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<mods:title id="2325895AEDDA3BC8BBAB49FEB29D7503">The Volhynian (late Middle Miocene) marine fishes and mammals as proxies for the onset of the Eastern Paratethys re-colonisation by vertebrate fauna</mods:title>
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<treatment id="D25E87D1FFF6C310F496973CA249FA4E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11192993" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11192993" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D25E87D1FFF6C310F496973CA249FA4E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D25E87D1FFF6C310F496973CA249FA4E" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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Subfamily
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Phocinae indet. 1
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<paragraph id="5A4836C7FFF6C31FF37997FCA4B9FA5F" blockId="7.[932,1348,1267,1452]" box="[1091,1189,1427,1452]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<figureCitation id="C2CC2A42FFF6C31FF37997FCA4B9FA5F" box="[1091,1189,1427,1452]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[196,287,1144,1167]" captionTargetBox="[199,1436,166,1133]" captionTargetId="figure-264@8.[199,1436,166,1133]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. The partial skeleton of a true seal (Phocinae indet. 1) from the Volhynian beds of Kolubaivtsi (Ukraine). Scale bar equals 10 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11192395" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11192395/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figure 4</figureCitation>
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<emphasis id="6883EAD5FFF6C31FF47297D1A442FA24" bold="true" box="[840,1118,1470,1495]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Material and locality.</emphasis>
Vertebrae, ribs, scapula, and forelimb bones; Kolubaivtsi.
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<paragraph id="5A4836C7FFF6C31FF4729792A489F8C4" blockId="7.[840,1441,1470,1911]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="6883EAD5FFF6C31FF4729792A4DFF9E4" bold="true" box="[840,1219,1533,1559]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Specific features of anatomy.</emphasis>
The material was identified as a member of the
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by the presence of an epicondylar foramen in the humerus (
<bibRefCitation id="3E664B36FFF6C31FF4FF9431A4F9F984" author="Dewaele, L. &amp; Lambert, O. &amp; Louwye, S." box="[965,1253,1630,1655]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="171669" refId="ref9757" refString="Dewaele, L., Lambert, O., and Louwye, S. 2018 a. A critical revision of the fossil record, stratigraphy and diversity of the Neogene seal genus Monotherium (Carnivora, Phocidae). Royal Society Open Science, 5 (5): 171669." type="journal article" year="2018">Dewaele et al., 2018a</bibRefCitation>
). Meanwhile, it shares a high trochlear crest of the humerus with Monachinae (
<bibRefCitation id="3E664B36FFF6C31FF4CD94F1A580F944" author="Koretsky, I. A. &amp; Grigorescu, D." box="[1015,1436,1693,1719]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref11005" refString="Koretsky, I. A. and Grigorescu, D. 2002. The fossil monk seal Pontophoca sarmatica (Alekseev) (Mammalia: Phocidae: Monachinae) from the Miocene of Eastern Europe. Smithsonian" type="book" year="2002">Koretsky and Grigorescu, 2002</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="3E664B36FFF6C31FF47294D1A47FF924" author="Dewaele, L. &amp; Peredo, C. M. &amp; Meyvisch, P. &amp; Louwye, S." box="[840,1123,1726,1751]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="172437" refId="ref9810" refString="Dewaele, L., Peredo, C. M., Meyvisch, P., and Louwye, S., 2018 b. Diversity of late Neogene Monachinae (Carnivora, Phocidae) from the North Atlantic, with the description of two new species. Royal Society Open Science, 5 (3): 172437. doi: 10.1098 / rsos. 172437" type="journal article" year="2018">Dewaele et al., 2018b</bibRefCitation>
). It is characterised by a smooth distal termination of the long deltopectoral crest reaching the condyle, and a relatively straight posterior margin of the ulna.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5A4836C7FFF6C310F4729552A249FA4E" blockId="7.[840,1441,1470,1911]" lastBlockId="8.[192,793,1252,1469]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="6883EAD5FFF6C31FF4729552A3F6F8A4" bold="true" box="[840,1002,1853,1879]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Comparison.</emphasis>
The specimen has a body size comparable to phocine seals found in later (Bessarabian) deposits of the Eastern Paratethys. It is larger than
<taxonomicName id="9DF74D44FFF9C310F63A976BA1E3FAEE" baseAuthorityName="Eichwald" baseAuthorityYear="1850" box="[256,511,1284,1309]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Monachopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pontica">
<emphasis id="6883EAD5FFF9C310F63A976BA1E3FAEE" box="[256,511,1284,1309]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Monachopsis pontica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and similar in size to
<taxonomicName id="9DF74D44FFF9C310F7FA974BA2A0FACE" authority="(Koretsky, 2001)" baseAuthorityName="Koretsky" baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[192,700,1316,1342]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Cryptophoca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maeotica">
<emphasis id="6883EAD5FFF9C310F7FA974BA1C0FACE" box="[192,476,1316,1342]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Cryptophoca maeotica</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="3E664B36FFF9C310F6C1974BA2AAFACE" author="Koretsky, I. A." box="[507,694,1316,1341]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refId="ref10910" refString="Koretsky, I. A. 2001. Morphology and Systematics of Miocene Phocinae (Mammalia: Carnivora)" type="book" year="2001">Koretsky, 2001</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. The humerus has a well-defined trochlear crest larger than that in most of other Paratethyan phocines. The deltoid crest is as long as that in
<taxonomicName id="9DF74D44FFF9C310F5FB97EBA24DFA4E" authority="(Koretsky, 2001)" baseAuthorityName="Koretsky" baseAuthorityYear="2001" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Sarmatonectes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sintsovi">
<emphasis id="6883EAD5FFF9C310F5FB97EBA198FA4E" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Sarmatonectes sintsovi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="3E664B36FFF9C310F6A897CBA256FA4E" author="Koretsky, I. A." box="[402,586,1444,1469]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refId="ref10910" refString="Koretsky, I. A. 2001. Morphology and Systematics of Miocene Phocinae (Mammalia: Carnivora)" type="book" year="2001">Koretsky, 2001</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
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