203 lines
25 KiB
XML
203 lines
25 KiB
XML
<document id="3882375CC0C109792D3FE89F08543573" ID-CLB-Dataset="30125" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.755.23939" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7392eb62-5d84-4f6a-8c8a-9f4e351a84a7" ID-PMC="PMC5953965" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-755-1" ID-PubMed="29769836" ID-ZooBank="AADE14787C914355B776C4AEF28347BF" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1313-2970-755-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 755" ModsDocTitle="A revision of the cleptoparasitic bee genus Epeolus Latreille for Nearctic species, north of Mexico (Hymenoptera, Apidae)" checkinTime="1525801749154" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Onuferko, Thomas M." docDate="2018" docId="6D5ED68194269CB490F71250E567F635" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 755: 1-185" docOrigin="ZooKeys 755" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.755.23939" docTitle="Epeolus banksi Cockerell 1907" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="35" masterDocId="D91DD51C1718C109FF8EFFA6FFF3FF9F" masterDocTitle="A revision of the cleptoparasitic bee genus Epeolus Latreille for Nearctic species, north of Mexico (Hymenoptera, Apidae)" masterLastPageNumber="185" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="31" updateTime="1701379395747" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="EB8BE941F24303432BCD53F996C9C587">A revision of the cleptoparasitic bee genus Epeolus Latreille for Nearctic species, north of Mexico (Hymenoptera, Apidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4E4AD169394BE98EBEDB18F31375B148">Onuferko, Thomas M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="2FA45D63AAC62C741DF5F6A1F2949F9B">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="2DB2A275CEA5A478C8EB3E88FBA6C6FC">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:url id="F0E16B436FE466010E1CA9E96F6CF49D">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.755.23939</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="FD5805CB331A448B87FDE70DA141A0B0">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="86EA400DF6D477E4C29D2F19BC3C8212" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.755.23939</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="6D5ED68194269CB490F71250E567F635" ID-GBIF-Taxon="143842369" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6D5ED68194269CB490F71250E567F635" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6D5ED68194269CB490F71250E567F635" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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<subSubSection id="26EBEFBB3788174DE315BC9288CD3776" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="2086B9E4B7CE254ED8F10E178388A10D" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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9.
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<taxonomicName id="93F580BC389BBE44AC892B53F0067FE2" ID-CoL="6FNQ4" authority="Cockerell, 1907" authorityName="Cockerell" authorityYear="1907" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Epeolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epeolus banksi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="banksi">Epeolus banksi (Cockerell, 1907)</taxonomicName>
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Figs 20, 21, 96F
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EC5C6CC2AF3B1E15DD64A994A90420B4" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="2A1B3A7ED97104E9A4EF6B0038935BD3" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<taxonomicName id="940BD77DCA18E06B67D32CC805B66FB4" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Triepeolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Triepeolus banksi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="banksi">
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<pageBreakToken id="D9118917B2B94B055B1397A2F05E53E4" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" start="start">Triepeolus</pageBreakToken>
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banksi
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</taxonomicName>
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Cockerell, 1907a. Entomologist 40: 135 (♂).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="36D7276CFDE3E7D84BE7657E7891B5C3" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<taxonomicName id="192642B2B1E85F4884A58C3F0045CE3B" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Epeolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epeolus banksi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="banksi">Epeolus banksi</taxonomicName>
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Mitchell, 1962. N. C. Agric. Exp. Stn. Tech. Bull. 152: 442.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DE24BE4E73297380C09A223820D45484" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="9D5F34488C7F26C24B7FC155F5AD0491" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CDDA11DFA077D952627A8CCC641915B1" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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The following morphological features in combination (excluding any that are specific to the opposite sex of the one being diagnosed) can be used to tell
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<taxonomicName id="71B0C7937FA6160903990398DC3E3C4E" lsidName="E. banksi" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" rank="species" species="banksi">E. banksi</taxonomicName>
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apart from all other North American
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<taxonomicName id="0B5BA724EFB796CF6737214CEC9DB9D5" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Epeolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epeolus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Epeolus</taxonomicName>
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except
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<taxonomicName id="DCA1F7E550A0AD293E8F053F0DF5F080" lsidName="E. minimus" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" rank="species" species="minimus">E. minimus</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="892CE76A229279E41BBE95E99AC594F0" lsidName="E. olympiellus" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" rank="species" species="olympiellus">E. olympiellus</taxonomicName>
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: in females, F2 is at least 1.2
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<normalizedToken id="FF7F3463A605DC557C5A0367C7C90D3D" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as wide; the mesoscutum has distinct paramedian bands; the axilla is small to intermediate in size, not extending much beyond the midlength of the mesoscutellum (extending to <2/3 its length) but the free portion is more than 1/4 as long as the entire medial length of the axilla, and the axilla and mesoscutellum are black; the mesopleuron is closely (most i<1d) and evenly punctate; T1 has a quadrangular discal patch, in dorsal view the longitudinal band is at least half as wide as the breadth of the apical fascia; and the T2 fascia has anterolateral extensions of tomentum. Whereas in
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<taxonomicName id="A604F0FB587438DCF8D163AB1BAFBBCF" lsidName="E. minimus" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" rank="species" species="minimus">E. minimus</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="400AEEB32449EE052E9356106E4D9C58" lsidName="E. olympiellus" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" rank="species" species="olympiellus">E. olympiellus</taxonomicName>
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the mesoscutum and metasomal terga have bands of off-white to pale yellow short appressed setae, in
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<taxonomicName id="8D58AF618B3ADEB3ABBDCEC34882348D" lsidName="E. banksi" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" rank="species" species="banksi">E. banksi</taxonomicName>
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the mesoscutum and metasomal terga have bands of gray short appressed setae. In
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<taxonomicName id="45334816695F179F2390D47E0FD32076" lsidName="E. banksi" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" rank="species" species="banksi">E. banksi</taxonomicName>
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, the integument is entirely dark brown or black. In
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<taxonomicName id="F4482C2663222CA7EF45DEE73CD6ADA1" lsidName="E. olympiellus" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" rank="species" species="olympiellus">E. olympiellus</taxonomicName>
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, at least the pronotal lobe is ferruginous. In
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<taxonomicName id="44425AA02B317131794E726991B649C2" lsidName="E. minimus" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" rank="species" species="minimus">E. minimus</taxonomicName>
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from California, the integument is often entirely dark brown or black, but throughout most of its range
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<taxonomicName id="6DB53037C4072857496DFAF6AAC3AB9D" lsidName="E. minimus" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" rank="species" species="minimus">E. minimus</taxonomicName>
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exhibits reddish-orange coloration on the labrum, antenna, pronotal lobe, and/or legs, except foreleg, from trochanters to tarsi. Both sexes of
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<taxonomicName id="4B58ACA2A4076BB308A194C9B0215514" lsidName="E. banksi" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" rank="species" species="banksi">E. banksi</taxonomicName>
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are larger (~10 mm in length) on average than
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<taxonomicName id="C5973A6CE32BC7F113E5B2152F854D6C" lsidName="E. minimus" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" rank="species" species="minimus">E. minimus</taxonomicName>
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or
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<taxonomicName id="8D79483ED94DCE0674C0CCA8650832D1" lsidName="E. olympiellus" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" rank="species" species="olympiellus">E. olympiellus</taxonomicName>
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(7-8 mm in length).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5DD74296D3F8182456AD92857A0701FC" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="redescription">
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<paragraph id="AC1F4E0B72E82561009B694F5BA47030" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Redescription.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9E6D28FD3186575ECA6ECEE3D1F09FD3" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">MALE: Length 9.4 mm; head length 2.3 mm; head width 3.3 mm; fore wing length 7.5 mm.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="39EABCF8CAD7816050593C708125331C" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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Integument coloration. Mostly black; notable exceptions as follows: at least partially ferruginous on mandible, antenna, tegula, and legs. Mandible black except apex reddish brown; preapical tooth same color as mandibular apex (difficult to see in holotype;
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<pageBreakToken id="F4EF53EE518EC1D5230FBD0497A9CA59" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" start="start">described</pageBreakToken>
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from non-type specimens). Flagellum, except right F1 and F2, missing in holotype, but brown and (except F1) slightly lighter than conspicuously dark brown scape and pedicel, primarily due to extensive pilosity on flagellum, in non-type specimens. Wing membrane subhyaline, apically dusky. Legs, except reddish-orange tarsi, with brown or black more extensive than reddish orange.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D4271673764F52C48486E5F8D38F8723" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Pubescence. Face with tomentum densest on clypeus and around antennal socket, sparser on upper paraocular area and vertexal area. Dorsum of mesosoma and metasoma with bands of off-white to pale gray short appressed setae. Mesoscutum with paramedian band. Mesopleuron densely hairy, except for two sparsely hairy circular patches (one behind pronotal lobe, a larger one occupying much of ventrolateral half of mesopleuron). Metanotum with tomentum uninterrupted, uniformly off white. T1 with median quadrangular black discal patch enclosed by pale tomentum, except for medial separation at apex. T2-T6 with fasciae interrupted medially, those of T2-T4 narrowed before becoming somewhat broader laterally, T2 with fascia with anterolateral extensions of sparser tomentum. S4 and S5 with long coppery to silvery subapical hairs, which individually are often darker apically.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="602DD98E39B88F0917AEFD6C36550AEE" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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Surface sculpture. Punctures dense. Labrum with larger and sparser punctures (i=1-2d) than clypeus (i<1d). Small impunctate matte spot lateral to lateral ocellus. Mesoscutum, mesoscutellum, and axilla coarsely and densely rugose-punctate. Tegula very
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<pageBreakToken id="789A49295F0E09712816FBD85BD06DE2" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" start="start">densely</pageBreakToken>
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punctate mesally (i<1d), less so laterally (i=1-2d). Mesopleuron with ventrolateral half densely punctate (i<1d); mesopleuron with punctures more or less equally dense throughout. Metasomal terga with punctures very fine, dense (i≈1d), evenly distributed on disc.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="498ABC0134ACD29B6E8F55B6A952EB13" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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Structure. Labral apex with pair of small denticles, each preceded by longitudinal carina. Frontal keel not strongly raised. Scape with greatest length 1.6
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<normalizedToken id="BCA3F765B09D3FFBF6270D78C3631D1E" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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greatest width. F2 noticeably longer than wide (L/W ratio = 1.2). Preoccipital ridge not joining hypostomal carina, from which it is separated by about 1.5-2 MOD at its terminal. Mesoscutellum moderately bigibbous. Axilla intermediate in size, its lateral margin (L) nearly half as long as mesoscutellar width (W) (L/W ratio = 0.4-0.5) and tip not extending much beyond midlength of mesoscutellum (extending to <2/3 its length); axilla with tip clearly visible, but unattached to mesoscutellum for less than 2/5 the medial length of axilla; axilla with lateral margin relatively straight and without carina. Fore wing with three submarginal cells. Pygidial plate apically rounded, with large deep punctures closely clustered.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E8903E43871A4ABA77B8BA34C9FA3F03" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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FEMALE: Description as for male except for usual secondary sexual characters and as follows: F2 even longer than wide (L/W ratio = 1.4); T5 with two patches of pale tomentum bordering and separate from pseudopygidial area present only in female; T5 with pseudopygidial area lunate, its apex more than twice as wide as medial length, indicated by silvery setae on flat disc of apicomedial region elevated from rest of tergum; S4 and S5 with much shorter hairs (S5 with apical fimbria of coppery to silvery hairs
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<pageBreakToken id="5E259FA3D3DF1C251185340C2D44F581" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" start="start">extending</pageBreakToken>
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beyond apex of sternum by ~2/5 MOD); pygidial plate apically truncate, with small, denser punctures.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="2084922011073BB964BB595B7CC623D6" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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<paragraph id="450226459E590C169F5A77A23E214C46" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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Figure 20.
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<taxonomicName id="ECCF3210354600A95500E8C5162667EA" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Epeolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epeolus banksi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="banksi">Epeolus banksi</taxonomicName>
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A female, lateral habitus (scale bar 3 mm) B female, dorsal habitus (scale bar 3 mm) C male, lateral habitus (scale bar 3 mm), and D female axillae and mesoscutellum, dorsal view (scale bar 0.5 mm; blue lines indicate the posterior extent of the axilla relative to the length of the mesoscutellum; red lines indicate the extent of the free portion of the axilla relative to its entire medial length).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="57133D6370F2E5315328766C4235F33F" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="CA0C9575D678020FC80C0ED62AA59DF4" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2F4A3FCBEE290509324BF7838E40E916" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Maryland to North Carolina (Fig. 21).</paragraph>
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<caption id="52F0D9C5C72AE2CD7290F0F828884DB4" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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<paragraph id="AB1E027D996C155DFC7ADD952FEDB5BD" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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Figure 21. Occurrence records of
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<taxonomicName id="5461EA519F3D51C21AA3B34316974C7E" lsidName="E. banksi" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" rank="species" species="banksi">E. banksi</taxonomicName>
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known to the author (yellow circles).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9D65646698935FD7BFE0AFBB81262D30" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="ecology">
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<paragraph id="901C7807FC4A8333E1E8D5D2C6EAF165" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Ecology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CC9DD83483CA2F62589833121B940247" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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HOST RECORDS: The host species of
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<taxonomicName id="41C1589F9D64DF14CFD4E7D7C128D55D" lsidName="E. banksi" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" rank="species" species="banksi">E. banksi</taxonomicName>
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is/are presently unknown.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EEF98D99D5DC799905D8D714CE6643CD" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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FLORAL RECORDS:
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<bibRefCitation id="DDC35EE603654F33C132B0809657C60B" author="Mitchell, TB" journalOrPublisher="North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station Technical Bulletin" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" pagination="1 - 557" title="Bees of the eastern United States. Volume II." volume="152" year="1962">Mitchell (1962)</bibRefCitation>
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indicated a floral association with
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<taxonomicName id="41A4AA08F8CA0F1490D52E8C9A8CE6A8" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Fragaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Fragaria" order="Rosales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Fragaria</taxonomicName>
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L. (
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<taxonomicName id="290F4CF09F9B4F193AF5EC54FDE41DDB" family="Rosaceae" lsidName="Thalestriina" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" rank="family">Rosaceae</taxonomicName>
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||
). Labels of examined voucher specimens further indicate associations with
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<taxonomicName id="3FD4E13591E7DA7DA8F8ED44CF303B43" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Solidago" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solidago" order="Asterales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Solidago</taxonomicName>
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L. (
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<taxonomicName id="699698206C1C88F785FAB46EEA003E64" family="Compositae" lsidName="Thalestriina" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" rank="family">Compositae</taxonomicName>
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) and
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<taxonomicName id="1F2C4A9A4449E4006AD87998E2C2107E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Symphyotrichum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Symphyotrichum ericoides" order="Asterales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ericoides">Symphyotrichum ericoides</taxonomicName>
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(L.) G.L. Nesom (
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<taxonomicName id="20F1528190F4D305972219CFD6C9C30F" family="Compositae" lsidName="Thalestriina" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" rank="family">Compositae</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="79EBA81A227D504C60A8F157631E7799" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="68A118942E4BA968D78C3D92D2B7698F" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Discussion.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="438CF1BB7B7121337FACD38108F8D02A" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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Most of the specimens of this species that were examined were collected in the Washington metropolitan area. While
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<bibRefCitation id="6F8A2DC4BB345C4B636F5970F619A69E" author="Mitchell, TB" journalOrPublisher="North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station Technical Bulletin" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" pagination="1 - 557" title="Bees of the eastern United States. Volume II." volume="152" year="1962">Mitchell (1962)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
indicated
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D9256CD71A08EF6FE152F97EC02F5BAF" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Epeolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epeolus banksi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="banksi">Epeolus banksi</taxonomicName>
|
||
as being quite prevalent across the Eastern United States, reportedly ranging from Minnesota to New Jersey and North Carolina, it seems that the name has been commonly misapplied to specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="85E08AA64884D2024714D9EC904F19A2" lsidName="E. minimus" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" rank="species" species="minimus">E. minimus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(as in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2CEC9D159FD53881C3C4CAB5A45CDD29" author="MacKay, PA" journalOrPublisher="The Canadian Entomologist" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" pagination="367 - 376" title="Seasonal occurrence and abundance in a community of wild bees from an old field habitat in southern Ontario." url="https://doi.org/10.4039/Ent111367-3" volume="111" year="1979">MacKay and Knerer (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for example, and probably by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7280CE7E5325EA35A8D2C076E0D51805" author="Mitchell, TB" journalOrPublisher="North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station Technical Bulletin" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" pagination="1 - 557" title="Bees of the eastern United States. Volume II." volume="152" year="1962">Mitchell (1962)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as well).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4EB6766337F9DAA8E7A9C9FC27EA67D" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Epeolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epeolus banksi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="banksi">Epeolus banksi</taxonomicName>
|
||
is much larger than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="25EB19C1EEB4CC7213DC9DF285431EB4" lsidName="E. minimus" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" rank="species" species="minimus">E. minimus</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and has completely black integument, but unlike similarly dark specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C6366D39F08EF8ECBC11088039898C19" lsidName="E. minimus" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" rank="species" species="minimus">E. minimus</taxonomicName>
|
||
from California,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7C2E371BEAA0C83E167628950A474564" lsidName="E. banksi" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" rank="species" species="banksi">E. banksi</taxonomicName>
|
||
has gray as opposed to pale yellow bands of tomentum on the mesosoma and metasoma. Unfortunately, no recently collected material was available for barcode sequencing, and the specimens seen are all from the early 1900s. The absence of this species from recent collections has not gone unnoticed (e.g in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7AB3FB5D2A249C8E192FD37067F464B1" author="Colla, SR" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Entomological Society of Kansas" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" pagination="14 - 22" title="Documenting persistence and absence of eastern North American bee species to 1990 - 2009." url="https://doi.org/10.2317/JKES110726.1" volume="85" year="2012">Colla et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
it is listed among the bee species not collected since 1990). Increased urbanization in and around Washington D.C. may have resulted in the extirpation of this species there, and perhaps it has even disappeared entirely throughout its earlier range. Hence, extensive efforts should be made to rediscover this species, by sampling its apparent historical range between North Carolina and Maryland, to assess its conservation status. The flight season of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EDECB01AC294A7BBB16BE4BA669870B4" lsidName="E. banksi" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" rank="species" species="banksi">E. banksi</taxonomicName>
|
||
appears to be late summer/early autumn.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1E16D5AB5358354CB538900CCAA8D3AC" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="6F98B1123CFF43CD3DDB587F2B8E6E5C" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Material studied.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DF5B17221DB0D3519D780A1069346F40" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Type material. Primary: USA: Virginia: Falls Church, 26.viii.????, N. Banks (holotype ♂ [USNM, catalog number: 534038]).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DC5C8B946CB93B4EB844BE057BEC55AD" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Secondary: USA: Virginia: Falls Church, 07.ix.????, N. Banks (paratype ♂, CAS).</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E1CCC20B2CA701B70EE45F03CB4EB7FC" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="A14941807BE16FE596C6B925F49425BD" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">DNA barcoded material with BIN-compliant sequences.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="728D0C4CCE00614792670D361C242A2D" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Unavailable.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4D9499C562D668EC4E9313EFFF572C10" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="D431AE6CD02BAAE0E9929E563B6C27D3" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Non-barcoded material examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3019DFB4B32D065E8953402B7EB4810A" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">USA: Maryland: Glen Echo (Montgomery County), 30.viii.1923, J.R. Malloch (1♂, USNM); North Carolina: Valley of Black Mountains, 30.ix.1906, W. Beutenmuller (1♂, AMNH); Virginia: Chain Bridge, 10.ix.1922, J.R. Malloch (1♂, USNM); Falls Church, G.G. Rohwer (1♂, USNM); Glencarlyn?, 20.ix.??30 (1♂, USNM); Washington, D.C. (2♀, BBSL); Rock Creek Park, 28.viii.1919, J.C. Crawford (1♂, AMNH).</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |