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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.70.96994" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1860-1324-1-143" ID-Pensoft-UUID="C21F222C29BF5095A8D4A296DFDDD0E0" ID-ZooBank="12B52C903F0940939DDF2A89DB92255C" ModsDocID="1860-1324-70-1-143" checkinTime="1679703447475" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Minoshima, Yusuke N., Kamite, Yuuki &amp; Fikacek, Martin" docDate="2023" docId="9E753D8B7C605445A66C5E07E74AB4D1" docLanguage="en" docName="DeutEntomolZeit 70(1): 143-157" docOrigin="Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 70 (1)" docPubDate="2023-03-24" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.70.96994" docTitle="Anacaena torikaii Minoshima &amp; Kamite &amp; Fikáček 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="53816B36-A6B2-4762-BD69-F6A7D5DF3BE9" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="1" id="C21F222C29BF5095A8D4A296DFDDD0E0" lastPageNumber="143" masterDocId="C21F222C29BF5095A8D4A296DFDDD0E0" masterDocTitle="The genus Anacaena Thomson from the Ryukyu Archipelago of Japan (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae)" masterLastPageNumber="157" masterPageNumber="143" pageNumber="143" updateTime="1679703447475" updateUser="pensoft">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>The genus Anacaena Thomson from the Ryukyu Archipelago of Japan (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Minoshima, Yusuke N.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2575-4082</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Natural History Division, Kitakyushu Museum of Natural History and Human History, 2 - 4 - 1 Higashida, Yahatahigashi-ku, Kitakyushu-shi, Fukuoka 805 - 0071, Japan</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">minoshima@kmnh.jp</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Kamite, Yuuki</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5187-8484</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Nagoya City Public Health Research Institute, 4 - 207 Sakurazaka, Moriyama-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi 463 - 8585, Japan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Fikacek, Martin</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2078-6798</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, No. 70 Lien-hai Rd., Kaohsiung City 80424, Taiwan &amp; National Museum, Department of Entomology, Cirkusova 1740, CZ- 19300 Prague 9, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2023-03-24</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>70</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="issue">
<mods:number>1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>143</mods:start>
<mods:end>157</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
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<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.70.96994</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.70.96994</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1860-1324-1-143</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">12B52C903F0940939DDF2A89DB92255C</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">C21F222C29BF5095A8D4A296DFDDD0E0</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<subSection pageId="0" pageNumber="143" type="results">
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:53816B36-A6B2-4762-BD69-F6A7D5DF3BE9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9E753D8B7C605445A66C5E07E74AB4D1" lastPageNumber="143" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="143" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
<taxonomicName LSID="https://zoobank.org/53816B36-A6B2-4762-BD69-F6A7D5DF3BE9" authority="Minoshima &amp; Kamite &amp; Fikáček, 2023" authorityName="Minoshima &amp; Kamite &amp; Fikáček" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Anacaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anacaena torikaii" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="torikaii" status="sp. nov.">Anacaena torikaii</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="143">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="143" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A-C. Anacaena kumejimana, holotype; D-F. A. torikaii, holotype (D, E) and paratype (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.96994.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/829443" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Figs 1D-F</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. A-E. Maxillary palpus; A. Anacaena kumejimana, paratype; B-D. A. okinawana, paratypes; B. from Okinawa-jima I., C, D. from Aka-jima I. (Kerama Is.); E. A. torikaii, holotype; F-I. Mentum; F. A. kumejimana, paratype; G, H. A. okinawana, paratypes; G. from Okinawa-jima I.; H. from Aka-jima I. (Kerama Is.); I. A. torikaii, holotype; J-M. Hind femora, indicating femoral pubescence but borderline of pubescence often not clear at base; J. A. kumejimana, paratype; K, L. A. okinawana, paratypes; K. from Okinawa-jima I.; L. from Aka-jima I. (Kerama I.); M. A. torikaii, holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.96994.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/829445" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">, 3E, I, M</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. A-F. Aedeagus (A-F) and abdominal segment 9 (G), dorsal view. A. Anacaena kumejimana, holotype; B. A. torikaii, holotype; C-G. A. okinawana, holotype (C) and paratypes (D-G); C, D, G. from Okinawa-jima I.; E, F. from Kerama Is. (E. Aka-jima I.; F. Zamami-jima I.)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.96994.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/829446" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">, 4B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Collecting localities of the species of Anacaena on the Ryukyu Archipelago. A-B. Anacaena kumejimana; A. Daruma-yama, Kumejima I., 21 May 2007; B. Nakandakari, Kumejima I., 20 May 2007; C-E. A. okinawana; C. tributary of Benoki Dam, Kunigami-son, Okinawa-jima I., 26 Jul. 2015; D. Aka, Aka-jima I., 15 Mar. 2019; E. Geruma, Geruma-jima I., 15 Mar. 2019, after Kamite et al. (2019); F. A. torikaii; F, Kinsakubaru, Amami-oshima I., 17 Jul. 2006." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.96994.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/829448" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">, 6F</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="143" type="type locality">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
Japan, Kagoshima-ken (Prefecture),
<normalizedToken originalValue="Amami-ôshima">Amami-oshima</normalizedToken>
I., Amami-shi, Naze, Kinsakubaru.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="143" type="type series">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Type series.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Holotype</emphasis>
: Japan • male; &quot;AMAMI JPN&quot; /
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Kinsakubaru”">&quot;Kinsakubaru&quot;</normalizedToken>
/
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Naze”">&quot;Naze&quot;</normalizedToken>
//
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Amami-shi”">&quot;Amami-shi&quot;</normalizedToken>
/ &quot;17. VII. 2006&quot; / &quot;Y. Kamite leg.&quot; // &quot;JAPAN: Amami Is.,&quot; /
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Amamiôshima">&quot;Amamioshima</normalizedToken>
I.,&quot; / &quot;Amami-shi, Naze,&quot; /
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Kinsakubaru;”">&quot;Kinsakubaru;&quot;</normalizedToken>
/ &quot;17.VII.2006; Y. Kamite&quot; //
<normalizedToken originalValue="“spec#”">&quot;spec#&quot;</normalizedToken>
/
<normalizedToken originalValue="“20-66”">&quot;20-66&quot;</normalizedToken>
//
<normalizedToken originalValue="“HOLOTYPE”">&quot;HOLOTYPE&quot;</normalizedToken>
/
<normalizedToken originalValue="“ANACAENA”">&quot;ANACAENA&quot;</normalizedToken>
/
<normalizedToken originalValue="“torikaii”">&quot;torikaii&quot;</normalizedToken>
/ &quot;des YN Minoshima 2021&quot;; KMNH.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Paratypes</emphasis>
: Japan •1 male, 1 female; same collection data as holotype; KMNH, YKC.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="143" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Pronotum dark brown with broad yellowish lateral margin; elytra brown, weakly speckled, slightly paler at base. Antenna with eight antennomeres; antennomere 3 narrow. Maxillary palpus uniformly yellowish. Pronotum with very fine and sparsely distributed ground punctation consisting of uniformly sized punctures. Metafemoral pubescence with horizontal hairline. Median lobe elongate, tapering apically. Gonopore large, situated at apex. Parameres widest in basal third, rounded apically with inner angle. Lateral margin of paramere weakly sinuate in dorsal view. Phallobase as long as paramere, nearly parallel-sided in basal half, then narrowing to short and wide manubrium.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="143" type="differential diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
This species can be distinguished from other Ryukyu species by the slender, ca 3 times longer than wide, median lobe (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. A-F. Aedeagus (A-F) and abdominal segment 9 (G), dorsal view. A. Anacaena kumejimana, holotype; B. A. torikaii, holotype; C-G. A. okinawana, holotype (C) and paratypes (D-G); C, D, G. from Okinawa-jima I.; E, F. from Kerama Is. (E. Aka-jima I.; F. Zamami-jima I.)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.96994.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/829446" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">4B</figureCitation>
). In addition, examined specimens have broader yellowish margins on pronotum (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A-C. Anacaena kumejimana, holotype; D-F. A. torikaii, holotype (D, E) and paratype (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.96994.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/829443" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">1D, F</figureCitation>
) than in dark-coloured specimens of
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. okinawana" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rank="species" species="okinawana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">A. okinawana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Anacaena okinawana, holotype (C, D) and paratypes (A, B, E-H). A-D. From Okinawa-jima I.; E-H. From Kerama Is. (E, F. Aka-jima I., G, H. Zamami-jima I.)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.96994.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/829444" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">2</figureCitation>
); examination of additional specimens is, however, needed to understand the variation of dorsal colouration of
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. torikaii" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rank="species" species="torikaii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">A. torikaii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Minoshima &amp; Kamite &amp; Fikáček" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Anacaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anacaena kumejimana" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kumejimana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Anacaena kumejimana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a yellowish patch on the base of elytra (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A-C. Anacaena kumejimana, holotype; D-F. A. torikaii, holotype (D, E) and paratype (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.96994.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/829443" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">1C</figureCitation>
), whereas the area is only slightly paler in
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. torikaii" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rank="species" species="torikaii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">A. torikaii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A-C. Anacaena kumejimana, holotype; D-F. A. torikaii, holotype (D, E) and paratype (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.96994.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/829443" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">1F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
Outside of the Ryukyus,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Komarek" authorityYear="2012" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Anacaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anacaena jiafenglongi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jiafenglongi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Anacaena jiafenglongi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Komarek, 2012 known from China and
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. hajeki" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rank="species" species="hajeki">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">A. hajeki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Komarek, 2013 from Laos are similar to
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. torikaii" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rank="species" species="torikaii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">A. torikaii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on the morphology of the aedeagus. The maxillary palpomere 4 of
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. jiafenglongi" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rank="species" species="jiafenglongi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">A. jiafenglongi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is stout (fig. 29 in
<bibRefCitation author="Komarek, A" journalOrPublisher="Koleopterologische Rundschau" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" pagination="235 - 284" refId="B29" refString="Komarek, A, 2012. Taxonomic revision of Anacaena Thomson, 1859 IX. The People's Republic of China (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Koleopterologische Rundschau 82: 235 - 284" title="Taxonomic revision of Anacaena Thomson, 1859 IX. The People's Republic of China (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="82" year="2012">Komarek 2012</bibRefCitation>
), whereas it is slender in
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. torikaii" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rank="species" species="torikaii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">A. torikaii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The basal piece is distinctly longer than the parameres of
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. hajeki" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rank="species" species="hajeki">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">A. hajeki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(fig. 5 in
<bibRefCitation author="Komarek, A" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica Basiliensia et Collectionis Frey" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" pagination="137 - 177" refId="B30" refString="Komarek, A, 2013. A revision of Anacaena Thomson, 1859 X. Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Entomologica Basiliensia et Collectionis Frey 34: 137 - 177" title="A revision of Anacaena Thomson, 1859 X. Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)." volume="34" year="2013">Komarek 2013</bibRefCitation>
) and separates the species from
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. torikaii" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rank="species" species="torikaii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">A. torikaii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="143" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Body</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A-C. Anacaena kumejimana, holotype; D-F. A. torikaii, holotype (D, E) and paratype (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.96994.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/829443" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">1F</figureCitation>
) 2.1-2.5 mm in length, oval, slightly attenuated posteriad.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Colour</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A-C. Anacaena kumejimana, holotype; D-F. A. torikaii, holotype (D, E) and paratype (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.96994.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/829443" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">1D-F</figureCitation>
). Head black, lateral part of clypeus yellowish. Pronotum dark brown with broad yellowish margins. Elytra brown, weakly speckled, slightly paler at base. Ventral face dark brown. Maxillary palpus uniformly yellowish.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Head</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Labrum with a fringe of long erect setae. Ground punctures of clypeus and frons fine, densely arranged; interspace between punctures ca. 2-4 times the width of a puncture. Presence of fine setae on clypeus ambiguous (possibly already broken when collected or during preparation). Frontoclypeal sulcus indistinct. Systematic punctures on clypeus and frons slightly larger than ground punctures, each bearing a fine seta. Systematic punctures of clypeus sparsely distributed, especially on anterior part. Systematic punctures of frons on anterolateral and posterolateral parts close to compound eye and frontoclypeal sulcus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
Antenna with eight antennomeres. Scape stout, moderately long. Antennomere 2 stout, somewhat conical, ca. as long as antennomeres 3 and 4 combined; antennomere 3 narrow; antennomere 4 wider than 3; antennal club longer than antennomeres 2-5 combined. Maxillary palpus short (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. A-E. Maxillary palpus; A. Anacaena kumejimana, paratype; B-D. A. okinawana, paratypes; B. from Okinawa-jima I., C, D. from Aka-jima I. (Kerama Is.); E. A. torikaii, holotype; F-I. Mentum; F. A. kumejimana, paratype; G, H. A. okinawana, paratypes; G. from Okinawa-jima I.; H. from Aka-jima I. (Kerama Is.); I. A. torikaii, holotype; J-M. Hind femora, indicating femoral pubescence but borderline of pubescence often not clear at base; J. A. kumejimana, paratype; K, L. A. okinawana, paratypes; K. from Okinawa-jima I.; L. from Aka-jima I. (Kerama I.); M. A. torikaii, holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.96994.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/829445" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">3E</figureCitation>
); palpomere 2 stout, longer than palpomere 3; palpomere 3 short, slightly shorter than palpomere 4; palpomere 4 longest, shorter than palpomeres 2 and 3 combined. Labial palpus short, shorter than width of mentum. Mentum (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. A-E. Maxillary palpus; A. Anacaena kumejimana, paratype; B-D. A. okinawana, paratypes; B. from Okinawa-jima I., C, D. from Aka-jima I. (Kerama Is.); E. A. torikaii, holotype; F-I. Mentum; F. A. kumejimana, paratype; G, H. A. okinawana, paratypes; G. from Okinawa-jima I.; H. from Aka-jima I. (Kerama Is.); I. A. torikaii, holotype; J-M. Hind femora, indicating femoral pubescence but borderline of pubescence often not clear at base; J. A. kumejimana, paratype; K, L. A. okinawana, paratypes; K. from Okinawa-jima I.; L. from Aka-jima I. (Kerama I.); M. A. torikaii, holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.96994.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/829445" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">3I</figureCitation>
) ca. 1.7 times wider than long, subtrapezoidal, rounded anteriorly with median depression, with indistinct lateral angle (this character was observed without dissection of head appendages, thus not very accurate). Ground punctation on mentum fine, rather sparsely distributed. Lateral margin of mentum with fringe of fine setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Thorax</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Pronotum with very fine and sparsely distributed ground punctation consisting of uniformly sized punctures. Systematic punctures on pronotum arranged as irregular transverse row along anterolateral and posterolateral parts. Prosternum weakly and evenly convex.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
Ground punctation on elytra coarser than that of head and pronotum; punctures rather densely distributed; interspaces between punctures ca. 1-3 times the width of a puncture. Mesoventrite with median process pointed apically; process as subtrigonal pyramid with posterior transverse and anterior median longitudinal carinas. Metaventrite with inverted triangular medially elevated portion with small oval glabrous area. Metafemora (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. A-E. Maxillary palpus; A. Anacaena kumejimana, paratype; B-D. A. okinawana, paratypes; B. from Okinawa-jima I., C, D. from Aka-jima I. (Kerama Is.); E. A. torikaii, holotype; F-I. Mentum; F. A. kumejimana, paratype; G, H. A. okinawana, paratypes; G. from Okinawa-jima I.; H. from Aka-jima I. (Kerama Is.); I. A. torikaii, holotype; J-M. Hind femora, indicating femoral pubescence but borderline of pubescence often not clear at base; J. A. kumejimana, paratype; K, L. A. okinawana, paratypes; K. from Okinawa-jima I.; L. from Aka-jima I. (Kerama I.); M. A. torikaii, holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.96994.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/829445" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">3M</figureCitation>
) pubescent in basal part and anterior half excluding apical area with horizontal hairline; hairline indistinct along basal part.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Abdomen</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Aedeagus (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. A-F. Aedeagus (A-F) and abdominal segment 9 (G), dorsal view. A. Anacaena kumejimana, holotype; B. A. torikaii, holotype; C-G. A. okinawana, holotype (C) and paratypes (D-G); C, D, G. from Okinawa-jima I.; E, F. from Kerama Is. (E. Aka-jima I.; F. Zamami-jima I.)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.96994.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/829446" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">4B</figureCitation>
): Median lobe elongate tapering apically, ca. 3 times longer than its greatest width, dully pointed or nearly rounded apically. Basal apophyses narrow, weakly incurved apically. Gonopore large, situated at apex. Parameres widest at basal third, membranous in apical half dorsally, rounded apically with inner angle, attenuated apically at midlength of parameres; apical half of lateral margin and inner margin almost parallel-sided in dorsal view. In dorsal view, lateral margin of paramere weakly sinuated. Phallobase as long as paramere, nearly parallel-sided in basal half, then narrowing to wide and short manubrium; borderline between membrane and sclerite (unpigmented and pigmented area) of ventral face of phallobase very indistinct, incision of anterior margin possibly shallow.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="143" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Amami-ôshima">Amami-oshima</normalizedToken>
I. Only known from the type locality.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="143" type="habitat">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
Aquatic species. Examined specimens were collected in a small stream in a forest (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Collecting localities of the species of Anacaena on the Ryukyu Archipelago. A-B. Anacaena kumejimana; A. Daruma-yama, Kumejima I., 21 May 2007; B. Nakandakari, Kumejima I., 20 May 2007; C-E. A. okinawana; C. tributary of Benoki Dam, Kunigami-son, Okinawa-jima I., 26 Jul. 2015; D. Aka, Aka-jima I., 15 Mar. 2019; E. Geruma, Geruma-jima I., 15 Mar. 2019, after Kamite et al. (2019); F. A. torikaii; F, Kinsakubaru, Amami-oshima I., 17 Jul. 2006." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.96994.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/829448" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">6F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="143" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
Named after Mr. Hisahiro Torikai (Amami-shi), who kindly assisted with Y.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kamite’s">Kamite's</normalizedToken>
field work on
<normalizedToken originalValue="Amami-ôshima">Amami-oshima</normalizedToken>
Island.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="143" type="checklist of the anacaena species of japan">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
Checklist of the
<taxonomicName authorityName="Minoshima &amp; Kamite &amp; Fikáček" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Anacaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anacaena" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Anacaena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species of Japan
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
1.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sato" authorityYear="1982" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Anacaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anacaena asahinai" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asahinai">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Anacaena asahinai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Satô">Sato</normalizedToken>
, 1982
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hokkaidô">Hokkaido</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Honshû">Honshu</normalizedToken>
; Russia
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
2.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Minoshima &amp; Kamite &amp; Fikáček" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Anacaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anacaena kumejimana" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kumejimana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Anacaena kumejimana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. Kumejima Island
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
3.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Minoshima &amp; Kamite &amp; Fikáček" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Anacaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anacaena okinawana" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="okinawana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Anacaena okinawana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. Okinawa Islands (Okinawa-jima Island, Kerama Islands)
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
4.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Minoshima &amp; Kamite &amp; Fikáček" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Anacaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anacaena torikaii" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="torikaii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Anacaena torikaii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Amami-ôshima">Amami-oshima</normalizedToken>
Island
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="143" type="key to the species of anacaena of japan">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
Key to the species of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Minoshima &amp; Kamite &amp; Fikáček" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Anacaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anacaena" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Anacaena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
of Japan
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">The key is based on the selection of most reliable characters only and follows our understanding of the intraspecific variation based on material examined in this study (updates may be needed for coloration characters after additional specimens are collected). Additional quantitative characters may help with the identification, see the differential diagnoses of the respective species.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
<table inLine="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rowspan="1">1</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rowspan="1">
Metafemoral pubescence with horizontal hairline (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. A-E. Maxillary palpus; A. Anacaena kumejimana, paratype; B-D. A. okinawana, paratypes; B. from Okinawa-jima I., C, D. from Aka-jima I. (Kerama Is.); E. A. torikaii, holotype; F-I. Mentum; F. A. kumejimana, paratype; G, H. A. okinawana, paratypes; G. from Okinawa-jima I.; H. from Aka-jima I. (Kerama Is.); I. A. torikaii, holotype; J-M. Hind femora, indicating femoral pubescence but borderline of pubescence often not clear at base; J. A. kumejimana, paratype; K, L. A. okinawana, paratypes; K. from Okinawa-jima I.; L. from Aka-jima I. (Kerama I.); M. A. torikaii, holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.96994.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/829445" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">3J-M</figureCitation>
). Endemic to Ryukyu Archipelago
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rowspan="1">2</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rowspan="1">
Metafemoral pubescence extended with oblique hairline, covering basal two-thirds to three-quarters of femur.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Honshû">Honshu</normalizedToken>
and
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hokkaidô">Hokkaido</normalizedToken>
islands
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. asahinai" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rank="species" species="asahinai">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">A. asahinai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rowspan="1">2</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rowspan="1">
Median lobe of aedeagus slender, ca. 3 times longer than wide, attenuated towards apex with nearly straight lateral margins (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. A-F. Aedeagus (A-F) and abdominal segment 9 (G), dorsal view. A. Anacaena kumejimana, holotype; B. A. torikaii, holotype; C-G. A. okinawana, holotype (C) and paratypes (D-G); C, D, G. from Okinawa-jima I.; E, F. from Kerama Is. (E. Aka-jima I.; F. Zamami-jima I.)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.96994.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/829446" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">4B</figureCitation>
).
<normalizedToken originalValue="Amami-ôshima">Amami-oshima</normalizedToken>
Island
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. torikaii" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rank="species" species="torikaii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">A. torikaii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rowspan="1">
Median lobe of aedeagus wide, ca. 2.2-2.5 times longer than wide, triangular and attenuated towards apex in apical part, nearly parallel-sided in basal part (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. A-F. Aedeagus (A-F) and abdominal segment 9 (G), dorsal view. A. Anacaena kumejimana, holotype; B. A. torikaii, holotype; C-G. A. okinawana, holotype (C) and paratypes (D-G); C, D, G. from Okinawa-jima I.; E, F. from Kerama Is. (E. Aka-jima I.; F. Zamami-jima I.)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.96994.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/829446" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">4A, C-F</figureCitation>
). Okinawa Islands (Okinawa-jima I., Kerama Is., and Kumejima I.)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rowspan="1">3</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rowspan="1">3</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rowspan="1">
Colouration of elytra dark, with yellowish spot anteromesally around scutellar shield (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A-C. Anacaena kumejimana, holotype; D-F. A. torikaii, holotype (D, E) and paratype (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.96994.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/829443" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">1C</figureCitation>
). Lateral face of paramere convex at basal third (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. A-F. Aedeagus (A-F) and abdominal segment 9 (G), dorsal view. A. Anacaena kumejimana, holotype; B. A. torikaii, holotype; C-G. A. okinawana, holotype (C) and paratypes (D-G); C, D, G. from Okinawa-jima I.; E, F. from Kerama Is. (E. Aka-jima I.; F. Zamami-jima I.)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.96994.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/829446" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">4A</figureCitation>
). Kumejima Island
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. kumejimana" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rank="species" species="kumejimana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">A. kumejimana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rowspan="1">
Colouration of elytra variable, yellowish to black but elytra without yellowish spot anteromesally around scutellar shield (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Anacaena okinawana, holotype (C, D) and paratypes (A, B, E-H). A-D. From Okinawa-jima I.; E-H. From Kerama Is. (E, F. Aka-jima I., G, H. Zamami-jima I.)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.96994.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/829444" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">2</figureCitation>
). Lateral face of paramere convex at base (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. A-F. Aedeagus (A-F) and abdominal segment 9 (G), dorsal view. A. Anacaena kumejimana, holotype; B. A. torikaii, holotype; C-G. A. okinawana, holotype (C) and paratypes (D-G); C, D, G. from Okinawa-jima I.; E, F. from Kerama Is. (E. Aka-jima I.; F. Zamami-jima I.)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.96994.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/829446" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">4C-F</figureCitation>
). Okinawa-jima Island and Kerama Islands
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. okinawana" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rank="species" species="okinawana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">A. okinawana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</subSection>
</document>
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