324</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(nomenclatural notes);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC010D2FF8CFF8F871CFD4DC36DFD0E" author="Bachmann, A. O. & Chani-Posse M. & Guala M. E. & Newton, A. F." box="[1101,1369,719,744]" page="14" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" year="2017">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B32FF8CFF8F871CFD4DC36DFD0E" author="Bachmann, A. O. & Chani-Posse M. & Guala M. E. & Newton, A. F." box="[1101,1369,719,744]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" pagination="1 - 74" refId="ref8574" refString="Bachmann, A. O., Chani-Posse M., Guala M. E. & Newton, A. F. (2017) A catalog of the types of Staphylinidae (Insecta, Coleoptera) deposited in the MuseoArgentino de CienciasNataruales, Buenos Aires (MACN). Zootaxa, 4223 (1), 1 - 74. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4223.1.1" type="journal article" year="2017">
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||
Bachmann
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EAD1FF8CFF8F8791FD53C2D9FD0E" box="[1216,1261,720,744]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">et al</emphasis>
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., 2017: 14
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(mention about
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||
<typeStatus id="54DA8861FF8CFF8F8265FD6DC754FCE1" box="[308,352,751,775]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">type</typeStatus>
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||
specimen in the MACN).
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EAD1FF8CFF8F813DFD6DC4CFFCE1" bold="true" box="[620,763,750,775]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">
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<typeStatus id="54DA8861FF8CFF8F813DFD6DC495FCE1" box="[620,673,751,775]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Type</typeStatus>
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||
species:
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||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C614D40FF8CFF8F8050FD6DC2A5FCE1" ID-CoL="9QFT9" authority="Bernhauer, 1933" authorityName="Bernhauer" authorityYear="1933" box="[769,1169,750,775]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Pseudastenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barretoi">
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||
<emphasis id="B915EAD1FF8CFF8F8050FD6DC5D7FCE1" box="[769,995,751,775]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Pseudastenus barretoi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B32FF8CFF8F80B8FD6CC2A5FCE1" author="Bernhauer, M." box="[1001,1169,750,775]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" pagination="517 - 524" refId="ref8648" refString="Bernhauer, M. (1933) NeueStaphylinidenausArgentinien (II) (34. Beitragzur sudamerikanischen Fauna). Revista de Entomologia, 3 (4), 517 - 524." type="journal article" year="1933">Bernhauer, 1933</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
(fixed by monotypy).
|
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDE36C3FF8CFF8F83C6FC8CC73EFC79" blockId="1.[151,1437,689,990]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7111EDFF8CFF8F83C6FC8CC73EFC79" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AC010D2FF8CFF8F83C6FC8CC786FCC3" author="Bierig, A." box="[151,434,781,806]" page="179" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" year="1939">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C614D40FF8CFF8F83C6FC8CC786FCC3" ID-CoL="9LKM9" authority="Bierig, 1939: 179" authorityName="Bierig" authorityPageNumber="179" authorityYear="1939" box="[151,434,781,806]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Xenaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EAD1FF8CFF8F83C6FC8CC6C5FCC3" box="[151,241,782,805]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Xenaster</emphasis>
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B32FF8CFF8F83ABFC8FC786FCC3" author="Bierig, A." box="[250,434,781,806]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" pagination="176 - 180" refId="ref8680" refString="Bierig, A. (1939) Litozoon y Xenaster (col.), 2 generosnuevos de Staphylinidae. RevistaChilena de Historia Natural, 42, 176 - 180." type="journal article" year="1939">Bierig, 1939: 179</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
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(original description, preoccupied name, not
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C614D40FF8CFF8F80C0FC8CC28BFCC3" ID-CoL="9LKM9" authority="Simonwitsch, 1871" authorityName="Simonwitsch" authorityYear="1871" box="[913,1215,781,806]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Xenaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EAD1FF8CFF8F80C0FC8CC5DFFCC3" box="[913,1003,782,805]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Xenaster</emphasis>
|
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Simonwitsch, 1871
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC010D2FF8CFF8F8785FC8FC6D9FCA2" author="Blackwelder, R. E." page="127" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" year="1944">
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B32FF8CFF8F8785FC8FC6D9FCA2" author="Blackwelder, R. E." pageId="1" pageNumber="140" pagination="1 - 188" refId="ref8711" refString="Blackwelder, R. E. (1944) Checklist of the coleopterous insects of Mexico, Central America, the West Indies, and South Ameri- ca. Part 1. United States National Museum Bulletin, 185, xii + 1 - 188. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.185. i" type="journal article" year="1944">Blackwelder, 1944: 127</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(list of species);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC010D2FF8CFF8F82F5FCA9C4AEFCA2" author="Blackwelder, R. E." box="[420,666,811,836]" page="405" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" year="1952">
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B32FF8CFF8F82F5FCA9C4AEFCA2" author="Blackwelder, R. E." box="[420,666,811,836]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" pagination="1 - 483" refId="ref8771" refString="Blackwelder, R. E. (1952) The generic names of the beetle family Staphylinidae, with an essay on genotypy. United States National Museum Bulletin, 200, iv + 1 - 483." type="journal article" year="1952">Blackwelder, 1952: 405</bibRefCitation>
|
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</treatmentCitation>
|
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(nomenclatural notes);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC010D2FF8CFF8F80C3FCAEC283FCA2" author="Newton, A. F. Jr. & Thayer, M. K." box="[914,1207,811,836]" page="62" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" year="1992">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B32FF8CFF8F80C3FCAEC283FCA2" author="Newton, A. F. Jr. & Thayer, M. K." box="[914,1207,811,836]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" pagination="1 - 92" refId="ref9071" refString="Newton, A. F. Jr. & Thayer, M. K. (1992) Current classification and family-group names inStaphyliniformia (Coleoptera). Fieldiana: Zoology, New Series, 67, 1 - 92. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 3544" type="journal article" year="1992">Newton & Thayer, 1992: 62</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(nomenclatural note);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC010D2FF8CFF8F8396FCC8C402FC85" author="Navarrete-Heredia, J. L. & Newton, A. F. & Thayer, M. K. & Ashe, J. S. & Chandler, D. S." box="[199,566,842,867]" page="283" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" year="2002">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B32FF8CFF8F8396FCC8C402FC85" author="Navarrete-Heredia, J. L. & Newton, A. F. & Thayer, M. K. & Ashe, J. S. & Chandler, D. S." box="[199,566,842,867]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" refId="ref8964" refString="Navarrete-Heredia, J. L., Newton, A. F., Thayer, M. K., Ashe, J. S. & Chandler, D. S. (2002) GuiaIlustrada de losGeneros de Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) de Mexico-Illustrated Guide to the Genera of Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) of Mexico. Universidad de Guadalajara y CONABIO, Mexico, xii + 401 pp." type="book" year="2002">
|
||
Navarrete-Heredia
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EAD1FF8CFF8F82DDFCC9C7F4FC85" box="[396,448,843,867]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2002: 283
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(nomenclatrual note, distribution);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC010D2FF8CFF8F80F4FCC8C28CFC85" author="Bouchard, P. & Bousquet, Y. & Davies, A. E. & Alonso-Zarazaga, M. A. & Lawrence, J. F. & Lyal, C. H. C. & Newton, A. F. & Reid, C. A. M. & Schmitt, M. & Slipinski, S. A. & Smith, A. B. T." box="[933,1208,842,867]" page="221" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" year="2011">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B32FF8CFF8F80F4FCC8C28CFC85" author="Bouchard, P. & Bousquet, Y. & Davies, A. E. & Alonso-Zarazaga, M. A. & Lawrence, J. F. & Lyal, C. H. C. & Newton, A. F. & Reid, C. A. M. & Schmitt, M. & Slipinski, S. A. & Smith, A. B. T." box="[933,1208,842,867]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" pagination="1 - 972" refId="ref8809" refString="Bouchard, P., Bousquet, Y., Davies, A. E., Alonso-Zarazaga, M. A., Lawrence, J. F., Lyal, C. H. C., Newton, A. F., Reid, C. A. M., Schmitt, M., Slipinski, S. A. & Smith, A. B. T. (2011) Family group names in Coleoptera (Insecta). ZooKeys, 88, 1 - 972. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 88.807" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Bouchard
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EAD1FF8CFF8F875EFCC9C270FC85" box="[1039,1092,843,867]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2011: 221
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(nomenclatural note);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC010D2FF8CFF8F8396FCEBC7F5FC67" author="Asenjo, A. & Irmler, U. & Klimaszewski, J. & Herman, L. H. & Chandler, D. S." box="[199,449,873,898]" page="280" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" year="2013">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B32FF8CFF8F8396FCEBC7F5FC67" author="Asenjo, A. & Irmler, U. & Klimaszewski, J. & Herman, L. H. & Chandler, D. S." box="[199,449,873,898]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" pagination="1 - 419" refId="ref8513" refString="Asenjo, A., Irmler, U., Klimaszewski, J., Herman, L. H. & Chandler, D. S. (2013) A complete checklist with new records and geographical distribution of the rove beetles (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) of Brazil. Insecta Mundi, 277, 1 - 419." type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Asenjo
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EAD1FF8CFF8F8246FCE8C778FC67" box="[279,332,873,897]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2013: 280
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(distribution).
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EAD1FF8CFF8F810CFCEBC4DAFC64" bold="true" box="[605,750,873,898]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DA8861FF8CFF8F810CFCEBC4A6FC67" box="[605,658,873,897]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
species:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C614D40FF8CFF8F81A4FCE8C278FC67" ID-CoL="9RCDB" authority="Bierig, 1939" authorityName="Bierig" authorityYear="1939" box="[757,1100,873,898]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Xenaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="plaumanni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EAD1FF8CFF8F81A4FCE8C5F7FC67" box="[757,963,873,897]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Xenaster plaumanni</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B32FF8CFF8F809DFCEBC278FC67" author="Bierig, A." box="[972,1100,873,898]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" pagination="176 - 180" refId="ref8680" refString="Bierig, A. (1939) Litozoon y Xenaster (col.), 2 generosnuevos de Staphylinidae. RevistaChilena de Historia Natural, 42, 176 - 180." type="journal article" year="1939">Bierig, 1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(fixed by monotypy).
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EAD1FF8CFF8F8666FCEBC730FC46" bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">New synonym</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDE36C3FF8CFF8F83C6FC25C477FC3B" blockId="1.[151,1437,689,990]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7111EDFF8CFF8F83C6FC25C477FC3B" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC010D2FF8CFF8F83C6FC25C7E1FC59" author="Newton, A. F." box="[151,469,935,959]" page="17" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" year="2017">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C614D40FF8CFF8F83C6FC25C7E1FC59" ID-CoL="9NM5M" authority="Newton, 2017: 17" authorityName="Newton" authorityPageNumber="17" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,469,935,959]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Xenasterides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EAD1FF8CFF8F83C6FC25C72EFC59" box="[151,282,935,959]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Xenasterides</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B32FF8CFF8F8271FC25C7E1FC59" author="Newton, A. F." box="[288,469,935,959]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" pagination="1 - 52" refId="ref9036" refString="Newton, A. F. (2017) Nomenclatural and taxonomic changes in Staphyliniformia (Coleoptera). Insecta Mundi, a journal of world insect systematics, 0595, 1 - 52." type="book chapter" year="2017">Newton, 2017: 17</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(replacement name for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C614D40FF8CFF8F8194FC25C59CFC59" ID-CoL="9LKM9" authority="Bierig, 1939" authorityName="Bierig" authorityYear="1939" box="[709,936,934,959]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Xenaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EAD1FF8CFF8F8194FC25C52BFC58" box="[709,799,935,958]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Xenaster</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B32FF8CFF8F8074FC24C59CFC59" author="Bierig, A." box="[805,936,934,959]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" pagination="176 - 180" refId="ref8680" refString="Bierig, A. (1939) Litozoon y Xenaster (col.), 2 generosnuevos de Staphylinidae. RevistaChilena de Historia Natural, 42, 176 - 180." type="journal article" year="1939">Bierig, 1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EAD1FF8CFF8F80E9FC25C272FC59" bold="true" box="[952,1094,934,959]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DA8861FF8CFF8F80E9FC25C5D9FC59" box="[952,1005,935,959]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
species:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C614D40FF8CFF8F871DFC25C3A9FC59" ID-CoL="9RCDB" authority="Bierig, 1939" authorityName="Bierig" authorityYear="1939" box="[1100,1437,934,959]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Xenaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="plaumanni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EAD1FF8CFF8F871DFC25C32CFC59" box="[1100,1304,935,959]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Xenaster plaumanni</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B32FF8CFF8F864FFC24C3A9FC59" author="Bierig, A." box="[1310,1437,934,959]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" pagination="176 - 180" refId="ref8680" refString="Bierig, A. (1939) Litozoon y Xenaster (col.), 2 generosnuevos de Staphylinidae. RevistaChilena de Historia Natural, 42, 176 - 180." type="journal article" year="1939">Bierig, 1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(fixed by monotypy).
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EAD1FF8CFF8F82F7FC47C409FC3B" bold="true" box="[422,573,965,989]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">New synonym</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37B6548FF8CFF8F83C6FB89C70CFAA0" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDE36C3FF8CFF8F83C6FB89C70CFAA0" blockId="1.[151,1437,1035,2034]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EAD1FF8CFF8F83C6FB89C726FBC0" bold="true" box="[151,274,1035,1062]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C614D40FF8CFF8F824AFB8EC787FBC0" authorityName="Bernhauer" authorityYear="1933" box="[283,435,1036,1062]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Pseudastenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EAD1FF8CFF8F824AFB8EC787FBC0" box="[283,435,1036,1062]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Pseudastenus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from the other genera of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C614D40FF8CFF8F8065FB8EC586FBC0" authorityName="Laporte" authorityYear="1835" box="[820,946,1036,1062]" class="Insecta" family="Paederidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Lathrobiini">Lathrobiini</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having the following set of characters: head, pronotum and elytra with dense, microtuberculate, setiferous punctures; neck one-third as wide as head; antennae short, clavate, gradually widened from antennomeres 4 to 11; 11th antennomere equal in length to the three preceding antennomeres combined (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135A2A46FF8CFF8F8161FBFAC441FB74" box="[560,629,1144,1170]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–11" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1875,1900]" captionTargetBox="[188,1405,210,1838]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[165,1421,179,1848]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1–11. Scanning Electron Microscopy of Pseudastenus plaumanni. 1. Head, dorsal view; 2. Antenna; 3.Antennomere 9; 4. Glandular pore, antennomere 10; 5. Antennomere 10; 6. Glandular pore, antennomere 9; 7. Antennomere 11, arrow indicates glandular pores; 8. Labrum, dorsal view; 9. Mandible, dorsal view; 10. Maxillary palpus, ventral view; 11. Maxillary palpomere 4." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724293" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724293/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
); anterior margin of labrum deeply emarginate at the middle, with four denticles, medial two denticles robust and each one with two spine-like setae, each external denticle with one spinelike seta (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135A2A46FF8CFF8F8253FB42C764FB3C" box="[258,336,1216,1242]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–11" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1875,1900]" captionTargetBox="[188,1405,210,1838]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[165,1421,179,1848]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1–11. Scanning Electron Microscopy of Pseudastenus plaumanni. 1. Head, dorsal view; 2. Antenna; 3.Antennomere 9; 4. Glandular pore, antennomere 10; 5. Antennomere 10; 6. Glandular pore, antennomere 9; 7. Antennomere 11, arrow indicates glandular pores; 8. Labrum, dorsal view; 9. Mandible, dorsal view; 10. Maxillary palpus, ventral view; 11. Maxillary palpomere 4." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724293" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724293/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Figs. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="135A2A46FF8CFF8F820DFB42C74FFB3C" box="[348,379,1216,1242]" captionStart="FIGURES 21–29" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1908,1933]" captionTargetBox="[232,1367,616,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[206,1382,597,1882]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 21–29. Pseudastenus plaumanni. 21. Labrum, dorsal view; 22. Mandibles, dorsal view; 23. Maxilla, ventral view; 24. Tergites I–III, dorsal view; 25. Tergite VI, dorsal view; 26. Tergite VII, lateral view; 27. Foreleg, external view; 28. Tergite VIII, dorsal view; 29. Sternite VIII, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724297" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724297/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">21</figureCitation>
|
||
); gula very narrow and parallel sided; pronotum trapezoidal, slightly wider than long, enlarged in anterior third (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135A2A46FF8CFF8F820DFB66C785FB18" box="[348,433,1251,1278]" captionStart="FIGURES 12–20" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1578,1603]" captionTargetBox="[230,1364,401,1533]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[206,1382,380,1552]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 12–20. Scanning Electron Microscopy of Pseudastenus plaumanni. 12. Labium, ventral view; 13. Detail of glossa, lateral lobe, ventral view; 14. Labium, dorsal view; 15. Pronotum, dorsal view; 16. Pronotum, ventral view; 17. Detail of labial palpomere 3, dorsal view; 18. Elytron, dorsal view; 19. Meso and metaventrite, ventral view; 20. Abdominal sternites I–III." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724295" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724295/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
); profurcasternum expanded caudally and laterally, almost contiguous with the pronotal hypomeron (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135A2A46FF8CFF8F8274FA8AC74CFAC4" box="[293,376,1287,1314]" captionStart="FIGURES 12–20" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1578,1603]" captionTargetBox="[230,1364,401,1533]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[206,1382,380,1552]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 12–20. Scanning Electron Microscopy of Pseudastenus plaumanni. 12. Labium, ventral view; 13. Detail of glossa, lateral lobe, ventral view; 14. Labium, dorsal view; 15. Pronotum, dorsal view; 16. Pronotum, ventral view; 17. Detail of labial palpomere 3, dorsal view; 18. Elytron, dorsal view; 19. Meso and metaventrite, ventral view; 20. Abdominal sternites I–III." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724295" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724295/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
); profemur enlarged (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135A2A46FF8CFF8F813BFA8AC48AFAC4" box="[618,702,1288,1314]" captionStart="FIGURES 21–29" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1908,1933]" captionTargetBox="[232,1367,616,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[206,1382,597,1882]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 21–29. Pseudastenus plaumanni. 21. Labrum, dorsal view; 22. Mandibles, dorsal view; 23. Maxilla, ventral view; 24. Tergites I–III, dorsal view; 25. Tergite VI, dorsal view; 26. Tergite VII, lateral view; 27. Foreleg, external view; 28. Tergite VIII, dorsal view; 29. Sternite VIII, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724297" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724297/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Fig. 27</figureCitation>
|
||
); protarsus not dilated; and metatibia with apical ctenidium on the posterior face.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37B6548FF8CFF8C8396FACDC33EFBDE" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="141" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDE36C3FF8CFF8C8396FACDC287FCB9" blockId="1.[151,1437,1035,2034]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,153,1547]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="141" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EAD1FF8CFF8F8396FACDC7F4FA8C" bold="true" box="[199,448,1359,1386]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Redescription. Male.</emphasis>
|
||
Maximum body length
|
||
<quantity id="4C999B26FF8CFF8F819EFACDC501FA8C" box="[719,821,1359,1386]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.50 mm</quantity>
|
||
, humeral width
|
||
<quantity id="4C999B26FF8CFF8F80BAFACDC267FA8C" box="[1003,1107,1359,1386]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.50 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Body elongate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135A2A46FF8CFF8F8641FAD2C3ACFA8F" box="[1296,1432,1359,1386]" captionStart="FIGURES 36–39. 36" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1497,1522]" captionTargetBox="[226,1371,203,1410]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[190,1398,181,1471]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 36–39. 36. Pseudastenus barretoi, lectotype, dorsal view (FMNH); 37. P. plaumanni, lectotype, dorsal view (FMNH); 38. Labels from the lectotype of P. barretoi (FMNH); 39. Labels from the lectotype of P. plaumanni (FMNH). Scale bars: 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724301" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724301/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Figs. 36–37</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="135A2A46FF8CFF8F83C6FAF1C6D6FA68" box="[151,226,1395,1422]" captionStart="FIGURES 40–45" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1932,1957]" captionTargetBox="[197,1381,213,1868]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[161,1427,181,1906]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 40–45. Dorsal view. 40. Pseudastenus ribeirocostae sp. nov.; 41. P. ferrugineus sp. nov.; 42. P. latus sp. nov.; 43. P. oculatus sp. nov.; 44. P. amazonicus sp. nov.; 45. P. schubarti sp. nov. Scale bars: 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724303" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724303/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">40–45</figureCitation>
|
||
); head and pronotum equal in width, elytra conspicuously narrower and abdomen tapering to apex. Head, pronotum and elytra with dense, microtuberculate, setiferous punctures, surface matt (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135A2A46FF8CFF8F8739FA1AC282FA54" box="[1128,1206,1432,1458]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–11" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1875,1900]" captionTargetBox="[188,1405,210,1838]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[165,1421,179,1848]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1–11. Scanning Electron Microscopy of Pseudastenus plaumanni. 1. Head, dorsal view; 2. Antenna; 3.Antennomere 9; 4. Glandular pore, antennomere 10; 5. Antennomere 10; 6. Glandular pore, antennomere 9; 7. Antennomere 11, arrow indicates glandular pores; 8. Labrum, dorsal view; 9. Mandible, dorsal view; 10. Maxillary palpus, ventral view; 11. Maxillary palpomere 4." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724293" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724293/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="135A2A46FF8CFF8F8794FA15C324FA54" box="[1221,1296,1431,1458]" captionStart="FIGURES 12–20" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1578,1603]" captionTargetBox="[230,1364,401,1533]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[206,1382,380,1552]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 12–20. Scanning Electron Microscopy of Pseudastenus plaumanni. 12. Labium, ventral view; 13. Detail of glossa, lateral lobe, ventral view; 14. Labium, dorsal view; 15. Pronotum, dorsal view; 16. Pronotum, ventral view; 17. Detail of labial palpomere 3, dorsal view; 18. Elytron, dorsal view; 19. Meso and metaventrite, ventral view; 20. Abdominal sternites I–III." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724295" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724295/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">15, 18</figureCitation>
|
||
); abdominal segments slightly glossier. Abdominal setae longer than those of the remaining body, length of setae gradually increasing to the apex.
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EAD1FF8CFF8F82D6FA62C7E4FA1C" bold="true" box="[391,464,1504,1530]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Head:</emphasis>
|
||
wider at base than at front, shape trapezoidal (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135A2A46FF8CFF8F80B2FA62C211FA1C" box="[995,1061,1504,1530]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–11" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1875,1900]" captionTargetBox="[188,1405,210,1838]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[165,1421,179,1848]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1–11. Scanning Electron Microscopy of Pseudastenus plaumanni. 1. Head, dorsal view; 2. Antenna; 3.Antennomere 9; 4. Glandular pore, antennomere 10; 5. Antennomere 10; 6. Glandular pore, antennomere 9; 7. Antennomere 11, arrow indicates glandular pores; 8. Labrum, dorsal view; 9. Mandible, dorsal view; 10. Maxillary palpus, ventral view; 11. Maxillary palpomere 4." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724293" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724293/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
); basal margin with short medial emargination; neck one-third as wide as head. Antennae short, reaching the apical margin of pronotum; clavate, gradually widened from antennomeres 4 to 11; fine pubescence gradually increasing to apex; scape long, almost as long as four subsequent antennomeres combined; pedicel and antennomere 3 longer than wide, pedicel longer than 3rd; antennomere 4 subquadrate; antennomeres 5 to 10 wider than long; antennomere 11 almost two times longer than wide, length equal to the three preceding antennomeres combined (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135A2A46FF8CFF8F8744F916C26EF948" box="[1045,1114,1684,1710]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–11" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1875,1900]" captionTargetBox="[188,1405,210,1838]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[165,1421,179,1848]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1–11. Scanning Electron Microscopy of Pseudastenus plaumanni. 1. Head, dorsal view; 2. Antenna; 3.Antennomere 9; 4. Glandular pore, antennomere 10; 5. Antennomere 10; 6. Glandular pore, antennomere 9; 7. Antennomere 11, arrow indicates glandular pores; 8. Labrum, dorsal view; 9. Mandible, dorsal view; 10. Maxillary palpus, ventral view; 11. Maxillary palpomere 4." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724293" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724293/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
); antennomeres 9 to 11 with glandular pores (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135A2A46FF8CFF8F8203F93AC78BF934" box="[338,447,1720,1746]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–11" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1875,1900]" captionTargetBox="[188,1405,210,1838]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[165,1421,179,1848]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1–11. Scanning Electron Microscopy of Pseudastenus plaumanni. 1. Head, dorsal view; 2. Antenna; 3.Antennomere 9; 4. Glandular pore, antennomere 10; 5. Antennomere 10; 6. Glandular pore, antennomere 9; 7. Antennomere 11, arrow indicates glandular pores; 8. Labrum, dorsal view; 9. Mandible, dorsal view; 10. Maxillary palpus, ventral view; 11. Maxillary palpomere 4." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724293" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724293/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Figs. 3–7</figureCitation>
|
||
). Labrum transverse, with longitudinal median sulcus on the surface (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135A2A46FF8CFF8F8792F93AC332F934" box="[1219,1286,1720,1746]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–11" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1875,1900]" captionTargetBox="[188,1405,210,1838]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[165,1421,179,1848]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1–11. Scanning Electron Microscopy of Pseudastenus plaumanni. 1. Head, dorsal view; 2. Antenna; 3.Antennomere 9; 4. Glandular pore, antennomere 10; 5. Antennomere 10; 6. Glandular pore, antennomere 9; 7. Antennomere 11, arrow indicates glandular pores; 8. Labrum, dorsal view; 9. Mandible, dorsal view; 10. Maxillary palpus, ventral view; 11. Maxillary palpomere 4." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724293" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724293/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="135A2A46FF8CFF8F8643F93AC305F934" box="[1298,1329,1720,1746]" captionStart="FIGURES 21–29" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1908,1933]" captionTargetBox="[232,1367,616,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[206,1382,597,1882]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 21–29. Pseudastenus plaumanni. 21. Labrum, dorsal view; 22. Mandibles, dorsal view; 23. Maxilla, ventral view; 24. Tergites I–III, dorsal view; 25. Tergite VI, dorsal view; 26. Tergite VII, lateral view; 27. Foreleg, external view; 28. Tergite VIII, dorsal view; 29. Sternite VIII, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724297" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724297/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">21</figureCitation>
|
||
); anterior margin deeply emarginate at the middle, with four denticles, each medial two denticles robust and with two spinelike setae, each external denticles with one spine-like seta; lateral margin rounded. Mandibles symmetric, with three internal teeth, medial tooth shortest (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135A2A46FF8CFF8F8169F8A6C4BCF8D8" box="[568,648,1828,1854]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–11" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1875,1900]" captionTargetBox="[188,1405,210,1838]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[165,1421,179,1848]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1–11. Scanning Electron Microscopy of Pseudastenus plaumanni. 1. Head, dorsal view; 2. Antenna; 3.Antennomere 9; 4. Glandular pore, antennomere 10; 5. Antennomere 10; 6. Glandular pore, antennomere 9; 7. Antennomere 11, arrow indicates glandular pores; 8. Labrum, dorsal view; 9. Mandible, dorsal view; 10. Maxillary palpus, ventral view; 11. Maxillary palpomere 4." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724293" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724293/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Figs. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="135A2A46FF8CFF8F81C4F8A6C481F8D8" box="[661,693,1828,1854]" captionStart="FIGURES 21–29" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1908,1933]" captionTargetBox="[232,1367,616,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[206,1382,597,1882]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 21–29. Pseudastenus plaumanni. 21. Labrum, dorsal view; 22. Mandibles, dorsal view; 23. Maxilla, ventral view; 24. Tergites I–III, dorsal view; 25. Tergite VI, dorsal view; 26. Tergite VII, lateral view; 27. Foreleg, external view; 28. Tergite VIII, dorsal view; 29. Sternite VIII, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724297" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724297/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">22</figureCitation>
|
||
). Maxilla with short galea and lacinia, almost equal in length and densely ciliate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135A2A46FF8CFF8F8217F8CAC7ACF884" box="[326,408,1864,1890]" captionStart="FIGURES 21–29" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1908,1933]" captionTargetBox="[232,1367,616,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[206,1382,597,1882]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 21–29. Pseudastenus plaumanni. 21. Labrum, dorsal view; 22. Mandibles, dorsal view; 23. Maxilla, ventral view; 24. Tergites I–III, dorsal view; 25. Tergite VI, dorsal view; 26. Tergite VII, lateral view; 27. Foreleg, external view; 28. Tergite VIII, dorsal view; 29. Sternite VIII, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724297" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724297/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
|
||
); palpomere 1 longer than wide; palpomere 2 three times longer than wide, enlarged to apex; palpomere 3 longest, almost three times longer than wide, asymmetric with protuberant internal margin; palpomere 4 shortest, very small and acute (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135A2A46FF8CFF8F8149F812C497F84C" box="[536,675,1936,1962]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–11" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1875,1900]" captionTargetBox="[188,1405,210,1838]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[165,1421,179,1848]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1–11. Scanning Electron Microscopy of Pseudastenus plaumanni. 1. Head, dorsal view; 2. Antenna; 3.Antennomere 9; 4. Glandular pore, antennomere 10; 5. Antennomere 10; 6. Glandular pore, antennomere 9; 7. Antennomere 11, arrow indicates glandular pores; 8. Labrum, dorsal view; 9. Mandible, dorsal view; 10. Maxillary palpus, ventral view; 11. Maxillary palpomere 4." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724293" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724293/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Figs. 10, 11</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="135A2A46FF8CFF8F81E3F812C4E6F84C" box="[690,722,1936,1962]" captionStart="FIGURES 21–29" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1908,1933]" captionTargetBox="[232,1367,616,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[206,1382,597,1882]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 21–29. Pseudastenus plaumanni. 21. Labrum, dorsal view; 22. Mandibles, dorsal view; 23. Maxilla, ventral view; 24. Tergites I–III, dorsal view; 25. Tergite VI, dorsal view; 26. Tergite VII, lateral view; 27. Foreleg, external view; 28. Tergite VIII, dorsal view; 29. Sternite VIII, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724297" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724297/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">23</figureCitation>
|
||
). Mentum hexagonal; wider than long (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135A2A46FF8CFF8F87CCF812C2C7F84C" box="[1181,1267,1936,1962]" captionStart="FIGURES 12–20" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1578,1603]" captionTargetBox="[230,1364,401,1533]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[206,1382,380,1552]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 12–20. Scanning Electron Microscopy of Pseudastenus plaumanni. 12. Labium, ventral view; 13. Detail of glossa, lateral lobe, ventral view; 14. Labium, dorsal view; 15. Pronotum, dorsal view; 16. Pronotum, ventral view; 17. Detail of labial palpomere 3, dorsal view; 18. Elytron, dorsal view; 19. Meso and metaventrite, ventral view; 20. Abdominal sternites I–III." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724295" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724295/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
|
||
). Labium with glossae subdivided in three dentate lobes, median lobe transverse and lateral lobes rounded (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135A2A46FF8CFF8F87E2F836C309F828" box="[1203,1341,1972,1998]" captionStart="FIGURES 12–20" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1578,1603]" captionTargetBox="[230,1364,401,1533]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[206,1382,380,1552]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 12–20. Scanning Electron Microscopy of Pseudastenus plaumanni. 12. Labium, ventral view; 13. Detail of glossa, lateral lobe, ventral view; 14. Labium, dorsal view; 15. Pronotum, dorsal view; 16. Pronotum, ventral view; 17. Detail of labial palpomere 3, dorsal view; 18. Elytron, dorsal view; 19. Meso and metaventrite, ventral view; 20. Abdominal sternites I–III." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724295" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724295/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Figs. 12, 13</figureCitation>
|
||
); Hypopharynx with lobes of spinelike setae on anterior margin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135A2A46FF8CFF8F804AF85AC55BF814" box="[795,879,2008,2034]" captionStart="FIGURES 12–20" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1578,1603]" captionTargetBox="[230,1364,401,1533]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[206,1382,380,1552]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 12–20. Scanning Electron Microscopy of Pseudastenus plaumanni. 12. Labium, ventral view; 13. Detail of glossa, lateral lobe, ventral view; 14. Labium, dorsal view; 15. Pronotum, dorsal view; 16. Pronotum, ventral view; 17. Detail of labial palpomere 3, dorsal view; 18. Elytron, dorsal view; 19. Meso and metaventrite, ventral view; 20. Abdominal sternites I–III." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724295" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724295/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
||
). Labial palpomere 2 longest and six times longer 3 than palpomere 1, set of spine-like setae on the ventral margin of the internal face (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135A2A46FF8FFF8C871AFF1BC2C9FF55" box="[1099,1277,153,179]" captionStart="FIGURES 12–20" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1578,1603]" captionTargetBox="[230,1364,401,1533]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[206,1382,380,1552]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 12–20. Scanning Electron Microscopy of Pseudastenus plaumanni. 12. Labium, ventral view; 13. Detail of glossa, lateral lobe, ventral view; 14. Labium, dorsal view; 15. Pronotum, dorsal view; 16. Pronotum, ventral view; 17. Detail of labial palpomere 3, dorsal view; 18. Elytron, dorsal view; 19. Meso and metaventrite, ventral view; 20. Abdominal sternites I–III." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724295" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724295/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Figs. 12, 14, 17</figureCitation>
|
||
); 3 narrowest, parallel sides and truncate apex; palpomere 2 and 3 with internal face conspicuously concave (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135A2A46FF8FFF8C8797FF3FC365FF31" box="[1222,1361,189,215]" captionStart="FIGURES 12–20" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1578,1603]" captionTargetBox="[230,1364,401,1533]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[206,1382,380,1552]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 12–20. Scanning Electron Microscopy of Pseudastenus plaumanni. 12. Labium, ventral view; 13. Detail of glossa, lateral lobe, ventral view; 14. Labium, dorsal view; 15. Pronotum, dorsal view; 16. Pronotum, ventral view; 17. Detail of labial palpomere 3, dorsal view; 18. Elytron, dorsal view; 19. Meso and metaventrite, ventral view; 20. Abdominal sternites I–III." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724295" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724295/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Figs. 14, 17</figureCitation>
|
||
). Gula very narrow and parallel sides.
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EAD1FF8FFF8C82A7FF63C46CFF1D" bold="true" box="[502,600,225,251]" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Thorax:</emphasis>
|
||
shape of pronotum trapezoidal (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135A2A46FF8FFF8C8093FF63C222FF1D" box="[962,1046,224,251]" captionStart="FIGURES 12–20" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1578,1603]" captionTargetBox="[230,1364,401,1533]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[206,1382,380,1552]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 12–20. Scanning Electron Microscopy of Pseudastenus plaumanni. 12. Labium, ventral view; 13. Detail of glossa, lateral lobe, ventral view; 14. Labium, dorsal view; 15. Pronotum, dorsal view; 16. Pronotum, ventral view; 17. Detail of labial palpomere 3, dorsal view; 18. Elytron, dorsal view; 19. Meso and metaventrite, ventral view; 20. Abdominal sternites I–III." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724295" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724295/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
); anterior margin curved; posterior margin slightly curved. Anterior and posterior angles with macrosetae, anterior setae longer than posterior setae. Pronotal hypomeron with conspicuous superior line deflected ventrally to the anterior margin; joining the prosternal transverse carina (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135A2A46FF8FFF8C8239FECFC78AFE8E" box="[360,446,333,360]" captionStart="FIGURES 12–20" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1578,1603]" captionTargetBox="[230,1364,401,1533]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[206,1382,380,1552]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 12–20. Scanning Electron Microscopy of Pseudastenus plaumanni. 12. Labium, ventral view; 13. Detail of glossa, lateral lobe, ventral view; 14. Labium, dorsal view; 15. Pronotum, dorsal view; 16. Pronotum, ventral view; 17. Detail of labial palpomere 3, dorsal view; 18. Elytron, dorsal view; 19. Meso and metaventrite, ventral view; 20. Abdominal sternites I–III." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724295" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724295/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
). Profurcasternum expanded caudally and laterally, almost contiguous with the pronotal hypomeron. Basisternum carinate and contiguous to the intercoxal carina (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135A2A46FF8FFF8C875DFEF3C255FE6A" box="[1036,1121,369,396]" captionStart="FIGURES 12–20" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1578,1603]" captionTargetBox="[230,1364,401,1533]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[206,1382,380,1552]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 12–20. Scanning Electron Microscopy of Pseudastenus plaumanni. 12. Labium, ventral view; 13. Detail of glossa, lateral lobe, ventral view; 14. Labium, dorsal view; 15. Pronotum, dorsal view; 16. Pronotum, ventral view; 17. Detail of labial palpomere 3, dorsal view; 18. Elytron, dorsal view; 19. Meso and metaventrite, ventral view; 20. Abdominal sternites I–III." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724295" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724295/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
). Posterior margin of elytra emarginate. Hind wings well developed or short and poorly developed. Mesoventrite long, with the same length of metaventrite (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135A2A46FF8FFF8C8262FE3BC7B3FE35" box="[307,391,441,467]" captionStart="FIGURES 12–20" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1578,1603]" captionTargetBox="[230,1364,401,1533]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[206,1382,380,1552]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 12–20. Scanning Electron Microscopy of Pseudastenus plaumanni. 12. Labium, ventral view; 13. Detail of glossa, lateral lobe, ventral view; 14. Labium, dorsal view; 15. Pronotum, dorsal view; 16. Pronotum, ventral view; 17. Detail of labial palpomere 3, dorsal view; 18. Elytron, dorsal view; 19. Meso and metaventrite, ventral view; 20. Abdominal sternites I–III." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724295" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724295/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||
); mesocoxae contiguous; mesoventrite process longer and sharper than metaventrite process. Tarsal formula 5-5-5; tarsomere 1 longest and 4 shortest (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135A2A46FF8FFF8C8067FE5FC5B9FE11" box="[822,909,477,503]" captionStart="FIGURES 21–29" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1908,1933]" captionTargetBox="[232,1367,616,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[206,1382,597,1882]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 21–29. Pseudastenus plaumanni. 21. Labrum, dorsal view; 22. Mandibles, dorsal view; 23. Maxilla, ventral view; 24. Tergites I–III, dorsal view; 25. Tergite VI, dorsal view; 26. Tergite VII, lateral view; 27. Foreleg, external view; 28. Tergite VIII, dorsal view; 29. Sternite VIII, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724297" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724297/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Fig. 27</figureCitation>
|
||
). Profemur enlarged (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135A2A46FF8FFF8C87DBFE5FC2D5FE11" box="[1162,1249,477,503]" captionStart="FIGURES 21–29" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1908,1933]" captionTargetBox="[232,1367,616,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[206,1382,597,1882]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 21–29. Pseudastenus plaumanni. 21. Labrum, dorsal view; 22. Mandibles, dorsal view; 23. Maxilla, ventral view; 24. Tergites I–III, dorsal view; 25. Tergite VI, dorsal view; 26. Tergite VII, lateral view; 27. Foreleg, external view; 28. Tergite VIII, dorsal view; 29. Sternite VIII, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724297" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724297/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Fig. 27</figureCitation>
|
||
); metatibia with apical ctenidium on the posterior face.
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EAD1FF8FFF8C8106FD82C4E1FDFD" bold="true" box="[599,725,512,539]" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Abdomen:</emphasis>
|
||
segments III–V parallel sided, VI–VIII tapering to abdominal apex. Segments III–VI with two pairs of paratergites, narrow and equally long as tergites (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135A2A46FF8FFF8C87C4FDA7C314FDD9" box="[1173,1312,548,575]" captionStart="FIGURES 21–29" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1908,1933]" captionTargetBox="[232,1367,616,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[206,1382,597,1882]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 21–29. Pseudastenus plaumanni. 21. Labrum, dorsal view; 22. Mandibles, dorsal view; 23. Maxilla, ventral view; 24. Tergites I–III, dorsal view; 25. Tergite VI, dorsal view; 26. Tergite VII, lateral view; 27. Foreleg, external view; 28. Tergite VIII, dorsal view; 29. Sternite VIII, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724297" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724297/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Figs. 24–25</figureCitation>
|
||
); segments VII–VIII without pair of paratergites, but with lateral lobes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135A2A46FF8FFF8C806FFDCBC5A7FD82" box="[830,915,585,612]" captionStart="FIGURES 21–29" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1908,1933]" captionTargetBox="[232,1367,616,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[206,1382,597,1882]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 21–29. Pseudastenus plaumanni. 21. Labrum, dorsal view; 22. Mandibles, dorsal view; 23. Maxilla, ventral view; 24. Tergites I–III, dorsal view; 25. Tergite VI, dorsal view; 26. Tergite VII, lateral view; 27. Foreleg, external view; 28. Tergite VIII, dorsal view; 29. Sternite VIII, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724297" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724297/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
|
||
). Tergite VIII with posterior margin pointed at the middle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135A2A46FF8FFF8C824EFDEFC740FD61" box="[287,372,621,647]" captionStart="FIGURES 21–29" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1908,1933]" captionTargetBox="[232,1367,616,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[206,1382,597,1882]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 21–29. Pseudastenus plaumanni. 21. Labrum, dorsal view; 22. Mandibles, dorsal view; 23. Maxilla, ventral view; 24. Tergites I–III, dorsal view; 25. Tergite VI, dorsal view; 26. Tergite VII, lateral view; 27. Foreleg, external view; 28. Tergite VIII, dorsal view; 29. Sternite VIII, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724297" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724297/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
|
||
); sternite VIII with posterior margin broadly rounded (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135A2A46FF8FFF8C808FFDEFC207FD61" box="[990,1075,621,647]" captionStart="FIGURES 21–29" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1908,1933]" captionTargetBox="[232,1367,616,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[206,1382,597,1882]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 21–29. Pseudastenus plaumanni. 21. Labrum, dorsal view; 22. Mandibles, dorsal view; 23. Maxilla, ventral view; 24. Tergites I–III, dorsal view; 25. Tergite VI, dorsal view; 26. Tergite VII, lateral view; 27. Foreleg, external view; 28. Tergite VIII, dorsal view; 29. Sternite VIII, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724297" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724297/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
|
||
). Tergite IX with long and symmetrical ventral struts (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135A2A46FF8FFF8C82CCFD13C7C5FD4D" box="[413,497,657,683]" captionStart="FIGURES 30–35" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1436,1461]" captionTargetBox="[198,1387,200,1385]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[179,1408,181,1410]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 30–35. Pseudastenus plaumanni. 30. Tergite IX, male, dorsal view; 31. Sternite IX, male, ventral view; 32. Tergite X, male, dorsal view; 33. Tergite IX, female, dorsal view; 34. Hemisternite IX, female, ventral view; 35. Tergite X, female, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724299" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724299/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
|
||
), anterior and posterior margin conspicuously emarginate at the middle; sternite IX three times longer than wide (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135A2A46FF8FFF8C82B3FD37C400FD29" box="[482,564,693,719]" captionStart="FIGURES 30–35" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1436,1461]" captionTargetBox="[198,1387,200,1385]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[179,1408,181,1410]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 30–35. Pseudastenus plaumanni. 30. Tergite IX, male, dorsal view; 31. Sternite IX, male, ventral view; 32. Tergite X, male, dorsal view; 33. Tergite IX, female, dorsal view; 34. Hemisternite IX, female, ventral view; 35. Tergite X, female, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724299" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724299/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
|
||
), posterior margin rounded and median three-fifths fringed and pair of subapical macrosetae. Tergite X trapezoidal, anterior margin curved; latero-apical and posterior margin fringed, with two or three subapical macrosetae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135A2A46FF8FFF8C82A1FD7FC470FCF1" box="[496,580,765,791]" captionStart="FIGURES 30–35" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1436,1461]" captionTargetBox="[198,1387,200,1385]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[179,1408,181,1410]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 30–35. Pseudastenus plaumanni. 30. Tergite IX, male, dorsal view; 31. Sternite IX, male, ventral view; 32. Tergite X, male, dorsal view; 33. Tergite IX, female, dorsal view; 34. Hemisternite IX, female, ventral view; 35. Tergite X, female, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724299" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724299/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Fig. 32</figureCitation>
|
||
). Aedeagus elongate, 3.7 to 5.9 times longer than wide; parameres not distinguishable; median lobe with two pairs of internal sclerites, the basal pair more robust than apical; and ejaculatory duct with two trifurcate sclerites (at least in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C614D40FF8FFF8C81D5FCC4C52CFCB9" authorityName="Bierig" authorityYear="1939" box="[644,792,837,863]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Xenaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="plaumanni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EAD1FF8FFF8C81D5FCC4C52CFCB9" box="[644,792,837,863]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">P. plaumanni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C614D40FF8FFF8C801FFCC4C5C9FCB9" authorityName="Busanello & Irmler & Caron" authorityYear="2020" box="[846,1021,837,863]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Pseudastenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ribeirocostae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EAD1FF8FFF8C801FFCC4C5C9FCB9" box="[846,1021,837,863]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">P. ribeirocostae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135A2A46FF8FFF8C874CFCC7C292FCB9" box="[1053,1190,837,863]" captionStart="FIGURES 46–47" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1161,1186]" captionTargetBox="[247,1380,261,1071]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,181,1135]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 46–47. Aedeagus of Pseudastenus plaumanni. 46. Dissected from the lectotype (FMNH), dorsal view. 47. Dissected from a specimen collected in the type locality, dorsal and lateral view, respectively. Details: a, basal sclerite; b, apical sclerite; c, basal sclerite of the ejaculatory duct; d, apical sclerite of the ejaculatory duct. Scale bars: 0.2mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724305" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724305/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Figs. 46, 47</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDE36C3FF8FFF8C8396FCEBC414FC09" blockId="2.[151,1437,153,1547]" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EAD1FF8FFF8C8396FCEBC711FC65" bold="true" box="[199,293,873,899]" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Female.</emphasis>
|
||
Similar to male, except for tergite IX without ventral struts, almost totally divided longitudinally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135A2A46FF8FFF8C863EFCEBC682FC41" captionStart="FIGURES 30–35" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1436,1461]" captionTargetBox="[198,1387,200,1385]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[179,1408,181,1410]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 30–35. Pseudastenus plaumanni. 30. Tergite IX, male, dorsal view; 31. Sternite IX, male, ventral view; 32. Tergite X, male, dorsal view; 33. Tergite IX, female, dorsal view; 34. Hemisternite IX, female, ventral view; 35. Tergite X, female, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724299" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724299/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
|
||
); hemisternite IX with set of subapical macrosetae and posterior margin fringed (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135A2A46FF8FFF8C8709FC0FC29AFC41" box="[1112,1198,909,935]" captionStart="FIGURES 30–35" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1436,1461]" captionTargetBox="[198,1387,200,1385]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[179,1408,181,1410]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 30–35. Pseudastenus plaumanni. 30. Tergite IX, male, dorsal view; 31. Sternite IX, male, ventral view; 32. Tergite X, male, dorsal view; 33. Tergite IX, female, dorsal view; 34. Hemisternite IX, female, ventral view; 35. Tergite X, female, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724299" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724299/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Fig. 34</figureCitation>
|
||
); tergite X similar to male, but with 4 anterior margin pointed (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135A2A46FF8FFF8C8138FC33C488FC2D" box="[617,700,944,971]" captionStart="FIGURES 30–35" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1436,1461]" captionTargetBox="[198,1387,200,1385]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[179,1408,181,1410]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 30–35. Pseudastenus plaumanni. 30. Tergite IX, male, dorsal view; 31. Sternite IX, male, ventral view; 32. Tergite X, male, dorsal view; 33. Tergite IX, female, dorsal view; 34. Hemisternite IX, female, ventral view; 35. Tergite X, female, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724299" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3724299/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Fig. 35</figureCitation>
|
||
). Sclerotized spermatheca not found. The females should be identified by association with the male.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDE36C3FF8FFF8C8396FC7AC33EFBDE" blockId="2.[151,1437,153,1547]" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EAD1FF8FFF8C8396FC7AC7E7FBF5" bold="true" box="[199,467,1016,1043]" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Geographical records.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B093C9EFF8FFF8C828CFC7BC4C4FBF5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2579576922" box="[477,752,1017,1043]" country="Mexico" location="Quintana Roo" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Quintana Roo">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3767653FF8FFF8C828CFC7BC407FBF5" box="[477,563,1017,1043]" name="Mexico" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A5F821FF8FFF8C8112FC7BC4DCFBF5" box="[579,744,1017,1043]" country="Mexico" name="Quintana Roo" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Quintana Roo</collectingRegion>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B093C9EFF8FFF8C81AFFC7BC5C1FBF2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2579576931" box="[766,1013,1017,1044]" country="Colombia" location="Risaralda" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Risaralda">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3767653FF8FFF8C81AFFC7BC558FBF5" box="[766,876,1017,1043]" name="Colombia" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A5F821FF8FFF8C802CFC7BC5D9FBF2" box="[893,1005,1017,1044]" country="Colombia" name="Risaralda" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Risaralda</collectingRegion>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B093C9EFF8FFF8C8752FC7BC28EFBF5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2579576925" box="[1027,1210,1017,1043]" country="Peru" location="Huanuco" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Huanuco">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3767653FF8FFF8C8752FC7BC202FBF5" box="[1027,1078,1017,1043]" name="Peru" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A5F821FF8FFF8C8716FC7BC286FBF5" box="[1095,1202,1017,1043]" country="Peru" name="Huanuco" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Huánuco</collectingRegion>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B093C9EFF8FFF8C8799FC7BC554FBDE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2579576923" collectorName="Amazonas & Distrito Federal" country="Brazil" location="Goias" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Goias">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3767653FF8FFF8C8799FC7BC338FBF5" box="[1224,1292,1017,1043]" name="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectorName id="26945315FF8FFF8C864CFC7BC3ACFBF5" box="[1309,1432,1017,1043]" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Amazonas</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26945315FF8FFF8C83C6FB9FC77FFBD1" box="[151,331,1053,1079]" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Distrito Federal</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A5F821FF8FFF8C8207FB9FC7AEFBD1" box="[342,410,1053,1079]" country="Brazil" name="Goias" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Goiás</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A5F821FF8FFF8C82F4FB9FC47EFBD1" box="[421,586,1053,1079]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A5F821FF8FFF8C8104FB9FC490FBD1" box="[597,676,1053,1079]" country="Brazil" name="Parana" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Paraná</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A5F821FF8FFF8C81FEFB9FC56CFBDE" box="[687,856,1053,1080]" country="Brazil" name="Santa Catarina" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Santa Catarina</collectingRegion>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B093C9EFF8FFF8C803BFB9FC332FBDE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2579576913" box="[874,1286,1053,1080]" country="Argentina" location="Missiones" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Chaco">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3767653FF8FFF8C803BFB9FC5EDFBD1" box="[874,985,1053,1079]" name="Argentina" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A5F821FF8FFF8C80B9FB9FC200FBD1" box="[1000,1076,1053,1079]" country="Argentina" name="Chaco" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Chaco</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A5F821FF8FFF8C876EFB9FC249FBD1" box="[1087,1149,1053,1079]" country="Argentina" name="Jujuy" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Jujuy</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EBE6018FF8FFF8C87D9FB9FC2CBFBDE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C887D5FF8CFF8C83C6FDEFC3B3F9ED:8EBE6018FF8FFF8C87D9FB9FC2CBFBDE" box="[1160,1279,1053,1080]" country="Argentina" name="Missiones" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" stateProvince="Chaco">Missiones</location>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37B6548FF8FFF8C8396FBC3C3B3F9ED" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDE36C3FF8FFF8C8396FBC3C3B3F9ED" blockId="2.[151,1437,153,1547]" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EAD1FF8FFF8C8396FBC3C70FFBBD" bold="true" box="[199,315,1089,1115]" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The species of the genus are usually rare and found in restricted areas. They were usually collected in only small numbers at their sampling locations. Only
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C614D40FF8FFF8C8052FBE4C5A1FB99" authorityName="Bierig" authorityYear="1939" box="[771,917,1125,1151]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Xenaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="plaumanni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EAD1FF8FFF8C8052FBE4C5A1FB99" box="[771,917,1125,1151]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">P. plaumanni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
seems to have a wider distribution from southeastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3767653FF8FFF8C83BFFB0BC715FB45" box="[238,289,1161,1187]" name="Peru" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
to northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3767653FF8FFF8C82FDFB0BC42BFB45" box="[428,543,1161,1187]" name="Argentina" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
. According to information given by Lee Herman (AMNH), a higher number of species can be expected regarding the material deposited already in museums waiting to be described which can be also derived from species only present as female specimens for this study. As the information labelled to the studied specimens, the species of the genus live in the litter layer of rainforests. As two species groups could be differentiated one with normally developed elytra and hind wings and one with reduced elytra of hind wings, two groups with different ecologically demands can be separated. The first group with well-developed elytra certainly life in the upper humus layer of the forests, whereas the second group with reduced hind wings will prefer deeper humus horizons. Furthermore, the reduced flight ability indicates a low distribution ability and, thus, a more restricted distribution than in the group with well-developed hind wings. They may represent relict species which indicate former relict forest patches during ice age more even earlier geological eras. In particular more species of this group can be expected in mountainous regions such as in the Atlantic forest in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3767653FF8FFF8C8020FA73C581F9ED" box="[881,949,1521,1547]" name="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
or the eastern slope of the Andean range.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |