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<document id="2215CF152847E79FCCF158699C27B2C5" ID-CLB-Dataset="42366" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3873.4.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3762132e-7358-44b3-a430-0708f1fe15f5" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="229232" ID-ZooBank="7FCB1765-9A81-4BA7-9633-F896B2B808BA" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460937074552" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Haukisalmi, Voitto, Hardman, Lotta M., Hoberg, Eric P. &amp; Henttonen, Heikki" docDate="2014" docId="0388DB328C69B87F25CFFD7F1DAB907C" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03873p415.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3873 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Paranoplocephala Luhe 1910" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="381" masterDocId="FFB1A34A8C60B8752558FFCC1E559635" masterDocTitle="Phylogenetic relationships and taxonomic revision of Paranoplocephala Lühe, 1910 sensu lato (Cestoda, Cyclophyllidea, Anoplocephalidae)" masterLastPageNumber="415" masterPageNumber="371" pageNumber="380" updateTime="1698583556843" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="62DF75D6CBC018BAC3DE74AD0822863A">Phylogenetic relationships and taxonomic revision of Paranoplocephala Lühe, 1910 sensu lato (Cestoda, Cyclophyllidea, Anoplocephalidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="745F58C4EC2109FA0876197CF83095F9">Haukisalmi, Voitto</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="23972837E2EF0724CAD1C8404F0E1979">Hardman, Lotta M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="23C7C382FB31E471611612C4E8ED02EE">Hoberg, Eric P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1A16186C1627779071C928F9F2EB02F8">Henttonen, Heikki</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="0388DB328C69B87F25CFFD7F1DAB907C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5686984" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119590824" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5686984" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0388DB328C69B87F25CFFD7F1DAB907C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0388DB328C69B87F25CFFD7F1DAB907C" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="381" pageId="9" pageNumber="380">
<subSubSection id="C33B39AF8C69B87C25CFFD7F1EBE94C5" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B9E6A248C69B87C25CFFD7F1FA094F8" blockId="9.[151,501,691,752]" box="[151,501,691,717]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380">
<heading id="D0D6DD488C69B87C25CFFD7F1FA094F8" bold="true" box="[151,501,691,717]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C2111A78C69B87C25CFFD7F1FA094F8" authority="Luhe, 1910" authorityName="Luhe" authorityYear="1910" box="[151,501,691,717]" class="Cestoda" family="Anoplocephalidae" genus="Paranoplocephala" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B955B6368C69B87C25CFFD7F1FA094F8" bold="true" box="[151,501,691,717]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380">
<emphasis id="B955B6368C69B87C25CFFD7F1F3E94F9" bold="true" box="[151,363,691,716]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="380">Paranoplocephala</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB017D58C69B87C2429FD781FA094F8" author="Luhe" box="[369,501,692,717]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" refString="Luhe, M. (1910) Die Susswasserfauna Deutschlands. Heft 18: Parasitische Plattwurmer. II. Cestoden. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena, 153 pp." type="book" year="1910">Lühe, 1910</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E6A248C69B87C25CFFD1B1EBE94C5" blockId="9.[151,501,691,752]" box="[151,235,727,752]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380">
(
<figureCitation id="131A76A18C69B87C25C7FD1B1EB694C5" box="[159,227,727,752]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,695,717]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,200,669]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1435,195,673]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Paranoplocephala omphalodes from Microtus agrestis from Finland. A. Scolex and neck. B. Mature proglottid." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/229238/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="380">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33B39AF8C69B87C25CFFCD31CD19339" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B9E6A248C69B87C25CFFCD31F879295" blockId="9.[151,1437,799,1184]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380">
<emphasis id="B955B6368C69B87C25CFFCD31F44950D" bold="true" box="[151,273,799,824]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Strobila long and usually wide. Scolex large, provided with prominent, protruding, crateriform suckers directed anteriorly. Neck long, narrow relative to scolex width (26–34%). Proglottids craspedote, but velum short or absent. Mature proglottids transversely elongated (length/width ratio 15–36%). Genital pores infrequently (and irregularly) alternating (exceptionally unilateral). Genital ducts pass dorsal to longitudinal osmoregulatory canals. Testes antiporal or antiporal and anterior to ovary, overlapping ventral longitudinal canal antiporally, but not porally. Testes non-overlapping or slightly overlapping with ovary. Cirrus sac short, usually overlapping but not extending beyond ventral longitudinal canal. Vagina shorter than cirrus sac, positioned posterior or postero-ventral to cirrus sac, covered with thick glandular cell layer widening distally, usually not overlapping ventral longitudinal canal. Seminal receptacle elongate, pyriform or ovoid. Early uterus reticulate, anterior, ventral to other organs, with lateral, posteriorly widened, fenestrated “wings”. In cricetid (
<taxonomicName id="4C2111A78C69B87C2601FBA81DB79248" box="[857,994,1124,1149]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Arvicolinae">Arvicolinae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C2111A78C69B87C26A8FBA81A2E9248" box="[1008,1147,1124,1149]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Neotominae</taxonomicName>
) and geomyid rodents in Eurasia and North
<collectingCountry id="F3362AB48C69B87C2432FB4B1F9B9295" box="[362,462,1159,1184]" name="United States of America" pageId="9" pageNumber="380">America</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E6A248C69B87C25CFFB1C1CD19339" blockId="9.[151,1134,1231,1977]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380">
<typeStatus id="549AD4868C69B87C25CFFB1C1E9A92DD" box="[151,207,1232,1256]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="4C2111A78C69B87C246DFB1D1D7392DD" authority="(Hermann, 1783) Luhe, 1910" authorityName="(Hermann, 1783) Luhe" authorityYear="1910" box="[309,806,1231,1256]" class="Cestoda" family="Anoplocephalidae" genus="Paranoplocephala" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="omphalodes">
<emphasis id="B955B6368C69B87C246DFB1D1F8292DD" box="[309,471,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="380">P. omphalodes</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB017D58C69B87C24BEFB1C1CC292DD" author="Hermann" box="[486,663,1232,1256]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" refString="Hermann, J. (1783) Helmintologische Bemerkungen. Der Naturforscher, 19, 31 - 59." type="journal article" year="1783">Hermann, 1783</bibRefCitation>
)
<bibRefCitation id="EFB017D58C69B87C27FFFB031D7392DD" author="Luhe" box="[679,806,1231,1256]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" refString="Luhe, M. (1910) Die Susswasserfauna Deutschlands. Heft 18: Parasitische Plattwurmer. II. Cestoden. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena, 153 pp." type="book" year="1910">Lühe, 1910</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C2111A78C69B87C25ADFB391CD19339" authority="Hermann, 1783" authorityName="Hermann" authorityYear="1783" box="[245,644,1268,1293]" class="Cestoda" family="Taeniidae" genus="Taenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="omphalodes">
<emphasis id="B955B6368C69B87C25ADFB391F9B9338" box="[245,462,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="380">Taenia omphalodes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB017D58C69B87C248DFB391CD19339" author="Hermann" box="[469,644,1268,1292]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" refString="Hermann, J. (1783) Helmintologische Bemerkungen. Der Naturforscher, 19, 31 - 59." type="journal article" year="1783">Hermann, 1783</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33B39AF8C69B87C25ADFADB1D4D918D" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B9E6A248C69B87C25ADFADB1CD893A9" blockId="9.[151,1134,1231,1977]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380">
<taxonomicName id="4C2111A78C69B87C25ADFADB1D799305" authority="(Hermann, 1783) Zeder, 1803" authorityName="(Hermann, 1783) Zeder" authorityYear="1803" box="[245,812,1303,1328]" class="Cestoda" family="Taeniidae" genus="Halysis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="omphalodes">
<emphasis id="B955B6368C69B87C25ADFADB1F829305" box="[245,471,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="380">Halysis omphalodes</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB017D58C69B87C24BEFAD41CC29305" author="Hermann" box="[486,663,1304,1328]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" refString="Hermann, J. (1783) Helmintologische Bemerkungen. Der Naturforscher, 19, 31 - 59." type="journal article" year="1783">Hermann, 1783</bibRefCitation>
)
<bibRefCitation id="EFB017D58C69B87C27FEFADB1D799305" author="Zeder" box="[678,812,1303,1328]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" refString="Zeder, J. G. H. (1803) Anleitung zur Naturgeschichte der Eingeweidewurmer. Fur Aerzte, Thieraerzte und Naturforscher. Komptoir der Zeitung, Bamberg, 432 pp." type="book" year="1803">Zeder, 1803</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C2111A78C69B87C25ADFAF01DC49361" authority="(Hermann, 1783) Janicki, 1904" authorityName="(Hermann, 1783) Janicki" authorityYear="1904" box="[245,913,1340,1365]" class="Cestoda" family="Anoplocephalidae" genus="Anoplocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="omphalodes">
<emphasis id="B955B6368C69B87C25ADFAF01C799360" box="[245,556,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="380">Anoplocephala omphalodes</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB017D58C69B87C2763FAF01CB99361" author="Hermann" box="[571,748,1340,1364]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" refString="Hermann, J. (1783) Helmintologische Bemerkungen. Der Naturforscher, 19, 31 - 59." type="journal article" year="1783">Hermann, 1783</bibRefCitation>
)
<bibRefCitation id="EFB017D58C69B87C27A3FAF01DC49361" author="Janicki" box="[763,913,1340,1365]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" refString="Janicki, C. (1904) Zur Kenntnis einiger Saugetiercestoden. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 27, 770 - 782." type="journal article" year="1904">Janicki, 1904</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C2111A78C69B87C25ADFA931D06934D" authority="(Hermann, 1783) Meggitt, 1927" authorityName="(Hermann, 1783) Meggitt" authorityYear="1927" box="[245,851,1375,1400]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Massarinaceae" genus="Bertiella" kingdom="Fungi" order="Pleosporales" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="omphalodes">
<emphasis id="B955B6368C69B87C25ADFA931FB0934D" box="[245,485,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="380">Bertiella omphalodes</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB017D58C69B87C24ACFAAC1CF0934D" author="Hermann" box="[500,677,1376,1400]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" refString="Hermann, J. (1783) Helmintologische Bemerkungen. Der Naturforscher, 19, 31 - 59." type="journal article" year="1783">Hermann, 1783</bibRefCitation>
)
<bibRefCitation id="EFB017D58C69B87C27ECFA931D06934D" author="Meggitt" box="[692,851,1375,1400]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" refString="Meggitt, F. J. (1927) Report on a collection of Cestoda, mainly from Egypt. Part I. Families Anoplocephalidae, Davaineidae. Parasitology, 19, 314 - 327. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0031182000005746" type="journal article" year="1927">Meggitt, 1927</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C2111A78C69B87C25ADFA481CD893A9" authority="Kirshenblat, 1938" authorityName="Kirshenblat" authorityYear="1938" box="[245,653,1412,1437]" class="Cestoda" family="Anoplocephalidae" genus="Andrya" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="caucasica">
<emphasis id="B955B6368C69B87C25ADFA481FEB93A9" box="[245,446,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="380">Andrya caucasica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB017D58C69B87C249DFA481CD893A9" author="Kirshenblat" box="[453,653,1412,1437]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" refString="Kirshenblat, Y. D. (1938) Zakonomernosti dinamiky parazitofauni myschevidnyh gryzunov. Izdanie Lenindgradskogo Gosudarstvenogo Universiteta, Leningrad, U. S. S. R., 92 pp." type="book" year="1938">Kirshenblat, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E6A248C69B87C25CFFA6B1F6293F5" blockId="9.[151,1134,1231,1977]" box="[151,311,1447,1472]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380">Other species:</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E6A248C69B87C259FFA011D5093D0" blockId="9.[151,1134,1231,1977]" box="[199,773,1484,1509]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380">
<taxonomicName id="4C2111A78C69B87C259FFA011D5093D0" authority="Haukisalmi, Henttonen &amp; Hardman, 2006" authorityName="Haukisalmi, Henttonen &amp; Hardman" authorityYear="2006" box="[199,773,1484,1509]" class="Cestoda" family="Anoplocephalidae" genus="Paranoplocephala" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="batzlii">
<emphasis id="B955B6368C69B87C259FFA011F7D93D0" box="[199,296,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="380">P. batzlii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB017D58C69B87C2477FA001D5093D0" author="Haukisalmi" box="[303,773,1484,1509]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" refString="Haukisalmi, V., Henttonen, H. &amp; Hardman, L. M. (2006) Taxonomy and diversity of Paranoplocephala spp. (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae) in voles and lemmings of Beringia, with a description of three new species. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 89, 277 - 299. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1095 - 8312.2006.00672. x" type="journal article" year="2006">Haukisalmi, Henttonen &amp; Hardman, 2006</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E6A248C69B87C259FFA3D1D58903D" blockId="9.[151,1134,1231,1977]" box="[199,781,1519,1544]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380">
<taxonomicName id="4C2111A78C69B87C259FFA3D1D58903D" authority="Haukisalmi, Henttonen &amp; Hardman, 2006" authorityName="Haukisalmi, Henttonen &amp; Hardman" authorityYear="2006" box="[199,781,1519,1544]" class="Cestoda" family="Anoplocephalidae" genus="Paranoplocephala" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="jarrelli">
<emphasis id="B955B6368C69B87C259FFA3D1F65903D" box="[199,304,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="380">P. jarrelli</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB017D58C69B87C2460FA231D58903D" author="Haukisalmi" box="[312,781,1519,1544]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" refString="Haukisalmi, V., Henttonen, H. &amp; Hardman, L. M. (2006) Taxonomy and diversity of Paranoplocephala spp. (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae) in voles and lemmings of Beringia, with a description of three new species. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 89, 277 - 299. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1095 - 8312.2006.00672. x" type="journal article" year="2006">Haukisalmi, Henttonen &amp; Hardman, 2006</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E6A248C69B87C259FF9D91D099065" blockId="9.[151,1134,1231,1977]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380">
<taxonomicName id="4C2111A78C69B87C259FF9D91A3B9018" authority="(Tenora, Haukisalmi &amp; Henttonen, 1985) Tenora, Murai &amp; Vaucher, 1986" authorityName="(Tenora, Haukisalmi &amp; Henttonen, 1985) Tenora, Murai &amp; Vaucher" authorityYear="1986" box="[199,1134,1556,1581]" class="Cestoda" family="Anoplocephalidae" genus="Paranoplocephala" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="kalelai">
<emphasis id="B955B6368C69B87C259FF9D91F7B9018" box="[199,302,1556,1581]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="380">P. kalelai</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB017D58C69B87C2465F9D81CAE9018" author="Tenora" box="[317,763,1556,1581]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" refString="Tenora, F., Haukisalmi, V. &amp; Henttonen, H. (1985 a) Andrya kalelai sp. n. and (?) Anoplocephaloides sp., Cestoda, Anoplocephalidae, parasites of Clethrionomys - rodents in Finland. Annales Zoologici Fennici, 22, 411 - 416." type="journal article" year="1985">Tenora, Haukisalmi &amp; Henttonen, 1985</bibRefCitation>
)
<bibRefCitation id="EFB017D58C69B87C2652F9D91A3B9018" author="Tenora" box="[778,1134,1556,1581]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" refString="Tenora, F., Murai, E. &amp; Vaucher, C. (1986) On Andrya Railliet, 1893 and Paranoplocephala Luhe, 1910 (Cestoda, Monieziinae). Parasitologica Hungarica, 19, 43 - 75." type="journal article" year="1986">Tenora, Murai &amp; Vaucher, 1986</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C2111A78C69B87C25ADF9FB1D099065" authority="Tenora, Haukisalmi &amp; Henttonen, 1985" authorityName="Tenora, Haukisalmi &amp; Henttonen" authorityYear="1985" box="[245,860,1591,1616]" class="Cestoda" family="Anoplocephalidae" genus="Andrya" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="kalelai">
<emphasis id="B955B6368C69B87C25ADF9FB1FCF9065" box="[245,410,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="380">Andrya kalelai</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB017D58C69B87C24FAF9F41D099065" author="Tenora" box="[418,860,1591,1616]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" refString="Tenora, F., Haukisalmi, V. &amp; Henttonen, H. (1985 a) Andrya kalelai sp. n. and (?) Anoplocephaloides sp., Cestoda, Anoplocephalidae, parasites of Clethrionomys - rodents in Finland. Annales Zoologici Fennici, 22, 411 - 416." type="journal article" year="1985">Tenora, Haukisalmi &amp; Henttonen, 1985</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E6A248C69B87C259FF9911FFF9041" blockId="9.[151,1134,1231,1977]" box="[199,426,1628,1653]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380">
<taxonomicName id="4C2111A78C69B87C259FF9911FFF9041" authority="Voge, 1948" authorityName="Voge" authorityYear="1948" box="[199,426,1628,1653]" class="Cestoda" family="Anoplocephalidae" genus="Paranoplocephala" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="kirbyi">
<emphasis id="B955B6368C69B87C259FF9911F769040" box="[199,291,1628,1653]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="380">P. kirbyi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB017D58C69B87C2473F9911FFF9041" author="Voge" box="[299,426,1628,1653]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" refString="Voge, M. (1948) A new anoplocephalid cestode, Paranoplocephala kirbyi, from Microtus californicus californicus. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 67, 299 - 303. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 3223198" type="journal article" year="1948">Voge, 1948</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E6A248C69B87C259FF94D1C8B90AD" blockId="9.[151,1134,1231,1977]" box="[199,734,1663,1688]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380">
<taxonomicName id="4C2111A78C69B87C259FF94D1C8B90AD" authority="(Douthitt, 1915) Rausch, 1976" authorityName="(Douthitt, 1915) Rausch" authorityYear="1976" box="[199,734,1663,1688]" class="Cestoda" family="Anoplocephalidae" genus="Paranoplocephala" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="macrocephala">
<emphasis id="B955B6368C69B87C259FF94D1FD490AD" box="[199,385,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="380">P. macrocephala</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB017D58C69B87C24C8F9B31C6390AD" author="Douthitt" box="[400,566,1663,1688]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" refString="Douthitt, H. (1915) Studies on the cestode family Anoplocephalidae. Illinois Biological Monographs, 1, 1 - 96." type="journal article" year="1915">Douthitt, 1915</bibRefCitation>
)
<bibRefCitation id="EFB017D58C69B87C271DF9B31C8B90AD" author="Rausch" box="[581,734,1663,1688]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" refString="Rausch, R. L. (1976) The genera Paranoplocephala Luhe, 1910 and Anoplocephaloides Baer, 1923 (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae), with particular reference to species in rodents. Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparee, 51, 513 - 562." type="journal article" year="1976">Rausch, 1976</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E6A248C69B87C25ADF9681CCD9088" blockId="9.[151,1134,1231,1977]" box="[245,664,1700,1725]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380">
<taxonomicName id="4C2111A78C69B87C25ADF9681CCD9088" authority="Douthitt, 1915" authorityName="Douthitt" authorityYear="1915" box="[245,664,1700,1725]" class="Cestoda" family="Anoplocephalidae" genus="Andrya" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="macrocephala">
<emphasis id="B955B6368C69B87C25ADF9681FB89088" box="[245,493,1700,1725]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="380">Andrya macrocephala</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB017D58C69B87C24ACF9681CCD9088" author="Douthitt" box="[500,664,1700,1725]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" refString="Douthitt, H. (1915) Studies on the cestode family Anoplocephalidae. Illinois Biological Monographs, 1, 1 - 96." type="journal article" year="1915">Douthitt, 1915</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E6A248C69B87C25ADF90B1C2D9130" blockId="9.[151,1134,1231,1977]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380">
<taxonomicName id="4C2111A78C69B87C25ADF90B1D8390D5" authority="(Douthitt, 1915) Kirshenblat, 1938" authorityName="(Douthitt, 1915) Kirshenblat" authorityYear="1938" box="[245,982,1735,1760]" class="Cestoda" family="Anoplocephalidae" genus="Aprostatandrya" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="macrocephala">
<emphasis id="B955B6368C69B87C25ADF90B1C1F90D5" box="[245,586,1735,1760]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="380">Aprostatandrya macrocephala</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB017D58C69B87C2700F90B1CAB90D5" author="Douthitt" box="[600,766,1735,1760]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" refString="Douthitt, H. (1915) Studies on the cestode family Anoplocephalidae. Illinois Biological Monographs, 1, 1 - 96." type="journal article" year="1915">Douthitt, 1915</bibRefCitation>
)
<bibRefCitation id="EFB017D58C69B87C2656F90B1D8390D5" author="Kirshenblat" box="[782,982,1735,1760]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" refString="Kirshenblat, Y. D. (1938) Zakonomernosti dinamiky parazitofauni myschevidnyh gryzunov. Izdanie Lenindgradskogo Gosudarstvenogo Universiteta, Leningrad, U. S. S. R., 92 pp." type="book" year="1938">Kirshenblat, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C2111A78C69B87C25ADF9201C2D9130" authority="Douthitt, 1915" authorityName="Douthitt" authorityYear="1915" box="[245,632,1772,1797]" class="Cestoda" family="Anoplocephalidae" genus="Andrya" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="translucida">
<emphasis id="B955B6368C69B87C25ADF9201F9B9130" box="[245,462,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="380">Andrya translucida</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB017D58C69B87C248DF9201C2D9130" author="Douthitt" box="[469,632,1772,1797]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" refString="Douthitt, H. (1915) Studies on the cestode family Anoplocephalidae. Illinois Biological Monographs, 1, 1 - 96." type="journal article" year="1915">Douthitt, 1915</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E6A248C69B87C259FF8DD1CCA911D" blockId="9.[151,1134,1231,1977]" box="[199,671,1807,1832]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380">
<taxonomicName id="4C2111A78C69B87C259FF8DD1CCA911D" authority="Tenora, Gubanyi &amp; Murai, 1999" authorityName="Tenora, Gubanyi &amp; Murai" authorityYear="1999" box="[199,671,1807,1832]" class="Cestoda" family="Anoplocephalidae" genus="Paranoplocephala" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="maseri">
<emphasis id="B955B6368C69B87C259FF8DD1F7B911D" box="[199,302,1809,1832]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="380">P. maseri</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB017D58C69B87C246DF8DD1CCA911D" author="Tenora" box="[309,671,1807,1832]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" refString="Tenora, F., Gubanyi, A. &amp; Murai, E. (1999) Paranoplocephala maseri n. sp. (Cestoda, Anoplocephalidae), a parasite of sagebrush voles Lemmiscus curtatus (Rodentia) in the USA. Systematic Parasitology, 42, 153 - 158. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1023 / a: 1006077930526" type="journal article" year="1999">Tenora, Gubányi &amp; Murai, 1999</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E6A248C69B87C259FF8F91C6A9145" blockId="9.[151,1134,1231,1977]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380">
<taxonomicName id="4C2111A78C69B87C259FF8F91D049179" authority="(Hansen, 1947) Tenora, Murai &amp; Vaucher, 1984" authorityName="(Hansen, 1947) Tenora, Murai &amp; Vaucher" authorityYear="1984" box="[199,849,1844,1869]" class="Cestoda" family="Anoplocephalidae" genus="Paranoplocephala" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="microti">
<emphasis id="B955B6368C69B87C259FF8F91F679179" box="[199,306,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="380">P. microti</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB017D58C69B87C2419F8F81F889179" author="Hansen" box="[321,477,1844,1868]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" refString="Hansen, M. (1947) Three anoplocephalid cestodes from the prairie meadow vole, with description of Andrya microti n. sp. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 66, 279 - 282. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 3223395" type="journal article" year="1947">Hansen, 1947</bibRefCitation>
)
<bibRefCitation id="EFB017D58C69B87C24B5F8F91D049179" author="Tenora" box="[493,849,1844,1869]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" refString="Tenora, F., Murai, E. &amp; Vaucher, C. (1984) On Anoplocephalidae (Cestoda), parasitizing Rodentia and Lagomorpha in Europe. Parasitologica Hungarica, 17, 51 - 57." type="journal article" year="1984">Tenora, Murai &amp; Vaucher, 1984</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C2111A78C69B87C25ADF89B1C6A9145" authority="Hansen, 1947" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1947" box="[245,575,1879,1904]" class="Cestoda" family="Anoplocephalidae" genus="Andrya" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="microti">
<emphasis id="B955B6368C69B87C25ADF89B1FCB9145" box="[245,414,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="380">Andrya microti</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB017D58C69B87C24FDF8941C6A9145" author="Hansen" box="[421,575,1880,1904]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" refString="Hansen, M. (1947) Three anoplocephalid cestodes from the prairie meadow vole, with description of Andrya microti n. sp. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 66, 279 - 282. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 3223395" type="journal article" year="1947">Hansen, 1947</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E6A248C69B87C259FF8B11D4D918D" blockId="9.[151,1134,1231,1977]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380">
<taxonomicName id="4C2111A78C69B87C259FF8B11A7091A1" authority="(Fair, Schmidt &amp; Wertheim, 1990) Haukisalmi &amp; Henttonen, 2003" authorityName="(Fair, Schmidt &amp; Wertheim, 1990) Haukisalmi &amp; Henttonen" authorityYear="2003" box="[199,1061,1916,1941]" class="Cestoda" family="Anoplocephalidae" genus="Paranoplocephala" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="rauschi">
<emphasis id="B955B6368C69B87C259FF8B11F6391A0" box="[199,310,1916,1941]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="380">P. rauschi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB017D58C69B87C241DF8B01CE391A1" author="Fair" box="[325,694,1916,1941]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" refString="Fair, J. M., Schmidt, G. D. &amp; Wertheim, G. (1990) New species of Andrya and Paranoplocephala from voles and mole-rats in Israel and Syria. Journal of Parasitology, 76, 641 - 644. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 3282975" type="journal article" year="1990">Fair, Schmidt &amp; Wertheim, 1990</bibRefCitation>
) Haukisalmi &amp; Henttonen, 2003
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C2111A78C69B87C25ADF86C1D4D918D" authority="Fair, Schmidt &amp; Wertheim, 1990" authorityName="Fair, Schmidt &amp; Wertheim" authorityYear="1990" box="[245,792,1952,1977]" class="Cestoda" family="Anoplocephalidae" genus="Andrya" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="rauschi">
<emphasis id="B955B6368C69B87C25ADF86C1FF7918C" box="[245,418,1952,1977]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="380">Andrya rauschi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB017D58C69B87C24F1F86C1D4D918D" author="Fair" box="[425,792,1952,1977]" pageId="9" pageNumber="380" refString="Fair, J. M., Schmidt, G. D. &amp; Wertheim, G. (1990) New species of Andrya and Paranoplocephala from voles and mole-rats in Israel and Syria. Journal of Parasitology, 76, 641 - 644. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 3282975" type="journal article" year="1990">Fair, Schmidt &amp; Wertheim, 1990</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF5E3AAC8C6AB87F25CFFD7B1BD094F8" box="[151,1413,695,717]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/229238/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" targetBox="[151,1430,200,669]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="8B9E6A248C6AB87F25CFFD7B1BD094F8" blockId="10.[151,1413,695,717]" box="[151,1413,695,717]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">
<emphasis id="B955B6368C6AB87F25CFFD7B1F5994F8" bold="true" box="[151,268,695,717]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">FIGURE 6</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C2111A78C6AB87F2441FD7B1C0294F8" box="[281,599,695,717]" class="Cestoda" family="Anoplocephalidae" genus="Paranoplocephala" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="omphalodes">
<emphasis id="B955B6368C6AB87F2441FD7B1C0294F8" box="[281,599,695,717]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">Paranoplocephala omphalodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="4C2111A78C6AB87F27CCFD741D1194F8" box="[660,836,696,717]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Microtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="agrestis">
<emphasis id="B955B6368C6AB87F27CCFD741D1194F8" box="[660,836,696,717]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">Microtus agrestis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Finland. A. Scolex and neck. B. Mature proglottid.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C33B39AF8C6AB87F259FFD381DAB907C" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B9E6A248C6AB87F259FFD381B4892AD" blockId="10.[151,1437,756,1465]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">
<emphasis id="B955B6368C6AB87F259FFD381F619538" bold="true" box="[199,308,756,781]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">Remarks</emphasis>
.
<typeStatus id="549AD4868C6AB87F241AFD391F2F9538" box="[322,378,757,781]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">Type</typeStatus>
specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C2111A78C6AB87F2744FD391CEB9538" box="[540,702,756,781]" class="Cestoda" family="Anoplocephalidae" genus="Paranoplocephala" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="omphalodes">
<emphasis id="B955B6368C6AB87F2744FD391CEB9538" box="[540,702,756,781]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">P. omphalodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were not designated when the species was characterized, and the cestodes on which the original description (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB017D58C6AB87F27C0FCD41D129505" author="Hermann" box="[664,839,792,816]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" refString="Hermann, J. (1783) Helmintologische Bemerkungen. Der Naturforscher, 19, 31 - 59." type="journal article" year="1783">Hermann 1783</bibRefCitation>
) was based are evidently lost and no longer exist. Tenora &amp; Murai (1980) recognized this problem and proposed designation of a
<typeStatus id="549AD4868C6AB87F217CFCF01ADF9560" box="[1060,1162,828,853]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
for
<taxonomicName id="4C2111A78C6AB87F21E4FCF11B349560" box="[1212,1377,828,853]" class="Cestoda" family="Anoplocephalidae" genus="Paranoplocephala" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="omphalodes">
<emphasis id="B955B6368C6AB87F21E4FCF11B349560" box="[1212,1377,828,853]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">P. omphalodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The specimen no.
<quantity id="4CD9C7C18C6AB87F246AFCAC1FD2954C" box="[306,391,864,889]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.79806" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" unit="in" value="1889.0">1889 in</quantity>
the Rudolphi Collection at the Humboldt University (Berlin) was selected on the basis that it represents the oldest known specimen of this species. However, the proposed
<typeStatus id="549AD4868C6AB87F2156FC481A2095A8" box="[1038,1141,900,925]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
does not represent any of Hermann’s (1783) original specimens and thus does not have taxonomic standing. The “
<typeStatus id="549AD4868C6AB87F21C8FC641AAE95F4" box="[1168,1275,936,961]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
” of Tenora &amp; Murai (1980) could be redesignated as a
<typeStatus id="549AD4868C6AB87F2730FC011C9195D0" box="[616,708,973,997]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
, but it does not originate from the
<typeStatus id="549AD4868C6AB87F2108FC011AD595D0" box="[1104,1152,973,997]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">type</typeStatus>
locality (or local region) for the original series from which
<taxonomicName id="4C2111A78C6AB87F2740FC3D1CEE923C" box="[536,699,1008,1033]" class="Cestoda" family="Anoplocephalidae" genus="Paranoplocephala" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="omphalodes">
<emphasis id="B955B6368C6AB87F2740FC3D1CEE923C" box="[536,699,1008,1033]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">P. omphalodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was described. We suggest that it is appropriate to find or collect new material in the region of the
<typeStatus id="549AD4868C6AB87F277AFBD91C079218" box="[546,594,1045,1069]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">type</typeStatus>
locality (Alsace in northeastern
<collectingCountry id="F3362AB48C6AB87F2697FBD91A4E9219" box="[975,1051,1045,1068]" name="France" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">France</collectingCountry>
at the border with
<collectingCountry id="F3362AB48C6AB87F2058FBD91B3F9218" box="[1280,1386,1045,1069]" name="Germany" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">Germany</collectingCountry>
) for designation of a
<typeStatus id="549AD4868C6AB87F2432FBF51F939264" box="[362,454,1081,1105]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
. Further, because DNA sequences have proven to be crucial for systematics of anoplocephalid cestodes, including the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C2111A78C6AB87F27E4FB901A909240" authority="Haukisalmi et al. 2004" authorityName="Haukisalmi et al." authorityYear="2004" box="[700,1221,1116,1141]" class="Cestoda" family="Anoplocephalidae" genus="Paranoplocephala" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B955B6368C6AB87F27E4FB901DD89240" box="[700,909,1116,1141]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">Paranoplocephala</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB017D58C6AB87F26FAFB901AE89240" author="Haukisalmi" box="[930,1213,1116,1141]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" refString="Haukisalmi, V., Wickstrom, L. M., Henttonen, H., Hantula, J. &amp; Gubanyi, A. (2004) Molecular and morphological evidence for multiple species within Paranoplocephala omphalodes (Cestoda, Anoplocephalidae) in Microtus voles (Arvicolinae). Zoologica Scripta, 33, 277 - 290. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 0300 - 3256.2004.00148. x" type="journal article" year="2004">
Haukisalmi
<emphasis id="B955B6368C6AB87F216CFB911A269240" box="[1076,1139,1116,1141]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">et al.</emphasis>
2004
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, a specimen with published, or archived, sequence data should have priority when selecting a
<typeStatus id="549AD4868C6AB87F26B4FB4D1A1092AC" box="[1004,1093,1153,1177]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
for
<taxonomicName id="4C2111A78C6AB87F212BFB4D1B4092AC" box="[1139,1301,1152,1177]" class="Cestoda" family="Anoplocephalidae" genus="Paranoplocephala" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="omphalodes">
<emphasis id="B955B6368C6AB87F212BFB4D1B4092AC" box="[1139,1301,1152,1177]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">P. omphalodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E6A248C6AB87F259FFB681B5D931D" blockId="10.[151,1437,756,1465]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">
<taxonomicName id="4C2111A78C6AB87F259FFB681FC29288" box="[199,407,1188,1213]" class="Cestoda" family="Anoplocephalidae" genus="Paranoplocephala" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B955B6368C6AB87F259FFB681FC29288" box="[199,407,1188,1213]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">Paranoplocephala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp. (s. s.) are easily distinguished by their large scolex with prominent crateriform suckers directed anteriorly and narrow neck (relative to the scolex width); in these respects they differ from all other species of
<taxonomicName id="4C2111A78C6AB87F2443FB201FB99330" box="[283,492,1260,1285]" class="Cestoda" family="Anoplocephalidae" genus="Paranoplocephala" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B955B6368C6AB87F2443FB201FB99330" box="[283,492,1260,1285]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">Paranoplocephala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(s. l.). Other characteristic features of
<taxonomicName id="4C2111A78C6AB87F2693FB201ACE9330" box="[971,1179,1260,1285]" class="Cestoda" family="Anoplocephalidae" genus="Paranoplocephala" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B955B6368C6AB87F2693FB201ACE9330" box="[971,1179,1260,1285]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">Paranoplocephala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are the short velum, generally wide ventral longitudinal canals and infrequently (and irregularly) alternating genital pores.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E6A248C6AB87F259FFAF81D30938C" blockId="10.[151,1437,756,1465]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">
The exclusive monophyly of
<taxonomicName id="4C2111A78C6AB87F2740FAF91CE89378" box="[536,701,1332,1357]" class="Cestoda" family="Anoplocephalidae" genus="Paranoplocephala" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="omphalodes">
<emphasis id="B955B6368C6AB87F2740FAF91CE89378" box="[536,701,1332,1357]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">P. omphalodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B955B6368C6AB87F2796FAF91DAA9378" box="[718,1023,1332,1357]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">
<taxonomicName id="4C2111A78C6AB87F2796FAF91DDB9378" box="[718,910,1332,1357]" class="Cestoda" family="Anoplocephalidae" genus="Aprostatandrya" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="macrocephala">P. macrocephala</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C2111A78C6AB87F26C4FAF91DAA9378" box="[924,1023,1332,1357]" class="Cestoda" family="Anoplocephalidae" genus="Paranoplocephala" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="batzlii">P. batzlii</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C2111A78C6AB87F2163FAF91AF29378" box="[1083,1191,1332,1357]" class="Cestoda" family="Anoplocephalidae" genus="Paranoplocephala" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="jarrelli">
<emphasis id="B955B6368C6AB87F2163FAF91AF29378" box="[1083,1191,1332,1357]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">P. jarrelli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, suggested earlier by nuclear (28S rDNA, ITS1) sequences (Wickström
<emphasis id="B955B6368C6AB87F2797FA951D5D9344" box="[719,776,1368,1393]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">et al.</emphasis>
2005,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB017D58C6AB87F260EFA941A0F9344" author="Haukisalmi" box="[854,1114,1368,1393]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" refString="Haukisalmi, V., Wickstrom, L. M., Henttonen, H., Hantula, J. &amp; Gubanyi, A. (2004) Molecular and morphological evidence for multiple species within Paranoplocephala omphalodes (Cestoda, Anoplocephalidae) in Microtus voles (Arvicolinae). Zoologica Scripta, 33, 277 - 290. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 0300 - 3256.2004.00148. x" type="journal article" year="2004">
Haukisalmi
<emphasis id="B955B6368C6AB87F2686FA951A429344" box="[990,1047,1368,1393]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">et al.</emphasis>
2004
</bibRefCitation>
), is supported by the present
<emphasis id="B955B6368C6AB87F25CFFAB01E9A93A0" box="[151,207,1404,1429]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">nad1</emphasis>
data and concatenated
<emphasis id="B955B6368C6AB87F2480FAB11C5893A0" box="[472,525,1405,1429]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">cox1</emphasis>
+
<emphasis id="B955B6368C6AB87F2744FAB01C0093A0" box="[540,597,1404,1429]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">nad1</emphasis>
data. There are no molecular data for
<taxonomicName id="4C2111A78C6AB87F2150FAB11A2093A1" box="[1032,1141,1405,1428]" class="Cestoda" family="Anoplocephalidae" genus="Andrya" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="microti">
<emphasis id="B955B6368C6AB87F2150FAB11A2093A1" box="[1032,1141,1405,1428]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">P. microti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B955B6368C6AB87F21DCFAB11AA593A1" box="[1156,1264,1404,1429]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">P. r a us c h i</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C2111A78C6AB87F2074FAB11BC093A1" box="[1324,1429,1405,1428]" class="Cestoda" family="Anoplocephalidae" genus="Paranoplocephala" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="maseri">
<emphasis id="B955B6368C6AB87F2074FAB11BC093A1" box="[1324,1429,1405,1428]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">P. maseri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The sister group of
<taxonomicName id="4C2111A78C6AB87F242AFA6C1C16938C" box="[370,579,1440,1465]" class="Cestoda" family="Anoplocephalidae" genus="Paranoplocephala" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B955B6368C6AB87F242AFA6C1C16938C" box="[370,579,1440,1465]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">Paranoplocephala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(s. s.) remains undefined.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E6A248C6AB87F25CFF9C01DAB907C" blockId="10.[151,1436,1548,1609]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">
<emphasis id="B955B6368C6AB87F25CFF9C01F579010" bold="true" box="[151,258,1548,1573]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">Group 2.</emphasis>
Cestodes with non-protruding suckers and a wide neck (relative to the scolex width), with a proposal for
<taxonomicName id="4C2111A78C6AB87F25CFF9FC1F5F907C" box="[151,266,1584,1609]" class="Cestoda" family="Anoplocephalidae" genus="Gulyaevia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B955B6368C6AB87F25CFF9FC1F5F907C" box="[151,266,1584,1609]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">Gulyaevia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B955B6368C6AB87F2449F9FC1F16907C" bold="true" box="[273,323,1584,1609]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">n. g.</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C2111A78C6AB87F2409F9FC1FBD907C" box="[337,488,1584,1609]" class="Cestoda" family="Anoplocephalidae" genus="Chionocestus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B955B6368C6AB87F2409F9FC1FBD907C" box="[337,488,1584,1609]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">Chionocestus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B955B6368C6AB87F24B7F9FC1C77907C" bold="true" box="[495,546,1584,1609]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">n. g.</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C2111A78C6AB87F2768F9FC1CE1907C" box="[560,692,1584,1609]" class="Cestoda" family="Anoplocephalidae" genus="Microticola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B955B6368C6AB87F2768F9FC1CE1907C" box="[560,692,1584,1609]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">Microticola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B955B6368C6AB87F27E2F9FC1CB8907C" bold="true" box="[698,749,1584,1609]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">n. g.</emphasis>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C2111A78C6AB87F2672F9FD1D91907D" box="[810,964,1585,1608]" class="Cestoda" family="Anoplocephalidae" genus="Beringitaenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B955B6368C6AB87F2672F9FD1D91907D" box="[810,964,1585,1608]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">Beringitaenia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B955B6368C6AB87F2693F9FC1DAB907C" bold="true" box="[971,1022,1584,1609]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">n. g.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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