plazi/treatments-xml
2
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull requests Releases Activity
treatments-xml/data/03/E1/87/03E187F93472FFC2FCC9FC20FE85FE8F.xml
maintenance bc2564723d added 03
2024-06-21 12:22:17 +02:00

288 lines
34 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="45FEC7E3C65F999A27A21C3B214665B4" ID-CLB-Dataset="95356" ID-DOI="10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.3.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="218d1022-8fe6-4773-8f0a-ea58026eb6c9" ID-ISSN="2624-2834" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6820816" ID-ZooBank="007E1D78-1B93-44F6-B2ED-C3E9F93CFEAB" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1657610166991" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="LIU, XING-YUE, CHEN, ZU-LUAN &amp; ZHUO, DE" docDate="2022" docId="03E187F93472FFC2FCC9FC20FE85FE8F" docLanguage="en" docName="palaeoentomology.5.3.4.pdf" docOrigin="Palaeoentomology 5 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.3.4" docStyle="DocumentStyle:4EE6FD780FF4521D541D0D0600705D0E.4:Palaeoentomology.2018-.journal_article" docStyleId="4EE6FD780FF4521D541D0D0600705D0E" docStyleName="Palaeoentomology.2018-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Cretoneuronema LIU &amp; CHEN &amp; ZHUO 2022, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="228" masterDocId="FFD8FF813473FFC1FFE3FFCAFFAFFFAB" masterDocTitle="Cretoneuronema gen. nov. (Neuroptera: Hemerobiidae), a new brown lacewing genus from the mid-Cretaceous Kachin amber" masterLastPageNumber="232" masterPageNumber="226" pageNumber="227" updateTime="1699358415077" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="EC56F1A6B6B37AC989B8A04EF70E04BD" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="C4E7D03CE04C113E2520E6F251FAA502">
<mods:title id="630A46DC8BF4C0381E783E822581DA2C">Cretoneuronema gen. nov. (Neuroptera: Hemerobiidae), a new brown lacewing genus from the mid-Cretaceous Kachin amber</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="C1267C76AFE0B1F2FEDAA46C48466226" type="personal">
<mods:role id="88706AED125523FA1A636CEAA96DC0A0">
<mods:roleTerm id="C611E8544CFE334C09E7F831E698C0CD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="3DF5025A100BCED8EA5A74CB40D40495">LIU, XING-YUE</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="91CAAD2A145DE2653E732C0DC2D0A7CA" type="personal">
<mods:role id="00E0D871045B5EF68172BAF687278534">
<mods:roleTerm id="9C02F64C43498111B434E6DD719BDA6E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="667CE14DE31B98AB6FEE72BA5A83DEE8">CHEN, ZU-LUAN</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="03D3D7DC4931A187543376F49FD2619A" type="personal">
<mods:role id="3FF0F4A6FA7C2E45F82942F84B71A828">
<mods:roleTerm id="F5C624DCC7E78384E108BD1482DD9986">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="96AE1E721C1443C162578A43C030B573">ZHUO, DE</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="DAFC41A37BB8B7DEB66E04F8691C7935">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="F294A2656235937A10372F12B4789988" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="E279AF9E84390F89E14258767353E8A4">
<mods:title id="9AA40F372A7A58C9119929103ECDD6C6">Palaeoentomology</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="B5954F66C6DF9B1370E41A2FC0153AA9">
<mods:date id="C16CFEC81EA4659B3AD93076444E76CC">2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="688E962B6459BF9722FEF4DD923F1F88" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="CE07601564B707F9FE34407E040EFD42">2022-06-23</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="F843337479B2A619CAA86C273B6AA53C" type="volume">
<mods:number id="32C967FF4F56A4888900D9E762E6EADF">5</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="E60DE431A62F8A6613FA9C18D3661A72" type="issue">
<mods:number id="828D85EA276C2AF8E5CE329320DB459F">3</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="C2C270210EF6AE5784FCF41D05BFE93A" unit="page">
<mods:start id="B5A8F92DE816C96A246CBF2F60FBDB2B">226</mods:start>
<mods:end id="B9D80E90D97DF696DCF8FAA27E3BBE6C">232</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="CF7FE45505C783CAC8CDC3FA2CC4327A">
<mods:url id="6DABAF6055B475D03338663BBD6592BC">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.3.4</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="55BDFB4199C4941A01D3D998DC0C61A1">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="B5ECE57350F86B5C761F19635E166A8E" type="CLB-Dataset">95356</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="4A38290E8ACFB8B768FE92FE8A703CDC" type="DOI">10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.3.4</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="11306F5B4ACD7A532BAACDD01508E171" type="GBIF-Dataset">218d1022-8fe6-4773-8f0a-ea58026eb6c9</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="986DCAD38C25D58C4C02B16B034593C5" type="ISSN">2624-2834</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="DAA39B6A84541E27945B7C5FF366D652" type="Zenodo-Dep">6820816</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="27A95C3F0BBA8D3AC1379381CD0F71C5" type="ZooBank">007E1D78-1B93-44F6-B2ED-C3E9F93CFEAB</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03E187F93472FFC2FCC9FC20FE85FE8F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6820820" ID-GBIF-Taxon="197516746" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6820820" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E187F93472FFC2FCC9FC20FE85FE8F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E187F93472FFC2FCC9FC20FE85FE8F" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="228" pageId="1" pageNumber="227">
<subSubSection id="C35265643472FFC0FCC9FC20FBF1FBAF" box="[810,1118,1002,1028]" pageId="1" pageNumber="227" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BF736EF3472FFC0FCC9FC20FBF1FBAF" blockId="1.[810,1118,1002,1065]" box="[810,1118,1002,1028]" pageId="1" pageNumber="227">
<heading id="D0BF81833472FFC0FCC9FC20FBF1FBAF" bold="true" box="[810,1118,1002,1028]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="227" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3472FFC0FCC9FC20FBF1FBAF" bold="true" box="[810,1118,1002,1028]" pageId="1" pageNumber="227">
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6C3472FFC0FCC9FC20FC41FBAF" authority="LIU &amp; CHEN &amp; ZHUO, 2022" authorityName="LIU &amp; CHEN &amp; ZHUO" authorityYear="2022" box="[810,1006,1002,1028]" class="Insecta" family="Hemerobiidae" genus="Cretoneuronema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3472FFC0FCC9FC20FC41FBAF" bold="true" box="[810,1006,1002,1028]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="227">Cretoneuronema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20F57863472FFC0FC16FC20FBF1FBAF" box="[1013,1118,1002,1028]" pageId="1" pageNumber="227" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35265643472FFC0FCC9FBC4FC32FB82" box="[810,925,1038,1065]" pageId="1" pageNumber="227" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF736EF3472FFC0FCC9FBC4FC32FB82" blockId="1.[810,1118,1002,1065]" box="[810,925,1038,1065]" pageId="1" pageNumber="227">
(
<figureCitation id="13732A6A3472FFC0FCD1FBC4FC3BFB82" box="[818,916,1038,1065]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="1.[136,235,2003,2027]" captionStartId-1="2.[136,235,1062,1086]" captionStartId-2="3.[136,235,2002,2026]" captionTargetBox-0="[163,1422,1421,1969]" captionTargetBox-1="[160,1427,197,1028]" captionTargetBox-2="[323,1267,815,1963]" captionTargetId-0="figure-471@1.[151,1436,1411,1979]" captionTargetId-1="figure-424@2.[151,1436,189,1039]" captionTargetId-2="figure-270@3.[280,1308,800,1979]" captionTargetPageId-0="1" captionTargetPageId-1="2" captionTargetPageId-2="3" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Cretoneuronema jarzembowskii gen. et sp. nov., holotype BXAM BA-NEU-010. Photographs of habitus. A, Dorsal view. B, Ventral view. Scale bars = 1.0 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Cretoneuronema jarzembowskii gen. et sp. nov., holotype BXAM BA-NEU-010. Photographs. A, Antero-distal parts of right fore- and hind wings, showing fusion between ScP and RA (indicated by arrows). B, Basal part of right hind wing. C, Basal fork of forewing MP, showing closely spaced crossveins (indicated by arrows). D, Right protibia. E, Left protibia. F, Left mesotibia. G, Left protarsus. ts, tibial spur. Scale bars = 1.0 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C–G)." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Cretoneuronema jarzembowskii gen. et sp. nov., holotype BXAM BA-NEU-010, drawings of wing venation. A, Right forewing. B, Right hind wing. Scale bars = 1.0 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6820818" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6820822" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6820826" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/6820818/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/6820822/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/6820826/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="227">Figs 1–3</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35265643472FFC0FCC9FB9DFA3EFBDA" box="[810,1425,1111,1138]" pageId="1" pageNumber="227" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="8BF736EF3472FFC0FCC9FB9DFA3EFBDA" blockId="1.[810,1452,1111,1392]" box="[810,1425,1111,1138]" pageId="1" pageNumber="227">
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3472FFC0FCC9FB9DFC6AFBDA" bold="true" box="[810,965,1111,1137]" pageId="1" pageNumber="227">
<typeStatus id="54F3884D3472FFC0FCC9FB9DFCCAFBDA" box="[810,869,1111,1137]" pageId="1" pageNumber="227">Type</typeStatus>
species.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6C3472FFC0FC2FFB92FA9FFBDA" authority="LIU &amp; CHEN &amp; ZHUO, 2022" authorityName="LIU &amp; CHEN &amp; ZHUO" authorityYear="2022" box="[972,1328,1111,1138]" class="Insecta" family="Hemerobiidae" genus="Cretoneuronema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jarzembowskii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3472FFC0FC2FFB92FA9FFBDA" box="[972,1328,1111,1138]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="227">Cretoneuronema jarzembowskii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3472FFC0FAD4FB9DFA3EFBDA" bold="true" box="[1335,1425,1111,1137]" pageId="1" pageNumber="227">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20F57863472FFC0FAD4FB9DFA3EFBDA" box="[1335,1425,1111,1137]" pageId="1" pageNumber="227" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35265643472FFC0FCBCFBB6FA92FA83" pageId="1" pageNumber="227" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BF736EF3472FFC0FCBCFBB6FA92FA83" blockId="1.[810,1452,1111,1392]" pageId="1" pageNumber="227">
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3472FFC0FCBCFBB6FC49FB3D" bold="true" box="[863,998,1148,1174]" pageId="1" pageNumber="227">Etymology.</emphasis>
The generic epithet
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6C3472FFC0FB13FBB6FA03FB3D" authorityName="LIU &amp; CHEN &amp; ZHUO" authorityYear="2022" box="[1264,1452,1148,1174]" class="Insecta" family="Hemerobiidae" genus="Cretoneuronema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3472FFC0FB13FBB6FA03FB3D" box="[1264,1452,1148,1174]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="227">Cretoneuronema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a combination of
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3472FFC0FBCFFB6AFBC4FB11" box="[1068,1131,1184,1210]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="227">Creta</emphasis>
- (from “Cretaceous”) and
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6C3472FFC0FCC9FB0FFC03FB75" authorityName="McLachlan" authorityYear="1869" box="[810,940,1221,1246]" class="Insecta" family="Hemerobiidae" genus="Neuronema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3472FFC0FCC9FB0FFC03FB75" box="[810,940,1221,1246]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="227">Neuronema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(a genus-group name of
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6C3472FFC0FB38FB0EFAD1FB75" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[1243,1406,1220,1246]" class="Insecta" family="Hemerobiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Hemerobiidae</taxonomicName>
), in reference to the Cretaceous occurrence of the new genus and its morphological similarity to
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6C3472FFC0FB57FAC4FA99FA8C" authorityName="McLachlan" authorityYear="1869" box="[1204,1334,1294,1319]" class="Insecta" family="Hemerobiidae" genus="Neuronema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3472FFC0FB57FAC4FA99FA8C" box="[1204,1334,1294,1319]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="227">Neuronema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35265643472FFC3FCBCFAFBFD56F93D" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="228" pageId="1" pageNumber="227" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BF736EF3472FFC3FCBCFAFBFD56F93D" blockId="1.[810,1452,1111,1392]" lastBlockId="2.[136,778,1254,2093]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="228" pageId="1" pageNumber="227">
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3472FFC0FCBCFAFBFC76FAE0" bold="true" box="[863,985,1329,1355]" pageId="1" pageNumber="227">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Forewing broadly ovoid; ScP and RA distally fused; two subcostal crossveins; RP and MA separately diverging from R, and closely spaced with each other, nearly at same level with 1scp-r; three radial crossveins, basal one nearly at same level with 2scp-r; MA pectinate, with anteriorly directed branches; CuP deeply forked; two gradate series of crossveins (
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3471FFC3FD5BFAB1FD6FFA3F" box="[696,704,1403,1428]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="228">i</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3471FFC3FD24FAB1FD7CFA3F" box="[711,723,1403,1428]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="228">e</emphasis>
., 3ir and 4ir); crossveins proximad of inner gradate series (including pre-3ir1) present; crossveins between branches of CuA continuous with outer gradate series. Hind wing: ScP and RA distally fused; sinuate stem of MA entering RP distinctly distad origin of RP1; CuP present; two short gradate series of crossveins present respectively between branches of RP and branches of RP, MA, MP, and CuA.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF3766673472FFC0FF6BF819FDEBF7A5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6820818" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6820818" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6820818/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="227" startId="1.[136,235,2003,2027]" targetBox="[163,1422,1421,1969]" targetPageId="1">
<paragraph id="8BF736EF3472FFC0FF6BF819FDEBF7A5" blockId="1.[136,1452,2003,2063]" pageId="1" pageNumber="227">
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3472FFC0FF6BF819FEAAF840" bold="true" box="[136,261,2003,2027]" pageId="1" pageNumber="227">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6C3472FFC0FEE8F819FDE1F840" authority="LIU &amp; CHEN &amp; ZHUO, 2022" authorityName="LIU &amp; CHEN &amp; ZHUO" authorityYear="2022" box="[267,590,2003,2027]" class="Insecta" family="Hemerobiidae" genus="Cretoneuronema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jarzembowskii" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3472FFC0FEE8F819FDE1F840" box="[267,590,2003,2027]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="227">Cretoneuronema jarzembowskii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3472FFC0FDB6F819FD5BF840" bold="true" box="[597,756,2003,2027]" pageId="1" pageNumber="227">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20F57863472FFC0FDB6F819FD5BF840" box="[597,756,2003,2027]" pageId="1" pageNumber="227" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype BXAM BA-NEU-010. Photographs of habitus.
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3472FFC0FAABF819FAF5F840" bold="true" box="[1352,1370,2003,2027]" pageId="1" pageNumber="227">A</emphasis>
, Dorsal view.
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3472FFC0FF27F83DFF7AF7A4" bold="true" box="[196,213,2039,2063]" pageId="1" pageNumber="227">B</emphasis>
, Ventral view. Scale bars = 1.0 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF3766673471FFC3FF6BFBECFBADFB00" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6820822" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6820822" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6820822/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="228" startId="2.[136,235,1062,1086]" targetBox="[160,1427,197,1028]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="8BF736EF3471FFC3FF6BFBECFBADFB00" blockId="2.[136,1451,1062,1195]" pageId="2" pageNumber="228">
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3471FFC3FF6BFBECFEABFB95" bold="true" box="[136,260,1062,1086]" pageId="2" pageNumber="228">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6C3471FFC3FEE9FBEDFDE4FB95" authority="LIU &amp; CHEN &amp; ZHUO, 2022" authorityName="LIU &amp; CHEN &amp; ZHUO" authorityYear="2022" box="[266,587,1062,1086]" class="Insecta" family="Hemerobiidae" genus="Cretoneuronema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jarzembowskii" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3471FFC3FEE9FBEDFDE4FB95" box="[266,587,1062,1086]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="228">Cretoneuronema jarzembowskii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3471FFC3FDB1FBEDFD41FB94" bold="true" box="[594,750,1063,1087]" pageId="2" pageNumber="228">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20F57863471FFC3FDB1FBEDFD41FB94" box="[594,750,1063,1087]" pageId="2" pageNumber="228" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype BXAM BA-NEU-010. Photographs.
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3471FFC3FB32FBECFB4CFB95" bold="true" box="[1233,1251,1062,1086]" pageId="2" pageNumber="228">A</emphasis>
, Antero-distal parts of right fore- and hind wings, showing fusion between ScP and RA (indicated by arrows).
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3471FFC3FBD4FB81FBE7FBC8" bold="true" box="[1079,1096,1099,1123]" pageId="2" pageNumber="228">B</emphasis>
, Basal part of right hind wing.
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3471FFC3FA70FB80FA0AFBC9" bold="true" box="[1427,1445,1098,1122]" pageId="2" pageNumber="228">C</emphasis>
, Basal fork of forewing MP, showing closely spaced crossveins (indicated by arrows).
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3471FFC3FC18FBA5FBA2FB2C" bold="true" box="[1019,1037,1135,1159]" pageId="2" pageNumber="228">D</emphasis>
, Right protibia.
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3471FFC3FB54FBA5FB67FB2C" bold="true" box="[1207,1224,1135,1159]" pageId="2" pageNumber="228">E</emphasis>
, Left protibia.
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3471FFC3FA87FBA5FADCFB2C" bold="true" box="[1380,1395,1135,1159]" pageId="2" pageNumber="228">F</emphasis>
, Left mesotibia.
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3471FFC3FF14FB58FEA4FB01" bold="true" box="[247,267,1170,1194]" pageId="2" pageNumber="228">G</emphasis>
, Left protarsus. ts, tibial spur. Scale bars = 1.0 mm (
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3471FFC3FCFCFB58FC9EFB01" bold="true" box="[799,817,1170,1194]" pageId="2" pageNumber="228">A</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3471FFC3FCDDFB59FCE0FB00" bold="true" box="[830,847,1171,1195]" pageId="2" pageNumber="228">B</emphasis>
); 0.5 mm (
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3471FFC3FC22FB58FC5BFB01" bold="true" box="[961,1012,1170,1194]" pageId="2" pageNumber="228">C–G</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C35265643471FFC2FF5EF96BFE85FE8F" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="229" pageId="2" pageNumber="228" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BF736EF3471FFC2FF5EF96BFE85FE8F" blockId="2.[136,778,1254,2093]" lastBlockId="3.[136,778,158,292]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="229" pageId="2" pageNumber="228">
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3471FFC3FF5EF96BFE9EF910" bold="true" box="[189,305,1697,1723]" pageId="2" pageNumber="228">Remarks.</emphasis>
Among the fossil genera of brown lacewings, the new genus appears to be closely related to
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6C3471FFC3FF45F921FEE0F8AE" authorityName="Panfilov" authorityYear="1980" box="[166,335,1771,1797]" class="Insecta" family="Hemerobiidae" genus="Promegalomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3471FFC3FF45F921FEE0F8AE" box="[166,335,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="228">Promegalomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Late Jurassic,
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6C3471FFC3FD87F921FCA5F8AE" authorityName="Ponomarenko" authorityYear="1992" box="[612,778,1771,1797]" class="Insecta" family="Hemerobiidae" genus="Cretomerobius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3471FFC3FD87F921FCA5F8AE" box="[612,778,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="228">Cretomerobius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Early Cretaceous and Eocene, and
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6C3471FFC3FD87F8DBFCA5F881" authorityName="Makarkin, Wedmann &amp; Weiterschan" authorityYear="2016" box="[612,778,1809,1834]" class="Insecta" family="Hemerobiidae" genus="Proneuronema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3471FFC3FD87F8DBFCA5F881" box="[612,778,1809,1834]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="228">Proneuronema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Eocene by the characteristic forewing MA (= ORB1), which is pectinate with anteriorly directed branches, the deeply forked forewing CuP, and the presence of complete outer gradate series in the forewing. Moreover, the combination of these characters is also shared by several extant genera, which is named the
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6C3471FFC3FF6BF7D8FEA4F787" box="[136,267,2066,2092]" class="Insecta" family="Hemerobiidae" genus="Megalomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3471FFC3FF6BF7D8FEA4F787" box="[136,267,2066,2092]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="228">Megalomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-like genus-group by
<bibRefCitation id="EFD94B1E3471FFC3FDE3F7D8FCAAF787" author="Makarkin, V. N. &amp; Wedmann, S. &amp; Weiterschan, T." box="[512,773,2066,2092]" pageId="2" pageNumber="228" pagination="345 - 370" refId="ref4419" refString="Makarkin, V. N., Wedmann, S. &amp; Weiterschan, T. (2016) A new genus of Hemerobiidae (Neuroptera) from Baltic amber, with a critical review of the Cenozoic Megalomus - like taxa and remarks on the wing venation variability of the family. Zootaxa, 4179 (3), 345 - 370. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4179.3.2" type="journal article" year="2016">
Makarkin
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3471FFC3FD95F7D9FD1FF787" box="[630,688,2066,2092]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="228">et al.</emphasis>
(2016)
</bibRefCitation>
, including
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6C3471FFC3FC7DFB2DFB7BFAAB" authority="Tillyard, 1916" authorityName="Tillyard" authorityYear="1916" box="[926,1236,1254,1280]" class="Insecta" family="Hemerobiidae" genus="Drepanacra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3471FFC3FC7DFB2DFB89FAAB" box="[926,1062,1255,1280]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="228">Drepanacra</emphasis>
Tillyard, 1916
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6C3471FFC3FB01FB2CFB8EFA8D" authority="Esben-Petersen, 1935" authorityName="Esben-Petersen" authorityYear="1935" class="Insecta" family="Hemerobiidae" genus="Austromegalomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3471FFC3FB01FB2CFA04FAAB" box="[1250,1451,1254,1280]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="228">Austromegalomus</emphasis>
Esben-Petersen, 1935
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6C3471FFC3FBCDFAC1FA08FA8D" authority="Handschin, 1955" authorityName="Handschin" authorityYear="1955" box="[1070,1447,1291,1318]" class="Insecta" family="Hemerobiidae" genus="Conchopterella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3471FFC3FBCDFAC1FB74FA8E" box="[1070,1243,1291,1317]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="228">Conchopterella</emphasis>
Handschin, 1955
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6C3471FFC3FC83FAFBFB6FFAE1" authority="McLachlan, 1869" authorityName="McLachlan" authorityYear="1869" box="[864,1216,1328,1354]" class="Insecta" family="Hemerobiidae" genus="Neuronema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3471FFC3FC83FAFBFC4DFAE1" box="[864,994,1329,1354]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="228">Neuronema</emphasis>
McLachlan, 1869
</taxonomicName>
. However, the new genus clearly differs from all these extant genera by the distal fusion of ScP and RA in both fore- and hind wings, and the presence of only two forewing ORB (
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3471FFC3FA61FA6AFA25FA12" box="[1410,1418,1440,1465]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="228">i</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3471FFC3FA72FA6AFA32FA12" box="[1425,1437,1440,1465]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="228">e</emphasis>
., RP and MA) separated from R near wing base. By these two characters,
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6C3471FFC3FC07FA23FB0FF9A8" authority="LIU &amp; CHEN &amp; ZHUO, 2022" authorityName="LIU &amp; CHEN &amp; ZHUO" authorityYear="2022" box="[996,1184,1513,1539]" class="Insecta" family="Hemerobiidae" genus="Cretoneuronema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3471FFC3FC07FA23FB0FF9A8" box="[996,1184,1513,1539]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="228">Cretoneuronema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3471FFC3FB48FA23FAB6F9A8" bold="true" box="[1195,1305,1513,1539]" pageId="2" pageNumber="228">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20F57863471FFC3FB48FA23FAB6F9A8" box="[1195,1305,1513,1539]" pageId="2" pageNumber="228" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
can be also distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6C3471FFC3FBEDF9C7FB18F98C" authorityName="Panfilov" authorityYear="1980" box="[1038,1207,1549,1575]" class="Insecta" family="Hemerobiidae" genus="Promegalomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3471FFC3FBEDF9C7FB18F98C" box="[1038,1207,1549,1575]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="228">Promegalomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6C3471FFC3FB29F9C4FADFF98C" authorityName="Makarkin, Wedmann &amp; Weiterschan" authorityYear="2016" box="[1226,1392,1550,1575]" class="Insecta" family="Hemerobiidae" genus="Proneuronema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3471FFC3FB29F9C4FADFF98C" box="[1226,1392,1550,1575]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="228">Proneuronema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6C3471FFC3FCC9F9F8FC7FF9E7" authorityName="Ponomarenko" authorityYear="1992" box="[810,976,1586,1612]" class="Insecta" family="Hemerobiidae" genus="Cretomerobius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3471FFC3FCC9F9F8FC7FF9E7" box="[810,976,1586,1612]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="228">Cretomerobius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, in which the distal parts of forewing ScP and RA appears to be not fused (present in
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6C3471FFC3FB1FF99DFA0AF9DA" authorityName="Panfilov" authorityYear="1980" box="[1276,1445,1623,1649]" class="Insecta" family="Hemerobiidae" genus="Promegalomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3471FFC3FB1FF99DFA0AF9DA" box="[1276,1445,1623,1649]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="228">Promegalomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6C3471FFC3FCC9F9B7FC7FF93D" authorityName="Makarkin, Wedmann &amp; Weiterschan" authorityYear="2016" box="[810,976,1661,1686]" class="Insecta" family="Hemerobiidae" genus="Proneuronema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3471FFC3FCC9F9B7FC7FF93D" box="[810,976,1661,1686]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="228">Proneuronema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6C3471FFC3FBCBF9B6FB3DF910" authority="Makarkin, Archibald &amp; Oswald, 1993 a" authorityName="Makarkin, Archibald &amp; Oswald" authorityYear="1993" class="Insecta" family="Hemerobiidae" genus="Cretomerobius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wehri">
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3471FFC3FBCBF9B6FA8CF93D" box="[1064,1315,1660,1686]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="228">Cretomerobius wehri</emphasis>
Makarkin, Archibald &amp;
<bibRefCitation id="EFD94B1E3471FFC3FC3AF96BFB3DF910" author="Oswald, J. D." box="[985,1170,1697,1723]" pageId="2" pageNumber="228" pagination="143 - 299" refId="ref4495" refString="Oswald, J. D. (1993 a) Revision and cladistic analysis of the world genera of the family Hemerobiidae (Insecta: Neuroptera). Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 101, 143 - 299." type="journal article" year="1993">Oswald, 1993a</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
), the separating point of forewing RP (ORB2) is nearly at middle of wing, distinctly apart from the separating point of MA (ORB1) (present in
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6C3471FFC3FC53F8DAFBF6F881" authorityName="Panfilov" authorityYear="1980" box="[944,1113,1808,1834]" class="Insecta" family="Hemerobiidae" genus="Promegalomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3471FFC3FC53F8DAFBF6F881" box="[944,1113,1808,1834]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="228">Promegalomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and the forewing ORB3 is developed (present in
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6C3471FFC3FBFFF8FCFB6DF8E4" authorityName="Makarkin, Wedmann &amp; Weiterschan" authorityYear="2016" box="[1052,1218,1846,1871]" class="Insecta" family="Hemerobiidae" genus="Proneuronema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3471FFC3FBFFF8FCFB6DF8E4" box="[1052,1218,1846,1871]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="228">Proneuronema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6C3471FFC3FB16F8FFFA34F8E4" authorityName="Ponomarenko" authorityYear="1992" box="[1269,1435,1845,1871]" class="Insecta" family="Hemerobiidae" genus="Cretomerobius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3471FFC3FB16F8FFFA34F8E4" box="[1269,1435,1845,1871]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="228">Cretomerobius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). The new genus differs from other two extinct genera from the Cretaceous,
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3471FFC3FC08F8B5FC5CF833" box="[1003,1011,1919,1944]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="228">i</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3471FFC3FC1AF8B5FBAAF833" box="[1017,1029,1919,1944]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="228">e</emphasis>
.,
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6C3471FFC3FBC1F8B5FADAF832" authority="Makarkin, 1994" authorityName="Makarkin" authorityYear="1994" box="[1058,1397,1919,1945]" class="Insecta" family="Berothidae" genus="Plesiorobius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3471FFC3FBC1F8B5FB00F832" box="[1058,1199,1919,1945]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="228">Plesiorobius</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD94B1E3471FFC3FB5FF8B5FADAF832" author="Makarkin, V. N." box="[1212,1397,1919,1945]" pageId="2" pageNumber="228" pagination="283 - 292" refId="ref4320" refString="Makarkin, V. N. (1994) Upper Cretaceous Neuroptera from Russia and Kazakhstan. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, (N. S.), 30, 283 - 292." type="journal article" year="1994">Makarkin, 1994</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6C3471FFC3FCC9F86EFB55F815" authority="Makarkin &amp; Grohn, 2020" authorityName="Makarkin &amp; Grohn" authorityYear="2020" box="[810,1274,1956,1982]" class="Insecta" family="Hemerobiidae" genus="Hemeroberotha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3471FFC3FCC9F86EFC76F815" box="[810,985,1956,1982]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="228">Hemeroberotha</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD94B1E3471FFC3FC3CF86EFB55F815" author="Makarkin, V. N. &amp; Grohn, C." box="[991,1274,1956,1982]" pageId="2" pageNumber="228" pagination="104206" refId="ref4273" refString="Makarkin, V. N. &amp; Grohn, C. (2020) The first unusual Hemerobiidae (Neuroptera) from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber. Cretaceous Research, 106, 104206. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cretres. 2019.104206" type="journal article" year="2020">Makarkin &amp; Gröhn, 2020</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
by the presence of separate origins of forewing RP and MA from R (= presence of two ORBs), while the latter two genera have a single stem of RP+MA; and it differs from the Cretaceous genus
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6C3470FFC2FF31FF54FCA5FF13" authority="Jepson, Makarkin &amp; Coram, 2012" authorityName="Jepson, Makarkin &amp; Coram" authorityYear="2012" box="[210,778,158,185]" class="Insecta" family="Hemerobiidae" genus="Purbemerobius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="229" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93CEAFD3470FFC2FF31FF54FED1FF13" box="[210,382,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="229">Purbemerobius</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD94B1E3470FFC2FE65FF55FCA5FF13" author="Jepson, J. E. &amp; Makarkin, V. N. &amp; Coram, R. A." box="[390,778,158,185]" pageId="3" pageNumber="229" pagination="31 - 47" refId="ref4103" refString="Jepson, J. E., Makarkin, V. N. &amp; Coram, R. A. (2012) Lacewings (Insecta: Neuroptera) from the Lower Cretaceous Purbeck Limestone Group of southern England. Cretaceous Research, 34, 31 - 47. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cretres. 2011.10.001" type="journal article" year="2012">Jepson, Makarkin &amp; Coram, 2012</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
by the distal fusion of hind wing ScP and RA, while in the latter genus these two veins are terminally separated in the hind wing.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
Reference in a new issue View git blame Copy permalink