182 lines
19 KiB
XML
182 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document id="23F1B571D7907F240D2A50693EE611DF" ID-CLB-Dataset="30125" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.755.23939" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7392eb62-5d84-4f6a-8c8a-9f4e351a84a7" ID-PMC="PMC5953965" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-755-1" ID-PubMed="29769836" ID-ZooBank="AADE14787C914355B776C4AEF28347BF" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1313-2970-755-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 755" ModsDocTitle="A revision of the cleptoparasitic bee genus Epeolus Latreille for Nearctic species, north of Mexico (Hymenoptera, Apidae)" checkinTime="1525801749154" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Onuferko, Thomas M." docDate="2018" docId="36A3C68E53523CF3DFB54AA35B40B090" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 755: 1-185" docOrigin="ZooKeys 755" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.755.23939" docTitle="Epeolus ainsliei Crawford 1932" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="11" masterDocId="D91DD51C1718C109FF8EFFA6FFF3FF9F" masterDocTitle="A revision of the cleptoparasitic bee genus Epeolus Latreille for Nearctic species, north of Mexico (Hymenoptera, Apidae)" masterLastPageNumber="185" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="10" updateTime="1701379395747" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="BE8AAE7EBBC48A52EF2018C70CA96055" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="0BE17ABB48BFD238A32130C909181B0F">
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<mods:title id="EF0274440F43F4D98F4744EC6A3B3D8E">A revision of the cleptoparasitic bee genus Epeolus Latreille for Nearctic species, north of Mexico (Hymenoptera, Apidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="5295441108F95ACCBBD3DB9C86E9B0A9" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="BDE4FA0764BCB76C82B277D095CCAACC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="0BF0B53FBD9434884B088006957F00E5">Onuferko, Thomas M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="8D86A7A30E27C94A8F2766861AD6EE7D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="E3ACD985E03967AA7DC650BF59EAEC40">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="94D022AA55C356F0BBC16B0A8D75BE25">
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<mods:date id="BE1CBB39033AC881F5F9BF3B3D40BB9E">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="0701D0ACFE3EB80B312D610811FAC8E0" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="99D07E906884AEDBBB8B8F1AD35C5C40">755</mods:number>
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<mods:extent id="0AEAE1A5E252D0512D22CDB9DD3E1CB4" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="8DEE95B2D1FDA5CFE004328F6D503DF1">1</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="89E7ED56EFB5869E7BFE6ABDAFF80180">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.755.23939</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="C86970CE830460F764A14D50FF560813">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="6AD87D32EA5856F4CE14A9A0C9668573" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.755.23939</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="11C11D4D4B5A99BB2A8F859ED17B5273" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-755-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="36A3C68E53523CF3DFB54AA35B40B090" ID-GBIF-Taxon="143842376" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:36A3C68E53523CF3DFB54AA35B40B090" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/36A3C68E53523CF3DFB54AA35B40B090" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<subSubSection id="6E87E80C50D5F34BE57381446C5147AD" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="4EFF2D301F7AC3A34D997BCC614AD2F4" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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1.
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<taxonomicName id="67EB457C816A0C2DB079F665FE88C98A" ID-CoL="6FNQM" authority="Crawford, 1932" authorityName="Crawford" authorityYear="1932" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Epeolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epeolus ainsliei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ainsliei">Epeolus ainsliei Crawford, 1932</taxonomicName>
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Figs 3A, 4, 5, 95A
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="22FE5E8D7391E68BD38B1DB73F573C54" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="62E2583F70F142C0FC7A1C4864DDDD1B" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<taxonomicName id="7FF471DFC9F8747FB59A823FE6385025" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Epeolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epeolus ainsliei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ainsliei">Epeolus ainsliei</taxonomicName>
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Crawford, 1932. Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. 34: 74 (♀).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="4DF8D44EA4501D507BF744B0BD4E5509" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="98856E8B323129504F438FA18F496E93" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E8EF1060DCE71373F2A590864739CAA7" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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The following morphological features in combination can be used to tell
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<taxonomicName id="2CE232C970A62EE3E58537D95A63FAAD" lsidName="E. ainsliei" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species" species="ainsliei">E. ainsliei</taxonomicName>
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apart from all other North American
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<taxonomicName id="3DDD659EEF727F18E77750BF1E2D22DC" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Epeolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epeolus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Epeolus</taxonomicName>
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: the mandible lacks a preapical angle or tooth and the preoccipital ridge joins the hypostomal carina. In some specimens of
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<taxonomicName id="9A12654F9B5A5380466CCBE4A0662E6B" lsidName="E. scutellaris" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species" species="scutellaris">E. scutellaris</taxonomicName>
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, the preoccipital ridge joins or nearly joins the hypostomal carina, in which case it is separated from the hypostomal carina by less than 1 MOD at its terminal, but the species has a blunt, obtuse preapical tooth on the mandible and the axillae are relatively straight along the medial margin whereas in
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<taxonomicName id="5EF21ED9919ECEBC739FE47A7156F6EF" lsidName="E. ainsliei" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species" species="ainsliei">E. ainsliei</taxonomicName>
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the free portion is distinctly hooked.
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<taxonomicName id="8536124298272ED852DBA0BCCC300656" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Epeolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epeolus ainsliei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ainsliei">Epeolus ainsliei</taxonomicName>
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is also very similar to
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<taxonomicName id="4F3883A54963B11B8ACB58D0DFF43820" lsidName="E. attenboroughi" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species" species="attenboroughi">E. attenboroughi</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="25A1567BD14BF312FBCFDCAE92238E9A" lsidName="E. rufulus" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species" species="rufulus">E. rufulus</taxonomicName>
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, which it resembles in that in all three species the axilla is dilated laterally and the free portion is distinctly hooked, and the T1-T4 apical fasciae are complete; however, in both
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<taxonomicName id="574636F76BDB8121E8052454FA47182D" lsidName="E. attenboroughi" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species" species="attenboroughi">E. attenboroughi</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="8E526AD41A1F8FCDA71FA1F4D28C21E0" lsidName="E. rufulus" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species" species="rufulus">E. rufulus</taxonomicName>
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the mandible has a blunt, obtuse preapical tooth, the mesoscutum lacks the distinct paramedian bands present in
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<taxonomicName id="B1CA5899B4D3DEAF7D172517E46B9616" lsidName="E. ainsliei" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species" species="ainsliei">E. ainsliei</taxonomicName>
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and is instead largely obscured by pale tomentum, and the preoccipital ridge does not join the hypostomal carina.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="2A5F144DC39604276AB07DADB872A672" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<paragraph id="BCBEBCE0161093D7068B897D8E1F713B" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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Figure 4.
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<taxonomicName id="A04D37F2D66D42FC486443FB34C51DE8" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Epeolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epeolus ainsliei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ainsliei">Epeolus ainsliei</taxonomicName>
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A female, lateral habitus (scale bar 3 mm) B female holotype, dorsal habitus (scale bar 3 mm) C male, lateral habitus (scale bar 3 mm), and D female axillae and mesoscutellum, dorsal view (scale bar 0.5 mm; blue lines indicate the posterior extent of the axilla relative to the length of the mesoscutellum; red lines indicate the extent of the free portion of the axilla relative to its entire medial length).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="56031ADE291AE44542DFA571F213F61B" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="redescription">
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<paragraph id="9255D39CA97E3928EF97BB28F09C086B" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Redescription.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6467EBCE5B6D8CCA483DE1A8069A44B6" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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This species was recently redescribed (
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<bibRefCitation id="C397F3B206798F18B31FEB244B6D37F2" author="Onuferko, TM" journalOrPublisher="North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station Technical Bulletin" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" url="https://doi.org/10.3752/cjai.2017.30" year="2017">Onuferko 2017</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C1918D8F173DB636C28BE90D461963BD" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="B3B01EE87D6279704CC9BE7BC9830307" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B2D07F4D53564EE9B5074E999CEA9817" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Great Plains to southwestern Ontario (Fig. 5).</paragraph>
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<caption id="F69431B924B8C92E8A3A7439658540E3" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<paragraph id="D125F584E87D7192E0F32F6986630EB7" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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Figure 5. Approximate geographic range of
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<taxonomicName id="505CBBED03BF3C690D2BB62BEB78DE39" lsidName="E. ainsliei" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species" species="ainsliei">E. ainsliei</taxonomicName>
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(orange) based on occurrence records known to the author (yellow circles).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="7980B0262CD5EB29C1A71DD906C17471" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="ecology">
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<paragraph id="9EADA96C627E345E0767DE8000626A1F" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Ecology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EA71401277ADE3A8D6B8A7B0088D3F9D" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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HOST RECORDS:
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<taxonomicName id="B11B1B425F2F63FD70D8240BF21CE5E2" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Epeolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epeolus ainsliei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ainsliei">Epeolus ainsliei</taxonomicName>
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has been collected with possible host species
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<taxonomicName id="F3019E22F0D02B0B7CE3294A1B90AB83" class="Insecta" family="Colletidae" genus="Colletes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Colletes susannae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="susannae">Colletes susannae</taxonomicName>
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Swenk in Birds Hill Provincial Park (
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<bibRefCitation id="DCAA2B871DB61090630BB1F027F1E627" author="Gibbs, J" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="166" pageNumber="167" pagination="1 - 160" title="The bees of Michigan (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), with notes on distribution, taxonomy, pollination, and natural history." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4352.1.1" volume="4352" year="2017">Gibbs et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
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) and Spruce Woods Provincial Park (J. Gibbs, personal communication, 2017), Manitoba, Canada and Spring Green Preserve in Sauk County, Wisconsin, USA (
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<bibRefCitation id="105BF498B20C088133706DAB6C3D9C15" author="Wolf, AT" journalOrPublisher="Great Lakes Entomologist" pageId="169" pageNumber="170" pagination="129 - 168" title="Bees of Wisconsin (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila)." volume="41" year="2009">Wolf and Ascher 2009</bibRefCitation>
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). In all cases at least one other species of
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<taxonomicName id="C8FAAA31451F4BC14294C410B08DEDD2" class="Insecta" family="Colletidae" genus="Colletes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Colletes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Colletes</taxonomicName>
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was observed at the same locality and time as
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<taxonomicName id="DBDC4E1CCEA74F43F872A318EF5671EC" lsidName="C. susannae" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species" species="susannae">C. susannae</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="A125489E998F39F7667FCF58D612ED95" lsidName="E. ainsliei" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species" species="ainsliei">E. ainsliei</taxonomicName>
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, but observations of other
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<taxonomicName id="1459F5BB145049FC7C1A01741E589683" class="Insecta" family="Colletidae" genus="Colletes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Colletes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Colletes</taxonomicName>
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were limited to one or two localities.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="64873EB4121F799685297C6FAD6033E6" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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FLORAL RECORDS: Labels of examined voucher specimens indicate floral associations with
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<taxonomicName id="39F59312CE99E0407A9155A47B18B0DE" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Dalea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dalea purpurea" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="purpurea">Dalea purpurea</taxonomicName>
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Vent. (
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<taxonomicName id="693BCA4FBC8A19C58F1B5EBBCE21BB46" family="Leguminosae" lsidName="Thalestriina" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="family">Leguminosae</taxonomicName>
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) and
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<taxonomicName id="08926965E8F8EDC46BCC943871F281D7" lsidName="D. villosa" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species" species="villosa">D. villosa</taxonomicName>
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(Nutt.) Spreng.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A9D9E3AE104FDDDBA850B7D7703928CE" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="EB8C260605D8B5121C245A2CDF5C960B" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Discussion.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D295C6B1DF5B6C674AB714ADA789D9B4" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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Detailed morphological and taxonomic remarks about this species are given in
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<bibRefCitation id="D09FAAB38E53324013A5C001ACA4C4AD" author="Onuferko, TM" journalOrPublisher="North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station Technical Bulletin" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" url="https://doi.org/10.3752/cjai.2017.30" year="2017">Onuferko (2017)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B76A2F02B05EDFD0CE17DF5C675378B0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="6233AD09E5C7F3C4D9C2272FC2C41DC6" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<pageBreakToken id="C7905EB923C9D1BEB2DB41E238A7230F" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" start="start">Material</pageBreakToken>
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studied.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="78BDAF32578323B22E037FA7205F87E6" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Type material. Primary: USA: Iowa: Sioux City, 15.vii.1922, C.N. Ainslie (holotype ♀ [USNM, catalog number: 534035]).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D36244FFEE9F7A07C1235E626661EA4D" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="6AC852E51AAE879CFE3B169E20CC57BA" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">DNA barcoded material with BIN-compliant sequences.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6D86FC46E43D968FA52D9A9FB6341D2F" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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Available. BOLD:ACZ1957. Specimens examined and sequenced. Canada: Manitoba: 1♀ (PCYU); Birds Hill Provincial Park (
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<geoCoordinate id="76A2EF95BF276E43DC91FB598A4BE474" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="50.019">50.0190°N</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<geoCoordinate id="22BCE4E65A218116B850F3428475304C" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-96.882">96.8820°W</geoCoordinate>
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) (Division 12), 05.viii.2017, J. Gibbs and Nozoe (1♀, JBWM); Ontario: Rondeau Provincial Park (
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<geoCoordinate id="834E834C2A5BA241143192A6DA8EF34F" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="42.2814">42.2814°N</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<geoCoordinate id="7DBE56B81CFFE76F9CAB0C8883AEB755" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-81.8427">81.8427°W</geoCoordinate>
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) (Beach Access #10, near Visitor Centre), 08.viii.2017, R. Ferrari (1♂, PCYU).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CCFF8CD75BDDAE39AFC3400131290C5C" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="34DC1869AAD1642FA997835C2A597CF7" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Non-barcoded material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6EB183CB96F8B3AC676165EE94134A79" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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Canada: Alberta: 10♀, 1♂ (BBSL, CNC); Manitoba: Yellow Quill Mixed Grass Prairie Preserve (
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<geoCoordinate id="A6034B5F5C821EC90676A96D46D0F51C" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="49.6911">49.6911°N</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<geoCoordinate id="F8006EF7BEA419D8B68469BA2715E8F6" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-99.5747">99.5747°W</geoCoordinate>
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) (near Treesbank), 17.vii.2006, A.M. Patenaude (1♀, JBWM); Bald Head Hills (Spruce Woods Provincial Park), 01.viii.1983, W.E. Ralley (1♀, JBWM); Birds Hill Provincial Park (
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<geoCoordinate id="E75AAF82FC2DBB439AE9442F9C3230CA" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="50.01">50.0100°N</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<geoCoordinate id="4ABD24A98757245659C42D6C0C1A306F" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-96.91">96.9100°W</geoCoordinate>
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) (Division 12), 15.vii.2017, J. Gibbs and Nozoe (1♂, JBWM); Birds Hill Provincial Park (
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<geoCoordinate id="E79AB0B815ED9F673B1155923AD47953" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="50.0115">50.0115°N</geoCoordinate>
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;
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|
<geoCoordinate id="A356061D34232409726F48F3A58DB27C" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-96.9065">96.9065°W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
) (Division 12), 05.viii.2017, J. Gibbs and Nozoe (2♀, JBWM).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AAA9383A7F7A7A72E1CC264A6C60358B" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">USA: Colorado: Longmont (Boulder County), 21.vii.1936, R. Bauer (1♂, CUM); Roggen, 08.vii.1933, M. and H. James and L. Ireland (1♂, CUM); Iowa: 1♀ (AMNH); Michigan: Edwin S. George Reserve (Livingston County), 12.viii.1960, U.N. Lanham (1♀, CUM); Minnesota: 1♀ (EMEC); Nebraska: 1♀ (AMNH); North Dakota: 7♀, 3♂ (AMNH, EMEC); Texas: 3♀, 2♂ (AMNH, CAS, CTMI); Wyoming: 1♀ (USNM).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |