291 lines
35 KiB
XML
291 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document id="2178A8BEF1AB612877E06220908F7934" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.5332511" ID-ISSN="0374-1036" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5332511" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630171528931" checkinUser="diego" docAuthor="Roháček, Jindřich" docDate="2012" docId="FD152F06FF96CA3B1E9BFC47FC42C434" docLanguage="en" docName="ActaEntMusNatPra.2012.52.2.535-558.pdf" docOrigin="Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:E9BE312A6EDF9B84FC5211AAA80D80BF.10:ActaEntMusNatPra.2005-2016.journal_article" docStyleId="E9BE312A6EDF9B84FC5211AAA80D80BF" docStyleName="ActaEntMusNatPra.2005-2016.journal_article" docStyleVersion="10" docTitle="Pteremis fenestralis" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="546" masterDocId="012C577EFF93CA301F15FFF3FFD3C22F" masterDocTitle="Wing polymorphism in European species of Sphaeroceridae (Diptera)" masterLastPageNumber="558" masterPageNumber="535" pageNumber="540" updateTime="1699173134872" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="2B430CA6EE1F47FF774CA1ECF9E19585">
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<mods:title id="AE2E72A8FAABCA3D63872D992DAE212D">Wing polymorphism in European species of Sphaeroceridae (Diptera)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="0C57FFB72443E5C2283AD3420B9519BF" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="474CE5E85CBDE5578AB15F87035F6694">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="4179354E30EE992BB5A3AF2A425F9811">Roháček, Jindřich</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="710516F1F318331184B30E32D63C39E0">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="E7567015AE28D8B016B3B08428734341">Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="99B915A170AE54119138353CA3D96BCD">
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<mods:date id="887161CC567758398524DD53F41A97E9">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="970848E068141EB85827F2FF328F3B56" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="9D371429E08E3803A61C32C430896226">2012-12-17</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="98BC2D58C77FA3D52C4DA8F6367F41DE" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="B6B480039E9A7EDA696AF2E7A36C5A6E">52</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="6D29B475AB00C934BC87E810EF532091" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="7ABFFB3161D7F78DFEB727C64708FD7A">2</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="9194870DDBEB887FB2CB6C8DBB93CD2F">535</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="68FD06FE6208DCE8E7A79AFC0184D96B">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="CCE69494FDAF0CEC10C521BECFF461B7" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.5332511</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="5A186802E6B110AD8473F61DA1D451B2" type="ISSN">0374-1036</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="FA9953F08D730C6621CCC0D038094510" type="Zenodo-Dep">5332511</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="FD152F06FF96CA3B1E9BFC47FC42C434" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FD152F06FF96CA3B1E9BFC47FC42C434" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FD152F06FF96CA3B1E9BFC47FC42C434" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="546" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">
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<subSubSection id="3DA6CD9BFF96CA351E9BFC47FCF0C1E3" box="[398,803,947,972]" pageId="5" pageNumber="540" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="75039E10FF96CA351E9BFC47FCF0C1E3" blockId="5.[398,803,947,972]" box="[398,803,947,972]" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">
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<heading id="2E4B297CFF96CA351E9BFC47FCF0C1E3" bold="true" box="[398,803,947,972]" centered="true" fontSize="8" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="540" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="47C84202FF96CA351E9BFC47FCF0C1E3" bold="true" box="[398,803,947,972]" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">
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4.
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<taxonomicName id="B2BCE593FF96CA351EBCFC47FCF0C1E3" ID-CoL="78LDH" authority="(Fallen, 1820)" baseAuthorityName="Fallen" baseAuthorityYear="1820" box="[425,803,947,972]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Pteremis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="540" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fenestralis">
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<emphasis id="47C84202FF96CA351EBCFC47FD51C1E3" bold="true" box="[425,642,947,972]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">Pteremis fenestralis</emphasis>
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(Fallén, 1820)
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3DA6CD9BFF96CA351D00FC20FD4EC1C9" box="[533,669,979,998]" pageId="5" pageNumber="540" type="description">
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<paragraph id="75039E10FF96CA351D00FC20FD4EC1C9" blockId="5.[113,1090,979,1600]" box="[533,669,979,998]" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">
|
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(
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<figureCitation id="ED878295FF96CA351D0EFC20FD84C1C9" box="[539,599,979,998]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[151,190,1230,1249]" captionTargetBox="[183,1094,218,1202]" captionTargetId="figure-11@2.[183,1095,217,1202]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 1–4. Wing polymorphic Sphaeroceridae. 1 – Crumomyia pedestris (Meigen, 1830), brachypterous male, body length 3.4 mm (Czech Republic: Úvalenské louky res. nr. Krnov); 2 – Pteremis fenestralis (Fallén, 1820), brachypterous male, body length 1.5 mm (Czech Republic: Jizerské hory Mts.– Jizerka); 3–4 – Pullimosina (Pullimosina) meijerei (Duda, 1918): 3 – macropterous female, body length 1.6 mm (Slovakia: Muránska planina Mts. – Šarkanica res.); 4 – male with ambiguous wings, body length 1.45 mm (Slovakia: Muránska planina Mts. – Bobačka cave env.). Photos by J. Roháček." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5332513" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5332513/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="ED878295FF96CA351D74FC20FD44C1C9" box="[609,663,979,998]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="8.[151,190,1489,1508]" captionTargetBox="[151,1125,220,1349]" captionTargetId="figure-11@8.[151,1126,219,1352]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figs.18–22. Pteremis fenestralis (Fallén, 1820), female wings. 18 – macropterous; 19 – atypical brachypterous with dm-cu present; 20 – typical brachypterous (= Borborus nivalis Haliday, 1833); 21 – brachypterous with terminal part of R2+3 lost; 22 – strongly brachypterous (all Czech Republic: Hrubý Jeseník Mts.– Rejvíz res.). Scale: 0.5 mm. Photo by J. Roháček." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5332523" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5332523/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">18–22</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3DA6CD9BFF96CA3B1F64FC0FFC42C434" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="546" pageId="5" pageNumber="540" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="75039E10FF96CA351F64FC0FFE2AC410" blockId="5.[113,1090,979,1600]" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">
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<emphasis id="47C84202FF96CA351F64FC0FFEF7C63F" bold="true" box="[113,292,1020,1040]" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">Material examined.</emphasis>
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About 1,000 specimens (378 JJ
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<specimenCount id="63BA5599FF96CA351D5CFC0FFD5EC620" box="[585,653,1014,1039]" pageId="5" pageNumber="540" type="female">630 ♀♀</specimenCount>
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, with only 14 JJ
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<specimenCount id="63BA5599FF96CA351C3BFC0EFCBBC620" box="[814,872,1014,1040]" pageId="5" pageNumber="540" type="female">32 ♀♀</specimenCount>
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brachypterous, rest macropterous) from Czech Republic and Slovakia – localities listed by
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<bibRefCitation id="112DE3E1FF96CA351DB1FBEBFCFBC605" author="ROHACEK J." box="[676,808,1047,1067]" pageId="5" pageNumber="540" pagination="145 - 160" refId="ref9752" refString="ROHACEK J. 1980: Sphaeroceridae (Diptera) collected by the soil trap method in submountaine areas of North Moravia (Czechoslovakia). Casopis Slezskeho Muzea, Opava (A) 29: 145 - 160." type="journal article" year="1980">ROHÁČEK (1980</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="112DE3E1FF96CA351C25FBE4FC8EC605" author="ROHACEK J." box="[816,861,1047,1066]" pageId="5" pageNumber="540" pagination="97 - 131" refId="ref9826" refString="ROHACEK J. 1984: Acalyptrate Diptera of peat-bogs in North Moravia (Czechoslovakia). Part 6. Sphaeroceridae. Casopis Slezskeho Muzea, Opava (A) 33: 97 - 131." type="journal article" year="1984">1984</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="112DE3E1FF96CA351C71FBE4FC42C605" author="ROHACEK J." box="[868,913,1047,1066]" pageId="5" pageNumber="540" pagination="149 - 164" refId="ref9861" refString="ROHACEK J. 1986: Celad Sphaeroceridae. Pp. 149 - 164. In: CEPELAK J. (ed.): Diptera Slovenska II. Veda, Bratislava, 435 pp (in Slovak)." type="book chapter" year="1986">1986</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="112DE3E1FF96CA351C8DFBE4FC16C605" author="ROHACEK J." box="[920,965,1047,1066]" pageId="5" pageNumber="540" pagination="163 - 171" refId="ref10020" refString="ROHACEK J. 1995: Sphaeroceridae. Pp. 163 - 171. In: ROHACEK J., STARY J., MARTINOVSKY J. & VALA M. (eds.): Diptera Bukovskych vrchov (Diptera of the Bukovske Hills). SAZP - Sprava CHKO a BR Vychodne Karpaty, Humenne, 232 pp (in Slovak, with English summary)." type="book chapter" year="1995">1995</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="112DE3E1FF96CA351CD8FBE4FBD1C605" author="ROHACEK J." box="[973,1026,1047,1066]" pageId="5" pageNumber="540" pagination="260 - 271" refId="ref10357" refString="ROHACEK J. 2009 a: Sphaeroceridae. Pp. 260 - 271. In: ROHACEK J. & SEVCIK J. (eds.): Diptera of the Polana Protected Landscape Area - Biosphere Reserve (Central Slovakia). SNC SR, Administration of the PLA - BR Polana, Zvolen, 340 pp." type="book chapter" year="2009">
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2009
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<bibRefCitation id="112DE3E1FF96CA351CECFBE4FBD1C605" author="MARSHALL S. A. & ROHACEK J. & DONG H. & BUCK M." box="[1017,1026,1047,1066]" pageId="5" pageNumber="540" pagination="217 - 298" refId="ref9319" refString="MARSHALL S. A., ROHACEK J., DONG H. & BUCK M. 2011: The state of Sphaeroceridae (Diptera: Acalyptratae): a world catalog update covering the years 2000 - 2010, with new generic synonymy, new combinations, and new distributions. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 51: 217 - 298." type="journal article" year="2011">a</bibRefCitation>
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</bibRefCitation>
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, 2011),
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<bibRefCitation id="112DE3E1FF96CA351F64FBC1FE80C66A" author="ROHACEK J. & BARTAK M." box="[113,339,1074,1093]" pageId="5" pageNumber="540" pagination="9 - 32" refId="ref10587" refString="ROHACEK J. & BARTAK M. 1999: Sphaeroceridae (Diptera) of peat-bogs in the Sumava Mts. (SW Bohemia, Czech Republic). Casopis Slezskeho Zemskeho Muzea, Opava (A) 48: 9 - 32." type="journal article" year="1999">ROHÁČEK & BARTÁK (1999</bibRefCitation>
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, 2001) and
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<bibRefCitation id="112DE3E1FF96CA351EACFBC1FDBEC66A" author="ROHACEK J. & BARTAK M. & KUBIK S." box="[441,621,1074,1093]" pageId="5" pageNumber="540" pagination="1 - 12" refId="ref10688" refString="ROHACEK J., BARTAK M. & KUBIK S. 1998: Diptera Acalyptrata of the Hranicni (Luzenska) slat peat-bog in the Sumava Mts. (Czech Republic). Casopis Slezskeho Zemskeho Muzea, Opava (A) 47: 1 - 12." type="journal article" year="1998">ROHÁČEK et al. (1998</bibRefCitation>
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, 2005). Additional localities.
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<emphasis id="47C84202FF96CA351C7EFBC2FC07C66A" bold="true" box="[875,980,1073,1093]" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">
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<collectingCountry id="0DABDE80FF96CA351C7EFBC2FC1CC66A" box="[875,975,1073,1093]" name="Finland" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">FINLAND</collectingCountry>
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:
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</emphasis>
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Helsinki (L. Tiensuu,
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<collectionCode id="13AD06D5FF96CA351FAAFBBEFF03C64F" box="[191,208,1101,1120]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">R</collectionCode>
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. Frey leg.), Kyrkslätt (
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<collectionCode id="13AD06D5FF96CA351E9EFBBEFE4FC64F" box="[395,412,1101,1120]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">R</collectionCode>
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. Frey leg.), Muonio (Sahlberg, Palmén leg.), Kajana (Hellén leg.), all in Zoological Museum, Helsinki.
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<emphasis id="47C84202FF96CA351E26FB95FDE8C655" bold="true" box="[307,571,1126,1146]" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">
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<collectingCountry id="0DABDE80FF96CA351E26FB95FE0DC655" box="[307,478,1126,1146]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">GREAT BRITAIN</collectingCountry>
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:
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<collectingCountry id="0DABDE80FF96CA351EF0FB94FDE0C656" box="[485,563,1127,1146]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">ENGLAND</collectingCountry>
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:
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</emphasis>
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Oxford, University park (J. Roháček leg.).
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<emphasis id="47C84202FF96CA351CB6FB95FBD9C655" bold="true" box="[931,1034,1126,1146]" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">
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<collectingCountry id="0DABDE80FF96CA351CB6FB95FBD5C655" box="[931,1030,1126,1146]" name="Austria" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">AUSTRIA</collectingCountry>
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:
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</emphasis>
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<collectingRegion id="B77850F2FF96CA351B18FB94FBEEC655" box="[1037,1085,1127,1146]" country="Austria" name="Tirol" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">Tyrol</collectingRegion>
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, Obergurgl Mt. (H. Troger leg.), Hohe Tauern, Badgastein (H. Stockner leg), in Zoologisches Institut, Universität Innsbruck.
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<emphasis id="47C84202FF96CA351FC7FB6FFE41C69F" bold="true" box="[210,402,1180,1200]" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">
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||
<collectingCountry id="0DABDE80FF96CA351FC7FB6FFE41C69F" box="[210,402,1180,1200]" name="Czech Republic" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">CZECH REPUBLIC</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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(only examples of localities):
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<emphasis id="47C84202FF96CA351D8CFB6EFD3DC69F" bold="true" box="[665,750,1181,1200]" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">
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<collectingCountry id="0DABDE80FF96CA351D8CFB6EFD34C681" box="[665,743,1181,1200]" name="Czech Republic" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">BOHEMIA</collectingCountry>
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:
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</emphasis>
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Čistá u Sokolova (Dlabola leg.), Jelení u Karlových Var (Škaloudová leg.), Horská Kvilda, Ondřejov (M. Chvála, M. Barták leg.), Lipno nad Vltavou, Klášterec nr. Vimperk, Pěkná
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<quantity id="B24433F5FF96CA351E7AFB21FE4AC6CA" box="[367,409,1234,1253]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="540" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
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W, Doupovské hory – Lochotín (J. Roháček leg.), Žíšov – Doubí (J. Máca leg.),
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<collectingRegion id="B77850F2FF96CA351F64FB1FFF72C6D0" box="[113,161,1260,1279]" country="Czech Republic" name="Praha" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">Praha</collectingRegion>
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– Holešovice,
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<collectingRegion id="B77850F2FF96CA351E08FB1FFE9EC6D0" box="[285,333,1260,1279]" country="Czech Republic" name="Praha" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">Praha</collectingRegion>
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– Šárka, Jíloviště, Úvaly, Kunice,Velké Popovice,Veltrusy, Struhařov, Sokoleč, Třebotov, Předhrádí, Vlkov nad Lužnicí (all M. Barták leg.), Hluboká nad Vltavou, Lešany (I. Kovář leg.), Jizerské hory Mts. – Jizerka, Bohdaneč (B. Mocek leg.), Malý Pěčín, Palupín u Strmilova (J. Roháček leg.).
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<emphasis id="47C84202FF96CA351C7FFAD1FC6CC71A" bold="true" box="[874,959,1314,1333]" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">
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||
<collectingRegion id="B77850F2FF96CA351C7FFAD1FC6AC71B" box="[874,953,1314,1333]" country="Czech Republic" name="Jihomoravsky" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">MORAVIA</collectingRegion>
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:
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</emphasis>
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Řásná u Telče, Třešť, Brno, Moravský kras – Mariánské údolí, Nedvědice, Vranovská přehrada – Cornštejn, Lednice, Moravičany, Kouty nad Desnou, Bělá pod Pradědem, Nýznerov, Vidnava, Úvalenské louky nr. Krnov, Opava, Chvalíkovice nr. Opava, Klokočov, Bílé Karpaty – Radějov, Moravskoslezské Beskydy Mts. – Tanečnica Mt. (J. Roháček leg), Moravskoslezské Beskydy Mts. – Muřinkový vrch Mt. (M. Barták leg.), deposited in coll. Národní muzeum,
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<collectingRegion id="B77850F2FF96CA351B1FFA7FFBEEC7B0" box="[1034,1085,1420,1439]" country="Czech Republic" name="Praha" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">Praha</collectingRegion>
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; Slezské zemské muzeum, Opava; Muzeum Soběslav; Muzeum východních Čech; coll. M. Barták,
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<collectingRegion id="B77850F2FF96CA351CADFA54FC38C795" box="[952,1003,1447,1466]" country="Czech Republic" name="Praha" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">Praha</collectingRegion>
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||
.
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<emphasis id="47C84202FF96CA351CE6FA55FF72C7FA" bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">SLOVA- KIA:</emphasis>
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||
Štúrovo, Hegyfarok, Bieľ, Pribylina (M. Barták leg.), Stankovany nr. Kraľovany, Vysoké Tatry Mts.– Štrbské pleso, Vysoké Tatry Mts.– Velická dolina, Regetovka nr. Bardejov (J. Roháček leg.), coll. Slezské zemské muzeum, Opava and coll. M. Barták,
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||
<collectingRegion id="B77850F2FF96CA351E4BFA04FE42C425" box="[350,401,1527,1546]" country="Czech Republic" name="Praha" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">Praha</collectingRegion>
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||
.
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||
<emphasis id="47C84202FF96CA351E8CFA05FE29C425" bold="true" box="[409,506,1526,1546]" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0DABDE80FF96CA351E8CFA05FE25C425" box="[409,502,1526,1546]" name="Poland" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">POLAND</collectingCountry>
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||
:
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||
</emphasis>
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||
E. Poland: Bondary, Bialowieża – Budy
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||
<quantity id="B24433F5FF96CA351C4CFA04FC57C425" box="[857,900,1527,1546]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="540" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
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NE, Bialowieża
|
||
<quantity id="B24433F5FF96CA351B00FA04FB93C425" box="[1045,1088,1527,1546]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="540" unit="km" value="4.0">4 km</quantity>
|
||
S – Czerlon (J. Roháček leg.).
|
||
<emphasis id="47C84202FF96CA351E61F9E2FDF9C40A" bold="true" box="[372,554,1553,1573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0DABDE80FF96CA351E61F9E2FE31C40A" box="[372,482,1553,1573]" name="Romania" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">ROMANIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectionCode id="13AD06D5FF96CA351EFEF9E1FDF1C40B" box="[491,546,1554,1573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">BANAT</collectionCode>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Sfânta Elena 2.5 km NE (J. Roháček leg.).
|
||
<emphasis id="47C84202FF96CA351C8EF9E2FB93C40A" bold="true" box="[923,1088,1553,1573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0DABDE80FF96CA351C8EF9E2FC2BC40A" box="[923,1016,1553,1573]" name="Greece" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">GREECE</collectingCountry>
|
||
: PIERIA:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Olympos Mts. – Karyá env. (J. Roháček leg.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="21C3CE98FF95CA361F82FA07FC94C413" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5332517" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5332517" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5332517/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="541" startId="6.[151,190,1524,1543]" targetBox="[152,1093,219,1481]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="75039E10FF95CA361F82FA07FC94C413" blockId="6.[151,1130,1524,1597]" pageId="6" pageNumber="541">
|
||
Figs. 12–14.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2BCE593FF95CA361E1EFA06FD49C428" authority="(Collin, 1930)" baseAuthorityName="Collin" baseAuthorityYear="1930" box="[267,666,1524,1543]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Phthitia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="541" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinosa" subGenus="Collimosina">
|
||
<emphasis id="47C84202FF95CA361E1EFA06FE83C428" box="[267,336,1525,1543]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="541">Phthitia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="47C84202FF95CA361E4BFA06FE15C428" box="[350,454,1525,1543]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="541">Collimosina</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="47C84202FF95CA361EC0FA06FDC5C428" box="[469,534,1525,1543]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="541">spinosa</emphasis>
|
||
(Collin, 1930)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, female wings. 12 – macropterous (Czech Republic: Řásná nr. Telč); 13 – slightly brachypterous, with apical part of R
|
||
<subScript id="E9389C55FF95CA361DD7F9E8FD05C408" attach="left" box="[706,726,1563,1575]" fontSize="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="541">2+3</subScript>
|
||
lost; 14 – distinctly brachypterous (both Czech Republic: Úvalenské louky res. nr. Krnov). Scale: 0.5 mm. Photo by J. Roháček.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="21C3CE98FF94CA371F64FA1FFDEFC41B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5332521" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5332521" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5332521/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="542" startId="7.[113,152,1516,1535]" targetBox="[125,1077,219,1476]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="75039E10FF94CA371F64FA1FFDEFC41B" blockId="7.[113,1090,1516,1589]" pageId="7" pageNumber="542">
|
||
Figs.15–17.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2BCE593FF94CA371FCBFA1EFDDDC7D0" authority="(Richards, 1927)" baseAuthorityName="Richards" baseAuthorityYear="1927" box="[222,526,1516,1535]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Spelobia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="542" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manicata">
|
||
<emphasis id="47C84202FF94CA371FCBFA1EFEA8C7D0" box="[222,379,1517,1535]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="542">Spelobia manicata</emphasis>
|
||
(Richards, 1927)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male wings. 15 – macropterous (Czech Republic:Třešť); 16 – submacropterous (Czech Republic: Hrubý Jeseník Mts. – Kouty nad Desnou); 17 – brachypterous (Czech Republic: Třešť – Pouště). Scale: 0.5 mm. Photo by J. Roháček.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="21C3CE98FF9BCA381F82FA22FE9EC41B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5332523" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5332523" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5332523/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="543" startId="8.[151,190,1489,1508]" targetBox="[151,1125,220,1349]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="75039E10FF9BCA381F82FA22FE9EC41B" blockId="8.[151,1128,1489,1589]" pageId="8" pageNumber="543">
|
||
Figs.18–22.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2BCE593FF9BCA381E11FA21FDF9C7CB" authority="(Fallen, 1820)" baseAuthorityName="Fallen" baseAuthorityYear="1820" box="[260,554,1489,1508]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Pteremis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="543" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fenestralis">
|
||
<emphasis id="47C84202FF9BCA381E11FA21FE7EC7CB" box="[260,429,1490,1508]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="543">Pteremis fenestralis</emphasis>
|
||
(Fallén, 1820)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, female wings. 18 – macropterous; 19 – atypical brachypterous with dm-cu present; 20 – typical brachypterous (=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2BCE593FF9BCA381D31FA1EFCE4C7D0" authority="Haliday, 1833" authorityName="Haliday" authorityYear="1833" box="[548,823,1516,1535]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Borborus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="543" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nivalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="47C84202FF9BCA381D31FA1EFD67C7D0" box="[548,692,1517,1535]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="543">Borborus nivalis</emphasis>
|
||
Haliday, 1833
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 21 – brachypterous with terminal part of R
|
||
<subScript id="E9389C55FF9BCA381FF7F9E0FF26C430" attach="left" box="[226,245,1555,1567]" fontSize="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="543">2+3</subScript>
|
||
lost; 22 – strongly brachypterous (all Czech Republic: Hrubý Jeseník Mts.– Rejvíz res.). Scale: 0.5 mm. Photo by J. Roháček.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="21C3CE98FF9ACA391F64FC98FD09C1E5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5332525" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5332525" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5332525/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="544" startId="9.[113,152,875,894]" targetBox="[263,938,219,864]" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="75039E10FF9ACA391F64FC98FD09C1E5" blockId="9.[113,1090,875,971]" pageId="9" pageNumber="544">
|
||
Figs. 23–27.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2BCE593FF9ACA391FF5FC9FFD57C151" authority="(Duda, 1918)" baseAuthorityName="Duda" baseAuthorityYear="1918" box="[224,644,875,894]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Pullimosina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="544" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="meijerei" subGenus="Pullimosina">
|
||
<emphasis id="47C84202FF9ACA391FF5FC9FFE94C151" box="[224,327,876,894]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="544">Pullimosina</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="47C84202FF9ACA391E46FC9FFE69C151" box="[339,442,876,894]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="544">Pullimosina</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="47C84202FF9ACA391ED2FC9FFDDFC151" box="[455,524,876,894]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="544">meijerei</emphasis>
|
||
(Duda, 1918)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, wings. 23 – macropterous female (Czech Republic: Třešť); 24 – largest brachypterous female (Czech Republic: Kunětická hora Mt.); 25 – brachypterous male with part of CuA 1 lost; 26 – normal brachypterous male; 27 – brachypterous male with dm-cu cross-vein lost (all Czech Republic: Lednice – Kančí obora). Scale: 0.5 mm. Photo by J. Roháček.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="21C3CE98FF9ACA391F66F9D6FF04C445" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5332529" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5332529" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5332529/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="544" startId="9.[115,154,1573,1592]" targetBox="[272,929,994,1563]" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="75039E10FF9ACA391F66F9D6FF04C445" blockId="9.[115,1089,1573,1643]" pageId="9" pageNumber="544">
|
||
Figs. 28–30.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2BCE593FF9ACA391FF3F9D5FD8DC417" authority="(Villeneuve, 1918)" baseAuthorityName="Villeneuve" baseAuthorityYear="1918" box="[230,606,1573,1592]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Puncticorpus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="544" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cribratum">
|
||
<emphasis id="47C84202FF9ACA391FF3F9D5FE67C417" box="[230,436,1574,1592]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="544">Puncticorpus cribratum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="112DE3E1FF9ACA391ED4F9D6FD8BC417" author="VILLENEUVE J." box="[449,600,1573,1592]" pageId="9" pageNumber="544" pagination="79 - 82" refId="ref11050" refString="VILLENEUVE J. 1918: Descriptions de deux especes nouvelles du genre Limosina (Leptocera) Macq. (Dipt.). Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique de France 1918: 79 - 82." type="journal article" year="1918">Villeneuve, 1918</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, wings. 28 – submacropterous (Hungary: Síkfőkút); 29 – medium brachypterous, 30 – extremely brachypterous (both Slovakia: Vihorlat Mts.– Stakčín env.). Photo by J. Roháček.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="21C3CE98FF99CA3A1F82FA1FFF39C446" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5332531" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5332531" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5332531/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="545" startId="10.[151,191,1516,1535]" targetBox="[154,1126,219,1387]" targetPageId="10">
|
||
<paragraph id="75039E10FF99CA3A1F82FA1FFF39C446" blockId="10.[151,1127,1516,1642]" pageId="10" pageNumber="545">
|
||
Figs. 31–34.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2BCE593FF99CA3A1E1EFA1EFD9DC7D0" authority="(Dahl, 1909)" baseAuthorityName="Dahl" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[267,590,1516,1535]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Spelobia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="545" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudonivalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="47C84202FF99CA3A1E1EFA1EFE05C7D0" box="[267,470,1517,1535]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="545">Spelobia pseudonivalis</emphasis>
|
||
(Dahl, 1909)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, wings. 31 – submacropterous male (Czech Republic: Nízký Jeseník Mts.– Slunečná Mt.); 32 – slightly brachypterous female (Czech Republic: Hrubý Jeseník – Kouty nad Desnou); 33 – typical brachypterous female (Czech Republic: Horní Benešov env.); 34 – strongly brachypterous female with dm-cu cross-vein lost (Czech Republic: Moravský kras – Babice). Scale: 0.5 mm. Photo by J. Roháček.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="21C3CE98FF98CA3B1F64FC27FC16C632" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5332533" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5332533" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5332533/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="546" startId="11.[113,152,980,999]" targetBox="[132,1085,219,962]" targetPageId="11">
|
||
<paragraph id="75039E10FF98CA3B1F64FC27FC16C632" blockId="11.[113,1089,980,1053]" pageId="11" pageNumber="546">
|
||
Figs. 35–37.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2BCE593FF98CA3B1FF4FC26FD80C1C7" authority="(Villeneuve, 1918)" baseAuthorityName="Villeneuve" baseAuthorityYear="1918" box="[225,595,980,1000]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Terrilimosina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="546" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="corrivalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="47C84202FF98CA3B1FF4FC26FE7FC1C8" box="[225,428,981,999]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="546">Terrilimosina corrivalis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="112DE3E1FF98CA3B1EA2FC27FD9EC1C7" author="VILLENEUVE J." box="[439,589,980,1000]" pageId="11" pageNumber="546" pagination="79 - 82" refId="ref11050" refString="VILLENEUVE J. 1918: Descriptions de deux especes nouvelles du genre Limosina (Leptocera) Macq. (Dipt.). Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique de France 1918: 79 - 82." type="journal article" year="1918">Villeneuve, 1918</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male wings. 35 – almost macropterous (Romania: Banat, Sfânta Elena – Kulhavá skála); 36 – usual brachypterous (Slovakia: Bukovské vrchy Mts.– Stužica res.); 37 – strongly brachypterous (Slovakia: Poľana Mts.– Hrončecký Grúň res.). Scale: 0.5 mm. Photo by J. Roháček.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="75039E10FF98CA3B1F85FB50FC42C434" blockId="11.[113,1092,1187,1563]" pageId="11" pageNumber="546">
|
||
A typical wing polymorphic species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="112DE3E1FF98CA3B1D36FB50FD1AC694" author="HACKMAN W." box="[547,713,1187,1211]" pageId="11" pageNumber="546" pagination="73 - 93" refId="ref9297" refString="HACKMAN W. 1964: On reduction and loss of wings in Diptera. Notulae Entomologicae 44: 73 - 93." type="journal article" year="1964">HACKMAN 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) but this phenomenon seems to be restricted only to North European and some, usually montane, Central European populations. The brachypterous form of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2BCE593FF98CA3B1E9EFB17FDDCC6D4" baseAuthorityName="Fallen" baseAuthorityYear="1820" box="[395,527,1252,1275]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Pteremis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="546" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fenestralis">
|
||
<emphasis id="47C84202FF98CA3B1E9EFB17FDDCC6D4" box="[395,527,1252,1275]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="546">P. fenestralis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
had long been considered a different species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2BCE593FF98CA3B1CF1FB17FEB5C734" authority="(Haliday, 1833)" baseAuthorityName="Haliday" baseAuthorityYear="1833" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Pteremis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="546" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nivalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="47C84202FF98CA3B1CF1FB17FF6BC734" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="546">Pteremis nivalis</emphasis>
|
||
(Haliday, 1833)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="112DE3E1FF98CA3B1E8EFAF0FDE1C734" author="COLLIN J. E." box="[411,562,1283,1307]" pageId="11" pageNumber="546" pagination="172 - 178" refId="ref9231" refString="COLLIN J. E. 1956: Some new British Borboridae (Diptera). Journal of the Society for British Entomology 5 (5): 172 - 178." type="journal article" year="1956">COLLIN (1956)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
was the first to recognize its conspecificity with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2BCE593FF98CA3B1B38FAF7FF0DC714" baseAuthorityName="Fallen" baseAuthorityYear="1820" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Pteremis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="546" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fenestralis">
|
||
<emphasis id="47C84202FF98CA3B1B38FAF7FF0DC714" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="546">P. fenestralis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Also
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2BCE593FF98CA3B1E0BFAD7FDB5C714" authority="Frey, 1946" authorityName="Frey" authorityYear="1946" box="[286,614,1315,1340]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Pteremis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="546" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subabterus">
|
||
<emphasis id="47C84202FF98CA3B1E0BFAD7FE21C714" box="[286,498,1316,1339]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="546">Pteremis subabterus</emphasis>
|
||
Frey, 1946
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was found to be another short-winged form of this species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="112DE3E1FF98CA3B1FE1FAB0FE44C774" author="HACKMAN W." box="[244,407,1347,1371]" pageId="11" pageNumber="546" pagination="73 - 93" refId="ref9297" refString="HACKMAN W. 1964: On reduction and loss of wings in Diptera. Notulae Entomologicae 44: 73 - 93." type="journal article" year="1964">HACKMAN 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The percentage of the brachypterous specimens clearly increases in more northern latitudes or higher altitudes (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="112DE3E1FF98CA3B1D5CFA90FD27C754" author="ROHACEK J." box="[585,756,1379,1403]" pageId="11" pageNumber="546" pagination="196 - 207" refId="ref9644" refString="ROHACEK J. 1975 b: Die Flugelpolymorphie bei den europaischen Sphaeroceridenarten und Taxonomie der Limosina heteroneura-Gruppe (Diptera). Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca 72: 196 - 207." type="journal article" year="1975">ROHÁČEK 1975b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The venation of brachypterous forms strongly vary in some populations (
|
||
<figureCitation id="ED878295FF98CA3B1D29FA70FD13C7B4" box="[572,704,1411,1435]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="8.[151,190,1489,1508]" captionTargetBox="[151,1125,220,1349]" captionTargetId="figure-11@8.[151,1126,219,1352]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figs.18–22. Pteremis fenestralis (Fallén, 1820), female wings. 18 – macropterous; 19 – atypical brachypterous with dm-cu present; 20 – typical brachypterous (= Borborus nivalis Haliday, 1833); 21 – brachypterous with terminal part of R2+3 lost; 22 – strongly brachypterous (all Czech Republic: Hrubý Jeseník Mts.– Rejvíz res.). Scale: 0.5 mm. Photo by J. Roháček." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5332523" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5332523/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="546">Figs. 19–22</figureCitation>
|
||
), which enabled speculation on the general trends in the modification of venation during the evolution of brachypterous species (see below).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2BCE593FF98CA3B1FEAFA37FE58C7F4" baseAuthorityName="Fallen" baseAuthorityYear="1820" box="[255,395,1476,1499]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Pteremis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="546" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fenestralis">
|
||
<emphasis id="47C84202FF98CA3B1FEAFA37FE58C7F4" box="[255,395,1476,1499]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="546">P. fenestralis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
chiefly lives in mosses,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2BCE593FF98CA3B1D88FA37FCDDC7F4" authorityName="C.Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[669,782,1476,1499]" class="Sphagnopsida" family="Sphagnaceae" genus="Sphagnum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sphagnales" pageId="11" pageNumber="546" phylum="Bryophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="47C84202FF98CA3B1D88FA37FCDDC7F4" box="[669,782,1476,1499]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="546">Sphagnum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and grass tufts in wet open habitats as well as damp forests. It is common in mountains but rare in lowlands, particularly in southern Europe where the populations seem to be purely macropterous.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |