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<document id="4DF700884273241C96D426E2D38F147C" ID-DOI="10.1206/0003-0082(2005)473[0001:GMFTLP]2.0.CO;2" ID-ISSN="0003-0082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4735141" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.treatments_approvedBy="tatiana" checkinTime="1620068353633" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="MENG, JIN, WYSS, ANDRÉ R., HU, YAOMING, WANG, YUANQING, BOWEN, GABRIEL J. &amp; KOCH, PAUL L." docDate="2005" docId="03B187E7FFFBFFEE44A3FBCCA032FE40" docLanguage="en" docName="AmMusNovit.2005.3473.1-25.pdf" docOrigin="American Museum Novitates 3473" docSource="http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1206/0003-0082%282005%29473%5B0001%3AGMFTLP%5D2.0.CO%3B2" docStyle="DocumentStyle:70DDF1BDF6846024993F05262BAE3001.4:AmMusNovit.2000-2010.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="70DDF1BDF6846024993F05262BAE3001" docStyleName="AmMusNovit.2000-2010.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Eomylus bayanulanensis MENG &amp; WYSS &amp; HU &amp; WANG &amp; BOWEN &amp; KOCH 2005, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="8" masterDocId="FF88FF9FFFF9FFE9467DFF95A450FFE5" masterDocTitle="Glires (Mammalia) from the Late Paleocene Bayan Ulan Locality of Inner Mongolia" masterLastPageNumber="26" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="3" updateTime="1726558810148" updateUser="tatiana" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="1505FB06FFBC1E88A147BEAEEF592B26">Glires (Mammalia) from the Late Paleocene Bayan Ulan Locality of Inner Mongolia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D2BEDA7C5C1028BFC51AB15D1F7ABC01">MENG, JIN</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4AA9589ED3E2FBA7E9BF5D80DF272971">WYSS, ANDRÉ R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6ACF34BAC38A856958C8452B5EB63FD2">HU, YAOMING</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1083FE9B0B0AA7F071B5D9F48B9B8DAB">WANG, YUANQING</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CE2BC98D11E4B8B6C2591E1237E2CEA1">BOWEN, GABRIEL J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5E0A885FBFF851979C4C7E8286A9B76A">KOCH, PAUL L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="420C9263EB5DF2A7A74F66271D99A2B9">American Museum Novitates</mods:title>
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<mods:number id="128C1DC7B6A582ED38903F0D604D7615">3473</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03B187E7FFFBFFEE44A3FBCCA032FE40" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B187E7FFFBFFEE44A3FBCCA032FE40" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B187E7FFFBFFEE44A3FBCCA032FE40" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<subSubSection id="C302657AFFFBFFEB44A3FBCCA0FBFB94" box="[734,1195,1113,1137]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BA736F1FFFBFFEB44A3FBCCA0FBFB94" blockId="2.[734,1195,1113,1137]" box="[734,1195,1113,1137]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<heading id="D0EF819DFFFBFFEB44A3FBCCA0FBFB94" box="[734,1195,1113,1137]" centered="true" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" reason="8">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFBFFEB44A3FBCCA043FB94" bold="true" box="[734,1043,1113,1137]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFBFFEB44A3FBCCA05CFB94" authority="MENG &amp; WYSS &amp; HU &amp; WANG &amp; BOWEN &amp; KOCH, 2005" authorityName="MENG &amp; WYSS &amp; HU &amp; WANG &amp; BOWEN &amp; KOCH" authorityYear="2005" box="[734,1036,1113,1137]" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Eomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bayanulanensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFBFFEB44A3FBCCA05CFB94" bold="true" box="[734,1036,1113,1137]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Eomylus bayanulanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25F5798FFFBFFEB4260FBCFA0FBFB94" box="[1053,1195,1114,1137]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C302657AFFFBFFEB44A4FB1CA6AAFA06" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BA736F1FFFBFFEB44A4FB1CA099FB45" blockId="2.[700,1229,1161,1741]" box="[729,1225,1161,1184]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<materialsCitation id="3B703CACFFFBFFEB44A4FB1CA099FB45" box="[729,1225,1161,1184]" collectionCode="V" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" specimenCode="V14126.1" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54A38853FFFBFFEB44A4FB1CA71FFB7A" box="[729,847,1161,1184]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCode id="DBBE9E8AFFFBFFEB451CFB1CA788FB45" box="[865,984,1161,1184]" collectionCode="V" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="Museum">V14126.1</specimenCode>
, a right M2 (
<figureCitation id="13232A74FFFBFFEB4205FB1CA0E7FB45" box="[1144,1207,1161,1184]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[149,187,938,959]" captionTargetBox="[161,1192,187,917]" captionTargetId="figure-13@3.[161,1192,187,917]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Upper cheek teeth of Eomylus bayanulanensis, n.sp. ad, occlusal, lingual, labial, and anterior views of a right M2 (V14126.1, holotype); e, f, occlusal and lingual views of left M13 (V14126.2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4735143" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4735143/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">fig. 1</figureCitation>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA736F1FFFBFFEB44A4FB33A6AAFA06" blockId="2.[700,1229,1161,1741]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
REFERRED SPECIMENS:
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14126.2, a left maxilla with M
<quantity id="4CE09B14FFFBFFEB450BFB51A7EEFB3E" box="[886,958,1220,1243]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" metricValueMax="7.62" metricValueMin="2.54" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="in" value="2.0" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="1.0">13 in</quantity>
which the labial edges of the teeth are incomplete;
<collectionCode id="ED09AE34FFFBFFEB4249FB74A01AFB1D" box="[1076,1098,1249,1272]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
14127.1, a fragmentary right mandible with m13;
<collectionCode id="ED09AE34FFFBFFEB44C1FA89A681FAD6" box="[700,721,1308,1331]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
14127.2, a fragmentary left mandible with partial m23;
<collectionCode id="ED09AE34FFFBFFEB4519FAACA729FAB5" box="[868,889,1337,1360]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
14127.3, a fragmentary right mandible with broken m23 and a separated anterior portion of a left mandible with incisor (from the same nodule containing
<collectionCode id="ED09AE34FFFBFFEB44C1FA3BA682FA20" box="[700,722,1454,1477]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
14126.2);
<collectionCode id="ED09AE34FFFBFFEB4532FA3BA734FA20" box="[847,868,1454,1477]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
14127.4, a left m3 with little wear.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C302657AFFFBFFEB44A4FA7CA07AF9DE" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA736F1FFFBFFEB44A4FA7CA07AF9DE" blockId="2.[700,1229,1161,1741]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
LOCALITY AND AGE: Upper Nomogen formation at Bayan Ulan (within the lower
<quantity id="4CE09B14FFFBFFEB42E3F993A09DF9F8" box="[1182,1229,1542,1565]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="m" value="3.0">3 m</quantity>
of the section), late Paleocene.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C302657AFFFBFFEB44A4F9D4A058F990" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BA736F1FFFBFFEB44A4F9D4A058F990" blockId="2.[700,1229,1161,1741]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">ETYMOLOGY: The trivial name is after that of the locality, Bayan Ulan.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C302657AFFFBFFEA44A4F9E9A5BAF928" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BA736F1FFFBFFEA44A4F9E9A5BAF928" blockId="2.[700,1229,1161,1741]" lastBlockId="3.[123,652,1073,1741]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
DIAGNOSIS:
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFBFFEB4513F9E9A782F976" authorityName="Dashzeveg and Russell" authorityYear="1988" box="[878,978,1660,1683]" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Eomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFBFFEB4513F9E9A782F976" box="[878,978,1660,1683]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Eomylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from other genera of basal
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFBFFEB4509F90CA7EBF955" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[884,955,1689,1712]" class="Mammalia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Glires</taxonomicName>
in having a large metaconule, a distinct hypoconulid on lower molars, and a diagonal wear trough on the talonid. Further differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFAFFEA47A2FBDAA6D4FB83" authorityName="Zhai" authorityYear="1978" box="[479,644,1103,1126]" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Rhombomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mixodontia" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFAFFEA47A2FBDAA6D4FB83" box="[479,644,1103,1126]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Rhombomylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFAFFEA4606FBF9A4BEFB66" box="[123,238,1132,1155]" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Matutinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mixodontia" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFAFFEA4606FBF9A4BEFB66" box="[123,238,1132,1155]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Matutinia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFAFFEA4778FBF9A52CFB66" authorityName="Li" authorityYear="1977" box="[261,380,1132,1155]" class="Mammalia" family="Duplicidentata" genus="Mimotona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFAFFEA4778FBF9A52CFB66" box="[261,380,1132,1155]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Mimotona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFAFFEA47EEFBF9A5A1FB66" authorityName="Li" authorityYear="1977" box="[403,497,1132,1155]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhizospalacidae" genus="Heomys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFAFFEA47EEFBF9A5A1FB66" box="[403,497,1132,1155]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Heomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFAFFEA4475FBF9A6D4FB66" box="[520,644,1132,1155]" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Eurymylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mixodontia" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFAFFEA4475FBF9A6D4FB66" box="[520,644,1132,1155]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Eurymylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFAFFEA4606FB1CA4BAFB45" box="[123,234,1161,1184]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Cortinariaceae" genus="Gomphos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFAFFEA4606FB1CA4BAFB45" box="[123,234,1161,1184]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Gomphos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFAFFEA4752FB1CA520FB45" box="[303,368,1161,1184]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Amar</emphasis>
by its anteroposteriorly shortened upper cheek teeth and less expanded hypocone shelf. Further differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFAFFEA4421FB51A49DFB1D" baseAuthorityName="Kondrashov and Lopatin" baseAuthorityYear="2003" class="Mammalia" genus="Sinomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFAFFEA4421FB51A49DFB1D" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Sinomylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having a stronger hypocone, more marginally positioned paracone and metacone and more lingually positioned protocone. Further differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFAFFEA47B6FAACA6DBFAB5" baseAuthorityName="Meng and Wyss" baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[459,651,1337,1360]" class="Mammalia" family="Alagomyidae" genus="Tribosphenomys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFAFFEA47B6FAACA6DBFAB5" box="[459,651,1337,1360]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Tribosphenomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having more lophate cheek teeth. The new species differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFAFFEA4711FAE1A63DFA6E" baseAuthorityName="Kondrashov and Lopatin" baseAuthorityYear="2003" box="[364,621,1396,1419]" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Eomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zhigdenensis">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFAFFEA4711FAE1A63DFA6E" box="[364,621,1396,1419]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Eomylus zhigdenensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having upper cheek teeth less anteroposteriorly shortened and less unilaterally hyspodont; the hypocone and metaconule more prominent; M2 with the paracone and metacone separated by a labial notch; lower cheek teeth less transversely extended; the mandible proportionally shallower. Differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFAFFEA440FF9D4A48AF993" baseAuthorityName="Chow &amp; Qi" baseAuthorityYear="1978" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Eomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="borealis">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFAFFEA440FF9D4A48AF993" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">E. borealis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in being smaller and molars less transversely extended, and in having a partial anterior cingulid on the lower molars and a relatively smaller hypoconulid.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="8BA736F1FFFAFFEA46E8FC3FA4ABFC11" blockId="3.[123,1227,938,1012]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Fig. 1. Upper cheek teeth of
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFAFFEA4798FC3FA6BCFC5A" authority="MENG &amp; WYSS &amp; HU &amp; WANG &amp; BOWEN &amp; KOCH, 2005" authorityName="MENG &amp; WYSS &amp; HU &amp; WANG &amp; BOWEN &amp; KOCH" authorityYear="2005" box="[485,748,938,959]" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Eomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bayanulanensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFAFFEA4798FC3FA6BCFC5A" box="[485,748,938,959]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Eomylus bayanulanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25F5798FFFAFFEA4481FC3FA77EFC5A" box="[764,814,938,959]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">n.sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFAFFEA454AFC3FA736FC5A" bold="true" box="[823,870,938,959]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">ad,</emphasis>
occlusal, lingual, labial, and anterior views of a right M2 (V14126.1, holotype);
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFAFFEA44C3FC51A6BDFC3C" bold="true" box="[702,749,964,985]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">e, f,</emphasis>
occlusal and lingual views of left M13 (V14126.2).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C302657AFFFAFFEC44A5FBA4A7EFFB80" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA736F1FFFAFFEA44A5FBA4A0FDF9F8" blockId="3.[699,1228,1073,1741]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
DESCRIPTION: Association of the upper and lower teeth is based on their comparable sizes (
<tableCitation id="C69A034AFFFAFFEA449BFBF9A716FB66" box="[742,838,1132,1155]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="4.[338,412,194,213]" captionTargetBox="[124,621,325,1725]" captionText="TABLE 1 Measurements of Lower Teeth (in mm) L 5 length; W 5 width; tri 5 trigonid; tal 5 talonid; * 5 nonavailable measurement." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF676679FFFDFFED472FFF57A60BFECD" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" tableUuid="DF676679FFFDFFED472FFF57A60BFECD">tables 1</tableCitation>
,
<tableCitation id="C69A034AFFFAFFEA4525FBF9A737FB66" box="[856,871,1132,1155]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="4.[914,988,194,213]" captionTargetBox="[700,1161,271,634]" captionText="TABLE 2 Measurements of Upper Teeth (in mm)" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF676679FFFDFFED45EFFF57A0F4FF17" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" tableUuid="DF676679FFFDFFED45EFFF57A0F4FF17">2</tableCitation>
) and morphology. This association is supported by the fact that the left maxilla with M13 (V14126.2) and the fragmentary right mandible with broken m23 (V14127.3) were prepared from a single coprolitic nodule. The fragmentary maxilla shows that the posterior border of the hard palate is even with M2. The posterior margin of the palate bears a blunt, rounded lip, the postpalatine torus. This lip continues posteriorly as a ridge that bounds the choanal orifice. Lateral to the ridge is a broad, shallow trough in which a small foramen of unknown function resides. Two small palatine foramina occur within the palatine opposite M1.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA736F1FFFAFFEC44A5F9B1A483FCE0" blockId="3.[699,1228,1073,1741]" lastBlockId="5.[123,652,193,1741]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Upper premolars are unknown. The alveolus of P4 indicates a large (as wide as M1) double­rooted tooth (
<figureCitation id="13232A74FFFAFFEA45B8F9CBA05CF990" box="[965,1036,1630,1653]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[149,187,938,959]" captionTargetBox="[161,1192,187,917]" captionTargetId="figure-13@3.[161,1192,187,917]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Upper cheek teeth of Eomylus bayanulanensis, n.sp. ad, occlusal, lingual, labial, and anterior views of a right M2 (V14126.1, holotype); e, f, occlusal and lingual views of left M13 (V14126.2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4735143" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4735143/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">fig. 1</figureCitation>
). The external edges of M13 (V14126.2), prepared from a coprolitic nodule in which V14126.2 is also contained, are seemingly etched by acid (
<figureCitation id="13232A74FFFAFFED42D9F923A69AFD0D" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[149,187,938,959]" captionTargetBox="[161,1192,187,917]" captionTargetId="figure-13@3.[161,1192,187,917]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Upper cheek teeth of Eomylus bayanulanensis, n.sp. ad, occlusal, lingual, labial, and anterior views of a right M2 (V14126.1, holotype); e, f, occlusal and lingual views of left M13 (V14126.2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4735143" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4735143/files/figure.png" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">fig. 1</figureCitation>
). The first upper molar resembles M2 except in being slightly shorter lingually. The description of the upper molar is based primarily on V14126.1 (the
<typeStatus id="54A38853FFFDFFED4583FCBCA038FCA5" box="[1022,1128,809,832]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
;
<figureCitation id="13232A74FFFDFFED4204FCBCA0EBFCA5" box="[1145,1211,809,832]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[149,187,938,959]" captionTargetBox="[161,1192,187,917]" captionTargetId="figure-13@3.[161,1192,187,917]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Upper cheek teeth of Eomylus bayanulanensis, n.sp. ad, occlusal, lingual, labial, and anterior views of a right M2 (V14126.1, holotype); e, f, occlusal and lingual views of left M13 (V14126.2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4735143" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4735143/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">fig. 1</figureCitation>
). The tooth is low crowned, wider anteriorly than posteriorly, and has one large lingual and two small labial roots. The protocone is the largest cusp of the tooth and is more lingually extended than the hypocone, although the tips of the two cusps are aligned anteroposteriorly. Lingually, the protocone and hypocone are separated by a shallow valley that deepens toward the hypocone. In occlusal view, the protocone has a large wear facet on its posterior surface; this aligns with the orientation of a wear facet on the posterior surface of the metaconule. The protocone connects with the paracone by a low, strong preprotocrista that forms a curved anterior edge of the tooth. A small, transverse enamel lake is present at the labial end of the preprotocrista and is lingual to the paracone; this suggests the presence of a small paraconule on an unworn tooth. The paracone and metacone are placed on the labial margin of the tooth. The paracone is larger and more labially positioned than the metacone. The two cusps are separated by a notch at the labial edge of the tooth. A small cuspule is at the posterolabial base of the paracone, probably representing the mesostyle. The metaconule is larger than the paracone or metacone. It is connected lingually with the protocone by a short postprotocrista and labially with the metacone by the premetaconule crista. Between the swollen metaconule and the metacone, an enamel bay is formed. The anterior surface of the metaconule is bare dentine, forming part of the concave trigon basin. The hypocone is distinct and separated from the protocone by a narrow valley. It merges labially with the postcingulum, forming the hypocone shelf. The hypocone shelf forms an oblique valley that parallels the plane aligning the wear facets on the posterior sides of the protocone and metaconule. This concave area is covered with thin enamel between the protocone and metaconule, whereas the rest of the shelf is bare dentine. This oblique orientation and the wear facets on the hypocone shelf fit well against the oblique wear facets on the lower molars (see below). The last upper molar is narrower than M1 and M2 and retains the basic molar pattern (
<figureCitation id="13232A74FFFCFFEC46FEFD7BA492FCE0" box="[131,194,750,773]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[149,187,938,959]" captionTargetBox="[161,1192,187,917]" captionTargetId="figure-13@3.[161,1192,187,917]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Upper cheek teeth of Eomylus bayanulanensis, n.sp. ad, occlusal, lingual, labial, and anterior views of a right M2 (V14126.1, holotype); e, f, occlusal and lingual views of left M13 (V14126.2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4735143" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4735143/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">fig. 1</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF676679FFFDFFED472FFF57A60BFECD" ID-Table-UUID="DF676679FFFDFFED472FFF57A60BFECD" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF676679FFFDFFED472FFF57A60BFECD" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" startId="4.[338,412,194,213]" targetBox="[124,621,325,1725]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="8BA736F1FFFDFFED472FFF57A60BFECD" blockId="4.[144,633,194,296]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<tableNote id="76FE377FFFFDFFED472FFF57A60BFECD" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" targetBox="[700,1161,271,634]" targetPageId="4">
TABLE 1
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFDFFED46D9FF48A635FF17" bold="true" box="[164,613,221,242]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Measurements of Lower Teeth (in mm)</emphasis>
L 5 length; W 5 width; tri 5 trigonid; tal 5 talonid; * 5 nonavailable measurement.
</tableNote>
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF676679FFFDFFED45EFFF57A0F4FF17" ID-Table-UUID="DF676679FFFDFFED45EFFF57A0F4FF17" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF676679FFFDFFED45EFFF57A0F4FF17" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" startId="4.[914,988,194,213]" targetBox="[700,1161,271,634]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="8BA736F1FFFDFFED45EFFF57A0F4FF17" blockId="4.[741,1188,194,242]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<tableNote id="76FE377FFFFDFFED45EFFF57A0F4FF17" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" targetBox="[700,1161,271,634]" targetPageId="4">TABLE 2 Measurements of Upper Teeth (in mm)</tableNote>
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BA736F1FFFDFFED450FFE9AA0D9FD9F" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<table id="F918C451FFFD001644C1FE9AA0D9FD9F" box="[700,1161,271,634]" gridcols="3" gridrows="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<tr id="352834B3FFFD001644C1FE9AA0D9FEC7" box="[700,1161,271,290]" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD0016450FFE9AA7E4FEC7" box="[882,948,271,290]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Length</th>
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164252FE9AA0D9FEC7" box="[1071,1161,271,290]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Width</th>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD001644C1FEA2A0D9FE80" box="[700,1161,311,357]" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD001644C1FEA2A0D9FE80" box="[700,1161,311,357]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFDFFED44C1FEA2A71FFEAF" authorityName="MENG &amp; WYSS &amp; HU &amp; WANG &amp; BOWEN &amp; KOCH" authorityYear="2005" box="[700,847,311,330]" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Palaeomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lii">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFDFFED44C1FEA2A71FFEAF" box="[700,847,311,330]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Palaeomylus lii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<accessionNumber id="944BAB12FFFDFFED44C1FEC7A757FE80" box="[700,775,338,357]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/V14128" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="EnaNcbi">V14128</accessionNumber>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD001644C1FEE7A0D9FE45" box="[700,1161,370,416]" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD001644C1FEE7A6A4FE45" box="[700,756,370,416]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">P4 M1</th>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD0016450FFEE7A7E4FE45" box="[882,948,370,416]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.43 1.84</td>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD00164252FEE7A0D9FE45" box="[1071,1161,370,416]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">3.32 3.75</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD001644C1FE27A0D9FE05" box="[700,1161,434,480]" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD001644C1FE27A0D9FE05" box="[700,1161,434,480]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFDFFED44C1FE27A7F4FE20" authorityName="MENG &amp; WYSS &amp; HU &amp; WANG &amp; BOWEN &amp; KOCH" authorityYear="2005" box="[700,932,434,453]" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Eomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bayanulanensis">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFDFFED44C1FE27A7F4FE20" box="[700,932,434,453]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Eomylus bayanulanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
V14126.1
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD001644C1FE78A0D9FDE5" box="[700,1161,493,512]" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD001644C1FE78A6A4FDE5" box="[700,756,493,512]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">M2</th>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD0016450FFE78A7E4FDE5" box="[882,948,493,512]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.53</td>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD00164252FE78A0D9FDE5" box="[1071,1161,493,512]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">2.51</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD001644C1FD87A0D9FDC0" box="[700,1161,530,549]" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD001644C1FD87A0D9FDC0" box="[700,1161,530,549]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">V14126.2</th>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD001644C1FDA7A0D9FD9F" box="[700,1161,562,634]" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD001644C1FDA7A6A4FD9F" box="[700,756,562,634]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">M1 M2 M3</th>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD0016450FFDA7A7E4FD9F" box="[882,948,562,634]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.44 1.45 1.43</td>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD00164252FDA7A0D9FD9F" box="[1071,1161,562,634]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">2.70 (est) 2.80 (est) 2.40 (est)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA736F1FFFDFFED469EFED0A666F958" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<table id="F918C451FFFD00164601FED0A63DF958" box="[124,621,325,1725]" gridcols="3" gridrows="50" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601FED0A63DFEBD" box="[124,621,325,344]" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601FED0A547FEBD" box="[124,279,325,344]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">L</th>
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD0016475AFED0A5E0FEBD" box="[295,432,325,344]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">L/W (tri)</th>
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164799FED0A63DFEBD" box="[484,621,325,344]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">L/W (tal)</th>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601FEF9A63DFE9A" box="[124,621,364,383]" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601FEF9A547FE9A" box="[124,279,364,383]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFDFFED4601FEF9A55FFE9A" authorityName="MENG &amp; WYSS &amp; HU &amp; WANG &amp; BOWEN &amp; KOCH" authorityYear="2005" box="[124,271,364,383]" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Palaeomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lii">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFDFFED4601FEF9A55FFE9A" box="[124,271,364,383]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Palaeomylus lii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601FE13A63DFE7C" box="[124,621,390,409]" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601FE13A547FE7C" box="[124,279,390,409]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<accessionNumber id="944BAB12FFFDFFED4601FE13A497FE7C" box="[124,199,390,409]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/V14132" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="EnaNcbi">V14132</accessionNumber>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601FE37A63DFE50" box="[124,621,418,437]" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rowspan-1="1">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601FE37A547FE50" box="[124,279,418,437]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">p3 1.71</th>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD00164799FE37A63DFE50" box="[484,621,418,437]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.55</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601FE29A63DFE2A" box="[124,621,444,463]" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601FE29A547FE2A" box="[124,279,444,463]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">m1 2.27</th>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD0016475AFE29A5E0FE2A" box="[295,432,444,463]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.87/1.86</td>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD00164799FE29A63DFE2A" box="[484,621,444,463]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.35/2.06</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601FE43A63DFE0C" box="[124,621,470,489]" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601FE43A547FE0C" box="[124,279,470,489]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">m2 2.26</th>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD0016475AFE43A5E0FE0C" box="[295,432,470,489]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.85/1.97</td>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD00164799FE43A63DFE0C" box="[484,621,470,489]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.35/2.38</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601FE65A63DFDE6" box="[124,621,496,515]" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601FE65A547FDE6" box="[124,279,496,515]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">m3 3.05</th>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD0016475AFE65A5E0FDE6" box="[295,432,496,515]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.82/1.99</td>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD00164799FE65A63DFDE6" box="[484,621,496,515]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">2.15/2.07</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601FD9AA63DFDC7" box="[124,621,527,546]" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601FD9AA63DFDC7" box="[124,621,527,546]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">V14129.1</th>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601FDBEA63DFDDB" box="[124,621,555,574]" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601FDBEA547FDDB" box="[124,279,555,574]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">m1 1.87</th>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD0016475AFDBEA5E0FDDB" box="[295,432,555,574]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.91/1.87</td>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD00164799FDBEA63DFDDB" box="[484,621,555,574]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.93/2.11</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601FDD0A63DFDBD" box="[124,621,581,600]" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601FDD0A547FDBD" box="[124,279,581,600]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">m2 2.04</th>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD0016475AFDD0A5E0FDBD" box="[295,432,581,600]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.89/2.03</td>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD00164799FDD0A63DFDBD" box="[484,621,581,600]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.14/2.41</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601FDCAA63DFD97" box="[124,621,607,626]" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601FDCAA547FD97" box="[124,279,607,626]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">m3 2.85</th>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD0016475AFDCAA5E0FD97" box="[295,432,607,626]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.74/1.93</td>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD00164799FDCAA63DFD97" box="[484,621,607,626]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">2.10/2.23</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601FDEAA63DFD77" box="[124,621,639,658]" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601FDEAA547FD77" box="[124,279,639,658]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">V14129.2</th>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601FD0FA63DFD48" box="[124,621,666,685]" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601FD0FA547FD48" box="[124,279,666,685]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">m1 1.98</th>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD0016475AFD0FA5E0FD48" box="[295,432,666,685]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.91/*</td>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD00164799FD0FA63DFD48" box="[484,621,666,685]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.96/1.98</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601FD21A63DFD22" box="[124,621,692,711]" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601FD21A547FD22" box="[124,279,692,711]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">m2 1.93</th>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD0016475AFD21A5E0FD22" box="[295,432,692,711]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.82/*</td>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD00164799FD21A63DFD22" box="[484,621,692,711]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.11/2.27</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601FD5BA63DFD04" box="[124,621,718,737]" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601FD5BA547FD04" box="[124,279,718,737]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">m3 2.92</th>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD0016475AFD5BA5E0FD04" box="[295,432,718,737]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.69/1.96</td>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD00164799FD5BA63DFD04" box="[484,621,718,737]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">2.28/2.08</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601FD7BA63DFCE4" box="[124,621,750,769]" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601FD7BA547FCE4" box="[124,279,750,769]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">V14130.1</th>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601FC9CA63DFCF9" box="[124,621,777,796]" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rowspan-2="1">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601FC9CA547FCF9" box="[124,279,777,796]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">p3 1.30</th>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD0016475AFC9CA5E0FCF9" box="[295,432,777,796]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">*/1.17</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601FCB6A63DFCD3" box="[124,621,803,822]" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601FCB6A547FCD3" box="[124,279,803,822]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">p4 1.93</th>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601FCABA63DFCB4" box="[124,621,830,849]" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601FCABA547FCB4" box="[124,279,830,849]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">m1 2.12</th>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD0016475AFCABA5E0FCB4" box="[295,432,830,849]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.04/1.77</td>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD00164799FCABA63DFCB4" box="[484,621,830,849]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.16/1.96</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601FCCDA63DFC8E" box="[124,621,856,875]" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601FCCDA547FC8E" box="[124,279,856,875]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">m2 2.44</th>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD0016475AFCCDA5E0FC8E" box="[295,432,856,875]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.03/2.07</td>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD00164799FCCDA63DFC8E" box="[484,621,856,875]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.37/2.17</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601FCE2A63DFC6F" box="[124,621,887,906]" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601FCE2A63DFC6F" box="[124,621,887,906]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">V14130.2</th>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601FC06A63DFC43" box="[124,621,915,934]" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601FC06A547FC43" box="[124,279,915,934]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">p4 2.05</th>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD0016475AFC06A5E0FC43" box="[295,432,915,934]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.01/1.79</td>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD00164799FC06A63DFC43" box="[484,621,915,934]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.03/1.66</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601FC38A63DFC25" box="[124,621,941,960]" gridrow="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601FC38A547FC25" box="[124,279,941,960]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">m1 1.89</th>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD0016475AFC38A5E0FC25" box="[295,432,941,960]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.12/1.83</td>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD00164799FC38A63DFC25" box="[484,621,941,960]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.78/*</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601FC52A63DFC3F" box="[124,621,967,986]" gridrow="23" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601FC52A547FC3F" box="[124,279,967,986]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">m3 3.06</th>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD0016475AFC52A5E0FC3F" box="[295,432,967,986]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.98/2.21</td>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD00164799FC52A63DFC3F" box="[484,621,967,986]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">2.15/2.26</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601FC73A63DFC1C" box="[124,621,998,1017]" gridrow="24" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601FC73A63DFC1C" box="[124,621,998,1017]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">V14129.3</th>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601FB97A63DFBF0" box="[124,621,1026,1045]" gridrow="25" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601FB97A547FBF0" box="[124,279,1026,1045]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">m3 3.11</th>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD0016475AFB97A5E0FBF0" box="[295,432,1026,1045]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.02/2.08</td>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD00164799FB97A63DFBF0" box="[484,621,1026,1045]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">2.06/2.32</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601FBB4A63DFBD1" box="[124,621,1057,1076]" gridrow="26" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601FBB4A63DFBD1" box="[124,621,1057,1076]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">V14129.5</th>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601FBA8A63DFBB5" box="[124,621,1085,1104]" gridrow="27" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601FBA8A547FBB5" box="[124,279,1085,1104]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">m3 3.08</th>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD0016475AFBA8A5E0FBB5" box="[295,432,1085,1104]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.90/2.11</td>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD00164799FBA8A63DFBB5" box="[484,621,1085,1104]" gridcol="2" gridrow="27" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">2.16/2.26</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601FBC9A63DFB8A" box="[124,621,1116,1135]" gridrow="28" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601FBC9A63DFB8A" box="[124,621,1116,1135]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="0" gridrow="28" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">V14129.4</th>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601FBEDA63DFB6E" box="[124,621,1144,1163]" gridrow="29" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601FBEDA547FB6E" box="[124,279,1144,1163]" gridcol="0" gridrow="29" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">m2 2.14</th>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD0016475AFBEDA5E0FB6E" box="[295,432,1144,1163]" gridcol="1" gridrow="29" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.85/1.94</td>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD00164799FBEDA63DFB6E" box="[484,621,1144,1163]" gridcol="2" gridrow="29" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.34/2.24</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601FB02A63DFB4F" box="[124,621,1175,1194]" gridrow="30" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601FB02A63DFB4F" box="[124,621,1175,1194]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="0" gridrow="30" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<accessionNumber id="944BAB12FFFDFFED4601FB02A497FB4F" box="[124,199,1175,1194]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/V14131" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="EnaNcbi">V14131</accessionNumber>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601FB26A63DFB23" box="[124,621,1203,1222]" gridrow="31" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601FB26A547FB23" box="[124,279,1203,1222]" gridcol="0" gridrow="31" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">m1 2.27</th>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD0016475AFB26A5E0FB23" box="[295,432,1203,1222]" gridcol="1" gridrow="31" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.98/1.88</td>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD00164799FB26A63DFB23" box="[484,621,1203,1222]" gridcol="2" gridrow="31" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.20/2.02</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601FB58A63DFB05" box="[124,621,1229,1248]" gridrow="32" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601FB58A547FB05" box="[124,279,1229,1248]" gridcol="0" gridrow="32" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">m2 2.19</th>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD0016475AFB58A5E0FB05" box="[295,432,1229,1248]" gridcol="1" gridrow="32" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.98/1.95</td>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD00164799FB58A63DFB05" box="[484,621,1229,1248]" gridcol="2" gridrow="32" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.18/2.21</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601FB79A63DFB1A" box="[124,621,1260,1279]" gridrow="33" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601FB79A547FB1A" box="[124,279,1260,1279]" gridcol="0" gridrow="33" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFDFFED4601FB79A547FB1A" box="[124,279,1260,1279]" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Palaeomylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFDFFED4601FB79A4A4FB1A" box="[124,244,1260,1279]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Palaeomylus</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601FA93A63DFAFC" box="[124,621,1286,1305]" gridrow="34" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601FA93A547FAFC" box="[124,279,1286,1305]" gridcol="0" gridrow="34" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">V14125.1</th>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601FAB7A63DFAD0" box="[124,621,1314,1333]" gridrow="35" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601FAB7A547FAD0" box="[124,279,1314,1333]" gridcol="0" gridrow="35" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">p4 2.00</th>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD0016475AFAB7A5E0FAD0" box="[295,432,1314,1333]" gridcol="1" gridrow="35" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.08/1.73</td>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD00164799FAB7A63DFAD0" box="[484,621,1314,1333]" gridcol="2" gridrow="35" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.98/1.42</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601FAA9A63DFAAA" box="[124,621,1340,1359]" gridrow="36" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601FAA9A547FAAA" box="[124,279,1340,1359]" gridcol="0" gridrow="36" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">m1 2.25</th>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD0016475AFAA9A5E0FAAA" box="[295,432,1340,1359]" gridcol="1" gridrow="36" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.94/*</td>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD00164799FAA9A63DFAAA" box="[484,621,1340,1359]" gridcol="2" gridrow="36" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.27/*</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601FAC9A63DFA8A" box="[124,621,1372,1391]" gridrow="37" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601FAC9A547FA8A" box="[124,279,1372,1391]" gridcol="0" gridrow="37" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">V14125.2</th>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601FAE2A63DFA6F" box="[124,621,1399,1418]" gridrow="38" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601FAE2A547FA6F" box="[124,279,1399,1418]" gridcol="0" gridrow="38" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">m1 1.96</th>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD0016475AFAE2A5E0FA6F" box="[295,432,1399,1418]" gridcol="1" gridrow="38" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.91/1.65</td>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD00164799FAE2A63DFA6F" box="[484,621,1399,1418]" gridcol="2" gridrow="38" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.04/1.94</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601FA02A63DFA4F" box="[124,621,1431,1450]" gridrow="39" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rowspan-2="1">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601FA02A5E0FA4F" box="[124,432,1431,1450]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="39" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFDFFED4601FA02A534FA4F" authorityName="MENG &amp; WYSS &amp; HU &amp; WANG &amp; BOWEN &amp; KOCH" authorityYear="2005" box="[124,356,1431,1450]" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Eomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bayanulanensis">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFDFFED4601FA02A534FA4F" box="[124,356,1431,1450]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Eomylus bayanulanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601FA24A63DFA21" box="[124,621,1457,1476]" gridrow="40" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601FA24A547FA21" box="[124,279,1457,1476]" gridcol="0" gridrow="40" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">V14127.1</th>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601FA59A63DFA3A" box="[124,621,1484,1503]" gridrow="41" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601FA59A547FA3A" box="[124,279,1484,1503]" gridcol="0" gridrow="41" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">m1 1.73</th>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD0016475AFA59A5E0FA3A" box="[295,432,1484,1503]" gridcol="1" gridrow="41" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.83/1.18</td>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD00164799FA59A63DFA3A" box="[484,621,1484,1503]" gridcol="2" gridrow="41" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.91/1.53</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601FA73A63DFA1C" box="[124,621,1510,1529]" gridrow="42" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601FA73A547FA1C" box="[124,279,1510,1529]" gridcol="0" gridrow="42" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">m2 1.74</th>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD0016475AFA73A5E0FA1C" box="[295,432,1510,1529]" gridcol="1" gridrow="42" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.76/1.43</td>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD00164799FA73A63DFA1C" box="[484,621,1510,1529]" gridcol="2" gridrow="42" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.02/1.74</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601F995A63DF9F6" box="[124,621,1536,1555]" gridrow="43" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601F995A547F9F6" box="[124,279,1536,1555]" gridcol="0" gridrow="43" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">m3 2.22</th>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD0016475AF995A5E0F9F6" box="[295,432,1536,1555]" gridcol="1" gridrow="43" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.75/1.39</td>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD00164799F995A63DF9F6" box="[484,621,1536,1555]" gridcol="2" gridrow="43" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.67/1.63</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601F9B5A63DF9D6" box="[124,621,1568,1587]" gridrow="44" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rowspan-2="1">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601F9B5A5E0F9D6" box="[124,432,1568,1587]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="44" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFDFFED4601F9B5A534F9D6" authorityName="MENG &amp; WYSS &amp; HU &amp; WANG &amp; BOWEN &amp; KOCH" authorityYear="2005" box="[124,356,1568,1587]" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Eomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bayanulanensis">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFDFFED4601F9B5A534F9D6" box="[124,356,1568,1587]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Eomylus bayanulanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601F9AFA63DF9A8" box="[124,621,1594,1613]" gridrow="45" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601F9AFA547F9A8" box="[124,279,1594,1613]" gridcol="0" gridrow="45" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">V14127.2</th>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601F9C0A63DF98D" box="[124,621,1621,1640]" gridrow="46" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601F9C0A547F98D" box="[124,279,1621,1640]" gridcol="0" gridrow="46" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">m2 1.92</th>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD0016475AF9C0A5E0F98D" box="[295,432,1621,1640]" gridcol="1" gridrow="46" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.82/1.57</td>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD00164799F9C0A63DF98D" box="[484,621,1621,1640]" gridcol="2" gridrow="46" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.10/1.76</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601F9E5A63DF966" box="[124,621,1648,1667]" gridrow="47" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601F9E5A547F966" box="[124,279,1648,1667]" gridcol="0" gridrow="47" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">m3 2.41</th>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD0016475AF9E5A5E0F966" box="[295,432,1648,1667]" gridcol="1" gridrow="47" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.56/*</td>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD00164799F9E5A63DF966" box="[484,621,1648,1667]" gridcol="2" gridrow="47" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.86/1.56 (est)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601F91AA63DF947" box="[124,621,1679,1698]" gridrow="48" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601F91AA547F947" box="[124,279,1679,1698]" gridcol="0" gridrow="48" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">V14127.3</th>
</tr>
<tr id="352834B3FFFD00164601F93FA63DF958" box="[124,621,1706,1725]" gridrow="49" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<th id="76F95DCFFFFD00164601F93FA547F958" box="[124,279,1706,1725]" gridcol="0" gridrow="49" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">m3 2.59</th>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD0016475AF93FA5E0F958" box="[295,432,1706,1725]" gridcol="1" gridrow="49" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.69/1.46 (est)</td>
<td id="76F95DCFFFFD00164799F93FA63DF958" box="[484,621,1706,1725]" gridcol="2" gridrow="49" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.88/165</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA736F1FFFCFFEC46E5FC99A601FB45" blockId="5.[123,652,193,1741]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
The mandible (V14127.2) is
<quantity id="4CE09B14FFFCFFEC4465FC99A6DBFCC6" box="[536,651,780,803]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.82" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="4.82">4.82 mm</quantity>
deep at m1 and
<quantity id="4CE09B14FFFCFFEC4740FCBCA5F6FCA5" box="[317,422,809,832]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.42" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="2.42">2.42 mm</quantity>
thick at m2. Tooth marks occur on the medial surface of two mandibles (V14127.12). Breakages in the mandibles (V14127.12), both in cross section and along the lingual surface, reveal no incisor under the molars. The narrow space ventral to roots of molars also indicates that the incisor probably ends anterior to the first molar. The incisor preserved in V14127.3 shows that it probably extends posteriorly to the level of p4. On the lateral surface of the mandible the anterior edge of the masseteric fossa is aligned with the talonid of m3.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA736F1FFFCFFEC46E5FB33A7EFFB80" blockId="5.[123,652,193,1741]" lastBlockId="5.[699,1228,193,1741]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
No lower premolar is preserved. The molars are all double­rooted. The m1 and m2 differ mainly in m2 being larger (
<figureCitation id="13232A74FFFCFFEC447AFB74A617FB1D" box="[519,583,1249,1272]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[150,188,1170,1191]" captionTargetBox="[159,1194,186,1149]" captionTargetId="figure-16@6.[159,1194,186,1149]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 2. Lower cheek teeth of Eomylus bayanulanensis, n.sp. a, b, lateral and medial views of a partial right mandible with m13 (V14127.1); ce, occlusal, lingual, and labial views of m13. Arrow indicates the direction of trough created by wear." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4735145" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4735145/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">fig. 2</figureCitation>
). The trigonid is short and has a steep posterior wall. A partial anterior cingulid occurs labially below the protoconid. The protoconid and metaconid are subequal in size, the latter cusp being higher and more anteriorly placed. A wear facet is present on the anterolabial side of the protoconid. A similar facet, having the same orientation, occurs on the hypoconid. The paracristid and protocristid are complete and straight, enclosing the trigonid basin anteriorly and posteriorly. The talonid is longer and wider than the trigonid. All talonid cusps are high. The hypoconid, the largest talonid cusp, is elongated labially. The cristid obliqua is strong and extends anterolingually from the hypoconid to join the posterior wall of the trigonid near its midpoint. In little worn specimens, the mesoconid is distinct. Following wear the cristid obliqua becomes a sharp ridge; the lingual surface of the cristid obliqua forms a flat wear facet that merges posteriorly with the facet on the posterolingual side of the hypoconid, obliterating the mesoconid. The entoconid is anterior to the hypoconid and separated from the hypoconulid by a narrow gap. The gap is deeper on m2 than on m1. The wear facets on the anterolabial surfaces of the entoconid and hypoconulid are extensive, forming the lingual wall of a V­shaped talonid basin that slants from a point between the hypoconid and hypoconulid to the point between the metaconid and entoconid. The valley is oriented diagonally, as indicated by the arrow in
<figureCitation id="13232A74FFFCFFEC44A3FD44A71CFD0D" box="[734,844,721,744]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[150,188,1170,1191]" captionTargetBox="[159,1194,186,1149]" captionTargetId="figure-16@6.[159,1194,186,1149]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 2. Lower cheek teeth of Eomylus bayanulanensis, n.sp. a, b, lateral and medial views of a partial right mandible with m13 (V14127.1); ce, occlusal, lingual, and labial views of m13. Arrow indicates the direction of trough created by wear." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4735145" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4735145/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">figure 2c</figureCitation>
. Orientations of the valley and the wear facets indicate anterolingual movement of the tooth row during mastication. The hypoconulid is widely and deeply separated from the hypoconid. The cusps are more robust on m3 than on m2; nevertheless, the basic pattern of the two teeth is comparable except that the hypoconulid forms a distinct third lobe on m3. The posterolingual surface of the hypoconulid bears a large wear facet. Unworn m
<quantity id="4CE09B14FFFCFFEC45EDFC63A792FBE8" box="[912,962,1014,1037]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="in" value="3.0">3 in</quantity>
V14127.4 exhibits a distinct mesoconid. A small enamel peak rises between the hypoconid and hypoconulid in V14127.1 (
<figureCitation id="13232A74FFFCFFEC451CFBDBA7E2FB80" box="[865,946,1102,1125]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[150,188,1170,1191]" captionTargetBox="[159,1194,186,1149]" captionTargetId="figure-16@6.[159,1194,186,1149]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 2. Lower cheek teeth of Eomylus bayanulanensis, n.sp. a, b, lateral and medial views of a partial right mandible with m13 (V14127.1); ce, occlusal, lingual, and labial views of m13. Arrow indicates the direction of trough created by wear." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4735145" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4735145/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">fig. 2e</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C302657AFFFCFFEE44A5FBF9A032FE40" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BA736F1FFFCFFEC44A5FBF9A7F8F955" blockId="5.[699,1228,193,1741]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
COMPARISON:
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFCFFEC4502FBF9A7B3FB66" authorityName="Dashzeveg and Russell" authorityYear="1988" box="[895,995,1132,1155]" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Eomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFCFFEC4502FBF9A7B3FB66" box="[895,995,1132,1155]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Eomylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was named based on specimens from the late Paleocene of Mongolia (
<bibRefCitation id="EF894B00FFFCFFEC4546FB33A0C7FB58" author="Dashzeveg, D. &amp; D. E. Russell" box="[827,1175,1190,1213]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="129 - 164" refId="ref12656" refString="Dashzeveg, D., and D. E. Russell. 1988. Palaeocene and Eocene Mixodontia (Mammalia, Glires) of Mongolia and China. Palaeontology 31: 129 - 164." type="journal article" year="1988">Dashzeveg and Russell, 1988</bibRefCitation>
), including
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFCFFEC4560FB51A78BFB3E" box="[797,987,1220,1243]" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Eomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zhegdenensis">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFCFFEC4560FB51A78BFB3E" box="[797,987,1220,1243]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">E. zhegdenensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFCFFEC4261FB51A0F0FB3E" baseAuthorityName="Chow &amp; Qi" baseAuthorityYear="1978" box="[1052,1184,1220,1243]" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Eomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="borealis">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFCFFEC4261FB51A0F0FB3E" box="[1052,1184,1220,1243]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">E. borealis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In the same study, another taxon,
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFCFFEC4230FB74A771FAF3" baseAuthorityName="Dashzeveg and Russell" baseAuthorityYear="1988" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Khaychina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elongata">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFCFFEC4230FB74A771FAF3" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Khaychina elongata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, was proposed based on a fragmentary mandible with molars from the Naran Member of the Naran­Bulak Formation. Based on a larger sample of specimens including articulated dentitions from the late Paleocene Zhigden Member of the Naran Bulak Formation at Tsagan Khushu,
<bibRefCitation id="EF894B00FFFCFFEC42F2FA3BA050FA06" author="Kondrashov, P. &amp; A. Lopatin" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="68" refId="ref12942" refString="Kondrashov, P., and A. Lopatin. 2003. Late Paleocene mixodonts from the Tsagan-Khushu locality, Mongolia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 23 (3) suppl. Abstract. 68 A." type="journal article" year="2003">Kondrashov and Lopatin (2003)</bibRefCitation>
were able to recognize that the
<typeStatus id="54A38853FFFCFFEC4505FA7CA78EF9E5" box="[888,990,1513,1536]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFCFFEC4271FA7CA095F9E5" baseAuthorityName="Kondrashov and Lopatin" baseAuthorityYear="2003" box="[1036,1221,1513,1536]" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Eomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zhigdenensis">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFCFFEC4271FA7CA095F9E5" box="[1036,1221,1513,1536]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">E. zhigdenensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a fragmentary maxilla with M12, and the
<typeStatus id="54A38853FFFCFFEC44C6F9B1A771F9DE" box="[699,801,1572,1595]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFCFFEC4532F9B1A06EF9DE" baseAuthorityName="Dashzeveg and Russell" baseAuthorityYear="1988" box="[847,1086,1572,1595]" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Khaychina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elongata">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFCFFEC4532F9B1A06EF9DE" box="[847,1086,1572,1595]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Khaychina elongata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(PSS 30­3,
<bibRefCitation id="EF894B00FFFCFFEC44C6F9D4A046F9BD" author="Dashzeveg, D. &amp; D. E. Russell" box="[699,1046,1601,1624]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="129 - 164" refId="ref12656" refString="Dashzeveg, D., and D. E. Russell. 1988. Palaeocene and Eocene Mixodontia (Mammalia, Glires) of Mongolia and China. Palaeontology 31: 129 - 164." type="journal article" year="1988">Dashzeveg and Russell, 1988</bibRefCitation>
) are conspecific; thus,
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFCFFEC455BF9CAA7F4F993" baseAuthorityName="Dashzeveg and Russell" baseAuthorityYear="1988" box="[806,932,1631,1654]" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Khaychina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFCFFEC455BF9CAA7F4F993" box="[806,932,1631,1654]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Khaychina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFCFFEC4598F9CAA021F993" baseAuthorityName="Dashzeveg and Russell" baseAuthorityYear="1988" box="[997,1137,1631,1654]" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Khaychina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elongata">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFCFFEC4598F9CAA021F993" box="[997,1137,1631,1654]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">K. elongata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are junior synonyms of
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFCFFEC45DEF9E9A057F976" authorityName="Dashzeveg and Russell" authorityYear="1988" box="[931,1031,1660,1683]" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Eomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFCFFEC45DEF9E9A057F976" box="[931,1031,1660,1683]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Eomylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFCFFEC4233F9E9A754F955" baseAuthorityName="Kondrashov and Lopatin" baseAuthorityYear="2003" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Eomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zhigdenensis">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFCFFEC4233F9E9A754F955" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">E. zhigdenensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, respectively.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA736F1FFFCFFEF44A5F923A0F5F9DE" blockId="5.[699,1228,193,1741]" lastBlockId="6.[700,1229,1308,1741]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
In the previous study of the Bayan Ulan Fauna, Meng et al. (1998) tentatively referred some specimens that have the incisor ventral to the cheek teeth and ending at the first molar to?
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFFFFEF4756FAE1A648FA6E" baseAuthorityName="Dashzeveg and Russell" baseAuthorityYear="1988" box="[299,536,1396,1419]" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Khaychina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elongata">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFFFFEF4756FAE1A648FA6E" box="[299,536,1396,1419]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Khaychina elongata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, although the possibility that these specimens represent a new taxon was also entertained. The diastema on the fragmentary mandible (V14127.3) appears long, which is the main reason for the tentative referral, but the lower cheek teeth resemble those of
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFFFFEF4472F9B1A609F9BD" authority="(Dashzeveg and Russell, 1988)" baseAuthorityName="Dashzeveg and Russell" baseAuthorityYear="1988" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Khaychina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elongata">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFFFFEF4472F9B1A4B2F9BD" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Khaychina elongata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF894B00FFFFFFEF468FF9D4A601F9BD" author="Dashzeveg, D. &amp; D. E. Russell" box="[242,593,1601,1624]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="129 - 164" refId="ref12656" refString="Dashzeveg, D., and D. E. Russell. 1988. Palaeocene and Eocene Mixodontia (Mammalia, Glires) of Mongolia and China. Palaeontology 31: 129 - 164." type="journal article" year="1988">Dashzeveg and Russell, 1988</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. For instance, as recognized by
<bibRefCitation id="EF894B00FFFFFFEF47A9F9CBA5D6F976" author="Dashzeveg, D. &amp; D. E. Russell" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="129 - 164" refId="ref12656" refString="Dashzeveg, D., and D. E. Russell. 1988. Palaeocene and Eocene Mixodontia (Mammalia, Glires) of Mongolia and China. Palaeontology 31: 129 - 164." type="journal article" year="1988">Dashzeveg and Russell (1988: 143)</bibRefCitation>
, an oblique groove crosses the talonid basin of
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFFFFEF47C2F90CA673F955" authorityName="Dashzeveg and Russell" authorityYear="1988" box="[447,547,1689,1712]" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Eomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFFFFEF47C2F90CA673F955" box="[447,547,1689,1712]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Eomylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the notch between the metaconid and entoconid to another notch between the hypoconid and hypoconulid; the hypoconulid is well separated from both the entoconid and hypoconid and on m3 forms a distinct third lobe. Given the observations of
<bibRefCitation id="EF894B00FFFFFFEF45D5FA04A75DFA20" author="Kondrashov, P. &amp; A. Lopatin" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="68" refId="ref12942" refString="Kondrashov, P., and A. Lopatin. 2003. Late Paleocene mixodonts from the Tsagan-Khushu locality, Mongolia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 23 (3) suppl. Abstract. 68 A." type="journal article" year="2003">Kondrashov and Lopatin (2003)</bibRefCitation>
, however,
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFFFFEF45F2FA3AA05DFA23" baseAuthorityName="Dashzeveg and Russell" baseAuthorityYear="1988" box="[911,1037,1455,1478]" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Khaychina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFFFFEF45F2FA3AA05DFA23" box="[911,1037,1455,1478]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Khaychina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
should be a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFFFFEF45E5FA59A7ACFA06" authorityName="Dashzeveg and Russell" authorityYear="1988" box="[920,1020,1484,1507]" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Eomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFFFFEF45E5FA59A7ACFA06" box="[920,1020,1484,1507]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Eomylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. With additional specimens, particularly upper cheek teeth collected since 1998, we here regard these Bayan Ulan specimens as a new species.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF676679FFFFFFEF46EBFB07A6DDFB39" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4735145" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4735145" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4735145/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" startId="6.[150,188,1170,1191]" targetBox="[159,1194,186,1149]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8BA736F1FFFFFFEF46EBFB07A6DDFB39" blockId="6.[124,1229,1170,1244]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
Fig. 2. Lower cheek teeth of
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFFFFEF478DFB07A6A9FB42" authority="MENG &amp; WYSS &amp; HU &amp; WANG &amp; BOWEN &amp; KOCH, 2005" authorityName="MENG &amp; WYSS &amp; HU &amp; WANG &amp; BOWEN &amp; KOCH" authorityYear="2005" box="[496,761,1170,1191]" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Eomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bayanulanensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFFFFEF478DFB07A6A9FB42" box="[496,761,1170,1191]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Eomylus bayanulanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25F5798FFFFFFEF4577FB07A76CFB42" box="[778,828,1170,1191]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species">n.sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFFFFEF453AFB07A72CFB42" bold="true" box="[839,892,1170,1191]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">a, b,</emphasis>
lateral and medial views of a partial right mandible with m13 (V14127.1);
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFFFFEF4409FB39A6CEFB24" bold="true" box="[628,670,1196,1217]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">ce,</emphasis>
occlusal, lingual, and labial views of m13. Arrow indicates the direction of trough created by wear.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BA736F1FFFFFFEE44A4F9D4A62DFE18" blockId="6.[700,1229,1308,1741]" lastBlockId="7.[123,652,193,1741]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFFFFEF44A4F9D4A052F9BD" authorityName="MENG &amp; WYSS &amp; HU &amp; WANG &amp; BOWEN &amp; KOCH" authorityYear="2005" box="[729,1026,1601,1624]" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Eomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bayanulanensis">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFFFFEF44A4F9D4A052F9BD" box="[729,1026,1601,1624]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Eomylus bayanulanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFFFFEF42CEF9D4A701F993" baseAuthorityName="Kondrashov and Lopatin" baseAuthorityYear="2003" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Eomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zhigdenensis">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFFFFEF42CEF9D4A701F993" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">E. zhigdenensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having upper cheek teeth less anteroposteriorly shortened and less unilaterally hyspodont. In addition, the molar hypocone and metoconule are more distinct and there is a labial notch between the paracone and metacone on M2. The lower cheek teeth of the two species are similar in size and shape. The m1 and m2 of
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFEFFEE47C0FE8CA48AFEAB" authorityName="MENG &amp; WYSS &amp; HU &amp; WANG &amp; BOWEN &amp; KOCH" authorityYear="2005" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Eomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bayanulanensis">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFEFFEE47C0FE8CA48AFEAB" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Eomylus bayanulanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are less transversely extended. In contrast, these teeth are wider than long in
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFEFFEE4606FEE4A561FE6D" baseAuthorityName="Kondrashov and Lopatin" baseAuthorityYear="2003" box="[123,305,369,392]" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Eomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zhigdenensis">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFEFFEE4606FEE4A561FE6D" box="[123,305,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">E. zhigdenensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The partial anterior cingulid on the lower molars of
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFEFFEE47EAFE1AA63EFE43" authorityName="MENG &amp; WYSS &amp; HU &amp; WANG &amp; BOWEN &amp; KOCH" authorityYear="2005" box="[407,622,399,422]" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Eomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bayanulanensis">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFEFFEE47EAFE1AA63EFE43" box="[407,622,399,422]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">E. bayanulanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is not seen in
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFEFFEE4777FE39A593FE26" baseAuthorityName="Kondrashov and Lopatin" baseAuthorityYear="2003" box="[266,451,428,451]" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Eomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zhigdenensis">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFEFFEE4777FE39A593FE26" box="[266,451,428,451]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">E. zhigdenensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In addition, the mandible of
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFEFFEE4772FE5CA5B5FE05" authorityName="MENG &amp; WYSS &amp; HU &amp; WANG &amp; BOWEN &amp; KOCH" authorityYear="2005" box="[271,485,457,480]" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Eomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bayanulanensis">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFEFFEE4772FE5CA5B5FE05" box="[271,485,457,480]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">E. bayanulanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is proportionally shallower than that of
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFEFFEE47C3FE72A626FE1B" baseAuthorityName="Kondrashov and Lopatin" baseAuthorityYear="2003" box="[446,630,487,510]" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Eomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zhigdenensis">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFEFFEE47C3FE72A626FE1B" box="[446,630,487,510]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">E. zhigdenensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA736F1FFFEFFEE46E5FD91A4EBF928" blockId="7.[123,652,193,1741]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFEFFEE46E5FD91A539FDFE" baseAuthorityName="Chow &amp; Qi" baseAuthorityYear="1978" box="[152,361,516,539]" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Eomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="borealis">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFEFFEE46E5FD91A539FDFE" box="[152,361,516,539]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Eomylus borealis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was originally referred to
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFEFFEE46DDFDB4A547FDDD" authorityName="Li" authorityYear="1977" box="[160,279,545,568]" class="Mammalia" family="Duplicidentata" genus="Mimotona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFEFFEE46DDFDB4A547FDDD" box="[160,279,545,568]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Mimotona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and distinguished from other species of
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFEFFEE477EFDAAA52AFDB3" authorityName="Li" authorityYear="1977" box="[259,378,575,598]" class="Mammalia" family="Duplicidentata" genus="Mimotona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFEFFEE477EFDAAA52AFDB3" box="[259,378,575,598]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Mimotona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the presence of a single incisor in the mandible (
<bibRefCitation id="EF894B00FFFEFFEE479BFDC9A4EAFD75" author="Chow, M. &amp; T. Qi" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="77 - 85" refId="ref12542" refString="Chow, M. - z., and T. Qi. 1978. Paleocene mammalian fossils from Nomogen Formation of Inner Mongolia. Vertebrata PalAsiatica, 16: 77 - 85." type="journal article" year="1978">Chow and Qi, 1978</bibRefCitation>
). This difference was considered sufficient to place the specimen in the eurymylid genus
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFEFFEE46ACFD21A492FD0D" authority="(Dashzeveg and Russell, 1988)" baseAuthorityName="Dashzeveg and Russell" baseAuthorityYear="1988" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Eomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFEFFEE46ACFD21A56CFD2E" box="[209,316,692,715]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Eomylus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF894B00FFFEFFEE472EFD21A4EAFD0D" author="Dashzeveg, D. &amp; D. E. Russell" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="129 - 164" refId="ref12656" refString="Dashzeveg, D., and D. E. Russell. 1988. Palaeocene and Eocene Mixodontia (Mammalia, Glires) of Mongolia and China. Palaeontology 31: 129 - 164." type="journal article" year="1988">Dashzeveg and Russell, 1988</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFEFFEE46AAFD44A5FBFD0D" baseAuthorityName="Chow &amp; Qi" baseAuthorityYear="1978" box="[215,427,721,744]" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Eomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="borealis">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFEFFEE46AAFD44A5FBFD0D" box="[215,427,721,744]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Eomylus borealis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differed from
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFEFFEE440FFD44A540FCE3" baseAuthorityName="Kondrashov and Lopatin" baseAuthorityYear="2003" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Eomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zhigdenensis">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFEFFEE440FFD44A540FCE3" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">E. zhigdenensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its greater size and by the presence of a deep groove in the lower molars between the hypoconid and the hypoconulid (
<bibRefCitation id="EF894B00FFFEFFEE477FFCD3A4FAFC9E" author="Dashzeveg, D. &amp; D. E. Russell" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="129 - 164" refId="ref12656" refString="Dashzeveg, D., and D. E. Russell. 1988. Palaeocene and Eocene Mixodontia (Mammalia, Glires) of Mongolia and China. Palaeontology 31: 129 - 164." type="journal article" year="1988">Dashzeveg and Russell, 1988: 138</bibRefCitation>
). However, the lower dentition referred to
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFEFFEE46E3FC14A508FC7D" baseAuthorityName="Kondrashov and Lopatin" baseAuthorityYear="2003" box="[158,344,897,920]" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Eomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zhigdenensis">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFEFFEE46E3FC14A508FC7D" box="[158,344,897,920]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">E. zhigdenensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is now considered to be from an unnamed species of
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFEFFEE47A3FC0AA605FC53" baseAuthorityName="Kondrashov and Lopatin" baseAuthorityYear="2003" box="[478,597,927,950]" class="Mammalia" genus="Sinomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFEFFEE47A3FC0AA605FC53" box="[478,597,927,950]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Sinomylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the lower jaw originally referred to
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFEFFEE4439FC29A579FC15" baseAuthorityName="Dashzeveg and Russell" baseAuthorityYear="1988" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Khaychina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elongata">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFEFFEE4439FC29A579FC15" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Khaychina elongata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(PSS 30­3) is now transferred to
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFEFFEE46E7FC62A492FBCE" authority="(Kondrashov and Lopatin, 2003)" baseAuthorityName="Kondrashov and Lopatin" baseAuthorityYear="2003" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Eomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zhigdenensis">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFEFFEE46E7FC62A500FBEB" box="[154,336,1015,1038]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">E. zhigdenensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF894B00FFFEFFEE4722FC63A4EAFBCE" author="Kondrashov, P. &amp; A. Lopatin" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="68" refId="ref12942" refString="Kondrashov, P., and A. Lopatin. 2003. Late Paleocene mixodonts from the Tsagan-Khushu locality, Mongolia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 23 (3) suppl. Abstract. 68 A." type="journal article" year="2003">Kondrashov and Lopatin, 2003</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EF894B00FFFEFFEE46B3FB81A661FBCE" author="Dashzeveg, D. &amp; D. E. Russell" box="[206,561,1044,1067]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="129 - 164" refId="ref12656" refString="Dashzeveg, D., and D. E. Russell. 1988. Palaeocene and Eocene Mixodontia (Mammalia, Glires) of Mongolia and China. Palaeontology 31: 129 - 164." type="journal article" year="1988">Dashzeveg and Russell (1988)</bibRefCitation>
did not make comparisons between the lower jaw of
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFEFFEE4606FBDAA4AFFB83" baseAuthorityName="Chow &amp; Qi" baseAuthorityYear="1978" box="[123,255,1103,1126]" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Eomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="borealis">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFEFFEE4606FBDAA4AFFB83" box="[123,255,1103,1126]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">E. borealis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and PSS 30­3. Although
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFEFFEE4442FBDAA4EDFB66" baseAuthorityName="Chow &amp; Qi" baseAuthorityYear="1978" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Eomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="borealis">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFEFFEE4442FBDAA4EDFB66" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">E. borealis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is larger than
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFEFFEE4704FBF9A663FB66" baseAuthorityName="Kondrashov and Lopatin" baseAuthorityYear="2003" box="[377,563,1132,1155]" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Eomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zhigdenensis">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFEFFEE4704FBF9A663FB66" box="[377,563,1132,1155]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">E. zhigdenensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(based on PSS 30­3) in terms of lower cheek tooth dimensions, the deep groove in the lower molars between the hypoconid and the hypoconulid is no longer diagnostic of
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFEFFEE443FFB74A4EDFAF3" baseAuthorityName="Chow &amp; Qi" baseAuthorityYear="1978" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Eomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="borealis">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFEFFEE443FFB74A4EDFAF3" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">E. borealis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. This condition is present in the three species currently recognized in the genus. The features that are unique to PSS 30­3 include a long diastema between the incisor and p3, the proclivity of the incisor, and shallow anterior part of the mandible (
<bibRefCitation id="EF894B00FFFEFFEE4477FA04A50DFA20" author="Dashzeveg, D. &amp; D. E. Russell" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="129 - 164" refId="ref12656" refString="Dashzeveg, D., and D. E. Russell. 1988. Palaeocene and Eocene Mixodontia (Mammalia, Glires) of Mongolia and China. Palaeontology 31: 129 - 164." type="journal article" year="1988">Dashzeveg and Russell, 1988</bibRefCitation>
). These features are not preserved in the
<typeStatus id="54A38853FFFEFFEE4726FA59A591FA06" box="[347,449,1484,1507]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFEFFEE4786FA59A6D4FA06" baseAuthorityName="Chow &amp; Qi" baseAuthorityYear="1978" box="[507,644,1484,1507]" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Eomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="borealis">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFEFFEE4786FA59A6D4FA06" box="[507,644,1484,1507]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">E. borealis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EF894B00FFFEFFEE4606FA7CA675F9E5" author="Dashzeveg, D. &amp; D. E. Russell" box="[123,549,1513,1536]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="129 - 164" refId="ref12656" refString="Dashzeveg, D., and D. E. Russell. 1988. Palaeocene and Eocene Mixodontia (Mammalia, Glires) of Mongolia and China. Palaeontology 31: 129 - 164." type="journal article" year="1988">Dashzeveg and Russell (1988: 141)</bibRefCitation>
, however, recognized that PSS 30­3 further differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFEFFEE46A8F9B1A569F9DE" baseAuthorityName="Dashzeveg and Russell" baseAuthorityYear="1988" box="[213,313,1572,1595]" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Eomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFEFFEE46A8F9B1A569F9DE" box="[213,313,1572,1595]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Eomylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having lower crowned molars with a smaller hypoconulid. Thus, it can be rephrased that
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFEFFEE4704F9CAA5A9F993" baseAuthorityName="Chow &amp; Qi" baseAuthorityYear="1978" box="[377,505,1631,1654]" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Eomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="borealis">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFEFFEE4704F9CAA5A9F993" box="[377,505,1631,1654]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">E. borealis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFEFFEE4606F9E9A566F976" baseAuthorityName="Kondrashov and Lopatin" baseAuthorityYear="2003" box="[123,310,1660,1683]" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Eomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zhigdenensis">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFEFFEE4606F9E9A566F976" box="[123,310,1660,1683]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">E. zhigdenensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in being larger and having higher crowned molars with larger hypoconulids.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA736F1FFFEFFEE44A5FF54A032FE40" blockId="7.[699,1228,193,422]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFEFFEE44A5FF54A7AAFF3D" authorityName="MENG &amp; WYSS &amp; HU &amp; WANG &amp; BOWEN &amp; KOCH" authorityYear="2005" box="[728,1018,193,216]" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Eomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bayanulanensis">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFEFFEE44A5FF54A7AAFF3D" box="[728,1018,193,216]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Eomylus bayanulanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the smallest of the three species, although the size differences between these species are not significant. Its m1 and m2 are less transversely extended than those of
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFEFFEE4526FEA2A78BFEAB" baseAuthorityName="Chow &amp; Qi" baseAuthorityYear="1978" box="[859,987,311,334]" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Eomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="borealis">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFEFFEE4526FEA2A78BFEAB" box="[859,987,311,334]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">E. borealis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The partial anterior cingulid on the lower molars and relatively smaller hypoconulid of
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFEFFEE4591FEE4A09BFE6D" authorityName="MENG &amp; WYSS &amp; HU &amp; WANG &amp; BOWEN &amp; KOCH" authorityYear="2005" box="[1004,1227,369,392]" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Eomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bayanulanensis">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFEFFEE4591FEE4A09BFE6D" box="[1004,1227,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">E. bayanulanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also distinguish it from
<taxonomicName id="4C184D72FFFEFFEE45A4FE1AA00BFE43" baseAuthorityName="Chow &amp; Qi" baseAuthorityYear="1978" box="[985,1115,399,422]" class="Mammalia" family="Eurymylidae" genus="Eomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Glires" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="borealis">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE3FFFEFFEE45A4FE1AA00BFE43" box="[985,1115,399,422]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">E. borealis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>