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<mods:title id="67B32FABF87F461E9CF5926A502BDECB">Taxonomic revision of Paraphasma Redtenbacher, 1906 (Phasmatodea, Pseudophasmatidae) based on phallic and external morphology</mods:title>
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<figureCitation id="13272A39FFEEFFF3FF2AFF01FEE2F6EF" box="[151,279,187,213]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 43" captionStart-1="FIGURE 44" captionStart-2="FIGURE 45" captionStart-3="FIGURE 46" captionStart-4="FIGURE 47" captionStart-5="FIGURE 48" captionStart-6="FIGURE 49" captionStartId-0="60.[151,250,2017,2041]" captionStartId-1="61.[151,250,1961,1985]" captionStartId-2="62.[151,250,1126,1150]" captionStartId-3="63.[151,250,1836,1860]" captionStartId-4="64.[151,250,1901,1925]" captionStartId-5="65.[151,250,993,1017]" captionStartId-6="66.[151,250,1937,1961]" captionTargetBox-0="[163,1424,1065,1994]" captionTargetBox-1="[272,1317,203,1934]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1431,186,1102]" captionTargetBox-3="[154,1432,672,1804]" captionTargetBox-4="[183,1404,183,1873]" captionTargetBox-5="[159,1427,188,968]" captionTargetBox-6="[157,1430,181,1914]" captionTargetId-0="figure-449@60.[163,1424,1065,1994]" captionTargetId-1="figure-43@61.[271,1317,199,1938]" captionTargetId-2="figure-27@62.[151,1435,181,1103]" captionTargetId-3="figure-243@63.[154,1433,669,1813]" captionTargetId-4="figure-27@64.[183,1404,181,1877]" captionTargetId-5="figure-22@65.[157,1431,181,969]" captionTargetId-6="figure-27@66.[157,1430,181,1914]" captionTargetPageId-0="60" captionTargetPageId-1="61" captionTargetPageId-2="62" captionTargetPageId-3="63" captionTargetPageId-4="64" captionTargetPageId-5="65" captionTargetPageId-6="66" captionText-0="FIGURE 43. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), male, holotype of junior synonym Phasma maculatum Gray, 1835" captionText-1="FIGURE 44. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), male, specimen MZUSP 0546. A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. Scale bars = 10 mm." captionText-2="FIGURE 45. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), male terminalia. A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Detail of the subgenital plate and cerci, ventrolateral view. F. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrowhead = lateral projection of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." captionText-3="FIGURE 46. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), illustrations of the phallic organ. A. Dorsal view. B. Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. C. Caudal view. D. Left view. E. Right view. Abbreviations: b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; rbp, right basal pouch; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello (2021: fig 4)." captionText-4="FIGURE 47. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), female. A–D. Specimen MZUSP 0150, habitus in dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views, and anterior region of the body in dorsolateral view (D). E–G. Terminalia, dorsal (E), ventral (F) and lateral (G) views. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; PO, praeopercular organ; SP, subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X. Scale bars = 10 mm, unless otherwise indicated." captionText-5="FIGURE 48. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), egg. Dorsal (A), lateral (B) and anterodorsal (C) views.Abbreviations: Ca, capsule; Op, operculum; MP, micropylar plate. Arrow = median line. Scale bar = 1 mm." captionText-6="FIGURE 49. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), live male from Manaus (Amazonas, Brazil). Habitus (A) and anterior region of the body (B) in dorsolateral view. Images provided by Raphael Heleodoro." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399654" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399658" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399662" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399666" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399668" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399672" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399676" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/6399654/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/6399658/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/6399662/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/6399666/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/6399668/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/6399672/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/6399676/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Figs 43–49</figureCitation>
, 
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[name for the species “Le Double-Epine Brun” of 
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, fig. 27)]; 
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FC45FEA3FB03F70B" author="Redtenbacher, J." box="[1016,1270,281,305]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref47604" refString="Redtenbacher, J. (1906) I. Tribus Bacillini, II. Tribus Obrimini, III. Tribus Pygirhynchini, IV. Tribus Ascepasmini, V. Tribus Anisomorphini, VI. Tribus Phasmini, VII. Tribus Heteropterygini, VIII. Tribus Phyllini. In: Brunner von Wattenwyl, K. &amp; Redtenbacher, J. (Eds.), 1906 - 1908, Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden. Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, pp. 1 - 18, tafel I - VI." type="book chapter" year="1906">Redtenbacher, 1906: 116</bibRefCitation>
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; 
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10ADFFEEFFF3FD60FE82FC4EF76A" author="ICZN" box="[733,955,311,336]" page="283" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" year="1995">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FD60FE82FC4EF76A" author="ICZN" box="[733,955,311,336]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="283 - 285" refId="ref46551" refString="ICZN (1995) Opinion 1820. A. A. H. Lichtenstein's (1796, 1797) Catalogus musei zoologici Sectio tertia. Continens Insecta and D. H. Schneider's (1800) Verzeichniss einer Parthei Insekten: suppressed, with conservation of some Lichtenstein (1796) names (Insecta and Arachnida). Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature, 52, 283 - 285." type="journal article" year="1995">ICZN, 1995: 283–284</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
[the name 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEEFFF3FB97FE82FA68F775" authority="Lichtenstein, 1796" authorityName="Lichtenstein" authorityYear="1796" box="[1066,1437,311,336]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Phasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbretta">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FB97FE82FB29F76A" box="[1066,1244,312,336]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Phasma umbretta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FB5CFE82FA68F775" author="Lichtenstein, A. A. H." box="[1249,1437,311,336]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref47087" refString="Lichtenstein, A. A. H. (1796) Catalogus musei zoologici ditissimi Hamburgi, d III Februar 1796, Auctionis lege distrahendi, Sectio Tertia, Continens Insecta. Gottl. Friedr. Schniebes, Hamburg, 222 pp." type="book" year="1796">Lichtenstein, 1796</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
is available despite having been published in a work suppressed for nomenclatural purposes]; 
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10ADFFEEFFF3FB3FFEECFA8AF754" author="Otte, D. &amp; Brock, P. D." box="[1154,1407,342,366]" page="251" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" year="2005">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FB3FFEECFA8AF754" author="Otte, D. &amp; Brock, P. D." box="[1154,1407,342,366]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref47359" refString="Otte, D. &amp; Brock, P. D. (2005) Phasmida Species File. Catalog of stick and leaf insects of the world. Insect Diversity Association, Philadelphia, 414 pp." type="book" year="2005">Otte &amp; Brock, 2005: 251</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
[= 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEEFFF3FF7AFECFFDBCF7B7" ID-CoL="8PH6N" authority="(Gray, 1835)" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[199,585,373,397]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatum">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FF7AFECFFE4AF7B7" box="[199,447,373,397]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Paraphasma maculatum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FE76FECFFDB4F7B7" author="Gray, G. R." box="[459,577,373,397]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref45958" refString="Gray, G. R. (1835) Synopsis of the species of insects belonging to the family of Phasmidae. Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green, and Longman, London, 48 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8697" type="book" year="1835">Gray, 1835</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
]; 
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10ADFFEEFFF3FDE4FECFFCC5F7B7" author="Conle, O. V. &amp; Hennemann, F. H. &amp; Gutierrez, Y." box="[601,816,373,397]" page="33" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" year="2011">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FDE4FECFFCC5F7B7" author="Conle, O. V. &amp; Hennemann, F. H. &amp; Gutierrez, Y." box="[601,816,373,397]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref44866" refString="Conle, O. V., Hennemann, F. H. &amp; Gutierrez, Y. (2011) The stick insects of Colombia: A catalogue and bibliography with the descriptions of four new genera and 74 new species. Books on Demand, Norderstedt, 406 pp." type="book" year="2011">
Conle 
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FD26FECCFD38F7B7" box="[667,717,373,397]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">et al.</emphasis>
, 2011: 33
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
[= 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEEFFF3FCECFECFFB26F7B7" ID-CoL="8PH6N" authority="(Gray, 1835)" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[849,1235,373,397]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatum">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FCECFECFFBBCF7B7" box="[849,1097,373,397]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Paraphasma maculatum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FBE8FECFFB3EF7B7" author="Gray, G. R." box="[1109,1227,373,397]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref45958" refString="Gray, G. R. (1835) Synopsis of the species of insects belonging to the family of Phasmidae. Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green, and Longman, London, 48 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8697" type="book" year="1835">Gray, 1835</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
]; 
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10ADFFEEFFF3FB5EFECFFF18F791" author="Conle, O. V. &amp; Hennemann, F. H. &amp; Bellanger, Y. &amp; Lelong, P. &amp; Jourdan, T. &amp; Valero, P." page="126" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" year="2020">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FB5EFECFFF18F791" author="Conle, O. V. &amp; Hennemann, F. H. &amp; Bellanger, Y. &amp; Lelong, P. &amp; Jourdan, T. &amp; Valero, P." pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 136" refId="ref44918" refString="Conle, O. V., Hennemann, F. H., Bellanger, Y., Lelong, P., Jourdan, T. &amp; Valero, P. (2020) Studies on neotropical Phasmatodea XX: a new genus and 16 new species from French Guiana. Zootaxa, 4814 (1), 1 - 136. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4814.1.1" type="journal article" year="2020">
Conle 
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FA98FECCFAA2F7B7" box="[1317,1367,373,397]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">et al.</emphasis>
, 2020: 126
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
[= 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEEFFF3FEACFE2EFD63F791" ID-CoL="8PH6N" authority="(Gray, 1835)" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[273,662,403,428]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatum">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FEACFE2EFDFCF796" box="[273,521,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Paraphasma maculatum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FDABFE2EFD78F791" author="Gray, G. R." box="[534,653,403,428]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref45958" refString="Gray, G. R. (1835) Synopsis of the species of insects belonging to the family of Phasmidae. Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green, and Longman, London, 48 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8697" type="book" year="1835">Gray, 1835</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
]. 
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FD1BFE29FC89F791" bold="true" box="[678,892,403,427]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
Unspecified 
<typeStatus id="54A7881EFFEEFFF3FC96FE29FCAAF791" box="[811,863,403,427]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">type</typeStatus>
(s):
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D1AFD35FFEEFFF3FC3EFE2EFC63F791" box="[899,918,404,427]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F30B762CFFEEFFF3FC1FFE2EFBF6F796" box="[930,1027,404,428]" name="Suriname" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Suriname</collectingCountry>
[probably lost].
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFEEFFF3FF2AFE09FAF6F7F0" blockId="59.[151,1437,250,1256]" box="[151,1283,434,458]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0C1192FFEEFFF3FF2AFE09FAF6F7F0" box="[151,1283,434,458]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10ADFFEEFFF3FF2AFE09FDBFF7F0" author="Westwood, J. O." box="[151,586,434,458]" page="147" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" year="1859">
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEEFFF3FF2AFE09FDBFF7F0" authority=", Westwood, 1859: 147" authorityName="Westwood" authorityPageNumber="147" authorityYear="1859" box="[151,586,434,458]" class="Insecta" family="Diapheromeridae" genus="Necroscia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbretta">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FF2AFE09FEABF7F0" box="[151,350,434,458]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Necroscia umbretta</emphasis>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FED7FE08FDBFF7F0" author="Westwood, J. O." box="[362,586,434,458]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref48660" refString="Westwood, J. O. (1859) Catalogue of Orthopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. Part I. Phasmidae. British Museum, London, 195 pp., XL pls." type="book" year="1859">Westwood, 1859: 147</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
; 
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10ADFFEEFFF3FDE9FE08FCA5F7F0" author="Redtenbacher, J." box="[596,848,434,458]" page="116" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" year="1906">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FDE9FE08FCA5F7F0" author="Redtenbacher, J." box="[596,848,434,458]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref47604" refString="Redtenbacher, J. (1906) I. Tribus Bacillini, II. Tribus Obrimini, III. Tribus Pygirhynchini, IV. Tribus Ascepasmini, V. Tribus Anisomorphini, VI. Tribus Phasmini, VII. Tribus Heteropterygini, VIII. Tribus Phyllini. In: Brunner von Wattenwyl, K. &amp; Redtenbacher, J. (Eds.), 1906 - 1908, Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden. Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, pp. 1 - 18, tafel I - VI." type="book chapter" year="1906">Redtenbacher, 1906: 116</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
[= 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEEFFF3FCC9FE08FB0CF7F0" ID-CoL="8PH6N" authority="(Gray, 1835)" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[884,1273,434,458]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatum">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FCC9FE08FB98F7F0" box="[884,1133,434,458]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Paraphasma maculatum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FBC7FE08FB04F7F0" author="Gray, G. R." box="[1146,1265,434,458]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref45958" refString="Gray, G. R. (1835) Synopsis of the species of insects belonging to the family of Phasmidae. Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green, and Longman, London, 48 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8697" type="book" year="1835">Gray, 1835</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
].
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFEEFFF3FF2AFE68FDDEF7D3" blockId="59.[151,1437,250,1256]" box="[151,555,465,489]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0C1192FFEEFFF3FF2AFE68FDDEF7D3" box="[151,555,465,489]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10ADFFEEFFF3FF2AFE68FDD3F7D3" author="Kirby, W. F." box="[151,550,465,489]" page="414" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" year="1904">
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEEFFF3FF2AFE68FDD3F7D3" ID-CoL="8PHZM" authority=", Kirby, 1904 a: 414" authorityName="Kirby" authorityPageNumber="414" authorityYear="1904" box="[151,550,465,489]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Prexaspes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbretta">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FF2AFE68FE95F7D3" box="[151,352,465,489]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Prexaspes umbretta</emphasis>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FED1FE6BFDD3F7D3" author="Kirby, W. F." box="[364,550,465,489]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref46828" refString="Kirby, W. F. (1904 a) A synonymic catalogue of Orthoptera. Vol. I. Orthoptera Euplexoptera, Cursoria, et Gressoria. (Forficulidae, Hemimeridae, Blattidae, Mantidae, Phasmidae). Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 501 pp." type="book" year="1904">Kirby, 1904a: 414</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFEEFFF3FF2AFE4AFC1DF432" blockId="59.[151,1437,250,1256]" box="[151,1000,496,520]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEEFFF3FF2AFE4AFDC8F432" ID-CoL="8QRK9" authority=", Brock et al., 2022" authorityName="Brock" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,573,496,520]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbretta">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FF2AFE4AFE8FF432" box="[151,378,496,520]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Paraphasma umbretta</emphasis>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FE3BFE4AFDC8F432" author="Brock, P. D. &amp; Buscher, T. &amp; Baker, E." box="[390,573,496,520]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref44114" refString="Brock, P. D., Buscher, T. &amp; Baker, E. (2022) Phasmida Species File Online, version 5.0 / 5.0. Available from: http: // phasmida. speciesfile. org / (accessed 15 January 2022)" type="url" year="2022">
Brock 
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FE77FE4AFE0BF432" box="[458,510,496,520]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">et al.</emphasis>
, 2022
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
[database Phasmida Species File Online].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFEEFFF3FF2AFDB4FA6FF4B8" blockId="59.[151,1437,250,1256]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0C1192FFEEFFF3FF2AFDB4FA6FF4B8" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEEFFF3FF2AFDB4FE2FF41C" authority="Stoll, 1813: 77" authorityName="Stoll" authorityPageNumber="77" authorityYear="1813" box="[151,474,526,550]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Phasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="linearis">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FF2AFDB4FEC8F41C" box="[151,317,526,550]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Phasma linearis</emphasis>
Stoll, 1813: 77
</taxonomicName>
[name for the species “Le Double-Epine Brun” of 
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10ADFFEEFFF3FC59FDB4FB75F41C" author="Stoll, C. &amp; Qui se trouvent dans les quatre parties du monde, L'Europe" box="[996,1152,526,550]" page="24" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" year="1787">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FC59FDB4FB75F41C" author="Stoll, C. &amp; Qui se trouvent dans les quatre parties du monde, L'Europe" box="[996,1152,526,550]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref48230" refString="Stoll, C. (1787 - 1813) Representation exactement coloree d'apres nature des spectres, des mantes, des sauterelles, des grillons, des criquets et des blattes. Qui se trouvent dans les quatre parties du monde, L'Europe, L'Asie, L'Afrique et L'Amerique; rassemblees et decrites. Chez J. C. Sepp., Amsterdam, 79 pp., XXV pls. [This work was published in two parts: the first (pp. 1 - 56, pls. I - XVIII) in 1787 and the second posthumously in 1813. Only the second part includes Latinized names, for the species described in both parts.]" type="book" year="1787">Stoll (1787: 24</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 27)]; 
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10ADFFEEFFF3FB56FDB4FF18F47F" author="Westwood, J. O." page="147" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" year="1859">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FB56FDB4FF18F47F" author="Westwood, J. O." pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref48660" refString="Westwood, J. O. (1859) Catalogue of Orthopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. Part I. Phasmidae. British Museum, London, 195 pp., XL pls." type="book" year="1859">Westwood, 1859: 147</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
[= 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEEFFF3FEA9FD94FD9EF47F" authority="(Gray, 1835)" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[276,619,557,581]" class="Insecta" family="Diapheromeridae" genus="Necroscia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbretta">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FEA9FD94FE29F47F" box="[276,476,557,581]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Necroscia umbretta</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FE56FD97FD96F47F" author="Gray, G. R." box="[491,611,557,581]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref45958" refString="Gray, G. R. (1835) Synopsis of the species of insects belonging to the family of Phasmidae. Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green, and Longman, London, 48 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8697" type="book" year="1835">Gray, 1835</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
]; 
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10ADFFEEFFF3FDC3FD97FCCDF47F" author="Kirby, W. F." box="[638,824,557,581]" page="415" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" year="1904">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FDC3FD97FCCDF47F" author="Kirby, W. F." box="[638,824,557,581]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref46828" refString="Kirby, W. F. (1904 a) A synonymic catalogue of Orthoptera. Vol. I. Orthoptera Euplexoptera, Cursoria, et Gressoria. (Forficulidae, Hemimeridae, Blattidae, Mantidae, Phasmidae). Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 501 pp." type="book" year="1904">Kirby, 1904a: 415</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
[= 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEEFFF3FCE2FD94FB4DF47F" ID-CoL="8PHZM" authority="(Gray, 1835)" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[863,1208,557,581]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Prexaspes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbretta">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FCE2FD94FBDCF47F" box="[863,1065,557,581]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Prexaspes umbretta</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FB8AFD97FB45F47F" author="Gray, G. R." box="[1079,1200,557,581]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref45958" refString="Gray, G. R. (1835) Synopsis of the species of insects belonging to the family of Phasmidae. Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green, and Longman, London, 48 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8697" type="book" year="1835">Gray, 1835</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
]; 
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10ADFFEEFFF3FB77FD97FF19F459" author="Redtenbacher, J." page="116" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" year="1906">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FB77FD97FF19F459" author="Redtenbacher, J." pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref47604" refString="Redtenbacher, J. (1906) I. Tribus Bacillini, II. Tribus Obrimini, III. Tribus Pygirhynchini, IV. Tribus Ascepasmini, V. Tribus Anisomorphini, VI. Tribus Phasmini, VII. Tribus Heteropterygini, VIII. Tribus Phyllini. In: Brunner von Wattenwyl, K. &amp; Redtenbacher, J. (Eds.), 1906 - 1908, Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden. Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, pp. 1 - 18, tafel I - VI." type="book chapter" year="1906">Redtenbacher, 1906: 116</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
[= 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEEFFF3FEB0FDF6FD7AF459" ID-CoL="8PH6N" authority="(Gray, 1835)" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[269,655,587,612]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatum">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FEB0FDF6FDF0F45E" box="[269,517,588,612]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Paraphasma maculatum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FDACFDF6FD72F459" author="Gray, G. R." box="[529,647,587,612]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref45958" refString="Gray, G. R. (1835) Synopsis of the species of insects belonging to the family of Phasmidae. Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green, and Longman, London, 48 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8697" type="book" year="1835">Gray, 1835</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
]; 
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10ADFFEEFFF3FD23FDF6FC63F459" author="Otte, D. &amp; Brock, P. D." box="[670,918,587,612]" page="251" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" year="2005">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FD23FDF6FC63F459" author="Otte, D. &amp; Brock, P. D." box="[670,918,587,612]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref47359" refString="Otte, D. &amp; Brock, P. D. (2005) Phasmida Species File. Catalog of stick and leaf insects of the world. Insect Diversity Association, Philadelphia, 414 pp." type="book" year="2005">Otte &amp; Brock, 2005: 251</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
[= 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEEFFF3FC0AFDF6FACDF459" ID-CoL="8PH6N" authority="(Gray, 1835)" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[951,1336,587,612]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatum">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FC0AFDF6FB5AF45E" box="[951,1199,588,612]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Paraphasma maculatum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FB06FDF6FAC4F459" author="Gray, G. R." box="[1211,1329,587,612]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref45958" refString="Gray, G. R. (1835) Synopsis of the species of insects belonging to the family of Phasmidae. Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green, and Longman, London, 48 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8697" type="book" year="1835">Gray, 1835</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
]; 
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10ADFFEEFFF3FAF5FDF6FEB3F4B8" author="Conle, O. V. &amp; Hennemann, F. H. &amp; Gutierrez, Y." page="33" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" year="2011">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FAF5FDF6FEB3F4B8" author="Conle, O. V. &amp; Hennemann, F. H. &amp; Gutierrez, Y." pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref44866" refString="Conle, O. V., Hennemann, F. H. &amp; Gutierrez, Y. (2011) The stick insects of Colombia: A catalogue and bibliography with the descriptions of four new genera and 74 new species. Books on Demand, Norderstedt, 406 pp." type="book" year="2011">
Conle 
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FA37FDF6FF17F4B8" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">et al.</emphasis>
, 2011: 33
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
[= 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEEFFF3FED7FDD0FD1AF4B8" ID-CoL="8PH6N" authority="(Gray, 1835)" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[362,751,618,642]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatum">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FED7FDD0FD96F4B8" box="[362,611,618,642]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Paraphasma maculatum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FDD2FDD0FD12F4B8" author="Gray, G. R." box="[623,743,618,642]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref45958" refString="Gray, G. R. (1835) Synopsis of the species of insects belonging to the family of Phasmidae. Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green, and Longman, London, 48 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8697" type="book" year="1835">Gray, 1835</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
]; 
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10ADFFEEFFF3FD42FDD0FC1DF4B8" author="Conle, O. V. &amp; Hennemann, F. H. &amp; Bellanger, Y. &amp; Lelong, P. &amp; Jourdan, T. &amp; Valero, P." box="[767,1000,618,642]" page="126" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" year="2020">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FD42FDD0FC1DF4B8" author="Conle, O. V. &amp; Hennemann, F. H. &amp; Bellanger, Y. &amp; Lelong, P. &amp; Jourdan, T. &amp; Valero, P." box="[767,1000,618,642]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 136" refId="ref44918" refString="Conle, O. V., Hennemann, F. H., Bellanger, Y., Lelong, P., Jourdan, T. &amp; Valero, P. (2020) Studies on neotropical Phasmatodea XX: a new genus and 16 new species from French Guiana. Zootaxa, 4814 (1), 1 - 136. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4814.1.1" type="journal article" year="2020">
Conle 
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FCFFFDD1FC83F4B8" box="[834,886,618,642]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">et al.</emphasis>
, 2020: 126
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
[= 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEEFFF3FBB6FDD0FA65F4B8" ID-CoL="8PH6N" authority="(Gray, 1835)" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[1035,1424,618,642]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatum">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FBB6FDD0FAF1F4B8" box="[1035,1284,618,642]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Paraphasma maculatum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FAACFDD0FA7DF4B8" author="Gray, G. R." box="[1297,1416,618,642]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref45958" refString="Gray, G. R. (1835) Synopsis of the species of insects belonging to the family of Phasmidae. Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green, and Longman, London, 48 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8697" type="book" year="1835">Gray, 1835</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
].
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFEEFFF3FF2AFD33FD4FF49B" blockId="59.[151,1437,250,1256]" box="[151,698,649,673]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0C1192FFEEFFF3FF2AFD33FD4FF49B" box="[151,698,649,673]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10ADFFEEFFF3FF2AFD33FE29F49B" author="Gray, G. R." box="[151,476,649,673]" page="26" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" year="1835">
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEEFFF3FF2AFD33FE29F49B" authority=", Gray, 1835: 26" authorityName="Gray" authorityPageNumber="26" authorityYear="1835" box="[151,476,649,673]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Phasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lineare">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FF2AFD33FEC3F49B" box="[151,310,649,673]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Phasma lineare</emphasis>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FEFEFD33FE29F49B" author="Gray, G. R." box="[323,476,649,673]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref45958" refString="Gray, G. R. (1835) Synopsis of the species of insects belonging to the family of Phasmidae. Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green, and Longman, London, 48 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8697" type="book" year="1835">Gray, 1835: 26</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
; 
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10ADFFEEFFF3FE5AFD33FD43F49B" author="De Haan, W." box="[487,694,649,673]" page="123" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" year="1842">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FE5AFD33FD43F49B" author="De Haan, W." box="[487,694,649,673]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="45 - 243" refId="ref45232" refString="De Haan, W. (1842) Bijdragen tot de Kennis der Orthoptera. In: Temminck, C. J. (Ed.), Verhandelingen over de natuurlijke geschiedenis der Nederlandsche overzeesche bezittingen. V. 3. In Commissie Bij S. En J. Luchtmans En C. C. Van Der Hoek, Leiden, pp. 45 - 243." type="book chapter" year="1842">De Haan, 1842: 123</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFEEFFF3FF2AFD12FBB5F4FA" blockId="59.[151,1437,250,1256]" box="[151,1088,680,704]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
[Non 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEEFFF3FF6FFD12FDE7F4FA" authority="Fabricius, 1787" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1787" box="[210,530,680,704]" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Mantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="linearis">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FF6FFD12FE9EF4FA" box="[210,363,680,704]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Mantis linearis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FECFFD12FDE7F4FA" author="Fabricius, J. C." box="[370,530,680,704]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref45423" refString="Fabricius, J. C. (1787) Mantissa insectorum sistens eorum species nuper detectas adiectis characteribus genericis, differentiis specificis, emendationibus, observationibus. Tom. I. Christian Gottlob Proft, Copenhagen, 348 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11657" type="book" year="1787">Fabricius, 1787</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, valid name: 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEEFFF3FD27FD12FBCFF4FA" authority="(Lichtenstein, 1802)" baseAuthorityName="Lichtenstein" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[666,1082,680,704]" class="Insecta" family="Diapheromeridae" genus="Necroscia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manicata">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FD27FD12FC91F485" box="[666,868,680,703]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Necroscia manicata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FCCCFD12FBC6F4FA" author="Lichtenstein, A. A. H." box="[881,1075,680,704]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 39" refId="ref47130" refString="Lichtenstein, A. A. H. (1802) A dissertation on two natural genera hitherto confounded under the name of Mantis. Transactions of the Linnean Society, 6, 1 - 39, pls. I - II. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1802. tb 00466. x" type="journal article" year="1802">Lichtenstein, 1802</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
]
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFEEFFF3FF2AFD7CFD90F501" blockId="59.[151,1437,250,1256]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEEFFF3FF2AFD7CFDD5F4E4" authority="Stoll, 1813: 62" authorityName="Stoll" authorityPageNumber="62" authorityYear="1813" box="[151,544,710,734]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Phasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acanthophora">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FF2AFD7CFE8BF4E4" box="[151,382,710,734]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Phasma acanthophora</emphasis>
Stoll, 1813: 62
</taxonomicName>
, 77, fig. 78 [“Le Spectre Moucheté”, named 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEEFFF3FC50FD7CFB21F4E4" authorityName="Stoll" authorityYear="1813" box="[1005,1236,710,734]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Phasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acanthophora">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FC50FD7CFB21F4E4" box="[1005,1236,710,734]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Phasma acanthophora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the appendix (p. 77)]; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FF43FD5FFE02F4C7" author="Otte, D. &amp; Brock, P. D." box="[254,503,741,765]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref47359" refString="Otte, D. &amp; Brock, P. D. (2005) Phasmida Species File. Catalog of stick and leaf insects of the world. Insect Diversity Association, Philadelphia, 414 pp." type="book" year="2005">Otte &amp; Brock, 2005: 251</bibRefCitation>
[= 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEEFFF3FDA4FD5FFC6EF4C7" ID-CoL="8PH6N" authority="(Gray, 1835)" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[537,923,741,765]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatum">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FDA4FD5FFCE4F4C7" box="[537,785,741,765]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Paraphasma maculatum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FCA0FD5FFC66F4C7" author="Gray, G. R." box="[797,915,741,765]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref45958" refString="Gray, G. R. (1835) Synopsis of the species of insects belonging to the family of Phasmidae. Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green, and Longman, London, 48 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8697" type="book" year="1835">Gray, 1835</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
]; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FC11FD5FFB76F4C7" author="Conle, O. V. &amp; Hennemann, F. H. &amp; Gutierrez, Y." box="[940,1155,741,765]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref44866" refString="Conle, O. V., Hennemann, F. H. &amp; Gutierrez, Y. (2011) The stick insects of Colombia: A catalogue and bibliography with the descriptions of four new genera and 74 new species. Books on Demand, Norderstedt, 406 pp." type="book" year="2011">
Conle 
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FC53FD5CFBD5F4C7" box="[1006,1056,741,765]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">et al.</emphasis>
, 2011: 33
</bibRefCitation>
[= 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEEFFF3FB18FD5FFEBBF521" ID-CoL="8PH6N" authority="(Gray, 1835)" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1835" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatum">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FB18FD5FFA68F4C7" box="[1189,1437,741,765]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Paraphasma maculatum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FF73FCBEFEB3F521" author="Gray, G. R." box="[206,326,771,796]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref45958" refString="Gray, G. R. (1835) Synopsis of the species of insects belonging to the family of Phasmidae. Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green, and Longman, London, 48 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8697" type="book" year="1835">Gray, 1835</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
]; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FEDDFCBEFDB8F521" author="Conle, O. V. &amp; Hennemann, F. H. &amp; Bellanger, Y. &amp; Lelong, P. &amp; Jourdan, T. &amp; Valero, P." box="[352,589,771,796]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 136" refId="ref44918" refString="Conle, O. V., Hennemann, F. H., Bellanger, Y., Lelong, P., Jourdan, T. &amp; Valero, P. (2020) Studies on neotropical Phasmatodea XX: a new genus and 16 new species from French Guiana. Zootaxa, 4814 (1), 1 - 136. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4814.1.1" type="journal article" year="2020">
Conle 
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FE19FCBEFE2CF526" box="[420,473,772,796]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">et al.</emphasis>
, 2020: 126
</bibRefCitation>
[= 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEEFFF3FDCEFCBEFC0EF521" ID-CoL="8PH6N" authority="(Gray, 1835)" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[627,1019,771,796]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatum">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FDCEFCBEFC98F526" box="[627,877,772,796]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Paraphasma maculatum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FCC6FCBEFC06F521" author="Gray, G. R." box="[891,1011,771,796]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref45958" refString="Gray, G. R. (1835) Synopsis of the species of insects belonging to the family of Phasmidae. Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green, and Longman, London, 48 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8697" type="book" year="1835">Gray, 1835</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
]. 
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FBB1FCB9FB11F521" bold="true" box="[1036,1252,771,795]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
Unspecified 
<typeStatus id="54A7881EFFEEFFF3FB2FFCB9FB33F521" box="[1170,1222,771,795]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">type</typeStatus>
(s):
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D1AFD35FFEEFFF3FB56FCBEFB0BF521" box="[1259,1278,772,795]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F30B762CFFEEFFF3FAB6FCBEFA69F526" box="[1291,1436,772,796]" name="Ambon Island" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Ambon Island</collectingCountry>
[probably lost; locality probably wrong].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFEEFFF3FF2AFCFBFC0CF5AC" blockId="59.[151,1437,250,1256]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0C1192FFEEFFF3FF2AFCFBFC0CF5AC" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10ADFFEEFFF3FF2AFCFBFDD9F563" author="Gray, G. R." box="[151,556,833,857]" page="23" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" year="1835">
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEEFFF3FF2AFCFBFDD9F563" authority=", Gray, 1835: 23" authorityName=", Gray" authorityPageNumber="23" authorityYear="1835" box="[151,556,833,857]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Phasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acanthopterum">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FF2AFCFBFE7DF563" box="[151,392,833,857]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Phasma acanthopterum</emphasis>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FE28FCFBFDD9F563" author="Gray, G. R." box="[405,556,833,857]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref45958" refString="Gray, G. R. (1835) Synopsis of the species of insects belonging to the family of Phasmidae. Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green, and Longman, London, 48 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8697" type="book" year="1835">Gray, 1835: 23</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
[misspelling of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEEFFF3FD6CFCFBFBD8F563" authority="Stoll, 1813" authorityName="Stoll" authorityYear="1813" box="[721,1069,833,857]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Phasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acanthophora">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FD6CFCFBFC42F563" box="[721,951,833,857]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Phasma acanthophora</emphasis>
Stoll, 1813
</taxonomicName>
reproduced by subsequent authors]; 
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10ADFFEEFFF3FF7AFCDAFE5EF54D" author="Burmeister, H." box="[199,427,863,888]" page="586" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" year="1838">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FF7AFCDAFE5EF54D" author="Burmeister, H." box="[199,427,863,888]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="397 - 756" refId="ref44222" refString="Burmeister, H. (1838) Handbuch der Entomologie. Zweiter Band. Theod. Chr. Friedr. Enslin., Berlin, pp. 397 - 756." type="book chapter" year="1838">Burmeister, 1838: 586</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; 
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10ADFFEEFFF3FE09FCDAFD5CF54D" author="Serville, J. G. A." box="[436,681,863,888]" page="268" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" year="1839">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FE09FCDAFD5CF54D" author="Serville, J. G. A." box="[436,681,863,888]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref47965" refString="Serville, J. G. A. (1839) Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Orthopteres. Librairie Encyclopedique de Roret, Paris, 776 pp." type="book" year="1839">Serville, 1839: 268–269</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; 
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10ADFFEEFFF3FD0EFCDAFC8AF542" author="De Haan, W." box="[691,895,864,888]" page="123" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" year="1842">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FD0EFCDAFC8AF542" author="De Haan, W." box="[691,895,864,888]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="45 - 243" refId="ref45232" refString="De Haan, W. (1842) Bijdragen tot de Kennis der Orthoptera. In: Temminck, C. J. (Ed.), Verhandelingen over de natuurlijke geschiedenis der Nederlandsche overzeesche bezittingen. V. 3. In Commissie Bij S. En J. Luchtmans En C. C. Van Der Hoek, Leiden, pp. 45 - 243." type="book chapter" year="1842">De Haan, 1842: 123</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; 
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10ADFFEEFFF3FC34FCDAFB76F54D" author="Redtenbacher, J." box="[905,1155,863,888]" page="116" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" year="1906">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FC34FCDAFB76F54D" author="Redtenbacher, J." box="[905,1155,863,888]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref47604" refString="Redtenbacher, J. (1906) I. Tribus Bacillini, II. Tribus Obrimini, III. Tribus Pygirhynchini, IV. Tribus Ascepasmini, V. Tribus Anisomorphini, VI. Tribus Phasmini, VII. Tribus Heteropterygini, VIII. Tribus Phyllini. In: Brunner von Wattenwyl, K. &amp; Redtenbacher, J. (Eds.), 1906 - 1908, Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden. Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, pp. 1 - 18, tafel I - VI." type="book chapter" year="1906">Redtenbacher, 1906: 116</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
[= 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEEFFF3FB18FCDAFEB8F5AC" ID-CoL="8PH6N" authority="(Gray, 1835)" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1835" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatum">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FB18FCDAFA68F542" box="[1189,1437,864,888]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Paraphasma maculatum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FF73FCC4FEB0F5AC" author="Gray, G. R." box="[206,325,894,918]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref45958" refString="Gray, G. R. (1835) Synopsis of the species of insects belonging to the family of Phasmidae. Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green, and Longman, London, 48 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8697" type="book" year="1835">Gray, 1835</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FEE3FCC4FDB3F5AC" author="Conle, O. V. &amp; Hennemann, F. H. &amp; Bellanger, Y. &amp; Lelong, P. &amp; Jourdan, T. &amp; Valero, P." box="[350,582,894,918]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 136" refId="ref44918" refString="Conle, O. V., Hennemann, F. H., Bellanger, Y., Lelong, P., Jourdan, T. &amp; Valero, P. (2020) Studies on neotropical Phasmatodea XX: a new genus and 16 new species from French Guiana. Zootaxa, 4814 (1), 1 - 136. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4814.1.1" type="journal article" year="2020">
Conle 
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FE1CFCC5FE21F5AC" box="[417,468,894,918]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">et al.</emphasis>
, 2020: 126
</bibRefCitation>
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[= 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEEFFF3FDD7FCC4FC1AF5AC" ID-CoL="8PH6N" authority="(Gray, 1835)" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[618,1007,894,918]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatum">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FDD7FCC4FC96F5AC" box="[618,867,894,918]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Paraphasma maculatum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FCCDFCC4FC12F5AC" author="Gray, G. R." box="[880,999,894,918]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref45958" refString="Gray, G. R. (1835) Synopsis of the species of insects belonging to the family of Phasmidae. Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green, and Longman, London, 48 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8697" type="book" year="1835">Gray, 1835</bibRefCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEEFFF3FF2AFC24FD82F58F" authority=", Westwood, 1859: 147" authorityName="Westwood" authorityPageNumber="147" authorityYear="1859" box="[151,631,925,949]" class="Insecta" family="Diapheromeridae" genus="Necroscia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acanthoptera">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FF2AFC24FE7FF58F" box="[151,394,925,949]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Necroscia acanthoptera</emphasis>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FE2AFC27FD82F58F" author="Westwood, J. O." box="[407,631,925,949]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref48660" refString="Westwood, J. O. (1859) Catalogue of Orthopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. Part I. Phasmidae. British Museum, London, 195 pp., XL pls." type="book" year="1859">Westwood, 1859: 147</bibRefCitation>
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<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10ADFFEEFFF3FD3CFC27FC88F58F" author="Redtenbacher, J." box="[641,893,925,949]" page="116" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" year="1906">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FD3CFC27FC88F58F" author="Redtenbacher, J." box="[641,893,925,949]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref47604" refString="Redtenbacher, J. (1906) I. Tribus Bacillini, II. Tribus Obrimini, III. Tribus Pygirhynchini, IV. Tribus Ascepasmini, V. Tribus Anisomorphini, VI. Tribus Phasmini, VII. Tribus Heteropterygini, VIII. Tribus Phyllini. In: Brunner von Wattenwyl, K. &amp; Redtenbacher, J. (Eds.), 1906 - 1908, Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden. Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, pp. 1 - 18, tafel I - VI." type="book chapter" year="1906">Redtenbacher, 1906: 116</bibRefCitation>
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[= 
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<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FC1DFC27FB6CF58F" box="[928,1177,925,949]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Paraphasma maculatum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FB1BFC27FAE8F58F" author="Gray, G. R." box="[1190,1309,925,949]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref45958" refString="Gray, G. R. (1835) Synopsis of the species of insects belonging to the family of Phasmidae. Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green, and Longman, London, 48 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8697" type="book" year="1835">Gray, 1835</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FF2AFC06FE3EF5EE" box="[151,459,956,980]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Trigonophasma acanthophora</emphasis>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FE6AFC06FD67F5EE" author="Kirby, W. F." box="[471,658,956,980]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref46828" refString="Kirby, W. F. (1904 a) A synonymic catalogue of Orthoptera. Vol. I. Orthoptera Euplexoptera, Cursoria, et Gressoria. (Forficulidae, Hemimeridae, Blattidae, Mantidae, Phasmidae). Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 501 pp." type="book" year="1904">Kirby, 1904a: 373</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFEEFFF3FF2AFC60FD3BF22B" blockId="59.[151,1437,250,1256]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FF2AFC60FEABF5C8" box="[151,350,986,1010]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Phasma maculatum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FEDFFC60FE0DF5C8" author="Gray, G. R." box="[354,504,986,1010]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref45958" refString="Gray, G. R. (1835) Synopsis of the species of insects belonging to the family of Phasmidae. Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green, and Longman, London, 48 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8697" type="book" year="1835">Gray, 1835: 26</bibRefCitation>
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; 
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10ADFFEEFFF3FDBCFC60FD34F5C8" author="Serville, J. G. A." box="[513,705,986,1010]" page="269" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" year="1839">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FDBCFC60FD34F5C8" author="Serville, J. G. A." box="[513,705,986,1010]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref47965" refString="Serville, J. G. A. (1839) Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Orthopteres. Librairie Encyclopedique de Roret, Paris, 776 pp." type="book" year="1839">Serville, 1839: 269</bibRefCitation>
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<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10ADFFEEFFF3FD77FC61FC66F5C8" author="De Haan, W." box="[714,915,986,1010]" page="123" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" year="1842">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FD77FC61FC66F5C8" author="De Haan, W." box="[714,915,986,1010]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="45 - 243" refId="ref45232" refString="De Haan, W. (1842) Bijdragen tot de Kennis der Orthoptera. In: Temminck, C. J. (Ed.), Verhandelingen over de natuurlijke geschiedenis der Nederlandsche overzeesche bezittingen. V. 3. In Commissie Bij S. En J. Luchtmans En C. C. Van Der Hoek, Leiden, pp. 45 - 243." type="book chapter" year="1842">De Haan, 1842: 123</bibRefCitation>
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; 
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10ADFFEEFFF3FC26FC60FB82F5C8" author="Westwood, J. O." box="[923,1143,986,1010]" page="122" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" year="1859">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FC26FC60FB82F5C8" author="Westwood, J. O." box="[923,1143,986,1010]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref48660" refString="Westwood, J. O. (1859) Catalogue of Orthopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. Part I. Phasmidae. British Museum, London, 195 pp., XL pls." type="book" year="1859">Westwood, 1859: 122</bibRefCitation>
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; 
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10ADFFEEFFF3FBC2FC61FADFF5C8" author="Bates, H. W." box="[1151,1322,986,1010]" page="350" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" year="1865">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FBC2FC61FADFF5C8" author="Bates, H. W." box="[1151,1322,986,1010]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="321 - 359" refId="ref43498" refString="Bates, H. W. (1865) Descriptions of fifty-two new species of Phasmidae from the collection of Mr. W. Wilson Saunders, with remarks on the family. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, 25, 321 - 359. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1865. tb 00187. x" type="journal article" year="1865">Bates, 1865: 350</bibRefCitation>
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. 
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FA8CFC60FA68F5C8" bold="true" box="[1329,1437,986,1010]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<typeStatus id="54A7881EFFEEFFF3FA8CFC60FA62F5C8" box="[1329,1431,986,1010]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D1AFD35FFEEFFF3FF7AFC43FF29F22A" box="[199,220,1017,1040]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F30B762CFFEEFFF3FF5AFC43FED2F22B" box="[231,295,1017,1041]" name="Brazil" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, “Amazon” (NHM 012502909) (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFEEFFF3FDCBFC43FD36F22B" box="[630,707,1017,1041]" captionStart="FIGURE 43" captionStartId="60.[151,250,2017,2041]" captionTargetBox="[163,1424,1065,1994]" captionTargetId="figure-449@60.[163,1424,1065,1994]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURE 43. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), male, holotype of junior synonym Phasma maculatum Gray, 1835" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399654" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399654/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Fig. 43</figureCitation>
).
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<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFEEFFF3FF2AFBA2FDCDF20A" blockId="59.[151,1437,250,1256]" box="[151,568,1048,1072]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FF2AFBA2FE98F20A" box="[151,365,1048,1072]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Prexaspes maculatus</emphasis>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FEC4FBA2FDC1F20A" author="Kirby, W. F." box="[377,564,1048,1072]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref46828" refString="Kirby, W. F. (1904 a) A synonymic catalogue of Orthoptera. Vol. I. Orthoptera Euplexoptera, Cursoria, et Gressoria. (Forficulidae, Hemimeridae, Blattidae, Mantidae, Phasmidae). Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 501 pp." type="book" year="1904">Kirby, 1904a: 414</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFEEFFF3FF2AFB8CFC70F2B1" blockId="59.[151,1437,250,1256]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FF2AFB8CFE67F274" box="[151,402,1078,1102]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Paraphasma maculatum</emphasis>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FE22FB8CFD54F274" author="Redtenbacher, J." box="[415,673,1078,1102]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref47604" refString="Redtenbacher, J. (1906) I. Tribus Bacillini, II. Tribus Obrimini, III. Tribus Pygirhynchini, IV. Tribus Ascepasmini, V. Tribus Anisomorphini, VI. Tribus Phasmini, VII. Tribus Heteropterygini, VIII. Tribus Phyllini. In: Brunner von Wattenwyl, K. &amp; Redtenbacher, J. (Eds.), 1906 - 1908, Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden. Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, pp. 1 - 18, tafel I - VI." type="book chapter" year="1906">Redtenbacher, 1906: 116</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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, pl. IV, fig. 17; 
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10ADFFEEFFF3FCFAFB8CFBDBF274" author="Handlirsch, A." box="[839,1070,1078,1102]" page="760" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" year="1930">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FCFAFB8CFBDBF274" author="Handlirsch, A." box="[839,1070,1078,1102]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref46087" refString="Handlirsch, A. (1930) Ordnung der Pterygogonea: Phasmida (Gespenst- oder Stabheuschrecken). In: Kukenthal, W. &amp; Krumbach, T. (Eds.), Handbuch der Zoologie. Vol. 4. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin &amp; Leipzig, pp. 751 - 765." type="book" year="1930">Handlirsch, 1930: 760</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 804; 
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10ADFFEEFFF3FB27FB8DFA90F274" author="Zompro, O." box="[1178,1381,1078,1102]" page="159" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" year="2004">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FB27FB8DFA90F274" author="Zompro, O." box="[1178,1381,1078,1102]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 327" refId="ref48943" refString="Zompro, O. (2004) Revision of the genera of the Areolatae, including the status of Timema and Agathemera (Insecta, Phasmatodea). Abhandlungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins in Hamburg, Neue Folge, 37, 1 - 327." type="journal article" year="2004">Zompro, 2004: 159</bibRefCitation>
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; 
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10ADFFEEFFF3FACCFB8CFE6CF257" author="Otte, D. &amp; Brock, P. D." page="251" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" year="2005">
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; 
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10ADFFEEFFF3FE18FBEFFD7DF257" author="Conle, O. V. &amp; Hennemann, F. H. &amp; Gutierrez, Y." box="[421,648,1109,1133]" page="33" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" year="2011">
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Conle 
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FE54FBECFDEBF257" box="[489,542,1109,1133]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">et al.</emphasis>
, 2011: 33
</bibRefCitation>
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; 
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10ADFFEEFFF3FD29FBEFFC73F257" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5097670" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5097670" author="Brock, P. D. &amp; Marshall, J. A. &amp; Beccaloni, G. W. &amp; Harman, A. J. E." box="[660,902,1109,1133]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DB772BFFBEFFB5FF47FD7FFC2CFCF2" page="181" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" year="2016">
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Brock 
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FD67FBECFCFBF257" box="[730,782,1109,1133]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">et al.</emphasis>
, 2016: 181
</bibRefCitation>
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; 
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10ADFFEEFFF3FC2FFBEFFB83F257" author="Conle, O. V. &amp; Hennemann, F. H. &amp; Bellanger, Y. &amp; Lelong, P. &amp; Jourdan, T. &amp; Valero, P." box="[914,1142,1109,1133]" page="70" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" year="2020">
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Conle 
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FC6BFBECFBFEF257" box="[982,1035,1109,1133]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">et al.</emphasis>
, 2020: 70
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 126; 
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10ADFFEEFFF3FB0BFBEFFE88F2B6" author="Chiquetto-Machado, P. I. &amp; Cancello, E. M." page="4" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" year="2021">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FB0BFBEFFE88F2B6" author="Chiquetto-Machado, P. I. &amp; Cancello, E. M." pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="158 - 198" refId="ref44573" refString="Chiquetto-Machado, P. I. &amp; Cancello, E. M. (2021) Cladistic analysis of Paraphasma (Phasmatodea: Pseudophasmatidae) highlights the importance of the phallic organ for phasmid systematics. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 193, 158 - 198. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / zoolinnean / zlab 004" type="journal article" year="2021">Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello, 2021: 4</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 26, figs 4, 15B, 16B, 17A, 19A, 23B, 24B, 25, 26.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFEEFFF3FF2AFB29FC97F2F3" blockId="59.[151,1437,250,1256]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0C1192FFEEFFF3FF2AFB29FC97F2F3" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10ADFFEEFFF3FF2AFB29FE00F290" author="Kirby, W. F." box="[151,501,1170,1194]" page="415" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" year="1904">
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEEFFF3FF2AFB29FE00F290" ID-CoL="8PHZ9" authority="Kirby, 1904 a: 415" authorityName="Kirby" authorityPageNumber="415" authorityYear="1904" box="[151,501,1170,1194]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Prexaspes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="janus">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FF2AFB29FECEF290" box="[151,315,1171,1194]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Prexaspes janus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FEFDFB28FE00F290" author="Kirby, W. F." box="[320,501,1170,1194]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref46828" refString="Kirby, W. F. (1904 a) A synonymic catalogue of Orthoptera. Vol. I. Orthoptera Euplexoptera, Cursoria, et Gressoria. (Forficulidae, Hemimeridae, Blattidae, Mantidae, Phasmidae). Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 501 pp." type="book" year="1904">Kirby, 1904a: 415</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
[new name for 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEEFFF3FD2FFB28FC02F290" authority="Gray, 1835" authorityName=", Gray" authorityYear="1835" box="[658,1015,1170,1194]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Phasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acanthopterum">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FD2FFB28FC77F290" box="[658,898,1170,1194]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Phasma acanthopterum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FC35FB28FC02F290" author="Gray, G. R." box="[904,1015,1170,1194]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref45958" refString="Gray, G. R. (1835) Synopsis of the species of insects belonging to the family of Phasmidae. Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green, and Longman, London, 48 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8697" type="book" year="1835">Gray, 1835</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(incorrectly attributed to 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FB4AFB28FA7FF290" author="Serville, J. G. A." box="[1271,1418,1170,1194]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref47965" refString="Serville, J. G. A. (1839) Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Orthopteres. Librairie Encyclopedique de Roret, Paris, 776 pp." type="book" year="1839">Serville, 1839</bibRefCitation>
)]; 
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10ADFFEEFFF3FF7AFB0BFE5AF2F3" author="Conle, O. V. &amp; Hennemann, F. H. &amp; Bellanger, Y. &amp; Lelong, P. &amp; Jourdan, T. &amp; Valero, P." box="[199,431,1201,1225]" page="126" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" year="2020">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FF7AFB0BFE5AF2F3" author="Conle, O. V. &amp; Hennemann, F. H. &amp; Bellanger, Y. &amp; Lelong, P. &amp; Jourdan, T. &amp; Valero, P." box="[199,431,1201,1225]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 136" refId="ref44918" refString="Conle, O. V., Hennemann, F. H., Bellanger, Y., Lelong, P., Jourdan, T. &amp; Valero, P. (2020) Studies on neotropical Phasmatodea XX: a new genus and 16 new species from French Guiana. Zootaxa, 4814 (1), 1 - 136. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4814.1.1" type="journal article" year="2020">
Conle 
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FEB7FB08FEC8F2F3" box="[266,317,1201,1225]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">et al.</emphasis>
, 2020: 126
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
[= 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEEFFF3FE6EFB0BFCADF2F3" ID-CoL="8PH6N" authority="(Gray, 1835)" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[467,856,1201,1225]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatum">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FE6EFB0BFD39F2F3" box="[467,716,1201,1225]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Paraphasma maculatum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FD64FB0BFCA5F2F3" author="Gray, G. R." box="[729,848,1201,1225]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref45958" refString="Gray, G. R. (1835) Synopsis of the species of insects belonging to the family of Phasmidae. Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green, and Longman, London, 48 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8697" type="book" year="1835">Gray, 1835</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
].
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFEEFFF3FF2AFB6AFD51F2D2" blockId="59.[151,1437,250,1256]" box="[151,676,1231,1256]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0C1192FFEEFFF3FF2AFB6AFD51F2D2" box="[151,676,1231,1256]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10ADFFEEFFF3FF2AFB6AFD55F2D2" author="Otte, D. &amp; Brock, P. D." box="[151,672,1231,1256]" page="281" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" year="2005">
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEEFFF3FF2AFB6AFD55F2D2" ID-CoL="8PHZ9" authority=", Otte &amp; Brock, 2005: 281" authorityName="Otte &amp; Brock" authorityPageNumber="281" authorityYear="2005" box="[151,672,1231,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Prexaspes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="janus" subGenus="Elasia">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FF2AFB6AFF0BF2DD" box="[151,254,1232,1255]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Prexaspes</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FEB0FB6AFEBBF2D2" box="[269,334,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Elasia</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FEE0FB6AFE61F2DD" box="[349,404,1232,1255]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">janus</emphasis>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEEFFF3FE1DFB6AFD55F2D2" author="Otte, D. &amp; Brock, P. D." box="[416,672,1231,1256]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref47359" refString="Otte, D. &amp; Brock, P. D. (2005) Phasmida Species File. Catalog of stick and leaf insects of the world. Insect Diversity Association, Philadelphia, 414 pp." type="book" year="2005">Otte &amp; Brock, 2005: 281</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3066537FFEEFFF3FF2AFAAAFF21F055" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFEEFFF3FF2AFAAAFF21F055" blockId="59.[151,1437,1296,2043]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FF2AFAAAFEE7F310" bold="true" box="[151,274,1296,1322]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Easily distinguishable from other species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEEFFF3FC8FFAAAFC34F310" baseAuthorityName="Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[818,961,1296,1322]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FC8FFAAAFC34F310" box="[818,961,1296,1322]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Paraphasma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the following characters of external morphology: anterior region of the male subgenital plate with a pair of small, approximately styliform lateral projections entirely covered by tergite IX (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFEEFFF3FD34FAE2FD07F349" box="[649,754,1368,1395]" captionStart="FIGURE 45" captionStartId="62.[151,250,1126,1150]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,186,1102]" captionTargetId="figure-27@62.[151,1435,181,1103]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURE 45. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), male terminalia. A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Detail of the subgenital plate and cerci, ventrolateral view. F. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrowhead = lateral projection of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399662" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399662/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Fig. 45E</figureCitation>
: arrowhead); posterior margin of the male subgenital plate truncate in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFEEFFF3FE1CFAC6FDF6F3AD" box="[417,515,1404,1431]" captionStart="FIGURE 45" captionStartId="62.[151,250,1126,1150]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,186,1102]" captionTargetId="figure-27@62.[151,1435,181,1103]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURE 45. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), male terminalia. A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Detail of the subgenital plate and cerci, ventrolateral view. F. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrowhead = lateral projection of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399662" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399662/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Fig. 45B</figureCitation>
) and V-shaped in caudal view (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFEEFFF3FCE7FAC6FC34F3AD" box="[858,961,1404,1431]" captionStart="FIGURE 45" captionStartId="62.[151,250,1126,1150]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,186,1102]" captionTargetId="figure-27@62.[151,1435,181,1103]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURE 45. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), male terminalia. A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Detail of the subgenital plate and cerci, ventrolateral view. F. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrowhead = lateral projection of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399662" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399662/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Fig. 45D</figureCitation>
); female sternite VII with straight posterior margin, lacking a rounded indentation; body distinctly stained in black or brown (especially on the head, pronotum, mesonotum and costal region of the hindwings) and lacking the pair of lateral light stripes present in most species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEEFFF3FF0BFA52FEB0F038" baseAuthorityName="Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[182,325,1512,1538]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FF0BFA52FEB0F038" box="[182,325,1512,1538]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Paraphasma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFEEFFF3FEE9FA52FE5EF039" box="[340,427,1512,1539]" captionStart="FIGURE 43" captionStartId="60.[151,250,2017,2041]" captionTargetBox="[163,1424,1065,1994]" captionTargetId="figure-449@60.[163,1424,1065,1994]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURE 43. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), male, holotype of junior synonym Phasma maculatum Gray, 1835" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399654" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399654/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Figs 43</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFEEFFF3FE0AFA53FE23F039" box="[439,470,1513,1539]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="61.[151,250,1961,1985]" captionTargetBox="[272,1317,203,1934]" captionTargetId="figure-43@61.[271,1317,199,1938]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="FIGURE 44. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), male, specimen MZUSP 0546. A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. Scale bars = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399658" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399658/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">44</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFEEFFF3FE5FFA53FDF5F039" box="[482,512,1513,1539]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="64.[151,250,1901,1925]" captionTargetBox="[183,1404,183,1873]" captionTargetId="figure-27@64.[183,1404,181,1877]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURE 47. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), female. A–D. Specimen MZUSP 0150, habitus in dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views, and anterior region of the body in dorsolateral view (D). E–G. Terminalia, dorsal (E), ventral (F) and lateral (G) views. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; PO, praeopercular organ; SP, subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X. Scale bars = 10 mm, unless otherwise indicated." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399668" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399668/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">47</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFEEFFF3FDB1FA53FDD9F039" box="[524,556,1513,1539]" captionStart="FIGURE 49" captionStartId="66.[151,250,1937,1961]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,181,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-27@66.[157,1430,181,1914]" captionTargetPageId="66" captionText="FIGURE 49. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), live male from Manaus (Amazonas, Brazil). Habitus (A) and anterior region of the body (B) in dorsolateral view. Images provided by Raphael Heleodoro." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399676" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399676/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">49</figureCitation>
). Other features that may be useful for the identification of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEEFFF3FB74FA53FABCF038" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[1225,1353,1512,1538]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Prexaspes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbretta">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FB74FA53FABCF038" box="[1225,1353,1512,1538]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">P. umbretta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are the tegmina shoulder pads developed into sharp spines (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFEEFFF3FD57F9B6FCA0F01D" box="[746,853,1548,1575]" captionStart="FIGURE 43" captionStartId="60.[151,250,2017,2041]" captionTargetBox="[163,1424,1065,1994]" captionTargetId="figure-449@60.[163,1424,1065,1994]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURE 43. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), male, holotype of junior synonym Phasma maculatum Gray, 1835" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399654" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399654/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Figs 43B</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFEEFFF3FCDFF9B7FC63F01D" box="[866,918,1549,1575]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="61.[151,250,1961,1985]" captionTargetBox="[272,1317,203,1934]" captionTargetId="figure-43@61.[271,1317,199,1938]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="FIGURE 44. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), male, specimen MZUSP 0546. A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. Scale bars = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399658" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399658/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">44D</figureCitation>
), the approximately pyriform male cerci with rounded apex (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFEEFFF3FEF9F98AFE6EF071" box="[324,411,1584,1611]" captionStart="FIGURE 45" captionStartId="62.[151,250,1126,1150]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,186,1102]" captionTargetId="figure-27@62.[151,1435,181,1103]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURE 45. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), male terminalia. A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Detail of the subgenital plate and cerci, ventrolateral view. F. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrowhead = lateral projection of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399662" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399662/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Fig. 45</figureCitation>
), and females with large body length for the genus (&gt; 
<quantity id="4CE49B59FFEEFFF3FBA6F98AFB9AF071" box="[1051,1135,1584,1611]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.6" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="66.0">66 mm</quantity>
, sometimes surpassing 
<quantity id="4CE49B59FFEEFFF3FA3DF98BFF32F055" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="70.0">70 mm</quantity>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3066537FFEEFFF6FF7AF9C2FDC4F149" lastPageId="62" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFEEFFF4FF7AF9C2FE30F22B" blockId="59.[151,1437,1296,2043]" lastBlockId="60.[151,1437,151,1041]" lastPageId="60" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FF7AF9C2FD1AF0A8" bold="true" box="[199,751,1656,1683]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
Redescription of male. Color (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFEEFFF3FD8DF9C2FD46F0A8" box="[560,691,1656,1682]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 43" captionStart-1="FIGURE 44" captionStart-2="FIGURE 45" captionStartId-0="60.[151,250,2017,2041]" captionStartId-1="61.[151,250,1961,1985]" captionStartId-2="62.[151,250,1126,1150]" captionTargetBox-0="[163,1424,1065,1994]" captionTargetBox-1="[272,1317,203,1934]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1431,186,1102]" captionTargetId-0="figure-449@60.[163,1424,1065,1994]" captionTargetId-1="figure-43@61.[271,1317,199,1938]" captionTargetId-2="figure-27@62.[151,1435,181,1103]" captionTargetPageId-0="60" captionTargetPageId-1="61" captionTargetPageId-2="62" captionText-0="FIGURE 43. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), male, holotype of junior synonym Phasma maculatum Gray, 1835" captionText-1="FIGURE 44. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), male, specimen MZUSP 0546. A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. Scale bars = 10 mm." captionText-2="FIGURE 45. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), male terminalia. A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Detail of the subgenital plate and cerci, ventrolateral view. F. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrowhead = lateral projection of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399654" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399658" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399662" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/6399654/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/6399658/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/6399662/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Figs 43–45</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFEEFFF3FD7DF9C2FD15F0A8" box="[704,736,1656,1682]" captionStart="FIGURE 49" captionStartId="66.[151,250,1937,1961]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,181,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-27@66.[157,1430,181,1914]" captionTargetPageId="66" captionText="FIGURE 49. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), live male from Manaus (Amazonas, Brazil). Habitus (A) and anterior region of the body (B) in dorsolateral view. Images provided by Raphael Heleodoro." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399676" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399676/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">49</figureCitation>
):
</emphasis>
Body mostly yellowish-brown, but with many black or dark brown areas. Head, pro- and mesonotum strongly black-stained, with distinct light brown dorsomedian line.Antennae dark brown or black, sometimes with sparse light brown regions. Legs mostly dark brown or black, with irregular lighter areas; femora-tibiae joints light brown. Tegmina dark brown or black with conspicuous light brown venation. Costal region of hindwings yellowish or grayish-brown, with irregular dark brown stains. Body ventrally brown; abdominal sternite VIII and subgenital plate black-stained. Live specimens fairly bright-colored (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFEEFFF3FB78F896FAE2F17D" box="[1221,1303,1836,1863]" captionStart="FIGURE 49" captionStartId="66.[151,250,1937,1961]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,181,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-27@66.[157,1430,181,1914]" captionTargetPageId="66" captionText="FIGURE 49. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), live male from Manaus (Amazonas, Brazil). Habitus (A) and anterior region of the body (B) in dorsolateral view. Images provided by Raphael Heleodoro." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399676" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399676/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Fig. 49</figureCitation>
), with head, thorax and legs shiny black with reddish-brown areas; hindwings with yellowish-gray costal region and orange anal region (orange color completely fades in dried specimens). 
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FCFCF8CFFBDDF1B4" bold="true" box="[833,1064,1908,1935]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
Head (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFEEFFF3FC2CF8CEFC1FF1B4" box="[913,1002,1908,1934]" captionStart="FIGURE 43" captionStartId="60.[151,250,2017,2041]" captionTargetBox="[163,1424,1065,1994]" captionTargetId="figure-449@60.[163,1424,1065,1994]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURE 43. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), male, holotype of junior synonym Phasma maculatum Gray, 1835" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399654" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399654/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Figs 43</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFEEFFF3FC44F8CEFBECF1B4" box="[1017,1049,1908,1934]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="61.[151,250,1961,1985]" captionTargetBox="[272,1317,203,1934]" captionTargetId="figure-43@61.[271,1317,199,1938]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="FIGURE 44. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), male, specimen MZUSP 0546. A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. Scale bars = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399658" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399658/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">44</figureCitation>
):
</emphasis>
As in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEEFFF3FBCAF8CEFA60F1B4" authorityName="Redtenbacher" authorityYear="1906" box="[1143,1429,1908,1934]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conspersum">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FBCAF8CEFA60F1B4" box="[1143,1429,1908,1934]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Paraphasma conspersum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but vertex almost flat and compound eye slightly elongate in lateral view. 
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FC56F823FAA2F188" bold="true" box="[1003,1367,1944,1971]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
Thorax and legs (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFEEFFF3FB7DF822FAEFF188" box="[1216,1306,1944,1970]" captionStart="FIGURE 43" captionStartId="60.[151,250,2017,2041]" captionTargetBox="[163,1424,1065,1994]" captionTargetId="figure-449@60.[163,1424,1065,1994]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURE 43. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), male, holotype of junior synonym Phasma maculatum Gray, 1835" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399654" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399654/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Figs 43</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFEEFFF3FA95F822FABDF188" box="[1320,1352,1944,1970]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="61.[151,250,1961,1985]" captionTargetBox="[272,1317,203,1934]" captionTargetId="figure-43@61.[271,1317,199,1938]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="FIGURE 44. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), male, specimen MZUSP 0546. A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. Scale bars = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399658" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399658/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">44</figureCitation>
):
</emphasis>
As in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEEFFF3FF2AF806FE47F1EC" authorityName="Redtenbacher" authorityYear="1906" box="[151,434,1980,2006]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conspersum">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FF2AF806FE47F1EC" box="[151,434,1980,2006]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Paraphasma conspersum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEEFFF3FE02F806FD5FF1EC" bold="true" box="[447,682,1980,2006]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
Wings (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFEEFFF3FDA4F806FD9AF1EC" box="[537,623,1980,2006]" captionStart="FIGURE 43" captionStartId="60.[151,250,2017,2041]" captionTargetBox="[163,1424,1065,1994]" captionTargetId="figure-449@60.[163,1424,1065,1994]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURE 43. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), male, holotype of junior synonym Phasma maculatum Gray, 1835" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399654" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399654/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Figs 43</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFEEFFF3FDC6F806FD6EF1EC" box="[635,667,1980,2006]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="61.[151,250,1961,1985]" captionTargetBox="[272,1317,203,1934]" captionTargetId="figure-43@61.[271,1317,199,1938]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="FIGURE 44. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), male, specimen MZUSP 0546. A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. Scale bars = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399658" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399658/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">44</figureCitation>
):
</emphasis>
Tegmina short, not reaching median region of metanotum; in dorsal view about 2.5–2.8x longer than wide; posterior and apical margins rounded; shoulder pad developed into a sharp spine; anal region with conspicuous reticulate venation. Hindwing usually reaching anterior region of abdominal tergite VII. 
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE9FFF4FEA7FF00FD9CF6EE" bold="true" box="[282,617,186,212]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
Abdomen (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE9FFF4FE23FF00FDD8F6EE" box="[414,557,186,212]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="61.[151,250,1961,1985]" captionTargetBox="[272,1317,203,1934]" captionTargetId="figure-43@61.[271,1317,199,1938]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="FIGURE 44. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), male, specimen MZUSP 0546. A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. Scale bars = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399658" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399658/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Figs 44A–C</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE9FFF4FD87FF00FDAFF6EE" box="[570,602,186,212]" captionStart="FIGURE 45" captionStartId="62.[151,250,1126,1150]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,186,1102]" captionTargetId="figure-27@62.[151,1435,181,1103]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURE 45. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), male terminalia. A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Detail of the subgenital plate and cerci, ventrolateral view. F. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrowhead = lateral projection of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399662" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399662/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">45</figureCitation>
):
</emphasis>
About 1.8x longer than the combined length of head, thorax and median segment; dorsally and ventrally smooth, but tergite X sometimes slightly carinate on posterior region. Segments gradually shortening from II to VIII. Tergites VIII–X (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE9FFF4FCB8FEB9FC6BF727" box="[773,926,258,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 45" captionStartId="62.[151,250,1126,1150]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,186,1102]" captionTargetId="figure-27@62.[151,1435,181,1103]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURE 45. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), male terminalia. A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Detail of the subgenital plate and cerci, ventrolateral view. F. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrowhead = lateral projection of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399662" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399662/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Fig. 45A,B,E</figureCitation>
) very short and distinctly wider than II–VII; tergite IX about as long as VIII and slightly longer than X. Tergite X strongly convex; narrower than VIII and IX; wider than long, narrowing towards the posterior region; posterior margin slightly emarginate in dorsal view. Thorn pads weakly developed, formed by 5–10 minute teeth grouped on a slightly swollen region on each side of posterior margin of tergite X. Cerci (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE9FFF4FE78FE29FDE3F797" box="[453,534,402,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 45" captionStartId="62.[151,250,1126,1150]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,186,1102]" captionTargetId="figure-27@62.[151,1435,181,1103]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURE 45. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), male terminalia. A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Detail of the subgenital plate and cerci, ventrolateral view. F. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrowhead = lateral projection of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399662" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399662/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Fig. 45</figureCitation>
) about as long as tergite X, circular in cross-section; somewhat pyriform, thicker basally and tapering towards apex; apex rounded, slightly incurved. Vomer (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE9FFF4FC57FE0DFBBEF7EB" box="[1002,1099,438,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 45" captionStartId="62.[151,250,1126,1150]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,186,1102]" captionTargetId="figure-27@62.[151,1435,181,1103]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURE 45. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), male terminalia. A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Detail of the subgenital plate and cerci, ventrolateral view. F. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrowhead = lateral projection of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399662" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399662/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Fig. 45F</figureCitation>
) subtriangular, approximately symmetric, wider than long, gradually narrowing from base to sharp apex; anterior margin distinctly concave; basal region formed by two narrow lateral projections. Sternite VIII (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE9FFF4FCD6FE45FC1EF423" box="[875,1003,510,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 45" captionStartId="62.[151,250,1126,1150]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,186,1102]" captionTargetId="figure-27@62.[151,1435,181,1103]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURE 45. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), male terminalia. A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Detail of the subgenital plate and cerci, ventrolateral view. F. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrowhead = lateral projection of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399662" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399662/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Fig. 45B,C</figureCitation>
) distinctly shorter than corresponding tergite. Subgenital plate 2.5–3x longer than sternite VIII; distinctly divided into anterior and posterior region (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE9FFF4FAD2FD99FF1FF45B" captionStart="FIGURE 45" captionStartId="62.[151,250,1126,1150]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,186,1102]" captionTargetId="figure-27@62.[151,1435,181,1103]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURE 45. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), male terminalia. A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Detail of the subgenital plate and cerci, ventrolateral view. F. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrowhead = lateral projection of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399662" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399662/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Fig. 45B–E</figureCitation>
). Anterior region of subgenital plate originating a symmetric pair of small lateral projections (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE9FFF4FA8DFDFDFA6CF45B" box="[1328,1433,582,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 45" captionStartId="62.[151,250,1126,1150]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,186,1102]" captionTargetId="figure-27@62.[151,1435,181,1103]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURE 45. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), male terminalia. A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Detail of the subgenital plate and cerci, ventrolateral view. F. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrowhead = lateral projection of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399662" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399662/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Fig. 45E</figureCitation>
: arrowhead), directed posteriorly, covered by tergite IX and not reaching its posterior margin; lateral projections approximately styliform, slightly compressed laterally, with rounded apex. Posterior region of subgenital plate strongly convex; longer than anterior region; posterior margin truncate in lateral view, V-shaped in caudal view. Cerci, posterior margin of tergite X and subgenital plate densely pilose. 
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE9FFF4FC68FD6CFB1AF4CA" bold="true" box="[981,1263,726,753]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
Phallic organ (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE9FFF4FB35FD6CFB15F4CA" box="[1160,1248,726,752]" captionStart="FIGURE 46" captionStartId="63.[151,250,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,672,1804]" captionTargetId="figure-243@63.[154,1433,669,1813]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURE 46. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), illustrations of the phallic organ. A. Dorsal view. B. Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. C. Caudal view. D. Left view. E. Right view. Abbreviations: b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; rbp, right basal pouch; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello (2021: fig 4)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399666" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399666/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Fig. 46</figureCitation>
):
</emphasis>
Dorsal sclerite (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE9FFF4FF1DFD41FF07F52F" box="[160,242,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 46" captionStartId="63.[151,250,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,672,1804]" captionTargetId="figure-243@63.[154,1433,669,1813]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURE 46. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), illustrations of the phallic organ. A. Dorsal view. B. Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. C. Caudal view. D. Left view. E. Right view. Abbreviations: b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; rbp, right basal pouch; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello (2021: fig 4)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399666" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399666/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Fig. 46</figureCitation>
, in red) distinctly displaced to right side of phallic organ, about as wide as long, roughly triangular in dorsal view; distal process (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE9FFF4FE3BFCA5FE2EF503" box="[390,475,799,825]" captionStart="FIGURE 46" captionStartId="63.[151,250,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,672,1804]" captionTargetId="figure-243@63.[154,1433,669,1813]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURE 46. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), illustrations of the phallic organ. A. Dorsal view. B. Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. C. Caudal view. D. Left view. E. Right view. Abbreviations: b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; rbp, right basal pouch; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello (2021: fig 4)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399666" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399666/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Fig. 46</figureCitation>
: dp) narrow and elongate, directed posteriorly and to the left, approximately in angle of 45º with longitudinal axis of organ. Dorsal and ventral lobes almost completely fused on left side. Dorsal lobe undivided (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE9FFF4FEABFCDDFE9FF5BB" box="[278,362,871,897]" captionStart="FIGURE 46" captionStartId="63.[151,250,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,672,1804]" captionTargetId="figure-243@63.[154,1433,669,1813]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURE 46. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), illustrations of the phallic organ. A. Dorsal view. B. Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. C. Caudal view. D. Left view. E. Right view. Abbreviations: b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; rbp, right basal pouch; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello (2021: fig 4)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399666" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399666/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Fig. 46</figureCitation>
: dl). Sclerite of the ventral lobe of “small-simple 
<typeStatus id="54A7881EFFE9FFF4FC2EFCDDFC33F5BB" box="[915,966,871,897]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">type</typeStatus>
” (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE9FFF4FC62FCDDFBC7F5BB" box="[991,1074,871,897]" captionStart="FIGURE 46" captionStartId="63.[151,250,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,672,1804]" captionTargetId="figure-243@63.[154,1433,669,1813]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURE 46. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), illustrations of the phallic organ. A. Dorsal view. B. Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. C. Caudal view. D. Left view. E. Right view. Abbreviations: b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; rbp, right basal pouch; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello (2021: fig 4)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399666" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399666/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Fig. 46</figureCitation>
, in green), covering only central region of inner face of ventral lobe; roughly oval in dorsal view, broader on right region; with two protuberances partially linked by a carina, the left one broader and rounded, the right one smaller, approximately lamellate. Base apodemes (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFE9FFF4FEA4FC69FE9AF5D7" box="[281,367,979,1005]" captionStart="FIGURE 46" captionStartId="63.[151,250,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,672,1804]" captionTargetId="figure-243@63.[154,1433,669,1813]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURE 46. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), illustrations of the phallic organ. A. Dorsal view. B. Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. C. Caudal view. D. Left view. E. Right view. Abbreviations: b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; rbp, right basal pouch; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello (2021: fig 4)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399666" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399666/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Fig. 46</figureCitation>
, in blue) forming two spatulate expansions, one directed anteriorly and the other posteriorly, projecting into dorsal lobe.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFE9FFF4FF2AF85BFA68F1C3" blockId="60.[151,1437,2017,2042]" box="[151,1437,2017,2042]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE9FFF4FF2AF85BFED4F1C3" bold="true" box="[151,289,2017,2041]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">FIGURE 43.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFE9FFF4FE94F858FD13F1C3" authority="(Lichtenstein, 1796)" baseAuthorityName="Lichtenstein" baseAuthorityYear="1796" box="[297,742,2017,2042]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbretta">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE9FFF4FE94F858FDFBF1C0" box="[297,526,2018,2042]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Paraphasma umbretta</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFE9FFF4FDA1F858FD2AF1C3" author="Lichtenstein, A. A. H." box="[540,735,2017,2042]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" refId="ref47087" refString="Lichtenstein, A. A. H. (1796) Catalogus musei zoologici ditissimi Hamburgi, d III Februar 1796, Auctionis lege distrahendi, Sectio Tertia, Continens Insecta. Gottl. Friedr. Schniebes, Hamburg, 222 pp." type="book" year="1796">Lichtenstein, 1796</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, male, holotype of junior synonym 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFE9FFF4FBE5F858FA68F1C3" authority="Gray, 1835" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1835" box="[1112,1437,2017,2042]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Phasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatum">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE9FFF4FBE5F858FAD6F1C0" box="[1112,1315,2018,2042]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Phasma maculatum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFE9FFF4FA97F858FA68F1C3" author="Gray, G. R." box="[1322,1437,2017,2042]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" refId="ref45958" refString="Gray, G. R. (1835) Synopsis of the species of insects belonging to the family of Phasmidae. Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green, and Longman, London, 48 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8697" type="book" year="1835">Gray, 1835</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFE8FFF5FF2AFF2DFA94F694" blockId="61.[151,1377,150,175]" box="[151,1377,150,175]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
(NHM 012502909). 
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE8FFF5FED5FF2CFE74F694" bold="true" box="[360,385,150,174]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">A.</emphasis>
Habitus, dorsal view. 
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE8FFF5FDDEFF2DFD8FF695" bold="true" box="[611,634,151,175]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">B.</emphasis>
Anterior region of the body, dorsal view. 
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE8FFF5FB9CFF2CFBCFF694" bold="true" box="[1057,1082,150,174]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">C.</emphasis>
Labels. Scale bars = 
<quantity id="4CE49B59FFE8FFF5FAAEFF2DFAABF694" box="[1299,1374,151,175]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF636634FFE8FFF5FF2AF813FBBFF1DF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399658" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6399658" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399658/files/figure.png" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" startId="61.[151,250,1961,1985]" targetBox="[272,1317,203,1934]" targetPageId="61">
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFE8FFF5FF2AF813FBBFF1DF" blockId="61.[151,1436,1961,2021]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE8FFF5FF2AF813FED5F1FB" bold="true" box="[151,288,1961,1985]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">FIGURE 44.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFE8FFF5FE9BF813FD2BF1FB" authority="(Lichtenstein, 1796)" baseAuthorityName="Lichtenstein" baseAuthorityYear="1796" box="[294,734,1961,1985]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbretta">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE8FFF5FE9BF813FDFCF1FB" box="[294,521,1961,1985]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Paraphasma umbretta</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFE8FFF5FDABF813FD2DF1FB" author="Lichtenstein, A. A. H." box="[534,728,1961,1985]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" refId="ref47087" refString="Lichtenstein, A. A. H. (1796) Catalogus musei zoologici ditissimi Hamburgi, d III Februar 1796, Auctionis lege distrahendi, Sectio Tertia, Continens Insecta. Gottl. Friedr. Schniebes, Hamburg, 222 pp." type="book" year="1796">Lichtenstein, 1796</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, male, specimen MZUSP 0546. 
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE8FFF5FB9AF813FBAAF1FB" bold="true" box="[1063,1119,1961,1985]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">A–C.</emphasis>
Habitus, dorsal (
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE8FFF5FAB0F813FAEAF1FB" bold="true" box="[1293,1311,1961,1985]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">A</emphasis>
), lateral (
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE8FFF5FA3EF813FA61F1FB" bold="true" box="[1411,1428,1961,1985]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">B</emphasis>
) and ventral (
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE8FFF5FEAAF877FEDCF1DF" bold="true" box="[279,297,1997,2021]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">C</emphasis>
) views. 
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFE8FFF5FE3DF877FE6CF1DF" bold="true" box="[384,409,1997,2021]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">D.</emphasis>
Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. Scale bars = 10 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF636634FFEBFFF6FF2AFBDCFF2CF334" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399662" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6399662" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399662/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" startId="62.[151,250,1126,1150]" targetBox="[151,1431,186,1102]" targetPageId="62">
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFEBFFF6FF2AFBDCFF2CF334" blockId="62.[151,1437,1126,1295]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEBFFF6FF2AFBDCFED4F244" bold="true" box="[151,289,1126,1150]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">FIGURE 45.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEBFFF6FE95FBDDFD16F245" authority="(Lichtenstein, 1796)" baseAuthorityName="Lichtenstein" baseAuthorityYear="1796" box="[296,739,1127,1151]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbretta">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEBFFF6FE95FBDDFDF9F245" box="[296,524,1127,1151]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Paraphasma umbretta</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEBFFF6FDA4FBDDFD29F245" author="Lichtenstein, A. A. H." box="[537,732,1127,1151]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refId="ref47087" refString="Lichtenstein, A. A. H. (1796) Catalogus musei zoologici ditissimi Hamburgi, d III Februar 1796, Auctionis lege distrahendi, Sectio Tertia, Continens Insecta. Gottl. Friedr. Schniebes, Hamburg, 222 pp." type="book" year="1796">Lichtenstein, 1796</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, male terminalia. 
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEBFFF6FC21FBDCFC21F244" bold="true" box="[924,980,1126,1150]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">A–D.</emphasis>
Terminalia in dorsal (
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEBFFF6FB0AFBDCFB3CF244" bold="true" box="[1207,1225,1126,1150]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">A</emphasis>
), lateral (
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEBFFF6FA92FBDDFAB5F245" bold="true" box="[1327,1344,1127,1151]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">B</emphasis>
), ventral (
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEBFFF6FF1DFB30FF47F298" bold="true" box="[160,178,1162,1186]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">C</emphasis>
) and oblique caudal (
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEBFFF6FE24FB31FE5EF299" bold="true" box="[409,427,1163,1187]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">D</emphasis>
) views. 
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEBFFF6FDBBFB31FDEBF299" bold="true" box="[518,542,1163,1187]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">E.</emphasis>
Detail of the subgenital plate and cerci, ventrolateral view. 
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEBFFF6FB2EFB31FB53F299" bold="true" box="[1171,1190,1163,1187]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">F.</emphasis>
Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrowhead = lateral projection of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFEBFFF6FF7AFA87FE19F036" blockId="62.[151,1437,1340,2016]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEBFFF6FF7AFA87FD43F36C" bold="true" box="[199,694,1340,1367]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
Redescription of female. Color (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFEBFFF6FDF3FA86FD52F36C" box="[590,679,1340,1366]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="64.[151,250,1901,1925]" captionTargetBox="[183,1404,183,1873]" captionTargetId="figure-27@64.[183,1404,181,1877]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURE 47. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), female. A–D. Specimen MZUSP 0150, habitus in dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views, and anterior region of the body in dorsolateral view (D). E–G. Terminalia, dorsal (E), ventral (F) and lateral (G) views. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; PO, praeopercular organ; SP, subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X. Scale bars = 10 mm, unless otherwise indicated." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399668" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399668/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Fig. 47</figureCitation>
):
</emphasis>
As in male, but posterior region of subgenital plate light brown and some specimens with costal region of hindwings more strongly stained in dark brown. 
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEBFFF6FB29FADBFF09F3A4" bold="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
Head and thorax (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFEBFFF6FAD0FADAFF1AF3A4" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="64.[151,250,1901,1925]" captionTargetBox="[183,1404,183,1873]" captionTargetId="figure-27@64.[183,1404,181,1877]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURE 47. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), female. A–D. Specimen MZUSP 0150, habitus in dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views, and anterior region of the body in dorsolateral view (D). E–G. Terminalia, dorsal (E), ventral (F) and lateral (G) views. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; PO, praeopercular organ; SP, subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X. Scale bars = 10 mm, unless otherwise indicated." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399668" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399668/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Fig. 47A–D</figureCitation>
):
</emphasis>
As in male. 
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEBFFF6FE3BFA3FFD93F3A4" bold="true" box="[390,614,1412,1439]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
Legs (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFEBFFF6FE71FA3EFDACF3A4" box="[460,601,1412,1438]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="64.[151,250,1901,1925]" captionTargetBox="[183,1404,183,1873]" captionTargetId="figure-27@64.[183,1404,181,1877]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURE 47. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), female. A–D. Specimen MZUSP 0150, habitus in dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views, and anterior region of the body in dorsolateral view (D). E–G. Terminalia, dorsal (E), ventral (F) and lateral (G) views. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; PO, praeopercular organ; SP, subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X. Scale bars = 10 mm, unless otherwise indicated." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399668" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399668/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Fig. 47A–C</figureCitation>
):
</emphasis>
As in male, but slightly shorter in relation to body and anterodorsal carina of profemur distinctly raised medially. 
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEBFFF6FDF3FA13FCB1F3F8" bold="true" box="[590,836,1448,1475]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
Wings (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFEBFFF6FD14FA12FCC2F3F8" box="[681,823,1448,1474]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="64.[151,250,1901,1925]" captionTargetBox="[183,1404,183,1873]" captionTargetId="figure-27@64.[183,1404,181,1877]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURE 47. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), female. A–D. Specimen MZUSP 0150, habitus in dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views, and anterior region of the body in dorsolateral view (D). E–G. Terminalia, dorsal (E), ventral (F) and lateral (G) views. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; PO, praeopercular organ; SP, subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X. Scale bars = 10 mm, unless otherwise indicated." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399668" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399668/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Fig. 47A–D</figureCitation>
):
</emphasis>
As in male, but hindwing reaching abdominal tergite VIII. 
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEBFFF6FF68FA77FDC5F3DC" bold="true" box="[213,560,1484,1511]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
Abdomen (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFEBFFF6FEE5FA76FDD7F3DC" box="[344,546,1484,1510]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="64.[151,250,1901,1925]" captionTargetBox="[183,1404,183,1873]" captionTargetId="figure-27@64.[183,1404,181,1877]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURE 47. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), female. A–D. Specimen MZUSP 0150, habitus in dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views, and anterior region of the body in dorsolateral view (D). E–G. Terminalia, dorsal (E), ventral (F) and lateral (G) views. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; PO, praeopercular organ; SP, subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X. Scale bars = 10 mm, unless otherwise indicated." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399668" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399668/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Fig. 47A–C,E–G</figureCitation>
):
</emphasis>
As in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEBFFF6FDC5FA77FC61F3DD" authorityName="Redtenbacher" authorityYear="1906" box="[632,916,1485,1511]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conspersum">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEBFFF6FDC5FA77FC61F3DD" box="[632,916,1485,1511]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Paraphasma conspersum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but sternite VII with straight posterior margin (lacking rounded indentation).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFEBFFF6FF7AF9AFFDC4F149" blockId="62.[151,1437,1340,2016]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEBFFF6FF7AF9AFFDECF014" bold="true" box="[199,537,1556,1583]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
Description of egg (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFEBFFF6FE08F9AEFDF9F014" box="[437,524,1556,1582]" captionStart="FIGURE 48" captionStartId="65.[151,250,993,1017]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,188,968]" captionTargetId="figure-22@65.[157,1431,181,969]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIGURE 48. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), egg. Dorsal (A), lateral (B) and anterodorsal (C) views.Abbreviations: Ca, capsule; Op, operculum; MP, micropylar plate. Arrow = median line. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399672" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399672/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Fig. 48</figureCitation>
).
</emphasis>
Capsule somewhat elongate, approximately cylindrical, about as high as wide or slightly higher than wide; slightly narrowing towards polar area, the latter almost flat; capsule densely covered with fairly thick bristles, longer around operculum and on polar area. Operculum approximately oval, slightly higher than wide, perpendicular in relation to longitudinal axis of capsule; covered with long bristles except for a small central area. Micropylar plate oval, somewhat elongate, positioned medially on capsule; smooth except for a slight longitudinal ridge which may bear 1–3 short bristles. Median line short and inconspicuous (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFEBFFF6FA92F973FA6DF0D9" box="[1327,1432,1737,1763]" captionStart="FIGURE 48" captionStartId="65.[151,250,993,1017]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,188,968]" captionTargetId="figure-22@65.[157,1431,181,969]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIGURE 48. Paraphasma umbretta (Lichtenstein, 1796), egg. Dorsal (A), lateral (B) and anterodorsal (C) views.Abbreviations: Ca, capsule; Op, operculum; MP, micropylar plate. Arrow = median line. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399672" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399672/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Fig. 48A</figureCitation>
: arrow). Internal micropylar plate not examined. Capsule and operculum uniformly light brown; micropylar plate and median line in the same color or slightly darker. 
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEBFFF6FD58F8ABFBDAF110" bold="true" box="[741,1071,1808,1835]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
Measurements (mm, 
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEBFFF6FC5CF8ABFC04F111" bold="true" box="[993,1009,1809,1835]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">n</emphasis>
= 4):
</emphasis>
capsule length, 2.7–2.8; capsule width, 1.6; capsule height, 1.6–1.7; operculum width, 1.1–1.2; operculum height, 1.3–1.4; micropylar plate length, 0.6–0.7; micropylar plate width, 0.4.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3066537FFEBFFF6FF7AF8C7FADDF1E5" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFEBFFF6FF7AF8C7FADDF1E5" blockId="62.[151,1437,1340,2016]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEBFFF6FF7AF8C7FCB6F1AC" bold="true" box="[199,835,1916,1943]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
Distribution (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFEBFFF6FED4F8C6FE5AF1AD" box="[361,431,1916,1943]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1433,1457]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,184,1406]" captionTargetId="figure-22@9.[151,1435,181,1409]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 1. Distribution map of Paraphasma. Circles indicate records based on material examined; triangles indicate records from the literature (Stoll 1787; Serville 1839; Chopard 1911; Conle et al. 2011; Jourdan et al. 2014); stars indicate records of undetermined Paraphasma species based on Rehn (1906) and Piza (1939) (although these authors identified the specimens, the identifications are doubtful or insufficient)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399542" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399542/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
: orange circles, orange triangles).
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEBFFF6FCF6F8C7FBB0F1AD" baseAuthorityName="Lichtenstein" baseAuthorityYear="1796" box="[843,1093,1917,1943]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbretta">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEBFFF6FCF6F8C7FBB0F1AD" box="[843,1093,1917,1943]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Paraphasma umbretta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distributed over a large part of the Amazon Forest. It is known from the Brazilian states of Amazonas and western 
<collectingRegion id="49D8F85EFFEBFFF6FBF1F81BFB8BF181" box="[1100,1150,1953,1979]" country="Suriname" name="Para" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Pará</collectingRegion>
and is also recorded from 
<collectingCountry id="F30B762CFFEBFFF6FF2AF87FFEF7F1E5" box="[151,258,1989,2015]" name="Suriname" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Suriname</collectingCountry>
(
<typeStatus id="54A7881EFFEBFFF6FEACF87FFEB6F1E5" box="[273,323,1989,2015]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">type</typeStatus>
locality), 
<collectingCountry id="F30B762CFFEBFFF6FE08F87FFDAEF1E5" box="[437,603,1989,2015]" name="French Guiana" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">French Guiana</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEBFFF6FDD7F87FFCF7F1E5" author="Serville, J. G. A." box="[618,770,1989,2015]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refId="ref47965" refString="Serville, J. G. A. (1839) Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Orthopteres. Librairie Encyclopedique de Roret, Paris, 776 pp." type="book" year="1839">Serville 1839</bibRefCitation>
) and north-central 
<collectingCountry id="F30B762CFFEBFFF6FC64F87FFBB2F1E5" box="[985,1095,1989,2015]" name="Colombia" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Colombia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEBFFF6FBEBF87FFAE9F1E5" author="Conle, O. V. &amp; Hennemann, F. H. &amp; Gutierrez, Y." box="[1110,1308,1989,2015]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refId="ref44866" refString="Conle, O. V., Hennemann, F. H. &amp; Gutierrez, Y. (2011) The stick insects of Colombia: A catalogue and bibliography with the descriptions of four new genera and 74 new species. Books on Demand, Norderstedt, 406 pp." type="book" year="2011">
Conle 
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEBFFF6FB1CF87CFB2FF1E5" box="[1185,1242,1989,2015]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">et al.</emphasis>
2011
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3066537FFEAFF89FF7AFF2DFAB1F198" lastPageId="65" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFEAFFF7FF7AFF2DFC1DF7E8" blockId="63.[151,1437,151,645]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEAFFF7FF7AFF2DFECEF68B" bold="true" box="[199,315,151,177]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Remarks.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEAFFF7FEF9FF2DFDF5F68B" author="Fabricius, J. C." box="[324,512,151,177]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" refId="ref45423" refString="Fabricius, J. C. (1787) Mantissa insectorum sistens eorum species nuper detectas adiectis characteribus genericis, differentiis specificis, emendationibus, observationibus. Tom. I. Christian Gottlob Proft, Copenhagen, 348 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11657" type="book" year="1787">Fabricius (1787)</bibRefCitation>
described 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEAFFF7FDC3FF2DFCDEF68B" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1787" box="[638,811,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Mantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="linearis">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEAFFF7FDC3FF2DFCDEF68B" box="[638,811,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Mantis linearis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, from 
<collectingCountry id="F30B762CFFEAFFF7FCC7FF2DFC43F68B" box="[890,950,151,177]" name="India" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">India</collectingCountry>
, which was later transferred to 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEAFFF7FA9EFF2DFA88F68B" authorityName=", Fabricius" authorityYear="1798" box="[1315,1405,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Phasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEAFFF7FA9EFF2DFA88F68B" box="[1315,1405,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Phasma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in a subsequent work of the same author (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEAFFF7FDE5FF01FCF1F6EF" author="Fabricius, J. C." box="[600,772,187,213]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" refId="ref45536" refString="Fabricius, J. C. (1798) Supplementum Entomologiae Systematicae. Proft et Storch, Copenhagen, 572 pp." type="book" year="1798">Fabricius 1798</bibRefCitation>
) [this species is currently under the valid name 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEAFFF7FA91FF01FE12F6C3" authority="(Lichtenstein, 1802)" baseAuthorityName="Lichtenstein" baseAuthorityYear="1802" class="Insecta" family="Diapheromeridae" genus="Necroscia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manicata">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEAFFF7FA91FF01FF0AF6C2" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Necroscia manicata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEAFFF7FEB0FF65FE2BF6C3" author="Lichtenstein, A. A. H." box="[269,478,223,249]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="1 - 39" refId="ref47130" refString="Lichtenstein, A. A. H. (1802) A dissertation on two natural genera hitherto confounded under the name of Mantis. Transactions of the Linnean Society, 6, 1 - 39, pls. I - II. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1802. tb 00466. x" type="journal article" year="1802">Lichtenstein, 1802</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
due to being a junior primary homonym of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEAFFF7FC7AFF65FAF7F6C3" authority="Drury, 1770" authorityName="Drury" authorityYear="1770" box="[967,1282,222,249]" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Mantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="linearis">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEAFFF7FC7AFF65FB84F6C3" box="[967,1137,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Mantis linearis</emphasis>
Drury, 1770
</taxonomicName>
]. 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEAFFF7FAAFFF65FF17F724" author="Lichtenstein, A. A. H." pageId="63" pageNumber="64" refId="ref47087" refString="Lichtenstein, A. A. H. (1796) Catalogus musei zoologici ditissimi Hamburgi, d III Februar 1796, Auctionis lege distrahendi, Sectio Tertia, Continens Insecta. Gottl. Friedr. Schniebes, Hamburg, 222 pp." type="book" year="1796">Lichtenstein (1796)</bibRefCitation>
proposed the binomen 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEAFFF7FE4AFEB9FD35F727" authorityName="Lichtenstein" authorityYear="1796" box="[503,704,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Phasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbretta">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEAFFF7FE4AFEB9FD35F727" box="[503,704,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Phasma umbretta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for Stoll’s species ‘Double-Epine Brun’, from 
<collectingCountry id="F30B762CFFEAFFF7FB55FEB9FAA6F727" box="[1256,1363,259,285]" name="Suriname" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Suriname</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEAFFF7FADBFEB9FF26F77B" author="Stoll, C. &amp; Qui se trouvent dans les quatre parties du monde, L'Europe" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" refId="ref48230" refString="Stoll, C. (1787 - 1813) Representation exactement coloree d'apres nature des spectres, des mantes, des sauterelles, des grillons, des criquets et des blattes. Qui se trouvent dans les quatre parties du monde, L'Europe, L'Asie, L'Afrique et L'Amerique; rassemblees et decrites. Chez J. C. Sepp., Amsterdam, 79 pp., XXV pls. [This work was published in two parts: the first (pp. 1 - 56, pls. I - XVIII) in 1787 and the second posthumously in 1813. Only the second part includes Latinized names, for the species described in both parts.]" type="book" year="1787">Stoll 1787</bibRefCitation>
: pp. 24–25, fig. 27), and also suggested that this species might be the male of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEAFFF7FBE2FE9DFA88F77B" authority="Fabricius" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1787" box="[1119,1405,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Mantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="linearis">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEAFFF7FBE2FE9DFAF9F77B" box="[1119,1292,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Mantis linearis</emphasis>
Fabricius
</taxonomicName>
[a clearly wrong interpretation, considering the very different collecting locality and that the specimen illustrated by 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEAFFF7FF2AFED5FEEAF7B3" author="Stoll, C. &amp; Qui se trouvent dans les quatre parties du monde, L'Europe" box="[151,287,367,393]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" refId="ref48230" refString="Stoll, C. (1787 - 1813) Representation exactement coloree d'apres nature des spectres, des mantes, des sauterelles, des grillons, des criquets et des blattes. Qui se trouvent dans les quatre parties du monde, L'Europe, L'Asie, L'Afrique et L'Amerique; rassemblees et decrites. Chez J. C. Sepp., Amsterdam, 79 pp., XXV pls. [This work was published in two parts: the first (pp. 1 - 56, pls. I - XVIII) in 1787 and the second posthumously in 1813. Only the second part includes Latinized names, for the species described in both parts.]" type="book" year="1787">Stoll (1787)</bibRefCitation>
is a female]. Later, Stoll (1813) himself proposed the name 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEAFFF7FC70FED5FB70F7B3" authorityName="Stoll" authorityYear="1813" box="[973,1157,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Phasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="linearis">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEAFFF7FC70FED5FB70F7B3" box="[973,1157,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Phasma linearis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for his species ‘DoubleEpine Brun’, simultaneously creating an objective synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEAFFF7FCC7FE29FB2DF797" authority="Lichtenstein" authorityName="Lichtenstein" authorityYear="1796" box="[890,1240,403,429]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Phasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbretta">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEAFFF7FCC7FE29FBB6F797" box="[890,1091,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Phasma umbretta</emphasis>
Lichtenstein
</taxonomicName>
[as indicated by 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEAFFF7FF2AFE0DFE95F7EB" author="Westwood, J. O." box="[151,352,438,465]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" refId="ref48660" refString="Westwood, J. O. (1859) Catalogue of Orthopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. Part I. Phasmidae. British Museum, London, 195 pp., XL pls." type="book" year="1859">Westwood (1859)</bibRefCitation>
] and a primary homonym of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEAFFF7FD15FE0DFC10F7E8" authority="(Fabricius)" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1787" box="[680,997,439,466]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Phasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="linearis">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEAFFF7FD15FE0DFCAAF7EB" box="[680,863,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Phasma linearis</emphasis>
(Fabricius)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFEAFFF7FF7AFE61FBA8F4BF" blockId="63.[151,1437,151,645]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
Stoll (1813) mentioned 
<collectingCountry id="F30B762CFFEAFFF7FE69FE61FD81F7CF" box="[468,628,475,501]" name="Ambon Island" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Ambon Island</collectingCountry>
as the place of origin of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEAFFF7FC2FFE61FAE3F7CF" authority="Stoll, 1813" authorityName="Stoll" authorityYear="1813" box="[914,1302,475,501]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Phasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acanthophora">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEAFFF7FC2FFE61FB67F7CF" box="[914,1170,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Phasma acanthophora</emphasis>
Stoll, 1813
</taxonomicName>
(= ‘Spectre Moucheté’: p. 62, fig. 78). However, the specimen illustrated is similar to 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEAFFF7FC43FE45FB09F423" baseAuthorityName="Lichtenstein" baseAuthorityYear="1796" box="[1022,1276,511,537]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbretta">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEAFFF7FC43FE45FB09F423" box="[1022,1276,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Paraphasma umbretta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and this 
<typeStatus id="54A7881EFFEAFFF7FAD1FE45FA69F423" box="[1388,1436,511,537]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">type</typeStatus>
locality is likely to be wrong—the specimen is possibly from 
<collectingCountry id="F30B762CFFEAFFF7FCDEFD99FC24F407" box="[867,977,547,573]" name="Suriname" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Suriname</collectingCountry>
, like the 
<typeStatus id="54A7881EFFEAFFF7FB83FD99FB9BF407" box="[1086,1134,547,573]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">type</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEAFFF7FB24FD99FA60F407" baseAuthorityName="Lichtenstein" baseAuthorityYear="1796" box="[1177,1429,547,573]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbretta">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEAFFF7FB24FD99FA60F407" box="[1177,1429,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Paraphasma umbretta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Therefore, we maintain the synonymy between these species, which was first pointed out by 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEAFFF7FB17FDFDFA6DF458" author="Redtenbacher, J." box="[1194,1432,583,610]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref47604" refString="Redtenbacher, J. (1906) I. Tribus Bacillini, II. Tribus Obrimini, III. Tribus Pygirhynchini, IV. Tribus Ascepasmini, V. Tribus Anisomorphini, VI. Tribus Phasmini, VII. Tribus Heteropterygini, VIII. Tribus Phyllini. In: Brunner von Wattenwyl, K. &amp; Redtenbacher, J. (Eds.), 1906 - 1908, Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden. Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, pp. 1 - 18, tafel I - VI." type="book chapter" year="1906">Redtenbacher (1906)</bibRefCitation>
. The 
<typeStatus id="54A7881EFFEAFFF7FF77FDD1FEF0F4BF" box="[202,261,619,645]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">types</typeStatus>
of both 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEAFFF7FEDEFDD1FDA8F4BF" baseAuthorityName="Lichtenstein" baseAuthorityYear="1796" box="[355,605,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbretta">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEAFFF7FEDEFDD1FDA8F4BF" box="[355,605,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Paraphasma umbretta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEAFFF7FD29FDD1FC67F4BF" authorityName="Stoll" authorityYear="1813" box="[660,914,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Phasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acanthophora">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEAFFF7FD29FDD1FC67F4BF" box="[660,914,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Phasma acanthophora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are probably lost.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF636634FFEAFFF7FF2AF896FF46F1C2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399666" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6399666" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399666/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" startId="63.[151,250,1836,1860]" targetBox="[154,1432,672,1804]" targetPageId="63">
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFEAFFF7FF2AF896FF46F1C2" blockId="63.[151,1436,1836,2040]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEAFFF7FF2AF896FED7F17E" bold="true" box="[151,290,1836,1860]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">FIGURE 46.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFEAFFF7FE97F896FD1DF17E" authority="(Lichtenstein, 1796)" baseAuthorityName="Lichtenstein" baseAuthorityYear="1796" box="[298,744,1836,1860]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbretta">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEAFFF7FE97F896FDFAF17E" box="[298,527,1836,1860]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Paraphasma umbretta</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEAFFF7FDA3F896FD14F17E" author="Lichtenstein, A. A. H." box="[542,737,1836,1860]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" refId="ref47087" refString="Lichtenstein, A. A. H. (1796) Catalogus musei zoologici ditissimi Hamburgi, d III Februar 1796, Auctionis lege distrahendi, Sectio Tertia, Continens Insecta. Gottl. Friedr. Schniebes, Hamburg, 222 pp." type="book" year="1796">Lichtenstein, 1796</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, illustrations of the phallic organ. 
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEAFFF7FBF2F896FB9DF17E" bold="true" box="[1103,1128,1836,1860]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">A.</emphasis>
Dorsal view. 
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEAFFF7FB47F896FAE4F17E" bold="true" box="[1274,1297,1836,1860]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">B.</emphasis>
Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. 
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEAFFF7FDFEF8EAFDA9F152" bold="true" box="[579,604,1872,1896]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">C.</emphasis>
Caudal view. 
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEAFFF7FD53F8EAFCF3F152" bold="true" box="[750,774,1872,1896]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">D.</emphasis>
Left view. 
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFEAFFF7FCC7F8EAFC67F152" bold="true" box="[890,914,1872,1896]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">E.</emphasis>
Right view. Abbreviations: b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; rbp, right basal pouch; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFEAFFF7FC54F806FA83F1EE" author="Chiquetto-Machado, P. I. &amp; Cancello, E. M." box="[1001,1398,1980,2004]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="158 - 198" refId="ref44573" refString="Chiquetto-Machado, P. I. &amp; Cancello, E. M. (2021) Cladistic analysis of Paraphasma (Phasmatodea: Pseudophasmatidae) highlights the importance of the phallic organ for phasmid systematics. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 193, 158 - 198. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / zoolinnean / zlab 004" type="journal article" year="2021">Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello (2021</bibRefCitation>
: fig 4).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF636634FF95FF88FF2AF8D7FD75F1CB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399668" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6399668" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399668/files/figure.png" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" startId="64.[151,250,1901,1925]" targetBox="[183,1404,183,1873]" targetPageId="64">
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFF95FF88FF2AF8D7FD75F1CB" blockId="64.[151,1437,1901,2034]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF95FF88FF2AF8D7FED5F1BF" bold="true" box="[151,288,1901,1925]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">FIGURE 47.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFF95FF88FE9AF8D7FD2AF1BF" authority="(Lichtenstein, 1796)" baseAuthorityName="Lichtenstein" baseAuthorityYear="1796" box="[295,735,1901,1925]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbretta">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF95FF88FE9AF8D7FDFFF1BF" box="[295,522,1901,1925]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Paraphasma umbretta</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFF95FF88FDABF8D7FD2DF1BF" author="Lichtenstein, A. A. H." box="[534,728,1901,1925]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" refId="ref47087" refString="Lichtenstein, A. A. H. (1796) Catalogus musei zoologici ditissimi Hamburgi, d III Februar 1796, Auctionis lege distrahendi, Sectio Tertia, Continens Insecta. Gottl. Friedr. Schniebes, Hamburg, 222 pp." type="book" year="1796">Lichtenstein, 1796</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, female. 
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF95FF88FC81F8D7FC81F1BF" bold="true" box="[828,884,1901,1925]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">A–D.</emphasis>
Specimen MZUSP 0150, habitus in dorsal (
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF95FF88FA88F8D7FAB2F1BF" bold="true" box="[1333,1351,1901,1925]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">A</emphasis>
), lateral (
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF95FF88FF1DF828FF44F190" bold="true" box="[160,177,1938,1962]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">B</emphasis>
) and ventral (
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF95FF88FE80F82BFEBAF193" bold="true" box="[317,335,1937,1961]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">C</emphasis>
) views, and anterior region of the body in dorsolateral view (
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF95FF88FC0AF828FC3CF190" bold="true" box="[951,969,1938,1962]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">D</emphasis>
). 
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF95FF88FC63F82BFBE3F193" bold="true" box="[990,1046,1937,1961]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">E–G.</emphasis>
Terminalia, dorsal (
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF95FF88FB5DF828FB04F190" bold="true" box="[1248,1265,1938,1962]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">E</emphasis>
), ventral (
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF95FF88FAE7F828FA9CF190" bold="true" box="[1370,1385,1938,1962]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">F</emphasis>
) and lateral (
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF95FF88FF58F80FFF0CF1F7" bold="true" box="[229,249,1973,1997]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">G</emphasis>
) views. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; PO, praeopercular organ; SP, subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X. Scale bars = 10 mm, unless otherwise indicated.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF636634FF94FF89FF2AFC5BFBCFF227" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399672" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6399672" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399672/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" startId="65.[151,250,993,1017]" targetBox="[159,1427,188,968]" targetPageId="65">
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFF94FF89FF2AFC5BFBCFF227" blockId="65.[151,1437,993,1053]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF94FF89FF2AFC5BFEEBF5C3" bold="true" box="[151,286,993,1017]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">FIGURE 48.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFF94FF89FE9EFC5BFD20F5C3" authority="(Lichtenstein, 1796)" baseAuthorityName="Lichtenstein" baseAuthorityYear="1796" box="[291,725,993,1017]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbretta">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF94FF89FE9EFC5BFDF1F5C3" box="[291,516,993,1017]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Paraphasma umbretta</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFF94FF89FDB2FC5BFD3BF5C3" author="Lichtenstein, A. A. H." box="[527,718,993,1017]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" refId="ref47087" refString="Lichtenstein, A. A. H. (1796) Catalogus musei zoologici ditissimi Hamburgi, d III Februar 1796, Auctionis lege distrahendi, Sectio Tertia, Continens Insecta. Gottl. Friedr. Schniebes, Hamburg, 222 pp." type="book" year="1796">Lichtenstein, 1796</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, egg. Dorsal (
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF94FF89FCE3FC5BFC85F5C3" bold="true" box="[862,880,993,1017]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">A</emphasis>
), lateral (
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF94FF89FC6DFC5BFC14F5C3" bold="true" box="[976,993,993,1017]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">B</emphasis>
) and anterodorsal (
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF94FF89FB1FFC5BFB41F5C3" bold="true" box="[1186,1204,993,1017]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">C</emphasis>
) views. Abbreviations: Ca, capsule; Op, operculum; MP, micropylar plate. Arrow = median line. Scale bar = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFF94FF89FF7AFBF6FBBDF2E8" blockId="65.[151,1437,1099,1954]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFF94FF89FF7AFBF6FEA4F25C" author="Gray, G. R." box="[199,337,1099,1126]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" refId="ref45958" refString="Gray, G. R. (1835) Synopsis of the species of insects belonging to the family of Phasmidae. Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green, and Longman, London, 48 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8697" type="book" year="1835">Gray (1835)</bibRefCitation>
described 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFF94FF89FE71FBF1FD5FF25F" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1835" box="[460,682,1099,1125]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Phasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatum">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF94FF89FE71FBF1FD5FF25F" box="[460,682,1099,1125]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Phasma maculatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on a male from the Brazilian Amazon. 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFF94FF89FB0DFBF1FA69F25C" author="Redtenbacher, J." box="[1200,1436,1099,1126]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref47604" refString="Redtenbacher, J. (1906) I. Tribus Bacillini, II. Tribus Obrimini, III. Tribus Pygirhynchini, IV. Tribus Ascepasmini, V. Tribus Anisomorphini, VI. Tribus Phasmini, VII. Tribus Heteropterygini, VIII. Tribus Phyllini. In: Brunner von Wattenwyl, K. &amp; Redtenbacher, J. (Eds.), 1906 - 1908, Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden. Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, pp. 1 - 18, tafel I - VI." type="book chapter" year="1906">Redtenbacher (1906)</bibRefCitation>
transferred this species to 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFF94FF89FE7DFBD5FDBAF2B3" baseAuthorityName="Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[448,591,1135,1161]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF94FF89FE7DFBD5FDBAF2B3" box="[448,591,1135,1161]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Paraphasma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and treated 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFF94FF89FD61FBD5FBB6F2B0" authority="(Gray)" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[732,1091,1135,1162]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatum">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF94FF89FD61FBD5FC1AF2B3" box="[732,1007,1135,1161]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Paraphasma maculatum</emphasis>
(Gray)
</taxonomicName>
as the valid name for 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFF94FF89FAFFFBD5FE65F297" authority="Lichtenstein" authorityName="Lichtenstein" authorityYear="1796" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Phasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbretta">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF94FF89FAFFFBD5FF0EF297" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Phasma umbretta</emphasis>
Lichtenstein
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFF94FF89FE21FB29FD65F297" authority="Stoll" authorityName="Stoll" authorityYear="1813" box="[412,656,1171,1197]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Phasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="linearis">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF94FF89FE21FB29FDA1F297" box="[412,596,1171,1197]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Phasma linearis</emphasis>
Stoll
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFF94FF89FD75FB29FBF6F297" authority="Stoll" authorityName="Stoll" authorityYear="1813" box="[712,1027,1171,1197]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Phasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acanthophora">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF94FF89FD75FB29FC33F297" box="[712,966,1171,1197]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Phasma acanthophora</emphasis>
Stoll
</taxonomicName>
[in the case of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFF94FF89FB0FFB2EFA9EF297" authorityName="Stoll" authorityYear="1813" box="[1202,1387,1171,1197]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Phasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acanthophora">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF94FF89FB0FFB2EFA9EF297" box="[1202,1387,1171,1197]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">P. acanthophora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the author reproduced the incorrect spelling of 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFF94FF89FDC1FB02FCFDF2E8" author="Gray, G. R." box="[636,776,1207,1234]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" refId="ref45958" refString="Gray, G. R. (1835) Synopsis of the species of insects belonging to the family of Phasmidae. Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green, and Longman, London, 48 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8697" type="book" year="1835">Gray (1835)</bibRefCitation>
, “ 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFF94FF89FC9DFB0DFBD9F2EB" authorityName=", Gray" authorityYear="1835" box="[800,1068,1207,1233]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Phasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acanthopterum">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF94FF89FC9DFB0DFBD9F2EB" box="[800,1068,1207,1233]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Phasma acanthopterum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
”].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFF94FF89FF7AFB61FE96F3F4" blockId="65.[151,1437,1099,1954]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
Despite the suppression of the publication by 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFF94FF89FD00FB61FC62F2CC" author="Lichtenstein, A. A. H." box="[701,919,1243,1270]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" refId="ref47087" refString="Lichtenstein, A. A. H. (1796) Catalogus musei zoologici ditissimi Hamburgi, d III Februar 1796, Auctionis lege distrahendi, Sectio Tertia, Continens Insecta. Gottl. Friedr. Schniebes, Hamburg, 222 pp." type="book" year="1796">Lichtenstein (1796)</bibRefCitation>
for nomenclatural purposes, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFF94FF89FB65FB61FA69F2CF" authorityName="Lichtenstein" authorityYear="1796" box="[1240,1436,1243,1269]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Phasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbretta">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF94FF89FB65FB61FA69F2CF" box="[1240,1436,1243,1269]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Phasma umbretta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 18 other specific names published in that work were conserved [see 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFF94FF89FC5AFB45FB56F320" author="Kerzhner, I. M." box="[999,1187,1279,1306]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" pagination="108 - 115" refId="ref46673" refString="Kerzhner, I. M. (1994) Case 2862. A. A. H. Lichtenstein's (1796, 1797) Catalogus musei zoologici Sectio tertia. Continens Insecta and D. H. Schneider's (1800) Verzeichniss einer Parthei Insekten: proposed suppression, with conservation of some Lichtenstein (1796) names (Insecta and Arachnida). Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature, 51, 108 - 115. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 7172" type="journal article" year="1994">Kerzhner (1994)</bibRefCitation>
and the ruling of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFF94FF89FCA9FA9EFC69F304" author="ICZN" box="[788,924,1315,1342]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" pagination="283 - 285" refId="ref46551" refString="ICZN (1995) Opinion 1820. A. A. H. Lichtenstein's (1796, 1797) Catalogus musei zoologici Sectio tertia. Continens Insecta and D. H. Schneider's (1800) Verzeichniss einer Parthei Insekten: suppressed, with conservation of some Lichtenstein (1796) names (Insecta and Arachnida). Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature, 52, 283 - 285." type="journal article" year="1995">ICZN 1995</bibRefCitation>
)]. 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFF94FF89FC0AFA99FA69F304" authority="(Lichtenstein, 1796)" baseAuthorityName="Lichtenstein" baseAuthorityYear="1796" box="[951,1436,1315,1342]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbretta">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF94FF89FC0AFA99FB47F307" box="[951,1202,1315,1341]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Paraphasma umbretta</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFF94FF89FB7DFA99FA61F304" author="Lichtenstein, A. A. H." box="[1216,1428,1315,1342]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" refId="ref47087" refString="Lichtenstein, A. A. H. (1796) Catalogus musei zoologici ditissimi Hamburgi, d III Februar 1796, Auctionis lege distrahendi, Sectio Tertia, Continens Insecta. Gottl. Friedr. Schniebes, Hamburg, 222 pp." type="book" year="1796">Lichtenstein, 1796</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
is thus the valid name of this species, notwithstanding that its junior synonym 
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFF94FF89FBB7FAFDFA85F358" authority="(Gray)" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[1034,1392,1351,1378]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatum">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF94FF89FBB7FAFDFAE8F35B" box="[1034,1309,1351,1377]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Paraphasma maculatum</emphasis>
(Gray)
</taxonomicName>
has been more commonly used in the literature (see e.g. 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFF94FF89FD67FAD1FC63F3BC" author="Handlirsch, A." box="[730,918,1387,1414]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" refId="ref46087" refString="Handlirsch, A. (1930) Ordnung der Pterygogonea: Phasmida (Gespenst- oder Stabheuschrecken). In: Kukenthal, W. &amp; Krumbach, T. (Eds.), Handbuch der Zoologie. Vol. 4. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin &amp; Leipzig, pp. 751 - 765." type="book" year="1930">Handlirsch 1930</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFF94FF89FC1CFAD6FBCBF3BC" author="Zompro, O." box="[929,1086,1388,1414]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" pagination="1 - 327" refId="ref48943" refString="Zompro, O. (2004) Revision of the genera of the Areolatae, including the status of Timema and Agathemera (Insecta, Phasmatodea). Abhandlungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins in Hamburg, Neue Folge, 37, 1 - 327." type="journal article" year="2004">Zompro 2004</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFF94FF89FBF5FAD1FAFDF3BC" author="Conle, O. V. &amp; Hennemann, F. H. &amp; Gutierrez, Y." box="[1096,1288,1387,1414]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" refId="ref44866" refString="Conle, O. V., Hennemann, F. H. &amp; Gutierrez, Y. (2011) The stick insects of Colombia: A catalogue and bibliography with the descriptions of four new genera and 74 new species. Books on Demand, Norderstedt, 406 pp." type="book" year="2011">
Conle 
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF94FF89FB2CFAD6FB3DF3BF" box="[1169,1224,1387,1413]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">et al.</emphasis>
2011
</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFF94FF89FAAFFAD6FABBF3BC" author="Conle, O. V. &amp; Hennemann, F. H. &amp; Bellanger, Y. &amp; Lelong, P. &amp; Jourdan, T. &amp; Valero, P." box="[1298,1358,1388,1414]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" pagination="1 - 136" refId="ref44918" refString="Conle, O. V., Hennemann, F. H., Bellanger, Y., Lelong, P., Jourdan, T. &amp; Valero, P. (2020) Studies on neotropical Phasmatodea XX: a new genus and 16 new species from French Guiana. Zootaxa, 4814 (1), 1 - 136. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4814.1.1" type="journal article" year="2020">2020</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFF94FF89FAE5FAD1FEE7F393" author="Brock, P. D. &amp; Marshall, J. A. &amp; Beccaloni, G. W. &amp; Harman, A. J. E." pageId="65" pageNumber="66" pagination="151 - 208" refId="ref44045" refString="Brock, P. D., Marshall, J. A., Beccaloni, G. W. &amp; Harman, A. J. E. (2016) The types of Phasmida in the Natural History Museum, London, UK. Zootaxa, 4179 (2), 151 - 208. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4179.2.1" type="journal article" year="2016">
Brock 
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF94FF89FF2AFA2AFF3AF393" box="[151,207,1423,1449]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">et al.</emphasis>
2016
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFF94FF89FEA0FA35FD33F390" author="Chiquetto-Machado, P. I. &amp; Cancello, E. M." box="[285,710,1423,1450]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" pagination="158 - 198" refId="ref44573" refString="Chiquetto-Machado, P. I. &amp; Cancello, E. M. (2021) Cladistic analysis of Paraphasma (Phasmatodea: Pseudophasmatidae) highlights the importance of the phallic organ for phasmid systematics. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 193, 158 - 198. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / zoolinnean / zlab 004" type="journal article" year="2021">Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello 2021</bibRefCitation>
), possibly as a consequence of 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFF94FF89FB9EFA35FAFAF390" author="Redtenbacher, J." box="[1059,1295,1423,1450]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref47604" refString="Redtenbacher, J. (1906) I. Tribus Bacillini, II. Tribus Obrimini, III. Tribus Pygirhynchini, IV. Tribus Ascepasmini, V. Tribus Anisomorphini, VI. Tribus Phasmini, VII. Tribus Heteropterygini, VIII. Tribus Phyllini. In: Brunner von Wattenwyl, K. &amp; Redtenbacher, J. (Eds.), 1906 - 1908, Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden. Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, pp. 1 - 18, tafel I - VI." type="book chapter" year="1906">Redtenbacher (1906)</bibRefCitation>
having used it as a valid name.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFF94FF89FF7AFA6DFAB1F198" blockId="65.[151,1437,1099,1954]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF94FF89FF7AFA6DFDC9F3CB" bold="true" box="[199,572,1495,1521]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
<collectingRegion id="49D8F85EFF94FF89FF7AFA6DFEB2F3CB" box="[199,327,1495,1521]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Additional</collectingRegion>
material examined.
</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B743CE1FF94FF89FDFAFA6DFF0FF000" collectingDate="2010-06-15" collectingDateMax="2010-06-19" collectingDateMin="2010-06-15" collectingMethod="Varredura" collectionCode="INPA" collectorName="S. S. Oliveira &amp; J. T. Camara &amp; J. A. Rafael &amp; V. Linard" country="Brazil" county="Barcelos" latitude="0.09727778" location="Boca Rio Curuduri" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-63.289528" municipality="Rio Araca" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Amazonas">
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<collectingCountry id="F30B762CFF94FF89FDFAFA6DFD41F3CB" box="[583,692,1495,1521]" name="Brazil" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion id="49D8F85EFF94FF89FD7EFA6DFCB1F3CB" box="[707,836,1495,1521]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Amazonas</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
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, 
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, 
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, 
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, 
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, 
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, 
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</date>
, 
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, 
<collectorName id="26E9536AFF94FF89FC92FA46FC26F02F" box="[815,979,1531,1558]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">S. S. Oliveira</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="26E9536AFF94FF89FC5EFA46FB88F02C" box="[995,1149,1532,1558]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">J. T. Câmara</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="26E9536AFF94FF89FB33FA46FAEBF02F" box="[1166,1310,1531,1558]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">J. A. Rafael</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="26E9536AFF94FF89FA93FA46FA68F02F" box="[1326,1437,1531,1558]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">V. Linard</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="ED0DAE79FF94FF89FF22F99AFF12F000" box="[159,231,1568,1594]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">INPA</collectionCode>
*)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B743CE1FF94FF89FEB9F99AFE64F064" collectingDate="2007-08-11" collectingMethod="Coleta manual" collectionCode="INPA" collectorName="T. K. Krolow" country="Brazil" county="Barcelos" latitude="0.1525" location="Comunidade Bacuquara" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-63.177223" municipality="Rio Araca" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Amazonas">
<specimenCount id="9D1AFD35FF94FF89FEB9F99AFED2F000" box="[260,295,1568,1594]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, 
<collectingCounty id="62C24E30FF94FF89FE89F9A5FE6CF003" box="[308,409,1567,1593]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Barcelos</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC7ACC6FF94FF89FE1FF9A5FDE0F000" box="[418,533,1567,1594]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Rio Aracá</collectingMunicipality>
, 
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, 
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<collectorName id="26E9536AFF94FF89FF2AF9FEFEC7F067" box="[151,306,1603,1630]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">T. K. Krolow</collectorName>
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)
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BC7ACC6FF94FF89FDF8F9F9FD3AF067" box="[581,719,1603,1629]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Rio Padauri</collectingMunicipality>
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<location id="8EC36067FF94FF89FD60F9F9FC76F064" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587AAFFEEFF89FF2AFF2DFAB1F198:8EC36067FF94FF89FD60F9F9FC76F064" box="[733,899,1603,1630]" country="Brazil" county="Barcelos" municipality="Rio Padauri" name="Parada Ararao" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" stateProvince="Amazonas">Parada Ararão</location>
, 
<date id="FFA2107CFF94FF89FC2DF9F9FBFFF067" box="[912,1034,1603,1629]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="2006-09-23">
<collectingDate id="EFE6E994FF94FF89FC2DF9F9FBFFF067" box="[912,1034,1603,1629]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="2006-09-23">23.ix.2006</collectingDate>
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<collectorName id="26E9536AFF94FF89FBA4F9F9FB74F067" box="[1049,1153,1603,1629]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Nogueira</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26E9536AFF94FF89FB17F9FEFAD8F064" box="[1194,1325,1604,1630]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Braga-Neto</collectorName>
(
<specimenCode id="DBBA9EC7FF94FF89FA83F9FEFF21F0B8" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">MZUSP 0337</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B743CE1FF94FF89FF56F9D2FE64F09C" collectingDate="2005-09-21" collectingDateMax="2005-09-24" collectingDateMin="2005-09-21" collectingMethod="Coleta manual" collectionCode="INPA" collectorName="J. A. Rafael &amp; F. F. Xavier" country="Brazil" location="Estr. Mamopina" municipality="Fonte Boa" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" specimenCode="023227S, 660408W" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Amazonas">
<specimenCount id="9D1AFD35FF94FF89FF56F9D2FEE5F0B8" box="[235,272,1640,1666]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC7ACC6FF94FF89FE9DF9D2FE6EF0B8" box="[288,411,1640,1666]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Fonte Boa</collectingMunicipality>
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<location id="8EC36067FF94FF89FE17F9D2FD96F0BB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587AAFFEEFF89FF2AFF2DFAB1F198:8EC36067FF94FF89FE17F9D2FD96F0BB" box="[426,611,1639,1666]" country="Brazil" municipality="Fonte Boa" name="Estr. Mamopina" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" stateProvince="Amazonas">Estr. Mamopina</location>
, 
<specimenCode id="DBBA9EC7FF94FF89FDCEF9D2FD2CF0B8" box="[627,729,1640,1666]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">023227S</specimenCode>
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<specimenCode id="DBBA9EC7FF94FF89FD55F9DDFCA2F0BB" box="[744,855,1639,1665]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">660408W</specimenCode>
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<date id="FFA2107CFF94FF89FCDBF9DDFBFEF0B8" box="[870,1035,1639,1666]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="2005-09-21" valueMax="2005-09-24" valueMin="2005-09-21">
<collectingDate id="EFE6E994FF94FF89FCDBF9DDFBFEF0B8" box="[870,1035,1639,1666]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="2005-09-21" valueMax="2005-09-24" valueMin="2005-09-21">21–24.ix.2005</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectingMethod id="525D4EABFF94FF89FBA7F9DDFB36F0BB" box="[1050,1219,1639,1665]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Coleta manual</collectingMethod>
, 
<collectorName id="26E9536AFF94FF89FB6FF9D2FAA9F0BB" box="[1234,1372,1639,1666]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">J. A. Rafael</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26E9536AFF94FF89FA35F9D2FEF7F09F" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">F. F. Xavier</collectorName>
Fº (
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*)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B743CE1FF94FF89FE1DF936FC83F09C" box="[416,886,1675,1702]" collectingDate="1957-12" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" location="Itacoatiara" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" specimenCode="MZUSP 0359" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Amazonas">
<specimenCount id="9D1AFD35FF94FF89FE1DF936FE36F09C" box="[416,451,1676,1702]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, 
<location id="8EC36067FF94FF89FE69F931FDB8F09F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587AAFFEEFF89FF2AFF2DFAB1F198:8EC36067FF94FF89FE69F931FDB8F09F" box="[468,589,1675,1701]" country="Brazil" name="Itacoatiara" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" stateProvince="Amazonas">Itacoatiara</location>
, 
<date id="FFA2107CFF94FF89FDE6F931FD4DF09C" box="[603,696,1675,1702]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="1957-12">
<collectingDate id="EFE6E994FF94FF89FDE6F931FD4DF09C" box="[603,696,1675,1702]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="1957-12">xii.1957</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<specimenCode id="DBBA9EC7FF94FF89FD74F936FC9AF09C" box="[713,879,1675,1702]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">MZUSP 0359</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B743CE1FF94FF89FC38F936FC6DF0F0" collectingDate="2010-10-08" collectingDateMax="2010-10-09" collectingDateMin="2010-10-08" collectionCode="INPA" collectorName="A. Agudelo" country="Brazil" county="Itapiranga" latitude="-2.7158334" location="Rod. AM 363, km 111" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-58.01278" municipality="Rod." pageId="65" pageNumber="66" specimenCode="AM 363" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Amazonas">
<specimenCount id="9D1AFD35FF94FF89FC38F936FC5DF09C" box="[901,936,1676,1702]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, 
<collectingCounty id="62C24E30FF94FF89FC04F931FBD8F09F" box="[953,1069,1675,1701]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Itapiranga</collectingCounty>
, 
<location id="8EC36067FF94FF89FB81F931FAB1F09C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587AAFFEEFF89FF2AFF2DFAB1F198:8EC36067FF94FF89FB81F931FAB1F09C" box="[1084,1348,1675,1702]" country="Brazil" county="Itapiranga" latitude="-2.7158334" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-58.01278" municipality="Rod." name="Rod. AM 363, km 111" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" stateProvince="Amazonas">Rod. AM 363, km 111</location>
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<location id="8EC36067FF94FF89FAEEF931FF03F0F3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587AAFFEEFF89FF2AFF2DFAB1F198:8EC36067FF94FF89FAEEF931FF03F0F3" country="Brazil" county="Itapiranga" latitude="-2.7158334" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-58.01278" municipality="Rod." name="Ramal Maduba" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" stateProvince="Amazonas">Ramal Madubá</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE28507BFF94FF89FEBFF915FE72F0F0" box="[258,391,1711,1738]" degrees="02" direction="south" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" precision="15" seconds="57" value="-2.7158334">02º42’57”S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="EE28507BFF94FF89FE2EF915FDD5F0F0" box="[403,544,1711,1738]" degrees="58" direction="west" minutes="00" orientation="longitude" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" precision="15" seconds="46" value="-58.01278">58º00’46”W</geoCoordinate>
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<date id="FFA2107CFF94FF89FD90F90AFD58F0F0" box="[557,685,1712,1738]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="2010-10-08" valueMax="2010-10-09" valueMin="2010-10-08">
<collectingDate id="EFE6E994FF94FF89FD90F90AFD58F0F0" box="[557,685,1712,1738]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="2010-10-08" valueMax="2010-10-09" valueMin="2010-10-08">8–9.x.2010</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26E9536AFF94FF89FD05F90AFCCFF0F3" box="[696,826,1711,1738]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">A. Agudelo</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="ED0DAE79FF94FF89FCF7F90AFC65F0F0" box="[842,912,1712,1738]" collectionName="Brazil, Amazonas, Manaus, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazoonia, Colecao Sistematica da Entomologia" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">INPA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B743CE1FF94FF89FC19F90AFDBEF0D4" collectingDate="2004-04-07" collectingMethod="Rede entomologica" collectionCode="INPA" collectorName="Ogawa, G. M." country="Brazil" location="Cj. Tiradentes" municipality="Manaus" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Amazonas">
<specimenCount id="9D1AFD35FF94FF89FC19F90AFC3DF0F0" box="[932,968,1712,1738]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC7ACC6FF94FF89FC6BF90AFBC4F0F0" box="[982,1073,1712,1738]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Manaus</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="8EC36067FF94FF89FB83F915FB2AF0F3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587AAFFEEFF89FF2AFF2DFAB1F198:8EC36067FF94FF89FB83F915FB2AF0F3" box="[1086,1247,1711,1737]" country="Brazil" municipality="Manaus" name="Cj. Tiradentes" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" stateProvince="Amazonas">Cj. Tiradentes</location>
, 
<date id="FFA2107CFF94FF89FB51F915FAA3F0F3" box="[1260,1366,1711,1737]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="2004-04-07">
<collectingDate id="EFE6E994FF94FF89FB51F915FAA3F0F3" box="[1260,1366,1711,1737]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="2004-04-07">7.iv.2004</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectingMethod id="525D4EABFF94FF89FADEF915FEC7F0D7" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Rede entomológica</collectingMethod>
, 
<collectorName id="26E9536AFF94FF89FEFFF96EFE1FF0D4" box="[322,490,1748,1774]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Ogawa, G. M.</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="ED0DAE79FF94FF89FE40F96EFDB6F0D4" box="[509,579,1748,1774]" collectionName="Brazil, Amazonas, Manaus, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazoonia, Colecao Sistematica da Entomologia" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">INPA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B743CE1FF94FF89FDE7F96EFCCDF128" collectingDate="2002-04-28" collectingMethod="Coleta manual" collectionCode="INPA" collectorName="Coletto-Silva, A." country="Brazil" location="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia - Campus I" municipality="Manaus" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" specimenCode="INPA 3619" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Amazonas">
<specimenCount id="9D1AFD35FF94FF89FDE7F96EFD8BF0D4" box="[602,638,1748,1774]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC7ACC6FF94FF89FD32F96EFD1FF0D4" box="[655,746,1748,1774]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Manaus</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="8EC36067FF94FF89FD47F969FA62F0D4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587AAFFEEFF89FF2AFF2DFAB1F198:8EC36067FF94FF89FD47F969FA62F0D4" box="[762,1431,1747,1774]" country="Brazil" municipality="Manaus" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia - Campus I" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" stateProvince="Amazonas">Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia—Campus I</location>
, 
<date id="FFA2107CFF94FF89FF2AF94DFEE5F12B" box="[151,272,1783,1809]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="2002-04-28">
<collectingDate id="EFE6E994FF94FF89FF2AF94DFEE5F12B" box="[151,272,1783,1809]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="2002-04-28">28.iv.2002</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectingMethod id="525D4EABFF94FF89FEA0F94DFE36F12B" box="[285,451,1783,1809]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Coleta manual</collectingMethod>
, 
<collectorName id="26E9536AFF94FF89FE6DF94DFD7AF128" box="[464,655,1783,1810]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Coletto-Silva, A.</collectorName>
(
<specimenCode id="DBBA9EC7FF94FF89FD23F942FCD1F128" box="[670,804,1783,1810]" collectionCode="INPA" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">INPA 3619</specimenCode>
*)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B743CE1FF94FF89FCFBF942FB3DF128" box="[838,1224,1783,1810]" collectingDate="1958-09" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" location="Tefe" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" specimenCode="MZUSP 0151" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Amazonas">
<specimenCount id="9D1AFD35FF94FF89FCFBF942FC9CF128" box="[838,873,1784,1810]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, 
<location id="8EC36067FF94FF89FCC5F94DFC59F12B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587AAFFEEFF89FF2AFF2DFAB1F198:8EC36067FF94FF89FCC5F94DFC59F12B" box="[888,940,1783,1809]" country="Brazil" name="Tefe" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" stateProvince="Amazonas">Tefé</location>
, 
<date id="FFA2107CFF94FF89FC05F94DFBF8F128" box="[952,1037,1783,1810]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="1958-09">
<collectingDate id="EFE6E994FF94FF89FC05F94DFBF8F128" box="[952,1037,1783,1810]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="1958-09">ix.1958</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<specimenCode id="DBBA9EC7FF94FF89FBA0F942FB35F128" box="[1053,1216,1783,1810]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">MZUSP 0151</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B743CE1FF94FF89FB68F942FE42F10C" collectingDate="1958-10" collectionCode="MZUSP" collectorName="Dirings" country="Brazil" location="Tefe" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" specimenCode="MZUSP 0152" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Amazonas">
<specimenCount id="9D1AFD35FF94FF89FB68F942FB0FF128" box="[1237,1274,1784,1810]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
, 
<location id="8EC36067FF94FF89FABAF94DFACEF12B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587AAFFEEFF89FF2AFF2DFAB1F198:8EC36067FF94FF89FABAF94DFACEF12B" box="[1287,1339,1783,1809]" country="Brazil" name="Tefe" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" stateProvince="Amazonas">Tefé</location>
, 
<date id="FFA2107CFF94FF89FAF5F94DFA62F128" box="[1352,1431,1783,1810]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="1958-10">
<collectingDate id="EFE6E994FF94FF89FAF5F94DFA62F128" box="[1352,1431,1783,1810]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="1958-10">x.1958</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26E9536AFF94FF89FF2AF8A1FF1EF10F" box="[151,235,1819,1845]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Dirings</collectorName>
(
<specimenCode id="DBBA9EC7FF94FF89FF41F8A6FE51F10C" box="[252,420,1819,1846]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">MZUSP 0152</specimenCode>
*)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B743CE1FF94FF89FE78F8A6FC12F10C" box="[453,999,1819,1846]" collectingDate="1958-12" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" location="Tefe" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" specimenCode="MZUSP 0354, 0355, 0358" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3" stateProvince="Amazonas">
<specimenCount id="9D1AFD35FF94FF89FE78F8A6FE1FF10C" box="[453,490,1820,1846]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="female">3♀</specimenCount>
, 
<location id="8EC36067FF94FF89FE44F8A1FDD8F10F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587AAFFEEFF89FF2AFF2DFAB1F198:8EC36067FF94FF89FE44F8A1FDD8F10F" box="[505,557,1819,1845]" country="Brazil" name="Tefe" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" stateProvince="Amazonas">Tefé</location>
, 
<date id="FFA2107CFF94FF89FD86F8A1FD6DF10C" box="[571,664,1819,1846]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="1958-12">
<collectingDate id="EFE6E994FF94FF89FD86F8A1FD6DF10C" box="[571,664,1819,1846]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="1958-12">xii.1958</collectingDate>
</date>
(
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, 
<specimenCode id="DBBA9EC7FF94FF89FCE7F8A1FC60F10C" box="[858,917,1819,1846]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">0355</specimenCode>
, 
<specimenCode id="DBBA9EC7FF94FF89FC1EF8A1FC15F10C" box="[931,992,1819,1846]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">0358</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B743CE1FF94FF89FC4BF8A6FF29F160" collectingDate="1959-07" collectionCode="MZUSP" collectorName="Dirings" country="Brazil" location="Tefe" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" specimenCode="MZUSP 0150" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Amazonas">
<specimenCount id="9D1AFD35FF94FF89FC4BF8A6FBECF10C" box="[1014,1049,1820,1846]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, 
<location id="8EC36067FF94FF89FB94F8A1FBA8F10F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587AAFFEEFF89FF2AFF2DFAB1F198:8EC36067FF94FF89FB94F8A1FBA8F10F" box="[1065,1117,1819,1845]" country="Brazil" name="Tefe" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" stateProvince="Amazonas">Tefé</location>
, 
<date id="FFA2107CFF94FF89FBD6F8A1FB3EF10C" box="[1131,1227,1819,1846]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="1959-07">
<collectingDate id="EFE6E994FF94FF89FBD6F8A1FB3EF10C" box="[1131,1227,1819,1846]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="1959-07">vii.1959</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26E9536AFF94FF89FB64F8A1FAD8F10F" box="[1241,1325,1819,1845]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Dirings</collectorName>
(
<specimenCode id="DBBA9EC7FF94FF89FA83F8A6FF21F160" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">MZUSP 0150</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B743CE1FF94FF89FF5AF8FAFDA9F160" box="[231,604,1855,1882]" collectingDate="1962-05" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" location="Tefe" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" specimenCode="MZUSP 0357" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Amazonas">
<specimenCount id="9D1AFD35FF94FF89FF5AF8FAFEFFF160" box="[231,266,1856,1882]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, 
<location id="8EC36067FF94FF89FEA5F885FEB9F163" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587AAFFEEFF89FF2AFF2DFAB1F198:8EC36067FF94FF89FEA5F885FEB9F163" box="[280,332,1855,1881]" country="Brazil" name="Tefe" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" stateProvince="Amazonas">Tefé</location>
, 
<date id="FFA2107CFF94FF89FEE5F885FE56F163" box="[344,419,1855,1881]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="1962-05">
<collectingDate id="EFE6E994FF94FF89FEE5F885FE56F163" box="[344,419,1855,1881]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="1962-05">v.1962</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<specimenCode id="DBBA9EC7FF94FF89FE0CF8FAFDA1F160" box="[433,596,1855,1882]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">MZUSP 0357</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B743CE1FF94FF89FDDAF8FAFC77F160" box="[615,898,1855,1882]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" location="Tefe" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" specimenCode="MZUSP 0356" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Amazonas">
<specimenCount id="9D1AFD35FF94FF89FDDAF8FAFD7FF160" box="[615,650,1856,1882]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, 
<location id="8EC36067FF94FF89FD25F885FD3CF163" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587AAFFEEFF89FF2AFF2DFAB1F198:8EC36067FF94FF89FD25F885FD3CF163" box="[664,713,1855,1881]" country="Brazil" name="Tefe" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" stateProvince="Amazonas">Tefé</location>
(
<specimenCode id="DBBA9EC7FF94FF89FD65F8FAFC8FF160" box="[728,890,1855,1882]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">MZUSP 0356</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<specimenCount id="9D1AFD35FF94FF89FC30F8FAFC23F160" box="[909,982,1856,1882]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="egg">4 eggs</specimenCount>
from females with locality “Amazonas” (NHMW). 
<materialsCitation id="3B743CE1FF94FF89FEA8F8D8FC0BF144" box="[277,1022,1890,1918]" collectingDate="1959-10" collectionCode="DZUP" collectorName="M. Alvarenga" country="Brazil" location="Jacareacanga" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" specimenCode="DZUP 379996" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Para">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFF94FF89FEA8F8D8FEADF147" bold="true" box="[277,344,1890,1917]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
<collectingRegion id="49D8F85EFF94FF89FEA8F8D8FEA6F147" box="[277,339,1890,1917]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Pará</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D1AFD35FF94FF89FEDDF8DEFE70F144" box="[352,389,1892,1918]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
, 
<location id="8EC36067FF94FF89FE2EF8DEFDDFF144" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587AAFFEEFF89FF2AFF2DFAB1F198:8EC36067FF94FF89FE2EF8DEFDDFF144" box="[403,554,1892,1918]" country="Brazil" name="Jacareacanga" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" stateProvince="Para">Jacareacanga</location>
, 
<date id="FFA2107CFF94FF89FD8BF8D9FD70F144" box="[566,645,1891,1918]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="1959-10">
<collectingDate id="EFE6E994FF94FF89FD8BF8D9FD70F144" box="[566,645,1891,1918]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="1959-10">x.1959</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26E9536AFF94FF89FD2FF8DEFCDBF147" box="[658,814,1891,1918]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">M. Alvarenga</collectorName>
(
<specimenCode id="DBBA9EC7FF94FF89FC80F8DEFC1FF144" box="[829,1002,1891,1918]" collectionCode="DZUP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5xp9-edpx" name="Universidade Federal do Parana, Colecao de Entomologia Pe. Jesus Santiago Moure" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="University or college">DZUP 379996</specimenCode>
*)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B743CE1FF94FF89FBB6F8DEFAB5F198" collectingDate="2016-01-05" collectionCode="MZUSP" collectorName="P. I. Chiquetto-Machado &amp; A. Z. Ramin" country="Brazil" latitude="-4.549444" location="Base do Urua" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-56.303886" municipality="Parque Nacional da Amazonia" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" specimenCode="MZUSP 0546" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Para">
<specimenCount id="9D1AFD35FF94FF89FBB6F8DEFBDAF144" box="[1035,1071,1892,1918]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC7ACC6FF94FF89FB80F8DEFA6DF147" box="[1085,1432,1891,1918]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Parque Nacional da Amazônia</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="8EC36067FF94FF89FF2AF832FEC6F198" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587AAFFEEFF89FF2AFF2DFAB1F198:8EC36067FF94FF89FF2AF832FEC6F198" box="[151,307,1927,1954]" country="Brazil" latitude="-4.549444" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-56.303886" municipality="Parque Nacional da Amazonia" name="Base do Urua" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" stateProvince="Para">Base do Uruá</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE28507BFF94FF89FE83F83DFE37F198" box="[318,450,1927,1954]" degrees="04" direction="south" minutes="32" orientation="latitude" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" precision="15" seconds="58" value="-4.549444">04º32’58”S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE28507BFF94FF89FE73F83DFDAFF198" box="[462,602,1927,1954]" degrees="56" direction="west" minutes="18" orientation="longitude" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" precision="15" seconds="14" value="-56.303886">56º18’14”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FFA2107CFF94FF89FDDBF83DFD31F198" box="[614,708,1927,1954]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="2016-01-05">
<collectingDate id="EFE6E994FF94FF89FDDBF83DFD31F198" box="[614,708,1927,1954]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="2016-01-05">5.i.2016</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26E9536AFF94FF89FD6DF832FC11F19B" box="[720,996,1927,1954]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">P. I. Chiquetto-Machado</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="26E9536AFF94FF89FC53F832FB8FF19B" box="[1006,1146,1927,1954]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">A. Z. Ramin</collectorName>
(
<specimenCode id="DBBA9EC7FF94FF89FB35F832FAD9F198" box="[1160,1324,1927,1954]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">MZUSP 0546</specimenCode>
*)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>