treatments-xml/data/99/95/7F/99957F8C6C9E550BB2217686A1B44CA6.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.86519" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2032-3921-3-417" ID-Pensoft-UUID="BFAA2FE20104537DA7CC6BFBB56F450B" ModsDocID="2032-3921-155-3-417" checkinTime="1669812739558" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Ruiz-Sanchez, Eduardo, Tyrrell, Christopher D., Carrillo-Reyes, Pablo &amp; Nuno-Rubio, A. T." docDate="2022" docId="99957F8C6C9E550BB2217686A1B44CA6" docLanguage="en" docName="PlantEcolEvol 155(3): 417-424" docOrigin="Plant Ecology and Evolution 155 (3)" docPubDate="2022-11-30" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.86519" docTitle="Rhipidocladum singuliflorum Ruiz-Sanchez &amp; C. D. Tyrrell 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="BFAA2FE20104537DA7CC6BFBB56F450B" lastPageNumber="417" masterDocId="BFAA2FE20104537DA7CC6BFBB56F450B" masterDocTitle="A striking new species of Rhipidocladum (Poaceae: Bambusoideae: Bambuseae: Arthrostylidiinae) with single, terminal-spikelet synflorescences, endemic to Jalisco, Mexico" masterLastPageNumber="424" masterPageNumber="417" pageNumber="417" updateTime="1669812739558" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>A striking new species of Rhipidocladum (Poaceae: Bambusoideae: Bambuseae: Arthrostylidiinae) with single, terminal-spikelet synflorescences, endemic to Jalisco, Mexico</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Ruiz-Sanchez, Eduardo</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7981-4490</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Departamento de Botanica y Zoologia, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biologicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">ruizsanchez.eduardo@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Tyrrell, Christopher D.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6019-2153</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Laboratorio Nacional de Identificacion y Caracterizacion Vegetal (LaniVeg), Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biologicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico &amp; Botany Department, Milwaukee Public Museum, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Carrillo-Reyes, Pablo</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9278-0208</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Departamento de Botanica y Zoologia, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biologicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Nuno-Rubio, A. T.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Biological Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Plant Ecology and Evolution</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2022-11-30</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>155</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="issue">
<mods:number>3</mods:number>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>417</mods:start>
<mods:end>424</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.86519</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.86519</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">2032-3921-3-417</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">BFAA2FE20104537DA7CC6BFBB56F450B</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:99957F8C6C9E550BB2217686A1B44CA6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/99957F8C6C9E550BB2217686A1B44CA6" lastPageNumber="417" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="417" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="417">
<taxonomicName LSID="99957F8C-6C9E-550B-B221-7686A1B44CA6" authority="Ruiz-Sanchez &amp; C. D. Tyrrell" authorityName="Ruiz-Sanchez &amp; C. D. Tyrrell" authorityYear="2022" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Rhipidocladum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Rhipidocladum singuliflorum" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="singuliflorum" status="sp. nov.">Rhipidocladum singuliflorum Ruiz-Sanchez &amp; C.D.Tyrrell</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="417">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="417" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="417">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Rhipidocladum singuliflorum. A. Culm segment showing foliage leaves complement and synflorescences. B. Culm segment, showing culm leaf sheath and blade. C. Culm leaf sheath and blade abaxial view. D. Spikelet bearing 2 glumes and 5 florets. E. Glumes. F. Floret, lateral (right) and dorsal (left) views. G. Palea, frontal (right) and lateral (left) views. Drawing by Juvenal Aargon Parada based on E. Ruiz-Sanchez, A. Nuno, A. Zabalgoitia L. A. Monroy y L. Campos 722 (IBUG)." figureDoi="10.5091/plecevo.86519.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775671" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">Figs 2</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Rhipidocladum singuliflorum. A. Panoramic view of the subdeciduous tropical forest glen habitat at the Palo Maria river, culms showing scandent habit. B. Basal clump showing culms habit and culm leaves. C. Cross section and size cut of culm, showing hollow culm with thick wall. D. Synflorescence branches bearing one terminal spikelet. E. Close up of the spikelet showing glumes, lemma, palea and florets. F. Spikelet. Photos by Eduardo Ruiz-Sanchez (A, B, C, E) and Pablo Carrillo-Reyes (D, F)." figureDoi="10.5091/plecevo.86519.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775672" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">, 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Rhipidocladum singuliflorum. A. Caryopsis dorsal view. B. Caryopsis ventral view showing indent near the hilum." figureDoi="10.5091/plecevo.86519.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775673" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">, 4</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="417" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="417">
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="417">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-12-10" collectorName="E. Ruiz-Sanchez, A. T. Nuno, A. Zabalgoitia, L. A. Monroy, L. Campos" country="MEXICO" elevation="6" latitude="20.552433" location="Rio Palo Maria" longLatPrecision="14" longitude="-105.259445" municipality="Puerto Vallarta" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Jalisco" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry name="Mexico">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
- 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">
<collectingRegion country="Mexico" name="Jalisco">Jalisco</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
• 
<collectingMunicipality>Puerto Vallarta</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:99957F8C6C9E550BB2217686A1B44CA6:8AA5B0BCBAD5025CE6EF8D69D36E0CE3" country="MEXICO" latitude="20.552433" longLatPrecision="14" longitude="-105.259445" municipality="Puerto Vallarta" name="Rio Palo Maria" stateProvince="Jalisco">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Palo 
<normalizedToken originalValue="María">Maria</normalizedToken>
</location>
; 
<geoCoordinate degrees="20" direction="north" minutes="33" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="8.76" value="20.552433">
20°33 
<normalizedToken originalValue="’8.76”">'8.76&quot;</normalizedToken>
N
</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="105" direction="west" minutes="15" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="34" value="-105.259445">
105°15 
<normalizedToken originalValue="’34”">'34&quot;</normalizedToken>
W
</geoCoordinate>
; 
<quantity metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" unit="m" value="6.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" unit="m" value="6.0">6 m</elevation>
</quantity>
; 
<collectingDate value="2021-12-10">10 Dec. 2021</collectingDate>
; fl.; 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">
<collectorName>E. Ruiz-Sanchez</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName>
A.T. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Nuño">Nuno</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName>A. Zabalgoitia</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName>L.A. Monroy</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName>L. Campos</collectorName>
722
</emphasis>
; 
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
: IBUG; isotypes: MEXU, ZEA
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="417" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="417">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="417">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ruiz-Sanchez &amp; C. D. Tyrrell" authorityYear="2022" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Rhipidocladum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Rhipidocladum singuliflorum" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="singuliflorum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">Rhipidocladum singuliflorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from 
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. barbinode" pageId="0" pageNumber="417" rank="species" species="barbinode">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">R. barbinode</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. racemiflorum" pageId="0" pageNumber="417" rank="species" species="racemiflorum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">R. racemiflorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having a single terminal spikelet. Meanwhile, 
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. barbinode" pageId="0" pageNumber="417" rank="species" species="barbinode">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">R. barbinode</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a spicate synflorescence with 3-7 spikelets and 
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. racemiflorum" pageId="0" pageNumber="417" rank="species" species="racemiflorum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">R. racemiflorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a raceme synflorescence with 10-13 spikelets. 
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. singuliflorum" pageId="0" pageNumber="417" rank="species" species="singuliflorum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">R. singuliflorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has efimbriate or poorly developed fimbriae on the foliage leaves, meanwhile, 
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. barbinode" pageId="0" pageNumber="417" rank="species" species="barbinode">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">R. barbinode</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. racemiflorum" pageId="0" pageNumber="417" rank="species" species="racemiflorum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">R. racemiflorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
bear fimbriae at the apex of the sheath of the foliage leaves.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="417" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="417">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="417">Culm height 3-10 m. Internodes smooth, uniform in colour, 9-33 cm long, 3-9 mm in diameter, hollow (pithy when young); walls 2-3 mm thick. Culm leaves 17-19 cm long; sheaths (6.5-)7.6-9(-9.9) cm long, abaxially glabrous, adaxially glabrous and shiny; blades erect, 9-10 cm long, abaxially sparsely pubescent at the base, adaxially glabrous, margins entire; fimbriae not seen. Branch complements at mid-culm nodes with (30-)41-87(-120) branchlets; branchlets (8-)13-30(-50) cm long, glabrous or pubescent. Foliage leaves 3-4 observed on flowering branchlets; sheaths 9-22 mm long, abaxially pubescent (occasionally glabrous); mostly efimbriate, when fimbriate 0.2-0.8 mm long, white to stramineous; pseudopetioles 1.0-1.6 mm long, abaxially and adaxially pubescent; blades lanceolate to narrowly ovate with an attenuate apex, 32-75 mm long, 5-7 mm wide, abaxially and adaxially glabrous, without sparse patches of white cilia near the base on the abaxial side. Synflorescences 2.0-3.4 cm long, 0.9-10 mm wide, composed of a single spike, sometimes develop two spikelets, one of them with only two florets; rachis pubescent. Spikelets 2.0-3.4 cm long, comprising 2-4 glumes and (2-)4-5(-20) fertile florets, rachilla joints 3.5-4 mm long, glabrous. Glumes pubescent margins ciliate, awnless, lower glume, 3.2-5.8 mm long, 6-, 9-, 10-nerved, lanceolate; upper glume, 4.8-7.0 mm long, 11-, 13-nerved, lanceolate. Lemmas 8.8-12.0 mm long, 9-, 13-nerved, ovate and inflated, pubescent, apex rounded-obtuse and muticous. Palea 10.0-13.6 mm long, keels and sulcus pubescent, apex rounded-obtuse and muticous. Lodicules 3, abaxially glabrous, hyaline, margin ciliate apex fimbriate, the anterior pair 2.6-3.2 mm long, the posterior one 2.0-2.4 mm long. Anthers 3. Ovary 1.0-1.5 mm long, stigmas 2, plumose. Caryopsis 3.3-3.5 mm long, ellipsoid, pubescent with trichomes near base and apex, indented on hilum side, yellowish-golden.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="417" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="417">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="417">
This species is only known from three localities in the municipality of Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco, Mexico in the Jalisciense-Tuito district of the Sierra Madre del Sur (
<bibRefCitation author="Santiago-Alvarado, M" editor="Luna-Vega, I" journalOrPublisher="Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico" pageId="0" pageNumber="417" pagination="431 - 448" refId="B17" refString="Santiago-Alvarado, M, Montano-Arias, G, Espinosa, D, 2016. Areas de endemismo de la Sierra Madre del Sur. In: Luna-Vega, I, Espinosa, D, Contreras-Medina, R, Eds., Biodiversidad de la Sierra Madre del Sur: una Sintesis preliminar. Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico: 431 - 448" title="Areas de endemismo de la Sierra Madre del Sur." volumeTitle="Biodiversidad de la Sierra Madre del Sur: una Sintesis preliminar." year="2016">Santiago-Alvarado et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
) (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A. Geographical distribution of the species of Rhipidocladum in Mexico based on georeferenced localities of herbarium specimens (Ruiz-Sanchez et al. 2019, 2020, 2021 b). B. Close up to the geographical distribution of R. singuliflorum (red stars) and R. racemiflorum (black circles) in western Jalisco." figureDoi="10.5091/plecevo.86519.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775670" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">1</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="417" type="habitat">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="417">Habitat and ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="417">
This species inhabits the slopes of humid canyons of creeks and rivers at 6-150 m a.s.l. The vegetation corresponds to subdeciduous and tropical dry forests with associated species, such as 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Astronium" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Astronium graveolens" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graveolens">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">Astronium graveolens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Jacq., 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Burseraceae" genus="Bursera" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Bursera" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">Bursera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp., 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Casearia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Casearia arguta" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arguta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">Casearia arguta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Kunth, 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Urticaceae" genus="Cecropia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cecropia obtusifolia" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="obtusifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">Cecropia obtusifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Bertol., 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Cnidoscolus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cnidoscolus tepiquensis" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tepiquensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">Cnidoscolus tepiquensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Cost. &amp; Gall.) Lundell, 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Croton schiedeanus" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="schiedeanus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">Croton schiedeanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Schltdl., 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" genus="Cupania" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cupania dentata" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dentata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">Cupania dentata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Moc. &amp; Sesse, 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Araliaceae" genus="Dendropanax" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dendropanax arboreus" order="Apiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arboreus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">Dendropanax arboreus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(L.) Decne. &amp; Planch., 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Euphorbia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Euphorbia" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">Euphorbia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp., 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Ficus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ficus" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">Ficus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp., 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Guettarda" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Guettarda elliptica" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="elliptica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">Guettarda elliptica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Sw., 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Inga" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Inga laurina" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laurina">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">Inga laurina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Sw.) Willd., 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Lonchocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lonchocarpus" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">Lonchocarpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp., 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Luehea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Luehea candida" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="candida">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">Luehea candida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Mart., 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Lysiloma" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lysiloma divaricatum" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="divaricatum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">Lysiloma divaricatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Jacq.) Benth., 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ochnaceae" genus="Ouratea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ouratea madrensis" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="madrensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">Ouratea madrensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L.Riley, 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Pseudobombax" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pseudobombax ellipticum" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ellipticum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">Pseudobombax ellipticum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Kunth) Dugand, and 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Zygia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Zygia conzattii" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="conzattii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">Zygia conzattii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Standl.) Britton &amp; Rose, among others (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Rhipidocladum singuliflorum. A. Panoramic view of the subdeciduous tropical forest glen habitat at the Palo Maria river, culms showing scandent habit. B. Basal clump showing culms habit and culm leaves. C. Cross section and size cut of culm, showing hollow culm with thick wall. D. Synflorescence branches bearing one terminal spikelet. E. Close up of the spikelet showing glumes, lemma, palea and florets. F. Spikelet. Photos by Eduardo Ruiz-Sanchez (A, B, C, E) and Pablo Carrillo-Reyes (D, F)." figureDoi="10.5091/plecevo.86519.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775672" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">3A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="417" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="417">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="417">
Latin 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">singulus</emphasis>
, solitary, and 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">florum</emphasis>
, flowered, alluding to usual occurrence of single, terminal spikelet in synflorescence (Figs 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Rhipidocladum singuliflorum. A. Culm segment showing foliage leaves complement and synflorescences. B. Culm segment, showing culm leaf sheath and blade. C. Culm leaf sheath and blade abaxial view. D. Spikelet bearing 2 glumes and 5 florets. E. Glumes. F. Floret, lateral (right) and dorsal (left) views. G. Palea, frontal (right) and lateral (left) views. Drawing by Juvenal Aargon Parada based on E. Ruiz-Sanchez, A. Nuno, A. Zabalgoitia L. A. Monroy y L. Campos 722 (IBUG)." figureDoi="10.5091/plecevo.86519.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775671" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">2A</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Rhipidocladum singuliflorum. A. Panoramic view of the subdeciduous tropical forest glen habitat at the Palo Maria river, culms showing scandent habit. B. Basal clump showing culms habit and culm leaves. C. Cross section and size cut of culm, showing hollow culm with thick wall. D. Synflorescence branches bearing one terminal spikelet. E. Close up of the spikelet showing glumes, lemma, palea and florets. F. Spikelet. Photos by Eduardo Ruiz-Sanchez (A, B, C, E) and Pablo Carrillo-Reyes (D, F)." figureDoi="10.5091/plecevo.86519.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775672" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">3D-F</figureCitation>
). The use of - 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">florum</emphasis>
instead of - 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">spiculum</emphasis>
is preferred here [cf. 
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. racemiflorum" pageId="0" pageNumber="417" rank="species" species="racemiflorum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">R. racemiflorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
].
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.5091/plecevo.86519.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775671" pageId="0" pageNumber="417" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="417">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">Figure 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ruiz-Sanchez &amp; C. D. Tyrrell" authorityYear="2022" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Rhipidocladum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Rhipidocladum singuliflorum" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="singuliflorum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">Rhipidocladum singuliflorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">A</emphasis>
. Culm segment showing foliage leaves complement and synflorescences. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">B</emphasis>
. Culm segment, showing culm leaf sheath and blade. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">C</emphasis>
. Culm leaf sheath and blade abaxial view. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">D</emphasis>
. Spikelet bearing 2 glumes and 5 florets. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">E</emphasis>
. Glumes. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">F</emphasis>
. Floret, lateral (right) and dorsal (left) views. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">G</emphasis>
. Palea, frontal (right) and lateral (left) views. Drawing by Juvenal 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Aargón">Aargon</normalizedToken>
Parada based on 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">
E. Ruiz-Sanchez, A. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Nuño">Nuno</normalizedToken>
, A. Zabalgoitia L.A. Monroy y L. Campos 722
</emphasis>
(IBUG).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption doi="10.5091/plecevo.86519.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775672" pageId="0" pageNumber="417" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="417">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">Figure 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ruiz-Sanchez &amp; C. D. Tyrrell" authorityYear="2022" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Rhipidocladum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Rhipidocladum singuliflorum" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="singuliflorum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">Rhipidocladum singuliflorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">A</emphasis>
. Panoramic view of the subdeciduous tropical forest glen habitat at the Palo 
<normalizedToken originalValue="María">Maria</normalizedToken>
river, culms showing scandent habit. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">B</emphasis>
. Basal clump showing culms habit and culm leaves. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">C</emphasis>
. Cross section and size cut of culm, showing hollow culm with thick wall. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">D</emphasis>
. Synflorescence branches bearing one terminal spikelet. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">E</emphasis>
. Close up of the spikelet showing glumes, lemma, palea and florets. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">F</emphasis>
. Spikelet. Photos by Eduardo Ruiz-Sanchez (A, B, C, E) and Pablo Carrillo-Reyes (D, F).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="417" type="preliminary iucn conservation assessment">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="417">Preliminary IUCN conservation assessment.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="417">
Critically endangered: CR B1ab(iii). 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ruiz-Sanchez &amp; C. D. Tyrrell" authorityYear="2022" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Rhipidocladum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Rhipidocladum singuliflorum" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="singuliflorum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">Rhipidocladum singuliflorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from three localities that are separated by no more than 14 km. Using GeoCAT, the Extent of Occurrence (EOO) was calculated to be 10.6 km2, and the Area of Occupancy to be 12 km2, based on 2 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2 km cells. The three localities are canyons that are not suitable for agriculture or grazing, and are often used for recreation with one of them (El Nogalito) currently under management by an ecotourism centre. The localities, however, are adjacent to the Carretera 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pacífico">Pacifico</normalizedToken>
(Carretera Federal 200), the major west coast highway, and potentially in the path of the planned series of 
<normalizedToken originalValue="“vía">&quot;via</normalizedToken>
corta&quot; highway expansions. A preliminary category of Critically endangered: CR B1ab(iii) is proposed following the IUCN (
<bibRefCitation author="Franklin, DC" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Biogeography" pageId="0" pageNumber="417" publicationUrl="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" refId="B5" refString="2022. . http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" url="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" year="2022">IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee 2022</bibRefCitation>
) criteria.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.5091/plecevo.86519.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775673" pageId="0" pageNumber="417" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="417">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">Figure 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ruiz-Sanchez &amp; C. D. Tyrrell" authorityYear="2022" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Rhipidocladum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Rhipidocladum singuliflorum" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="singuliflorum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">Rhipidocladum singuliflorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">A</emphasis>
. Caryopsis dorsal view. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">B</emphasis>
. Caryopsis ventral view showing indent near the hilum.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="417" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="417">Additional specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="417">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-11-16" collectingDateMax="2022-03-20" collectingDateMin="2021-11-16" collectorName="el Rio Pitillal, P. Carrillo-Reyes, S. Quijas-Fonseca, Arroyo El Nogalito, Ecoparque El Nogalito, A. T. Nuno-Rubio, A. T. Nuno, L. Campos" country="MEXICO" county="Puerto Vallarta" elevation="120" latitude="20.552433" location="Rio Palo Maria" longLatPrecision="14" longitude="-105.259445" municipality="Rio Pitillal" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Jalisco">
<collectingCountry name="Mexico">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
- 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">
<collectingRegion country="Mexico" name="Jalisco">Jalisco</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
• 
<collectingCounty>Puerto Vallarta</collectingCounty>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="km" value="4.0">4 km</quantity>
al 
<locationDeviation location="Playa Grande">SE de Playa Grande</locationDeviation>
, subiendo por 
<collectorName>
el 
<collectingMunicipality>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Pitillal
</collectingMunicipality>
</collectorName>
(
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" unit="km" value="2.4">2.4 km</quantity>
en 
<normalizedToken originalValue="línea">linea</normalizedToken>
recta); 
<geoCoordinate degrees="20" direction="north" minutes="38" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="14" value="20.637222">
20°38 
<normalizedToken originalValue="’14”">'14&quot;</normalizedToken>
N
</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="105" direction="west" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="14" value="-105.170555">
105°10 
<normalizedToken originalValue="’14”">'14&quot;</normalizedToken>
W
</geoCoordinate>
; 
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="m" value="120.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="m" value="120.0">120 m</elevation>
</quantity>
; 
<collectingDate value="2022-02-18">18 Feb. 2022</collectingDate>
; fl.; 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">
<collectorName>P. Carrillo-Reyes</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName>S. Quijas-Fonseca</collectorName>
10093
</emphasis>
; IBUG • 
<collectorName>Arroyo El Nogalito</collectorName>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" unit="km" value="0.8">0.8 km</quantity>
en 
<normalizedToken originalValue="línea">linea</normalizedToken>
recta al SE del 
<collectorName>Ecoparque El Nogalito</collectorName>
; 
<geoCoordinate degrees="20" direction="north" minutes="33" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="24" value="20.556665">
20°33 
<normalizedToken originalValue="’24”">'24&quot;</normalizedToken>
N
</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="105" direction="west" minutes="14" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="10" value="-105.23611">
105°14 
<normalizedToken originalValue="’10”">'10&quot;</normalizedToken>
W
</geoCoordinate>
; 
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" unit="m" value="130.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" unit="m" value="130.0">130 m</elevation>
</quantity>
; 
<collectingDate value="2022-03-20">20 Mar. 2022</collectingDate>
; 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">
<collectorName>P. Carrillo-Reyes</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName>
A.T. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Nuño-Rubio">Nuno-Rubio</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
10106
</emphasis>
; IBUG • 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:99957F8C6C9E550BB2217686A1B44CA6:62EC667233BADC57E5BB6FCC388B263A" country="MEXICO" county="Puerto Vallarta" latitude="20.552433" longLatPrecision="14" longitude="-105.259445" municipality="Rio Pitillal" name="Rio Palo Maria" stateProvince="Jalisco">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Palo 
<normalizedToken originalValue="María">Maria</normalizedToken>
</location>
; 
<geoCoordinate degrees="20" direction="north" minutes="33" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="8.76" value="20.552433">
20°33 
<normalizedToken originalValue="’8.76”">'8.76&quot;</normalizedToken>
N
</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="105" direction="west" minutes="15" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="34" value="-105.259445">
105°15 
<normalizedToken originalValue="’34”">'34&quot;</normalizedToken>
W
</geoCoordinate>
; 
<quantity metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" unit="m" value="6.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" unit="m" value="6.0">6 m</elevation>
</quantity>
; 
<collectingDate value="2021-11-16">16 Nov. 2021</collectingDate>
; fl.; 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="417">
<collectorName>
A.T. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Nuño">Nuno</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName>L. Campos</collectorName>
s.n.
</emphasis>
; IBUG
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>