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<document id="2EF8A6D14DD8994F4DFB7AD0E1410F3C" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4013.3.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fb7d2185-52ce-4846-8eb1-854c68574aab" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="245770" ID-ZooBank="7C9F9BF9-2AC4-41B3-A2E6-2CE9F241C46A" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461247652445" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Taeger, Andreas &amp; Viitasaari, Matti" docDate="2015" docId="03C3EC166D20FF8EFF6900A637082AFB" docLanguage="en" docName="zt04013p398.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4013 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Rhogogaster magniserrula Viitasaari, spec. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="377" masterDocId="FFFA946E6D27FF86FFFE04173251293C" masterDocTitle="European Rhogogaster s. str., with notes on several Asian species (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae)" masterLastPageNumber="398" masterPageNumber="369" pageNumber="376" updateTime="1698606837788" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="86BB99C43F5636C74DE916DA66F41526">European Rhogogaster s. str., with notes on several Asian species (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="F9CD61A284C93E5872CF41DFD61C7092" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="94B03982989D505C1B9F976084B28844">Taeger, Andreas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="40677531CC4A8457744321DFBDBA45AB" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="B784F8FF35582FA7F897FFA704422D7B">Viitasaari, Matti</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="19855FE432B087FE2F65403F50B969CA">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="902CC5DA780EAD7977E7B943E98C7E9A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="933C2C1A0452BCF7189E6A22F8250DEE">
<mods:date id="86C0C41FABE0BD6DD9055A15B06A37AD">2015</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="BED7D86CFCAA0609247639E07290116A" type="volume">
<mods:number id="7850AF83FF9B12CAB1534B5FC5B66868">4013</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="95A393DC262065712F64564DF2AE5A84">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="6F0E1D86A8BC78C8AC08DB93D887B9B6" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4013.3.3</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03C3EC166D20FF8EFF6900A637082AFB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6113754" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119635268" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6113754" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C3EC166D20FF8EFF6900A637082AFB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C3EC166D20FF8EFF6900A637082AFB" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="377" pageId="7" pageNumber="376">
<subSubSection id="C3700E8B6D20FF81FF6900A633B22DD0" pageId="7" pageNumber="376" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BD55D006D20FF81FF6900A630B32DF7" blockId="7.[151,738,1201,1261]" box="[151,738,1201,1227]" pageId="7" pageNumber="376">
<heading id="D09DEA6C6D20FF81FF6900A630B32DF7" bold="true" box="[151,738,1201,1227]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="376" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B91E81126D20FF81FF6900A630B32DF7" bold="true" box="[151,738,1201,1227]" pageId="7" pageNumber="376">
<taxonomicName id="4C6A26836D20FF81FF6900A6300F2DF7" authority="Viitasaari" authorityName="Viitasaari" box="[151,606,1201,1227]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Rhogogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="376" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magniserrula" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91E81126D20FF81FF6900A6338B2DF7" bold="true" box="[151,474,1201,1227]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="376">Rhogogaster magniserrula</emphasis>
Viitasaari
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22D3C696D20FF81FD9500A630B32DF7" box="[619,738,1201,1227]" pageId="7" pageNumber="376" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD55D006D20FF81FF6900C333B22DD0" blockId="7.[151,738,1201,1261]" box="[151,483,1236,1261]" pageId="7" pageNumber="376">
(
<figureCitation id="135141856D20FF81FF6100C333432DD0" box="[159,274,1236,1261]" captionStart="FIGURE 4. a x" captionStartId="22.[151,249,1633,1655]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,271,1561]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[151,1436,271,1561]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 4. a x: head in dorsal view— a Rhogogaster punctulata, b R. chlorosoma, c R. chlorosoma (paratype), d R. scalaris (R. chlorosoma podkumokensis lectotype), e R. scalaris, f R. scalaris, g R. scalaris (R. carpatica lectotype), h R. scalaris, i R. viridis, j R. viridis (R. dryas paratype), k R. viridis, l R. polaris, m R. sibirica (lectotype), n R. magniserrula (holotype), o R. magniserrula (paratype from Russia), p R. magniserrula (holotype, oblique view), q R. robusta (holotype), r R. auctor (holotype), s R. naias (paratype), t R. bactriana (R. bactriana lindti paratype), u R. genistae (R. genistae viridifrons lectotype), v R. gilva (lectotype), w Tenthredo virescens (lectotype), x T. olivacea (R. viridis var. montana lectotype)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245774/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="376">Figs 4np</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="135141856D20FF81FEE300C333032DD1" box="[285,338,1236,1261]" captionStart="FIGURE 5. a f" captionStartId="23.[151,249,1637,1659]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,253,1568]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,253,1571]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 5. a f: serrulae from the middle of the saw, with marked angle of cypsella— a b Rhogogaster scalaris, c R. viridis, d R. polaris, e R. magniserrula, f R. magniserrula (worn). g n: lancet (in h and k also lance) with details of serrulae— g, i, k R. polaris, h R. punctulata, j, l R. scalaris, m R. viridis, n R. magniserrula." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245775/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="376">5e, f</figureCitation>
, n, 6p, 7aq)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3700E8B6D20FF81FF69010B30222F69" pageId="7" pageNumber="376" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BD55D006D20FF81FF69010B36D62C64" blockId="7.[151,1437,1308,2017]" pageId="7" pageNumber="376">
<emphasis id="B91E81126D20FF81FF69010B33D62C09" bold="true" box="[151,391,1308,1333]" pageId="7" pageNumber="376">Material examined.</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="54D1E3A26D20FF81FE6A010B33AD2C09" box="[404,508,1308,1333]" pageId="7" pageNumber="376" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
♀ (high resolution figures see http://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.1324048).
<collectingCountry id="F37D1D906D20FF81FF69015732A02C65" box="[151,241,1344,1369]" name="Finland" pageId="7" pageNumber="376">Finland</collectingCountry>
: “
<collectingCountry id="F37D1D906D20FF81FEFB015733012C65" box="[261,336,1344,1369]" name="Finland" pageId="7" pageNumber="376">Suomi</collectingCountry>
PP: Simo
<date id="FFD47BC06D20FF81FE360157306B2C65" box="[456,570,1344,1369]" pageId="7" pageNumber="376" value="1948-12-06">12.6.1948</date>
,
<collectingCountry id="F37D1D906D20FF81FDB80157300C2C64" box="[582,605,1344,1368]" name="Iceland" pageId="7" pageNumber="376">O</collectingCountry>
. Peltonen” (ca.
<geoCoordinate id="EE5E3BC76D20FF81FCF00157312C2C65" box="[782,893,1344,1369]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="376" precision="55" value="65.67">65.670°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE5E3BC76D20FF81FC76015731A72C65" box="[904,1014,1344,1369]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="376" precision="55" value="25.052">25.052°E</geoCoordinate>
), coll.
<collectionCode id="ED7BC5C56D20FF81FBBF015736D22C64" box="[1089,1155,1344,1368]" pageId="7" pageNumber="376">SDEI</collectionCode>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD55D006D20FF81FF39017230222F69" blockId="7.[151,1437,1308,2017]" pageId="7" pageNumber="376">
<typeStatus id="54D1E3A26D20FF81FF39017233692C41" box="[199,312,1381,1405]" pageId="7" pageNumber="376" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<collectingCountry id="F37D1D906D20FF81FEBA017333C82C41" box="[324,409,1380,1405]" name="Finland" pageId="7" pageNumber="376">Finland</collectingCountry>
: 1 ♀ Sipoo, Nevas, 6687:3412, margin of deciduous forest, (ca.
<geoCoordinate id="EE5E3BC76D20FF81FB85017336BB2C41" box="[1147,1258,1380,1405]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="376" precision="55" value="60.285">60.285°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE5E3BC76D20FF81FB09017337332C41" box="[1271,1378,1380,1405]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="376" precision="55" value="25.408">25.408°E</geoCoordinate>
) 14
<date id="FFD47BC06D20FF81FF69019F329D2C9C" box="[151,204,1416,1440]" pageId="7" pageNumber="376" value="1985-07-20">20.7</date>
.1985, A. Albrecht leg., coll. MV; 1 ♀ EnL, Enontekiö, Pallastunturit, Röyninkuru, (Grid2E) 756:337,
<date id="FFD47BC06D20FF81FF6901BB33582CF9" box="[151,265,1452,1477]" pageId="7" pageNumber="376" value="1951-07-26">26.7.1951</date>
, J. Kaisila leg. (ca.
<geoCoordinate id="EE5E3BC76D20FF81FE1101BB300F2CF9" box="[495,606,1452,1477]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="376" precision="55" value="68.074">68.074°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE5E3BC76D20FF81FD9501BB30882CF9" box="[619,729,1452,1477]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="376" precision="55" value="24.058">24.058°E</geoCoordinate>
), coll. MV. This specimen was found on snow and the record was published as “
<taxonomicName id="4C6A26836D20FF81FE9701C633802CD5" box="[361,465,1488,1513]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Rhogogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="376" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viridis">
<emphasis id="B91E81126D20FF81FE9701C633802CD5" box="[361,465,1488,1513]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="376">R. viridis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L.”, identified by T. Kontuniemi [
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB20F16D20FF81FCAF01C736432CD4" author="Kaisila" box="[849,1042,1488,1513]" pageId="7" pageNumber="376" refString="Kaisila, J. (1952) Insects from arctic mountain snow. Annales Entomologici Fennici, 18 (1), 8 - 25." type="journal article" year="1952">Kaisila 1952: 19</bibRefCitation>
]. This paper gives a fairly accurate location between Saivokero and Vuontiskero (http://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.1411048).
<collectingCountry id="F37D1D906D20FF81FB4001E337592F31" box="[1214,1288,1524,1549]" name="Russia" pageId="7" pageNumber="376">Russia</collectingCountry>
: 1 ♀ “Kirov: Kirov: Vyatka
<date id="FFD47BC06D20FF81FEBC020F30562F0C" box="[322,519,1560,1585]" pageId="7" pageNumber="376" value="2001-07-15" valueMax="2001-07-23" valueMin="2001-07-15">1523 July 2001</date>
. Sweep-net. Leg. Erik Heibo” (ca.
<geoCoordinate id="EE5E3BC76D20FF81FC5C020F36402F0D" box="[930,1041,1560,1585]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="376" precision="55" value="58.462">58.462°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE5E3BC76D20FF81FBE1020F36DC2F0C" box="[1055,1165,1560,1584]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="376" precision="55" value="49.877">49.877°E</geoCoordinate>
), coll. E. Heibo (http:// dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.1375774).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3700E8B6D20FF81FF39027731882EDD" pageId="7" pageNumber="376" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD55D006D20FF81FF39027731642F45" blockId="7.[151,1437,1308,2017]" box="[199,821,1632,1657]" pageId="7" pageNumber="376">
<emphasis id="B91E81126D20FF81FF39027733082F45" bold="true" box="[199,345,1632,1657]" pageId="7" pageNumber="376">Description.</emphasis>
The species is described in the key below.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD55D006D20FF81FF39029331882EDD" blockId="7.[151,1437,1308,2017]" pageId="7" pageNumber="376">
<emphasis id="B91E81126D20FF81FF39029333142FA1" bold="true" box="[199,325,1668,1693]" pageId="7" pageNumber="376">Variability</emphasis>
. The
<typeStatus id="54D1E3A26D20FF81FE77029333BA2FA1" box="[393,491,1668,1693]" pageId="7" pageNumber="376" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and the
<typeStatus id="54D1E3A26D20FF81FDAE029230E02FA1" box="[592,689,1669,1693]" pageId="7" pageNumber="376" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
from Sipoo are very similar to each other, whereas the specimen from Enontekiö is somewhat paler, but all three are clearly darker than the
<typeStatus id="54D1E3A26D20FF81FC0E02BE36002FFD" box="[1008,1105,1705,1729]" pageId="7" pageNumber="376" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
from
<collectingCountry id="F37D1D906D20FF81FB6602BF36B62FFD" box="[1176,1255,1704,1729]" name="Russia" pageId="7" pageNumber="376">Russia</collectingCountry>
. The saw of the latter specimen is strongly worn (
<figureCitation id="135141856D20FF81FDCE02DB30D72FD9" box="[560,646,1740,1765]" captionStart="FIGURE 5. a f" captionStartId="23.[151,249,1637,1659]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,253,1568]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,253,1571]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 5. a f: serrulae from the middle of the saw, with marked angle of cypsella— a b Rhogogaster scalaris, c R. viridis, d R. polaris, e R. magniserrula, f R. magniserrula (worn). g n: lancet (in h and k also lance) with details of serrulae— g, i, k R. polaris, h R. punctulata, j, l R. scalaris, m R. viridis, n R. magniserrula." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245775/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="376">Fig. 5f</figureCitation>
). Nevertheless, there is little doubt that these four specimens are conspecific. The specimen from
<collectingCountry id="F37D1D906D20FF81FDF402E730042E35" box="[522,597,1776,1801]" name="Russia" pageId="7" pageNumber="376">Russia</collectingCountry>
has a much paler abdomen: all terga apically largely green, and the black patches only cover about half of the length of the terga (
<figureCitation id="135141856D20FF81FCE40303310E2E10" box="[794,863,1812,1837]" captionStart="FIGURE 7. a m" captionStartId="25.[151,249,1871,1893]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,245,1848]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[151,1436,245,1850]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 7. a m: Rhogogaster magniserrula (holotype) — a dorsal view, b c head and thorax dorsal view, d head and thorax laterally, e lance and lancet, f serrulae from the middle of the saw, g claw of hind leg, h hind tarsus, i 1 st 3 rd plantar lobe, j face, k mesoscutellum and appendage in dorsolateral view, l labels, m antenna. n r: R. magniserrula (paratype from Kirov) — n dorsal view, o head and thorax dorsolateral view p face oblique, q head dorsally, r labels." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245777/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="376">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
n). In contrast, the Finnish specimens have mainly black terga with narrow green apical margins (terga 23 medially almost completely black,
<figureCitation id="135141856D20FF81FB5D032F36A52E6C" box="[1187,1268,1848,1873]" captionStart="FIGURE 7. a m" captionStartId="25.[151,249,1871,1893]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,245,1848]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[151,1436,245,1850]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 7. a m: Rhogogaster magniserrula (holotype) — a dorsal view, b c head and thorax dorsal view, d head and thorax laterally, e lance and lancet, f serrulae from the middle of the saw, g claw of hind leg, h hind tarsus, i 1 st 3 rd plantar lobe, j face, k mesoscutellum and appendage in dorsolateral view, l labels, m antenna. n r: R. magniserrula (paratype from Kirov) — n dorsal view, o head and thorax dorsolateral view p face oblique, q head dorsally, r labels." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245777/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="376">Fig. 7a</figureCitation>
). Furthermore, in the Russian specimen the black color on and beside the postocellar area, and on the occiput is clearly reduced (
<figureCitation id="135141856D20FF81FF61039732B22EA4" box="[159,227,1920,1945]" captionStart="FIGURE 7. a m" captionStartId="25.[151,249,1871,1893]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,245,1848]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[151,1436,245,1850]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 7. a m: Rhogogaster magniserrula (holotype) — a dorsal view, b c head and thorax dorsal view, d head and thorax laterally, e lance and lancet, f serrulae from the middle of the saw, g claw of hind leg, h hind tarsus, i 1 st 3 rd plantar lobe, j face, k mesoscutellum and appendage in dorsolateral view, l labels, m antenna. n r: R. magniserrula (paratype from Kirov) — n dorsal view, o head and thorax dorsolateral view p face oblique, q head dorsally, r labels." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245777/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="376">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
q). In addition, in the specimen from Kirov, the black line between the mesoscutellum and its appendage is missing (
<figureCitation id="135141856D20FF81FF0303B333112E80" box="[253,320,1956,1981]" captionStart="FIGURE 7. a m" captionStartId="25.[151,249,1871,1893]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,245,1848]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[151,1436,245,1850]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 7. a m: Rhogogaster magniserrula (holotype) — a dorsal view, b c head and thorax dorsal view, d head and thorax laterally, e lance and lancet, f serrulae from the middle of the saw, g claw of hind leg, h hind tarsus, i 1 st 3 rd plantar lobe, j face, k mesoscutellum and appendage in dorsolateral view, l labels, m antenna. n r: R. magniserrula (paratype from Kirov) — n dorsal view, o head and thorax dorsolateral view p face oblique, q head dorsally, r labels." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245777/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="376">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
o), the mesopleural groove is not marked with black, and the femora of the front and middle legs are not continuously black-lined posteriorly as in the specimens from
<collectingCountry id="F37D1D906D20FF81FC8203DF31842EDD" box="[892,981,1992,2017]" name="Finland" pageId="7" pageNumber="376">Finland</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3700E8B6D2FFF8EFF39048031FD2A28" pageId="8" pageNumber="377" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BD55D006D2FFF8EFF390480319B28C9" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,968]" pageId="8" pageNumber="377">
<emphasis id="B91E81126D2FFF8EFF390480331D298C" bold="true" box="[199,332,151,176]" pageId="8" pageNumber="377">Discussion.</emphasis>
The species belongs in the group of
<taxonomicName id="4C6A26836D2FFF8EFD19048E311C298C" box="[743,845,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Rhogogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="377" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viridis">
<emphasis id="B91E81126D2FFF8EFD19048E311C298C" box="[743,845,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="377">R. viridis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C6A26836D2FFF8EFCA3048031F5298C" box="[861,932,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Rhogogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="377" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viridis">
<emphasis id="B91E81126D2FFF8EFCA3048031F5298C" box="[861,932,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="377">viridis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6A26836D2FFF8EFC4D04803653298C" box="[947,1026,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Rhogogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="377" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="polaris">
<emphasis id="B91E81126D2FFF8EFC4D04803653298C" box="[947,1026,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="377">polaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B91E81126D2FFF8EFBEE048036BF298C" box="[1040,1262,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="377">
<taxonomicName id="4C6A26836D2FFF8EFBEE04803639298C" box="[1040,1128,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Rhogogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="377" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sibirica">sibirica</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6A26836D2FFF8EFB8D048036BF298C" box="[1139,1262,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Rhogogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="377" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" sensu="lato" species="californica">californica</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22D3C696D2FFF8EFB0B04803747298C" box="[1269,1302,151,176]" pageId="8" pageNumber="377" sensu="lato">s.l.</taxonomicNameLabel>
). The angle of the incision behind the postcalcar (cypsella) is less than 45°, as usual in the group (
<figureCitation id="135141856D2FFF8EFBA204AB369D29E9" box="[1116,1228,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 5. a f" captionStartId="23.[151,249,1637,1659]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,253,1568]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,253,1571]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 5. a f: serrulae from the middle of the saw, with marked angle of cypsella— a b Rhogogaster scalaris, c R. viridis, d R. polaris, e R. magniserrula, f R. magniserrula (worn). g n: lancet (in h and k also lance) with details of serrulae— g, i, k R. polaris, h R. punctulata, j, l R. scalaris, m R. viridis, n R. magniserrula." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245775/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="377">Figs 5e, f</figureCitation>
). Furthermore, the densely sculptured appendage of the mesoscutellum and the shape of the frontal field agree with the usual character states in this group (
<figureCitation id="135141856D2FFF8EFE7D0513338B2821" box="[387,474,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 7. a m" captionStartId="25.[151,249,1871,1893]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,245,1848]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[151,1436,245,1850]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 7. a m: Rhogogaster magniserrula (holotype) — a dorsal view, b c head and thorax dorsal view, d head and thorax laterally, e lance and lancet, f serrulae from the middle of the saw, g claw of hind leg, h hind tarsus, i 1 st 3 rd plantar lobe, j face, k mesoscutellum and appendage in dorsolateral view, l labels, m antenna. n r: R. magniserrula (paratype from Kirov) — n dorsal view, o head and thorax dorsolateral view p face oblique, q head dorsally, r labels." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245777/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="377">Fig. 7k</figureCitation>
). The most distinctive external character of the species is the pale coloration of the head. The frontal ridges are not black in the lower part as in
<taxonomicName id="4C6A26836D2FFF8EFCBC053031D8287C" box="[834,905,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Rhogogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="377" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viridis">
<emphasis id="B91E81126D2FFF8EFCBC053031D8287C" box="[834,905,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="377">viridis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6A26836D2FFF8EFC3C05303640287C" box="[962,1041,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Rhogogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="377" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="polaris">
<emphasis id="B91E81126D2FFF8EFC3C05303640287C" box="[962,1041,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="377">polaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but green, in the
<typeStatus id="54D1E3A26D2FFF8EFB2105303710287C" box="[1247,1345,295,320]" pageId="8" pageNumber="377" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
with an indistinct small dark pit in the lower part. A similar ‘ω’-like black marking is to be found in European
<taxonomicName id="4C6A26836D2FFF8EFAF3055B37CD2859" box="[1293,1436,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Rhogogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="377" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91E81126D2FFF8EFAF3055B37CD2859" box="[1293,1436,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="377">Rhogogaster</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
only in
<taxonomicName id="4C6A26836D2FFF8EFF12056633D528B4" box="[236,388,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Tenthredo" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="377" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctulata">
<emphasis id="B91E81126D2FFF8EFF12056633D528B4" box="[236,388,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="377">R. punctulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but in this species the postocellar area is almost completely green, and the abdomen is much paler. Exceptionally (
<specimenCount id="9D6C96896D2FFF8EFE79058333FB2890" box="[391,426,404,428]" pageId="8" pageNumber="377" type="generic">1♂</specimenCount>
1♀ of 340 examined specimens), very pale specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C6A26836D2FFF8EFBCF058236852891" box="[1073,1236,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Rhogogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="377" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chlorosoma">
<emphasis id="B91E81126D2FFF8EFBCF058236852891" box="[1073,1236,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="377">R. chlorosoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with similar head coloration occur. This form is dorsally much paler than
<taxonomicName id="4C6A26836D2FFF8EFCF905A031CF28EC" box="[775,926,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Rhogogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="377" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magniserrula">
<emphasis id="B91E81126D2FFF8EFCF905A031CF28EC" box="[775,926,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="377">magniserrula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the occiput is nearly completely pale (http:// dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.1394863), and the genitalia are different.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD55D006D2FFF8EFF39061736A82B5C" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,968]" pageId="8" pageNumber="377">
In the eastern Palearctic
<taxonomicName id="4C6A26836D2FFF8EFE25061630012B24" box="[475,592,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Rhogogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="377" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sibirica">
<emphasis id="B91E81126D2FFF8EFE25061630012B24" box="[475,592,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="377">R. sibirica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see below) the color of the head is even much paler than in
<taxonomicName id="4C6A26836D2FFF8EFB0005E837C42B24" box="[1278,1429,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Rhogogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="377" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magniserrula">
<emphasis id="B91E81126D2FFF8EFB0005E837C42B24" box="[1278,1429,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="377">magniserrula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and upper thorax and abdomen are nearly completely pale. Thus the amount of black on the head in the
<taxonomicName id="4C6A26836D2FFF8EFAAA063337CD2B01" box="[1364,1436,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Rhogogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="377" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viridis">
<emphasis id="B91E81126D2FFF8EFAAA063337CD2B01" box="[1364,1436,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="377">viridis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group decreases in the order
<taxonomicName id="4C6A26836D2FFF8EFE27065030702B5C" box="[473,545,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Rhogogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="377" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viridis">
<emphasis id="B91E81126D2FFF8EFE27065030702B5C" box="[473,545,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="377">viridis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="135141856D2FFF8EFDCE065030CD2B5C" box="[560,668,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURE 4. a x" captionStartId="22.[151,249,1633,1655]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,271,1561]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[151,1436,271,1561]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 4. a x: head in dorsal view— a Rhogogaster punctulata, b R. chlorosoma, c R. chlorosoma (paratype), d R. scalaris (R. chlorosoma podkumokensis lectotype), e R. scalaris, f R. scalaris, g R. scalaris (R. carpatica lectotype), h R. scalaris, i R. viridis, j R. viridis (R. dryas paratype), k R. viridis, l R. polaris, m R. sibirica (lectotype), n R. magniserrula (holotype), o R. magniserrula (paratype from Russia), p R. magniserrula (holotype, oblique view), q R. robusta (holotype), r R. auctor (holotype), s R. naias (paratype), t R. bactriana (R. bactriana lindti paratype), u R. genistae (R. genistae viridifrons lectotype), v R. gilva (lectotype), w Tenthredo virescens (lectotype), x T. olivacea (R. viridis var. montana lectotype)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245774/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="377">
Figs
<date id="FFD47BC06D2FFF8EFD970650302C2B5C" box="[617,637,583,608]" pageId="8" pageNumber="377">4i</date>
k
</figureCitation>
)
<emphasis id="B91E81126D2FFF8EFD55065E315E2B5C" box="[683,783,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="377">
<taxonomicName id="4C6A26836D2FFF8EFD3E0650315E2B5C" box="[704,783,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Rhogogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="377" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="polaris">polaris</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
(4l)
<emphasis id="B91E81126D2FFF8EFCBB065E31A02B5C" box="[837,1009,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="377">
<taxonomicName id="4C6A26836D2FFF8EFCA4065031A02B5C" box="[858,1009,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Rhogogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="377" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magniserrula">magniserrula</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
(4np)
<emphasis id="B91E81126D2FFF8EFBB4065E36E52B5C" box="[1098,1204,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="377">
<taxonomicName id="4C6A26836D2FFF8EFBA1065036E52B5C" box="[1119,1204,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Rhogogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="377" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sibirica">sibirica</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
(
<quantity id="4C92F0E56D2FFF8EFB3A065F36BD2B5C" box="[1220,1260,584,608]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="377" unit="m" value="4.0">4m</quantity>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD55D006D2FFF8EFF39067B30812BF1" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,968]" pageId="8" pageNumber="377">
The species is the most rarely collected European
<taxonomicName id="4C6A26836D2FFF8EFCCD067B31912BB9" box="[819,960,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Rhogogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="377" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91E81126D2FFF8EFCCD067B31912BB9" box="[819,960,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="377">Rhogogaster</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. We cannot exclude, that undiscovered specimens of the species are mixed in larger collections under “
<taxonomicName id="4C6A26836D2FFF8EFC8F069831E92B94" box="[881,952,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Rhogogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="377" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viridis">
<emphasis id="B91E81126D2FFF8EFC8F069831E92B94" box="[881,952,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="377">viridis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” in a broader sense. The coloration of the head should make it rather easy to recognize them.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD55D006D2FFF8EFF3906CF31FD2A28" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,968]" pageId="8" pageNumber="377">
Even though the male remains unknown, it seems not unlikely that it is similar to the female, and the general shape of its penis valves resembles that of
<taxonomicName id="4C6A26836D2FFF8EFD8A06EB30ED2A29" box="[628,700,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Rhogogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="377" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viridis">
<emphasis id="B91E81126D2FFF8EFD8A06EB30ED2A29" box="[628,700,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="377">viridis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6A26836D2FFF8EFD3406EB31482A29" box="[714,793,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Rhogogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="377" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="polaris">
<emphasis id="B91E81126D2FFF8EFD3406EB31482A29" box="[714,793,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="377">polaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6A26836D2FFF8EFCB106EB31F52A29" box="[847,932,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Rhogogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="377" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sibirica">
<emphasis id="B91E81126D2FFF8EFCB106EB31F52A29" box="[847,932,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="377">sibirica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3700E8B6D2FFF8EFF390708331E2A99" pageId="8" pageNumber="377" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BD55D006D2FFF8EFF390708331E2A99" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,968]" pageId="8" pageNumber="377">
<emphasis id="B91E81126D2FFF8EFF39070833082A04" bold="true" box="[199,345,799,824]" pageId="8" pageNumber="377">Distribution</emphasis>
.
<figureCitation id="135141856D2FFF8EFE94070833FE2A04" box="[362,431,799,824]" captionStart="FIGURE 6. a j" captionStartId="24.[151,249,1467,1489]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,265,1398]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[151,1436,265,1401]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 6. a j: penis valves— a b Rhogogaster scalaris, c R. chlorosoma, d R. auctor (holotype), e R. punctulata, f R. polaris, g R. sibirica (paralectotype), h R. viridis, i R. naias (paratype). j n: drawings of penis valves by Benson (1943, 1952, 1965) and Ross (1943) — j R. scalaris (as R. viridis), k R. chlorosoma, l R. punctulata, m R. californica, n R. viridis (as R. dryas). o: variability of penis valves in R. polaris (all from Sweden, Abisko area). p: records of R. magniserrula (displayed with Map data, © Basarsoft, Google)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245776/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="377">
Fig.
<specimenCount id="9D6C96896D2FFF8EFE5E070833FE2A04" box="[416,431,799,824]" pageId="8" pageNumber="377" type="generic">6</specimenCount>
</figureCitation>
p. The
<typeStatus id="54D1E3A26D2FFF8EFDFC0737306C2A04" box="[514,573,800,824]" pageId="8" pageNumber="377">types</typeStatus>
were all collected in the boreal coniferous forest zone of NE Europe. The three records from
<collectingCountry id="F37D1D906D2FFF8EFE8D075333982A61" box="[371,457,836,861]" name="Finland" pageId="8" pageNumber="377">Finland</collectingCountry>
cover nearly the entire north-south extent of this country. Therefore, the species is at least to be expected in northern
<collectingCountry id="F37D1D906D2FFF8EFDE7077030242ABC" box="[537,629,871,896]" name="Sweden" pageId="8" pageNumber="377">Sweden</collectingCountry>
. The record from Kirov also suggests a more eastern distribution in northern
<collectingCountry id="F37D1D906D2FFF8EFF02079B331A2A99" box="[252,331,908,933]" name="Russia" pageId="8" pageNumber="377">Russia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3700E8B6D2FFF8EFF3907B837082AFB" box="[199,1369,943,968]" pageId="8" pageNumber="377" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BD55D006D2FFF8EFF3907B837082AFB" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,968]" box="[199,1369,943,968]" pageId="8" pageNumber="377">
<emphasis id="B91E81126D2FFF8EFF3907B833172AF4" bold="true" box="[199,326,943,968]" pageId="8" pageNumber="377">Etymology</emphasis>
. The name
<taxonomicName id="4C6A26836D2FFF8EFE3407B830302AF4" box="[458,609,943,968]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Rhogogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="377" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magniserrula">
<emphasis id="B91E81126D2FFF8EFE3407B830302AF4" box="[458,609,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="377">magniserrula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
refers to the large serrulae of the saw and is to be treated as a noun.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>