620 lines
82 KiB
XML
620 lines
82 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c81147b7-467a-4477-a36e-76f3fd8358c7" ID-PMC="PMC7921074" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1019-93" ID-Pensoft-UUID="68E025484FB95656A3666768A4D97EF1" ID-PubMed="33688849" ID-ZooBank="740EFFB93ADA4B2ABD23A839AAE71FB2" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1019-93" checkinTime="1614092297092" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Giron, Jennifer C. & Short, Andrew Edward Z." docDate="2021" docId="A4BFA9EF222B546981AAC59ABEEF5B18" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1019: 93-140" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1019" docPubDate="2021-02-22" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881" docTitle="Tobochares Short & Garcia 2007" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="68E025484FB95656A3666768A4D97EF1" lastPageNumber="93" masterDocId="68E025484FB95656A3666768A4D97EF1" masterDocTitle="Review of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae): new lineages, new species, and new records" masterLastPageNumber="140" masterPageNumber="93" pageNumber="93" updateTime="1668149822001" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Review of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae): new lineages, new species, and new records</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Giron, Jennifer C.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA & Natural Science Research Laboratory, Museum of Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Short, Andrew Edward Z.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, and Division of Entomology, Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">aezshort@ku.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number>2021-02-22</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>1019</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>93</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>140</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location>
|
||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1019-93</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">740EFFB93ADA4B2ABD23A839AAE71FB2</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">68E025484FB95656A3666768A4D97EF1</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="179905030" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A4BFA9EF222B546981AAC59ABEEF5B18" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A4BFA9EF222B546981AAC59ABEEF5B18" lastPageNumber="93" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||
Genus
|
||
<taxonomicName LSID="A4BFA9EF-222B-5469-81AA-C59ABEEF5B18" authority="Short & Garcia, 2007: 2" authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
Tobochares Short &
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 2007: 2
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="type species">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Type species.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares sulcatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Short &
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 2007: 4; by original designation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||
Small beetles, total body length 1.5-2.6 mm. Color yellowish brown, orange brown to dark brown. Body shape oval in dorsal view; moderately (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares luteomargo and Tobochares emarginatus species group A-C T. luteomargo A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view. D-F T. fusus D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512603" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">5B</figureCitation>
|
||
) to strongly convex in lateral view (e.g., Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. kappel A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. kolokoe D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512607" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">9E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Antennae with eight antennomeres (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" author="Kohlenberg, AT" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" pagination="113 - 146" refId="B3" refString="Kohlenberg, AT, Short, AEZ, 2017. Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short and Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 669: 113 - 146, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" title="Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short and Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" volume="669" year="2017">Kohlenberg and Short 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 8). Maxillary palps curved inward, short (e.g., slightly shorter than the width of the head) and slender (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Heads of Tobochares spp. A, B T. goias, black mark pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating the eye A dorsal view B anterolateral view C T. fusus D, E T. luteomargo, black mark pointing to straight anterior margin of the eye D dorsal view E anterolateral view F T. romanoae G T. pemon H T. communis I T. microps." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512600" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">2A; e</figureCitation>
|
||
.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. goias" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="goias">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. goias</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.), to very short (nearly half the width of the head) and stout (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Heads of Tobochares spp. A, B T. goias, black mark pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating the eye A dorsal view B anterolateral view C T. fusus D, E T. luteomargo, black mark pointing to straight anterior margin of the eye D dorsal view E anterolateral view F T. romanoae G T. pemon H T. communis I T. microps." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512600" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">2G; e</figureCitation>
|
||
.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. pemon" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="pemon">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. pemon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.). Elytra without sutural striae, but in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. akoerio" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="akoerio">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. akoerio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. romanoae" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="romanoae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. romanoae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. stria I more strongly impressed along posterior half of elytra (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. romanoae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. akoerio D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512606" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">8A and D</figureCitation>
|
||
, respectively); elytral punctures seemingly arranged in rows, in some species more evidently so (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. romanoae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. akoerio D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512606" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">8</figureCitation>
|
||
); in some species interserial punctures not longitudinally aligned (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. kappel A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. kolokoe D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512607" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">9</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. arawak A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. canaima D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512608" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">10</figureCitation>
|
||
); serial punctures sometimes impressed into distinct grooves (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" author="Kohlenberg, AT" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" pagination="113 - 146" refId="B3" refString="Kohlenberg, AT, Short, AEZ, 2017. Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short and Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 669: 113 - 146, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" title="Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short and Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" volume="669" year="2017">Kohlenberg and Short 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 2). Prosternum flat (e.g., Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares luteomargo and Tobochares emarginatus species group A-C T. luteomargo A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view. D-F T. fusus D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512603" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">5C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Posterior elevation of mesoventrite either flat, bulging (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Characters of elytra and wings of Tobochares spp. A-E Scanning Electron Micrographs A-C elytra: white arrows point to serial punctures; black arrows point to interserial punctures A T. communis B T. atures C T. arawak D, E ventral view of mesoventrite: D T. communis: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with low longitudinal elevation; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite E T. arawak: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with weakly elevated bulge; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite. F-I detail of elytral punctation; black marks at top of each circle indicates serial punctures F T. pemon (all punctures relatively large; serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures in irregular single row) G T. atures (all punctures longitudinally aligned; serial punctures larger than interserial punctures; interserial punctures more densely distributed) H T. kolokoe (serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming one or two irregular rows) I T. canaima (serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming two or three irregular rows) J, K hindwings J T. sipaliwini K T. microps." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512601" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">3E</figureCitation>
|
||
) or with a transverse or longitudinal ridge (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Characters of elytra and wings of Tobochares spp. A-E Scanning Electron Micrographs A-C elytra: white arrows point to serial punctures; black arrows point to interserial punctures A T. communis B T. atures C T. arawak D, E ventral view of mesoventrite: D T. communis: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with low longitudinal elevation; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite E T. arawak: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with weakly elevated bulge; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite. F-I detail of elytral punctation; black marks at top of each circle indicates serial punctures F T. pemon (all punctures relatively large; serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures in irregular single row) G T. atures (all punctures longitudinally aligned; serial punctures larger than interserial punctures; interserial punctures more densely distributed) H T. kolokoe (serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming one or two irregular rows) I T. canaima (serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming two or three irregular rows) J, K hindwings J T. sipaliwini K T. microps." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512601" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">3D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Metaventrite densely pubescent, except for a median glabrous patch, which is either ovoid and wide (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" author="Kohlenberg, AT" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" pagination="113 - 146" refId="B3" refString="Kohlenberg, AT, Short, AEZ, 2017. Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short and Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 669: 113 - 146, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" title="Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short and Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" volume="669" year="2017">Kohlenberg and Short 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 10) or longitudinal and narrow (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Characters of elytra and wings of Tobochares spp. A-E Scanning Electron Micrographs A-C elytra: white arrows point to serial punctures; black arrows point to interserial punctures A T. communis B T. atures C T. arawak D, E ventral view of mesoventrite: D T. communis: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with low longitudinal elevation; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite E T. arawak: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with weakly elevated bulge; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite. F-I detail of elytral punctation; black marks at top of each circle indicates serial punctures F T. pemon (all punctures relatively large; serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures in irregular single row) G T. atures (all punctures longitudinally aligned; serial punctures larger than interserial punctures; interserial punctures more densely distributed) H T. kolokoe (serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming one or two irregular rows) I T. canaima (serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming two or three irregular rows) J, K hindwings J T. sipaliwini K T. microps." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512601" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">3D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Posterior femora mostly glabrous, with only few scattered setae, sometimes with hydrofuge pubescence along basal half of anterodorsal margin (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" author="Kohlenberg, AT" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" pagination="113 - 146" refId="B3" refString="Kohlenberg, AT, Short, AEZ, 2017. Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short and Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 669: 113 - 146, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" title="Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short and Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" volume="669" year="2017">Kohlenberg and Short 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 22). Fifth abdominal ventrite apically evenly rounded, without stout setae (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" author="Kohlenberg, AT" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" pagination="113 - 146" refId="B3" refString="Kohlenberg, AT, Short, AEZ, 2017. Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short and Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 669: 113 - 146, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" title="Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short and Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" volume="669" year="2017">Kohlenberg and Short 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 13). Aedeagus with basal piece usually very short (nearly one third of the length of parameres; Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Aedeagi of Tobochares spp. A T. benettii B T. goias C T. fusus D T. luteomargo E T. pemon F T. anthonyae G T. atures H T. communis I T. microps J T. romanoae K T. akoerio L T. kappel M T. arawak N T. canaima. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A-D); 0.1 mm (E-N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512609" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">11</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512600" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Figure 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Heads of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">A, B</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. goias" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="goias">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. goias</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, black mark pointing to
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kohlenberg & Short" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares canthus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canthus">Tobochares canthus</taxonomicName>
|
||
emarginating the eye
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">A</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">B</emphasis>
|
||
anterolateral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">C</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. fusus" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="fusus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. fusus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">D, E</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. luteomargo" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="luteomargo">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. luteomargo</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, black mark pointing to straight anterior margin of the eye
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">D</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">E</emphasis>
|
||
anterolateral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">F</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. romanoae" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="romanoae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. romanoae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">G</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. pemon" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="pemon">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. pemon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">H</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. communis" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="communis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. communis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">I</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. microps" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="microps">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. microps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512601" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Figure 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Characters of elytra and wings of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">A-E</emphasis>
|
||
Scanning Electron Micrographs
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">A-C</emphasis>
|
||
elytra: white arrows point to serial punctures; black arrows point to interserial punctures
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">A</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. communis" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="communis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. communis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">B</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. atures" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="atures">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. atures</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">C</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. arawak" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="arawak">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. arawak</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">D, E</emphasis>
|
||
ventral view of mesoventrite:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">D</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. communis" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="communis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. communis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with low longitudinal elevation; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">E</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. arawak" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="arawak">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. arawak</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with weakly elevated bulge; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">F-I</emphasis>
|
||
detail of elytral punctation; black marks at top of each circle indicates serial punctures
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">F</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. pemon" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="pemon">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. pemon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(all punctures relatively large; serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures in irregular single row)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">G</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. atures" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="atures">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. atures</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(all punctures longitudinally aligned; serial punctures larger than interserial punctures; interserial punctures more densely distributed)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">H</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. kolokoe" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="kolokoe">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. kolokoe</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming one or two irregular rows)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">I</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. canaima" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="canaima">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. canaima</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming two or three irregular rows)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">J, K</emphasis>
|
||
hindwings
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">J</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. sipaliwini" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="sipaliwini">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. sipaliwini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">K</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. microps" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="microps">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. microps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="remarks on diagnostic features of tobochares short & garcía, 2007">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||
Remarks on diagnostic features of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Short &
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 2007
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Body shape and coloration</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
In lateral view, the degree of convexity of the body can be diagnostic, as only a few species (all in the
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares communis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="communis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares communis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group) are comparatively strongly convex (e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. kolokoe" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="kolokoe">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. kolokoe</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. kappel A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. kolokoe D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512607" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">9E</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. akoerio" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="akoerio">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. akoerio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. romanoae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. akoerio D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512606" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">8E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Except for a few cases (e.g., the paler elytral margins of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. luteomargo" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="luteomargo">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. luteomargo</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares luteomargo and Tobochares emarginatus species group A-C T. luteomargo A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view. D-F T. fusus D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512603" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">5B</figureCitation>
|
||
) the general dorsal coloration of the body in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is not particularly useful for diagnosis. The coloration of the head is diagnostic for some species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares sulcatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Maxillary palps</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
In general, the maxillary palps in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are short (nearly as long as the width of the head; e.g., Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Heads of Tobochares spp. A, B T. goias, black mark pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating the eye A dorsal view B anterolateral view C T. fusus D, E T. luteomargo, black mark pointing to straight anterior margin of the eye D dorsal view E anterolateral view F T. romanoae G T. pemon H T. communis I T. microps." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512600" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">2A, D, F, H, I</figureCitation>
|
||
) or very short (nearly half as long as the width of the head; e.g., Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Heads of Tobochares spp. A, B T. goias, black mark pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating the eye A dorsal view B anterolateral view C T. fusus D, E T. luteomargo, black mark pointing to straight anterior margin of the eye D dorsal view E anterolateral view F T. romanoae G T. pemon H T. communis I T. microps." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512600" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">2G</figureCitation>
|
||
). The longer palps are slender, as the regular acidocerine maxillary palps (e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giron & Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Crucisternum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crucisternum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Crucisternum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
|
||
& Short, 2018), but in the shorter forms, the maxillary palps are also stout: each palpomere is shorter and apically wider (or mesally in the case of maxillary palpomere IV). The coloration of palpomere IV (uniformly yellowish vs. apically darkened) can be diagnostic for some species, especially in the
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares sulcatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" author="Kohlenberg, AT" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" pagination="113 - 146" refId="B3" refString="Kohlenberg, AT, Short, AEZ, 2017. Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short and Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 669: 113 - 146, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" title="Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short and Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" volume="669" year="2017">Kohlenberg and Short 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Eyes</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The direction of the anterior margin of the eye in dorsal view is partly diagnostic at the species-group level. The anterior margin of the eye is oblique and posteriorly directed in the
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares sulcatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares emarginatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="emarginatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares emarginatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species groups (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Heads of Tobochares spp. A, B T. goias, black mark pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating the eye A dorsal view B anterolateral view C T. fusus D, E T. luteomargo, black mark pointing to straight anterior margin of the eye D dorsal view E anterolateral view F T. romanoae G T. pemon H T. communis I T. microps." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512600" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">2A-C</figureCitation>
|
||
), forming a reduced to well-developed
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kohlenberg & Short" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares canthus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canthus">Tobochares canthus</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which in lateral view of the head results in a clearly emarginate anterior margin of the eye (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Heads of Tobochares spp. A, B T. goias, black mark pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating the eye A dorsal view B anterolateral view C T. fusus D, E T. luteomargo, black mark pointing to straight anterior margin of the eye D dorsal view E anterolateral view F T. romanoae G T. pemon H T. communis I T. microps." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512600" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">2B</figureCitation>
|
||
); it is oblique and anteriorly directed to perpendicular to the outer margin of the head in the
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares luteomargo" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luteomargo">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares luteomargo</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares communis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="communis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares communis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species groups (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Heads of Tobochares spp. A, B T. goias, black mark pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating the eye A dorsal view B anterolateral view C T. fusus D, E T. luteomargo, black mark pointing to straight anterior margin of the eye D dorsal view E anterolateral view F T. romanoae G T. pemon H T. communis I T. microps." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512600" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">2D-I</figureCitation>
|
||
), which in lateral view of the head results in a straight anterior margin of the eye (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Heads of Tobochares spp. A, B T. goias, black mark pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating the eye A dorsal view B anterolateral view C T. fusus D, E T. luteomargo, black mark pointing to straight anterior margin of the eye D dorsal view E anterolateral view F T. romanoae G T. pemon H T. communis I T. microps." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512600" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">2E</figureCitation>
|
||
), only rarely slightly emarginated. The outer margin of the eyes can also be considered diagnostic, being continuous with the outline of the head (eyes not bulging) in the
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares sulcatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Heads of Tobochares spp. A, B T. goias, black mark pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating the eye A dorsal view B anterolateral view C T. fusus D, E T. luteomargo, black mark pointing to straight anterior margin of the eye D dorsal view E anterolateral view F T. romanoae G T. pemon H T. communis I T. microps." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512600" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">2A</figureCitation>
|
||
), or slightly bulging from the outline of the head in the
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares luteomargo" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luteomargo">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares luteomargo</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares communis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="communis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares communis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species groups (e.g., Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Heads of Tobochares spp. A, B T. goias, black mark pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating the eye A dorsal view B anterolateral view C T. fusus D, E T. luteomargo, black mark pointing to straight anterior margin of the eye D dorsal view E anterolateral view F T. romanoae G T. pemon H T. communis I T. microps." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512600" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">2D, F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Mesoventrite</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The posterior elevation of the mesoventrite exhibits high variation within
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. It usually bears a low, transverse medial ridge, but it can also be flat, or with a weakly elevated bulge (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Characters of elytra and wings of Tobochares spp. A-E Scanning Electron Micrographs A-C elytra: white arrows point to serial punctures; black arrows point to interserial punctures A T. communis B T. atures C T. arawak D, E ventral view of mesoventrite: D T. communis: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with low longitudinal elevation; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite E T. arawak: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with weakly elevated bulge; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite. F-I detail of elytral punctation; black marks at top of each circle indicates serial punctures F T. pemon (all punctures relatively large; serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures in irregular single row) G T. atures (all punctures longitudinally aligned; serial punctures larger than interserial punctures; interserial punctures more densely distributed) H T. kolokoe (serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming one or two irregular rows) I T. canaima (serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming two or three irregular rows) J, K hindwings J T. sipaliwini K T. microps." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512601" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">3E</figureCitation>
|
||
), or a broad and low longitudinal ridge (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Characters of elytra and wings of Tobochares spp. A-E Scanning Electron Micrographs A-C elytra: white arrows point to serial punctures; black arrows point to interserial punctures A T. communis B T. atures C T. arawak D, E ventral view of mesoventrite: D T. communis: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with low longitudinal elevation; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite E T. arawak: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with weakly elevated bulge; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite. F-I detail of elytral punctation; black marks at top of each circle indicates serial punctures F T. pemon (all punctures relatively large; serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures in irregular single row) G T. atures (all punctures longitudinally aligned; serial punctures larger than interserial punctures; interserial punctures more densely distributed) H T. kolokoe (serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming one or two irregular rows) I T. canaima (serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming two or three irregular rows) J, K hindwings J T. sipaliwini K T. microps." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512601" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">3D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Not necessarily a diagnostic feature at the species-group level.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Metaventrite</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The surface of the metaventrite is overall densely covered by hydrofuge pubescence, with a posteromedial glabrous patch. The shape of the glabrous patch is diagnostic at the species-group level: members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares sulcatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group have a broad, ovoid to diamond-shaped glabrous patch (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" author="Kohlenberg, AT" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" pagination="113 - 146" refId="B3" refString="Kohlenberg, AT, Short, AEZ, 2017. Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short and Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 669: 113 - 146, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" title="Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short and Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" volume="669" year="2017">Kohlenberg and Short 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 10), whereas in the
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares luteomargo" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luteomargo">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares luteomargo</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares communis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="communis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares communis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species groups, the glabrous patch is shaped like a narrow longitudinal bar (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Characters of elytra and wings of Tobochares spp. A-E Scanning Electron Micrographs A-C elytra: white arrows point to serial punctures; black arrows point to interserial punctures A T. communis B T. atures C T. arawak D, E ventral view of mesoventrite: D T. communis: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with low longitudinal elevation; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite E T. arawak: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with weakly elevated bulge; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite. F-I detail of elytral punctation; black marks at top of each circle indicates serial punctures F T. pemon (all punctures relatively large; serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures in irregular single row) G T. atures (all punctures longitudinally aligned; serial punctures larger than interserial punctures; interserial punctures more densely distributed) H T. kolokoe (serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming one or two irregular rows) I T. canaima (serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming two or three irregular rows) J, K hindwings J T. sipaliwini K T. microps." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512601" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">3D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Elytral punctation</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The distribution and characteristics of the elytral punctation are highly variable in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The disposition and degree of impression of the elytral punctation (i.e., serial punctures, ground punctures and systematic punctures) are useful for species recognition. The elytral punctures are generally aligned in rows, but this is not so evident in some species (e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. luteomargo" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="luteomargo">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. luteomargo</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares luteomargo and Tobochares emarginatus species group A-C T. luteomargo A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view. D-F T. fusus D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512603" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">5A</figureCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. communis" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="communis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. communis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Characters of elytra and wings of Tobochares spp. A-E Scanning Electron Micrographs A-C elytra: white arrows point to serial punctures; black arrows point to interserial punctures A T. communis B T. atures C T. arawak D, E ventral view of mesoventrite: D T. communis: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with low longitudinal elevation; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite E T. arawak: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with weakly elevated bulge; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite. F-I detail of elytral punctation; black marks at top of each circle indicates serial punctures F T. pemon (all punctures relatively large; serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures in irregular single row) G T. atures (all punctures longitudinally aligned; serial punctures larger than interserial punctures; interserial punctures more densely distributed) H T. kolokoe (serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming one or two irregular rows) I T. canaima (serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming two or three irregular rows) J, K hindwings J T. sipaliwini K T. microps." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512601" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">3A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. communis A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. microps D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512604" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">6A</figureCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. microps" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="microps">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. microps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. communis A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. microps D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512604" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">6D</figureCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. fusus" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="fusus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. fusus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares luteomargo and Tobochares emarginatus species group A-C T. luteomargo A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view. D-F T. fusus D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512603" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">5D</figureCitation>
|
||
)), where the punctures seem to be evenly distributed rather than longitudinally aligned. In species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares luteomargo" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luteomargo">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares luteomargo</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares emarginatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="emarginatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares emarginatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species groups, and some species in the
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares communis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="communis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares communis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group all the elytral punctures are similar in size and degree of impression. Most members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares sulcatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group have well developed, impressed, elytral striae (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" author="Kohlenberg, AT" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" pagination="113 - 146" refId="B3" refString="Kohlenberg, AT, Short, AEZ, 2017. Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short and Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 669: 113 - 146, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" title="Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short and Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" volume="669" year="2017">Kohlenberg and Short 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The sutural striae are always absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. akoerio" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="akoerio">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. akoerio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. romanoae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. akoerio D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512606" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">8A</figureCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. romanoae" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="romanoae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. romanoae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. romanoae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. akoerio D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512606" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">8D</figureCitation>
|
||
) the impressed stria I on each elytron is more strongly impressed along the posterior half of the elytra, which might resemble a well-developed sutural stria. In some species the elytral striae are only impressed along the posterior half or third of the elytra (e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. kasikasima" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="kasikasima">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. kasikasima</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Short, 2013,
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" author="Kohlenberg, AT" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" pagination="113 - 146" refId="B3" refString="Kohlenberg, AT, Short, AEZ, 2017. Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short and Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 669: 113 - 146, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" title="Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short and Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" volume="669" year="2017">Kohlenberg and Short 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 3C;
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. romanoae" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="romanoae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. romanoae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. romanoae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. akoerio D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512606" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">8D</figureCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. akoerio" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="akoerio">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. akoerio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. romanoae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. akoerio D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512606" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">8A</figureCitation>
|
||
)).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||
In some species in the
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares communis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="communis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares communis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group, the serial punctures can be recognized by their higher density in comparison with interserial punctures (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Characters of elytra and wings of Tobochares spp. A-E Scanning Electron Micrographs A-C elytra: white arrows point to serial punctures; black arrows point to interserial punctures A T. communis B T. atures C T. arawak D, E ventral view of mesoventrite: D T. communis: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with low longitudinal elevation; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite E T. arawak: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with weakly elevated bulge; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite. F-I detail of elytral punctation; black marks at top of each circle indicates serial punctures F T. pemon (all punctures relatively large; serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures in irregular single row) G T. atures (all punctures longitudinally aligned; serial punctures larger than interserial punctures; interserial punctures more densely distributed) H T. kolokoe (serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming one or two irregular rows) I T. canaima (serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming two or three irregular rows) J, K hindwings J T. sipaliwini K T. microps." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512601" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">3H, I</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. arawak A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. canaima D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512608" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">10A, D</figureCitation>
|
||
), whereas in others the serial punctures are larger and less dense than the interserial punctures (
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. atures" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="atures">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. atures</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Characters of elytra and wings of Tobochares spp. A-E Scanning Electron Micrographs A-C elytra: white arrows point to serial punctures; black arrows point to interserial punctures A T. communis B T. atures C T. arawak D, E ventral view of mesoventrite: D T. communis: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with low longitudinal elevation; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite E T. arawak: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with weakly elevated bulge; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite. F-I detail of elytral punctation; black marks at top of each circle indicates serial punctures F T. pemon (all punctures relatively large; serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures in irregular single row) G T. atures (all punctures longitudinally aligned; serial punctures larger than interserial punctures; interserial punctures more densely distributed) H T. kolokoe (serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming one or two irregular rows) I T. canaima (serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming two or three irregular rows) J, K hindwings J T. sipaliwini K T. microps." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512601" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">3B, G</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. anthonyae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. atures D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view G-I T. pemon G dorsal view H lateral view I ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512605" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">7D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Seta bearing systematic punctures are distributed in irregular rows in the
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares sulcatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group, whereas in the
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares luteomargo" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luteomargo">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares luteomargo</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares communis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="communis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares communis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species groups, seta bearing systematic punctures are rather scarce, sometimes only evident along the sides and posterior third of elytra (e.g., Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Characters of elytra and wings of Tobochares spp. A-E Scanning Electron Micrographs A-C elytra: white arrows point to serial punctures; black arrows point to interserial punctures A T. communis B T. atures C T. arawak D, E ventral view of mesoventrite: D T. communis: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with low longitudinal elevation; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite E T. arawak: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with weakly elevated bulge; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite. F-I detail of elytral punctation; black marks at top of each circle indicates serial punctures F T. pemon (all punctures relatively large; serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures in irregular single row) G T. atures (all punctures longitudinally aligned; serial punctures larger than interserial punctures; interserial punctures more densely distributed) H T. kolokoe (serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming one or two irregular rows) I T. canaima (serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming two or three irregular rows) J, K hindwings J T. sipaliwini K T. microps." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512601" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">3A-C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Some details of the elytral punctation require high magnification to be properly observed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Hind wings</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Most species of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have well-developed hind wings (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Characters of elytra and wings of Tobochares spp. A-E Scanning Electron Micrographs A-C elytra: white arrows point to serial punctures; black arrows point to interserial punctures A T. communis B T. atures C T. arawak D, E ventral view of mesoventrite: D T. communis: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with low longitudinal elevation; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite E T. arawak: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with weakly elevated bulge; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite. F-I detail of elytral punctation; black marks at top of each circle indicates serial punctures F T. pemon (all punctures relatively large; serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures in irregular single row) G T. atures (all punctures longitudinally aligned; serial punctures larger than interserial punctures; interserial punctures more densely distributed) H T. kolokoe (serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming one or two irregular rows) I T. canaima (serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming two or three irregular rows) J, K hindwings J T. sipaliwini K T. microps." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512601" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">3J</figureCitation>
|
||
), with the notable exception of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. microps" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="microps">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. microps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which is polymorphic, with individuals exhibiting either full size or brachypterous wing forms (e.g., Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Characters of elytra and wings of Tobochares spp. A-E Scanning Electron Micrographs A-C elytra: white arrows point to serial punctures; black arrows point to interserial punctures A T. communis B T. atures C T. arawak D, E ventral view of mesoventrite: D T. communis: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with low longitudinal elevation; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite E T. arawak: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with weakly elevated bulge; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite. F-I detail of elytral punctation; black marks at top of each circle indicates serial punctures F T. pemon (all punctures relatively large; serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures in irregular single row) G T. atures (all punctures longitudinally aligned; serial punctures larger than interserial punctures; interserial punctures more densely distributed) H T. kolokoe (serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming one or two irregular rows) I T. canaima (serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming two or three irregular rows) J, K hindwings J T. sipaliwini K T. microps." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512601" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">3K</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Metafemora" lsidName="Metafemora" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Metafemora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
For the most part, the anterior surface of the metafemora is glabrous, smooth and shiny, with only few scattered setae and very shallow reticulations (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" author="Kohlenberg, AT" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" pagination="113 - 146" refId="B3" refString="Kohlenberg, AT, Short, AEZ, 2017. Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short and Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 669: 113 - 146, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" title="Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short and Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" volume="669" year="2017">Kohlenberg and Short 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 12). Sometimes there is a narrow strip of hydrofuge pubescence along the basal half of the anterodorsal margin. Not necessarily a diagnostic feature at the species-group level.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
All the abdominal ventrites are uniformly covered by fine pubescence, which varies in density: in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. canthus" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="canthus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. canthus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Kohlenberg & Short, 2017,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. emarginatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="emarginatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. emarginatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Kohlenberg & Short, 2017, and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. luteomargo" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="luteomargo">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. luteomargo</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the pubescence is rather scanty, whereas in the remainder species of the genus the pubescence is very dense (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" author="Kohlenberg, AT" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" pagination="113 - 146" refId="B3" refString="Kohlenberg, AT, Short, AEZ, 2017. Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short and Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 669: 113 - 146, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" title="Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short and Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" volume="669" year="2017">Kohlenberg and Short 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 13). The posterior margin of the fifth ventrite is evenly rounded and lacks thick, flat spine-like setae (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" author="Kohlenberg, AT" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" pagination="113 - 146" refId="B3" refString="Kohlenberg, AT, Short, AEZ, 2017. Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short and Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 669: 113 - 146, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" title="Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short and Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" volume="669" year="2017">Kohlenberg and Short 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 13).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Aedeagus</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
As is usual in acidocerines, the configuration of the aedeagus is diagnostic at the species and species-group level, although, it can be considered highly variable within the genus, which is unusual in the subfamily. The basal piece is usually short (between 0.3 and 0.6
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
the length of the parameres), except in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. luteomargo" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="luteomargo">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. luteomargo</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in which the basal piece is slightly longer than the parameres (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Aedeagi of Tobochares spp. A T. benettii B T. goias C T. fusus D T. luteomargo E T. pemon F T. anthonyae G T. atures H T. communis I T. microps J T. romanoae K T. akoerio L T. kappel M T. arawak N T. canaima. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A-D); 0.1 mm (E-N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512609" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">11D</figureCitation>
|
||
). The median lobe varies from roughly triangular and apically rounded (as in most species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares sulcatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares sulcatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group,
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" author="Kohlenberg, AT" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" pagination="113 - 146" refId="B3" refString="Kohlenberg, AT, Short, AEZ, 2017. Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short and Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 669: 113 - 146, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" title="Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short and Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" volume="669" year="2017">Kohlenberg and Short 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 14) to rather sagittate, either narrowing along its apical third (e.g., Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Aedeagi of Tobochares spp. A T. benettii B T. goias C T. fusus D T. luteomargo E T. pemon F T. anthonyae G T. atures H T. communis I T. microps J T. romanoae K T. akoerio L T. kappel M T. arawak N T. canaima. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A-D); 0.1 mm (E-N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512609" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">11G-I</figureCitation>
|
||
), or apically pinched (e.g., Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Aedeagi of Tobochares spp. A T. benettii B T. goias C T. fusus D T. luteomargo E T. pemon F T. anthonyae G T. atures H T. communis I T. microps J T. romanoae K T. akoerio L T. kappel M T. arawak N T. canaima. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A-D); 0.1 mm (E-N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512609" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">11K-M</figureCitation>
|
||
). The apex of the median lobe is rarely emarginate at apex (e.g., Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Aedeagi of Tobochares spp. A T. benettii B T. goias C T. fusus D T. luteomargo E T. pemon F T. anthonyae G T. atures H T. communis I T. microps J T. romanoae K T. akoerio L T. kappel M T. arawak N T. canaima. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A-D); 0.1 mm (E-N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512609" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">11D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
). The parameres range in length from shorter to nearly as long as the median lobe, with outer margins straight, broadly curved or sinuate. The overall shape and proportions of the aedeagus, particularly the median lobe, are variable in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |