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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.898.37531" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b7d31854-a2d4-4a1f-bb70-2c19ba34103d" ID-PMC="PMC6917628" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-898-27" ID-Pensoft-UUID="06298550897C56E2A09431B1C1082D18" ID-PubMed="31866733" ID-ZooBank="52448626026D4D5BBB755097E06814D7" ModsDocID="1313-2970-898-27" checkinTime="1575997084172" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Sharaf, Mostafa R., Aldawood, Abdulrahman S. &amp; Garcia, Francisco Hita" docDate="2019" docId="69051F2FFA38566DA77295D6D8013AE4" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 898: 27-81" docOrigin="ZooKeys 898" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.898.37531" docTitle="Crematogaster gryllsi Sharaf &amp; Hita Garcia, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="06298550897C56E2A09431B1C1082D18" lastPageNumber="27" masterDocId="06298550897C56E2A09431B1C1082D18" masterDocTitle="Review of the Arabian Crematogaster Lund (Hymenoptera, Formicidae), synoptic list, distribution, and description of two new species from Oman and Saudi Arabia" masterLastPageNumber="81" masterPageNumber="27" pageNumber="27" updateTime="1668168224651" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Review of the Arabian Crematogaster Lund (Hymenoptera, Formicidae), synoptic list, distribution, and description of two new species from Oman and Saudi Arabia</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Sharaf, Mostafa R.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Aldawood, Abdulrahman S.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Garcia, Francisco Hita</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>898</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>27</mods:start>
<mods:end>81</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.898.37531</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.898.37531</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-898-27</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">52448626026D4D5BBB755097E06814D7</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">06298550897C56E2A09431B1C1082D18</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="160689295" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:69051F2FFA38566DA77295D6D8013AE4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/69051F2FFA38566DA77295D6D8013AE4" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName LSID="69051F2F-FA38-566D-A772-95D6D8013AE4" authority="Sharaf &amp; Hita Garcia" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crematogaster gryllsi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gryllsi">Crematogaster gryllsi Sharaf &amp; Hita Garcia</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="27">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. C. gryllsi sp. nov. A body in profile B body in dorsal view C head in full-face view, CASENT 0919794 (Michele Esposito), www. AntWeb. org." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.898.37531.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/363784" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.898.37531.figure17">
Figure 17
<normalizedToken originalValue="AC">A-C</normalizedToken>
</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Holotype</emphasis>
: pinned worker, KSA: Fayfa,
<geoCoordinate degrees="17.29691" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="17.29691">17.29691N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="43.13500" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="43.135">43.13500E</geoCoordinate>
, 837 m, 06.iv.2013 (Sharaf MR) (CASENT0872096, KSMA).
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Paratypes</emphasis>
: 29 pinned workers, same data as the holotype (28 w, KSMA, 1 w, CASENT0919794, CASC); Asir Province, Abha, Raydah,
<geoCoordinate degrees="18.195817" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="18.195818">18.195817N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="42.389083" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="42.389084">42.389083E</geoCoordinate>
, 1614 m, 31.vii.2015 (Al Dhafer et al.) (8 w, KSMA; 1 w, WMLC); Abha, Raydah,
<geoCoordinate degrees="18.19465" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="18.19465">18.19465N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="42.39485" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="42.39485">42.39485E</geoCoordinate>
, 1851 m, 08.vi.2014 (Al Dhafer et al.) (1 w, KSMA).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crematogaster gryllsi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gryllsi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Crematogaster gryllsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. is distinguished from related congeners by the combination of the following characters: Mesonotum in profile without a tubercle on promesonotal suture; propodeal dorsum and propodeal spines forming a continuous concave curve in profile; postpetiolar node entire, not bilobed dorsally; mesopleura, petiole, and postpetiole distinctly densely punctate; color uniform yellow, second half of gaster brown-yellow.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="holotype worker">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Holotype worker.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">EL 0.22; HL 0.75; HW 0.80; LHT 0.57; PPL 0.12; PPW 0.20; PRW 0.45; PTH 0.17; PTL 0.22; PTW 0.32; SL 0.62; ML 0.90; Indices. CI 107; LBI 158; OI 28; PPI 63; PTHI 77; PTWI 145; SI 78.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="paratype workers">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Paratype workers.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
EL 0.15-0.25; HL 0.65-0.87; HW 0.67-0.87; LHT 0.45-0.57; PPL 0.12-0.18; PPW 0.17-0.25; PRW 0.40-0.55; PTH 0.12-0.25; PTL 0.12-0.25; PTW 0.27-0.42; SL 0.50-0.70; ML 0.75-1.0; Indices. CI 96-107; LBI 124-178; OI 22-31; PPI 59-81; PTHI 88-125; PTWI 145-267; SI 68-93 (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">N</emphasis>
= 15).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Worker</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Workers of the new species showing marked size variation in the two nests.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Head.</emphasis>
Head as long as or little broader than long with convex sides and feebly concave posterior margin; antennae 12-segmented; in full-face view antennal scapes when laid back from their insertions reach or surpass posterior margin of head by the length of the first funicular segment; eyes of moderate size (OI 22-31), located nearly at mid-length of head in full-face view and with about 12 ommatidia in the longest row; anterior clypeal margin broadly convex.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Mesosoma.</emphasis>
Mesonotum in profile without a small tubercle on promesonotal suture; promesonotal suture feebly impressed; mesonotum convex in profile; median mesonotal carina absent; metanotal groove shallowly impressed but distinct; propodeal spines long, sharp and upward directed; propodeal spiracle circular, and located below the base of the propodeal spines; propodeal dorsum and propodeal spines forming a continuous concave curve in profile.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Petiole.</emphasis>
In profile petiole distinctly longer than high (PTHI 88-125; PTWI 145-267); approx. twice broader anteriorly than posteriorly in dorsal view; subpetiolar process well developed.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Postpetiole.</emphasis>
Postpetiolar node entire, not bilobed in dorsal view.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Pilosity.</emphasis>
Cephalic and clypeal surfaces with abundant scattered fine appressed pubescence; anterior clypeal margin and mandibles with abundant scattered long yellow hairs; antennae and legs with dense appressed pubescence; mesosoma without hairs; promesonotum and mesonotum dorsum with few appressed pubescence; petiole, postpetiole and the first three gastral tergites with appressed pubescence; few hairs on the terminal gastral segment.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Sculpture.</emphasis>
Mandibles longitudinally striated; clypeal surface smooth; area in front of eyes finely longitudinally striated; cephalic surface smooth; antennal fossae surrounded by fine and curved striolae; promesonotum side smooth; promesonotum dorsum faintly longitudinally rugulose; propodeal dorsum faintly longitudinally striated; mesopleura, petiole, and postpetiole distinctly densely punctate; metapleura faintly, irregularly striated; gastral tergites smooth.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Color.</emphasis>
Head, mesosoma, petiole, postpetiole, first gastral tergite, legs, and antennae uniform yellow, second half of gaster brown-yellow.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">The patronymic epithet has been selected in honor of Bear Grylls, the survival instructor in recognition of his remarkable efforts in spreading the culture of survival globally.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="ecological and biological notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Ecological and biological notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
The microhabitat of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crematogaster gryllsi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gryllsi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Crematogaster gryllsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the type locality (Fayfa Mountains) (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Fayfa, type locality of C. gryllsi sp. nov. (M. Sharaf)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.898.37531.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/363785" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.898.37531.figure18">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
) is the humid leaf litter under
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Acacia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Acacia</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Calotropis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calotropis procera" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="procera">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Calotropis procera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Aiton) W. T. Aiton (
<taxonomicName family="Apocynaceae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="family">Apocynaceae</taxonomicName>
) trees. The specimens were collected by sifting leaf litter. The material from Raydah were collected by pitfall traps.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="geographic range">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Geographic range.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
This new species is only known from the Asir Mountains, KSA (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Distribution map of C. gryllsi sp. nov., C. jacindae sp. nov. and C. jehovae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.898.37531.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/363786" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.898.37531.figure19">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
This distinct new species immediately be separated from all Arabian
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crematogaster" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Crematogaster</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species by the undivided postpetiolar node and the uniform yellow color. All other species have a divided postpetiolar node.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crematogaster gryllsi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gryllsi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Crematogaster gryllsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appears to be related directly to
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. luctans" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="luctans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">C. luctans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Forel, 1907 from Kenya as it possesses an undivided postpetiolar dorsum as well. However,
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. gryllsi" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="gryllsi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">C. gryllsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be separated by the following characters: metanotal groove shallowly impressed, propodeal dorsum and propodeal spines forming a continuous concave curve in profile; promesonotum side smooth; mesopleura distinctly densely punctate; whereas
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. luctans" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="luctans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">C. luctans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has deeply impressed, U-shaped metanotal groove profile; convex propodeal dorsum in profile extending posteriorly to straight propodeal spines; mesosomal sides longitudinally striated.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="comments">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
The record of
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. luctans" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="luctans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">C. luctans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
given by
<bibRefCitation author="Collingwood, CA" journalOrPublisher="Fauna of Saudi Arabia" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" pagination="230 - 302" refId="B24" refString="Collingwood, CA, 1985. Hymenoptera: Fam. Formicidae of Saudi Arabia. Fauna of Saudi Arabia 7: 230 - 302" title="Hymenoptera: Fam. Formicidae of Saudi Arabia." volume="7" year="1985">Collingwood (1985)</bibRefCitation>
was based on material collected from Fayfa Mountains where the new species,
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. gryllsi" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="gryllsi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">C. gryllsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was collected. Considering that the shape of the postpetiole is uncommon in the Arabian fauna and the initial identification of
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. luctans" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="luctans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">C. luctans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was probably based on this character, it is highly likely that the record of
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. luctans" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="luctans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">C. luctans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation author="Collingwood, CA" journalOrPublisher="Fauna of Saudi Arabia" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" pagination="230 - 302" refId="B24" refString="Collingwood, CA, 1985. Hymenoptera: Fam. Formicidae of Saudi Arabia. Fauna of Saudi Arabia 7: 230 - 302" title="Hymenoptera: Fam. Formicidae of Saudi Arabia." volume="7" year="1985">Collingwood (1985)</bibRefCitation>
represents a misidentification. This hypothesis is further supported by the complete lack of any material of
<taxonomicName lsidName="luctans" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="luctans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">luctans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the WMLC. Therefore, the species was omitted from the list of Arabic species.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.898.37531.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/363784" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" start="Figure 17" startId="F17">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Figure 17.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. gryllsi" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="gryllsi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">C. gryllsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">A</emphasis>
body in profile
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">B</emphasis>
body in dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">C</emphasis>
head in full-face view, CASENT0919794 (Michele Esposito), www.AntWeb.org.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.898.37531.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/363785" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" start="Figure 18" startId="F18">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Figure 18.</emphasis>
Fayfa, type locality of
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. gryllsi" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="gryllsi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">C. gryllsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. (M. Sharaf).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.898.37531.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/363786" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" start="Figure 19" startId="F19">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Figure 19.</emphasis>
Distribution map of
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. gryllsi" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="gryllsi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">C. gryllsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.,
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. jacindae" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="jacindae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">C. jacindae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. and
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. jehovae" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="jehovae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">C. jehovae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>