518 lines
63 KiB
XML
518 lines
63 KiB
XML
<document id="313FBAD98B1680E3B7425DFAE5478263" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.273210" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6b2f3644-0cd0-4cf3-960a-deb2f79da5fa" ID-ISSN="11755326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="273210" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459715362992" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Opresko, D. M." docDate="2005" docId="03F587B7FF88B77CFEEEFE2DFE62ED6E" docLanguage="en" docName="zt00852.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 852" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF.3:Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleId="FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Antipathes dendrochristos Opresko, 2005, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="10" masterDocId="FFCCFFCFFF8AB775FFE6FFC9FFADEF48" masterDocTitle="A new species of antipatharian coral (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Antipatharia) from the southern California Bight" masterLastPageNumber="10" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="3" updateTime="1698207774416" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="1147AE4C84133C65BF084864843888D5">
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<mods:title id="0878D8038D082722E8598F67CE0E4AD9">A new species of antipatharian coral (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Antipatharia) from the southern California Bight</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="9580FAF9628F34C833480E9F7FB298DC" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="8F829A0EBE80FB1B971C6AC97678E7E3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="1233AEAEE8D44EE8CEB8FD8045632FF7">Opresko, D. M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="708356483BC6C362AEFD6975ACD6CFDA">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="4160AFB38DDA85D4D3A4C61D9BE89BE6">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="D6A3365EA17E486EBEA28E8D02B2A18B">
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<mods:date id="208656D692FC69685B2CBBF87B4E11EE">2005</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="E0433538EF9B36D710D9B8807288DE6E">852</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="282B91E990BD9C72CA5ADD0929F75E34">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="A8BEF37EE94A0650F3A875E43C4B34F0" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.273210</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="4520D26A11AED16D967F0BD81F2A61DD" type="GBIF-Dataset">6b2f3644-0cd0-4cf3-960a-deb2f79da5fa</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="A271D93F97E4BD0A592F7936E555BECA" type="ISSN">11755326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="5191480FA1B60B172633CB6781F4E73C" type="Zenodo-Dep">273210</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F587B7FF88B77CFEEEFE2DFE62ED6E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6269164" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119334450" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6269164" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3C5D0E96-5377-4871-A2CC-011B431629AE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F587B7FF88B77CFEEEFE2DFE62ED6E" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<subSubSection id="C346652AFF88B777FEEEFE2DFD71EEB5" box="[264,732,483,510]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE336A1FF88B777FEEEFE2DFD71EEB5" blockId="2.[264,732,483,510]" box="[264,732,483,510]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<heading id="D0AB81CDFF88B777FEEEFE2DFD71EEB5" bold="true" box="[264,732,483,510]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF88B777FEEEFE2DFD71EEB5" bold="true" box="[264,732,483,510]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D22FF88B777FEEEFE2DFDE8EEB6" ID-CoL="F298" box="[264,581,484,510]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dendrochristos" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF88B777FEEEFE2DFDE8EEB6" bold="true" box="[264,581,484,510]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Antipathes dendrochristos</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B57C8FF88B777FDAAFE2AFD71EEB5" box="[588,732,483,509]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346652AFF88B777FEEEFDE7FB4CEC29" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BE336A1FF88B777FEEEFDE7FC30ED39" blockId="2.[264,1325,558,1225]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF88B777FEEEFDE7FE2CED00" bold="true" box="[264,385,558,584]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<typeStatus id="54E78803FF88B777FEEEFDE7FED1ED00" box="[264,380,558,584]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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<collectionCode id="ED4DAE64FF88B777FE6EFDE6FE70ED01" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[392,477,559,585]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">USNM</collectionCode>
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1026793, in the southern California Bight,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE685066FF88B777FC3EFDE6FBDCED01" box="[984,1137,559,585]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" precision="1" value="33.965233">33º57.914’N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE685066FF88B777FB9AFDE6FA8BED01" box="[1148,1318,559,585]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" precision="1" value="-119.49298">119º29.579’W</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity id="4CA49B44FF88B777FEEEFD9EFEEBED39" box="[264,326,599,625]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.6" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="m" value="96.0">96 m</quantity>
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, Delta Dive 6147,
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<date id="FFE21061FF88B777FDC4FD9EFD47ED39" box="[546,746,599,625]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" value="2003-10-13">13 October 2003</date>
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, coll. M. Love.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE336A1FF88B777FEDEFDB7FB4CEC29" blockId="2.[264,1325,558,1225]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF88B777FEDEFDB7FDADEDD0" bold="true" box="[312,512,638,664]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Other Material</emphasis>
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.
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<typeStatus id="54E78803FF88B777FDFFFDB6FDD2EDD1" box="[537,639,639,665]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
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(
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<collectionCode id="ED4DAE64FF88B777FD7EFDB6FD42EDD1" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[664,751,639,665]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">USNM</collectionCode>
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1026794), in the southern California Bight,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE685066FF88B777FEEEFD6EFE0CED89" box="[264,417,679,705]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" precision="1" value="33.9649">33º57.894’N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE685066FF88B777FE49FD6EFDF4ED89" box="[431,601,679,705]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" precision="1" value="-119.48905">119º29.343’W</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity id="4CA49B44FF88B777FD8EFD6EFD15ED89" box="[616,696,679,705]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="m" value="120.0">120 m</quantity>
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, Delta Dive 6145,
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<date id="FFE21061FF88B777FC46FD6EFBC0ED89" box="[928,1133,679,705]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" value="2003-10-13">13 October 2003</date>
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, coll. M. Love;
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<collectionCode id="ED4DAE64FF88B777FEEEFD06FEF0EDA1" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[264,349,719,745]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">USNM</collectionCode>
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1070773, Pilgrim Bank,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE685066FF88B777FD74FD06FCB1EDA1" box="[658,796,719,745]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" precision="9" value="33.7055">33º42.33’N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE685066FF88B777FCCCFD06FC6BEDA1" box="[810,966,719,745]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" precision="9" value="-119.137">119º08.22’W</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity id="4CA49B44FF88B777FC33FD06FB88EDA1" box="[981,1061,719,745]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</quantity>
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, Delta Dive 5848,
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<date id="FFE21061FF88B777FAEBFD06FE00EC59" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" value="2002-10-30">30 October 2002</date>
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, coll. T. Laidig;
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<collectionCode id="ED4DAE64FF88B777FD95FD3EFD65EC59" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[627,712,759,785]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">USNM</collectionCode>
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1070774, Kidney Bank,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE685066FF88B777FC12FD3EFBD3EC59" box="[1012,1150,759,785]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" precision="9" value="33.672333">33º40.34’N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE685066FF88B777FB6DFD3EFA8BEC59" box="[1163,1318,759,785]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" precision="9" value="-119.186165">119º11.17’W</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity id="4CA49B44FF88B777FEEEFCD6FEFAEC71" box="[264,343,799,825]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</quantity>
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, Delta Dive 5850,
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<date id="FFE21061FF88B777FDDCFCD6FCA8EC71" box="[570,773,799,825]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" value="2002-10-31">31 October 2002</date>
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, coll. M. Love;
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<collectionCode id="ED4DAE64FF88B777FC21FCD6FBB1EC71" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[967,1052,799,825]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">USNM</collectionCode>
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1070775 Anacapa Id.,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE685066FF88B777FEEEFC8EFEC0EC29" box="[264,365,839,865]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" precision="925" value="33.95">33º57’N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE685066FF88B777FE9FFC8EFE5DEC29" box="[377,496,839,865]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" precision="925" value="-119.48333">119º29’W</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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||
<quantity id="4CA49B44FF88B777FE1AFC8EFDE5EC29" box="[508,584,839,865]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="m" value="110.0">110 m</quantity>
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||
, Delta Dive 5877,
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<date id="FFE21061FF88B777FCC5FC8EFC54EC29" box="[803,1017,839,865]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" value="2002-11-05">5 November 2002</date>
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, coll. L. Wooninck.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C346652AFF88B777FEDEFCA7FDA3EB81" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="diagnosis">
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||
<paragraph id="8BE336A1FF88B777FEDEFCA7FDA3EB81" blockId="2.[264,1325,558,1225]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF88B777FEDEFCA7FE1DECC0" bold="true" box="[312,432,878,904]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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. Multibranched, bushy colonies reaching a size of
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<quantity id="4CA49B44FF88B777FBF2FCA6FBEFECC1" box="[1044,1090,879,905]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="m" value="2.0">2 m</quantity>
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or more (
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<figureCitation id="13672A24FF88B777FB5DFCA6FB52ECC1" box="[1211,1279,879,905]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[264,367,1806,1830]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,1324,1792]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[264,1323,1324,1793]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Antipathes dendrochristos n. sp.: A, in situ photo of whitecolored variant, Delta Dive 5851, 122 m, southern California Bight; B, closeup view of polyps of pinkishorange color form, Delta Dive 6145, 120 m." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273211/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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A), with long plumose fronds. Branches and branchlets free and not anastomosing. Highest order branchlets usually less than
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<quantity id="4CA49B44FF88B777FD7AFC76FD7AEC91" box="[668,727,959,985]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
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long and inclined distally; tending to be arranged bilaterally and alternately, five to six per centimeter, but not strictly uniform in orientation. A small number of additional branchlets coming off at various angles to the lateral branchlets. Spines small, conical, smooth, mostly
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<quantity id="4CA49B44FF88B777FCB1FBFEFBAFEB19" box="[855,1026,1079,1105]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="0.08" valueMax="0.09" valueMin="0.07">0.07–0.09 mm</quantity>
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in height, with a rounded apex. Polyps usually
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<quantity id="4CA49B44FF88B777FDF2FB96FDF4EB31" box="[532,601,1119,1145]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
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||
to
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||
<quantity id="4CA49B44FF88B777FD63FB96FD4CEB31" box="[645,737,1119,1145]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="1.4">1.4 mm</quantity>
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||
in transverse diameter (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13672A24FF88B777FBE1FB96FBE1EB31" box="[1031,1100,1119,1145]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[264,367,1806,1830]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,1324,1792]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[264,1323,1324,1793]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Antipathes dendrochristos n. sp.: A, in situ photo of whitecolored variant, Delta Dive 5851, 122 m, southern California Bight; B, closeup view of polyps of pinkishorange color form, Delta Dive 6145, 120 m." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273211/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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B), with relatively short, blunt tentacles. Color of living colonies white, gold/orange, pinkishorange, pink, red, or reddishbrown.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF236629FF88B777FEEEF8C7FDBDE823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273211/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" targetBox="[264,1323,1324,1792]" targetPageId="2">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE336A1FF88B777FEEEF8C7FDBDE823" blockId="2.[264,1323,1806,1899]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF88B777FEEEF8C7FE2EE86E" bold="true" box="[264,387,1806,1830]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">FIGURE 1</emphasis>
|
||
.
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D22FF88B777FE74F8C6FD07E86E" box="[402,682,1807,1830]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dendrochristos" status="sp. nov.">
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||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF88B777FE74F8C6FD07E86E" box="[402,682,1807,1830]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Antipathes dendrochristos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B57C8FF88B777FD57F8C7FD40E86D" box="[689,749,1806,1829]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
: A,
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||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF88B777FCFFF8C6FCF6E86E" box="[793,859,1807,1830]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">in situ</emphasis>
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||
photo of whitecolored variant, Delta Dive 5851, 122 m, southern California Bight; B, closeup view of polyps of pinkishorange color form, Delta Dive 6145, 120 m.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C346652AFF89B773FEDEFED2FBA9EEE6" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE336A1FF89B776FEDEFED2FDD2ED06" blockId="3.[264,1324,283,590]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF89B776FEDEFED2FD3BEE7D" bold="true" box="[312,662,283,309]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
Description of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E78803FF89B776FDCDFED2FD3BEE7D" box="[555,662,283,309]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. The specimen selected as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E78803FF89B776FBFDFED5FB2FEE7E" box="[1051,1154,284,310]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
was white in color when alive. It is in two pieces (the larger part is shown in
|
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<figureCitation id="13672A24FF89B776FBF1FE8DFBF3EE16" box="[1047,1118,324,350]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[264,367,1810,1834]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,671,1783]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[264,1323,649,1783]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Antipathes dendrochristos n. sp., holotype (USNM 1026793): A, larger part of corallum; B, closeup view of branches with branchlets; C, branches with polyps; D closeup view of polyps." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273212/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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||
A), and the combined estimated height is
|
||
<quantity id="4CA49B44FF89B776FDDEFEA5FD28EECE" box="[568,645,364,390]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="cm" value="51.0">51 cm</quantity>
|
||
. The width is about
|
||
<quantity id="4CA49B44FF89B776FC66FEA5FC61EECE" box="[896,972,364,390]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="cm" value="75.0">75 cm</quantity>
|
||
, and the diameter of the stem near its basal end is about
|
||
<quantity id="4CA49B44FF89B776FDDBFE5DFD36EEE6" box="[573,667,404,430]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="5.4">5.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
. The corallum is branched to the seventh order. Several main branches are
|
||
<quantity id="4CA49B44FF89B776FE0AFE75FD9AEE9E" box="[492,567,444,470]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="cm" value="50.0">50 cm</quantity>
|
||
or more in length and about
|
||
<quantity id="4CA49B44FF89B776FC7DFE75FC5AEE9E" box="[923,1015,444,470]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="4.8">4.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter at their basal end. Branches arise irregularly at various points along the stem and lower order branches, extend out on all sides, and are generally directed distally relative to the lower order branches from which they arise.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF236629FF89B776FEEEF8DBFEFBE826" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273212/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" targetBox="[264,1323,671,1783]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE336A1FF89B776FEEEF8DBFEFBE826" blockId="3.[264,1324,1810,1902]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF89B776FEEEF8DBFE29E862" bold="true" box="[264,388,1810,1834]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">FIGURE 2</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D22FF89B776FE72F8DBFD01E861" box="[404,684,1810,1833]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dendrochristos" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF89B776FE72F8DBFD01E861" box="[404,684,1810,1833]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Antipathes dendrochristos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B57C8FF89B776FD53F8DBFD5CE861" box="[693,753,1810,1833]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, holotype (USNM 1026793): A, larger part of corallum; B, closeup view of branches with branchlets; C, branches with polyps; D closeup view of polyps.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE336A1FF8EB771FEDEFED5FD87EEB6" blockId="4.[264,1323,284,870]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
Many of the terminal branchlets are arranged bilaterally and in an alternate pattern of varying regularity (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13672A24FF8EB771FE0FFE8DFD9CEE16" box="[489,561,324,350]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[264,367,1810,1834]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,671,1783]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[264,1323,649,1783]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Antipathes dendrochristos n. sp., holotype (USNM 1026793): A, larger part of corallum; B, closeup view of branches with branchlets; C, branches with polyps; D closeup view of polyps." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273212/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
B). Branchlets also occur randomly on the front and back sides of the branches. These additional branchlets develop at various positions relative to the lateral branchlets; in places, they are at right angles to the plane containing the two lateral rows and sometimes confined to only one side of the branch, thus giving the appearance of three rows of branchlets.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE336A1FF8EB771FEDEFDC5FBF3EC2E" blockId="4.[264,1323,284,870]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
Terminal branchlets without subbranches are mostly
|
||
<quantity id="4CA49B44FF8EB771FC50FDC5FB97ED6E" box="[950,1082,524,550]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="cm" value="0.6" valueMax="0.7" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.7 cm</quantity>
|
||
in length; a few are up to about
|
||
<quantity id="4CA49B44FF8EB771FE72FDFDFE49ED06" box="[404,484,564,590]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="cm" value="1.5">1.5 cm</quantity>
|
||
long. Most branchlets greater than
|
||
<quantity id="4CA49B44FF8EB771FC63FDFDFC6DED06" box="[901,960,564,590]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
|
||
usually have one or more subbranchlets. The branchlets are directed distally, with the distal angle commonly about 45º. The interior angle formed by the two lateral rows is frequently near 180º, but varies from less than 90º to greater than 180º. The orientation of the plane containing the lateral branchlets can vary in position on different parts of the same branch, and from branch to branch. The lateral branchlets are
|
||
<quantity id="4CA49B44FF8EB771FD4DFD35FCA2EC5E" box="[683,783,764,790]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="2.0">2–5 mm</quantity>
|
||
apart, with 3–4 branchlets per centimeter on each side and generally 5–6 per centimeter for both rows (up to 7–8 per centimeter in places where branchlets also are present on the front or back of the axis).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF236629FF8EB771FEEEF969FD4FE992" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273213/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" targetBox="[264,1323,929,1668]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE336A1FF8EB771FEEEF969FD4FE992" blockId="4.[264,1323,1696,1754]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF8EB771FEEEF969FE26E9F0" bold="true" box="[264,395,1696,1720]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">FIGURE 3</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D22FF8EB771FE44F968FD6FE9F0" box="[418,706,1697,1720]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dendrochristos" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF8EB771FE44F968FD6FE9F0" box="[418,706,1697,1720]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Antipathes dendrochristos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B57C8FF8EB771FD37F969FCB9E9FF" box="[721,788,1696,1719]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, holotype (USNM 1026793): A–D, spines on branchlets and branches. Scale bars 0.1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE336A1FF8EB770FEDEF8C7FDBEEDD6" blockId="4.[264,1323,1806,1872]" lastBlockId="5.[264,1325,284,1870]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
The spines are conical, smooth, with a narrow, but slightly rounded apex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13672A24FF8EB771FB71F8C7FB72E860" box="[1175,1247,1806,1832]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[264,367,1696,1720]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,929,1668]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[264,1323,929,1669]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Antipathes dendrochristos n. sp., holotype (USNM 1026793): A – D, spines on branchlets and branches. Scale bars 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273213/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figs 3</figureCitation>
|
||
A–D). They are usually inclined distally, but some individual spines may slant downward towards the base of the branchlet. The spines range in size from about
|
||
<quantity id="4CA49B44FF8FB770FB82FED5FB62EE7E" box="[1124,1231,284,310]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="0.07">0.07 mm</quantity>
|
||
to
|
||
<quantity id="4CA49B44FF8FB770FB1EFED5FE9BEE16" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="0.09">0.09 mm</quantity>
|
||
(as measured from the tip to the center of the base). The polypar spines are slightly larger than the abpolypar spines, and they tend to be directed more horizontally than the abpolypar spines. Spines near the tips of the branchlets often have the appearance of being strongly inclined distally, with a flared base (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13672A24FF8FB770FCFFFE75FCF3EE9E" box="[793,862,444,470]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[264,367,1696,1720]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,929,1668]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[264,1323,929,1669]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Antipathes dendrochristos n. sp., holotype (USNM 1026793): A – D, spines on branchlets and branches. Scale bars 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273213/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
A). Four to six rows of spines are visible in lateral view (excluding rows in which the spines are only partially visible), and within each row the spines are spaced mostly
|
||
<quantity id="4CA49B44FF8FB770FCC0FDC5FC7FED6E" box="[806,978,524,550]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="0.24" valueMax="0.27" valueMin="0.21">0.21–0.27 mm</quantity>
|
||
apart (range
|
||
<quantity id="4CA49B44FF8FB770FB89FDC5FAB2ED6E" box="[1135,1311,524,550]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.45" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.9" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="0.245" valueMax="0.3" valueMin="0.19">0.19–0.30 mm</quantity>
|
||
). The spines on the larger branches are similar in size and density to those on the smaller branchlets but appear more acicular (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13672A24FF8FB770FD5DFD95FCADED3E" box="[699,768,604,630]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[264,367,1696,1720]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,929,1668]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[264,1323,929,1669]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Antipathes dendrochristos n. sp., holotype (USNM 1026793): A – D, spines on branchlets and branches. Scale bars 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273213/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
D). The spines on the stem are similar to those on the larger branches.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE336A1FF8FB770FEDEFD65FB26ECFE" blockId="5.[264,1325,284,1870]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
The polyps (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13672A24FF8FB770FE2AFD65FDBBED8E" box="[460,534,684,710]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[264,367,1810,1834]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,671,1783]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[264,1323,649,1783]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Antipathes dendrochristos n. sp., holotype (USNM 1026793): A, larger part of corallum; B, closeup view of branches with branchlets; C, branches with polyps; D closeup view of polyps." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273212/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs 2</figureCitation>
|
||
C–D) are
|
||
<quantity id="4CA49B44FF8FB770FD6BFD65FCA8ED8E" box="[653,773,684,710]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="1.2" valueMax="1.4" valueMin="1.0">1–1.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
in transverse diameter. On the branchlets they are arranged uniserially, with seven to nine per centimeter along the axis. The polyps do not have the same orientation from branchlet to branchlet; therefore, the corallum, as a whole, does not have a polypar and abpolypar side. Small polyps are sometimes interspersed between the larger ones. In the preserved material the polyp tentacles are short and have a blunt, rounded apex. On the larger branches the polyps are not arranged as uniserially as those on the branchlets, and some occur on opposite sides of the axis.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE336A1FF8FB770FEDEFC0DFD7AEA56" blockId="5.[264,1325,284,1870]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF8FB770FEDEFC0DFCF4EC96" bold="true" box="[312,857,964,990]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Description of pinkishorange color variant</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34B7631FF8FB770FC8EFC0DFC24EC96" box="[872,905,964,990]" name="American Samoa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">As</collectingCountry>
|
||
noted above, this species occurs in color forms other than white. A specimen (USNM 1026794) reported to have a pinkishorange color when alive will be described here in detail for comparison with the white
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E78803FF8FB770FEEEFBF5FEDFEB1E" box="[264,370,1084,1110]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. The corallum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13672A24FF8FB770FDD6FBF5FDD8EB1E" box="[560,629,1084,1110]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[264,367,1410,1434]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,529,1382]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[264,1323,529,1383]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Antipathes dendrochristos n. sp., pinkishorange form, paratype (USNM 1026794): A, entire corallum; B, closeup view of branches with branchlets; C, branchlets with polyps." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273214/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
A) is about
|
||
<quantity id="4CA49B44FF8FB770FD18FBF5FCEBEB1E" box="[766,838,1084,1110]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="cm" value="47.0">47 cm</quantity>
|
||
tall and about
|
||
<quantity id="4CA49B44FF8FB770FC14FBF5FB97EB1E" box="[1010,1082,1084,1110]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="cm" value="35.0">35 cm</quantity>
|
||
wide. There are two holdfasts and two stems, both extending to the top of the corallum. Both stems have a basal diameter of about
|
||
<quantity id="4CA49B44FF8FB770FDC3FB45FD2FEBEE" box="[549,642,1164,1190]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="3.7">3.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
. The corallum is branched to the fifth order. The largest branch is
|
||
<quantity id="4CA49B44FF8FB770FE9BFB7DFE6AEB86" box="[381,455,1204,1230]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="cm" value="30.0">30 cm</quantity>
|
||
long and about 2.0 mm in basal diameter. Branches tend to form pinnulated fronds
|
||
<quantity id="4CA49B44FF8FB770FE40FB15FDAFEBBE" box="[422,514,1244,1270]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="cm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4 cm</quantity>
|
||
wide, but these may be up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CA49B44FF8FB770FC76FB15FC73EBBE" box="[912,990,1244,1270]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="cm" value="10.0">10 cm</quantity>
|
||
across in cases where the branchlets are developed into branches.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE336A1FF8FB770FEDEFAE5FC9AE916" blockId="5.[264,1325,284,1870]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34B7631FF8FB770FEDEFAE5FEF4EA0E" box="[312,345,1324,1350]" name="American Samoa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">As</collectingCountry>
|
||
in the white variety, the smallest branchlets of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E78803FF8FB770FC50FAE5FBB6EA0E" box="[950,1051,1324,1350]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
are arranged primarily bilaterally and alternately (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13672A24FF8FB770FDA1FA9DFD22EA26" box="[583,655,1364,1390]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[264,367,1410,1434]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,529,1382]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[264,1323,529,1383]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Antipathes dendrochristos n. sp., pinkishorange form, paratype (USNM 1026794): A, entire corallum; B, closeup view of branches with branchlets; C, branchlets with polyps." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273214/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
B), the two lateral rows often nearly opposite each other (interior angle close to 180º). The terminal branchlets are up to about
|
||
<quantity id="4CA49B44FF8FB770FBBAFAB5FB35EADE" box="[1116,1176,1404,1430]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
|
||
long before becoming subbranched. Branchlets that are
|
||
<quantity id="4CA49B44FF8FB770FCF3FA6DFC35EAF6" box="[789,920,1444,1470]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="cm" value="0.5" valueMax="0.6" valueMin="0.4">0.4–0.6 cm</quantity>
|
||
in length are
|
||
<quantity id="4CA49B44FF8FB770FBD0FA6DFB6EEAF6" box="[1078,1219,1444,1470]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="0.35" valueMax="0.4" valueMin="0.3">0.3–0.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
in thickness at the base (excluding the spines); those
|
||
<quantity id="4CA49B44FF8FB770FCF8FA05FCF5EAAE" box="[798,856,1484,1510]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
|
||
long are about
|
||
<quantity id="4CA49B44FF8FB770FBE9FA05FBC7EAAE" box="[1039,1130,1484,1510]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
thick, and those
|
||
<quantity id="4CA49B44FF8FB770FEEEFA3DFEF5E946" box="[264,344,1524,1550]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="cm" value="1.6">1.6 cm</quantity>
|
||
long are about
|
||
<quantity id="4CA49B44FF8FB770FDF6FA3DFDC6E946" box="[528,619,1524,1550]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="1.3">1.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
thick. The branchlets are for the most part directed distally, with the distal angle usually 4050º. The density of the terminal branchlets is very similar to that of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E78803FF8FB770FE42F98DFDA3E916" box="[420,526,1604,1630]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, with 5–8 per centimeter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE336A1FF8FB773FEDEF9A5FDA1EE16" blockId="5.[264,1325,284,1870]" lastBlockId="6.[264,1322,284,430]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
The spines on the branchlets and branches (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13672A24FF8FB770FCAEF9A5FC3EE9CE" box="[840,915,1644,1670]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[264,367,1336,1360]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,569,1308]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[264,1323,569,1309]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Antipathes dendrochristos n. sp., pinkishorange form, paratype (USNM 1026794): A – D, spines on branchlets and branches. Scale bars 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273215/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs 5</figureCitation>
|
||
A–D) are very similar in size and shape to those in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E78803FF8FB770FE1DF95DFDC8E9E6" box="[507,613,1684,1710]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
; i.e., slightly unequal in size around the circumference of the axis, with those on one side more horizontally directed than those on the opposite side. The height of the spines ranges from about
|
||
<quantity id="4CA49B44FF8FB770FCEFF92DFCDEE9B6" box="[777,883,1764,1790]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="0.08">0.08 mm</quantity>
|
||
to
|
||
<quantity id="4CA49B44FF8FB770FC7FF92DFBA8E9B6" box="[921,1029,1764,1790]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="0.11">0.11 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Four rows of spines are visible in lateral view, and within each row the spines are usually spaced
|
||
<quantity id="4CA49B44FF8FB770FB98F8C5FA86E86E" box="[1150,1323,1804,1830]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="0.26" valueMax="0.28" valueMin="0.24">0.24–0.28 mm</quantity>
|
||
apart. The spines are not much larger or more densely arranged on the larger branches (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13672A24FF8CB773FEF7FED5FEFBEE7E" box="[273,342,284,310]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[264,367,1336,1360]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,569,1308]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[264,1323,569,1309]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Antipathes dendrochristos n. sp., pinkishorange form, paratype (USNM 1026794): A – D, spines on branchlets and branches. Scale bars 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273215/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
D). The polyps (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13672A24FF8CB773FDF0FED5FDF1EE7E" box="[534,604,284,310]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[264,367,1410,1434]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,529,1382]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[264,1323,529,1383]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Antipathes dendrochristos n. sp., pinkishorange form, paratype (USNM 1026794): A, entire corallum; B, closeup view of branches with branchlets; C, branchlets with polyps." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273214/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
C) are
|
||
<quantity id="4CA49B44FF8CB773FD4DFED5FC95EE7E" box="[683,824,284,310]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.1" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="1.0" valueMax="1.1" valueMin="0.9">0.9–1.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
in transverse diameter, with 9–10 per centimeter along the axis.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE336A1FF8CB773FEDEFEA5FBA9EEE6" blockId="6.[264,1322,284,430]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Overall, there are no substantial differences in morphology of the corallum, spines and polyps between this pinkishorange form and the white
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E78803FF8CB773FC70FE5DFBACEEE6" box="[918,1025,404,430]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF236629FF8CB773FEEEFA4BFB12EAF4" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273214/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" targetBox="[264,1323,529,1382]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE336A1FF8CB773FEEEFA4BFB12EAF4" blockId="6.[264,1323,1410,1468]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF8CB773FEEEFA4BFE2EEAD2" bold="true" box="[264,387,1410,1434]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">FIGURE 4</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D22FF8CB773FE77FA4BFD04EAD1" box="[401,681,1410,1433]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dendrochristos" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF8CB773FE77FA4BFD04EAD1" box="[401,681,1410,1433]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Antipathes dendrochristos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B57C8FF8CB773FD49FA4BFD47EAD1" box="[687,746,1410,1433]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, pinkishorange form, paratype (USNM 1026794): A, entire corallum; B, closeup view of branches with branchlets; C, branchlets with polyps.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C346652AFF8CB77DFEDEF9DBFDE8EEB6" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE336A1FF8CB772FEDEF9DBFC14EEB6" blockId="6.[264,1324,1554,1900]" lastBlockId="7.[264,1324,284,510]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF8CB773FEDEF9DBFE07E964" bold="true" box="[312,426,1554,1580]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
. Several other specimens were available for study; one whitecolored specimen from Delta Dive 5850; one goldcolored specimen from Delta Dive 5871 and one of the pink variety from Delta Dive 5848. The white and gold specimens are similar to the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E78803FF8CB773FEEEF943FEC3E9EC" box="[264,366,1674,1700]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
in the length, thickness, and density of the terminal branchlets, in the size of the spines (mostly
|
||
<quantity id="4CA49B44FF8CB773FE5CF97BFDC4E984" box="[442,617,1714,1740]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.499999999999998" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="0.08499999999999999" valueMax="0.09" valueMin="0.08">0.08–0.09 mm</quantity>
|
||
), and in the size and density of the polyps (about
|
||
<quantity id="4CA49B44FF8CB773FB54F97BFAA0E984" box="[1202,1293,1714,1740]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
in transverse diameter, with 8–10 per centimeter). The pink specimen from Delta Dive 5848 is also similar in the size and density of the terminal branchlets and in the size and the density of the spines; however, the polyps were found to be larger than those in the other specimens. The polyps are up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CA49B44FF8CB773FD91F89BFD78E824" box="[631,725,1874,1900]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="1.7">1.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
in transverse diameter with only 6–7 polyps per centimeter, whereas those in the pinkishorange
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E78803FF8DB772FCADFED5FC1DEE7E" box="[843,944,284,310]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
from Delta Dive 6145 were no more than
|
||
<quantity id="4CA49B44FF8DB772FE68FE8DFE41EE16" box="[398,492,324,350]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="1.1">1.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
in transverse diameter, with 9–10 polyps per centimeter. Although polyp size in antipatharians can vary somewhat even within a single colony, this character also has been used as a key indicator to differentiate closely related species. The significance of the difference observed here requires further study to determine if it is consistent and can be correlated with other morphological characters.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF236629FF8DB772FEEEFAF1FCC0EA3E" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273215/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" targetBox="[264,1323,569,1308]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE336A1FF8DB772FEEEFAF1FCC0EA3E" blockId="7.[264,1322,1336,1398]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF8DB772FEEEFAF1FE2FEA18" bold="true" box="[264,386,1336,1360]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">FIGURE 5</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D22FF8DB772FE76FAF0FD0AEA18" box="[400,679,1337,1360]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dendrochristos" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF8DB772FE76FAF0FD0AEA18" box="[400,679,1337,1360]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Antipathes dendrochristos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B57C8FF8DB772FD4BFAF1FD4AEA07" box="[685,743,1336,1359]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, pinkishorange form, paratype (USNM 1026794): A– D, spines on branchlets and branches. Scale bars 0.1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE336A1FF8DB77DFEDEFA64FDE8EEB6" blockId="7.[264,1323,1453,1880]" lastBlockId="8.[264,1323,284,510]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF8DB772FEDEFA64FD1EEA8F" bold="true" box="[312,691,1453,1479]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Comparisons to other species</emphasis>
|
||
. Based on the general arrangement of the smallest branchlets, on the morphology of the spines and the size of the polyps, the new species resembles several species reported from off the southern tip of South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34B7631FF8DB772FBD7FA37FB37E950" box="[1073,1178,1534,1560]" name="United States of America" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">America</collectingCountry>
|
||
. These species, originally described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCD4B50FF8DB772FD84F9EFFCAFE908" author="Brook" box="[610,770,1574,1600]" pageId="7" pageNumber="10" refString="Brook, G. (1889) Report on the Antipatharia. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger, Zoology, 32 (80), 1 - 222, pls 1 - 15." type="journal article" year="1889">Brook (1889)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D22FF8DB772FCC9F9EFFB83E977" box="[815,1070,1574,1599]" class="Anthozoa" family="Myriopathidae" genus="Antipathella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="speciosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF8DB772FCC9F9EFFB83E977" box="[815,1070,1574,1599]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Antipathella speciosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D22FF8DB772FB8AF9EFFB7EE977" box="[1132,1235,1574,1600]" class="Anthozoa" family="Myriopathidae" genus="Antipathella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="minor">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF8DB772FB8AF9EFFBD3E977" box="[1132,1150,1574,1599]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF8DB772FB68F9EFFB7EE977" box="[1166,1235,1574,1599]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">minor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, differ, however, from the new species in having a corallum which is flabellate and reticulate with adjacent branchlets fused together to varying degrees.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCD4B50FF8DB772FC47F9BFFBEFE9D8" author="Brook" box="[929,1090,1654,1680]" pageId="7" pageNumber="10" refString="Brook, G. (1889) Report on the Antipatharia. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger, Zoology, 32 (80), 1 - 222, pls 1 - 15." type="journal article" year="1889">Brook (1889)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported that in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D22FF8DB772FAF7F9BFFEE3E9FF" class="Anthozoa" family="Myriopathidae" genus="Antipathella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="minor">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF8DB772FAF7F9BFFA8EE9C7" box="[1297,1315,1654,1679]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF8DB772FEEEF957FEE3E9FF" box="[264,334,1694,1719]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">minor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the branches and branchlets form long narrow pinnate fronds “rarely more than
|
||
<quantity id="4CA49B44FF8DB772FAFAF957FE81E9A8" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
|
||
across the pinnae”. Based on a reexamination of part of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E78803FF8DB772FBC4F90FFBF8E9A8" box="[1058,1109,1734,1760]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen, it was determined that the branchlet density in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D22FF8DB772FD14F927FCF1E84F" box="[754,860,1774,1800]" class="Anthozoa" family="Myriopathidae" genus="Antipathella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="minor">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF8DB772FD14F927FCA9E84F" box="[754,772,1774,1799]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF8DB772FCF0F927FCF1E84F" box="[790,860,1774,1799]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">minor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is 7–10 per centimeter, the spines are
|
||
<quantity id="4CA49B44FF8DB772FEEEF8DFFE08E878" box="[264,421,1814,1840]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="0.075" valueMax="0.1" valueMin="0.05">0.05–0.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
tall, and the polyps are about
|
||
<quantity id="4CA49B44FF8DB772FCEAF8DFFCFCE878" box="[780,849,1814,1840]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
in transverse diameter, with 7–9 polyps per centimeter. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D22FF8DB772FE03F8F7FDC7E81F" box="[485,618,1854,1880]" class="Anthozoa" family="Myriopathidae" genus="Antipathella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="speciosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF8DB772FE03F8F7FE5AE81F" box="[485,503,1854,1879]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF8DB772FDE3F8F7FDC7E81F" box="[517,618,1854,1879]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">speciosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the density of the branchlets is 9–11 per centimeter, and the spines are
|
||
<quantity id="4CA49B44FF82B77DFE62FED5FD8DEE7E" box="[388,544,284,310]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="0.09" valueMax="0.1" valueMin="0.08">0.08–0.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
tall. Polyps were not present on the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E78803FF82B77DFC32FED5FBABEE7E" box="[980,1030,284,310]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D22FF82B77DFBC8FED5FB19EE7D" box="[1070,1204,284,310]" class="Anthozoa" family="Myriopathidae" genus="Antipathella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="speciosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF82B77DFBC8FED5FBEDEE7D" box="[1070,1088,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF82B77DFBA9FED5FB19EE7D" box="[1103,1204,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">speciosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Thus, in the size of the spines and polyps these two species are very similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D22FF82B77DFBDBFE8DFAA0EE15" box="[1085,1293,324,350]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dendrochristos" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF82B77DFBDBFE8DFBE2EE15" box="[1085,1103,324,349]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF82B77DFBB8FE8DFAA0EE15" box="[1118,1293,324,349]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">dendrochristos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B57C8FF82B77DFAF2FE8DFE84EECE" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
Differences exist mainly in the growth form of the corallum, and in the density of the terminal branchlets (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13672A24FF82B77DFE1DFE5DFDE9EEE6" box="[507,580,404,430]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[264,367,1117,1141]" captionTargetBox="[275,1323,569,1090]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[264,1323,569,1091]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Antipathes spp.: A, A. speciosa Brook, branchlets from schizoholotype (USNM 100358); B, A. minor Brook, branches from schizoholotype (USNM 1000383); C, A. dendrochristos n. sp., branches from holotype (USNM 1026793). Scale bars 1 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273216/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
). In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D22FF82B77DFD63FE5DFCF8EEE5" box="[645,853,404,430]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dendrochristos">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF82B77DFD63FE5DFD3AEEE5" box="[645,663,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF82B77DFD40FE5DFCF8EEE5" box="[678,853,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">dendrochristos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
there are usually no more than 5–6 lateral branchlets per centimeter (excluding the branchlets that sometimes occur on the front and back sides of the axis).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF236629FF82B77DFEEEFB94FC5AEBF2" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273216/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" targetBox="[275,1323,569,1090]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE336A1FF82B77DFEEEFB94FC5AEBF2" blockId="8.[264,1323,1117,1210]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF82B77DFEEEFB94FE27EB3D" bold="true" box="[264,394,1117,1141]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">FIGURE 6</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D22FF82B77DFE78FB97FDBDEB3D" box="[414,528,1118,1141]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF82B77DFE78FB97FDBDEB3D" box="[414,528,1118,1141]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Antipathes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp.: A,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D22FF82B77DFD60FB97FCF5EB3C" authority="Brook" authorityName="Brook" box="[646,856,1117,1141]" class="Anthozoa" family="Myriopathidae" genus="Antipathella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="speciosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF82B77DFD60FB97FD3BEB3D" box="[646,662,1118,1141]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF82B77DFD4CFB97FCABEB3D" box="[682,774,1118,1141]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">speciosa</emphasis>
|
||
Brook
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, branchlets from schizoholotype (USNM 100358); B,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D22FF82B77DFE76FB49FD97EBDF" authority="Brook" authorityName="Brook" box="[400,570,1152,1175]" class="Anthozoa" family="Myriopathidae" genus="Antipathella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="minor">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF82B77DFE76FB49FE0DEBDF" box="[400,416,1152,1175]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF82B77DFE48FB49FE43EBDF" box="[430,494,1152,1175]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">minor</emphasis>
|
||
Brook
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, branches from schizoholotype (USNM 1000383); C,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D22FF82B77DFB65FB49FE8AEBF2" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dendrochristos" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF82B77DFB65FB49FB3EEBDF" box="[1155,1171,1152,1175]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF82B77DFB44FB49FE8AEBF2" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">dendrochristos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B57C8FF82B77DFEC8FB6AFEC4EBF2" box="[302,361,1187,1210]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, branches from holotype (USNM 1026793). Scale bars 1 cm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C346652AFF82B77CFEDEFADCFB29EE9E" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE336A1FF82B77CFEDEFADCFDF4EECE" blockId="8.[264,1323,1301,1888]" lastBlockId="9.[264,1323,284,550]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF82B77DFEDEFADCFE01EA67" bold="true" box="[312,428,1301,1327]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Affinities</emphasis>
|
||
. Many species of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D22FF82B77DFCE2FADFFC2FEA67" box="[772,898,1302,1327]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF82B77DFCE2FADFFC2FEA67" box="[772,898,1302,1327]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Antipathes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are characterized by polyps which, when alive and fully expanded, have relatively long, pointed tentacles, often with the sagittal tentacles larger than the laterals and set lower on sides of the polyps. Sometimes this appearance is maintained in specimens preserved in alcohol; however, often the polyps and tentacles become strongly contracted. Photos of living polyps of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D22FF82B77DFBBEFA7FFA86EA87" box="[1112,1323,1462,1488]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dendrochristos">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF82B77DFBBEFA7FFBC7EA87" box="[1112,1130,1462,1487]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF82B77DFB9AFA7FFA86EA87" box="[1148,1323,1462,1487]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">dendrochristos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13672A24FF82B77DFEF7FA17FEF9EAB0" box="[273,340,1502,1528]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[264,367,1806,1830]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,1324,1792]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[264,1323,1324,1793]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Antipathes dendrochristos n. sp.: A, in situ photo of whitecolored variant, Delta Dive 5851, 122 m, southern California Bight; B, closeup view of polyps of pinkishorange color form, Delta Dive 6145, 120 m." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273211/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
B) suggest that the polyp tentacles are typically short and blunt. The polyps of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D22FF82B77DFAF7FA17FEE0E957" class="Anthozoa" family="Myriopathidae" genus="Antipathella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="minor">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF82B77DFAF7FA17FA8EEABF" box="[1297,1315,1502,1527]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF82B77DFEEEF9CFFEE0E957" box="[264,333,1542,1567]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">minor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, although preserved in alcohol, have a similar appearance to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D22FF82B77DFB4DF9CFFEC8E90F" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dendrochristos">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF82B77DFB4DF9CFFB10E957" box="[1195,1213,1542,1567]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF82B77DFB29F9CFFEC8E90F" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">dendrochristos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The spines of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D22FF82B77DFDF8F9E7FD40E90F" box="[542,749,1582,1608]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dendrochristos">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF82B77DFDF8F9E7FD9DE90F" box="[542,560,1582,1607]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF82B77DFDD8F9E7FD40E90F" box="[574,749,1582,1607]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">dendrochristos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as well as those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D22FF82B77DFC30F9E7FBF1E90F" box="[982,1116,1582,1608]" class="Anthozoa" family="Myriopathidae" genus="Antipathella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="speciosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF82B77DFC30F9E7FC45E90F" box="[982,1000,1582,1607]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF82B77DFC11F9E7FBF1E90F" box="[1015,1116,1582,1607]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">speciosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D22FF82B77DFB72F9E7FB54E90F" box="[1172,1273,1582,1608]" class="Anthozoa" family="Myriopathidae" genus="Antipathella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="minor">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF82B77DFB72F9E7FB0BE90F" box="[1172,1190,1582,1607]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF82B77DFB52F9E7FB54E90F" box="[1204,1273,1582,1607]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">minor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, are generally conical whereas the more typical members of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D22FF82B77DFBC0F99FFB0EE927" box="[1062,1187,1622,1647]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF82B77DFBC0F99FFB0EE927" box="[1062,1187,1622,1647]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Antipathes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
often have spines that are triangular in outline and laterally compressed. These differences are suggestive that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D22FF82B77DFE7EF96FFDC5E9F7" box="[408,616,1702,1728]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dendrochristos">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF82B77DFE7EF96FFE07E9F7" box="[408,426,1702,1727]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF82B77DFE5FF96FFDC5E9F7" box="[441,616,1702,1727]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">dendrochristos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and related species may be taxonomically distinct from the more typical species of the genus. This supposition will be further evaluated by means of molecular techniques in which DNA sequencing of specific genes will be compared across species. This analysis may also shed some light on the significance of the different color morphs of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D22FF82B77DFE6CF88FFDF6E817" box="[394,603,1862,1888]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dendrochristos">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF82B77DFE6CF88FFE31E817" box="[394,412,1862,1887]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF82B77DFE4AF88FFDF6E817" box="[428,603,1862,1887]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">dendrochristos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Based solely on morphological characters, these color variants are difficult to distinguish in the laboratory; however, differences in the size of the polyps described above for the pink variant from Delta Dive 5848 may prove to be more than intraspecific variability.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE336A1FF83B77CFEDEFE5AFB29EE9E" blockId="9.[264,1323,284,550]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF83B77CFEDEFE5AFE12EEE5" bold="true" box="[312,447,403,429]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Ethmology</emphasis>
|
||
. An arbitary combination of letters; an allusion to the popular common name "Christmas tree coral"; used as a noun in apposition; gender feminine.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C346652AFF83B77CFEDEFE2AFE62ED6E" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE336A1FF83B77CFEDEFE2AFE62ED6E" blockId="9.[264,1323,284,550]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EAB3FF83B77CFEDEFE2AFE7CEEB5" bold="true" box="[312,465,483,509]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
. Known only from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E78803FF83B77CFD17FE2DFC89EEB6" box="[753,804,484,510]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality and adjacent areas of the southern California Bight.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |