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<document id="2A26401C45E37AC09FC72960BF323431" ID-CLB-Dataset="4625" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.5328257" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ec95a0c6-adc6-4c16-ac54-1a4fb16a0102" ID-ISSN="0374-1036" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5328257" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630158330024" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Papáček, Miroslav &amp; Zettel, Herbert" docDate="2011" docId="F74CBC70FFA72F3E9DD3FC35FC2EF03D" docLanguage="en" docName="ActaEntMusNatPra.2011.51.2.397-406.pdf" docOrigin="Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 51 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:E9BE312A6EDF9B84FC5211AAA80D80BF.10:ActaEntMusNatPra.2005-2016.journal_article" docStyleId="E9BE312A6EDF9B84FC5211AAA80D80BF" docStyleName="ActaEntMusNatPra.2005-2016.journal_article" docStyleVersion="10" docTitle="Mixotrephes (Pictotrephes) Papáček &amp; Zettel 2011, subgen. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="402" masterDocId="0B75C408FFA62F3B9C18FFC3FFAFF22F" masterDocTitle="A new subgenus and species of Mixotrephes (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Helotrephidae) from Laos and notes on Mixotrephes punctatus" masterLastPageNumber="406" masterPageNumber="397" pageNumber="398" updateTime="1699179891805" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="4D2AAAC08B57026146C93D696D4A4C93">A new subgenus and species of Mixotrephes (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Helotrephidae) from Laos and notes on Mixotrephes punctatus</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C80F40543D3EE2AC370D0E094C6BC88D">Papáček, Miroslav</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="A865176DCF19A3124063E8AC12B0AECF">University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Education, Jeronýmova 10, CZ- 371 15 České Budĕjovice, Czech Republic; e-mail: papacek @ pf. jcu. cz</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="158A8C2E234057AB058FF4EE294268BE">Zettel, Herbert</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="50F08478674F43F7CA6CEBDFB61A1D6C">Natural History Museum Vienna, International Research Institute of Entomology, Burgring 7, 1010 Vienna, Austria; e-mail: herbert. zettel @ nhm-wien. ac. at</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection id="37FF5EEDFFA72F3A9DD3FC35FD48F620" box="[459,743,1014,1039]" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="7F5A0D66FFA72F3A9DD3FC35FD48F620" blockId="1.[459,743,1014,1039]" box="[459,743,1014,1039]" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">
<heading id="2412BA0AFFA72F3A9DD3FC35FD48F620" bold="true" box="[459,743,1014,1039]" centered="true" fontSize="8" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" reason="3">
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA72F3A9DD3FC35FD48F620" bold="true" box="[459,743,1014,1039]" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">
<taxonomicName id="B8E576E5FFA72F3A9DD3FC35FDFCF620" ID-CoL="8P3XQ" authority="Papáček &amp; Zettel, 2011" authorityName="Papáček &amp; Zettel" authorityYear="2011" box="[459,595,1014,1039]" class="Insecta" family="Helotrephidae" genus="Mixotrephes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" status="subgen. nov." subGenus="Pictotrephes">
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA72F3A9DD3FC35FDFCF620" bold="true" box="[459,595,1014,1039]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">Pictotrephes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56A26C0FFFA72F3A9E42FC34FD48F620" box="[602,743,1015,1039]" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" rank="subGenus">subgen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="37FF5EEDFFA72F3A9C69FBE5FC7DF611" box="[113,978,1061,1086]" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="7F5A0D66FFA72F3A9C69FBE5FC7DF611" blockId="1.[113,978,1061,1086]" box="[113,978,1061,1086]" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA72F3A9C69FBE5FEAAF612" bold="true" box="[113,261,1061,1086]" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">
<typeStatus id="A05EB3C4FFA72F3A9C69FBE5FF06F611" box="[113,169,1062,1086]" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">Type</typeStatus>
species.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B8E576E5FFA72F3A9D14FBE4FDDAF611" ID-CoL="7VVTR" authority="Papáček &amp; Zettel, 2011" authorityName="Papáček &amp; Zettel" authorityYear="2011" box="[268,629,1062,1086]" class="Insecta" family="Helotrephidae" genus="Mixotrephes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pictus" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Pictotrephes">
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA72F3A9D14FBE4FE3FF611" box="[268,400,1063,1086]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">Mixotrephes</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA72F3A9DB8FBE4FD89F611" box="[416,550,1063,1086]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">Pictotrephes</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA72F3A9E2DFBE4FDDAF611" box="[565,629,1063,1086]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">pictus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56A26C0FFFA72F3A9E63FBE5FD7FF612" box="[635,720,1062,1085]" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, by present designation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="37FF5EEDFFA72F3A9C69FB97FDB6F762" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="7F5A0D66FFA72F3A9C69FB97FDB6F762" blockId="1.[113,1089,1108,1581]" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA72F3A9C69FB97FF49F643" bold="true" box="[113,230,1108,1132]" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Body shape, lateral cephalonotal carina, size of cephalonotum, length of rostrum, general shape of right paramere, and structures of first valvulae of ovipositor as typical for the genus
<taxonomicName id="B8E576E5FFA72F3A9CC3FB55FEF0F682" authorityName="Papacek, Stys &amp; Tonner" authorityYear="1989" box="[219,351,1174,1197]" class="Insecta" family="Helotrephidae" genus="Mixotrephes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA72F3A9CC3FB55FEF0F682" box="[219,351,1174,1197]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">Mixotrephes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Ground colour chiefly blackish; with some yellow marks (
<figureCitation id="E7DE11E3FFA72F3A9FD6FB56FB9BF682" box="[974,1076,1173,1197]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[151,190,1506,1525]" captionTargetBox="[151,1126,219,1439]" captionTargetId="figure-10@2.[151,1126,219,1440]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 16. Mixotrephes (Pictotrephes) pictus sp. nov. 13 holotype (male), 46 paratype (female). 1, 4 frontal; 2, 5 dorsal; 3, 6 lateral view. In Fig. 6, base of hemielytron not in normal position, covering posterolateral corner of cephalonotum. © NHMW Hemiptera Image Collection." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5328261" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5328261/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">Figs. 16</figureCitation>
). Cephalonotum (posteriorly) and mesoscutellum coarsely sculptured with minute tubercles (in addition to punctures). Mesoscutellum wide, with conspicuously convex sides (
<figureCitation id="E7DE11E3FFA72F3A9FE9FB16FB9BF6C2" box="[1009,1076,1237,1261]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="6.[151,191,1402,1421]" captionTargetBox="[151,1126,219,1359]" captionTargetId="figure-10@6.[151,1126,219,1374]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs.916. Structural characters of Mixotrephes (Pictotrephes) pictus sp. nov. (9, 1116) and Mixotrephes hoberlandti Papáček, Štys &amp; Tonner, 1989 (10). 9, 10 outlines of cephalonotum and mesoscutellum from dorsal view (except M. (P.) pictus sp. nov., all other known Mixotrephes species have the same basic shape of mesoscutellum as M. hoberlandti); 11 phallosoma; 12 left paramere; 13 right paramere; 14 male abdominal sternum 8; 15 female subgenital plate; 16 first right valvula from ventral view. Scale bars: A = 1.0 mm (Figs. 9, 10), B = 0.2 mm (Figs. 14, 15), B = 0.1 mm (Figs. 1113, 16)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5328267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5328267/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
). Midventral abdominal carinae on sterna 26. Process of pygophore low and round. Aedeagus simple, unmodified, evenly tapered towards round apex. Subgenital plate of female unmodified, broad, posteriorly widely rounded.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="37FF5EEDFFA72F3E9C69FA96FC2EF03D" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="402" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="7F5A0D66FFA72F3A9C69FA96FF0EF782" blockId="1.[113,1089,1108,1581]" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA72F3A9C69FA96FF5DF742" bold="true" box="[113,242,1365,1389]" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">Etymology.</emphasis>
Compound from
<taxonomicName id="B8E576E5FFA72F3A9DA3FA95FE54F742" authorityName="Papáček &amp; Zettel" authorityYear="2011" box="[443,507,1366,1389]" class="Insecta" family="Helotrephidae" genus="Mixotrephes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pictus">
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA72F3A9DA3FA95FE54F742" box="[443,507,1366,1389]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">pictus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, referring to the
<typeStatus id="A05EB3C4FFA72F3A9EA2FA96FD47F742" box="[698,744,1365,1389]" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">type</typeStatus>
species, and
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA72F3A9F98FA95FC61F742" box="[896,974,1366,1389]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">trephes</emphasis>
, meaning inhabitant, the most frequent ending of generic epithets in
<taxonomicName id="B8E576E5FFA72F3A9EE8FAB6FC24F7A2" authorityName="Esaki &amp; China" authorityYear="1927" box="[752,907,1397,1421]" class="Insecta" family="Helotrephidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Helotrephidae</taxonomicName>
. Gender: masculine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F5A0D66FFA72F3F9C69FA77FC71F77E" blockId="1.[113,1089,1108,1581]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1127,953,1585]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="401" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA72F3A9C69FA77FDAAF7E3" bold="true" box="[113,517,1460,1485]" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">Comparative notes and discussion.</emphasis>
The new subgenus is erected for the single species
<taxonomicName id="B8E576E5FFA72F3A9C69FA15FEAFF7C2" authority="Papáček &amp; Zettel, 2011" authorityName="Papáček &amp; Zettel" authorityYear="2011" box="[113,256,1493,1517]" class="Insecta" family="Helotrephidae" genus="Mixotrephes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pictus" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Pictotrephes">
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA72F3A9C69FA15FF20F7C2" box="[113,143,1494,1517]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">M.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA72F3A9C85FA15FF1DF7C2" box="[157,178,1494,1517]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">P.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA72F3A9CD8FA15FEAFF7C2" box="[192,256,1494,1517]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">pictus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56A26C0FFFA72F3A9D1DFA16FEF8F7C3" box="[261,343,1493,1516]" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<taxonomicName id="B8E576E5FFA72F3A9D44FA15FD88F7C2" authorityName="Papáček &amp; Zettel" authorityYear="2011" box="[348,551,1494,1517]" class="Insecta" family="Helotrephidae" genus="Mixotrephes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pictus">
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA72F3A9D44FA15FD88F7C2" box="[348,551,1494,1517]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">Mixotrephes pictus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
does not fit well in any generic taxon of
<taxonomicName id="B8E576E5FFA72F3A9FCDFA16FF04F422" authorityName="J. Polhemus" authorityYear="1990" class="Insecta" family="Helotrephidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Limnotrephini">Limnotrephini</taxonomicName>
. Its provisional placement in
<taxonomicName id="B8E576E5FFA72F3A9DF1FA35FDC2F422" authorityName="Papacek, Stys &amp; Tonner" authorityYear="1989" box="[489,621,1526,1549]" class="Insecta" family="Helotrephidae" genus="Mixotrephes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA72F3A9DF1FA35FDC2F422" box="[489,621,1526,1549]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">Mixotrephes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is based on overall similarities, such as the body shape, coloration, median length of cephalonotum not exceeding half the length of the body, lateral cephalonotal carina arrow-wise penetrating onto the ocular area, lateral pronotal plate without insinuation at the meeting point with genal plate, triangular propleural plate with acuminate apex, short labium reaching between fore coxae,
<typeStatus id="A05EB3C4FFA22F3F9F7DFC3AFC3CF63E" box="[869,915,1017,1041]" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">type</typeStatus>
of pygophore with spur-like process in males, and shape of the 1
<superScript id="8890A02EFFA22F3F9E6AFBD4FDD3F609" attach="left" box="[626,636,1047,1062]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">st</superScript>
valvulae in females. But it cannot be placed in any of the subgenera,
<taxonomicName id="B8E576E5FFA22F3F9D67FBF9FDACF67E" authorityName="Papacek, Stys &amp; Tonner" authorityYear="1989" box="[383,515,1082,1105]" class="Insecta" family="Helotrephidae" genus="Mixotrephes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="401" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA22F3F9D67FBF9FDACF67E" box="[383,515,1082,1105]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">Mixotrephes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56A26C0FFFA22F3F9E12FBFAFDEEF67F" box="[522,577,1081,1104]" pageId="4" pageNumber="401" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<taxonomicName id="B8E576E5FFA22F3F9E6BFBF9FCBCF67E" authorityName="Papacek &amp; Zettel" authorityYear="2006" box="[627,787,1082,1105]" class="Insecta" family="Helotrephidae" genus="Mixotrephes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Thermotrephes">
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA22F3F9E6BFBF9FCBCF67E" box="[627,787,1082,1105]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">Thermotrephes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, because of differences in some characters diagnostic for them (see
<tableCitation id="326738DDFFA22F3F9E0CFB9AFDF9F65E" box="[532,598,1113,1137]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="4.[151,198,219,238]" captionText="Table 1. Comparison of selected characters and distribution of Mixotrephes subgenera." pageId="4" pageNumber="401">Tab. 1</tableCitation>
). A study of
<taxonomicName id="B8E576E5FFA22F3F9EFBFB9AFCD2F65E" authorityName="J. Polhemus" authorityYear="1990" box="[739,893,1113,1137]" class="Insecta" family="Helotrephidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Limnotrephini">Limnotrephini</taxonomicName>
phylogeny is still not available. However, by comparison of several characters,
<taxonomicName id="B8E576E5FFA22F3F9F19FBB9FC28F6BE" authority="Papáček &amp; Zettel, 2011" authorityName="Papáček &amp; Zettel" authorityYear="2011" box="[769,903,1146,1169]" class="Insecta" family="Helotrephidae" genus="Mixotrephes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="404" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" status="subgen. nov." subGenus="Pictotrephes">
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA22F3F9F19FBB9FC28F6BE" box="[769,903,1146,1169]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">Pictotrephes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
seems to take a very basal position in
<taxonomicName id="B8E576E5FFA22F3F9D56FB59FE7DF69E" authorityName="Papacek, Stys &amp; Tonner" authorityYear="1989" box="[334,466,1178,1201]" class="Insecta" family="Helotrephidae" genus="Mixotrephes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="401" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA22F3F9D56FB59FE7DF69E" box="[334,466,1178,1201]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">Mixotrephes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, if not in the entire tribe
<taxonomicName id="B8E576E5FFA22F3F9EF8FB5AFCD5F69E" authorityName="J. Polhemus" authorityYear="1990" box="[736,890,1177,1201]" class="Insecta" family="Helotrephidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="401" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Limnotrephini">Limnotrephini</taxonomicName>
(see also below). The supposedly plesiomorphic characters of
<taxonomicName id="B8E576E5FFA22F3F9E52FB79FD7FF6FE" authority="Papáček &amp; Zettel, 2011" authorityName="Papáček &amp; Zettel" authorityYear="2011" box="[586,720,1210,1233]" class="Insecta" family="Helotrephidae" genus="Mixotrephes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="404" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" status="subgen. nov." subGenus="Pictotrephes">
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA22F3F9E52FB79FD7FF6FE" box="[586,720,1210,1233]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">Pictotrephes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, that support its basal position, at the same time distinguish it from one or both congeneric subgenera: weakly modified midsternal thoracic carina; simple aedeagus (phallosoma) without apical modification; simple, almost unmodified subgenital plate of the female; and first valvulae of ovipositor with dense cluster of apical bristles (compare
<figureCitation id="E7DE11E3FFA22F3F9DA1FAFAFE51F77E" box="[441,510,1337,1361]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="6.[151,191,1402,1421]" captionTargetBox="[151,1126,219,1359]" captionTargetId="figure-10@6.[151,1126,219,1374]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs.916. Structural characters of Mixotrephes (Pictotrephes) pictus sp. nov. (9, 1116) and Mixotrephes hoberlandti Papáček, Štys &amp; Tonner, 1989 (10). 9, 10 outlines of cephalonotum and mesoscutellum from dorsal view (except M. (P.) pictus sp. nov., all other known Mixotrephes species have the same basic shape of mesoscutellum as M. hoberlandti); 11 phallosoma; 12 left paramere; 13 right paramere; 14 male abdominal sternum 8; 15 female subgenital plate; 16 first right valvula from ventral view. Scale bars: A = 1.0 mm (Figs. 9, 10), B = 0.2 mm (Figs. 14, 15), B = 0.1 mm (Figs. 1113, 16)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5328267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5328267/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">Fig.16</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="E7DE11E3FFA22F3F9E2AFAFAFDDFF77E" box="[562,624,1337,1361]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="3.[753,792,219,238]" captionTargetBox="[113,1089,219,1585]" captionTargetId="figure-16@3.[113,732,216,1030]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs. 78. Type locality of Mixotrephes (Pictotrephes) pictus sp. nov., Laos, Champasak Prov., Bolaven Plateau, Tad Yueang waterfall. 7 general view on the Tad Yueang waterfall; 8 micro- habitat of the species shallow puddles on rocky bank in the spray zone of a waterfall. Photographs by Jiří Hájek." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5328263" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5328263/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">
Fig.
<quantity id="B81DA083FFA22F3F9E7BFAFAFDDFF77E" box="[611,624,1337,1361]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.032" pageId="4" pageNumber="401" unit="in" value="8.0">8</quantity>
</figureCitation>
in
<bibRefCitation id="1B747097FFA22F3F9E8BFAFAFC75F77E" author="PAPACEK M. &amp; ZETTEL H." box="[659,986,1337,1361]" pageId="4" pageNumber="401" pagination="87 - 91" refId="ref3958" refString="PAPACEK M. &amp; ZETTEL H. 2008: Mixotrephes (Thermotrephes) punctatus sp. n. (Insecta: Heteroptera: Helotrephidae) from India. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien 109 B (2007): 87 - 91." type="journal article" year="2008">
<subScript id="E3610F23FFA22F3F9E8BFAFAFD43F760" attach="right" box="[659,748,1337,1360]" fontSize="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">PAPÁČEK</subScript>
&amp; ZETTEL (2008: 89))
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="2B9A5DEEFFA42F399C8FFA21FD23F405" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5328261" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5328261" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5328261/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="399" startId="2.[151,190,1506,1525]" targetBox="[151,1126,219,1439]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="7F5A0D66FFA42F399C8FFA21FD23F405" blockId="2.[151,1127,1506,1578]" pageId="2" pageNumber="399">
Figs. 16.
<taxonomicName id="B8E576E5FFA42F399CE8FA20FDBFF7DA" authority="Papáček &amp; Zettel, 2011" authorityName="Papáček &amp; Zettel" authorityYear="2011" box="[240,528,1506,1525]" class="Insecta" family="Helotrephidae" genus="Mixotrephes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="399" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pictus" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Pictotrephes">
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA42F399CE8FA20FEF5F7DA" box="[240,346,1507,1525]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="399">Mixotrephes</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA42F399D7EFA20FE7EF7DA" box="[358,465,1507,1525]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="399">Pictotrephes</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA42F399DC5FA20FDBFF7DA" box="[477,528,1507,1525]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="399">pictus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56A26C0FFFA42F399E0CFA21FDF8F7DA" box="[532,599,1506,1525]" pageId="2" pageNumber="399" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
13 holotype (male), 46 paratype (female). 1, 4 frontal; 2, 5 dorsal; 3, 6 lateral view. In Fig. 6, base of hemielytron not in normal position, covering posterolateral corner of cephalonotum. © NHMW
<taxonomicName id="B8E576E5FFA42F399D8AF9D4FD88F405" authority="Image" authorityName="Image" box="[402,551,1559,1578]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="399" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hemiptera Image</taxonomicName>
Collection.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="2B9A5DEEFFA52F389EE9FF18FB94F386" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5328263" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5328263" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5328263/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="400" startId="3.[753,792,219,238]" targetBox="[113,1089,219,1585]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="7F5A0D66FFA52F389EE9FF18FB94F386" blockId="3.[753,1089,219,426]" pageId="3" pageNumber="400">
Figs. 78. Type locality of
<taxonomicName id="B8E576E5FFA52F389FCFFF1FFC1FF326" authority="Papáček &amp; Zettel, 2011" authorityName="Papáček &amp; Zettel" authorityYear="2011" class="Insecta" family="Helotrephidae" genus="Mixotrephes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="400" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pictus" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Pictotrephes">
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA52F389FCFFF1FFBEEF2C1" box="[983,1089,220,238]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="400">Mixotrephes</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA52F389EE0FF34FCC6F326" box="[760,873,247,265]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="400">Pictotrephes</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA52F389F62FF34FC1FF326" box="[890,944,247,265]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="400">pictus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56A26C0FFFA52F389FA1FF34FBABF325" box="[953,1028,247,266]" pageId="3" pageNumber="400" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, Laos, Champasak Prov., Bolaven Plateau, Tad Yueang waterfall. 7 general view on the Tad Yueang waterfall; 8 microhabitat of the species shallow puddles on rocky bank in the spray zone of a waterfall. Photographs by Jiří Hájek.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="2B9A5DEEFFA22F3F9C8FFF18FCD4F2C1" box="[151,891,219,239]" pageId="4" pageNumber="401" startId="4.[151,198,219,238]">
<paragraph id="7F5A0D66FFA22F3F9C8FFF18FCD4F2C1" blockId="4.[151,891,219,239]" box="[151,891,219,239]" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">
Table 1. Comparison of selected characters and distribution of
<taxonomicName id="B8E576E5FFA22F3F9EB6FF1FFCB7F2C1" authorityName="Papacek, Stys &amp; Tonner" authorityYear="1989" box="[686,792,220,238]" class="Insecta" family="Helotrephidae" genus="Mixotrephes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="401" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA22F3F9EB6FF1FFCB7F2C1" box="[686,792,220,238]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">Mixotrephes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
subgenera.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="7F5A0D66FFA22F3F9C87FECFFD50F143" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">
<table id="0DE5FFC6FFA2D0C49C87FECFFBF9F142" box="[159,1110,268,877]" gridcols="4" gridrows="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">
<tr id="C1D50F24FFA2D0C49C87FECFFBF9F30F" box="[159,1110,268,288]" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">
<th id="82046658FFA2D0C49C87FECFFE2BF30F" box="[159,388,268,288]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA22F3F9C87FECFFEC2F30F" bold="true" box="[159,365,268,288]" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">Characters / Subgenus</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="82046658FFA2D0C49D8EFECFFDDDF30F" box="[406,626,268,288]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA22F3F9D8EFECFFD9BF30F" bold="true" box="[406,564,268,288]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">
<taxonomicName id="B8E576E5FFA22F3F9D8EFECFFDABF30F" authorityName="Papacek, Stys &amp; Tonner" authorityYear="1989" box="[406,516,268,288]" class="Insecta" family="Helotrephidae" genus="Mixotrephes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="401" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">Mixotrephes</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56A26C0FFFA22F3F9E12FECEFD9BF30F" box="[522,564,269,288]" pageId="4" pageNumber="401" sensu="stricto">s.str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="82046658FFA2D0C49E90FECFFCC8F30F" box="[648,871,268,288]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">
<taxonomicName id="B8E576E5FFA22F3F9E90FECFFCA1F30F" authorityName="Papacek &amp; Zettel" authorityYear="2006" box="[648,782,268,288]" class="Insecta" family="Helotrephidae" genus="Mixotrephes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Thermotrephes">
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA22F3F9E90FECFFCA1F30F" bold="true" box="[648,782,268,288]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">Thermotrephes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="82046658FFA2D0C49F62FECFFBF9F30F" box="[890,1110,268,288]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">
<taxonomicName id="B8E576E5FFA22F3F9F62FECFFC48F30F" authority="Papáček &amp; Zettel, 2011" authorityName="Papáček &amp; Zettel" authorityYear="2011" box="[890,999,268,288]" class="Insecta" family="Helotrephidae" genus="Mixotrephes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="404" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" status="subgen. nov." subGenus="Pictotrephes">
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA22F3F9F62FECFFC48F30F" bold="true" box="[890,999,268,288]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">Pictotrephes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="C1D50F24FFA2D0C49C87FEEAFBF9F311" box="[159,1110,297,318]" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">
<th id="82046658FFA2D0C49C87FEEAFE2BF311" box="[159,388,297,318]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA22F3F9C87FEEAFEDEF312" bold="true" box="[159,369,297,317]" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">Sides of mesoscutellum</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="82046658FFA2D0C49D8EFEEAFDDDF311" box="[406,626,297,318]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">moderately convex</td>
<td id="82046658FFA2D0C49E90FEEAFCC8F311" box="[648,871,297,318]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">moderately convex</td>
<td id="82046658FFA2D0C49F62FEEAFBF9F311" box="[890,1110,297,318]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">strongly convex</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C1D50F24FFA2D0C49C87FE8BFBF9F373" box="[159,1110,328,348]" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">
<th id="82046658FFA2D0C49C87FE8BFE2BF373" box="[159,388,328,348]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA22F3F9C87FE8BFED7F373" bold="true" box="[159,376,328,348]" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">Sculpture of cephalono-</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="82046658FFA2D0C49D8EFE8BFDDDF373" box="[406,626,328,348]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">fine</td>
<td id="82046658FFA2D0C49E90FE8BFCC8F373" box="[648,871,328,348]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">fine</td>
<td id="82046658FFA2D0C49F62FE8BFBF9F373" box="[890,1110,328,348]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">coarse</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C1D50F24FFA2D0C49C87FEA0FBF9F359" box="[159,1110,355,374]" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">
<th id="82046658FFA2D0C49C87FEA0FBF9F359" box="[159,1110,355,374]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA22F3F9C87FEA0FED9F359" bold="true" box="[159,374,355,374]" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">tum and mesoscutellum</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="C1D50F24FFA2D0C49C87FE43FBF9F3BB" box="[159,1110,384,404]" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">
<th id="82046658FFA2D0C49C87FE43FE2BF3BB" box="[159,388,384,404]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA22F3F9C87FE42FED5F3BB" bold="true" box="[159,378,384,404]" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">Ventral abdominal cari-</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="82046658FFA2D0C49D8EFE43FDDDF3BB" box="[406,626,384,404]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">24</td>
<td id="82046658FFA2D0C49E90FE43FCC8F3BB" box="[648,871,384,404]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">24(5)</td>
<td id="82046658FFA2D0C49F62FE43FBF9F3BB" box="[890,1110,384,404]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">26</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C1D50F24FFA2D0C49C87FE59FBF9F381" box="[159,1110,410,430]" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="401" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1">
<th id="82046658FFA2D0C49C87FE59FE2BF381" box="[159,388,410,430]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA22F3F9C87FE58FE82F381" bold="true" box="[159,301,410,430]" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">nae on sternites</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="C1D50F24FFA2D0C49C87FE7BFBF9F3E2" box="[159,1110,440,461]" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">
<th id="82046658FFA2D0C49C87FE7BFE2BF3E2" box="[159,388,440,461]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA22F3F9C87FE7BFE2BF3E3" bold="true" box="[159,388,440,460]" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">Spur-like process of male</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="82046658FFA2D0C49D8EFE7BFDDDF3E2" box="[406,626,440,461]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">well developed, apically</td>
<td id="82046658FFA2D0C49E90FE7BFCC8F3E2" box="[648,871,440,461]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">reduced, apically broad or</td>
<td id="82046658FFA2D0C49F62FE7BFBF9F3E2" box="[890,1110,440,461]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">weak</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C1D50F24FFA2D0C49C87FE17FBF9F3C8" box="[159,1110,468,487]" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="401" rowspan-3="1">
<th id="82046658FFA2D0C49C87FE17FE2BF3C8" box="[159,388,468,487]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA22F3F9C87FE17FEAFF3C8" bold="true" box="[159,256,468,487]" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">pygophore</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="82046658FFA2D0C49D8EFE17FDDDF3C8" box="[406,626,468,487]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">broad</td>
<td id="82046658FFA2D0C49E90FE17FCC8F3C8" box="[648,871,468,487]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">tapered</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C1D50F24FFA2D0C49C87FE31FBF9F02A" box="[159,1110,498,517]" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">
<th id="82046658FFA2D0C49C87FE31FE2BF02A" box="[159,388,498,517]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA22F3F9C87FE31FEA7F02A" bold="true" box="[159,264,498,517]" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">Phallosoma</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="82046658FFA2D0C49D8EFE31FDDDF02A" box="[406,626,498,517]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">long, broadly C-shaped</td>
<td id="82046658FFA2D0C49E90FE31FCC8F02A" box="[648,871,498,517]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">short, uvula-like</td>
<td id="82046658FFA2D0C49F62FE31FBF9F02A" box="[890,1110,498,517]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">short, pin-shaped</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C1D50F24FFA2D0C49C87FDCCFBF9F00C" box="[159,1110,527,547]" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">
<th id="82046658FFA2D0C49C87FDCCFE2BF00C" box="[159,388,527,547]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA22F3F9C87FDCCFEFCF00D" bold="true" box="[159,339,527,547]" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">Apex of phallosoma</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="82046658FFA2D0C49D8EFDCCFDDDF00C" box="[406,626,527,547]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">anteriorly projecting into</td>
<td id="82046658FFA2D0C49E90FDCCFCC8F00C" box="[648,871,527,547]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">upright, club-shaped</td>
<td id="82046658FFA2D0C49F62FDCCFBF9F00C" box="[890,1110,527,547]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">unmodified, round</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C1D50F24FFA2D0C49C87FDE9FBF9F012" box="[159,1110,554,573]" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">
<th id="82046658FFA2D0C49C87FDE9FBF9F012" box="[159,1110,554,573]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">beak-shaped tip</th>
</tr>
<tr id="C1D50F24FFA2D0C49C87FD84FBF9F073" box="[159,1110,583,604]" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">
<th id="82046658FFA2D0C49C87FD84FE2BF073" box="[159,388,583,604]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA22F3F9C87FD84FECAF074" bold="true" box="[159,357,583,603]" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">Apex of left paramere</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="82046658FFA2D0C49D8EFD84FDDDF073" box="[406,626,583,604]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">tip-shaped or bulbous</td>
<td id="82046658FFA2D0C49E90FD84FCC8F073" box="[648,871,583,604]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">tip-shaped or broadly</td>
<td id="82046658FFA2D0C49F62FD84FBF9F073" box="[890,1110,583,604]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">hook-shaped, hirsute</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C1D50F24FFA2D0C49C87FDA0FBF9F059" box="[159,1110,611,630]" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="401" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-3="1">
<td id="82046658FFA2D0C49E90FDA0FCC8F059" box="[648,871,611,630]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">round</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C1D50F24FFA2D0C49C87FD43FBF9F0BB" box="[159,1110,640,660]" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">
<th id="82046658FFA2D0C49C87FD43FE2BF0BB" box="[159,388,640,660]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA22F3F9C87FD42FED9F0BB" bold="true" box="[159,374,640,660]" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">Female subgenital plate</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="82046658FFA2D0C49D8EFD43FDDDF0BB" box="[406,626,640,660]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">symmetrical to asym-</td>
<td id="82046658FFA2D0C49E90FD43FCC8F0BB" box="[648,871,640,660]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">symmetrical to subsym-</td>
<td id="82046658FFA2D0C49F62FD43FBF9F0BB" box="[890,1110,640,660]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">short, round, unmodified,</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C1D50F24FFA2D0C49C87FD58FBF9F081" box="[159,1110,667,686]" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="401" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="82046658FFA2D0C49D8EFD58FDDDF081" box="[406,626,667,686]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">metrical, with narrowed</td>
<td id="82046658FFA2D0C49E90FD58FCC8F081" box="[648,871,667,686]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">metrical, with narrowed</td>
<td id="82046658FFA2D0C49F62FD58FBF9F081" box="[890,1110,667,686]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">without darkly pigmented</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C1D50F24FFA2D0C49C87FD75FBF9F0E5" box="[159,1110,694,714]" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="401" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="82046658FFA2D0C49D8EFD75FDDDF0E5" box="[406,626,694,714]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">long posterior lobe, and</td>
<td id="82046658FFA2D0C49E90FD75FCC8F0E5" box="[648,871,694,714]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">long to short postero-</td>
<td id="82046658FFA2D0C49F62FD75FBF9F0E5" box="[890,1110,694,714]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">area</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C1D50F24FFA2D0C49C87FD12FBF9F0CB" box="[159,1110,721,740]" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="401" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-3="1">
<td id="82046658FFA2D0C49D8EFD12FDDDF0CB" box="[406,626,721,740]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">distinct or less visible</td>
<td id="82046658FFA2D0C49E90FD12FCC8F0CB" box="[648,871,721,740]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">medial lobe and darkly</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C1D50F24FFA2D0C49C87FD28FBF9F0D0" box="[159,1110,747,767]" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="401" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-3="1">
<td id="82046658FFA2D0C49D8EFD28FDDDF0D0" box="[406,626,747,767]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">darkly pigmented area</td>
<td id="82046658FFA2D0C49E90FD28FCC8F0D0" box="[648,871,747,767]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">pigmented area forming</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C1D50F24FFA2D0C49C87FCC5FBF9F135" box="[159,1110,774,794]" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="401" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-3="1">
<td id="82046658FFA2D0C49D8EFCC5FDDDF135" box="[406,626,774,794]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">forming one caudomedial</td>
<td id="82046658FFA2D0C49E90FCC5FCC8F135" box="[648,871,774,794]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">two caudomesal lobes or</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C1D50F24FFA2D0C49C87FCE2FBF9F11B" box="[159,1110,801,820]" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="401" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-3="1">
<td id="82046658FFA2D0C49D8EFCE2FDDDF11B" box="[406,626,801,820]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">lobe</td>
<td id="82046658FFA2D0C49E90FCE2FCC8F11B" box="[648,871,801,820]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">one caudomedial lobe</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C1D50F24FFA2D0C49C87FCFDFBF9F17D" box="[159,1110,830,850]" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">
<th id="82046658FFA2D0C49C87FCFDFE2BF17D" box="[159,388,830,850]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA22F3F9C87FCFDFEA1F17D" bold="true" box="[159,270,830,850]" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">Distribution</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="82046658FFA2D0C49D8EFCFDFDDDF17D" box="[406,626,830,850]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">Afghanistan, Iran,</td>
<td id="82046658FFA2D0C49E90FCFDFCC8F17D" box="[648,871,830,850]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">NE India, Nepal, Myan-</td>
<td id="82046658FFA2D0C49F62FCFDFBF9F17D" box="[890,1110,830,850]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">Laos</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C1D50F24FFA2D0C49C87FC9AFBF9F142" box="[159,1110,857,877]" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="401" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-3="1">
<td id="82046658FFA2D0C49D8EFC9AFDDDF142" box="[406,626,857,877]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">N India, Nepal</td>
<td id="82046658FFA2D0C49E90FC9AFCC8F142" box="[648,871,857,877]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">mar, Thailand</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F5A0D66FFA22F3E9CADFA9AFCC3F33D" blockId="4.[151,1127,953,1585]" lastBlockId="5.[113,1089,218,530]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="402" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">
Two plesiomorphic characters of
<taxonomicName id="B8E576E5FFA22F3F9E09FA99FD39F75E" authority="Papáček &amp; Zettel, 2011" authorityName="Papáček &amp; Zettel" authorityYear="2011" box="[529,662,1370,1393]" class="Insecta" family="Helotrephidae" genus="Mixotrephes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="404" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" status="subgen. nov." subGenus="Pictotrephes">
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA22F3F9E09FA99FD39F75E" box="[529,662,1370,1393]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">Pictotrephes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are worth to be discussed: (i) Medial carinae of abdominal sterna, formed by separated lamellae with posteroventral tips, are located on sterna
<quantity id="B81DA083FFA22F3F9CC2FA5AFEB5F79E" box="[218,282,1433,1457]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" metricValueMax="1.524" metricValueMin="0.508" pageId="4" pageNumber="401" unit="in" value="4.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="2.0">26 in</quantity>
both sexes (but only minute in male). Extension to sternum 6 is a synplesiomorphy with
<taxonomicName id="B8E576E5FFA22F3F9CD6FA7AFE3DF7FE" authority="(Pleoidea)" baseAuthorityName="Pleoidea" box="[206,402,1465,1489]" class="Insecta" family="Pleidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="401" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pleidae (Pleoidea)</taxonomicName>
(see also discussion on this character by
<bibRefCitation id="1B747097FFA22F3F9F4AFA7AFF1BF7DE" author="PAPACEK M. &amp; ZETTEL H." pageId="4" pageNumber="401" pagination="23 - 30" refId="ref3916" refString="PAPACEK M. &amp; ZETTEL H. 2006: A new subgenus and new species of the genus Mixotrephes Papacek, Stys &amp; Tonner, 1989 (Heteroptera: Helotrephidae: Limnotrephini). Aquatic Insects 28: 23 - 30." type="journal article" year="2006">
<subScript id="E3610F23FFA22F3F9F4AFA7AFC03F7E0" attach="right" box="[850,940,1465,1488]" fontSize="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">PAPÁČEK</subScript>
&amp; ZETTEL (2006: 29
</bibRefCitation>
, 30)). However, the simple reduction of carinae on sterna 5 and 6 (in varying extent) is probably not a synapomorphy of all other
<taxonomicName id="B8E576E5FFA22F3F9E54FA3AFD49F43E" authorityName="J. Polhemus" authorityYear="1990" box="[588,742,1529,1553]" class="Insecta" family="Helotrephidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Limnotrephini">Limnotrephini</taxonomicName>
genera (see similar convergencies in Helotrephini). (ii) The process on the males pygophore (= spur-like process in other
<taxonomicName id="B8E576E5FFA22F3E9829F9DAFF4FF2DD" authorityName="J. Polhemus" authorityYear="1990" class="Insecta" family="Helotrephidae" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="402" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Limnotrephini">Limnotrephini</taxonomicName>
) is weakly developed as compared to other genera (see also discussion in
<bibRefCitation id="1B747097FFA32F3E9FFFFF19FE8DF33D" author="PAPACEK M. &amp; STYS P. &amp; TONNER M." pageId="5" pageNumber="402" pagination="107 - 122" refId="ref3838" refString="PAPACEK M., STYS P. &amp; TONNER M. 1989: A new genus and species of Helotrephidae from Afghanistan and Iran (Heteroptera, Nepomorpha). Vestnik Ceskoslovenske Spolecnosti Zoologicke 53: 107 - 122." type="journal article" year="1989">PAPÁČEK et al. (1989: 120</bibRefCitation>
, 121)). Also here, we can see only gradual differences.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F5A0D66FFA32F3E9C88FED9FEF0F3BD" blockId="5.[113,1089,218,530]" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">
A few characteristics of
<taxonomicName id="B8E576E5FFA32F3E9D8FFED8FDB2F31D" authority="Papáček &amp; Zettel, 2011" authorityName="Papáček &amp; Zettel" authorityYear="2011" box="[407,541,283,306]" class="Insecta" family="Helotrephidae" genus="Mixotrephes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" status="subgen. nov." subGenus="Pictotrephes">
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA32F3E9D8FFED8FDB2F31D" box="[407,541,283,306]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">Pictotrephes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56A26C0FFFA32F3E9E3DFED9FD02F31E" box="[549,685,282,306]" pageId="5" pageNumber="402" rank="subGenus">subgen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
are unique within
<taxonomicName id="B8E576E5FFA32F3E9F60FED9FBBDF31D" authorityName="J. Polhemus" authorityYear="1990" box="[888,1042,282,306]" class="Insecta" family="Helotrephidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Limnotrephini">Limnotrephini</taxonomicName>
and appear strongly derived: The relatively wide and convex mesoscutellum (compare
<figureCitation id="E7DE11E3FFA32F3E9FD7FEF9FF23F35D" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="6.[151,191,1402,1421]" captionTargetBox="[151,1126,219,1359]" captionTargetId="figure-10@6.[151,1126,219,1374]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs.916. Structural characters of Mixotrephes (Pictotrephes) pictus sp. nov. (9, 1116) and Mixotrephes hoberlandti Papáček, Štys &amp; Tonner, 1989 (10). 9, 10 outlines of cephalonotum and mesoscutellum from dorsal view (except M. (P.) pictus sp. nov., all other known Mixotrephes species have the same basic shape of mesoscutellum as M. hoberlandti); 11 phallosoma; 12 left paramere; 13 right paramere; 14 male abdominal sternum 8; 15 female subgenital plate; 16 first right valvula from ventral view. Scale bars: A = 1.0 mm (Figs. 9, 10), B = 0.2 mm (Figs. 14, 15), B = 0.1 mm (Figs. 1113, 16)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5328267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5328267/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">Figs. 9 and 10</figureCitation>
) and the tuberculate sculpture of cephalonotum and mesoscutellum. Both are considered to be autapomorphies.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F5A0D66FFA32F3E9C88FE59FC2EF03D" blockId="5.[113,1089,218,530]" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">
Accumulation of plesiomorphic characters of
<taxonomicName id="B8E576E5FFA32F3E9E7CFE58FD48F39D" authority="Papáček &amp; Zettel, 2011" authorityName="Papáček &amp; Zettel" authorityYear="2011" box="[612,743,411,434]" class="Insecta" family="Helotrephidae" genus="Mixotrephes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" status="subgen. nov." subGenus="Pictotrephes">
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA32F3E9E7CFE58FD48F39D" box="[612,743,411,434]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">Pictotrephes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56A26C0FFFA32F3E9EF3FE59FCC2F39E" box="[747,877,410,434]" pageId="5" pageNumber="402" rank="subGenus">subgen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
showing its possible basal position in the whole genus or in the tribe
<taxonomicName id="B8E576E5FFA32F3E9E43FE79FD5BF3FD" authorityName="J. Polhemus" authorityYear="1990" box="[603,756,442,466]" class="Insecta" family="Helotrephidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Limnotrephini">Limnotrephini</taxonomicName>
respectively, and its provisional placing in
<taxonomicName id="B8E576E5FFA32F3E9CFBFE18FEC8F3DD" authorityName="Papacek, Stys &amp; Tonner" authorityYear="1989" box="[227,359,475,498]" class="Insecta" family="Helotrephidae" genus="Mixotrephes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA32F3E9CFBFE18FEC8F3DD" box="[227,359,475,498]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">Mixotrephes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on overall similarities (cluster or combination of characters respectively), can suggest that present genus
<taxonomicName id="B8E576E5FFA32F3E9E4AFE38FD79F03D" authorityName="Papacek, Stys &amp; Tonner" authorityYear="1989" box="[594,726,507,530]" class="Insecta" family="Helotrephidae" genus="Mixotrephes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4D91D174FFA32F3E9E4AFE38FD79F03D" box="[594,726,507,530]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">Mixotrephes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is paraphyletic.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>