399 lines
55 KiB
XML
399 lines
55 KiB
XML
<document id="D998DBC57DCE0FE3E7858BABCB8E84DA" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5073.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5760636" ID-ZooBank="AA3269D1-CA2F-4528-BC9D-3A4C75D05BD9" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1638780779946" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hennemann, Frank H." docDate="2021" docId="03DB87EEFFEA9D4AFF405F05FB29F6AE" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5073.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5073 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Gibbopromachus Hennemann 2021, n. gen." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="30" masterDocId="FFE2FF96FFF19D57FFD75E6AFFB3F318" masterDocTitle="Stick insects of Sulawesi, Peleng and the Sula Islands, Indonesia- a review including checklists of species and descriptions of new taxa (Insecta: Phasmatodea)" masterLastPageNumber="189" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="28" updateTime="1699440922528" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="2E483BBA2B04515017DCD4DEAD979109" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="3A8A4F46DD8318FAE31A7CEABF317ADF">
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<mods:title id="FEC72153D68E531A88979289F68DC3B4">Stick insects of Sulawesi, Peleng and the Sula Islands, Indonesia- a review including checklists of species and descriptions of new taxa (Insecta: Phasmatodea)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="2BC30196CCCA8D25947B4EDD535C142F" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="5FD6CFF097646F1B5D69D7C058425AE8">
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<mods:roleTerm id="DF0AE773B1B67E32C801C3A756CF5A78">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="727FE84C6C9DA8CA02CCFA21268BFB79">Hennemann, Frank H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="6A00713A3B396ED4DF88311FBBB2FE52">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="440064D8ADD3F4EA56189ABC71061A4F">
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<mods:title id="C2C1BA610AB9458207FEE64BC29A0EEC">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="37994C840692AEAFCD7C5993B290042F">
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<mods:date id="F946283DF0DED0BA477AAF4C9028ED96">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="F8BF575A0D442FE6E6B6FF667858214F" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="5BC3F089A0A1DD8DA813154E2307E348">2021-12-06</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="D08CC8C3AF02CBF8665D61CFEE99F34E" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="3DBDF9E85A58956B5287E01504ACC34C">5073</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="0FB353AD39EF620265DAFA751F46D1E2" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="8AD595273310A34EEBAE990C69E124F3">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="BB0D6491ED18A41BCEEC5B74BF69F893">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="11DF6DABC090F11DBBD1264607BD417F">189</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="A02D0FA4484FAD72100D6239E6A8A649">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="1316AF045D614EEE30EB2E2AC69695C5" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5073.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="9D54800D43376FFAE57CE04C2B4E8B5D" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03DB87EEFFEA9D4AFF405F05FB29F6AE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5760626" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5760626" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DB87EEFFEA9D4AFF405F05FB29F6AE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DB87EEFFEA9D4AFF405F05FB29F6AE" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<subSubSection id="C3686573FFEA9D4CFF405F05FDABF291" box="[151,536,367,394]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFEA9D4CFF405F05FDABF291" blockId="27.[151,536,367,429]" box="[151,536,367,394]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFEA9D4CFF405F05FDABF291" bold="true" box="[151,536,367,394]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFEA9D4CFF395F05FE0CF292" authority="Hennemann, 2021" authorityName="Hennemann" authorityYear="2021" box="[238,447,367,394]" class="Insecta" family="Heteropterygidae" genus="Gibbopromachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFEA9D4CFF395F05FE0CF292" bold="true" box="[238,447,367,394]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Gibbopromachus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2355791FFEA9D4CFE115F05FDABF291" box="[454,536,367,393]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3686573FFEA9D4CFF405FF9FBA6F2F2" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFEA9D4CFF405FF9FF49F2B5" blockId="27.[151,536,367,429]" box="[151,250,403,429]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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(
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||
<figureCitation id="13492A7DFFEA9D4CFF775FF9FF42F2B5" box="[160,241,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1691,1715]" captionTargetBox="[164,1420,183,1655]" captionTargetId="figure-20@28.[151,1435,181,1667]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 12. Gibbopromachus tripinnatus (Redtenbacher, 1908) n. gen., n. comb., A–E ♀, holotype [NHMW], F–G egg extracted from ovipositor of holotype (operclum missing) [NHMW]: A. Habitus in dorsal view; B. Habitus in lateral view; C. Terminal abdominal segments in lateral view; D. Terminal abdominal segments in dorsal view; E. Terminal abdominal segments in ventral view; F. Egg, dorsal view; G. Egg, lateral view. © 2019 Natural History Museum Vienna, NOaS Image Collection / H. Bruckner." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5760666" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5760666/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFEA9D4CFF405FB8FBA6F2F2" blockId="27.[151,1045,466,490]" box="[151,1045,466,490]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFEA9D4CFF405FB8FE94F2F2" bold="true" box="[151,295,466,490]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Type-species:</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFEA9D4CFEF95FB9FCACF2F2" authority="Redtenbacher, 1998: 352" authorityName="Redtenbacher" authorityPageNumber="352" authorityYear="1998" box="[302,799,466,490]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Pericentrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tripinnatus">
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<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFEA9D4CFEF95FB9FDA9F2F2" box="[302,538,467,490]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Pericentrus tripinnatus</emphasis>
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Redtenbacher, 1998: 352
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</taxonomicName>
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, by present designation.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3686573FFEA9D4CFF405C7AFEC1F15E" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFEA9D4CFF405C7AFDC2F130" blockId="27.[151,634,527,674]" box="[151,625,527,552]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFEA9D4CFF405C7AFDA2F13F" authority="Redtenbacher, 1908: 352" authorityName="Redtenbacher" authorityPageNumber="352" authorityYear="1908" box="[151,529,527,552]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Pericentrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFEA9D4CFF405C7AFEBEF13F" box="[151,269,528,551]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Pericentrus</emphasis>
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Redtenbacher, 1908: 352
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</taxonomicName>
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(in part).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFEA9D4CFF105C44FEC1F15E" blockId="27.[151,634,527,674]" box="[199,370,558,582]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE34B09FFEA9D4CFF105C44FEDDF15E" author="Brock, P. D." box="[199,366,558,582]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="5 - 72" refId="ref125596" refString="Brock, P. D. (1998) Catalogue of type specimens of Stick and Leaf-Insects in the Naturhistorisches Museum Wien (Insecta: Phasmida). Kataloge der wissenschaftlichen Sammlungen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 13 (5), 5 - 72." type="journal article" year="1998">Brock, 1998: 63</bibRefCitation>
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.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3686573FFEA9D4CFF105C27FE78F19B" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFEA9D4CFF105C27FE09F17D" blockId="27.[151,634,527,674]" box="[199,442,589,613]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE34B09FFEA9D4CFF105C27FE05F17D" author="Hennemann, F. H." box="[199,438,589,613]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="95 - 128" refId="ref126862" refString="Hennemann, F. H. (1998) Ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Phasmidenfauna von Sulawesi. Mit einem Katalog der bisher bekanntgewordenen Arten. Mitteilungen des Museums fur Naturkunde Berlin, Zoologische Reihe, 74 (1), 95 - 128. https: // doi. org / 1010.1002 / mmnz. 19980740109" type="journal article" year="1998">Hennemann, 1998: 119</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFEA9D4CFF105C06FE78F19B" blockId="27.[151,634,527,674]" box="[199,459,619,644]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE34B09FFEA9D4CFF105C06FE74F19B" author="Otte, D. & Brock, P." box="[199,455,619,644]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refId="ref128195" refString="Otte, D. & Brock, P. (2005) Phasmid Species File. Catalog of Stick and Leaf Insects of the World. 2 nd Edition. CafePress. com, The Insect Diversity Association and the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 414 pp." type="book" year="2005">Otte & Brock, 2005: 259</bibRefCitation>
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.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3686573FFEA9D4CFF405CE0FDC9F1BA" box="[151,634,650,674]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFEA9D4CFF405CE0FDC9F1BA" blockId="27.[151,634,527,674]" box="[151,634,650,674]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6211D6FFEA9D4CFF405CE0FDC9F1BA" box="[151,634,650,674]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AD310E9FFEA9D4CFF405CE0FE45F1BA" author="Gunther, K." box="[151,502,650,674]" page="58" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1938">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFEA9D4CFF405CE0FE45F1BA" authority=", Gunther, 1938: 58" authorityName="Gunther" authorityPageNumber="58" authorityYear="1938" box="[151,502,650,674]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Neopromachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFEA9D4CFF405CE0FE9CF1BA" box="[151,303,650,674]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Neopromachus</emphasis>
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||
,
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE34B09FFEA9D4CFEEB5CE0FE45F1BA" author="Gunther, K." box="[316,502,650,674]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="54 - 92" refId="ref126636" refString="Gunther, K. (1938) Orthoptera Celebica Sarasiniana, II. Phasmoidae. Verhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft Basel, 49, 54 - 92." type="journal article" year="1938">Günther, 1938: 58</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, 82 (in part).
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3686573FFEA9D4AFF405CA1FD58F2B5" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="diagnosis">
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||
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFEA9D4CFF405CA1FBEAF5EE" blockId="27.[151,1437,715,2027]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFEA9D4CFF405CA1FEA7F1FD" bold="true" box="[151,276,715,741]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B1A3CA5FFEA9D4CFECA5CA6FBE6F5EE" collectionCode="II, VI, VII, VIII, III, IX" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<specimenCount id="9D74FD71FFEA9D4CFECA5CA6FE81F1FE" box="[285,306,716,742]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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(
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<figureCitation id="13492A7DFFEA9D4CFE935CA1FE22F1FD" box="[324,401,715,741]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1691,1715]" captionTargetBox="[164,1420,183,1655]" captionTargetId="figure-20@28.[151,1435,181,1667]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 12. Gibbopromachus tripinnatus (Redtenbacher, 1908) n. gen., n. comb., A–E ♀, holotype [NHMW], F–G egg extracted from ovipositor of holotype (operclum missing) [NHMW]: A. Habitus in dorsal view; B. Habitus in lateral view; C. Terminal abdominal segments in lateral view; D. Terminal abdominal segments in dorsal view; E. Terminal abdominal segments in ventral view; F. Egg, dorsal view; G. Egg, lateral view. © 2019 Natural History Museum Vienna, NOaS Image Collection / H. Bruckner." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5760666" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5760666/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig.12</figureCitation>
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). Fairly small (body length 78.0 mm) and stocky
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<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFEA9D4CFC035CA1FBD5F1FD" box="[980,1126,715,741]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Lonchodinae">Lonchodinae</taxonomicName>
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with very prominent body armature, a strongly swollen mesothorax and a bird-beak like ovipositor. General colour brown with a reddish longitudinal median stripe along most of dorsal body surface. Head and entire body armed with large and strong but obtuse spines of variable sizes (
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<figureCitation id="13492A7DFFEA9D4CFDF15D59FD08F055" box="[550,699,819,845]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1691,1715]" captionTargetBox="[164,1420,183,1655]" captionTargetId="figure-20@28.[151,1435,181,1667]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 12. Gibbopromachus tripinnatus (Redtenbacher, 1908) n. gen., n. comb., A–E ♀, holotype [NHMW], F–G egg extracted from ovipositor of holotype (operclum missing) [NHMW]: A. Habitus in dorsal view; B. Habitus in lateral view; C. Terminal abdominal segments in lateral view; D. Terminal abdominal segments in dorsal view; E. Terminal abdominal segments in ventral view; F. Egg, dorsal view; G. Egg, lateral view. © 2019 Natural History Museum Vienna, NOaS Image Collection / H. Bruckner." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5760666" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5760666/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs. 12A–B</figureCitation>
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). Head slightly longer than wide, globose with the vertex roundly convex and armed with several prominent coronal spines; another strong pair of spines on frons. Antennae slender, reaching to abdominal segment
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<collectionCode id="ED63AE3DFFEA9D4CFE2A5D13FDA3F08B" box="[509,528,889,915]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">II</collectionCode>
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and consisting of about 35 antennomeres; scapus compressed dorsoventrally and somewhat deflexed laterally, pedicellus cylindrical, following increasing in length, the antennomeres in median section of antennae extremely elongated, the apical ten or so suddenly much shorter. Antennomere XIV with a shiny, knob-like sub-basal dorsal swelling; the elongated median antennomeres with apex thickened and gently curved. Pronotum notably shorter and narrower than head with a prominent, impressed transverse sulcus and at least a pair of strong spines in posterior half. Mesothorax almost 4x longer than prothorax, gently down-curving, very strongly swollen medially with the mesonotum very prominently raised and humped (
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<figureCitation id="13492A7DFFEA9D4CFC3A5A22FB32F77B" box="[1005,1153,1096,1123]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1691,1715]" captionTargetBox="[164,1420,183,1655]" captionTargetId="figure-20@28.[151,1435,181,1667]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 12. Gibbopromachus tripinnatus (Redtenbacher, 1908) n. gen., n. comb., A–E ♀, holotype [NHMW], F–G egg extracted from ovipositor of holotype (operclum missing) [NHMW]: A. Habitus in dorsal view; B. Habitus in lateral view; C. Terminal abdominal segments in lateral view; D. Terminal abdominal segments in dorsal view; E. Terminal abdominal segments in ventral view; F. Egg, dorsal view; G. Egg, lateral view. © 2019 Natural History Museum Vienna, NOaS Image Collection / H. Bruckner." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5760666" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5760666/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs. 12A–B</figureCitation>
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). Mesonotum armed with numerous very strong spines, mesopleurae with a marginal row of strong spines and a strong supra-coxal spine. Metanotum roughly 1/3 the length of mesonotum, about 1.6x longer than wide, almost rectangular and almost 2x longer than median segment; armed with two paired spines. Metapleurae principally like mesopleurae. Meso- and metasternum with several strong but short, paired spines. Abdomen longer than head and thorax combined. Median segment somewhat transverse. Segments
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<collectionCode id="ED63AE3DFFEA9D4CFDB05A9CFDCAF608" box="[615,633,1270,1296]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">II</collectionCode>
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||
–
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||
<collectionCode id="ED63AE3DFFEA9D4CFD5F5A9CFD16F608" box="[648,677,1270,1296]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">VI</collectionCode>
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||
decreasing,
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||
<collectionCode id="ED63AE3DFFEA9D4CFCE65A9CFCEBF608" box="[817,856,1270,1296]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">VII</collectionCode>
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||
and
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||
<collectionCode id="ED63AE3DFFEA9D4CFC595A9CFC0DF608" box="[910,958,1270,1296]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">VIII</collectionCode>
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||
increasing in length. Terga
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||
<collectionCode id="ED63AE3DFFEA9D4CFB235A9CFAB4F608" box="[1268,1287,1270,1296]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">II</collectionCode>
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||
and
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||
<collectionCode id="ED63AE3DFFEA9D4CFAEA5A9CFAD7F608" box="[1341,1380,1270,1296]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">VII</collectionCode>
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||
with four spines,
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<collectionCode id="ED63AE3DFFEA9D4CFEF25B73FEF2F62B" box="[293,321,1305,1331]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">III</collectionCode>
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||
–
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||
<collectionCode id="ED63AE3DFFEA9D4CFE875B73FEC4F62B" box="[336,375,1305,1331]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">VII</collectionCode>
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||
with the lateral margins deflexed into a large, almost semi-circular lobe and armed with six spines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13492A7DFFEA9D4CFF3C5B51FEE0F64D" box="[235,339,1339,1365]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1691,1715]" captionTargetBox="[164,1420,183,1655]" captionTargetId="figure-20@28.[151,1435,181,1667]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 12. Gibbopromachus tripinnatus (Redtenbacher, 1908) n. gen., n. comb., A–E ♀, holotype [NHMW], F–G egg extracted from ovipositor of holotype (operclum missing) [NHMW]: A. Habitus in dorsal view; B. Habitus in lateral view; C. Terminal abdominal segments in lateral view; D. Terminal abdominal segments in dorsal view; E. Terminal abdominal segments in ventral view; F. Egg, dorsal view; G. Egg, lateral view. © 2019 Natural History Museum Vienna, NOaS Image Collection / H. Bruckner." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5760666" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5760666/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 12A</figureCitation>
|
||
). All terga with a fine, longitudinal median carina. Sterna with paired spines,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED63AE3DFFEA9D4CFB7E5B56FB63F64E" box="[1193,1232,1340,1366]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">VII</collectionCode>
|
||
with Preopercular organ formed by two obtusely rounded swellings (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13492A7DFFEA9D4CFD145B34FC94F660" box="[707,807,1374,1400]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1691,1715]" captionTargetBox="[164,1420,183,1655]" captionTargetId="figure-20@28.[151,1435,181,1667]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 12. Gibbopromachus tripinnatus (Redtenbacher, 1908) n. gen., n. comb., A–E ♀, holotype [NHMW], F–G egg extracted from ovipositor of holotype (operclum missing) [NHMW]: A. Habitus in dorsal view; B. Habitus in lateral view; C. Terminal abdominal segments in lateral view; D. Terminal abdominal segments in dorsal view; E. Terminal abdominal segments in ventral view; F. Egg, dorsal view; G. Egg, lateral view. © 2019 Natural History Museum Vienna, NOaS Image Collection / H. Bruckner." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5760666" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5760666/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 12E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Terga
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED63AE3DFFEA9D4CFCAA5B34FC1EF660" box="[893,941,1374,1400]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">VIII</collectionCode>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED63AE3DFFEA9D4CFC365B34FC4CF660" box="[993,1023,1374,1400]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">IX</collectionCode>
|
||
with an obtuse posteromedian hump. Anal segment strongly narrowed and declining in lateral aspect (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13492A7DFFEA9D4CFCBB5BEAFC61F683" box="[876,978,1408,1435]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1691,1715]" captionTargetBox="[164,1420,183,1655]" captionTargetId="figure-20@28.[151,1435,181,1667]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 12. Gibbopromachus tripinnatus (Redtenbacher, 1908) n. gen., n. comb., A–E ♀, holotype [NHMW], F–G egg extracted from ovipositor of holotype (operclum missing) [NHMW]: A. Habitus in dorsal view; B. Habitus in lateral view; C. Terminal abdominal segments in lateral view; D. Terminal abdominal segments in dorsal view; E. Terminal abdominal segments in ventral view; F. Egg, dorsal view; G. Egg, lateral view. © 2019 Natural History Museum Vienna, NOaS Image Collection / H. Bruckner." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5760666" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5760666/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 12C</figureCitation>
|
||
), the apex strongly elongated into a very long and straight, lanceolate projection (apex broken in the unique
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C9885AFFEA9D4CFC455BC9FC44F6A5" box="[914,1015,1443,1469]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13492A7DFFEA9D4CFBD45BC9FBDFF6A5" box="[1027,1132,1443,1469]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1691,1715]" captionTargetBox="[164,1420,183,1655]" captionTargetId="figure-20@28.[151,1435,181,1667]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 12. Gibbopromachus tripinnatus (Redtenbacher, 1908) n. gen., n. comb., A–E ♀, holotype [NHMW], F–G egg extracted from ovipositor of holotype (operclum missing) [NHMW]: A. Habitus in dorsal view; B. Habitus in lateral view; C. Terminal abdominal segments in lateral view; D. Terminal abdominal segments in dorsal view; E. Terminal abdominal segments in ventral view; F. Egg, dorsal view; G. Egg, lateral view. © 2019 Natural History Museum Vienna, NOaS Image Collection / H. Bruckner." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5760666" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5760666/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 12D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Cerci very small, conical and gently compressed dorsoventrally. Epiproct very small, triangular and also concealed under apical projection of anal segment. Subgenital plate convex, strongly keeled longitudinally, bulgy in median portion (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13492A7DFFEA9D4CFB135B82FA9EF51B" box="[1220,1325,1512,1539]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1691,1715]" captionTargetBox="[164,1420,183,1655]" captionTargetId="figure-20@28.[151,1435,181,1667]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 12. Gibbopromachus tripinnatus (Redtenbacher, 1908) n. gen., n. comb., A–E ♀, holotype [NHMW], F–G egg extracted from ovipositor of holotype (operclum missing) [NHMW]: A. Habitus in dorsal view; B. Habitus in lateral view; C. Terminal abdominal segments in lateral view; D. Terminal abdominal segments in dorsal view; E. Terminal abdominal segments in ventral view; F. Egg, dorsal view; G. Egg, lateral view. © 2019 Natural History Museum Vienna, NOaS Image Collection / H. Bruckner." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5760666" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5760666/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 12 C</figureCitation>
|
||
) and with apex elongated into a lanceolate projection, that is not reaching the apex of the anal segment; apex obtusely angular (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13492A7DFFEA9D4CFF125844FE9FF550" box="[197,300,1582,1608]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1691,1715]" captionTargetBox="[164,1420,183,1655]" captionTargetId="figure-20@28.[151,1435,181,1667]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 12. Gibbopromachus tripinnatus (Redtenbacher, 1908) n. gen., n. comb., A–E ♀, holotype [NHMW], F–G egg extracted from ovipositor of holotype (operclum missing) [NHMW]: A. Habitus in dorsal view; B. Habitus in lateral view; C. Terminal abdominal segments in lateral view; D. Terminal abdominal segments in dorsal view; E. Terminal abdominal segments in ventral view; F. Egg, dorsal view; G. Egg, lateral view. © 2019 Natural History Museum Vienna, NOaS Image Collection / H. Bruckner." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5760666" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5760666/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 12E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Legs long and moderately slender, profemora a little longer than mesothorax, mesofemora slightly shorter than mesothorax and metafemora reaching to abdominal segment
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED63AE3DFFEA9D4CFC0F583BFC4AF573" box="[984,1017,1617,1643]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">VI</collectionCode>
|
||
. Profemora strongly compressed and curved basally. All femora trapezoidal in cross-section, distinctly carinate and on two outer carinae and posterodorsal carina with a prominent triangular lobe sub-apically. Medioventral carina obtuse. All tibiae slender and longer than corresponding femora, unarmed except for a distinct, rounded sub-basal lobe on medioventral carina. Basitarsi long and slender, somewhat longer than combined length of all remaining tarsomeres
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFEA9D4CFF105894FDDDF4F2" blockId="27.[151,1437,715,2027]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
Egg (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13492A7DFFEA9D4CFED25894FE29F400" box="[261,410,1790,1816]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1691,1715]" captionTargetBox="[164,1420,183,1655]" captionTargetId="figure-20@28.[151,1435,181,1667]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 12. Gibbopromachus tripinnatus (Redtenbacher, 1908) n. gen., n. comb., A–E ♀, holotype [NHMW], F–G egg extracted from ovipositor of holotype (operclum missing) [NHMW]: A. Habitus in dorsal view; B. Habitus in lateral view; C. Terminal abdominal segments in lateral view; D. Terminal abdominal segments in dorsal view; E. Terminal abdominal segments in ventral view; F. Egg, dorsal view; G. Egg, lateral view. © 2019 Natural History Museum Vienna, NOaS Image Collection / H. Bruckner." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5760666" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5760666/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs. 12F–G</figureCitation>
|
||
): The unique egg available from the ovipositor of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C9885AFFEA9D4CFBD05894FBDAF400" box="[1031,1129,1790,1816]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFEA9D4CFB455894FE9CF423" authority="(Redtenbacher, 1908)" authorityName="Hennemann" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Redtenbacher" baseAuthorityYear="1908" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Pericentrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tripinnatus" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFEA9D4CFB455894FA82F400" box="[1170,1329,1790,1816]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">G. tripinnatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Redtenbacher, 1908)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFEA9D4CFEE1594BFE28F423" bold="true" box="[310,411,1825,1851]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2355791FFEA9D4CFEE1594BFE28F423" box="[310,411,1825,1851]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rank="species">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
lacks the operculum. Moderately sized (length
|
||
<quantity id="4C8A9B1DFFEA9D4CFC7B594AFBB5F423" box="[940,1030,1824,1851]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
), ovoid about 1.7x longer than wide, notably higher than wide and oval in cross-section; the polar end slightly narrowed. Capsule surface minutely and evenly punctured, slightly glossy. General colour flecked with dull ochre and mid brown. Micropylar plate very elongate with anterior half parallel-sided and posterior half gently widened; covering more than ¾ the length of capsule. Micropylar cup small but well defined and placed some distance off posterior end in a narrow posteromedian gap of plate. Median line almost obsolete.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF0D6670FFED9D4BFF4058F1FEA9F45B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5760666" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5760666" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5760666/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" startId="28.[151,250,1691,1715]" targetBox="[164,1420,183,1655]" targetPageId="28">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFED9D4BFF4058F1FEA9F45B" blockId="28.[151,1437,1691,1859]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFED9D4BFF4058F1FE90F5AB" bold="true" box="[151,291,1691,1715]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">FIGURE 12.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFED9D4BFEFA58F1FC8FF5AB" authority="(Redtenbacher, 1908)" authorityName="Hennemann" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Redtenbacher" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[301,828,1691,1715]" class="Insecta" family="Heteropterygidae" genus="Gibbopromachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tripinnatus" status="n. gen., n. comb.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFED9D4BFEFA58F1FDE6F5AB" box="[301,597,1691,1715]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Gibbopromachus tripinnatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Redtenbacher, 1908)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFED9D4BFC9158F1FBB2F5AB" bold="true" box="[838,1025,1691,1715]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2355791FFED9D4BFC9158F1FBB2F5AB" box="[838,1025,1691,1715]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rank="species">n. gen., n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, A–E ♀, holotype [NHMW], F–G egg extracted from ovipositor of holotype (operclum missing) [NHMW]:
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFED9D4BFC8B58D5FCC7F5CF" bold="true" box="[860,884,1727,1751]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A.</emphasis>
|
||
Habitus in dorsal view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFED9D4BFBA758D5FB34F5CF" bold="true" box="[1136,1159,1727,1751]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">B.</emphasis>
|
||
Habitus in lateral view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFED9D4BFA5358D5FA2FF5CF" bold="true" box="[1412,1436,1727,1751]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">C.</emphasis>
|
||
Terminal abdominal segments in lateral view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFED9D4BFDB15889FDCCF5E3" bold="true" box="[614,639,1763,1787]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">D.</emphasis>
|
||
Terminal abdominal segments in dorsal view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFED9D4BFB865889FBDAF5E3" bold="true" box="[1105,1129,1763,1787]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">E.</emphasis>
|
||
Terminal abdominal segments in ventral view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFED9D4BFEE9596DFEE2F407" bold="true" box="[318,337,1799,1823]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">F.</emphasis>
|
||
Egg, dorsal view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFED9D4BFDC5596DFD9EF407" bold="true" box="[530,557,1799,1823]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">G.</emphasis>
|
||
Egg, lateral view. © 2019 Natural History Museum Vienna, NOaS Image Collection / H. Bruckner.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFED9D4AFF10591BFD58F2B5" blockId="28.[151,1436,1905,2040]" lastBlockId="29.[151,1437,151,718]" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFED9D4BFF10591BFE66F493" bold="true" box="[199,469,1905,1931]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Differential diagnosis:</emphasis>
|
||
Numerous morphological characters suggest close relation to the principally New Guinean genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFED9D4BFE9F59FFFD0FF4B7" authority="Giglio-Tos, 1912" authorityName="Giglio-Tos" authorityYear="1912" box="[328,700,1941,1967]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Neopromachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFED9D4BFE9F59FFFE42F4B7" box="[328,497,1941,1967]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Neopromachus</emphasis>
|
||
Giglio-Tos, 1912
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which also has a few representatives on the very eastern islands of Wallacea (e.g. Aru Islands) but east of Weber’s line; this is mainly the prominent spination of the head and body, as well as the bird-beak like secondary ovipositor of
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D74FD71FFED9D4BFD3159B4FCA1F4E0" box="[742,786,2014,2040]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
. Females of this new genus, the only sex known, however differ from those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFEC9D4AFEA05EFDFD93F3A9" authorityName="Giglio-Tos" authorityYear="1912" box="[375,544,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Neopromachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFEC9D4AFEA05EFDFD93F3A9" box="[375,544,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Neopromachus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the laterally lobed abdominal terga II–VII, strongly swollen and gibbose mesonotum, angular apex of the subgenital plate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13492A7DFFEC9D4AFD735ED1FCBBF3CD" box="[676,776,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1691,1715]" captionTargetBox="[164,1420,183,1655]" captionTargetId="figure-20@28.[151,1435,181,1667]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 12. Gibbopromachus tripinnatus (Redtenbacher, 1908) n. gen., n. comb., A–E ♀, holotype [NHMW], F–G egg extracted from ovipositor of holotype (operclum missing) [NHMW]: A. Habitus in dorsal view; B. Habitus in lateral view; C. Terminal abdominal segments in lateral view; D. Terminal abdominal segments in dorsal view; E. Terminal abdominal segments in ventral view; F. Egg, dorsal view; G. Egg, lateral view. © 2019 Natural History Museum Vienna, NOaS Image Collection / H. Bruckner." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5760666" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5760666/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 12E</figureCitation>
|
||
), considerably longer basitarsi that are longer than the corresponding remaining tarsomeres taken together and extremely elongated median antennomeres. Moreover, the egg is more ovoid and notably less elongate than all known eggs of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFEC9D4AFCB95F69FBA4F205" authorityName="Giglio-Tos" authorityYear="1912" box="[878,1047,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Neopromachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFEC9D4AFCB95F69FBA4F205" box="[878,1047,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Neopromachus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Within the Sulawesian fauna, the beak-like ovipositor resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFEC9D4AFE2E5F4DFD2DF259" authority="Hennemann, 2021" authorityName="Hennemann" authorityYear="2021" box="[505,670,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Heteropterygidae" genus="Paramanduria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFEC9D4AFE2E5F4DFD2DF259" box="[505,670,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Paramanduria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFEC9D4AFD715F4DFD45F259" bold="true" box="[678,758,295,321]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2355791FFEC9D4AFD715F4DFD45F259" box="[678,758,295,321]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, but the strong body armature, more globose head, strongly swollen mesonotum and lateral lobes of the abdominal terga readily distinguish this new genus. The strong body armature resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFEC9D4AFEAA5F05FC2DF291" authority="Brock & Hennemann, 2009" authorityName="Brock & Hennemann" authorityYear="2009" box="[381,926,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Acanthomenexenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFEC9D4AFEAA5F05FDE6F291" box="[381,597,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Acanthomenexenus</emphasis>
|
||
Brock & Hennemann, 2009
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFEC9D4AFC0F5F05FB2AF291" authority="Hennemann, 2021" authorityName="Hennemann" authorityYear="2021" box="[984,1177,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Heteropterygidae" genus="Gibbopromachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFEC9D4AFC0F5F05FB2AF291" box="[984,1177,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Gibbopromachus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFEC9D4AFB745F05FB40F291" bold="true" box="[1187,1267,367,393]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2355791FFEC9D4AFB745F05FB40F291" box="[1187,1267,367,393]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
readily differs from that genus by the morphology of the terminalia.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3686573FFEC9D4AFF105FDCFC3BF179" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFEC9D4AFF105FDCFC3BF179" blockId="29.[151,1437,151,718]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFEC9D4AFF105FDCFEE1F2C8" bold="true" box="[199,338,438,464]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Comments:</emphasis>
|
||
The true relationships of this striking new genus are still not fully known and require knowledge of the still unknown
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D74FD71FFEC9D4AFEA95FB1FE18F2ED" box="[382,427,475,501]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="male">♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
. Redtenbacher (1908: 352) originally placed this species in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFEC9D4AFB6D5FB1FE9EF101" authority="Redtenbacher, 1908" authorityName="Redtenbacher" authorityYear="1908" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Pericentrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFEC9D4AFB6D5FB1FA8EF2EC" box="[1210,1341,475,500]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Pericentrus</emphasis>
|
||
Redtenbacher, 1908
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which however is not closely related and geographically restricted to northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3657668FFEC9D4AFB195F95FABBF101" box="[1230,1288,511,537]" name="India" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3657668FFEC9D4AFA935F95FA2AF101" box="[1348,1433,511,537]" name="Bhutan" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Bhutan</collectingCountry>
|
||
. A discussion of and redescription of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFEC9D4AFDEB5C49FD0CF124" authorityName="Redtenbacher" authorityYear="1908" box="[572,703,547,572]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Pericentrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFEC9D4AFDEB5C49FD0CF124" box="[572,703,547,572]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Pericentrus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was presented by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE34B09FFEC9D4AFC435C49FAEDF125" author="Hennemann, F. H. & Conle, O. V. & Zhang, W. W." box="[916,1374,546,573]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="40 - 62" refId="ref127660" refString="Hennemann, F. H., Conle, O. V. & Zhang, W. W. (2008) Descriptions of a new genus and three new species of Phasmatodea from Southwest China (Insecta: Phasmatodea). Zootaxa, 1701 (1), 40 - 62. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1701.1.4" type="journal article" year="2008">Hennemann, Conle & Zhang (2008: 51)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, who already assumed close relation to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFEC9D4AFDC55C2DFC30F179" authority="Giglio-Tos, 1912" authorityName="Giglio-Tos" authorityYear="1912" box="[530,899,583,609]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Neopromachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFEC9D4AFDC55C2DFD08F179" box="[530,699,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Neopromachus</emphasis>
|
||
Giglio-Tos, 1912
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3686573FFEC9D4AFF105C01FC39F1B1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFEC9D4AFF105C01FC39F1B1" blockId="29.[151,1437,151,718]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFEC9D4AFF105C01FEE1F19D" bold="true" box="[199,338,619,645]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Etymology:</emphasis>
|
||
The name is a combination of “
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFEC9D4AFD1C5C01FCA5F19D" box="[715,790,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">gibbus</emphasis>
|
||
” (lat. = hump) and “
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFEC9D4AFBDC5C01FB35F19D" box="[1035,1158,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">promachus</emphasis>
|
||
” from the visually very similar looking genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFEC9D4AFE465CE5FCB1F1B1" authority="Giglio-Tos, 1912" authorityName="Giglio-Tos" authorityYear="1912" box="[401,770,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Neopromachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFEC9D4AFE465CE5FD89F1B1" box="[401,570,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Neopromachus</emphasis>
|
||
Giglio-Tos, 1912
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Masculine.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3686573FFEC9D4AFF105CD8FEC9F7C6" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFEC9D4AFF105CD8FDFCF1D6" blockId="29.[151,1437,151,718]" box="[199,591,690,718]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFEC9D4AFF105CD8FED0F1D4" bold="true" box="[199,355,690,716]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Distribution:</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B6F81AFFEC9D4AFEBD5CD9FE7CF1D5" box="[362,463,691,717]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
|
||
(endemic).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFEC9D4AFF405C90FED6F00C" blockId="29.[151,357,762,788]" box="[151,357,762,788]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFEC9D4AFF405C90FED6F00C" bold="true" box="[151,357,762,788]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Species included:</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFEC9D4AFF405D29FE2EF0BD" blockId="29.[151,1437,834,1005]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
1.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFEC9D4AFF115D28FCFCF045" authority="(Redtenbacher, 1908: 352)" authorityName="Hennemann" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Redtenbacher" baseAuthorityPageNumber="352" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[198,847,834,861]" class="Insecta" family="Heteropterygidae" genus="Gibbopromachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tripinnatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFEC9D4AFF115D28FDA4F045" bold="true" box="[198,535,834,861]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Gibbopromachus tripinnatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Redtenbacher, 1908: 352)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFEC9D4AFCB55D29FC56F044" authorityName="Redtenbacher" authorityYear="1908" box="[866,997,835,860]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Pericentrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFEC9D4AFCB55D29FC56F044" box="[866,997,835,860]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Pericentrus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
]. HT,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D74FD71FFEC9D4AFBE55D29FBFAF045" box="[1074,1097,835,861]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
: Coll. Br. v. W.,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B6F81AFFEC9D4AFAC75D29FAD8F045" box="[1296,1387,835,861]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Celebes</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Dr. Sarasin; Lowu Mtne c.
|
||
<quantity id="4C8A9B1DFFEC9D4AFE045D0DFDACF099" box="[467,543,871,897]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="700.0">700 m</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFEC9D4AFDFB5D0DFC9CF099" box="[556,815,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFEC9D4AFDFB5D0DFD1CF098" authorityName="Redtenbacher" authorityYear="1908" box="[556,687,871,896]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Pericentrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pericentrus</taxonomicName>
|
||
3-pinnatus
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Redt.; det. Redtenb.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFEC9D4AFBF35D0DFA99F098" authorityName="Hennemann" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Redtenbacher" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[1060,1322,871,896]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Pericentrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tripinnatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFEC9D4AFBF35D0DFA99F098" box="[1060,1322,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Pericentrus tripinnatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[NHMW, No. 713].
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFEC9D4AFEE05DE1FE2EF0BD" bold="true" box="[311,413,907,933]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">n. comb.</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFEC9D4AFF115DC4FDF6F0F5" blockId="29.[151,1437,834,1005]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFEC9D4AFF115DC4FED1F0D0" bold="true" box="[198,354,942,968]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Distribution:</emphasis>
|
||
NE-Sulawesi, Prov.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B6F81AFFEC9D4AFD815DC5FCB4F0D1" box="[598,775,943,969]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Sulawesi Utara</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Mount Lowu
|
||
<quantity id="4C8A9B1DFFEC9D4AFC605DC5FC44F0D1" box="[951,1015,943,969]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="700.0">700m</quantity>
|
||
[NHMW]; NE-Sulawesi, Minahasa, Gunung Sudara summit [NHMB].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFEC9D4AFF405A54FDBBF740" blockId="29.[151,520,1085,1150]" box="[151,520,1085,1113]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFEC9D4AFF405A54FDBBF740" bold="true" box="[151,520,1085,1113]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
Genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFEC9D4AFF395A55FDBBF740" authority="Stal, 1875" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1875" box="[238,520,1085,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Hermagoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFEC9D4AFF395A55FE35F741" bold="true" box="[238,390,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Hermagoras</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE34B09FFEC9D4AFE5A5A57FDBBF740" author="Stal, C." box="[397,520,1085,1112]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref128748" refString="Stal, C. (1875) Recensio Orthopterorum. Revue critique des Orthopteres descrits par Linne, de Geer et Thunberg. 3. P. A. Norstedt & Soner, Stockholm, 105 pp" type="book" year="1875">Stål, 1875</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFEC9D4AFF405A09FEF1F766" blockId="29.[151,520,1085,1150]" box="[151,322,1123,1150]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13492A7DFFEC9D4AFF485A09FF4EF765" box="[159,253,1123,1149]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1853,1877]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,187,1829]" captionTargetId="figure-20@30.[151,1436,181,1829]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 13. Hermagoras celebensis (Hennemann, 1998) n. stat.: A. ♀ (AT), lateral view [MNHU, No. 7917]; B. ♀ (AT),dorsal view [MNHU, No. 7917]; C. ♂ (HT), lateral view [MNHU, No. 7916]; D. ♂ (HT), lateral view [MNHU, No. 7916]; E. ♂ from Luwu, dorso-lateral view [NHMB]; F. Apical half of abdomen of ♂ from Luwu, lateral view [NHMB]; G. Terminal abdominal segments of ♂ from Luwu, dorsal view [NHMB]; H. Terminal abdominal segments of ♂ (HT), lateral view [MNHU, No. 7916]; J. Metanotum and median segment of ♂ from Luwu, dorso-lateral view [NHMB]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5760668" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5760668/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13492A7DFFEC9D4AFEDE5A09FE89F766" box="[265,314,1123,1150]" captionStart="FIGURE 68" captionStartId="182.[151,250,1766,1790]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1742]" captionTargetId="figure-20@182.[151,1436,181,1742]" captionTargetPageId="182" captionText="FIGURE 68. Live insects from Bogani Nani Wartabone National Park, Gorontalo Province, Northern Sulawesi (all © Pavel Kirillov). A. ♂ of Hermagoras celebensis (Hennemann, 1998); B. ♂ of an as yet undescribed species of Asceles Redtenbacher, 1908; C. ♀ of an undescribed species of Asceles Redtenbacher, 1908, close to A. rufescens Redtenbacher, 1908 and possibly the opposite sex of the ♂ shown in figure B. D. ♀ of an undescribed species of Neoclides Uvarov, 1940 showing remarkable twiglike camouflage; E. ♀ of the same Neoclides species seen in figure D, which is the only record of this genus from Sulawesi." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5760785" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5760785/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">68A</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFEC9D4AFF405ACDFEC9F7C6" blockId="29.[151,1436,1191,1246]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFEC9D4AFF405ACDFE94F7A7" bold="true" box="[151,295,1191,1215]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Type-species:</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFEC9D4AFEF95ACDFD77F7A7" authority="Bates, 1865: 336" authorityName="Bates" authorityPageNumber="336" authorityYear="1865" box="[302,708,1191,1215]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Lonchodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="personatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFEC9D4AFEF95ACDFDA2F7A7" box="[302,529,1191,1215]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Lonchodes personatus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE34B09FFEC9D4AFDC05AC2FD77F7A7" author="Bates, H. W." box="[535,708,1191,1215]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="321 - 359" refId="ref125161" refString="Bates, H. W. (1865) Descriptions of fifty-two new species of Phasmidae from the collection of Mr. W. W. Saunders, with remarks on the family. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, 25 (1), 321 - 359. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1865. tb 00187. x" type="journal article" year="1865">Bates, 1865: 336</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, pl. 44: 7 [=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFEC9D4AFC925AC2FBD6F7A7" authority="(Olivier, 1792)" baseAuthorityName="Olivier" baseAuthorityYear="1792" box="[837,1125,1191,1215]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Hermagoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="foliopeda">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFEC9D4AFC925AC2FC77F7A7" box="[837,964,1191,1215]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">H. foliopeda</emphasis>
|
||
(Olivier, 1792)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
], by subsequent designation of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE34B09FFEC9D4AFF105AACFEC5F7C6" author="Kirby, W. F." box="[199,374,1222,1246]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref127952" refString="Kirby, W. F. (1904) A Synonymic Catalague of Orthoptera. 1. Orthoptera Euplexoptera, Cursoria et Gressoria. (Forficulidae, Hemimeridae, Blattidae, Mantidae, Phasmidae). British Museum, London, 501 pp." type="book" year="1904">Kirby, 1904: 322</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3686573FFEC9D4AFF405B66FB29F6AE" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFEC9D4AFF405B66FB29F6AE" blockId="29.[151,1437,1292,1463]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFEC9D4AFF405B66FE91F63E" bold="true" box="[151,290,1292,1318]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Comments:</emphasis>
|
||
This genus has five known species on Borneo and is represented throughout the southeastern regions of Wallacea by the type-species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFEC9D4AFE365B5BFCAEF652" authority="(Olivier, 1792)" baseAuthorityName="Olivier" baseAuthorityYear="1792" box="[481,797,1328,1354]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Hermagoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="foliopeda">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFEC9D4AFE365B5BFDDEF652" box="[481,621,1328,1354]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">H. foliopeda</emphasis>
|
||
(Olivier, 1792)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. On
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B6F81AFFEC9D4AFC865B5AFC05F652" box="[849,950,1328,1354]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
|
||
it is represented by one species, which was formerly regarded a subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFEC9D4AFDCC5B3FFD1BF676" baseAuthorityName="Olivier" baseAuthorityYear="1792" box="[539,680,1364,1390]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Hermagoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="foliopeda">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFEC9D4AFDCC5B3FFD1BF676" box="[539,680,1364,1390]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">H. foliopeda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but is here raised to species level. The distinction between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFEC9D4AFA925B3FFF64F68A" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Hermagoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFEC9D4AFA925B3FFF64F68A" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Hermagoras</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the morphologically very similar
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFEC9D4AFD565B12FC35F68A" authority="Stal, 1877" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1877" box="[641,902,1400,1427]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Mnesilochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFEC9D4AFD565B12FCBCF68A" box="[641,783,1400,1426]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Mnesilochus</emphasis>
|
||
Stål, 1877
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
presented by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE34B09FFEC9D4AFBF65B12FA88F68A" author="Seow-Choen, F." box="[1057,1339,1400,1426]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref128620" refString="Seow-Choen, F. (2016) A taxonomic guide to the stick insects of Borneo. Natural History Publications, Kota Kinabalu, 454 pp." type="book" year="2016">Seow-Choen (2016: 279)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
is partly based on a misinterpreted character and is clarified in the comments on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFEC9D4AFC6C5BF6FBFAF6AE" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1877" box="[955,1097,1436,1462]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Mnesilochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFEC9D4AFC6C5BF6FBFAF6AE" box="[955,1097,1436,1462]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Mnesilochus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
below.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |