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<mods:title id="9B0589120D1059534BE94C865BEEFD31">Predation, phytophagy and character state confusion among North American species of the genus Leptothrips (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="F12DF391DE4E237C8D9757D7A29346AF">2017</mods:date>
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<treatment id="2620F071FFA7AC19FF0AF8D3FF1E43A3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6040326" ID-GBIF-Taxon="132550548" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6040326" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2620F071FFA7AC19FF0AF8D3FF1E43A3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2620F071FFA7AC19FF0AF8D3FF1E43A3" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="306" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
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<paragraph id="AE364167FFA7AC18FF0AF8D3FE8445C2" blockId="4.[151,364,1914,1941]" box="[151,364,1914,1941]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
<heading id="F57EF60BFFA7AC18FF0AF8D3FE8445C2" bold="true" box="[151,364,1914,1941]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="69893AE4FFA7AC18FF0AF8D3FE8445C2" ID-CoL="5DG2" authority="Hood" authorityName="Hood" authorityYear="1909" box="[151,364,1914,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Leptothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9CFD9D75FFA7AC18FF0AF8D3FE8445C2" bold="true" box="[151,364,1914,1941]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
<emphasis id="9CFD9D75FFA7AC18FF0AF8D3FEC945C3" bold="true" box="[151,289,1914,1940]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Leptothrips</emphasis>
Hood
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<paragraph id="AE364167FFA7AC18FF0AF868FEEA45A1" blockId="4.[151,1436,1985,2038]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
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<taxonomicName id="69893AE4FFA7AC18FF0AF868FE2D4580" ID-CoL="5DG2" authority="Hood, 1909: 249" authorityName="Hood" authorityPageNumber="249" authorityYear="1909" box="[151,453,1985,2007]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Leptothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9CFD9D75FFA7AC18FF0AF868FEE44580" box="[151,268,1985,2007]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Leptothrips</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="2F286776FFA7AC18FE89F868FE2D4580" author="Hood" box="[276,453,1985,2007]" page="249" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" year="1909">
<bibRefCitation id="CA183C96FFA7AC18FE89F868FE784580" author="Hood" box="[276,400,1985,2007]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" refString="Hood, J. D. (1909) A new genus and a new species of North American Phloeothripidae (Thysanoptera). Entomological News, 20, 249 - 252." type="journal article" year="1909">Hood, 1909</bibRefCitation>
: 249
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Type species
<taxonomicName id="69893AE4FFA7AC18FDC1F868FC574580" ID-CoL="3237X" authority="Hinds 1902" authorityName="Hinds" authorityYear="1902" box="[604,959,1985,2007]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Cryptothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aspersus">
<emphasis id="9CFD9D75FFA7AC18FDC1F868FCD64580" box="[604,830,1985,2007]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Cryptothrips aspersus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="CA183C96FFA7AC18FCD8F868FC574580" author="Hinds" box="[837,959,1985,2007]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" refString="Hinds, W. E. (1902) Contribution to a monograph of the insects of the order Thysanoptera inhabiting North America. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 23, 79 - 242." type="journal article" year="1902">Hinds 1902</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by monotypy; synonym of
<taxonomicName id="69893AE4FFA7AC18FB79F868FEEA45A1" ID-CoL="4GH3Q" authority="Fitch." authorityName="Fitch." authorityYear="1855" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Phloeothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mali">
<emphasis id="9CFD9D75FFA7AC18FB79F868FA744580" box="[1252,1436,1985,2007]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Phloeothrips mali</emphasis>
Fitch.
</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AE364167FFA6AC19FF0AFF3EFF1E43A3" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,500]" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">
Members of this genus share character states with other
<taxonomicName id="69893AE4FFA6AC19FC91FF3EFC5442E7" ID-CoL="K59" authorityName="Uzel" authorityYear="1895" box="[780,956,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Phlaeothripinae">Phlaeothripinae</taxonomicName>
species in the Tribe
<taxonomicName id="69893AE4FFA6AC19FB39FF3EFAD342E7" box="[1188,1339,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Haplothripini">Haplothripini</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="CA183C96FFA6AC19FAD4FF3EFEB84283" author="Mound" pageId="5" pageNumber="306" refString="Mound, L. A. &amp; Minaei, K. (2007) Australian insects of the Haplothrips lineage (Thysanoptera - Phlaeothripinae). Journal of Natural History, 41, 2919 - 2978." type="journal article" year="2007">Mound &amp; Minaei 2007</bibRefCitation>
): antennae usually 8-segmented; head usually with maxillary bridge present; prosternum with paired basantra (praepectal plates); fore wings usually slightly constricted medially. From other
<taxonomicName id="69893AE4FFA6AC19FB46FF76FA9A42AF" box="[1243,1394,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Haplothripini">Haplothripini</taxonomicName>
the genus is distinguished by the presence of longitudinally striate sculpture on the metanotum (
<figureCitation id="36B25DE2FFA6AC19FB33FEADFADA434A" box="[1198,1330,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 25 30" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1517,1540]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1496]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,193,1497]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 25 30. Leptothrips species of North America—metanotum. (25) mali; (26) papago; (27) purpuratus; (28) fasciculatus; (29) oribates (brevicapitis holotype); (30) occipitalis holotype." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/832568/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">Figs 2530</figureCitation>
). Prior to this study a total of 38 species were listed in this genus (ThripsWiki 2017), but nine of these species are here placed into synonymy. Moreover, a recently described species, based on a single male specimen,
<taxonomicName id="69893AE4FFA6AC19FB14FEE4FACC4333" authorityName="Johansen-Naime et al." authorityYear="2017" box="[1161,1316,333,356]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Leptothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texcosensis">
<emphasis id="9CFD9D75FFA6AC19FB14FEE4FACC4333" box="[1161,1316,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">L. texcosensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Johansen- Naime
<emphasis id="9CFD9D75FFA6AC19FF74FED8FEF243DF" box="[233,282,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">et al</emphasis>
. (2017), is here recognised as a species of
<taxonomicName id="69893AE4FFA6AC19FD62FEC6FC6E43DF" ID-CoL="4TLK" box="[767,902,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Haplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9CFD9D75FFA6AC19FD62FEC6FC6E43DF" box="[767,902,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">Haplothrips</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. It shares with two other species that also were described as members of
<taxonomicName id="69893AE4FFA6AC19FE2CFE3DFDDA43FA" ID-CoL="5DG2" authorityName="Hood" authorityYear="1909" box="[433,562,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Leptothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9CFD9D75FFA6AC19FE2CFE3DFDDA43FA" box="[433,562,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">Leptothrips</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Group Primarius (see discussion above) the presence of equiangular reticulate sculpture on the metanotum. This species is thus referred to as
<taxonomicName id="69893AE4FFA6AC19FC1DFE1EFA744398" authority="Johansen-Naime et al." authorityName="Johansen-Naime et al." authorityYear="2017" box="[896,1436,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Haplothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texcosensis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="9CFD9D75FFA6AC19FC1DFE1EFB784387" box="[896,1168,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">Haplothrips texcosensis</emphasis>
Johansen-Naime
<emphasis id="9CFD9D75FFA6AC19FAFDFE10FA7C4387" box="[1376,1428,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">et al</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="87CE200EFFA6AC19FF0AFE75FF1E43A3" box="[151,246,476,500]" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">
<emphasis id="9CFD9D75FFA6AC19FF0AFE75FF0643A3" bold="true" box="[151,238,476,500]" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">comb.n</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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