588 lines
71 KiB
XML
588 lines
71 KiB
XML
<document id="596035135B6D4028F8CE6F071BB6AB73" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3937.3.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c3097c7a-760d-4669-b37d-380c5c3a1872" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="236815" ID-ZooBank="B50FB13D-0A8C-47D1-8616-9BA239E72C6D" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461021523924" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ardila-Camacho, Adrian & García, Alexander" docDate="2015" docId="392B0C11FFF7FFF3A885F9C2FB16D7EF" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03937p455.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3937 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Plega hagenella Westwood 1867" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="420" masterDocId="C5127469FFF9FFE0A812FFB8FFF8D547" masterDocTitle="Mantidflies of Colombia (Neuroptera, Mantispidae)" masterLastPageNumber="455" masterPageNumber="401" pageNumber="415" updateTime="1698570310491" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="B0A4758C569F963540FE5FE90601FF73" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="CBEDE757DA9B657D4399902174E88B88">
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<mods:title id="6059BA1D543566E62CA099263D968CD8">Mantidflies of Colombia (Neuroptera, Mantispidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="725ECDD8D1BF21EDE42ABE77BAAA009E" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="457D53FAF4CA806E9E1265DA7D19BD35">Ardila-Camacho, Adrian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3527BAA6ABFFCB36E9D503BC80B50D11">García, Alexander</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="F038520A4F77CCDBD80B42230D2CF4D2">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="25A67E988892E5CA918BEA3A9F90A8B9">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="ECA113E91702C3A36A529A51D879ECF7">
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<mods:date id="F9937B850B2BFBC92F83CECC744A8039">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="9472C35A69FB1A30BBAA2D291EDEF813" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="066588005FDB2F760900A779B72DC202">3937</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="31AB5AC28BAD1561710D12FA9B92EE14" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="5AD83535CB4EDED60D02ABA3ED54E127">3</mods:number>
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<treatment id="392B0C11FFF7FFF3A885F9C2FB16D7EF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5633425" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119605118" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5633425" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:392B0C11FFF7FFF3A885F9C2FB16D7EF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/392B0C11FFF7FFF3A885F9C2FB16D7EF" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="420" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">
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<subSubSection id="F998EE8CFFF7FFEEA885F9C2FDDBD3F2" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="B13DBD07FFF7FFEEA885F9C2FDC6D3D3" blockId="14.[151,574,1658,1717]" box="[151,574,1658,1684]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">
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<heading id="EA750A6BFFF7FFEEA885F9C2FDC6D3D3" bold="true" box="[151,574,1658,1684]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="7682C684FFF7FFEEA885F9C2FDC6D3D3" ID-CoL="4K5Z7" authority="Westwood, 1867" authorityName="Westwood" authorityYear="1867" box="[151,574,1658,1684]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Plega" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hagenella">
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||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFF7FFEEA885F9C2FDC6D3D3" bold="true" box="[151,574,1658,1684]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">
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||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFF7FFEEA885F9C2FEA2D3D3" bold="true" box="[151,346,1658,1684]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">Plega hagenella</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D513C0F6FFF7FFEEA97AF9C2FDCED3D3" author="Westwood" box="[360,566,1658,1684]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" refString="Westwood, J. O. (1867) Descriptions of new species of Mantispidae in the Oxford and British Museums. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, Series 3, 5, 501 - 508." type="journal article" year="1867">Westwood, 1867</bibRefCitation>
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||
)
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||
</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B13DBD07FFF7FFEEA885F924FDDBD3F2" blockId="14.[151,574,1658,1717]" box="[151,547,1692,1717]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">
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(
|
||
<figureCitation id="29B9A182FFF7FFEEA88DF924FF14D3F2" box="[159,236,1692,1717]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1945,1967]" captionTargetBox="[159,1436,301,1923]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,301,1923]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 6. Plega hagenella: a, forewing; b, hindwing; c, head, frontal; d, head and thorax, dorsal; e, forefemur, outer surface; f, forefemur, inner surface; g, head and thorax, lateral; h, female terminalia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236821/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">Figs. 6</figureCitation>
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a‒h, 7a‒h, 8a‒f, 25, Map 1)
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</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="F998EE8CFFF7FFEFA885F95DFC00D727" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="416" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="B13DBD07FFF7FFEEA885F95DFC87D25E" blockId="14.[151,1436,1764,1940]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="91929A29FFF7FFEEA885F95DFC87D25E" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">
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||
<taxonomicName id="7682C684FFF7FFEEA885F95DFDAED3BD" ID-CoL="3XWR6" authority="Westwood, 1867: 504" authorityName="Westwood" authorityPageNumber="504" authorityYear="1867" box="[151,598,1764,1786]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Mantispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hagenella">
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||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFF7FFEEA885F95DFE9CD3BD" box="[151,356,1764,1786]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">Mantispa hagenella</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="30239B16FFF7FFEEA97CF95CFDAED3BD" author="Westwood" box="[366,598,1764,1786]" page="504" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" year="1867">
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<bibRefCitation id="D513C0F6FFF7FFEEA97CF95CFDE7D3BD" author="Westwood" box="[366,543,1764,1786]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" refString="Westwood, J. O. (1867) Descriptions of new species of Mantispidae in the Oxford and British Museums. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, Series 3, 5, 501 - 508." type="journal article" year="1867">Westwood, 1867</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 504
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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||
<typeStatus id="6E3903A5FFF7FFEEAA71F95CFD3DD3BD" box="[611,709,1764,1786]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
: male, “Amazonia”, unspecified locality (probably
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<collectingCountry id="C995FD97FFF7FFEEACF6F95CFADED3BD" box="[1252,1318,1764,1786]" name="Brazil" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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), D. Bates, 1861, [genitalia prepared by R. G. Beard] (OUM), images examined.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="B13DBD07FFF7FFEEA885F89AFE86D211" blockId="14.[151,1436,1764,1940]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="91929A29FFF7FFEEA885F89AFE86D211" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">
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||
<taxonomicName id="7682C684FFF7FFEEA885F89AFDA2D270" ID-CoL="3XWP8" authority="Westwood, 1867: 506" authorityName="Westwood" authorityPageNumber="506" authorityYear="1867" box="[151,602,1825,1847]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Mantispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cognatella">
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<emphasis id="83F66115FFF7FFEEA885F89AFE93D270" box="[151,363,1825,1847]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">Mantispa cognatella</emphasis>
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||
<treatmentCitation id="30239B16FFF7FFEEA966F899FDA2D270" author="Westwood" box="[372,602,1825,1847]" page="506" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" year="1867">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="D513C0F6FFF7FFEEA966F899FDDCD270" author="Westwood" box="[372,548,1825,1847]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" refString="Westwood, J. O. (1867) Descriptions of new species of Mantispidae in the Oxford and British Museums. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, Series 3, 5, 501 - 508." type="journal article" year="1867">Westwood, 1867</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 506
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="30239B16FFF7FFEEAA7AF89AFCDED270" author="Penny" box="[616,806,1825,1847]" page="425" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" year="1982">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="D513C0F6FFF7FFEEAA7AF89AFD0BD270" author="Penny" box="[616,755,1825,1847]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" refString="Penny, N. D. (1982 b) Neuroptera of the Amazon basin. Part 6. Mantispidae (1). Acta Amazonica, 12 (2), 415 - 463." type="journal article" year="1982" yearSuffix="b">Penny 1982b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 425
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(syn.).
|
||
<typeStatus id="6E3903A5FFF7FFEEAB68F899FC24D270" box="[890,988,1825,1847]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
: female,
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||
<collectingCountry id="C995FD97FFF7FFEEAC2FF899FB51D270" box="[1085,1193,1825,1847]" name="Venezuela" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
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||
: Santa Martha (OUM), images examined.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="B13DBD07FFF7FFEEA885F8E7FBE4D2D4" blockId="14.[151,1436,1764,1940]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="91929A29FFF7FFEEA885F8E7FBE4D2D4" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7682C684FFF7FFEEA885F8E7FEC6D232" ID-CoL="4K5Z7" box="[151,318,1887,1909]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Plega" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hagenella">
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||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFF7FFEEA885F8E7FEC6D232" box="[151,318,1887,1909]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">Plega hagenella</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="30239B16FFF7FFEEA95FF8D8FDF0D232" author="Penny" box="[333,520,1887,1909]" page="215" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" year="1982">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D513C0F6FFF7FFEEA95FF8D8FE2ED232" author="Penny" box="[333,470,1887,1909]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" refString="Penny, N. D. (1982 a) Review of the generic level classification of New World Mantispidae (Neuroptera). Acta Amazonica, 12 (1), 209 - 223." type="journal article" year="1982" yearSuffix="a">Penny 1982a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 215
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(cit.); 1982b: 425 (redesc.); Penny & da
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||
<treatmentCitation id="30239B16FFF7FFEEABA5F8E7FB99D232" author="Costa" box="[951,1121,1887,1909]" page="620" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" year="1983">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="D513C0F6FFF7FFEEABA5F8E7FBD7D232" author="Costa" box="[951,1071,1887,1909]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" refString="Penny, N. D. & da Costa, C. A. (1983) Mantispideos do Brasil (Neuroptera: Mantispidae). Acta Amazonica, 13 (3 - 4), 601 - 687." type="journal article" year="1983">Costa 1983</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 620
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(redesc.);
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||
<treatmentCitation id="30239B16FFF7FFEEACC2F8E7FA63D232" author="Hoffman" box="[1232,1435,1887,1909]" page="275" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" year="2002">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D513C0F6FFF7FFEEACC2F8E7FA92D232" author="Hoffman" box="[1232,1386,1887,1909]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" refString="Hoffman, K. M. (2002) Family Mantispidae. In Penny, N. D. (ed.), A guide to the lacewings (Neuroptera) of Costa Rica. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 53 (12), 251 - 275." type="journal article" year="2002">Hoffman 2002</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 275
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(diag.);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="30239B16FFF7FFEEA905F8C5FE51D2D4" author="Ohl" box="[279,425,1917,1939]" page="148" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" year="2004">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D513C0F6FFF7FFEEA905F8C5FE81D2D4" author="Ohl" box="[279,377,1917,1939]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" refString="Ohl, M. (2004) Annotated catalog of the Mantispidae of the world (Neuroptera). Contributions on Entomology, International, 5 (3), 131 - 262." type="journal article" year="2004">Ohl 2004</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 148
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(cat.);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D513C0F6FFF7FFEEA9E0F8C5FD64D2D4" author="Hook" box="[498,668,1917,1940]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" refString="Hook, A. W., Oswald, J. D. & Neff, J. L. (2010) Plega hagenella (Neuroptera: Mantispidae) parasitism of Hylaeus (Hylaeopsis) sp. (Hymenoptera: Colletidae) reusing nests of Trypoxylon manni (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae) in Trinidad. Journal of Hymenoptera Research, 19, 77 - 83." type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Hook
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFF7FFEEAA22F8C7FD9CD2D4" box="[560,612,1917,1940]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(biol.);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D513C0F6FFF7FFEEAAFCF8C5FC29D2D4" author="Maia-Silva" box="[750,977,1917,1940]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" refString="Maia-Silva, C., Hrncr, M., Koedam, D., Machado, R. J. P. & Imperatriz-Fonseca, V. L. (2013) Out with the garbage: the parasitic strategy of the mantisfly Plega hagenella mass-infesting colonies of the eusocial bee Melipona subnitida in northeastern Brazil. Naturwissenschaften, 100, 101 - 105. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00114 - 012 - 0994 - 1" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Maia-Silva
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFF7FFEEAB77F8C7FC60D2D4" box="[869,920,1917,1940]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(biol.).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B13DBD07FFF7FFEFA885F878FC00D727" blockId="14.[151,1436,1984,2009]" lastBlockId="15.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="416" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFF7FFEEA885F878FD41D29E" bold="true" box="[151,697,1984,2009]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">
|
||
Specimens examined.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C995FD97FFF7FFEEA9BEF878FDDDD29E" box="[428,549,1984,2009]" name="Colombia" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Antioquia:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Amagá,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D4B6DBC0FFF7FFEEAB3CF878FC75D29E" box="[814,909,1984,2009]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" precision="925" value="6.05">06°03’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D4B6DBC0FFF7FFEEAB8FF878FC0DD29E" box="[925,1013,1984,2009]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" precision="925" value="-75.066666">75°4’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="767A10E2FFF7FFEEAC1AF879FB9DD29F" box="[1032,1125,1985,2009]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" unit="m" value="1100.0">1100 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="C53C9BC7FFF7FFEEAC6AF878FB2DD29E" box="[1144,1237,1984,2009]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" value="1951-06">VI.1951</date>
|
||
(3 ♀‒MEFLG);
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFF6FFEFA885FF2FFF14D5F7" bold="true" box="[151,236,151,176]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Chocó:</emphasis>
|
||
Sautatá, NNP los Katíos,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D4B6DBC0FFF6FFEFAA28FF2FFD60D5F7" box="[570,664,151,176]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" precision="925" value="7.85">07°51’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D4B6DBC0FFF6FFEFAABAFF2FFCE8D5F7" box="[680,784,151,176]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" precision="925" value="-77.13333">77°08’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="767A10E2FFF6FFEFAB36FF20FC9FD5E8" box="[804,871,152,176]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="C53C9BC7FFF6FFEFAB69FF20FC48D5F7" box="[891,944,152,176]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">14.V</date>
|
||
~
|
||
<date id="C53C9BC7FFF6FFEFABADFF20FBBBD5F7" box="[959,1091,152,176]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" value="2004-06-02">02.VI.2004</date>
|
||
, D. Ramírez, near forest (
|
||
<specimenCount id="A784768EFFF6FFEFAD82FF20FF52D593" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
‒IAvH);
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFF6FFEFA906FF04FE2AD592" bold="true" box="[276,466,188,213]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Cundinamarca:</emphasis>
|
||
Nimaima, Tóbia,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D4B6DBC0FFF6FFEFAABEFF04FCB5D592" box="[684,845,188,213]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" precision="1" value="5.122525">5°07’21,09’’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D4B6DBC0FFF6FFEFAB4FFF04FBFDD592" box="[861,1029,188,213]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" precision="1" value="-74.45022">74°27’0,81’’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="767A10E2FFF6FFEFAC07FF04FB9BD593" box="[1045,1123,188,213]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" unit="m" value="750.0">750 m</quantity>
|
||
, D. Arenas (1 ♀—MUD); Nimaima, Tóbia,
|
||
<quantity id="767A10E2FFF6FFEFA94EFF67FE5DD5B0" box="[348,421,223,248]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" unit="m" value="750.0">750 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="C53C9BC7FFF6FFEFA9A2FF58FDCBD5BF" box="[432,563,224,248]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" value="2012-06-09">09.VI.2012</date>
|
||
, A. García, entomological net, in forest,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7682C684FFF6FFEFABEBFF67FB82D5BF" ID-CoL="626XM" box="[1017,1146,223,248]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Solanaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 20:00 PM (
|
||
<specimenCount id="A784768EFFF6FFEFAD14FF58FAD4D5BF" box="[1286,1324,224,248]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
—MUD); Nimaima, Tóbia,
|
||
<quantity id="767A10E2FFF6FFEFA977FEBCFE39D45B" box="[357,449,260,284]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.22" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" unit="m" value="1220.0">1220 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="C53C9BC7FFF6FFEFA9C3FEBCFDB7D45B" box="[465,591,260,284]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" value="2007-04-28">28.IV.2007</date>
|
||
, R. Gonzales (
|
||
<specimenCount id="A784768EFFF6FFEFAB11FEBCFCC8D45B" box="[771,816,260,284]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
—MUD); Nimaima, Tóbia,
|
||
<date id="C53C9BC7FFF6FFEFAC6AFEBCFB13D45B" box="[1144,1259,260,284]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" value="2007-05-28">28.V.2007</date>
|
||
(1 ♀—MUD); Supatá,
|
||
<date id="C53C9BC7FFF6FFEFA8E1FE90FE90D407" box="[243,360,296,320]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" value="2011-05-01">01.V.2011</date>
|
||
, J. del Rio, manual capture (
|
||
<specimenCount id="A784768EFFF6FFEFAAA7FE90FD25D407" box="[693,733,296,320]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
‒MUD); vía Guaduas-Honda,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D4B6DBC0FFF6FFEFAC28FE9FFB72D407" box="[1082,1162,295,320]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" precision="925" value="5.0666666">5°04’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D4B6DBC0FFF6FFEFAC88FE9FFAFAD407" box="[1178,1282,295,320]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" precision="925" value="-74.583336">74°35’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="767A10E2FFF6FFEFAD1DFE90FA60D407" box="[1295,1432,296,320]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" unit="m" value="650.0" valueMax="1000.0" valueMin="300.0">300–1000m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="C53C9BC7FFF6FFEFA885FEF4FEF3D423" box="[151,267,332,356]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" value="2013-06-01">1.VI.2013</date>
|
||
, G. Bazzani, manual collect (1 ♀—UNAB);
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFF6FFEFAB13FEF4FC68D422" bold="true" box="[769,912,332,357]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Magdalena:</emphasis>
|
||
Santa
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C995FD97FFF6FFEFABCEFEF5FBDAD423" box="[988,1058,333,356]" name="Malta" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Marta</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Minca,
|
||
<quantity id="767A10E2FFF6FFEFAC91FEF4FB34D423" box="[1155,1228,332,357]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" unit="m" value="600.0">600 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="C53C9BC7FFF6FFEFACCAFEF4FADCD422" box="[1240,1316,332,357]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" value="2005-01">I.2005</date>
|
||
, C. Botero (1 ♀—ANDES-E); Neguanje, NNP Tayrona,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D4B6DBC0FFF6FFEFAA8BFEC8FD0DD4CF" box="[665,757,368,392]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" precision="925" value="11.333333">11°20’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
‒
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D4B6DBC0FFF6FFEFAB17FEC8FC96D4CF" box="[773,878,368,392]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" precision="925" value="-74.03333">74°02’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="767A10E2FFF6FFEFAB68FEC8FC4DD4C0" box="[890,949,368,392]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</quantity>
|
||
, 9~
|
||
<date id="C53C9BC7FFF6FFEFABCCFEC8FB98D4CF" box="[990,1120,368,392]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" value="2001-09-27">27.IX.2001</date>
|
||
, R. Henríquez, Malaise trap m‒2137 (1 ♀—IAvH); Palangana, NNP Tayrona,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D4B6DBC0FFF6FFEFAAD6FE2CFCD8D4EB" box="[708,800,404,428]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" precision="925" value="11.333333">11°20’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D4B6DBC0FFF6FFEFAB22FE2CFC61D4EB" box="[816,921,404,428]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" precision="925" value="-74.03333">74°02’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="767A10E2FFF6FFEFABB6FE2CFC26D4EB" box="[932,990,404,428]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</quantity>
|
||
, 15~
|
||
<date id="C53C9BC7FFF6FFEFAC01FE2CFB6FD4EA" box="[1043,1175,404,429]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" value="2001-11-30">30.XI.2001</date>
|
||
, R. Henríquez, Malaise trap m‒2570 (1 ♀—IAvH);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7682C684FFF6FFEFA9F1FE0FFD28D488" ID-CoL="5Q4W" authority="Cano Nevera" authorityName="Cano Nevera" box="[483,720,439,464]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Meta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFF6FFEFA9F1FE0FFDD2D497" bold="true" box="[483,554,439,464]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Meta:</emphasis>
|
||
Caño Nevera
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, NNP Tinigua,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D4B6DBC0FFF6FFEFAB9EFE00FC10D497" box="[908,1000,440,464]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" precision="925" value="2.1833334">02°11’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
‒
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D4B6DBC0FFF6FFEFABEAFE00FB98D497" box="[1016,1120,440,464]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" precision="925" value="-73.8">73°48’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="767A10E2FFF6FFEFAC62FE00FB46D488" box="[1136,1214,440,464]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" unit="m" value="390.0">390 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="C53C9BC7FFF6FFEFACDCFE00FB01D497" box="[1230,1273,440,464]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">23.I</date>
|
||
~
|
||
<date id="C53C9BC7FFF6FFEFAD1AFE00FA8AD497" box="[1288,1394,440,464]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" value="2002-02-07">7.II.2002</date>
|
||
, C. Sánchez, Malaise trap m‒2330 (
|
||
<specimenCount id="A784768EFFF6FFEFAA13FE64FDDFD4B3" box="[513,551,476,500]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
—IAvH);
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFF6FFEFAA89FE64FCD8D4B2" bold="true" box="[667,800,476,501]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Santander:</emphasis>
|
||
Barrancabermeja, Vda. Las Lajas,
|
||
<quantity id="767A10E2FFF6FFEFACB8FE64FB0BD4B3" box="[1194,1267,476,500]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" unit="m" value="800.0">800 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="C53C9BC7FFF6FFEFACEDFE64FA80D4B3" box="[1279,1400,476,500]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" value="2010-10-02">02.X.2010</date>
|
||
, C. Arango (1 ♀‒MUD); Chipatá, Vda. Ropero, El Hatillo,
|
||
<quantity id="767A10E2FFF6FFEFAB1AFE47FCA6D750" box="[776,862,511,536]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" unit="m" value="1600.0">1600 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="C53C9BC7FFF6FFEFAB7BFDB8FC2ED75F" box="[873,982,512,536]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" value="2011-01-18">18.I.2011</date>
|
||
, A. Ardila, entomological net, on a large rock, near water sources, 19h00 (1 ♀—MUD);
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFF6FFEFAAD9FD9CFCDDD77A" bold="true" box="[715,805,548,573]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Tolima:</emphasis>
|
||
Méndez, Hacienda Bremen,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D4B6DBC0FFF6FFEFAC92FD9CFB47D77A" box="[1152,1215,548,573]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" precision="925" value="5.0833335">5°5’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D4B6DBC0FFF6FFEFACC2FD9CFAC1D77A" box="[1232,1337,548,573]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" precision="925" value="-74.75">74°45’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="767A10E2FFF6FFEFAD58FD9CFA6FD77B" box="[1354,1431,548,572]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" unit="m" value="300.0">300 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="C53C9BC7FFF6FFEFA885FDFFFEEFD727" box="[151,279,583,608]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" value="1995-06-11">11.VI.1995</date>
|
||
, F. Fernández, manual capture near to water sources (
|
||
<specimenCount id="A784768EFFF6FFEFAB61FDF0FC62D727" box="[883,922,584,608]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
‒IAvH).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F998EE8CFFF6FFEFA8D5FDD4FC10D68F" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="B13DBD07FFF6FFEFA8D5FDD4FC10D68F" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFF6FFEFA8D5FDD4FEB9D7C2" bold="true" box="[199,321,620,645]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
This species is distinguished by the combination of the following characters: antenna dark brown, four or five preapical flagellomeres (10‒12 or 10‒14 before apex) are pale yellow. Body with mottled coloration pattern consisting of a mixture of dark brown and pale yellow (
|
||
<figureCitation id="29B9A182FFF6FFEFAB44FD0CFC5CD78A" box="[854,932,692,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1945,1967]" captionTargetBox="[159,1436,301,1923]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,301,1923]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 6. Plega hagenella: a, forewing; b, hindwing; c, head, frontal; d, head and thorax, dorsal; e, forefemur, outer surface; f, forefemur, inner surface; g, head and thorax, lateral; h, female terminalia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236821/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Figs. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
c, d, e‒g). Forewing length,
|
||
<quantity id="767A10E2FFF6FFEFACCCFD0CFAA1D78B" box="[1246,1369,692,716]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" unit="mm" value="13.5" valueMax="17.0" valueMin="10.0">10‒17 mm</quantity>
|
||
; wing venation alternating brown and pale yellow; forks of longitudinal veins and crossveins with amber spots (
|
||
<figureCitation id="29B9A182FFF6FFEFAD29FD6FFA72D7B7" box="[1339,1418,727,752]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1945,1967]" captionTargetBox="[159,1436,301,1923]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,301,1923]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 6. Plega hagenella: a, forewing; b, hindwing; c, head, frontal; d, head and thorax, dorsal; e, forefemur, outer surface; f, forefemur, inner surface; g, head and thorax, lateral; h, female terminalia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236821/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Figs. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
a, b). Pterostigma dark brown proximal- and distally, pale yellow in the middle. Ectoproct subtrapezoidal in lateral view, with the posteroventral region covered with abundant spiniform setae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="29B9A182FFF6FFEFAC0DFCA7FB8AD670" box="[1055,1138,799,824]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1910,1932]" captionTargetBox="[198,1361,195,1859]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[186,1374,195,1878]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Plega hagenella: a, male genitalia, ventral; b, male genitalia, lateral; c, sternite IX, ventral; d, spermatheca, lateral; e, apex of left gonocoxite, lateral; f, apex of left gonocoxite, ventral; g, apex of right gonocoxite, ventral; h, apex of left gonocoxite, lateral. Abbreviations: capsule (cap), callus cerci (cc), ectoproct (ect), fertilization canal duct (fcd), gonarcus (g), gonarcal median lobe (gml), gonocoxite (gcx), hypomere (hpm), pseudopenis (psp), ninth sternite (stn IX). Scale bars, 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236822/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Figs. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
a, b). Male genitalia with pseudopenis extremely long and coiled (
|
||
<figureCitation id="29B9A182FFF6FFEFAA7FFCFCFD4CD61A" box="[621,692,836,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1910,1932]" captionTargetBox="[198,1361,195,1859]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[186,1374,195,1878]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Plega hagenella: a, male genitalia, ventral; b, male genitalia, lateral; c, sternite IX, ventral; d, spermatheca, lateral; e, apex of left gonocoxite, lateral; f, apex of left gonocoxite, ventral; g, apex of right gonocoxite, ventral; h, apex of left gonocoxite, lateral. Abbreviations: capsule (cap), callus cerci (cc), ectoproct (ect), fertilization canal duct (fcd), gonarcus (g), gonarcal median lobe (gml), gonocoxite (gcx), hypomere (hpm), pseudopenis (psp), ninth sternite (stn IX). Scale bars, 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236822/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
b). Sternite IX subpentagonal with a posteromedial lobe slightly acuminate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="29B9A182FFF6FFEFA909FCDFFE99D6C7" box="[283,353,871,896]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1910,1932]" captionTargetBox="[198,1361,195,1859]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[186,1374,195,1878]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Plega hagenella: a, male genitalia, ventral; b, male genitalia, lateral; c, sternite IX, ventral; d, spermatheca, lateral; e, apex of left gonocoxite, lateral; f, apex of left gonocoxite, ventral; g, apex of right gonocoxite, ventral; h, apex of left gonocoxite, lateral. Abbreviations: capsule (cap), callus cerci (cc), ectoproct (ect), fertilization canal duct (fcd), gonarcus (g), gonarcal median lobe (gml), gonocoxite (gcx), hypomere (hpm), pseudopenis (psp), ninth sternite (stn IX). Scale bars, 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236822/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
c). Gonocoxites with three or four digitiform processes, two or three apical subequal in length, and one preapical slightly longer (
|
||
<figureCitation id="29B9A182FFF6FFEFAA39FC34FD85D6E2" box="[555,637,908,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1910,1932]" captionTargetBox="[198,1361,195,1859]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[186,1374,195,1878]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Plega hagenella: a, male genitalia, ventral; b, male genitalia, lateral; c, sternite IX, ventral; d, spermatheca, lateral; e, apex of left gonocoxite, lateral; f, apex of left gonocoxite, ventral; g, apex of right gonocoxite, ventral; h, apex of left gonocoxite, lateral. Abbreviations: capsule (cap), callus cerci (cc), ectoproct (ect), fertilization canal duct (fcd), gonarcus (g), gonarcal median lobe (gml), gonocoxite (gcx), hypomere (hpm), pseudopenis (psp), ninth sternite (stn IX). Scale bars, 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236822/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Figs. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
e‒h). Spermatheca coiled, proximal section with three or four turns, medial section long spiral-shaped, distal section irregularly coiled (
|
||
<figureCitation id="29B9A182FFF6FFEFAB95FC17FC33D68F" box="[903,971,943,968]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1910,1932]" captionTargetBox="[198,1361,195,1859]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[186,1374,195,1878]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Plega hagenella: a, male genitalia, ventral; b, male genitalia, lateral; c, sternite IX, ventral; d, spermatheca, lateral; e, apex of left gonocoxite, lateral; f, apex of left gonocoxite, ventral; g, apex of right gonocoxite, ventral; h, apex of left gonocoxite, lateral. Abbreviations: capsule (cap), callus cerci (cc), ectoproct (ect), fertilization canal duct (fcd), gonarcus (g), gonarcal median lobe (gml), gonocoxite (gcx), hypomere (hpm), pseudopenis (psp), ninth sternite (stn IX). Scale bars, 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236822/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
d).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F998EE8CFFF6FFF3A8D5FC6CFD1ED7C2" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="420" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="B13DBD07FFF6FFEFA8D5FC6CFB43D1AE" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFF6FFEFA8D5FC6CFEB4D6AA" bold="true" box="[199,332,980,1005]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Discussion.</emphasis>
|
||
Since the review of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D513C0F6FFF6FFEFAA52FC6DFD13D6AA" author="Penny" box="[576,747,980,1005]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" refString="Penny, N. D. (1982 b) Neuroptera of the Amazon basin. Part 6. Mantispidae (1). Acta Amazonica, 12 (2), 415 - 463." type="journal article" year="1982" yearSuffix="b">Penny (1982b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7682C684FFF6FFEFAAEBFC6DFC7ED6AA" box="[761,902,980,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Plega" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hagenella">
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFF6FFEFAAEBFC6DFC7ED6AA" box="[761,902,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">P. hagenella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was the only species in the genus reported as occurring in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C995FD97FFF6FFEFA934FC4FFE60D157" box="[294,408,1015,1040]" name="Colombia" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
. On the basis of pigmentation characters and external morphology, the specimens examined herein were compared with the description of Penny. Observations on high resolution images of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="6E3903A5FFF6FFEFAD16FBA5FACCD172" box="[1284,1332,1053,1077]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">type</typeStatus>
|
||
labels of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7682C684FFF6FFEFA885FBF9FE0CD11F" authority="Westwood" authorityName="Westwood" box="[151,500,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Mantispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hagenella">
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFF6FFEFA885FBF9FE8FD11F" box="[151,375,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Mantispa hagenella</emphasis>
|
||
Westwood
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
deposited in the Oxford University Museum, clearly shows that the specimen was examined by Robert Beard in 1968 as it is evident from his annotations (
|
||
<figureCitation id="29B9A182FFF6FFEFABE0FBDCFBC0D13A" box="[1010,1080,1124,1149]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1950,1972]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,541,1922]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,541,1929]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 8. Type material: a, M. hagenella, habitus holotype male, dorsal; b, M. cognatella, habitus holotype female, dorsal; c, M. hagenella, labels of holotype; d, M. cognatella, labels of holotype; e, M. hagenella, prepared abdomen of holotype, lateral; f, same, ventral. Photographs by: Amooret Spooner, Oxford University Museum of Natural History." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236823/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
b, d). The annotation of Beard indicates that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7682C684FFF6FFEFA927FB31FD3BD1E7" authority="Linsley & MacSwain" authorityName="Linsley & MacSwain" box="[309,707,1159,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Plega" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melitomae">
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFF6FFEFA927FB31FE3FD1E7" box="[309,455,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">P. melitomae</emphasis>
|
||
Linsley & MacSwain
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7682C684FFF6FFEFABC5FB31FB9AD1E7" box="[983,1122,1159,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Mantispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hagenella">
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFF6FFEFABC5FB31FB9AD1E7" box="[983,1122,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">P. hagenella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, Penny adds that during the analysis of specimens of both species, he has found differences in the number of apical spines of the gonocoxites (four and three, respectively) therefore he does not considered them as synonyms.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B13DBD07FFF6FFEFA8D5FB4DFF17D3DF" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D513C0F6FFF6FFEFA8D5FB4DFE96D04A" author="Penny" box="[199,366,1268,1293]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" refString="Penny, N. D. (1982 b) Neuroptera of the Amazon basin. Part 6. Mantispidae (1). Acta Amazonica, 12 (2), 415 - 463." type="journal article" year="1982" yearSuffix="b">Penny (1982b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
based his redescription of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7682C684FFF6FFEFAAB1FB4DFCD6D04A" box="[675,814,1268,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Mantispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hagenella">
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFF6FFEFAAB1FB4DFCD6D04A" box="[675,814,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">P. hagenella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on the
|
||
<typeStatus id="6E3903A5FFF6FFEFAB94FB4DFC4ED04A" box="[902,950,1269,1293]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimens. In the illustrations of the male genitalia of this species, it is possible to appreciate that the pseudopenis is short and recurved, a character used to separate it from other species whose pseudopenis is extremely long and coiled (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D513C0F6FFF6FFEFAC2FFA84FA77D012" author="Penny" box="[1085,1423,1340,1365]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" refString="Penny, N. D. (1982 b) Neuroptera of the Amazon basin. Part 6. Mantispidae (1). Acta Amazonica, 12 (2), 415 - 463." type="journal article" year="1982" yearSuffix="b">
|
||
Penny 1982b,
|
||
<figureCitation id="29B9A182FFF6FFEFACF5FA84FA77D012" box="[1255,1423,1340,1365]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 16" captionStart-1="FIGURE 17" captionStart-2="FIGURE 18" captionStart-3="FIGURE 19" captionStartId-0="29.[151,250,1666,1688]" captionStartId-1="32.[151,250,1953,1975]" captionStartId-2="33.[151,250,1862,1884]" captionStartId-3="35.[151,250,1595,1617]" captionTargetBox-0="[203,1383,629,1643]" captionTargetBox-1="[202,1386,193,1904]" captionTargetBox-2="[176,1436,214,1823]" captionTargetBox-3="[160,1420,214,1525]" captionTargetId-0="figure@29.[203,1384,629,1644]" captionTargetId-1="figure@32.[200,1386,193,1932]" captionTargetId-2="figure@33.[151,1436,193,1841]" captionTargetId-3="figure@35.[151,1436,193,1573]" captionTargetPageId-0="29" captionTargetPageId-1="32" captionTargetPageId-2="33" captionTargetPageId-3="35" captionText-0="FIGURE 16. Type material: a, Mantispa (Trichoscelia) eurydella Westwood, habitus holotype female (Photo by Amoret Spooner, Oxford University Museum of Natural History); b, Mantispa batesella Westwood, habitus syntype male (Photo by: Amoret Spooner, Oxford University Museum); c, Mantispa (Trichoscelia) fasciatella Westwood, habitus holotype female (Photo by: Zoe Simmons, Oxford University Museum)." captionText-1="FIGURE 17. Climaciella amapaensis: a, head and thorax, lareal; b, head and thorax, dorsal; c, forefemur, outer and inner surfaces; d, head, frontal; e, fore- and hindwing." captionText-2="FIGURE 18. Climaciella amapaensis: a, male pregenital abdominal apparatus, dorsal; b, male genitalia, ventral; c, male genitalia, dorsal; d, male genitalia, lateral; e, sternite IX, ventral; f, gonarcus, caudal. Abbreviations: ectoproct (ect), gonarcus (g), gonarcal membrane (gm), gonarcal median lobe (gml), gonocoxite (gcx), hypomere (hpm), intertergal membrane (mbn), mediuncus (med), pore (pore) pseudopenis (psp), pseudopenal membrane (ppm), scar (sc), ventromedial lobe (vml). Scale bars, 0.1 mm." captionText-3="FIGURE 19. Climaciella obtusa: a, head and thorax, lateral; b, head and forelegs, frontal; c, fore- and hindwing." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/236831/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/236832/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/236833/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/236834/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Figures 16‒19</figureCitation>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Additionally, Penny indicates that this species is the only one in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7682C684FFF6FFEFAB85FAE7FBF4D03F" box="[919,1036,1375,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Plega" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melitomae">
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFF6FFEFAB85FAE7FBF4D03F" box="[919,1036,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">melitomae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group which usually presents three apical spines in the gonocoxites. Herein, the gonocoxite morphology of several examined specimens corresponds with the description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7682C684FFF6FFEFA9B8FA11FC60D087" authority="Linsley & MacSwain 1955" authorityName="Linsley & MacSwain" authorityYear="1955" box="[426,920,1447,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Plega" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melitomae">
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFF6FFEFA9B8FA11FDC7D087" box="[426,575,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">P. melitomae</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D513C0F6FFF6FFEFAA43FA1FFC68D087" author="Linsley" box="[593,912,1447,1472]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" refString="Linsley, E. G. & MacSwain, J. W. (1955) Two new species of Plega from Mexico (Neuroptera, Mantispidae). Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 31, 15 - 19." type="journal article" year="1955">Linsley & MacSwain 1955</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as well as with the illustration of the male genitalia of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D513C0F6FFF6FFEFA936FA74FDC5D0A2" author="Parker" box="[292,573,1484,1509]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" refString="Parker, F. D. & Stange, L. A. (1965) Systematic and biological notes on the tribe Platymantispini (Neuroptera: Mantispidae) and the description of a new species of Plega from Mexico. Canadian Entomologist, 97, 604 - 612. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 97604 - 6" type="journal article" year="1965">Parker & Stange (1965)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Those specimens possessing gonocoxites with three digitiform processes, were easily related with the descriptions of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D513C0F6FFF6FFEFAAB3FA49FCB6D34F" author="Penny" box="[673,846,1519,1545]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" refString="Penny, N. D. (1982 b) Neuroptera of the Amazon basin. Part 6. Mantispidae (1). Acta Amazonica, 12 (2), 415 - 463." type="journal article" year="1982" yearSuffix="b">Penny (1982b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, however, regarding internal genital structures, an elongated, coiled pseudopenis was observed, discarding all of the species treated by Penny, because none of them have both characters simultaneously. Moreover,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D513C0F6FFF6FFEFAADFF98FFBE4D317" author="Linsley" box="[717,1052,1591,1616]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" refString="Linsley, E. G. & MacSwain, J. W. (1955) Two new species of Plega from Mexico (Neuroptera, Mantispidae). Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 31, 15 - 19." type="journal article" year="1955">Linsley & MacSwain (1955)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
do not illustrate or describe the internal genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7682C684FFF6FFEFA965F9E5FDFFD332" box="[375,519,1628,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Plega" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melitomae">
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFF6FFEFA965F9E5FDFFD332" box="[375,519,1628,1653]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">P. melitomae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
males, making it difficult to assign the specimens studied herein with any of those species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B13DBD07FFF6FFEFA8D5F91DFBD7D2FF" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">
|
||
Moreover, regarding the body pigmentation and morphology, it is known that most species in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7682C684FFF6FFEFAD35F91CFA63D3FA" box="[1319,1435,1700,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Plega" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melitomae">
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFF6FFEFAD35F91CFA63D3FA" box="[1319,1435,1700,1725]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">melitomae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group present similarity in body color pattern, great variation in size, wing venation, ovipositor shape and number of antennal flagellomeres. Penny & da
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D513C0F6FFF6FFEFAA7AF954FD06D243" author="Costa" box="[616,766,1772,1796]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" refString="Penny, N. D. & da Costa, C. A. (1983) Mantispideos do Brasil (Neuroptera: Mantispidae). Acta Amazonica, 13 (3 - 4), 601 - 687." type="journal article" year="1983">Costa (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
suggest that the females of most species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7682C684FFF6FFEFAD06F954FAAED242" box="[1300,1366,1772,1797]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Plega" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFF6FFEFAD06F954FAAED242" box="[1300,1366,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Plega</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
show resemblance with those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7682C684FFF6FFEFA9C6F8A9FCCBD26F" authority="Parker & Stange" authorityName="Parker & Stange" box="[468,819,1807,1832]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Plega" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yucatanae">
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFF6FFEFA9C6F8A9FD9FD26F" box="[468,615,1809,1832]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">P. yucatanae</emphasis>
|
||
Parker & Stange
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7682C684FFF6FFEFAB60F8A9FBF8D26F" box="[882,1024,1807,1832]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Mantispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hagenella">
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFF6FFEFAB60F8A9FBF8D26F" box="[882,1024,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">P. hagenella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
leading to difficulties with species identification. In the males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7682C684FFF6FFEFA9E9F88DFD75D20B" box="[507,653,1845,1868]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Plega" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yucatanae">
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFF6FFEFA9E9F88DFD75D20B" box="[507,653,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">P. yucatanae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, there are also slight variations in the genitalia, with either two or occasionally three digitiform processes on the gonocoxites (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D513C0F6FFF6FFEFAB48F8EFFB9FD237" author="Parker" box="[858,1127,1879,1904]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" refString="Parker, F. D. & Stange, L. A. (1965) Systematic and biological notes on the tribe Platymantispini (Neuroptera: Mantispidae) and the description of a new species of Plega from Mexico. Canadian Entomologist, 97, 604 - 612. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 97604 - 6" type="journal article" year="1965">Parker & Stange 1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In contrast, the Nearctic species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7682C684FFF6FFEFA8E4F8C5FE38D2D2" authority="Rehn" authorityName="Rehn" box="[246,448,1916,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Plega" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dactylota">
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFF6FFEFA8E4F8C5FE82D2D2" box="[246,378,1916,1941]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">P. dactylota</emphasis>
|
||
Rehn
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, shows a wide variation in coloration pattern of the head and thorax, morphology of the gonarcus medial lobe and number of apical spines in the gonocoxites (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D513C0F6FFF6FFEFABB8F818FBDBD2FF" author="Rice" box="[938,1059,1952,1977]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" refString="Rice, M. E. (1987) Morphological variation in Plega dactylota (Neuroptera: Mantispidae) and status of its subspecies. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 60, 34 - 344." type="journal article" year="1987">Rice 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B13DBD07FFF6FFF0A8D5F87DFBE6D5BF" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="16.[151,1437,151,248]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="417" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">
|
||
In the series of examined specimens, two of them presented three digitiform processes in one of the gonocoxites and four in the other. Some small specimens showed only three digitiform processes in both, as described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D513C0F6FFE9FFF0A925FF05FE1DD592" author="Penny" box="[311,485,188,213]" pageId="16" pageNumber="417" refString="Penny, N. D. (1982 b) Neuroptera of the Amazon basin. Part 6. Mantispidae (1). Acta Amazonica, 12 (2), 415 - 463." type="journal article" year="1982" yearSuffix="b">Penny (1982b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Other male genital structures exhibit very similar morphology in all specimens studied, highlighting the strongly coiled pseudopenis, similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7682C684FFE9FFF0AB75FF59FBE6D5BF" authority="Penny." authorityName="Penny." box="[871,1054,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Plega" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="beardi">
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFE9FFF0AB75FF59FC31D5BF" box="[871,969,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">P. beardi</emphasis>
|
||
Penny.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="E5FDED8FFFE9FFF0A885F821FC6DD28A" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236821/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="417" targetBox="[159,1436,301,1923]" targetPageId="16">
|
||
<paragraph id="B13DBD07FFE9FFF0A885F821FC6DD28A" blockId="16.[151,1436,1945,1997]" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFE9FFF0A885F821FEEAD2E8" bold="true" box="[151,274,1945,1967]" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7682C684FFE9FFF0A90AF821FE45D2E8" box="[280,445,1945,1967]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Plega" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hagenella">
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFE9FFF0A90AF821FE45D2E8" box="[280,445,1945,1967]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">Plega hagenella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFE9FFF0A9D8F821FE2ED2E8" bold="true" box="[458,470,1945,1967]" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">a</emphasis>
|
||
, forewing;
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFE9FFF0AA5EF821FDA2D2E8" bold="true" box="[588,602,1945,1967]" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">b</emphasis>
|
||
, hindwing;
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFE9FFF0AAC1F821FD26D2E8" bold="true" box="[723,734,1945,1967]" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">c</emphasis>
|
||
, head, frontal;
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFE9FFF0AB65F821FC7DD2E8" bold="true" box="[887,901,1945,1967]" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">d</emphasis>
|
||
, head and thorax, dorsal;
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFE9FFF0AC98F821FB6DD2E8" bold="true" box="[1162,1173,1945,1967]" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">e</emphasis>
|
||
, forefemur, outer surface;
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFE9FFF0A885F80FFF67D28A" bold="true" box="[151,159,1975,1997]" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">f</emphasis>
|
||
, forefemur, inner surface;
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFE9FFF0A9BFF80FFE42D28A" bold="true" box="[429,442,1975,1997]" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">g</emphasis>
|
||
, head and thorax, lateral;
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFE9FFF0AAD0F80FFD28D28A" bold="true" box="[706,720,1975,1997]" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">h</emphasis>
|
||
, female terminalia.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="E5FDED8FFFE8FFF1A885F8CEFA64D2AE" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236822/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" targetBox="[198,1361,195,1859]" targetPageId="17">
|
||
<paragraph id="B13DBD07FFE8FFF1A885F8CEFA64D2AE" blockId="17.[151,1436,1910,2025]" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFE8FFF1A885F8CEFEEAD2CB" bold="true" box="[151,274,1910,1932]" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7682C684FFE8FFF1A90AF8CEFE45D2CB" box="[280,445,1910,1932]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Plega" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hagenella">
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFE8FFF1A90AF8CEFE45D2CB" box="[280,445,1910,1932]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">Plega hagenella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFE8FFF1A9DBF8CEFE2ED2CB" bold="true" box="[457,470,1910,1932]" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">a</emphasis>
|
||
, male genitalia, ventral;
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFE8FFF1AADDF8CEFD25D2CB" bold="true" box="[719,733,1910,1932]" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">b</emphasis>
|
||
, male genitalia, lateral;
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFE8FFF1ABDDF8CEFC22D2CB" bold="true" box="[975,986,1910,1932]" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">c</emphasis>
|
||
, sternite IX, ventral;
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFE8FFF1ACA3F8CEFB47D2CB" bold="true" box="[1201,1215,1910,1932]" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">d</emphasis>
|
||
, spermatheca, lateral;
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFE8FFF1A885F82DFF5AD2EC" bold="true" box="[151,162,1941,1963]" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">e</emphasis>
|
||
, apex of left gonocoxite, lateral;
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFE8FFF1AA15F82DFDEED2EC" bold="true" box="[519,534,1941,1963]" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">f,</emphasis>
|
||
apex of left gonocoxite, ventral;
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFE8FFF1AB6EF82DFC70D2EC" bold="true" box="[892,904,1941,1963]" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">g</emphasis>
|
||
, apex of right gonocoxite, ventral;
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFE8FFF1AD11F82DFAE9D2EC" bold="true" box="[1283,1297,1941,1963]" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">h</emphasis>
|
||
, apex of left gonocoxite, lateral. Abbreviations: capsule (cap), callus cerci (cc), ectoproct (ect), fertilization canal duct (fcd), gonarcus (g), gonarcal median lobe (gml), gonocoxite (gcx), hypomere (hpm), pseudopenis (psp), ninth sternite (stn IX). Scale bars, 0.1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="B13DBD07FFEBFFF2A8D5FF2FFEB7D4CF" blockId="18.[151,1436,151,501]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">
|
||
After observing photographs of the prepared abdomen of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="6E3903A5FFEBFFF2AB9BFF20FC41D5F7" box="[905,953,152,176]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7682C684FFEBFFF2ABF0FF21FB3BD5F7" box="[994,1219,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Mantispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hagenella">
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFEBFFF2ABF0FF21FB3BD5F7" box="[994,1219,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Mantispa hagenella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, it was possible to clarify this problem. The images show what at first view seems to be a recurved pseudopenis, as described by Penny (
|
||
<figureCitation id="29B9A182FFEBFFF2A8FEFF67FED5D5BF" box="[236,301,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1950,1972]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,541,1922]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,541,1929]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 8. Type material: a, M. hagenella, habitus holotype male, dorsal; b, M. cognatella, habitus holotype female, dorsal; c, M. hagenella, labels of holotype; d, M. cognatella, labels of holotype; e, M. hagenella, prepared abdomen of holotype, lateral; f, same, ventral. Photographs by: Amooret Spooner, Oxford University Museum of Natural History." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236823/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
e). Comparing other genital structures, such as ectoproct, ninth sternite, gonocoxites, gonarcal median lobe and pseudopenis base, all have great similarity with the specimens studied here. With a more detailed magnification of the photographs, we can see that the pseudopenis of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="6E3903A5FFEBFFF2ABC0FE90FBFAD407" box="[978,1026,296,320]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen is fragmented and located towards the anterior abdominal region, causing difficulty to diagnose this species and creating confusion for a long time (
|
||
<figureCitation id="29B9A182FFEBFFF2A8CAFED7FEE2D4CF" box="[216,282,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1950,1972]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,541,1922]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,541,1929]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 8. Type material: a, M. hagenella, habitus holotype male, dorsal; b, M. cognatella, habitus holotype female, dorsal; c, M. hagenella, labels of holotype; d, M. cognatella, labels of holotype; e, M. hagenella, prepared abdomen of holotype, lateral; f, same, ventral. Photographs by: Amooret Spooner, Oxford University Museum of Natural History." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236823/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
e, f).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B13DBD07FFEBFFF2A8D5FE2DFC2BD4B2" blockId="18.[151,1436,151,501]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">
|
||
In conclusion, it seems that male genital structures are very variable, ninth gonocoxites may have three or four apical processes. In addition, current treatments are not accurate enough to ensure reliable species delimitation due to misinterpretation of the pseudopenis morphology of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="6E3903A5FFEBFFF2AB38FE65FCA2D4B2" box="[810,858,477,501]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="E5FDED8FFFEBFFF2A885F826FB72D2B5" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236823/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" targetBox="[151,1436,541,1922]" targetPageId="18">
|
||
<paragraph id="B13DBD07FFEBFFF2A885F826FB72D2B5" blockId="18.[151,1436,1950,2034]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFEBFFF2A885F826FEEAD2F3" bold="true" box="[151,274,1950,1972]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
|
||
Type material:
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFEBFFF2A9A2F826FE44D2F3" bold="true" box="[432,444,1950,1972]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">a</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7682C684FFEBFFF2A9DAF818FDB6D2F3" box="[456,590,1950,1973]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Mantispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hagenella">
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFEBFFF2A9DAF818FDB6D2F3" box="[456,590,1950,1973]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">M. hagenella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, habitus holotype male, dorsal;
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFEBFFF2AB9DF826FC65D2F3" bold="true" box="[911,925,1950,1972]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">b</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7682C684FFEBFFF2ABBBF818FBCDD2F3" box="[937,1077,1950,1973]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Mantispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cognatella">
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFEBFFF2ABBBF818FBCDD2F3" box="[937,1077,1950,1973]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">M. cognatella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, habitus holotype female, dorsal;
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFEBFFF2AD98F826FA6DD2F3" bold="true" box="[1418,1429,1950,1972]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">c</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7682C684FFEBFFF2A885F806FEE5D294" box="[151,285,1981,2003]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Mantispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hagenella">
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFEBFFF2A885F806FEE5D294" box="[151,285,1981,2003]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">M. hagenella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, labels of holotype;
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFEBFFF2A9FFF805FE03D294" bold="true" box="[493,507,1981,2003]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">d</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7682C684FFEBFFF2AA1BF806FD6ED294" box="[521,662,1981,2003]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Mantispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cognatella">
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFEBFFF2AA1BF806FD6ED294" box="[521,662,1981,2003]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">M. cognatella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, labels of holotype;
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFEBFFF2AB74F805FC89D294" bold="true" box="[870,881,1981,2003]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">e</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7682C684FFEBFFF2AB6DF806FBFDD294" box="[895,1029,1981,2003]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Mantispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hagenella">
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFEBFFF2AB6DF806FBFDD294" box="[895,1029,1981,2003]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">M. hagenella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, prepared abdomen of holotype, lateral;
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFEBFFF2A885F864FF67D2B5" bold="true" box="[151,159,2012,2034]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">f</emphasis>
|
||
, same, ventral. Photographs by: Amooret Spooner, Oxford University Museum of Natural History.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="B13DBD07FFEAFFF3A8D5FF2FFE05D423" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,680]" pageId="19" pageNumber="420">
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFEAFFF3A8D5FF2FFEC3D5F7" bold="true" box="[199,315,151,176]" pageId="19" pageNumber="420">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
In
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C995FD97FFEAFFF3A975FF2FFE2DD5F7" box="[359,469,151,176]" name="Colombia" pageId="19" pageNumber="420">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
this species has been collected near water sources on vegetation or rocks between 19h00 to 20h00. Some specimens were found camouflaged on the surface of large rocks, mostly covered with lichens and mosses, where they hunted small dipterans. Cited from Magdalena by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D513C0F6FFEAFFF3AC64FF58FADCD5BF" author="Penny" box="[1142,1316,223,248]" pageId="19" pageNumber="420" refString="Penny, N. D. (1982 b) Neuroptera of the Amazon basin. Part 6. Mantispidae (1). Acta Amazonica, 12 (2), 415 - 463." type="journal article" year="1982" yearSuffix="b">Penny (1982b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, herein
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7682C684FFEAFFF3AD95FF59FEFED45A" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Mantispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="420" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hagenella">
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFEAFFF3AD95FF59FEFED45A" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="420">P. hagenella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is recorded in Antioquia, Chocó, Cundinamarca, Meta, Santander and Tolima for the first time, as probably being the most common and widely distributed symphrasine in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C995FD97FFEAFFF3ABC1FE9FFBBDD407" box="[979,1093,295,320]" name="Colombia" pageId="19" pageNumber="420">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Their altitudial distribution is comprised between
|
||
<quantity id="767A10E2FFEAFFF3A965FEF4FE01D423" box="[375,505,332,357]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.05" metricValueMax="16.0" metricValueMin="0.1" pageId="19" pageNumber="420" unit="m" value="805.0" valueMax="1600.0" valueMin="10.0">10‒1600 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B13DBD07FFEAFFF3A8D5FED7FD1ED7C2" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,680]" pageId="19" pageNumber="420">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D513C0F6FFEAFFF3A8D5FED7FE61D4CF" box="[199,409,367,392]" pageId="19" pageNumber="420" refString="Hook, A. W., Oswald, J. D. & Neff, J. L. (2010) Plega hagenella (Neuroptera: Mantispidae) parasitism of Hylaeus (Hylaeopsis) sp. (Hymenoptera: Colletidae) reusing nests of Trypoxylon manni (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae) in Trinidad. Journal of Hymenoptera Research, 19, 77 - 83." type="journal article">
|
||
Hook
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFEAFFF3A91FFEC9FEC7D4CF" box="[269,319,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="420">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2010)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported the association of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7682C684FFEAFFF3AAC6FEC9FCA6D4CF" box="[724,862,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Mantispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="420" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hagenella">
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFEAFFF3AAC6FEC9FCA6D4CF" box="[724,862,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="420">P. hagenella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with the immature stages of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7682C684FFEAFFF3ACBBFED7FA63D4CF" authority="Hylaeopsis" authorityName="Hylaeopsis" box="[1193,1435,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Colletidae" genus="Hylaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="420" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFEAFFF3ACBBFED7FA63D4CF" box="[1193,1435,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="420">Hylaeus (Hylaeopsis)</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7682C684FFEAFFF3A8CBFE2CFE63D4EB" box="[217,411,404,429]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Tripoxilon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="19" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="manni">
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFEAFFF3A8CBFE2CFE63D4EB" box="[217,411,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="420">Tripoxilon manni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
nests. Recently
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D513C0F6FFEAFFF3AA42FE2CFCA3D4EB" box="[592,859,404,429]" pageId="19" pageNumber="420" refString="Maia-Silva, C., Hrncr, M., Koedam, D., Machado, R. J. P. & Imperatriz-Fonseca, V. L. (2013) Out with the garbage: the parasitic strategy of the mantisfly Plega hagenella mass-infesting colonies of the eusocial bee Melipona subnitida in northeastern Brazil. Naturwissenschaften, 100, 101 - 105. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00114 - 012 - 0994 - 1" type="journal article">
|
||
Maia-Silva
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFEAFFF3AAC1FE2DFCFBD4EA" box="[723,771,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="420">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2013)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
studied the relationship between this mantispid and the eusocial bee
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7682C684FFEAFFF3A95CFE0FFDD0D497" box="[334,552,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Melipona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="420" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subnitida">
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFEAFFF3A95CFE0FFDD0D497" box="[334,552,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="420">Melipona subnitida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the semi-arid region of northeastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C995FD97FFEAFFF3ABF2FE0FFBDFD497" box="[992,1063,439,464]" name="Brazil" pageId="19" pageNumber="420">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, providing important information on the biology of this subfamily. In addition, the authors indicated that this species could become a solitary-bee predator, with occasional associations with social bees or vice versa. Larvae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7682C684FFEAFFF3AC1BFDB9FB6AD75F" box="[1033,1170,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Mantispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="420" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hagenella">
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFEAFFF3AC1BFDB9FB6AD75F" box="[1033,1170,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="420">P. hagenella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are developed inside of closed cells of the stingless bee colonies, feeding on the hemolynph of the meliponine larvae or pupae. Pharate adults of the mantispid, probably have a chemical camouflage or a chemical profile similar to that of their prey, allowing them to escape from the nest without harm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F998EE8CFFEAFFF3A8D5FD37FB16D7EF" box="[199,1262,655,680]" pageId="19" pageNumber="420" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="B13DBD07FFEAFFF3A8D5FD37FB16D7EF" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,680]" box="[199,1262,655,680]" pageId="19" pageNumber="420">
|
||
<emphasis id="83F66115FFEAFFF3A8D5FD37FE98D7EF" bold="true" box="[199,352,655,680]" pageId="19" pageNumber="420">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C995FD97FFEAFFF3A975FD37FE44D7EF" box="[359,444,655,680]" name="Bolivia" pageId="19" pageNumber="420">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C995FD97FFEAFFF3A9D5FD37FDF6D7EF" box="[455,526,655,680]" name="Brazil" pageId="19" pageNumber="420">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C995FD97FFEAFFF3AA08FD37FD73D7EF" box="[538,651,655,680]" name="Colombia" pageId="19" pageNumber="420">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C995FD97FFEAFFF3AA84FD28FCEBD7EF" box="[662,787,655,680]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="19" pageNumber="420">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C995FD97FFEAFFF3AB0CFD37FC6CD7EF" box="[798,916,655,680]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="19" pageNumber="420">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C995FD97FFEAFFF3ABB2FD28FC04D7E0" box="[928,1020,656,679]" name="Panama" pageId="19" pageNumber="420">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C995FD97FFEAFFF3AC14FD37FB90D7EF" box="[1030,1128,655,680]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="19" pageNumber="420">Trinidad</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C995FD97FFEAFFF3AC66FD37FB13D7EF" box="[1140,1259,655,680]" name="Venezuela" pageId="19" pageNumber="420">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |