168 lines
18 KiB
XML
168 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document id="168722914BC04198988E6342E12A0ED2" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.483.8629" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d41b36b4-2846-412e-bdfa-ef91e08f3be5" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-483-1" ID-ZooBank="08068FC0EAB64443A9AC59642C66FCCA" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-483-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 483" ModsDocTitle="First report, morphological and molecular characterization of Xiphinemaelongatum and X.pachtaicum (Nematoda, Longidoridae) from Ethiopia" checkinTime="1451244549412" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Getaneh, Gezahegne, Bert, Wim & Decraemer, Wilfrida" docDate="2015" docId="B03BED12818FCB26C1090632955FB86C" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 489: 1-13" docOrigin="ZooKeys 483" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.483.8629" docTitle="Xiphinema pachtaicum Tulaganov 1938" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="5" masterDocId="FFEC6754C126FF8F79636951FFBDFFB0" masterDocTitle="First report, morphological and molecular characterization of Xiphinemaelongatum and X. pachtaicum (Nematoda, Longidoridae) from Ethiopia" masterLastPageNumber="13" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="4" updateTime="1701315197119" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="04FFEAAAE6DA157C922CCD960E7C69FA">First report, morphological and molecular characterization of Xiphinemaelongatum and X. pachtaicum (Nematoda, Longidoridae) from Ethiopia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="57362F6707C8A45E7B140116EDD3246D">Getaneh, Gezahegne</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E7A2ADEF4BA15FFDE1C1C5377D186E44">Bert, Wim</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="664F283D6C22886C5A2281FC5E11D7D6">Decraemer, Wilfrida</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="29CF81F85995499830AF14C4E9F49A34">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="A31A3ABD48B9359AF533188B7427E1AD">483</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="14C3C6A4498C10EB6018E1DF4697E2DB">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.483.8629</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="5D4F90CDC41BB60B8B3222736620FD2B">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="4FDBF2B23D9C45601EBD5C79C31D0075" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.483.8629</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="B03BED12818FCB26C1090632955FB86C" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152058811" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B03BED12818FCB26C1090632955FB86C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B03BED12818FCB26C1090632955FB86C" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<subSubSection id="8B17B0EB6BCF19DCEBE5F354C922F25D" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="A2B9CF1F9FD890DCAE442C98B8AF6096" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Taxon classification Animalia Dorylaimida Longidoridae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1C443CC9015434162368ED2D54BBB0DD" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="5EFF3885433D86F7AB4139A03BEC8CE7" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<taxonomicName id="4246B573CC4A3175FF397136AEAA00A2" authority="Tulaganov, 1938" authorityName="Tulaganov" authorityYear="1938" class="Enoplea" family="Longidoridae" genus="Xiphinema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xiphinema pachtaicum" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="pachtaicum">Xiphinema pachtaicum (Tulaganov, 1938)</taxonomicName>
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Table 1
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A8936CC38583CE690967E00E680B6F89" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="883C1838A3EFEF9CFF700F0703D98588" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<taxonomicName id="138CE988962C3BF494A2A00497A77088" class="Enoplea" family="Longidoridae" genus="Longidorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Longidorus pachtaicus" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="pachtaicus">
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<pageBreakToken id="72022303D730BCB8A6B1C79778AF78DD" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" start="start">Longidorus</pageBreakToken>
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pachtaicus
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</taxonomicName>
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Tulaganov, 1938:
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<bibRefCitation id="388C6F6D2604531DDB8D7536F2B069D4" author="Tulaganov, AT" journalOrPublisher="Trudy Uzbekskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1 - 25" title="The fauna of nematodes of cotton and surrounding soil in Katta-Kurgan district of the Uzbek SSR." volume="12" year="1938">Tulaganov 1938</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7143CF735D0A9B68390E1E22DB0A275E" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<taxonomicName id="736643FD6916DC27436A6AABF1EEDB22" class="Enoplea" family="Longidoridae" genus="Xiphinema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xiphinema pachtaicum" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="pachtaicum">Xiphinema pachtaicum</taxonomicName>
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(Tulaganov, 1938): Kirjanova 1951.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B31DE7F85E808E1F683C0930230A014B" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<taxonomicName id="35E9A26EAAFD624AD678199674DF0FEF" class="Enoplea" family="Longidoridae" genus="Xiphinema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xiphinema mediterraneum" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="mediterraneum">Xiphinema mediterraneum</taxonomicName>
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Martelli & Lamberti, 1967: Siddiqi and Lamberti 1977.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="409C442D6B686B740B7C216D56339864" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<taxonomicName id="DE3A2409916B4600A3F4A5864B7DB692" class="Enoplea" family="Longidoridae" genus="Xiphinema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xiphinema neoelongatum" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="neoelongatum">Xiphinema neoelongatum</taxonomicName>
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Bajaj & Jairajpuri, 1977:
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<bibRefCitation id="89269963C10770C5271A2451969A4C00" author="Luc, M" journalOrPublisher="Revue Nematol." pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="399 - 405" title="On the systematics of eleven Xiphinema species (Nematoda: Longidoridae) described from India." volume="7" year="1984">Luc et al. 1984</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="25D17CBAE2E16EB91E6443C91DE76B4E" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="description">
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<paragraph id="E68853BF91D18012D3CCAC48BC4EBC83" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7E011E9E06E5C4E04F13B9F07F1AA01D" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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Female. Body
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<normalizedToken id="720CCF83A7539696098D8A5E6C033D79" originalValue="‘C’">'C'</normalizedToken>
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shaped after fixation, tapering to both end but more to the anterior. Cuticle smooth under light microscope. Lip region, distinctly offset by constriction. Amphid aperture post labial, fovea stirrup shaped and about two-third of lip width. Odontostyle robust, poorly forked, 1.56
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<normalizedToken id="6EE4AE848817E044979DA4A0E5169673" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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thick, 66
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<normalizedToken id="99FA68B2476A7ACFEF13A398B7454A91" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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3 (63-73) % of total stylet length and odontophore with weak flanges with width of 10
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<normalizedToken id="65803A4F49BD4DB0F83BEE02FFF98655" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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3 (7-12)
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<normalizedToken id="B7A93E8F48EA06B90FFDAB3821C29D64" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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. Basal Guiding ring 110
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<normalizedToken id="F20FBCD89C7AAC5169793BDF58FF670F" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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6 (104-115)
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<normalizedToken id="B61552C29616B2777623B73F4F77D372" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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from anterior end. Pharynx includes one anterior dorsal nucleus and two posterior subventral nuclei, pharyngeal gland length 94
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<normalizedToken id="43D5990CD8232BB637CAB879419B3812" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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5 (91-99)
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<normalizedToken id="480B2388B179B28C6882320EC76DC651" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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. Vulva, posterior to mid-body, a transverse slit in ventral view, one-third of the corresponding body width. Female genital branches, didelphic, reflexed, equally developed, generally short. Ovaries, with bacterial endosymbiont, uterus without Z-differentiation, sphincter not clear. Tail short, conical with narrow rounded end (Fig. 1).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EDDBE994AA8AC16DF8C30FE52E6CABDB" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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Morphological variations of
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<taxonomicName id="942D29E9C51A23B007FEB10FE79EDE99" class="Enoplea" family="Longidoridae" genus="Xiphinema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xiphinema pachtaicum" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="pachtaicum">Xiphinema pachtaicum</taxonomicName>
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have been recorded among populations of different localities from Iran (
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<bibRefCitation id="6AD16EA27E4EC60288C33605F5267F57" author="Fadaei, AA" journalOrPublisher="Nematology" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="453 - 461" title="Three species of the Xiphinemaamericanum lineage (Nematoda: Longidoridae) from Iran." url="10.1163/156854103769224430" volume="5" year="2003">Fadaei et al. 2003</bibRefCitation>
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) and Czech (
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<bibRefCitation id="F813ADB48A4EBB2DD3E994AA2CC72C60" author="Kumari, S" journalOrPublisher="Helminthologia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="103 - 108" title="The occurrence of Xiphinemavuittenezi, X. pachtaicum and Longidorusleptocephalus (Nematoda: Dorylaimida) in the central Czech Republic." volume="41" year="2004">Kumari 2004</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AFE2FF72CB14C9053C918876CCB14EF0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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The morphometric range of studied Ethiopian specimen is more similar to that of the Iranian population (
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<bibRefCitation id="75BCDBCDF7131C435CB772E55B19DBF8" author="Fadaei, AA" journalOrPublisher="Nematology" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="453 - 461" title="Three species of the Xiphinemaamericanum lineage (Nematoda: Longidoridae) from Iran." url="10.1163/156854103769224430" volume="5" year="2003">Fadaei et al. 2003</bibRefCitation>
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), and also agrees with the record from Serbia and Montenegro (
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<bibRefCitation id="8056C59BDB16CB9A7B438F9DF4D90CBB" author="Basri, L" journalOrPublisher="Nematologia mediterranea" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="59 - 72" title="Morphometrics of three putative species of the Xiphinemaamericanum group (Nematoda: Dorylaimida) from the territory of the former Yugoslavia." volume="30" year="2002">Basri and Lamberti 2002</bibRefCitation>
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). The studied Ethiopian species have a slightly longer body length and higher
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<normalizedToken id="CE56C95732C42269C5BFE7392A1294F0" originalValue="‘a’">'a'</normalizedToken>
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ratio compared to studied population from Iran and Czech (
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<bibRefCitation id="20D10A34BE6D89C7477723CC6F6B7347" author="Fadaei, AA" journalOrPublisher="Nematology" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="453 - 461" title="Three species of the Xiphinemaamericanum lineage (Nematoda: Longidoridae) from Iran." url="10.1163/156854103769224430" volume="5" year="2003">Fadaei et al. 2003</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="FFA3CFD5640A3FB88C8F82DB42656585" author="Kumari, S" journalOrPublisher="Helminthologia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="103 - 108" title="The occurrence of Xiphinemavuittenezi, X. pachtaicum and Longidorusleptocephalus (Nematoda: Dorylaimida) in the central Czech Republic." volume="41" year="2004">Kumari 2004</bibRefCitation>
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). However, according to
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<bibRefCitation id="A434CFE3CD8EBBC8529EE577FD648BDF" author="Luc, M" journalOrPublisher="Revue Nematol." pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="399 - 405" title="On the systematics of eleven Xiphinema species (Nematoda: Longidoridae) described from India." volume="7" year="1984">Luc et al. (1984)</bibRefCitation>
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the variation of coefficient of
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<normalizedToken id="4DE1A3D65615273F8E41EEB29826E18E" originalValue="‘a’">'a'</normalizedToken>
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and
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<normalizedToken id="11C055BB7B6F0099885801A19CB9E433" originalValue="‘c’">'c'</normalizedToken>
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are common for this species that is between 43-74 and 47-84 respectively.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5C2D59F42554E306218F4FEA4F6AA072" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<taxonomicName id="D77A7CBC746711A15B6D04C8E4B4ABE3" class="Enoplea" family="Longidoridae" genus="Xiphinema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xiphinema pachtaicum" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="pachtaicum">Xiphinema pachtaicum</taxonomicName>
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is widespread in Europe (Switzerland, Germany, United Kingdom, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Croatia, Romania, Serbia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Bulgaria, Portugal, Spain, France, Italy, Greece, Cyprus, Malta, Moldova, Ukraine); Asia (Israel, Turkey, Georgia, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Jordan, Iraq, Iran); Africa (Algeria, Morocco, Libya, Egypt, South Africa); North America (United States, Trinidad); South America (Chile) and Australia. This species has not been recorded as a vector of plant viruses (
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<bibRefCitation id="42D210CC44630016CB4FB7BA63D2544F" author="Andrassy, I" journalOrPublisher="Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" title="Free-living nematodes of Hungary (Nematodaerrantia), I - Pedozoologica Hungarica." year="2006">Andrassy 2006</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="182C7916D36371AB5D3E72546A32C003" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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The alpha-numeric polytomous identification key codes as developed by
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<bibRefCitation id="F6662B5AEF1564DED09D7D9754F1F3BF" author="Lamberti, F" journalOrPublisher="Russian Journal of Nematology" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="65 - 84" title="The Xiphinemaamericanum group. I. Putative species, their geographical occurrence and distribution, and regional polytomous identification keys for the group." volume="8" year="2000">Lamberti et al. (2000)</bibRefCitation>
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to be applied for the studied
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<taxonomicName id="04CB180C997A5ADFB4943298D1572A51" class="Enoplea" family="Longidoridae" genus="Xiphinema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xiphinema pachtaicum" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="pachtaicum">Xiphinema pachtaicum</taxonomicName>
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of the
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<taxonomicName id="209E955C7F88A739F78D15FE5DAF9A21" class="Enoplea" family="Longidoridae" genus="Xiphinema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xiphinema americanum" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="americanum">Xiphinema americanum</taxonomicName>
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group in Africa are agree with Ethiopian studied population: A 2, B 2, C 1/2, D 32, E 32, F 2, G 21, H 23, I 23, J 1. Characterized by lip region set off from body, body length 1.6 to 2.0 mm; odontostyle length <86
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<normalizedToken id="32E993424DAA98CA508BEDC66AC98D31" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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; value of
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<normalizedToken id="C4C95EF5A0E6078A0E39FF451C76DC58" originalValue="c’">c'</normalizedToken>
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ratio 1.6 to 2; vulva 53 to 56% or vulva> 56%; value of
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||
<normalizedToken id="137A8BC344346F5162C332D7F5CC3639" originalValue="‘a’">'a'</normalizedToken>
|
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ratio 61 to 80; value of
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<normalizedToken id="B4F5C5BDD2BBFBE73C6518FE2050B97F" originalValue="‘c’">'c'</normalizedToken>
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ratio <60 or> 60; distance of basal guide ring from oral aperture 61 to 75
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<normalizedToken id="46FE8F9070F9E10B6270E56E283F61F8" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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; distance of basal guide ring from oral aperture> 75
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<normalizedToken id="80894FC7EE21853190EDF21C51BFFBC4" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3EB8924E9DAFA1958F2B5754E5752386" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Male. Not found.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CA6F6643396C06657AADFD1C88D7B6E3" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="locality and host">
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<paragraph id="21F3BDD92B6DF2BB9A8A31FE0BCE7F6E" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Locality and host.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DB6D24ADDA18DC488BBB8417541A9420" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">The sample materials were collected around the root rhizosphere of citrus plant from Melkassa agricultural research center, Oromiya, Ethiopia.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |