259 lines
20 KiB
XML
259 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e7345e6b-fa55-474e-9b6e-d6b185121541" ID-PMC="PMC7718216" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-168-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="5F39D34A0DEF5952A2C4E9090C14B498" ID-PubMed="33335445" ModsDocID="1314-2003-168-1" checkinTime="1606572050664" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Dean, Ellen, Poore, Jennifer, Anguiano-Constante, Marco Antonio, Nee, Michael H., Kang, Hannah, Starbuck, Thomas, Rodrigues, Annamarie & Conner, Matthew" docDate="2020" docId="613E09FEF7C3007326B7A432C88EB7E2" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 168: 1-333" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 168" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904" docTitle="Lycianthes orogenes Standl. & Steyerm., Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 23 (5): 229. 1947" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="5F39D34A0DEF5952A2C4E9090C14B498" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="5F39D34A0DEF5952A2C4E9090C14B498" masterDocTitle="The genus Lycianthes (Solanaceae, Capsiceae) in Mexico and Guatemala" masterLastPageNumber="333" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668140149145" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The genus Lycianthes (Solanaceae, Capsiceae) in Mexico and Guatemala</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Dean, Ellen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity, Plant Sciences M. S. 7, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5986-0027</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">eadean@ucdavis.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Poore, Jennifer</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity, Plant Sciences M. S. 7, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Anguiano-Constante, Marco Antonio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Laboratorio Nacional de Identificacion y Caracterizacion Vegetal (LaniVeg), Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT), Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biologicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Camino Ramon Padilla Sanchez 2100, 45110 Nextipac, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4071-8108</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Nee, Michael H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>26776 US Hwy 14, Richland Center, WI 53581, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Kang, Hannah</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity, Plant Sciences M. S. 7, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Starbuck, Thomas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity, Plant Sciences M. S. 7, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Rodrigues, Annamarie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity, Plant Sciences M. S. 7, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Conner, Matthew</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity, Plant Sciences M. S. 7, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>168</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>333</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-168-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">5F39D34A0DEF5952A2C4E9090C14B498</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="170596538" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:613E09FEF7C3007326B7A432C88EB7E2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/613E09FEF7C3007326B7A432C88EB7E2" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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33
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<taxonomicName authority="Standl. & Steyerm., Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 23 (5): 229. 1947" authorityName="Standl. & Steyerm., Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 23 (5): 229." authorityYear="1947" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes orogenes" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="orogenes">Lycianthes orogenes Standl. & Steyerm., Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 23(5): 229. 1947</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 76" captionStartId="F76" captionText="Figure 76. Image of herbarium specimen of L. orogenes, Cabrera 5773 (MEXU). Specimen used with permission from the Herbario Nacional de Mexico, Universidad Autonoma de Mexico." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904.figure76" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/480088" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 76</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Guatemala. Chimaltenango: southwestern slopes of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Volcán">Volcan</normalizedToken>
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de Fuego, above Finca Montevideo, along Barranco Espinazo, 1200-1600 m, 20 Sep 1942,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J.A. Steyermark 52104</emphasis>
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(holotype: F [0072921F, acc. # 1148518]; isotype: US [00027892]).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904.figure76" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/480088" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 76" startId="F76">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 76.</emphasis>
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Image of herbarium specimen of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="L. orogenes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="orogenes">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. orogenes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cabrera 5773</emphasis>
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(MEXU). Specimen used with permission from the Herbario Nacional de
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<normalizedToken originalValue="México">Mexico</normalizedToken>
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, Universidad
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Autónoma">Autonoma</normalizedToken>
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de
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<normalizedToken originalValue="México">Mexico</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Shrub, erect, 1-3 m tall. Indument of white to light brown, uniseriate, multicellular, simple, eglandular, patent to curved and appressed-ascending trichomes 0.25-0.75 mm long. Stems green when young, glabrous to sparsely pubescent, compressed upon drying in a plant press, woody with age; upper sympodial branching points monochasial or dichasial. Leaves simple, the leaves of the upper sympodia usually paired and unequal in size, the larger ones with blades 8-18
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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2-6 cm, the smaller ones with blades 2-6.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1-3 cm, the leaf pairs usually similar in shape, the blades ovate (sometimes narrowly) to elliptic, membranaceous to thin chartaceous, sometimes with purple color along the veins, glabrous to sparsely pubescent, the base cuneate to attenuate, sometimes oblique, the margin entire, usually undulate, the apex acute to acuminate, the petiole 0.2-3.3 cm long, sometimes absent, the larger leaf blades with 4-6 primary veins on each side of the midvein. Flowers solitary or in groups of 2-7, axillary, erect to nodding; peduncles absent; pedicels 15-30 mm and erect to arching in flower, to 40 mm long, arching to deflexed in fruit, usually glabrous; calyx 1.5-2.5 mm long, 3-4 mm in diameter, campanulate, glabrous, the margin truncate, with 10 erect to slightly spreading, slightly flattened appendages 1-1.5 mm long emerging 0.25-0.5 mm below the calyx rim; fruiting calyx enlarged, widely bowl-shaped, 1.5-2.5 mm long, 6-7 mm in diameter, the appendages 1-2.5 mm long, spreading; corolla 0.7-1.6 cm long, campanulate to reflexed in orientation, entire to slightly stellate in outline, divided ca. 1/5 of the way to the base, with interpetalar tissue, white, sometimes with purple markings on the adaxial side near the stamen insertion, glabrous; stamens unequal, the four shorter filaments 1-1.5 mm long, the one long filament 2-3 mm long, glabrous, the anthers 3-4 mm long, lanceolate, free of one another, yellow, glabrous, poricidal at the tips, the pores round, dehiscing distally or towards the pistil, not opening into longitudinal slits; pistil with glabrous ovary, the style 6-7 mm long, linear, straight, glabrous, the stigma capitate to oblong, decurrent down two sides. Fruit a berry, 5-8 mm long, 5-10 mm in diameter, ovoid, globose, or depressed globose, green when immature, purple at maturity, glabrous, lacking sclerotic granules. Seeds 10-50 per fruit, 2-2.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1.5-2 mm, flattened, reniform in outline with deep notch on one side, orange-brown in center with yellow-orange margin, the surface reticulum with minute serpentine pattern and shallow luminae.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="chromosome number">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chromosome number.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Unknown.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Mexico (Chiapas) and Guatemala (Alta Verapaz, Baja Verapaz, Chimaltenango) in cloud forest, including oak forest, 1200-2300 m in elevation (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 77" captionStartId="F77" captionText="Figure 77. Map of geographic distribution of L. orogenes based on herbarium specimen data." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904.figure77" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/480089" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">77</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904.figure77" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/480089" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 77" startId="F77">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 77.</emphasis>
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Map of geographic distribution of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="L. orogenes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="orogenes">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. orogenes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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based on herbarium specimen data.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="common names and uses">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Common names and uses.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">None known.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="phenology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phenology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Flowering specimens have been collected in August and September. Specimens with mature fruits have been collected in February. Immature fruits have been collected in August. The phenological record is incomplete, due to the paucity of specimens, and there is very little information on the diurnal movements of the corollas.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="preliminary conservation status">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Preliminary conservation status.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes orogenes" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="orogenes">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes orogenes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is a rarely collected species of Mexico and Guatemala, represented by only five collections, none of which is from a protected area. The EOO is 19,783.690 km2, and the AOO is 20 km2. Based on the
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<bibRefCitation author="IUCN" journalOrPublisher="The Linnean Society of London, Academic Press, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="http://jr.iucnredlist.org/documents/redlistGuidelines" refId="B67" refString="IUCN, 2019. Guidelines for using the IUCN red list categories and criteria. version 12. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee in February 2019. http://jr.iucnredlist.org/documents/redlistGuidelines" title="Guidelines for using the IUCN red list categories and criteria. version 12. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee in February 2019." url="http://jr.iucnredlist.org/documents/redlistGuidelines" year="2019">IUCN (2019)</bibRefCitation>
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criteria, the preliminary assessment category is Endangered (EN).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="discussion">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Discussion.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes orogenes" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="orogenes">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes orogenes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is an undercollected species of cloud forests in Chiapas and Guatemala that is morphologically similar to
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<taxonomicName lsidName="L. manantlanensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="manantlanensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. manantlanensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="L. barbatula" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="barbatula">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. barbatula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, with which it shares slender elongate pedicels and white flowers.
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes orogenes" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="orogenes">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes orogenes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has calyx appendages that are intermediate in length between the two other species, and it lacks the trichomes in the leaf axils that are present in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="L. barbatula" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="barbatula">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. barbatula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Although the mature fruits have been reported in the literature as green (
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<bibRefCitation author="Gentry, Jr JL" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B56" refString="Gentry, Jr JL, Standley, PC, 1974. Flora of Guatemala. Fieldiana: Botany 24 (part 10) no. 1-2. Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago." title="Flora of Guatemala. Fieldiana: Botany 24 (part 10) no. 1 - 2. Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago." year="1974">Gentry and Standley 1974</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/3392962" author="Rodriguez, A" journalOrPublisher="Novon" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="245 - 248" refId="B85" refString="Rodriguez, A, Vargas, O, 2002. Lycianthes manantlanensis (Solanaceae), a new species from Mexico. Novon 12 (2): 245 - 248, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3392962" title="Lycianthes manantlanensis (Solanaceae), a new species from Mexico." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/3392962" volume="12" year="2002">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Rodríguez">Rodriguez</normalizedToken>
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and Vargas 2002
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</bibRefCitation>
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), they are reported as purple on specimen labels, and the immature fruits are green. Specimens of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="L. manantlanensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="manantlanensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. manantlanensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from some areas of Guatemala and El Salvador have sometimes been misidentified as
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<taxonomicName lsidName="L. orogenes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="orogenes">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. orogenes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Representative specimens examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Guatemala. Alta Verapaz</emphasis>
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: San
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Cristóbal">Cristobal</normalizedToken>
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, Finca Pamac II,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="15.3980" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="15.398">15.3980</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="90.5883" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-90.5883">-90.5883</geoCoordinate>
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, 2179 m, 16 Aug 2015,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. Car 35</emphasis>
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(BIGU).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Baja Verapaz</emphasis>
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:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Unión">Union</normalizedToken>
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Barrios, top of hill, W of km 153/154, 16 Aug 1975,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C.L. Lundell 19655</emphasis>
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(LL, F, MO).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chimaltenango</emphasis>
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: lower and middle southwestern slopes of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Volcán">Volcan</normalizedToken>
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Fuego, above Finca Montevideo, along Barranco Espinazo and tributary of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Pantaleón">Pantaleon</normalizedToken>
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, 1200-1600 m, 20 Sep 1942,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J.A. Steyermark 52104</emphasis>
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(US).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mexico. Chiapas</emphasis>
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: 3 km al O de la carretera San
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Cristóbal">Cristobal</normalizedToken>
|
||
de las Casas-Tenejapa, sobre el camino a Matzala, [
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="16.6651" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="16.6651">16.6651</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="92.5487" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-92.5487">-92.5487</geoCoordinate>
|
||
], [2500 m], 29 Sep 1983,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. Cabrera C. 5773</emphasis>
|
||
(MEXU).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |