211 lines
17 KiB
XML
211 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.311.5408" ID-GBIF-Dataset="24d5415a-77c5-4b27-a8fc-3508a0a8aa28" ID-PMC="PMC3698554" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-311-1" ID-PubMed="23825440" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2013" ModsDocID="1313-2970-311-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 311" ModsDocTitle="On the Monacha species of Lebanon (Gastropoda, Hygromiidae)" checkinTime="1451247198070" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Neubert, Eike & Bariche, Michel" docDate="2013" docId="DAC106E2E3E856251BE87B04F6B1BDA3" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 311: 1-18" docOrigin="ZooKeys 311" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.311.5408" docTitle="Monacha (Monacha) nummus Ehrenberg 1831" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="9" masterDocId="FFDCFF8EEC3E5769BF5B283CFF86FF88" masterDocTitle="On the Monacha species of Lebanon (Gastropoda, Hygromiidae)" masterLastPageNumber="18" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="6" updateTime="1668155992279" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>On the Monacha species of Lebanon (Gastropoda, Hygromiidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Neubert, Eike</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Bariche, Michel</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>311</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>18</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.311.5408</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.311.5408</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-311-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152045439" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DAC106E2E3E856251BE87B04F6B1BDA3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DAC106E2E3E856251BE87B04F6B1BDA3" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Monacha_nummus" authority="Ehrenberg, 1831" authorityName="Ehrenberg" authorityYear="1831" class="Gastropoda" family="Hygromiidae" genus="Monacha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monacha (Monacha) nummus" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="nummus" subGenus="Monacha">Monacha (Monacha) nummus (Ehrenberg, 1831)</taxonomicName>
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Figs 4, 5, 8
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Geomitridae" genus="Caracolla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caracolla nummus" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="nummus">Caracolla nummus</taxonomicName>
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Ehrenberg, Symbolae Physicae: 8 [Syrien]. 1831
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helix oxygyra" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oxygyra">Helix oxygyra</taxonomicName>
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Charpentier, Zeitschrift
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<normalizedToken originalValue="für">fuer</normalizedToken>
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Malakozoologie, 4: 131 [Bei Nahr und Kelb [sic!], zwei Lieues
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<normalizedToken originalValue="nördlich">noerdlich</normalizedToken>
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von Beirut, an Felsen]. 1847
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="type specimens">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Type specimens.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">oxygyra: syntype in MZL.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="specimens examined">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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NMBE 508022/6, Nahr Ibrahim, Chouene, trail
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Chouene–Chouwan">Chouene-Chouwan</normalizedToken>
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Lake,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="34.081">34.081°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="35.785">35.785°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 450 m alt., 20.08.2008; NMBE 508021/2, Nahr Ibrahim, at the road between Chouaya and Yahchouch,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="34.064">34.064°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="35.728">35.728°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 780 m alt., 20.08.2008; NMBE 508020/3, Nahr Ibrahim,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="34.079">34.079°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="35.679">35.679°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 80 m alt., 20.08.2008; NMBE 508018/1, Qanater al Zbeideh, Nahr Beirut,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="33.85">33.85°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="35.556">35.556°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 80 m alt., 19.08.2008; NMBE 508017/5, Nahr Abu Ali close to Seraad,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="34.382">34.382°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="35.93">35.93°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 630 m alt., 19.08.2008; NMBE 508016/20, Nahr el Kelb, Jeita Grotto, cave entrance,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="33.944">33.944°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="35.641">35.641°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 90 m alt., 16.08.2008; NMBE 508015/4, Nahr el Kelb, road to Jeita Grotto, limestone slope,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="33.947">33.947°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="35.637">35.637°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 115 m alt., 16.08.2008; NMBE 506357/1, Wadi Abadieh,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="33.8434">33.8434°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="35.6344">35.6344°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 310 m alt., 28.10.2011; NMBE 506356/4, Kfar Hbab,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="34.006">34.006°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="35.6552">35.6552°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 113 m alt., 27.10.2011; NMBE 506355/3, Kfour,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="34.0348">34.0348°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="35.6952">35.6952°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 817 m alt., 27.10.2011; NMBE 506354/12, Adma,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="34.0166">34.0166°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="35.6489">35.6489°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 85 m alt., 27.10.2011; NMBE 25953/5, Beirut,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="33.8526">33.8526°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="35.4296">35.4296°E</geoCoordinate>
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, coll. A. Vogt ex Bohny;
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<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="7" start="start">AUBM-MOLL</pageBreakToken>
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0466/9, AUBM-MOLL0478/1, AUBM-MOLL0480/13, Nahr el Kelb,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="33.9547">33.9547°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="35.5975">35.5975°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 30 m alt., 26.09.2009; AUBM-MOLL0468/8, AUBM-MOLL0470/2, AUBM-MOLL0489/1, Ghazir,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="34.0302">34.0302°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="35.6701">35.6701°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 326 m alt., 25.10.2009; AUBM-MOLL0476/5, Jeita,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="33.9448">33.9448°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="35.6387">35.6387°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 88 m alt., 26.09.2009; AUBM-MOLL0552/2, Nahr Ibrahim,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="34.0824">34.0824°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="35.802">35.802°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 780 m alt.;
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<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="8" start="start">AUBM-MOLL</pageBreakToken>
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0343/10, Nahr el Kelb, coll. Pallary; AUBM-MOLL0344/19, Tripoli,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="34.4314">34.4314°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="35.8184">35.8184°E</geoCoordinate>
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, coll. Pallary; AUBM-MOLL0345/9, Jounieh,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="33.3896">33.3896°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="35.6323">35.6323°E</geoCoordinate>
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, coll. Pallary.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">shell large, biconvex, periphery with a sharply bounded keel, umbilicus narrowly opened, broad periomphalum.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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shell large and flat, biconvex, shell colour grey to brown; protoconch consisting of two smooth whorls; teleoconch whorls with a dense pattern of white ribs, that extend to the glossy underside of the shell; suture marked by a white sutural thread; ca. six regularly increasing whorls, periphery with a sharply bounded crimped keel, sometimes spire stepped because of whorls attaching somewhat below the keel
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<pageBreakToken pageId="8" pageNumber="9" start="start">during</pageBreakToken>
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shell growth; last whorl not descending; aperture obliquely oval with an acute palatal edge, sometimes with a faint white lip; peristomial rim sharply bounded and simple; umbilicus always open, narrow, with a broad periomphalum.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Measurements. Syntype oxygyra: H = 5.91; D = 15.55; PH = 3.73; PD = 8.84. Fig. 5: H = 6.53; D = 16.15; PH = 3.39; PD = 8.67.</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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Figures 4-7.
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hygromiidae" genus="Monacha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monacha" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Monacha</taxonomicName>
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spp. 4
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hygromiidae" genus="Monacha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monacha (Monacha) nummus" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="nummus" subGenus="Monacha">Monacha (Monacha) nummus</taxonomicName>
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, syntype
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helix oxygyra" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oxygyra">Helix oxygyra</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Charpentier, J de" journalOrPublisher="Zeitschrift fuer Malakozoologie" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="129 - 144" title="Uebersicht der durch Herrn Edm. Boissier von einer Reise nach Palaestina mit zurueckgebrachten Conchylien-Arten." volume="4" year="1847">Charpentier 1847</bibRefCitation>
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, D = 15.55 mm 5
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hygromiidae" genus="Monacha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monacha (Monacha) nummus" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="nummus" subGenus="Monacha">Monacha (Monacha) nummus</taxonomicName>
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, NMBE 508105, Beirut, Nahr el Kalb, Jeita Grotto, limestone rocks above entrance area to the cave, D = 16.15 mm 6
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hygromiidae" genus="Monacha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monacha (Monacha) spiroxia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="spiroxia" subGenus="Monacha">Monacha (Monacha) spiroxia</taxonomicName>
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(Bourguignat, 1868), lectotype MHNG 15378, Turkey, Alexandrette (= Iskenderun), D = 13.4 mm 7
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hygromiidae" genus="Monacha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monacha (Monacha) carinata" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="carinata" subGenus="Monacha">Monacha (Monacha) carinata</taxonomicName>
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Hausdorf, 2000, holotype SMNS 50426, Turkey, Iskenderun, canyon of Sariseki, Iskenderun, D = 20.2 mm. -
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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2, phot. Neubert, Richling.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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Figure 8. Distribution of
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hygromiidae" genus="Monacha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monacha (Monacha) nummus" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="nummus" subGenus="Monacha">Monacha (Monacha) nummus</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">This species seems to be restricted to coastal regions in Lebanon.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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This species can easily be confused with other keeled species known from the Levante area. To illustrate the differences, shells of
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hygromiidae" genus="Monacha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monacha (Monacha) spiroxia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="spiroxia" subGenus="Monacha">Monacha (Monacha) spiroxia</taxonomicName>
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(Bourguignat, 1868) (Fig. 6) and
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hygromiidae" genus="Monacha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monacha (Monacha) carinata" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="carinata" subGenus="Monacha">Monacha (Monacha) carinata</taxonomicName>
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Hausdorf, 2000 (Fig. 7) are given. They differ in that the last has a larger shell with a more flat spire and a less pronounced keel. So far, these two species have only been recorded from the Hatay province of Turkey, while
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hygromiidae" genus="Monacha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monacha (Monacha) nummus" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="nummus" subGenus="Monacha">Monacha (Monacha) nummus</taxonomicName>
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seems to be restricted to Lebanon.
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hygromiidae" genus="Monacha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monacha (Monacha) spiroxia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="spiroxia" subGenus="Monacha">Monacha (Monacha) spiroxia</taxonomicName>
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differs from
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hygromiidae" genus="Monacha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monacha (Monacha) nummus" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="nummus" subGenus="Monacha">Monacha (Monacha) nummus</taxonomicName>
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by being smaller, having a white lip in the aperture, a much narrower umbilicus and a teleoconch sculpture of small granules.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |