296 lines
27 KiB
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296 lines
27 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.82.65760" ID-GBIF-Dataset="67eddd14-2ce9-43d9-8ad6-a811c6a6ea7d" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2607-82-253" ID-Pensoft-UUID="8FB3D63D7AA85D0B9084BCA247C360F7" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4741830" ID-ZooBank="47FBD08BB6AE4004A25FCB7F3FB8D13F" ModsDocID="1314-2607-82-253" checkinTime="1619783768825" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Lopes, Rogerio Botion, Carpenter, James M. & Noll, Fernando Barabosa" docDate="2021" docId="CBC688AE417658B1BD4599A25A6B700B" docLanguage="en" docName="JourHymenoptRes 82: 253-283" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 82" docPubDate="2021-04-29" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.82.65760" docTitle="Zethus (Zethusculus) de Saussure 1855" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="8FB3D63D7AA85D0B9084BCA247C360F7" lastPageNumber="253" masterDocId="8FB3D63D7AA85D0B9084BCA247C360F7" masterDocTitle="Cladistic analysis of Zethus Fabricius, 1804 (Hymenoptera, Vespidae): a new subgeneric classification" masterLastPageNumber="283" masterPageNumber="253" pageNumber="253" updateTime="1678755782231" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Cladistic analysis of Zethus Fabricius, 1804 (Hymenoptera, Vespidae): a new subgeneric classification</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Lopes, Rogerio Botion</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1217-1152</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Laboratorio de Aculeata. Departamento de Zoologia e Botanica. Instituto de Biociencias, Letras e Ciencias Exatas. Universidade Estadual Paulista " Julio de Mesquita Filho ". Sao Jose do Rio Preto, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">rbotlopes@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Carpenter, James M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6754-8028</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Division of Invertebrate Zoology. American Museum of Natural History. New York, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Noll, Fernando Barabosa</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Laboratorio de Aculeata. Departamento de Zoologia e Botanica. Instituto de Biociencias, Letras e Ciencias Exatas. Universidade Estadual Paulista " Julio de Mesquita Filho ". Sao Jose do Rio Preto, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-04-29</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>82</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>253</mods:start>
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<mods:end>283</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.82.65760</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.82.65760</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2607-82-253</mods:identifier>
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<subSection pageId="0" pageNumber="253" type="multiple">
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="181758046" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CBC688AE417658B1BD4599A25A6B700B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CBC688AE417658B1BD4599A25A6B700B" lastPageNumber="253" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="253" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
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<taxonomicName LSID="CBC688AE-4176-58B1-BD45-99A25A6B700B" authority="de Saussure, 1855" authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1855" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Zethus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zethus (Zethusculus)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Zethusculus">Zethus (Zethusculus) de Saussure, 1855</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="253" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Synapomorphic characters of Zethus (Zethusculus) A habitus of Z. jurinei B close-up of female clypeus of Z. mexicanus C tegula of Z. mexicanus; arrowheads indicate length of interruprion on raised margin D male flagellum of Z. mexicanus. Scale bars: 1.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.82.65760.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/537932" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="253" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1855" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Zethusculus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zethusculus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Zethusculus</taxonomicName>
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de Saussure, 1855: 118 (division of genus
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lopes & Carpenter & Noll" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1804" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Zethus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zethus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Zethus</taxonomicName>
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); 1875: 18 (division of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lopes & Carpenter & Noll" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1804" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Zethus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zethus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Zethus</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1852" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Zethus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zethus jurinei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jurinei">Zethus jurinei</taxonomicName>
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Type species:
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<taxonomicName authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1852" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Zethus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zethus jurinei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jurinei">Zethus jurinei</taxonomicName>
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de Saussure.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
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<taxonomicName family="Eumenidae" genus="Zethucculus" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zethucculus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="genus">Zethucculus</taxonomicName>
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Howes, 1917: 407 (misspelling).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
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<taxonomicName authority="" authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1855" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Zethus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zethus (Zethusculus)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Zethusculus">Zethus (Zethusculus)</taxonomicName>
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Bohart & Stange, 1965: 20 (dendrogram), 25 (key to subgenera), 125 (subgenus of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lopes & Carpenter & Noll" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1804" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Zethus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zethus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Zethus</taxonomicName>
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, key to species), 202 (figs).
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1163/1876312X-00002165" author="Lopes, RB" journalOrPublisher="Insect Systematics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="103 - 129" refId="B44" refString="Lopes, RB, Noll, FB, 2018. Cladistic analysis of the Zethus (Zethoides) Fox, 1899 (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae) species groups with insights on the current subgeneric classifcation of Zethus Fabricius, 1804. Insect Systematics and Evolution 49: 103 - 129, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/1876312X-00002165" title="Cladistic analysis of the Zethus (Zethoides) Fox, 1899 (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae) species groups with insights on the current subgeneric classifcation of Zethus Fabricius, 1804." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/1876312X-00002165" volume="49" year="2018">Lopes and Noll 2018</bibRefCitation>
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(paraphyletic).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="253" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Interantennal longitudinal</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">transversal carinas absent. Male flagellum rolled</emphasis>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Synapomorphic characters of Zethus (Zethusculus) A habitus of Z. jurinei B close-up of female clypeus of Z. mexicanus C tegula of Z. mexicanus; arrowheads indicate length of interruprion on raised margin D male flagellum of Z. mexicanus. Scale bars: 1.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.82.65760.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/537932" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">12D</figureCitation>
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)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
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.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Female clypeus microstriate</emphasis>
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</emphasis>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Synapomorphic characters of Zethus (Zethusculus) A habitus of Z. jurinei B close-up of female clypeus of Z. mexicanus C tegula of Z. mexicanus; arrowheads indicate length of interruprion on raised margin D male flagellum of Z. mexicanus. Scale bars: 1.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.82.65760.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/537932" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">12B</figureCitation>
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), short and without apical teeth
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">. Male mandible 3-toothed.</emphasis>
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Galea short. Labial palpi 4-segmented with first palpomere curved. Occipital carina ventrally complete or as small branch. Vertex usually raised (flat only in the
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">imperfectus</emphasis>
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group). Genal margin mostly evenly convex (sinuous in the
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">imperfectus</emphasis>
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group). Pronotal carina lamellar with lateral portion strongly sinuous. Pre-tegular carina incomplete. Welts and notalulices absent.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
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Tegula with outer margin usually angled,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">raised except for medial interruption</emphasis>
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</emphasis>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Synapomorphic characters of Zethus (Zethusculus) A habitus of Z. jurinei B close-up of female clypeus of Z. mexicanus C tegula of Z. mexicanus; arrowheads indicate length of interruprion on raised margin D male flagellum of Z. mexicanus. Scale bars: 1.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.82.65760.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/537932" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">12C</figureCitation>
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). Epicnemial carina complete. Mesepimeron without carina. Mid tibia with one apical spur. Metanotum anteriorly margined with lateral carina extending at most to anterior half of the sclerite. Spines in posterior tibia scattered. Apical angle of marginal cell variable. Dorsal aperture of propodeum only present in
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">imperfectus</emphasis>
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group. Propodeum with lateral carinas and without submedian and sublateral carinas. Apical lamella of propodeum only present in
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">imperfectus</emphasis>
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group. T1 with short stem and medium expansion. S1 with elliptical anterior margin. S2 with apicall lamellae. T3 with apical lamella only in
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">imperfectus</emphasis>
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group. S3 without lamellae only in
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1767" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Zethus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zethus mexicanus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mexicanus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Zethus mexicanus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group. S5 and 6 without carinas.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Anterior margin of ventral lobe of aedeagus reflexed outward.</emphasis>
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Cuspis with apical tuft.
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</paragraph>
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<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="4741840" doi="10.3897/jhr.82.65760.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/537932" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" start="Figure 12" startId="F12">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Figure 12.</emphasis>
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Synapomorphic characters of
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<taxonomicName authority="" authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1855" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Zethus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zethus (Zethusculus)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Zethusculus">Zethus (Zethusculus)</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">A</emphasis>
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habitus of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="Z. jurinei" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="jurinei">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Z. jurinei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">B</emphasis>
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close-up of female clypeus of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="Z. mexicanus" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="mexicanus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Z. mexicanus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">C</emphasis>
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tegula of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="Z. mexicanus" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="mexicanus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Z. mexicanus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; arrowheads indicate length of interruprion on raised margin
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">D</emphasis>
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male flagellum of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="Z. mexicanus" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="mexicanus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Z. mexicanus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="253" type="observations">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Observations.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
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While
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1163/1876312X-00002165" author="Lopes, RB" journalOrPublisher="Insect Systematics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="103 - 129" refId="B44" refString="Lopes, RB, Noll, FB, 2018. Cladistic analysis of the Zethus (Zethoides) Fox, 1899 (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae) species groups with insights on the current subgeneric classifcation of Zethus Fabricius, 1804. Insect Systematics and Evolution 49: 103 - 129, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/1876312X-00002165" title="Cladistic analysis of the Zethus (Zethoides) Fox, 1899 (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae) species groups with insights on the current subgeneric classifcation of Zethus Fabricius, 1804." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/1876312X-00002165" volume="49" year="2018">Lopes and Noll (2018)</bibRefCitation>
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recovered this subgenus as paraphyletic, the results here present support the wider analysis of the group (Golfetti et al. 2020) where it is recovered as monophyletic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="253" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Nearctic and Neotropical.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="253" type="included species-groups">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Included species-groups.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1775" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Zethus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zethus arietis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arietis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Zethus arietis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Fox" authorityYear="1899" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Zethus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zethus imperfectus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imperfectus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Zethus imperfectus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1767" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Zethus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zethus mexicanus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mexicanus">Zethus mexicanus</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="253" type="included species">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Included species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">27.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="253" type="nomen dubium">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Nomen dubium</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
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These taxa of doubtful application lack evidence that allows a proper affiliation to species-groups or subgenera, thus considering them
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">incertae sedis</emphasis>
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as well. Three of the taxa are already cited in
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<bibRefCitation author="Bohart, RM" journalOrPublisher="University of California Publications in Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="1 - 208" refId="B8" refString="Bohart, RM, Stange, LA, 1965. A Revision of the Genus Zethus Fabricius in the Western Hemisphere (Hymenoptera: Eumenidae). University of California Publications in Entomology 40: 1 - 208" title="A Revision of the Genus Zethus Fabricius in the Western Hemisphere (Hymenoptera: Eumenidae)." volume="40" year="1965">Bohart and Stange (1965)</bibRefCitation>
|
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:
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<taxonomicName lsidName="Z. assimilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="assimilis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Z. assimilis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Brèthes">Brethes</normalizedToken>
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),
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="Z. holmbergii" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="holmbergii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Z. holmbergii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Brèthes">Brethes</normalizedToken>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="Z. medius" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="medius">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Z. medius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Brèthes">Brethes</normalizedToken>
|
||
. Three species are added to this list:
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="Z. didymogastra" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="didymogastra">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Z. didymogastra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Spinola,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="Z. rufipes" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="rufipes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Z. rufipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Fox and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="Z. scandens" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="scandens">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Z. scandens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Zavattari.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Perty" authorityYear="1833" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Zethus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zethus didymogastra" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="didymogastra">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Zethus didymogastra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Spinola, 1841 - After its description,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="de Saussure, H" journalOrPublisher="Kressman, Joel Cherbuliez, Geneva" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B22" refString="de Saussure, H, 1852. Monographie des Guepes Solitaires, ou de la tribu Eumeniens. Victor Masson (Paris); J. Kressman, Joel Cherbuliez, Geneva" title="Monographie des Guepes Solitaires, ou de la tribu Eumeniens. Victor Masson (Paris); J." year="1852">de Saussure (1852)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
synonymized it under
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="Z. binodis" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="binodis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Z. binodis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Fabricius, only to go back and validate
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="Z. didymogastra" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="didymogastra">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Z. didymogastra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
again after two decades (de Saussure, 1875). The last mention of this species was by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cameron, P" journalOrPublisher="Timehri: The Journal of the Royal Agricultural and Commercial Society of British Guyana" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="207 - 231" refId="B12" refString="Cameron, P, 1912. The Hymenoptera of Georgetown Museum: part III. Timehri: The Journal of the Royal Agricultural and Commercial Society of British Guyana 2 (3): 207 - 231" title="The Hymenoptera of Georgetown Museum: part III." volume="2" year="1912">Cameron (1912)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
when he synonymized it once again also under
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="Z. binodis" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="binodis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Z. binodis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Nevertheless, the taxonomic catalog of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="Z. binodis" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="binodis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Z. binodis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bohart, RM" journalOrPublisher="University of California Publications in Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="1 - 208" refId="B8" refString="Bohart, RM, Stange, LA, 1965. A Revision of the Genus Zethus Fabricius in the Western Hemisphere (Hymenoptera: Eumenidae). University of California Publications in Entomology 40: 1 - 208" title="A Revision of the Genus Zethus Fabricius in the Western Hemisphere (Hymenoptera: Eumenidae)." volume="40" year="1965">Bohart and Stange (1965)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
does not bring the synonym nor is the species brought up anywhere else in their study.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fox" authorityYear="1899" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Zethus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zethus rufipes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufipes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Zethus rufipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Fox, 1899 - This taxon makes a rather curious case, where
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bohart, RM" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Brooklyn Entomological Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="28 - 32" refId="B7" refString="Bohart, RM, Stange, LA, 1962. Lectotypes of Nearctic and Neoptropical Zethini in European and American museums (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Bulletin of Brooklyn Entomological Society 57 (1): 28 - 32" title="Lectotypes of Nearctic and Neoptropical Zethini in European and American museums (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)." volume="57" year="1962">Bohart and Stange (1962)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
desginated a lectotype, but never mentioned it in their great revision of 1965. The fact that this species was omitted in
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bohart, RM" journalOrPublisher="University of California Publications in Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="1 - 208" refId="B8" refString="Bohart, RM, Stange, LA, 1965. A Revision of the Genus Zethus Fabricius in the Western Hemisphere (Hymenoptera: Eumenidae). University of California Publications in Entomology 40: 1 - 208" title="A Revision of the Genus Zethus Fabricius in the Western Hemisphere (Hymenoptera: Eumenidae)." volume="40" year="1965">Bohart and Stange (1965)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
was noted by Carpenter and Vecht (1991).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Zethus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zethus scandens" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scandens">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Zethus scandens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Zavattari, 1913 - This species was described by Zavattari and only again cited by
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.15.196" author="Rasmussen, C" journalOrPublisher="Zookeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="1 - 78" refId="B56" refString="Rasmussen, C, Asenjo, A, 2009. A checklist to the wasps of Peru (Hymenoptera, Aculeata). Zookeys 15: 1 - 78, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.15.196" title="A checklist to the wasps of Peru (Hymenoptera, Aculeata)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.15.196" volume="15" year="2009">
|
||
Rasmussen and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Asenjo’s">Asenjo's</normalizedToken>
|
||
(2009)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
catalog for Peruvian fauna. No remarks or lists were made by any other authors, not even
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bohart, RM" journalOrPublisher="University of California Publications in Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="1 - 208" refId="B8" refString="Bohart, RM, Stange, LA, 1965. A Revision of the Genus Zethus Fabricius in the Western Hemisphere (Hymenoptera: Eumenidae). University of California Publications in Entomology 40: 1 - 208" title="A Revision of the Genus Zethus Fabricius in the Western Hemisphere (Hymenoptera: Eumenidae)." volume="40" year="1965">Bohart and Stange (1965)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</subSection>
|
||
</document> |