448 lines
38 KiB
XML
448 lines
38 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.687.13221" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4bcaf95e-8dd4-431e-9a63-fe37f8eed3da" ID-PMC="PMC5672576" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-687-101" ID-PubMed="29114168" ID-ZBK="5E8C50077CEB496FA0627C7E5B914344" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1313-2970-687-101" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 687" ModsDocTitle="A new species of Pristimantis from eastern Brazilian Amazonia (Anura, Craugastoridae)" checkinTime="1502744406471" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Oliveira, Elciomar Araujo De, Rodrigues, Luis Reginaldo, Kaefer, Igor Luis, Pinto, Karll Cavalcante & Hernandez-Ruz, Emil Jose" docDate="2017" docId="65C911C44966D96A298F675AFE98B2E9" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 687: 101-129" docOrigin="ZooKeys 687" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.687.13221" docTitle="Pristimantis latro Oliveira, Rodrigues, Kaefer, Pinto & Hernandez-Ruz, 2017, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="19BF72F8-BDA4-4C8C-965D-0D92B654B1DA" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="108" masterDocId="2B7C0702FFFFB616FF82FF93F940727D" masterDocTitle="A new species of Pristimantis from eastern Brazilian Amazonia (Anura, Craugastoridae)" masterLastPageNumber="129" masterPageNumber="101" pageNumber="103" updateTime="1668164645870" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A new species of Pristimantis from eastern Brazilian Amazonia (Anura, Craugastoridae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Oliveira, Elciomar Araujo De</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Rodrigues, Luis Reginaldo</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Kaefer, Igor Luis</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Pinto, Karll Cavalcante</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hernandez-Ruz, Emil Jose</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>687</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>101</mods:start>
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<mods:end>129</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.687.13221</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.687.13221</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-687-101</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">5E8C50077CEB496FA0627C7E5B914344</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">5E8C50077CEB496FA0627C7E5B914344</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="132648745" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:19BF72F8-BDA4-4C8C-965D-0D92B654B1DA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/65C911C44966D96A298F675AFE98B2E9" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="108" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="103" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/19BF72F8-BDA4-4C8C-965D-0D92B654B1DA" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Pristimantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristimantis latro" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latro">Pristimantis latro</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="2" pageNumber="103">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figure 4
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="103" type="holotype">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="103">Holotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
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LZATM - 467, adult female, collected on July 23, 2012 in the municipality of Anapu,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Pará">Para</normalizedToken>
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State, Brazil (
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-3.1578195">3°9'28.15"S</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-51.46435">51°27'51.67"W</geoCoordinate>
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) by Elciomar
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Araújo">Araujo</normalizedToken>
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de Oliveira, Emil
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<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Hernández">Hernandez</normalizedToken>
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Ruz and Joyce Celerino de Carvalho. Material stored in the collection of the
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Laboratório">Laboratorio</normalizedToken>
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de Zoologia de Altamira (LZATM) of the Universidade Federal do
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Pará">Para</normalizedToken>
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, Campus de Altamira, Brazil.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
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Paratopotypes. Two adult males: LZATM 739, LZATM 747 and nine adult females: LZATM 743, LZATM 749, LZATM 750, LZATM 740, LZATM 742, LZATM 754, LZATM 742, LZATM 748, LZATM 751, collected during field work by Claudia Liz Teles and Joyce Celerino de Carvalho. Material stored in the collection of the
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Laboratório">Laboratorio</normalizedToken>
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de Zoologia de Altamira (LZATM) of the Universidade Federal do
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Pará">Para</normalizedToken>
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, Campus de Altamira, Brazil.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
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Paratypes. Six males: LZATM 197, LZATM 0063, LZATM 1339, LZATM 818, LZATM 815, LZATM 816 and LZATM 1340. Eleven females: LZATM 386, LZATM 243, LZATM 360, LZATM 744, LZATM 281, LZATM 742, LZATM 748, LZATM 751, LZATM 230, LZATM 358 and LZATM 277 collected during field work by Claudia Liz Teles and Joyce Celerino de Carvalho. Material stored in the collection of the
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Laboratório">Laboratorio</normalizedToken>
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de Zoologia de Altamira (LZATM) of the Universidade Federal do
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Pará">Para</normalizedToken>
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, Campus de Altamira, Brazil. The collection locations of each specimen are listed in Appendix 1.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
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Figure 4. Holotype of
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<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Pristimantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristimantis" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pristimantis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. A ventral view B dorsal view C side view of the head D hand E and right foot (INPA-H 34576).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="104" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" type="allocation to genus and species group of the new species">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="103">Allocation to genus and species group of the new species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="104" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
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No morphological synapomorphy has yet been identified to support the genus
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<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Pristimantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristimantis" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pristimantis</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation pageId="2" pageNumber="103">Hedges et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
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). The new taxon is therefore assigned to the genus
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<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Pristimantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristimantis" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pristimantis</taxonomicName>
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based on (1) molecular phylogenetic relationships (Figure 2); and (2) its morphological characteristics, which fall into the range of other known
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<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Pristimantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristimantis" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pristimantis</taxonomicName>
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species. The new taxon is assigned to the genus
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<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Pristimantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristimantis" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pristimantis</taxonomicName>
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based on its geographic distribution and overall
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<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="104" start="start">similarity</pageBreakToken>
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to the majority of species of
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<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Pristimantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristimantis" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pristimantis</taxonomicName>
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described. We assign the new species to the
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. conspicillatus" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" rank="species" species="conspicillatus">P. conspicillatus</taxonomicName>
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species group following
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<bibRefCitation author="Maciel, NM" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="12" pageNumber="113" pagination="43 - 56" title="A new species of Pristimantis (Anura: Strabomantidae) from the Brazilian Cerrado." volume="56" year="2012">Maciel et al. (2012)</bibRefCitation>
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for having Finger I longer than Finger II, granular but nor aerolate belly, a tarsal fold, distinct tympanic membrane, and by its advertisement call composed of single pulsatile notes modulated in amplitude, as well as molecular phylogenetic relationships.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="105" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="105" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
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<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Pristimantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristimantis latro" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latro">Pristimantis latro</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. is distinguished from other species of the group by the following combination of characters (summarized in Table 4): (1) dorsal skin weakly shagreened or smooth, dorsal tubercles present, dorsolateral folds absent, smooth skin on belly; (2) whitish or yellowish ventral coloration with black spots; (3) one subarticular tubercle on fingers I and II and two on Fingers III and IV; (4) super
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<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="105" start="start">numerary</pageBreakToken>
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tubercles present at the base of fingers I, II, and III, and almost the same size of subarticular tubercles; (5) lateral fringes along fingers; (6) supernumerary tubercle present at the base of Toe IV; (7) basal webbing between toes and weak lateral fringes on toes; (8) twenty-one molecular autapomorphies for the gene fragment 16S mtDNA (Table 5); (9) call consisting of seven notes.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="4" pageNumber="105">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="105">
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Table 4. Comparison of diagnostic characters of some species of the
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<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Pristimantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristimantis conspicillatus" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="conspicillatus">Pristimantis conspicillatus</taxonomicName>
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group, including the new species: (1) belly texture (smooth or granular), (2) dorsal tubercles (present or absent); (3) fringe on finger (present or absent); (4) dorsolateral fold (present or absent); (5) fringe on toe (prominent, weak, absent); (6) basal membrane on toe (present or absent); (7) tarsal fold (prominent, weak or absent); (8) throat color pattern (stained, immaculate, variable or light); (9) supernumerary plant tubercle (present or absent); (10) External palmar tubercle (whole, split or semi-split).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="105">
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<table pageId="4" pageNumber="105">
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<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="105">
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<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rowspan="1">Species</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rowspan="1">1</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rowspan="1">2</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rowspan="1">3</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rowspan="1">4</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rowspan="1">5</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rowspan="1">6</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rowspan="1">7</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rowspan="1">8</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rowspan="1">9</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rowspan="1">10</th>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="105">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rowspan="1">
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. fenestratus" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rank="species" species="fenestratus">P. fenestratus</taxonomicName>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="105">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rowspan="1">
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. fenestratus" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rank="species" species="fenestratus">P. fenestratus</taxonomicName>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="105">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rowspan="1">
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. koehleri" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rank="species" species="koehleri">P. koehleri</taxonomicName>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="105">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rowspan="1">
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. dundeei" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rank="species" species="dundeei">P. dundeei</taxonomicName>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="105">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rowspan="1">
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. samaipatae" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rank="species" species="samaipatae">P. samaipatae</taxonomicName>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="105">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rowspan="1">
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. ventrigranulosus" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rank="species" species="ventrigranulosus">P. ventrigranulosus</taxonomicName>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="105">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rowspan="1">
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. zeuctotylus" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rank="species" species="zeuctotylus">P. zeuctotylus</taxonomicName>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="105">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rowspan="1">
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. chiastonotus" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rank="species" species="chiastonotus">P. chiastonotus</taxonomicName>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="105">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rowspan="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Pristimantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristimantis latro" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latro">Pristimantis latro</taxonomicName>
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</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rowspan="1">smooth</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rowspan="1">present</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rowspan="1">present</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rowspan="1">present</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rowspan="1">weak</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rowspan="1">present</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rowspan="1">weak</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rowspan="1">stained</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rowspan="1">present</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rowspan="1">split</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</paragraph>
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<caption ID-Table-UUID="B4E9D688D6726E6028B12A05D9488F2A" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/B4E9D688D6726E6028B12A05D9488F2A" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="105">
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Table 5. Diagnostic characters observed in the 16S mtDNA gene fragment from
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<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Pristimantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristimantis" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pristimantis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. and other species of the genus
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<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Pristimantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristimantis" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pristimantis</taxonomicName>
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. The first column indicates the character position within the fragment. (-) indicates deletions.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="105">
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<table pageId="4" pageNumber="105">
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<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="105">
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<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rowspan="1">Position (pb)</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rowspan="1">
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. latro" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rank="species" species="latro">P. latro</taxonomicName>
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sp. n.
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</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rowspan="1">
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. fenestratus" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rank="species" species="fenestratus">P. fenestratus</taxonomicName>
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(Borba 1)
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</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rowspan="1">
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. fenestratus" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rank="species" species="fenestratus">P. fenestratus</taxonomicName>
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(Borba 2)
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</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rowspan="1">
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. fenestratus" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rank="species" species="fenestratus">P. fenestratus</taxonomicName>
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(Bolivia)
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</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rowspan="1">
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. koehleri" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rank="species" species="koehleri">P. koehleri</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Bolivia)
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. chiastonotus" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rank="species" species="chiastonotus">P. chiastonotus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Brazil)
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="106" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" type="comparisons">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Comparison with other species.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="106" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">
|
||
Due to difficulties in visiting museums to compare some of the species in the
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Pristimantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristimantis conspicillatus" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="conspicillatus">Pristimantis conspicillatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
group with the species described in this work, data from the literature was used for this procedure. The consulted reference can be found, between brackets, at the end of each comparison. The character state of the compared species is between parentheses.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Pristimantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristimantis latro" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latro">Pristimantis latro</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. is distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. fenestratus" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rank="species" species="fenestratus">P. fenestratus</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the absence of discoidal fold (present), the presence of supernumerary tubercles on hand (absent), length of notes in the male advertisement call ranging from 31 to 45.91 ms (50 to 91 ms) [
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Duellman, WE" journalOrPublisher="Ntv Natur Und Tier-Verlag, Germany" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" title="Terrestrial- Breeding frogs (Strabomantidae) in Peru." year="2009">Duellman and Lehr 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Padial, JM" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="12" pageNumber="113" pagination="97 - 122" title="Integrative taxonomy reveals cryptic Amazonian species of Pristimantis (Anura: Strabomantidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00424.x" volume="155" year="2009">Padial and De La Riva 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Maciel, NM" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="12" pageNumber="113" pagination="43 - 56" title="A new species of Pristimantis (Anura: Strabomantidae) from the Brazilian Cerrado." volume="56" year="2012">Maciel et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
]; from
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. koehleri" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rank="species" species="koehleri">P. koehleri</taxonomicName>
|
||
by smooth belly skin (finely granular), absence of discoidal fold (present), rostrum subacuminate in dorsal and protruding in lateral view (acuminate in dorsal view and subacuminate in lateral view), vocalization composed by seven notes (four, five, six, seven and eight notes) [
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Padial, JM" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="12" pageNumber="113" pagination="97 - 122" title="Integrative taxonomy reveals cryptic Amazonian species of Pristimantis (Anura: Strabomantidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00424.x" volume="155" year="2009">Padial and De La Riva 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
]; from
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. samaipatae" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rank="species" species="samaipatae">P. samaipatae</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having whitish cream belly with black spots disposed randomly (immaculate), length of notes ranging from 31 to 45.91 ms (50 to 141 ms in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. samaipatae" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rank="species" species="samaipatae">P. samaipatae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) [
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Koehler, J" journalOrPublisher="Dissertation, Univ. Bonn" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" title="Amphibian diversity in Bolivia: a study with special reference to montane forest regions. Ph. D." year="2000">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Köhler">Koehler</normalizedToken>
|
||
2000
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Padial, JM" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="12" pageNumber="113" pagination="97 - 122" title="Integrative taxonomy reveals cryptic Amazonian species of Pristimantis (Anura: Strabomantidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00424.x" volume="155" year="2009">Padial and De La Riva 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
]; from
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. dundeei" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rank="species" species="dundeei">P. dundeei</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having smooth belly (areolate), presence of fringe in the fingers (absent), dorsolateral folds (absent), length of notes ranging from 31 to 45.91 ms (50 ms in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. dundeei" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rank="species" species="dundeei">P. dundeei</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="106" start="start">[</pageBreakToken>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Koehler, J" journalOrPublisher="Dissertation, Univ. Bonn" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" title="Amphibian diversity in Bolivia: a study with special reference to montane forest regions. Ph. D." year="2000">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Köhler">Koehler</normalizedToken>
|
||
2000
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Padial, JM" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="12" pageNumber="113" pagination="97 - 122" title="Integrative taxonomy reveals cryptic Amazonian species of Pristimantis (Anura: Strabomantidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00424.x" volume="155" year="2009">Padial and De La Riva 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
]; from
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. ventrigranulosus" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" rank="species" species="ventrigranulosus">P. ventrigranulosus</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having smooth belly skin (weakly areolate), dorsal tubercles (absent), presence of fringe in the fingers (weak or absent), dorsolateral fold present (absent), weak tarsal fold (prominent) [
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Maciel, NM" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="12" pageNumber="113" pagination="43 - 56" title="A new species of Pristimantis (Anura: Strabomantidae) from the Brazilian Cerrado." volume="56" year="2012">Maciel et al 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
]; from
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. zeuctotylus" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" rank="species" species="zeuctotylus">P. zeuctotylus</taxonomicName>
|
||
by a divided palmar tubercle (entire), whitish cream-colored belly with black spots disposed randomly and dark brown dorsum (black belly and bronze dorsum) [
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Lynch, JD" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington" pageId="12" pageNumber="113" pagination="424 - 439" title="Two species of Eleutherodactylus (Amphibia: Leptodactylidae) from northeastern South America." volume="90" year="1977">Lynch and Hoogmoed 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
]; from
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. chiastonotus" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" rank="species" species="chiastonotus">P. chiastonotus</taxonomicName>
|
||
for presenting basal webbing and fringe on the toes (absent), tarsal fold present (absent); snout subacuminate in dorsal view (acuminate), dorsal tubercles present (absent), vocalization composed by seven notes (one note) [
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Lynch, JD" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington" pageId="12" pageNumber="113" pagination="424 - 439" title="Two species of Eleutherodactylus (Amphibia: Leptodactylidae) from northeastern South America." volume="90" year="1977">Lynch and Hoogmoed 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="106">
|
||
The comparisons were restricted to these species because they present the highest morphological and acoustic similarity with the new species. Another important factor is the geographical range of the new species, which becomes the only one in its group occurring in the eastern state of
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pará">Para</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Brazil. The geographically-closest species are
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. zeuctotylus" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" rank="species" species="zeuctotylus">P. zeuctotylus</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. chiastonotus" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" rank="species" species="chiastonotus">P. chiastonotus</taxonomicName>
|
||
, north of
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pará">Para</normalizedToken>
|
||
, whereas the most genetically-close are
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. chiastonotus" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" rank="species" species="chiastonotus">P. chiastonotus</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the municipality of Monte Alegre in the state of
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pará">Para</normalizedToken>
|
||
and the lineage of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. fenestratus" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" rank="species" species="fenestratus">P. fenestratus</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Borba 1 in the state of Amazonas.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="108" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="107">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="107" start="start">Description</pageBreakToken>
|
||
of the holotype.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Adult female 40 mm SVL. Dorsal skin shagreened, absence of dorsal tubercles; smooth ventral skin, granular posterior surface of thighs; head longer (39% of the SVL) than wide; long snout, subacuminate in dorsal view and protruding in lateral view; concave canthus rostralis, flat loreal region; ovoid tongue covering the whole floor of the mouth; dentigerous process of vomer oblique and posterior to choanae; eye 78.9% of Distance from Eye to Nostril; elliptical pupil; absent supraocular tubercles; absent cranial crests; prominent supra tympanic fold, not contacting the eye; tympanic membrane 40% of ED, rounded, tympanic annulus prominent; relatively small hands, 26.25% of the SVL; relative length of fingers: II <IV <I <III; discs of Fingers III and IV are wider than fingers I and II; prominent, semi divided, heart-shaped external metacarpal tubercle; large internal palmar tubercle; one subarticular tubercle prominent on Fingers I and II, two prominent subarticular tubercles on fingers III and IV; supernumerary tubercles present at the base of fingers I, II and III; long legs, tibia 57% of the SVL; relative length of toes: I <II <V <III <IV; well developed and oval inner metatarsal tubercle; external metatarsal tubercle much smaller than the internal one; one subarticular tubercle on toes I and II; two subarticular tubercles on toes III and V; and three subarticular tubercles on toe IV; basal webbing and lateral fringes present on toes (weak); tarsal fold present.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Measurements of holotype (in mm). SVL: 40.0; HL: 15.6; HW: 14.5; SL: 7.9; DEN: 5.7; ID: 3.1; EL: 4.5; IoD: 3.9; EW: 3.6; TL: 1.8; AL: 8.9; HaL: 10.5; ThL: 20.5; TiL: 22.8; TaL: 11.9; FL: 18.9; LL: 30.3.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Color in life. Light brown dorsum with some black tubercles. Posterior and anterior limbs heavily barred dark brown. Weak labial bars. Black band extending from eye to tip of snout. Belly clear with some randomly scattered dark spots. Iris presents a yellowish coloration in the upper and lower part, whereas in the anterior and posterior region the color red is predominant.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Coloration in preservative. In alcohol, the coloration is predominantly brown in the dorsal region, whether male or female. The belly can be immaculate white or present dark spots arranged randomly. The dorsal band, present in some individuals, is white.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="108" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">
|
||
Variation (Figures 5 and 6). The males LZATM 197, LZATM 063 and LZATM 1339 have dorsal color light brown, while the males LZATM 818, LZATM 815, LZATM 816 and LZATM 1340 have dark brown dorsal and dorsolateral regions with more apparent brown bars. The ventral face of males may be immaculate white (LZATM 197, LZATM 816) or have black spots scattered around the belly and throat (LZATM 1339, LZA 063, LZATM 818, LZATM 815 and LZATM 1340). LZATM 1340 presents a heavily pigmented black throat, legs and arms with clear bars. Females have predominantly light brown dorsum, with weakly barred legs and arms of darker brown (LZATM 386, LZATM 467, LZATM 243, LZATM 360, LZATM 744, LZATM 281, LZATM 742, LZATM 748 and LZATM 751), while LZATM 230 and LZATM 358 have a darker coloration and a dorsal band from the face to the cloaca of yellow color (in life) and white (in alcohol). The latter individual has strongly barred legs and arms. Its belly is usually either immaculate white or with a few dark spots, but LZATM 277 has a belly and throat heavily black pigmented. The dorsal skin is smooth in most of the examined individuals,
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="108" start="start">although</pageBreakToken>
|
||
some specimens present a weakly shagreened texture: LZATM 358, LZATM 816, LZATM 63, LZATM 1339, LZATM 1340 and LZATM 467.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
|
||
Figure 5. Color variation in life of some individuals of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Pristimantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristimantis latro" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latro">Pristimantis latro</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. A holotype B, C paratypes of Anapu and D Altamira.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
|
||
Figure 6. Dorsal and ventral morphological variation of the type series of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Pristimantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristimantis latro" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latro">Pristimantis latro</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. A Females in dorsal view B Females in ventral view C Males in dorsal view and D Male in ventral view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
|
||
The specific epithet "
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P latro" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" rank="species" species="latro">latro</taxonomicName>
|
||
" (from the Latin
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P latro" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" rank="species" species="latro">latro</taxonomicName>
|
||
= mercenary, robber) refers to the common name generally attributed to the species of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Pristimantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristimantis" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pristimantis</taxonomicName>
|
||
- "Robber Frogs" - that exhibit a dark band on the snout, creating the illusion of a
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="robber’s">robber's</normalizedToken>
|
||
mask.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Distribution, ecology, and habitat.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Pristimantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristimantis latro" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latro">Pristimantis latro</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. has been recorded in the municipalities of Anapu, Senador Jose Porfirio, Altamira,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Medicilândia">Medicilandia</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Brasil Novo,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Uruará">Uruara</normalizedToken>
|
||
and Flona
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tapajós">Tapajos</normalizedToken>
|
||
regions located in the interfluves Xingu /
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tapajós">Tapajos</normalizedToken>
|
||
and Xingu / Tocantins - Araguaia in
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pará">Para</normalizedToken>
|
||
State, Brazil (Figure 7). It can be found in conserved areas of forests (Anapu, Flona do
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tapajós">Tapajos</normalizedToken>
|
||
) or with some environmental disturbance, e.g., forest fragments surrounded by pastures (Brasil Novo, Altamira and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Vitória">Vitoria</normalizedToken>
|
||
do Xingu). During the rainy/reproductive period, the males move up the vegetation to vocalize at a height of 1.5 m and in the dry period they can be found in the leaf litter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
|
||
Figure 7. Type locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Pristimantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristimantis latro" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latro">Pristimantis latro</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n., municipality of Anapu,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pará">Para</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Brazil (star). The circles represent the other localities where the new species was found. The square and the diamond represent the localities of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Pristimantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristimantis fenestratus" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fenestratus">Pristimantis fenestratus</taxonomicName>
|
||
used for the morphological and genetic comparisons. 1 Anapu (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-3.0825722">3°4'57.26"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-51.373795">51°22'25.67"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) 2 Senador
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Porfírio">Porfirio</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-2.5810082">2°34'51.63"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-51.937077">51°56'13.47"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) 3 Altamira (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-3.2235694">3°13'24.85"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-52.23965">52°14'22.74"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) 4
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Medicilândia">Medicilandia</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-3.4438696">3°26'37.93"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-52.89313">52°53'35.26"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) 5 Flona do
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tapajós">Tapajos</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-3.646961">3°38'49.06"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-55.196114">55°11'46.00"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) 6 Borba (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-4.4749665">4°28'29.88"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-59.70335">59°42'12.06"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) and 7 La Paz, Bolivia (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-16.40358">16°24'12.89"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-68.10283">68°6'10.20"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |